CN207118895U - Scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system - Google Patents
Scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system is the utility model is related to, is comprised at least：For the light source module for the emergent light for launching column straightline propagation；For the scan module for making light be propagated point by point；For light portion to be reflected, the spectrophotometric unit partly passed through；Testee, and the scanning objective that micro- blood flow information is amplified a little are irradiated to for light to be concentrated；Image-forming module for imaging；For the imaging module of image to be presented.Pass through scan module, utilize OPS image-forming principles, Ultrastructure information inside skin is acquired in the form of luminous point, pass through point by point scanning simultaneously, the information for being imaged point brilliance is combined, restore the three-dimensional shape of Ultrastructure, and the speed of scan module point by point scanning is very fast, the real-time three-dimensional detection of Ultrastructure is realized, quantification is digitized with the accurately microvessel density to vertical section, capilary shape and shape of CMEC and haemocyte etc..
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to it is a kind of using optical image technology carry out medical diagnosis medicine equipment, specifically one
Kind scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system.
Background technology
Microcirculation refers to that the blood between arteriole and venule carries out the place of mass exchange with histocyte.Microcirculation
Function, form and metabolism are completely to maintain human organ normal function institute conditio sune qua non.Pass through grinding for microcirculation
Study carefully, be easy to further appreciate that the specific function of each internal organs of human body, the pathogenesis of cognitive illnesses, be advantageous to prevention from suffering from the diseases, diagnose
And treatment.A variety of morbid states include diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease etc., can all cause the morbid state of microcirculation, wrap
Include microvascular diameter, the change of the parameter such as micro- VPV in microvessel density and capilary, additionally it is possible to in capilary
The Ultrastructure such as haemocyte of flowing is observed in chrotoplast and capilary.Therefore by understanding capilary ultra micro
Structure situation holds microcirculation quality, and the diagnosis and treatment for various diseases have extremely important effect.Capilary surpasses
Micro-structural situation is so important to health and disease treatment, and it is quantitative that high-precision digitlization is carried out to Ultrastructure situation
Change, realize that accurate diagnosis and treatment just have great necessity.In order to realize the accurate diagnosis and treatment using micro- blood flow, essential needs energy
It is enough to carry out Real-time high-definition imaging to Ultrastructure in the case of noninvasive and digitized " noninvasive dynamic capilary surpasses
Micro-structural 3 D observation system ".
In medical domain, the mode being non-invasively imaged through skin to body interior has a lot, for example, computer breaks
Layer imaging (CT) technology and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology etc..Although early caused by these technologies, mature,
It is due to that equipment volume is big, resolution ratio is low, is not appropriate for using micro- blood flow imaging the shortcomings of poor real.Wherein, just
It is a kind of new technology being imaged for micro- blood flow to hand over polarization spectrum (OPS) imaging technique.
The imaging system that can be observed in real time the micro- blood flow of live body in the case of noninvasive was suggested in 1999：Just
Hand over polarization spectrum (OPS) imaging technique.The schematic diagram of the technology is as shown in Figure 1.Specifically：Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging technology
In, first with the light of special wavelength as imaging source, such light source can either to a certain extent through skin and
And can is scattered inside it enough to be absorbed by the red blood cell in capilary.The trimmed book body that light source is sent be non-polarized light, it is necessary to
Turn into linearly polarized photon through polarization plates (A).Then, linear polarization light source is arrived by the dichroic mirror positioned at system centre
Skin surface.Linearly polarized photon can produce two kinds of light when being irradiated to skin surface：It is anti-with irradiation light polarization direction identical polarization
Penetrate light and be irradiated to the internal unpolarized scattering light that scattering occurs and loses unified polarizability.Unpolarized scattering light is in skin
Portion forms radiation source, is irradiated to together by spectroscope positioned at digital camera sensor with polarized reflection light through skin again
In polarization plates (B) in front of CCD.At this moment, unpolarized scattering light needs to be imaged because internal micro- blood circumstance is reflected, but
Polarized reflection light then needs to be fallen as noise filtering.Because polarization plates B and polarization plates A polarization direction are orthogonal, that is,
It is orthogonal with the polarization direction of polarized reflection light.According to the characteristic of polarization plates, polarized reflection light can be reflected back by polarization plates B and
Unpolarized scattering light can be imaged by polarization plates B on CCD surfaces.So, by the principle can of cross-polarization noninvasive
In the case of real-time monitored to micro- blood flow image, here because red blood cell has certain absorption to light source,
It is able to observe that capilary is dark, the brighter image of its hetero-organization.
However, two dimensional image can only be presented in conventional cross-polarization spectrum (OPS) imaging technique, using to two-dimensional imaging
Although analysis can carry out quantification digitlization to micro- blood flow velocity, microvascular diameter, and cross section microvessel density, by
Depth information can not be obtained in two-dimensional imaging, therefore microvessel density for vertical section and capilary shape are analyzed, two
Dimension imaging can not meet to require.At this moment just need to be improved imaging device, make it have the ability of three-dimensional measurement, can
Three-dimensional measurement is carried out to capilary to obtain depth information, accurately the microvessel density to vertical section and capilary shape,
The Ultrastructure such as CMEC and haemocyte is digitized quantification.
Utility model content
According to above-mentioned weak point, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure
3-D imaging system.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is：A kind of scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure
3-D imaging system, comprise at least：
For the light source module for the emergent light for launching column straightline propagation；
For the scan module for making light be propagated point by point；
For light portion to be reflected, the spectrophotometric unit partly passed through；
Testee, and the scanning objective that micro- blood flow information is amplified a little are irradiated to for light to be concentrated；
Image-forming module for imaging；
For the imaging module of image to be presented.
Preferably：Described scan module is two axle scanning galvanometer systems.
Preferably：Two described axle scanning galvanometer systems include two axle galvanometer modules being connected with motor control module,
Described motor control module is divided into X-axis motor control module and y-axis motor control module, described X-axis motor control module
It is connected with Y spindle motors control module with galvanometer system drive module, described galvanometer system drive module is by computer or micro-
Reason device sends control instruction.
Preferably：Polarization plates are provided between image-forming module and imaging module.
Preferably：Described scan module is lenticule disc systems.
Preferably：Described lenticule disc systems include disk module, described disk module successively with motor mould
Block, motor control module, motor drive module are connected with computer or microprocessor, and described disk module includes the first disk
With the second disk, it is attached by connecting shaft between described the first disk and the second disk, is set on the first described disk
Have and be provided with several lenticules, it is small that the second described disk is provided with the imaging corresponding with the microlens array on the first disk
Hole.
Preferably：Image-forming module is array transmission unit.
Preferably：Described light source module is light source and the collimation for emergent light adjustment to be turned into column straightline propagation
Unit.
Preferably：Described collimation unit is non-spherical lens or planoconvex spotlight.
Preferably：Described spectrophotometric unit is unpolarized optical splitter or pellicle mirror.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
(1) by scan module, using OPS image-forming principles, the capilary information inside skin is entered in the form of luminous point
Row collection, while by point by point scanning, the information for being imaged point brilliance is combined, restores the 3 D stereo shape of capilary
Shape, and the speed of scan module point by point scanning is very fast, the real-time three-dimensional detection of capilary is realized, with accurately to vertical section
Microvessel density and capilary shape are digitized quantification.
(2) cooperation of scan module and scanning objective is passed through, it is only necessary to an imaging system, you can three-dimensional imaging is realized,
Avoiding needs multiple two-dimensional imaging system in combination to realize in conventional three-dimensional imaging system so that and the system is simple in construction compact,
It is easy to operate, cost is reduced, this is particularly significant in practical application extension process.
(3) present apparatus can be detected in real time to micro- blood flow, and imaging effect is clear, and this is pre- for some diseases
It is that a revolutionary utility model is created for anti-, diagnosis and treatment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the equipment schematic of background technology of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 is the light schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation one of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation two of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the two axle scanning galvanometer systems of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 6 is the light schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 2；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 2；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the lenticule disc systems of the utility model embodiment 2；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the disk module of the utility model embodiment 2；
Figure 10 is the side view of the disk module of the utility model embodiment 2；
Figure 11 is the structural representation of first disk of the utility model embodiment 2；
Figure 12 is the transmission imaging schematic diagram of 2 single lenticule of the utility model embodiment；
Figure 13 is the single measurement position different scanning image of the utility model embodiment 2.
In figure, 1- light sources；2- collimation units；3- scan modules；The axle scanning galvanometer systems of 31- bis-；32- lenticule disks system
System；4- spectrophotometric units；5- scanning objectives；6- image-forming modules；7- polarization plates；8- imaging modules；9- shadow shields；10- fixed frames
Frame；11- connectors；12- stretches lens barrel；13- Pivot axles；14- disk fixed card slots；15- fixed transfer parts；16- first
Disk；The disks of 17- second；18- connecting shafts；19- lenticules；20- is imaged aperture.
Embodiment
The utility model is described further with reference to specific embodiment.
A kind of scan-type Ultrastructure 3-D imaging system is the utility model is related to, is comprised at least：For launching
The light source module of the emergent light of column straightline propagation；For the scan module 3 for making light be propagated point by point；For by light portion
Divide reflection, the spectrophotometric unit 4 partly passed through；Testee is a little irradiated to for light to be concentrated, and micro- blood flow information is entered
The scanning objective 5 of row amplification；Image-forming module 6 for imaging；For the imaging module 8 of image to be presented.Also, all elements
Position relationship meets optical principle.
According to the difference of scan module, the utility model is divided into two embodiments, is now described in detail one by one.
Embodiment 1
Scan-type Ultrastructure 3-D imaging system as in Figure 2-4, its scan module 3 are that the scanning of two axles is shaken
Mirror system 31.Specifically, two axles that two axle scanning galvanometer systems 31 as shown in Figure 5 include being connected with motor control module shake
Mirror module, motor control module are divided into X-axis motor control module and y-axis motor control module, X-axis motor control module and Y-axis
Motor control module is connected with galvanometer system drive module, and galvanometer system drive module sends control by computer or microprocessor
Instruction.
Specifically, computer or microprocessor send instruction to two axle scanning galvanometer systems 31, make light source 1 in the area of observation coverage
It is scanned in the plane in domain.Computer sends the coordinates computed system used during instruction to two axle galvanometer modules and swept with plane
Physical plane coordinate when retouching mutually is unified by coordinate transformation, can just send right instructions and control two axle galvanometers to refer to laser alignment
Fixed scanning element.Algorithm used in coordinate transformation is referred to as two axle galvanometer coordinate transformations.
According to linear system principle, coordinates computed system that computer or microprocessor are sent is matrix X, in observation scope
Physical plane coordinate system is matrix Y, and X-axis motor control matrix is A, and it is B that y-axis motor, which controls matrix, above matrix relationship such as formula 1
It is shown.Here, A, B are scaled good matrix before two axle galvanometer modules are dispatched from the factory, and are given value, therefore input coordinates computed,
The physical plane coordinate in the range of actual observation can be obtained according to formula 1；Similarly, the light source scanning point of setting is inputted in actual observation model
Interior physical plane coordinate is enclosed, can obtain computer needs to send the coordinates computed of instruction.
Wherein, physical plane coordinate Y=[X Y 1]T, coordinates computed X=[x y 1]T,
X-axis motor control matrix
Y-axis motor controls matrix
By algorithm above, illuminated laser spot is modulated to observation scope according to order set in advance using two axle galvanometers
Interior diverse location, and carry out IMAQ, to reach diverse location light source, same position IMAQ using digital camera
Purpose.Using photometric stereo method for three-dimensional measurement, multiple image is handled, realizes the three-dimensional measurement of micro- blood flow.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, polarization plates 7 are provided between image-forming module 6 and imaging module 8, skin can be filtered
The reflected light on surface, interference is reduced, avoid influenceing the definition of picture.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, light source module is light source 1 and turns into column straight-line transmitting for emergent light to be adjusted
The collimation unit 2 broadcast.Light source 1 is the LED or semiconductor laser for the plating polarizing coating that can send linearly polarized light.Light source is preferred
For semiconductor laser.Semiconductor laser and collimation unit composition light source module, the laser of outgoing is collimation laser, though laser
It is so line light, but with forms of radiation in spatial, therefore, it is necessary to collimation unit is placed in the position of emergent light to swash
The propagation of light turns into column straightline propagation.Optical maser wavelength is between 400-600 nanometers.
Further, collimation unit 2 is non-spherical lens or planoconvex spotlight.Non-spherical lens is that double glued achromatisms are saturating
Mirror, including the concave-convex lens and lenticular lens set gradually along light source direction of illumination, the radius of curvature of lenticular lens are small
In the radius of curvature of concave-convex lens；Planoconvex spotlight is along the plane on light source direction of illumination and convex surface；Due to double glued achromatisms
Lens are small relative to the spherical aberration of planoconvex spotlight, realize light alignment precision height, therefore preferably double glued achromatic lens.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, spectrophotometric unit 4 is unpolarized optical splitter or pellicle mirror.Pellicle mirror with it is unpolarized
Optical splitter is respectively provided with the function of light splitting, wherein, pellicle mirror is lamelliform eyeglass, rather than polarizing beam splitter is cubic shaped.
And for price, the price of unpolarized optical splitter needs many thousands of member, and because the larger installation of volume is inconvenient when installation,
Furthermore unpolarized optical splitter is easily damaged, it is therefore preferable that pellicle mirror.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, the image-forming module 6 in this embodiment is non-spherical lens, this image-forming module
Non-spherical lens as the non-spherical lens in light source module, but the focal length of lens is different, it is necessary to adjust herein non-
The position of spherical lens or microcobjective, by the focal position of non-spherical lens herein and the backward focus position of microcobjective
Coincidence is put, fixes non-spherical lens and microcobjective with lens barrel after adjustment position.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, light source module, two axle scanning galvanometer systems 3, spectrophotometric unit 4, scanning objective 5,
The periphery of polarization plates 7, image-forming module 6 and imaging module 8 is provided with fixed frame 10, passes through connector between multiple fixed frames 10
11 are attached.Because the optical system of the present apparatus is simply compact, therefore, present apparatus overall volume is smaller, can make hand-held
Formula, it is very easy to use.Flexible lens barrel 12 can be set between imaging module and the fixed frame of polarization plates, to
The focal length of optical system is adjusted, is easy to focus in real time, to obtain the image of cleaning.
In this embodiment, shadow shield 9 is provided with the side that the light of spectrophotometric unit passes through.Shadow shield 9 herein is mainly
Prevent laser from taking in the eyes of human body by mistake, cause the damage of eyes.On the other hand, laser has certain energy, although using
Laser be low-power laser, thermal sensation will not be caused, will not also be irradiated on other instrument and cause instrument damage.But no matter swash
Light whether there is nocuity, in order to safe to use, it is necessary to carry out shading treatment to it.
In use, opening light source 1, collimated emergent light is propagated with straight line column；When light is irradiated to two axles
During scanning galvanometer system 31, according to two axle galvanometer coordinate transformation methods, using two axle galvanometer modules by light source point of irradiation according to advance
The order of setting is modulated to the diverse location in observation scope, when the light that point-like is propagated is irradiated on testee, irradiation
Light to skin surface is reflected, and reflected light can not be imaged by image-forming module；Through the light of skin exposure to capilary
It is scattered, scattering light enters optical system, is imaged in dots；By the combination for imaging point monochrome information,
Restore the three-dimensional shape of capilary.By the adjustment of scan module, point by point scanning is carried out for testee, is entered point by point
Row imaging, and IMAQ is carried out using digital camera, to reach diverse location light source, the purpose of same position IMAQ.
Using photometric stereo method for three-dimensional measurement, multiple image is handled, realizes the three-dimensional measurement of micro- blood flow.
Embodiment 2
When carrying out three-dimensional imaging to micro- blood flow using the scan-type three-dimensional microscope such as common Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope, due to sweeping
It is slower to retouch speed, real time imagery effect is poor, so as to which flowing to micro- blood flow measures more difficult, is also easy to receive human body pulsation
Influenceed etc. factor.Micro- blood flow is imaged with realizing scan-type, it is necessary to a kind of device for being capable of high-velocity scanning, and the device
Skin can be passed through noninvasive three-dimensional imaging is carried out to micro- blood flow.Based on object above, design one kind is made up of upper and lower two disks
Rotating scanning device, in the device, top disk is illumination incidence end, is embedded with the lenticule of multigroup different focal；Lower section
Disk is illumination output end, is inside had and lenticule focal position identical thang-kng aperture.For the angle of mechanical movement, rotation
Accuracy and speed be far superior to planar movement, therefore scanned using disc rotary type, higher than flat in speed and control accuracy
Surface scan, the micro- blood flow three-dimensional imaging of noninvasive dynamic can be realized.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the scan module of the present embodiment is lenticule disc systems 32.Specifically, as shown in figure 8,
Lenticule disc systems 32 include disk module, disk module successively with motor module, motor control module, motor drive module
It is connected with computer or microprocessor, disk module as shown in figs. 9-11 includes the first disk 16 and the second disk 17, and first
It is attached between the disk 17 of disk 16 and second by connecting shaft 18, the first disk 16 is provided with several lenticules 19, the
Two disks 17 are provided with the imaging aperture 20 corresponding with the lenticule 19 on the first disk 16.
Specifically, the lenticule 19 on the first disk 16 could be arranged to array format, and the lenticule in an array
Focal length is identical, can be arranged as required to the microlens array of different focal, such as microlens array a, b, c in Figure 11.With
The image-forming principle distance explanation of single lenticule, as shown in figure 12, the laser light micro lens of a branch of horizontal infection, is focused on
After focus is by aperture, through skin exposure to internal capilary.When the laser is irradiated on skin, the anti-of non-focus face occurs
Penetrate, be irradiated to the back scattering that focus face occurs when inside skin.The reflection in non-focus face can not form Jiao again again at aperture
Point focusing, therefore the reflected light can not be imaged by aperture；And the rear orientation light of focus face can be formed at aperture
Focal point, so that by aperture, and be imaged after being reflected by pellicle mirror.Therefore, such structure can be individually to micro-
The focus face of mirror or microcobjective is imaged, rather than focus face can not be then imaged.By the rotation of lenticule disc systems,
Point by point scanning testee, by the combination for imaging point monochrome information, restore the three-dimensional shape of capilary.
As shown in fig. 6, the microlens array of different focal can detect to the capilary of different depth, Effect on Detecting
It is truer.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, image-forming module 6 is and the 19 corresponding setting of lenticule on the first disk 16
Array transmission unit.Array transmission unit herein can be microlens array, and with the phase of lenticule 19 on the first disk 16
It is correspondingly arranged.
Remaining light source module, spectrophotometric unit, fixed frame etc. are same as Example 1.
Further, since the structure of lenticule disc systems is special, it is therefore desirable to special disk is set on fixed frame
Fixed card slot 14, to fixed lenticule disc systems.Furthermore when size is uncoordinated between fixed frame 10, it can pass through
Fixed transfer part 15 is transferred.
In use, opening light source 1, collimated emergent light is propagated with straight line column；When light be irradiated to it is micro-
During mirror disc systems 32, pass through the rotation of lenticule disc systems 32, point by point scanning testee, by for imaging point brightness
The combination of information, restore the three-dimensional shape of Ultrastructure.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system, it is characterised in that：Comprise at least：For the light source module for the emergent light for launching column straightline propagation；For making light carry out the scan module (3) of point by point scanning to object being observed；For light portion to be reflected, the spectrophotometric unit (4) that partly passes through；Testee, and the scanning that human microvascular ultra microstructure information is amplified a little are irradiated to for light to be concentrated Object lens (5)；Image-forming module (6) for imaging；For the imaging module (8) of image to be presented.
- 2. scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Scan module (3) be two axle scanning galvanometer systems (31).
- 3. scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described Two axle scanning galvanometer systems (31) include the two axle galvanometer modules that are connected with motor control module, described motor control module Be divided into X-axis motor control module and y-axis motor control module, described X-axis motor control module and y-axis motor control module with Galvanometer system drive module is connected, and described galvanometer system drive module sends control instruction by computer or microprocessor.
- 4. the scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that： Polarization plates (7) are provided between image-forming module (6) and imaging module (8).
- 5. scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Scan module (3) be lenticule disc systems (32).
- 6. scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described Lenticule disc systems (32) include disk module, described disk module successively with motor module, motor control module, electricity Machine drive module is connected with computer or microprocessor, and described disk module includes the first disk (16) and the second disk (17), it is attached between described the first disk (16) and the second disk (17) by connecting shaft (18), the described first circle Disk (16) is provided with several lenticules (19), and described the second disk (17) is provided with and the lenticule on the first disk (16) (19) corresponding imaging aperture (20).
- 7. the scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that： Image-forming module (6) is array transmission unit.
- 8. scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Light source module for light source (1) and for by emergent light adjustment as column straightline propagation collimation unit (2).
- 9. scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：It is described Collimation unit (2) be non-spherical lens or planoconvex spotlight.
- 10. scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute The spectrophotometric unit (4) stated is unpolarized optical splitter or pellicle mirror.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107049242A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-08-18 | 青岛大学 | Scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107049242A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-08-18 | 青岛大学 | Scan-type human microvascular ultra microstructure 3-D imaging system |
| CN107049242B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2023-08-29 | 青岛大学 | Scanning type human body microvascular ultrastructural three-dimensional imaging system |
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