CN116594917B - UI testing method and device, electronic equipment and machine-readable storage medium - Google Patents
UI testing method and device, electronic equipment and machine-readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a UI testing method and device, electronic equipment and a machine-readable storage medium. The UI testing method comprises the following steps: at least one group of test step data required by running the test cases is obtained according to any test case required to be run, wherein the column names of the preset test step table comprise: the testing step data comprise elements, operations, values and pages, wherein any group of testing step data comprises element contents corresponding to the elements, operation contents corresponding to the operations, value contents corresponding to the values and page contents corresponding to the pages; and determining corresponding xpath content and operation branches for each set of test step data in the at least one set of test step data in turn, and executing the determined operation branches based on the test step data and the determined xpath content. Therefore, the requirements on testers are reduced, and the test maintenance cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a UI test method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a machine-readable storage medium.
Background
The Selenium is one of UI automation testing tools which is most widely applied to Web pages at present, and supports various browser operations, including methods for operating different controls of the browser. But it can only provide the operation method of the control, and is not a complete engineering or system capable of performing automatic test. When a tester refers to the tool to perform automatic test, a large number of test codes need to be written, the test implementation has higher requirements on personnel capacity, and the tester needs to have stronger code writing capacity. Meanwhile, the new test scene is added or modified by the new code, so that the test maintenance cost is very high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a UI testing method and device, electronic equipment and a machine-readable storage medium.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a UI test method for a Web page, the UI test method including: at least one group of test step data required by running the test cases is obtained according to any test case required to be run, wherein the column names of the preset test step table comprise: the testing step data comprise elements, operations, values and pages, wherein any group of testing step data comprises element contents corresponding to the elements, operation contents corresponding to the operations, value contents corresponding to the values and page contents corresponding to the pages; and determining corresponding xpath content and operation branches for each set of test step data in the at least one set of test step data in turn, and executing the determined operation branches based on the test step data and the determined xpath content.
Optionally, the preset test step table includes at least one first sub-table, any of the first sub-tables has a sheet name, a column name of any of the first sub-tables includes the element, the operation, the numerical value and the page, and for any of the test cases, obtaining at least one set of test step data required for running the test case recorded in the preset test step table includes: and acquiring the data recorded in the first sub-table with the sheet name being the same as the case name based on the case name of the test case so as to acquire the at least one group of test step data.
Optionally, for any set of the test step data, determining the corresponding xpath content includes: and acquiring the xpath content from a preset page data table based on the element content and the page content included in the test step data to determine corresponding xpath content, wherein the preset page data table comprises at least one second sub-table, any second sub-table has a sheet name, the column name in any second sub-table comprises the element and xpath, the sheet name of the second sub-table in which the acquired xpath content is located is identical to the page content included in the test step data, and the xpath content acquired in the second sub-table is in the same row as the element content included in the test step data.
Optionally, for any set of the test step data, determining the corresponding operation branch includes: and determining the operation branch corresponding to the operation content included in the acquired test case data based on a preset corresponding relation between the operation content and the operation branch.
Accordingly, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a UI test device for a Web page, the UI test device including: the processing module is used for acquiring at least one group of test step data required by running the test cases and recorded in a preset test step table aiming at any test case required to be run, wherein the column name of the preset test step table comprises: the testing step data comprise elements, operations, values and pages, wherein any group of testing step data comprises element contents corresponding to the elements, operation contents corresponding to the operations, value contents corresponding to the values and page contents corresponding to the pages; and determining corresponding xpath content and operation branches for each set of test step data in the at least one set of test step data in turn, and executing the determined operation branches based on the test step data and the determined xpath content.
Optionally, the preset test step table includes at least one first sub-table, any of the first sub-tables has a sheet name, a column name of any of the first sub-tables includes the element, the operation, the numerical value and the page, and the processing module obtains, for any of the test cases, at least one set of test step data required for running the test case and recorded in the preset test step table, including: and acquiring the data recorded in the first sub-table with the sheet name being the same as the case name based on the case name of the test case so as to acquire the at least one group of test step data.
Optionally, the processing module determines, for any set of the test step data, the corresponding xpath content including: and acquiring the xpath content from a preset page data table based on the element content and the page content included in the test step data to determine corresponding xpath content, wherein the preset page data table comprises at least one second sub-table, any second sub-table has a sheet name, the column name in any second sub-table comprises the element and xpath, the sheet name of the second sub-table in which the acquired xpath content is located is identical to the page content included in the test step data, and the xpath content acquired in the second sub-table is in the same row as the element content included in the test step data.
Optionally, the processing module determines, for any set of the test step data, the corresponding branch of operation comprising: and determining the operation branch corresponding to the operation content included in the acquired test case data based on a preset corresponding relation between the operation content and the operation branch.
A third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the UI test method described above is implemented when the processor executes the program.
A fourth aspect of embodiments of the application provides a machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to be configured to perform the UI test method described above.
A fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the UI test method described above.
By the technical scheme, test step data required by running any test case are recorded in a preset test step table; at least one group of test step data recorded in a preset test step table is obtained aiming at any test case needing to be operated, wherein the at least one group of test step data are orderly, and the order is represented by the recorded sequence of the test step data in the preset test step table; for each set of test step data in the at least one set of test step data in turn, determining corresponding xpath content and an operation branch, and executing the determined operation branch based on the test step data and the determined xpath content. Thus, the running test case is realized. In addition, when the test case is operated, a tester does not need to write a large number of codes, and only needs to record the test step data of the operation test case in a preset test step table, so that the requirement on the tester is reduced, and the application range is enlarged. In addition, when the test scene is newly added or modified, the corresponding test step data is only required to be added or modified in the preset test step table, so that the test maintenance cost is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the application will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the embodiments of the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a flow diagram of a UI testing method for a Web page according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a logical schematic of a UI testing method for a Web page according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 3 schematically shows a block diagram of a UI test device of a Web page according to an embodiment of the present application; and
fig. 4 schematically shows an internal structural view of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
300. A UI testing device; 301. and a processing module.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the detailed description described herein is merely for illustrating and explaining the embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present application, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a UI testing method for a Web page.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flow diagram of a UI test method for a Web page according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a UI test method for a Web page, including the following. It should be noted that fig. 1 shows the content executed for any test case that needs to be executed, and the content shown in fig. 1 may be understood for any test case. In addition, in the embodiment of the application, the sequence among the test cases can be set when the test cases are operated, and each test case is operated according to the sequence; the test cases can also be randomly selected from the test cases which are not operated, and the test cases are operated through the random selection. Regardless of which test case is run, what needs to be performed for any test case can be understood from what is shown in fig. 1.
In step S10, at least one set of test step data required for running the test case recorded in the preset test step table is obtained, where a column name of the preset test step table includes: the testing step data comprises element content corresponding to the element, operation content corresponding to the operation, numerical value content corresponding to the numerical value and page content corresponding to the page.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, at least one set of test step data required for running test cases recorded in a preset test step table may be obtained by using a getDataExcel method. Alternatively, all the data recorded in the preset test step table may be acquired and stored, for example, in a data dictionary, and then at least one set of test step data required for running the test case is acquired from the stored data. Alternatively, at least one set of test step data required for running the test case may be directly obtained from the preset test step table.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the preset test step table may include at least one first sub-table, where any first sub-table has a sheet name, and a column name of any first sub-table includes an element, an operation, a numerical value, and a page. The test step data recorded in any first sub-table is the test step data corresponding to the test case with the same case name as the sheet name of the first sub-table. For any test case, at least one set of test step data may be obtained by the following. Based on the case name of the test case, acquiring data recorded in a first sub-table with the sheet name being the same as the case name, so as to acquire at least one group of test step data.
In step S11, for each set of test step data in the at least one set of test step data in turn, a corresponding xpath content and an operation branch are determined, and the determined operation branch is performed based on the test step data and the determined xpath content. In the preset test step table, each set of test step data corresponds to one row of content, and the execution sequence among at least one set of test step data may be the sequence recorded in the preset test step table according to at least one set of test step data.
Alternatively, in the embodiment of the present application, a first correspondence between the test step data and the xpath content may be preset, and the xpath content is determined according to the acquired test step data and the preset first correspondence. The xpath content is specific content corresponding to the xpath. Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, a second correspondence between element content and page content and xpath content may be preset, and corresponding xpath content is determined according to the element content and page content in each set of test step data and the second correspondence. In the case where the second correspondence relationship between the element content and the page content and the xpath content is preset, there are many forms, and a form of a table may be adopted, which is not limited thereto.
Alternatively, in the embodiment of the present application, a third correspondence between the test step data and the operation branch may be preset, so that the operation branch is determined according to the acquired test step data and the preset third correspondence. Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, a fourth correspondence between operation content and operation branches may be preset, and the corresponding operation branches are determined according to the operation content and the fourth correspondence included in the acquired test step data. Specifically, for any set of test step data, determining the corresponding branch of operation may include the following. And determining an operation branch corresponding to the operation content included in the acquired test case data based on a preset corresponding relation between the operation content and the operation branch.
By the technical scheme, test step data required by running any test case are recorded in a preset test step table; at least one group of test step data recorded in a preset test step table is obtained aiming at any test case needing to be operated, wherein the at least one group of test step data are orderly, and the order is represented by the recorded sequence of the test step data in the preset test step table; for each set of test step data in the at least one set of test step data in turn, determining corresponding xpath content and an operation branch, and executing the determined operation branch based on the test step data and the determined xpath content. Thus, the running test case is realized. In addition, when the test case is operated, a tester does not need to write a large number of codes, and only needs to record the test step data of the operation test case in a preset test step table, so that the requirement on the tester is reduced, and the application range is enlarged. In addition, when the test scene is newly added or modified, the corresponding test step data is only required to be added or modified in the preset test step table, so that the test maintenance cost is reduced.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a UI testing method for a Web page in one embodiment. It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 1 are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in sequence as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in fig. 1 may include multiple sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, nor do the order in which the sub-steps or stages are performed necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least a portion of other steps or sub-steps of other steps.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present application, determining the corresponding xpath content for any set of test step data may include the following. Based on the element content and the page content included in the test step data, the xpath content is acquired from a preset page data table to determine the corresponding xpath content, wherein the preset page data table comprises at least one second sub-table, any second sub-table has a sheet name, the column name in any second sub-table comprises the element and xpath, the sheet name of the second sub-table where the acquired xpath content is located is the same as the page content included in the test step data, and the xpath content acquired in the second sub-table is in the same row as the element content included in the test step data. Presetting a preset page data table, wherein the preset page data table comprises at least one second sub-table, each second sub-table is provided with a sheet name, the column name of each sub-table comprises elements and xpath, and the sheet name of the second sub-table corresponds to the page content in the test step data. Thus, for any set of test step data, corresponding xpath content can be determined according to the page content and the element content included in the test step data.
Alternatively, in the embodiment of the present application, an operation log may be recorded in addition to determining an operation branch and executing the determined operation branch.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, after all test cases to be run are run, a test report is generated. For example, by calling the beaufulreport module method, a test report is generated.
Fig. 2 schematically shows a logical schematic of a UI test method of a Web page according to an embodiment of the present application. An exemplary description of a UI test method for a Web page according to an embodiment of the present application is provided below with reference to fig. 2. Wherein, the possible explanation of the terms used in the embodiments of the present application refers to the following. beautifulReport: a test case template based on the unittest.TestResult module can integrate the results in the test into a visual HTML report. Selenium: the method is an automatic testing tool for Web application programs, provides a plurality of browser operation methods, and directly runs the test in the browser just like a real user operates the test; including Selenium webDriver, selenium IDE, selenium Grid. UnitTest: is a unit test framework that python is self-contained and functions as an automated script execution framework for testing to manage test cases. Selenium webDriver: a web automation test framework supports different browser operations and multiple programming languages. python: a programming language.
The UI automatic test method aiming at the Web page is more, the method aiming at the control object identification is special, the method aiming at the control object picture identification is special, the test method driven by the WEB terminal keyword is special, and the methods are only partial contents required by the UI automatic test, are not a complete test framework or system and cannot support the whole automatic test implementation flow. The embodiment of the application provides a python project based on Selenium. By using a python script, a python project suitable for UI automation test is constructed by encapsulating methods such as a WebDriver method of the Sepenium, an Excel operation file and the like, a complete UI automation test framework is constructed, functions such as one operation method corresponding to one control operation of different pages, excel case data reading, error reporting screenshot, log recording, automatic test report sending and the like are realized, and automatic test execution, control object identification, log recording and automatic test report sending can be realized. By using the method, a tester only needs to maintain test step data and object xpath data in excel, and can complete automatic test without writing codes, so that the labor cost of the tester can be greatly reduced, and the test efficiency is improved.
In the embodiment of the application, the python project includes 5 large directories, dataFile, errorPicture, log, report, src respectively, using excel for test data management. Through encapsulation of methods such as selenium, excel reading, page object operation standardization is achieved, and one type of control operation of different pages corresponds to one operation method. For example, the button clicking operations of different pages of different systems correspond to one operation method, so that when a test scene is newly added or the page operation is newly added, the control operation maintained by the page does not need to be newly added with codes. Through the engineering, the automatic work of testers can be quickly assisted, and the code maintenance cost and the labor cost are reduced.
The dataFile mainly stores test step data and xpath data (xpath content described in the above embodiment) of the page object, and uses excel management, including a preset test step table and a preset page data table. When a tester newly adds and modifies a test scene, a preset test step table is required to be maintained; when the xpath of the page object changes, the corresponding xpath data needs to be updated in the preset page data table. And by using excel management, the data change can be conveniently carried out by a tester, and the operation is simple. The column information in the preset test step table mainly comprises elements, operations, numerical values and pages, the preset test step table comprises a plurality of first sub-tables, each first sub-table is provided with a sheet name, and each sheet name corresponds to a case name of a test case. The column information in the preset page data table comprises elements and xpath, the preset page data table comprises a plurality of second sub-tables, each second sub-table corresponds to a sheet name, and each sheet name corresponds to a page content. In addition, the names of the element contents in the preset page data table are the same as those of the element contents in the preset test step table.
And in the test implementation process, the error picture of the page is automatically acquired by calling a beautfulreport method and is stored in the catalog. When the case fails to execute, the test implementation personnel can conveniently and quickly locate the failure reason.
The log catalog automatically stores the execution result of each step of test implementation, and when each step of operation is executed, a log module method in the uteis is called to record the execution result into a log file, and a txt file with date can be generated after each test execution is finished.
The report catalog automatically stores html test reports executed each time. And automatically generating a test report after the test execution is finished by calling a beautifulReport module method. Meanwhile, the report module method in the utes is called to automatically send to a designated QQ mailbox and/or WeChat, so that a tester is reminded of paying attention to the test report in time.
The src catalog is a core part in the whole engineering and comprises contents of packaging, data reading, page operation methods and the like of various methods. Mainly contains config, encapsulationData, encapsulationService, test, utils folders. config is a configuration file, and records url address information, database information, data table information, excel table header information, browser driving address, and mailbox receiving address information. encapsulation data is the encapsulation of database reading methods, including database queries, database insertion data, database update data, result returns, and the like. The encapsulation service is encapsulation of page operation methods, and comprises excel file reading, page operation according to read data and operation methods of various page controls. The utils is a public function library, and is used for packaging various general methods, including an excel data operation method, a webDriver operation browser method, a method for recording operation information into txt files and storing the operation information into a log catalog, a method for reading configuration files, a method for reporting and sending mails and the like. the test catalog mainly stores a case execution script run.py, and the test case script written by the unittest framework is used for controlling the execution case scope.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application mainly comprises the following contents. 1) The tester maintains two tables in the dataFile directory, and fills in test step data and xpath data respectively. The test cases are maintained in a preset test step table, and each row represents an interface operation, such as an interface input box input operation and an interface clicking a button. The preset page data table maintains the element location xpath of the test page, such as the user name and password input box of the first page login page and the xpath of the login button. 2) The tester manually double-clicks or automatically and periodically executes the run.py file under the test folder in the src directory in the present project. The project will automatically start running test cases contained in testservice.py files in the test folder and start the browser to execute the test. 3) Through the engineering, the system automatically traverses and reads each row of operation of the first sub-table corresponding to the sheet name of the preset test step table and the use case name of the test case by an encapsulation service method, and executes the operation in the browser in real time according to the operation recorded in the table, the positioning of each element of the interface is obtained by reading an element xpath maintained by the preset page data table until the last row of the current sheet page in the test step table is read, and one test scene is finished in an automatic test. After one sheet page is completed, the test operation in the rest sheet pages is continuously and automatically read, and the automatic test is completed in the browser. 4) When the page executes error reporting, the project can automatically intercept the error reporting page and keep the picture in an error picture folder, and finally, when a test report is sent out, the project can automatically acquire the screenshot in the catalog and embed the screenshot in the html page of the test report. After the error is reported, the case fails to be executed, and the engineering immediately terminates the following steps of the case to directly run the next test case. 5) After all cases are executed, the tester can go to the Report catalog to view the test Report. The report is an html report automatically generated by the beaufulreport module. 6) For the error reporting case, a tester can judge the error reporting reason through screenshot, and can check the Log file generated by looking up in the Log catalog, thereby checking which operation fails.
The following describes call logic of each functional module in the src directory during test execution with reference to fig. 2, so as to describe an exemplary UI test method for a Web page provided by the embodiment of the present application.
After run. Py starts the test, the testservice. Py file under the test directory is executed. The python file is a unittest test framework that is employed, specifying the case name of the test case that needs to be run. That is, the sheet name of the first sub-table of the preset test step table in the dataFile to be used is specified.
And starting to run 1 test case. The following may be referred to for running other test cases. In addition, the order between test cases to be run can be preset; the sequence before the test cases needing to be run can be omitted, and the test cases can be executed randomly. After the start, the project calls a getDataExcel method in an encapsulation service module, reads data in a first sub-table of a sheet name and a use case name of a test case in a preset test step table, and puts the read data into a data dictionary. The data dictionary is passed to the basePage module. File excel. Py of each type of method called excel read encapsulated in utiles in getDataExcel method. Data is read from a pre-set test step table based on file excel. Py.
After the basePage module acquires the data dictionary, the basePage module starts to traverse and read each key value pair in the data dictionary. Each key value pair actually corresponds to one row of data in the first sub-table, and corresponds to one group of test step data. And traversing the key value pairs according to the sequence of the corresponding row data in a preset test step table. Each key-value pair includes page content, element content, operation content, and numeric content. A plurality of operation branches are defined in the base Page module, and each type of operation corresponds to one operation branch. And each branch calls a related method in a webDriver file in the utils according to different operation contents and different python codes, the webDriver file encapsulates various operations to browser elements in the webDriver package, and each operation refers to a log module in the utils and records an operation log. The case checkpoint types, all written as needed, are different python codes. Corresponding to defining a preset correspondence between the operation content and the operation branches. For each key value pair, determining an operation branch according to the operation content included in the key value pair and a preset corresponding relation; meanwhile, a corresponding second sub-table is found in a preset page data table according to the page content included in the key value pair, and corresponding xpath content is determined in the found second table according to the element content included in the key value pair; and executing the determined operation branch according to the content and the xpath content included in the key value pair. For example, if the operation content is "input", the program will go to the operation branch corresponding to "input" in the module, and the page input box inputs the specified content. Specifically, the get_element_and_send_keys method in the webdriver.py file in the utiles is called, and dictionary median information is input into the browser. If the operation content is yes, the program will go to the operation branch corresponding to the 'pull-down item selection' of the module, and click on the designated content of the select pull-down frame. Specifically, a drop-down item corresponding to the get_select element_by_text method selection value in the webdriver.py file in the utils is called. If the operation content is "database query operation", the corresponding operation branch is "database execute SQL". Specifically, the database operation in the encapsulation data module is called, and the database is operated. The engineering currently covers 21 page element operation methods, each type of operation is applicable to different project groups, and when a test case is newly added, a script is not required to be added. Only a tester needs to newly add test data in the excel table, and the data can be automatically read and the browser operation can be realized through the engineering. In the embodiment of the present application, the preset correspondence between the operation content and the operation branch may be shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 preset correspondence between operating content and operating branches
| Sequence number | Content of operation | Inputting parameters | Type(s) | Operation branching |
| 1 | Input device | Input value | Page operation | Page entry box for entering specified content |
| 2 | The expected value is equal to real Value of the actual running | Desired content | Case checkpoints | Judging whether the text content of the element is consistent with the expected content, if so Success, failure of case execution |
| 3 | The expected value is not equal to Actual running value | Desired content | Case checkpoints | Determining whether the text content of the element is consistent with the expected content, if not Success is caused, failure of case execution is caused by coincidence |
| 4 | Obtaining element values | Page operation | Acquiring text values of page elements | |
| 5 | Drop down item selection | Selection item | Page operation | Clicking select drop down box specifies content |
| 6 | Waiting for | Latency time | Page operation | Pages wait for a period of time |
| 7 | Acquisition of element visibility Attributes of | Page operation | Obtaining visible attributes of page elements | |
| 8 | Desired value requirement Verification of judgment | Content, period of condition Hope value | Case checkpoints | The expected value of the page element is different according to the specified condition, and is expected Comparing the value with the actual valueIf the cases are consistent, the case execution is successful, otherwise, the execution fails |
| 9 | Returning to the previous page | Page operation | Returning to the last page | |
| 10 | Refreshing | Page operation | Refreshing pages | |
| 11 | Carriage return | Page operation | Click carriage return | |
| 12 | Mouse hover | Page operation | The mouse hovers over the page for a while | |
| 13 | Requiring conditional judgment Operation of | Conditions and operations | Page operation | When the condition is satisfied, an operation is performed |
| 14 | Switching framework | To which switching is required Frame | Page operation | Page switch to other frames |
| 15 | Refreshing pages | Page operation | Refreshing pages | |
| 16 | Acquisition of audio/video Progress of playing | Page operation | Acquiring playing progress of audio/video | |
| 17 | Video playing method Degree of inequality of | Case checkpoints | Judging whether the video playing progress is not equal to the expected value, if so, then Case execution is successful, otherwise case execution fails | |
| 18 | Execution of conditional judgment Row of lines | Conditional content | Page operation | If a certain condition is satisfiedContinuing execution, if not, performing case End of line |
| 19 | End of cycle | Page operation | Case stop execution | |
| 20 | Clicking | Page operation | Clicking on an element on a page | |
| 21 | Database operations | Database operations | Database execution SQL |
If the test execution fails, the engineering can call the Beautifurport. Add_test_img method, automatically screen-capturing the current failure reporting page, stopping executing the current test case, and continuing the execution of the next test case.
After all test cases are executed, the engineering can call the Beau fulReport method to generate a test report.
In addition, the test case execution can be automatically initiated by a run.py file in double-click engineering, or can be initiated by adding a timing task in a task planning program in a computer control panel.
In summary, the key content of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the following aspects. 1) By constructing a python project based on selenium, a UI automatic test method supporting WEB pages is provided, page control objects are standardized, different page type controls are supported to correspond to an operation method, excel management test case data is used, test implementation personnel can easily execute test and maintain the test data without writing codes, automatic test threshold and labor cost are greatly reduced, and test efficiency is improved. 2) The python project is a complete set of UI automation test frameworks for web pages. The directory includes dataFile, errorPicture, log, report, src. Wherein config, encapsulationData, encapsulationService, test, utils is included in the src directory. Each catalog is responsible for a single functional module of the whole automatic test system, so that functional modularization is realized. Through the modular directory structure and functionality, execution, logging, report sending of the entire automated test can be initiated through execution of the run. Py file in the project.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the operation methods of various browser objects are standardized through packaging the WebDriver method, the excel operation method, the Unittest method, the BeautifullReport and other methods, so that only one operation method is corresponding to one control of different pages, and a new code is not needed when a new test scene is realized. In the whole implementation process, a tester only needs to maintain case data and browser objects Xpath in an excel table, and even if the tester lacks a technical background, the tester can easily implement automatic test, so that the test implementation cost is reduced.
Accordingly, a second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a UI test device for a Web page.
Fig. 3 schematically shows a block diagram of a UI test device of a Web page according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the UI test device 300 includes a processing module 301. The processing module 301 is configured to obtain, for any test case that needs to be run, at least one set of test step data required for running the test case recorded in a preset test step table, where a column name of the preset test step table includes: the method comprises the steps of testing elements, operations, values and pages, wherein any group of testing step data comprises element contents corresponding to the elements, operation contents corresponding to the operations, value contents corresponding to the values and page contents corresponding to the pages; and determining corresponding xpath content and operation branches for each set of test step data in turn of the at least one set of test step data, and executing the determined operation branches based on the test step data and the determined xpath content.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the preset test step table includes at least one first sub-table, any first sub-table has a sheet name, a column name of any first sub-table includes an element, an operation, a numerical value, and a page, and the processing module obtains, for any test case, at least one set of test step data required for running the test case recorded in the preset test step table, including: based on the case name of the test case, acquiring data recorded in a first sub-table with the sheet name being the same as the case name, so as to acquire at least one group of test step data.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the determining, by the processing module, the corresponding xpath content for any set of test step data includes: based on the element content and the page content included in the test step data, the xpath content is acquired from a preset page data table to determine the corresponding xpath content, wherein the preset page data table comprises at least one second sub-table, any second sub-table has a sheet name, the column name in any second sub-table comprises the element and xpath, the sheet name of the second sub-table where the acquired xpath content is located is the same as the page content included in the test step data, and the xpath content acquired in the second sub-table is in the same row as the element content included in the test step data.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the processing module determines, for any set of test step data, a corresponding operation branch including: and determining an operation branch corresponding to the operation content included in the acquired test case data based on a preset corresponding relation between the operation content and the operation branch.
The specific working principle and benefits of the UI test device for Web pages provided by the embodiment of the present application are similar to those of the UI test method for Web pages provided by the embodiment of the present application, and will not be described herein.
The UI testing device comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processing modules and the like are stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program modules stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.
The processor includes a kernel, and the kernel fetches the corresponding program unit from the memory. The kernel can be provided with one or more than one, and the UI testing method of the Web page is realized by adjusting kernel parameters.
The memory may include volatile memory, random Access Memory (RAM), and/or nonvolatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), among other forms in computer readable media, the memory including at least one memory chip.
A third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the UI test method described in the above embodiment when executing the program.
A fourth aspect of embodiments of the application provides a machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to be configured to perform the UI test method described in the above embodiments.
A fifth aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the UI test method described in the above embodiments.
A sixth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a processor, where the processor is configured to execute a program, where the program executes the UI test method described in the foregoing embodiments.
A seventh aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer device, which may be a server, and an internal structure diagram thereof may be as shown in fig. 4. The computer device includes a processor a01, a network interface a02, a memory (not shown) and a database (not shown) connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor a01 of the computer device is adapted to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes internal memory a03 and nonvolatile storage medium a04. The nonvolatile storage medium a04 stores an operating system B01, a computer program B02, and a database (not shown in the figure). The internal memory a03 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system B01 and the computer program B02 in the nonvolatile storage medium a04. The database of the computer device is for storage. The network interface a02 of the computer device is used for communication with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program B02, when executed by the processor a01, implements a UI test method.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the architecture shown in fig. 4 is merely a block diagram of some of the architecture relevant to the present inventive arrangements and is not limiting as to the computer device to which the present inventive arrangements are applicable, and that a particular computer device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine some of the components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, the UI test device provided by the present application may be implemented in the form of a computer program that can run on a computer device as shown in fig. 4. The memory of the computer device may store the various program modules that make up the UI testing device. The computer program constituted by the respective program modules causes the processor to execute the steps in the UI test method of the respective embodiments of the present application described in the present specification.
An eighth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus, where the apparatus includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the UI test method described in the foregoing embodiment when executing the program.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer-readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory, etc., such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media include both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage may be implemented by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, does not include transitory computer-readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises an element.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the application are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A UI test method for a Web page, the UI test method comprising:
for any test case that needs to be run,
acquiring at least one group of test step data required for running the test case and recorded in a preset test step table, wherein the column name of the preset test step table comprises: the testing step data comprise elements, operations, values and pages, wherein any group of testing step data comprises element contents corresponding to the elements, operation contents corresponding to the operations, value contents corresponding to the values and page contents corresponding to the pages; and
Determining, for each set of test step data of the at least one set of test step data in turn, a corresponding xpath content and an operation branch, and executing the determined operation branch based on the test step data and the determined xpath content,
wherein, for any group of the test step data, determining the corresponding xpath content includes: and acquiring the xpath content from a preset page data table based on the element content and the page content included in the test step data so as to determine the corresponding xpath content.
2. The UI test method according to claim 1, wherein the preset test step table includes at least one first sub-table, any of the first sub-tables has a sheet name, a column name of any of the first sub-tables includes the element, the operation, the numerical value, and the page, and the obtaining, for any of the test cases, at least one set of test step data required to run the test case described in the preset test step table includes:
and acquiring the data recorded in the first sub-table with the sheet name being the same as the case name based on the case name of the test case so as to acquire the at least one group of test step data.
3. The UI test method according to claim 1, wherein the preset page data table includes at least one second sub-table, any of the second sub-tables having a sheet name, the column name in any of the second sub-tables including the element and xpath, the sheet name of the second sub-table in which the acquired xpath content is located being the same as the page content included in the test step data and the xpath content acquired in the second sub-table being in the same line as the element content included in the test step data.
4. The UI test method according to claim 1, wherein determining the corresponding operation branch for any one of the sets of the test step data comprises:
and determining the operation branch corresponding to the operation content included in the acquired test case data based on a preset corresponding relation between the operation content and the operation branch.
5. A UI test device for Web pages, the UI test device comprising:
a processing module for aiming at any test case needing to be operated,
acquiring at least one group of test step data required for running the test case and recorded in a preset test step table, wherein the column name of the preset test step table comprises: the testing step data comprise elements, operations, values and pages, wherein any group of testing step data comprises element contents corresponding to the elements, operation contents corresponding to the operations, value contents corresponding to the values and page contents corresponding to the pages; and
Determining, for each set of test step data of the at least one set of test step data in turn, a corresponding xpath content and an operation branch, and executing the determined operation branch based on the test step data and the determined xpath content,
wherein, for any group of the test step data, determining the corresponding xpath content includes: and acquiring the xpath content from a preset page data table based on the element content and the page content included in the test step data so as to determine the corresponding xpath content.
6. The UI test device according to claim 5, wherein the preset test step table includes at least one first sub-table, any of the first sub-tables has a sheet name, a column name of any of the first sub-tables includes the element, the operation, the numerical value, and the page, and the processing module obtains, for any of the test cases, at least one set of test step data required to run the test case described in the preset test step table, including:
and acquiring the data recorded in the first sub-table with the sheet name being the same as the case name based on the case name of the test case so as to acquire the at least one group of test step data.
7. The UI test device according to claim 5, wherein the preset page data table includes at least one second sub-table, any of the second sub-tables having a sheet name, the column name in any of the second sub-tables including the element and xpath, the sheet name of the second sub-table in which the acquired xpath content is located being the same as the page content included in the test step data and the xpath content acquired in the second sub-table being in the same line as the element content included in the test step data.
8. The UI test device of claim 5, wherein the processing module determining the corresponding branch of operation for any set of the test step data comprises:
and determining the operation branch corresponding to the operation content included in the acquired test case data based on a preset corresponding relation between the operation content and the operation branch.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor, a memory and a program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, the processor implementing the UI test method of any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the program.
10. A machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by a processor cause the processor to be configured to perform the UI test method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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