CN116243059A - Antenna near-field testing method based on Redburg atoms - Google Patents
Antenna near-field testing method based on Redburg atoms Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna near-field testing method based on a Redberg atom, which comprises the following steps: the microwave radiation device controls the antenna to be tested to radiate electromagnetic waves to the atomic air chamber at each preset position on the scanning frame, and controls the auxiliary antenna to radiate auxiliary electromagnetic waves to the atomic air chamber so as to obtain an superimposed field of the antenna to be tested at each preset position; acquiring target detection light passing through the atomic air chamber based on an superimposed field of the preset positions until the target detection light of each preset position is obtained and injected into the signal receiving device; the signal receiving device converts each target detection light to obtain a corresponding detection light transmission curve, and obtains target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected from the detection light transmission curve based on a microwave heterodyne method until the target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at each preset position are obtained. According to the invention, the near field test of the antenna is realized by collecting the amplitude and the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field component with high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna near field testing, in particular to an antenna near field testing method based on a Redburg atom.
Background
In the current antenna near field test, most of the probes are selected from metal dipole antennas and metal waveguide probes. The probes mainly convert electromagnetic signals into current signals through an electromagnetic induction principle, and then the amplitude and phase information of the electromagnetic field to be measured are obtained through analysis of some circuits. Because the probe is made of metal materials, larger interference can be generated on the distribution of the electric field to be tested, the electric field to be tested excites the metal materials to generate a new electric field, and the measured electric field is actually an superimposed field, so that the measured result can not well reflect the true value of the electric field to be tested, and a certain influence is generated on the test. Since the currently used metal probe is difficult to achieve omnidirectionality, the test result often needs to be corrected for the probe directivity error.
When the traditional metal probe extracts the amplitude and phase information of the electric field in the test result, a complex circuit is often needed, for example, a complex bridge circuit is needed in the phase extraction, the corresponding phase information is obtained by a differential method, the cost is high, and two sets of independent circuits are needed for extracting the phase and the amplitude information respectively. The traditional test of the non-traceable property of the metal probe has low test sensitivity of amplitude, and the metal probe is difficult to obtain a test pattern with an ultra-low side lobe antenna more accurately.
Therefore, it is needed to provide a technical solution to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an antenna near-field testing method based on a Redberg atom.
The technical scheme of the antenna near-field testing method based on the Redberg atoms is as follows:
when an antenna to be measured is positioned at any preset position on a scanning frame, a microwave radiation device controls the transmitting end of the antenna to be measured to be aligned with a target point on an atomic air chamber, controls the antenna to be measured to radiate electromagnetic waves to the target point through a first microwave signal generator, and controls an auxiliary antenna to radiate auxiliary electromagnetic waves to the target point through a second microwave signal generator so as to obtain a target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position at the target point until a target superimposed field corresponding to each preset position of the antenna to be measured on the scanning frame is obtained; wherein the microwave radiation device comprises: the antenna to be tested, the auxiliary antenna, the first microwave signal generator, the second microwave signal generator and the scanning frame are arranged on the scanning frame, and the antenna to be tested is used for performing near field test;
the atomic gas chamber acquires target detection light passing through the atomic gas chamber based on a target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position until the target detection light corresponding to each preset position is obtained, and the target detection light is injected into the signal receiving device; wherein the atomic gas chamber contains alkali metal atoms in a Redberg state;
the signal receiving device converts the target detection light corresponding to any preset position to obtain a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position, and obtains the target parameters of the electromagnetic waves to be detected corresponding to any preset position from the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position based on a microwave heterodyne method until the target parameters of the electromagnetic waves to be detected corresponding to each preset position are obtained.
The antenna near-field testing method based on the Redberg atoms has the following beneficial effects:
the method realizes the high-precision acquisition of the amplitude and the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field component by a microwave heterodyne method; meanwhile, by changing the frequencies of the detection light and the coupling light, the alkali metal atoms in the ground state are excited to different intermediate states and the Redburg state, so that the near-field test of the electromagnetic wave with a wide frequency range is realized, and the problems that the metal probe needs to be additionally corrected, the interference of the probe on the electromagnetic field to be tested is eliminated, the volume is large, and the electromagnetic field to be tested cannot be equivalent to an ideal point source in the low-frequency test are solved.
Based on the scheme, the antenna near-field testing method based on the Redberg atoms can be improved as follows.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the atomic gas chamber receives target detection light and target coupling light, excites the alkali metal atoms from a ground state to an intermediate state according to the target detection light, and excites the alkali metal atoms from the intermediate state to a Redberg state according to the target coupling light, so that the atomic gas chamber couples the received electromagnetic waves.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the detection light frequency locking device carries out frequency locking treatment on original detection light emitted by the detection laser to obtain target detection light and outputs the target detection light to the atomic gas chamber;
and the coupled light frequency locking device carries out frequency locking treatment on the original coupled light emitted by the coupled laser to obtain target coupled light and outputs the target coupled light to the atomic gas chamber.
Further, the step of performing frequency locking processing on the original detection light emitted by the detection laser by the detection light frequency locking device to obtain target detection light and outputting the target detection light to the atomic gas chamber includes:
performing frequency locking treatment on original detection light emitted by the detection laser, sequentially processing the original detection light by a PBS infrared spectroscope, a first infrared reflecting mirror, an infrared collimating mirror, an infrared polarization maintaining optical fiber, an infrared optical fiber connector and a second infrared reflecting mirror to obtain target detection light, and outputting the target detection light to the atomic gas chamber;
the step of performing frequency locking processing on original coupled light emitted by a coupled laser by the coupled light frequency locking device to obtain target coupled light and outputting the target coupled light to the atomic gas chamber comprises the following steps:
and carrying out frequency locking treatment on the original coupled light emitted by the coupled laser, and sequentially treating the original coupled light by a PBS green beam splitter, a first green reflecting mirror, a green collimating mirror, a green polarization maintaining optical fiber, a green optical fiber connector and a second green reflecting mirror to obtain the target coupled light and outputting the target coupled light to the atomic gas chamber.
Further, the signal receiving apparatus includes: the target parameters comprise: a target amplitude and a target phase; the method further comprises the steps of:
the photoelectric detector receives and converts target detection light corresponding to any preset position, and obtains and sends a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any near-field preset position in an electric signal form to the oscilloscope;
the oscilloscope displays a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position, so that a first amplitude value and a first phase of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at any preset position are obtained from the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position based on the microwave heterodyne method, a target amplitude value of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at any preset position is obtained according to the first amplitude value, and a target phase of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at any preset position is obtained according to the first phase.
Further, the signal receiving apparatus further includes: a signal generator; the method further comprises the steps of:
and the signal generator sends a trigger signal to the oscilloscope so that the oscilloscope displays the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position.
Further, the alkali metal atom is: rubidium or cesium.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the signal receiving device obtains a far field pattern of the antenna to be tested based on a near-far field transformation formula and target parameters of electromagnetic waves to be tested at each preset position.
The technical scheme of the antenna near-field test system based on the Redberg atoms is as follows:
comprising the following steps: the device comprises a microwave radiation device comprising an antenna to be detected, an auxiliary antenna, a first microwave signal generator, a second microwave signal generator and a scanning frame, a signal receiving device and an atomic gas chamber filled with alkali metal atoms; the first microwave signal generator is connected with the antenna to be tested, the second microwave signal generator is connected with the auxiliary antenna, the antenna to be tested is arranged on the scanning frame, and the antenna to be tested is used for performing near field test;
the microwave radiation device is used for: when the antenna to be measured is positioned at any preset position on the scanning frame, controlling the transmitting end of the antenna to be measured to be aligned with a target point on the atomic air chamber, controlling the antenna to be measured to radiate electromagnetic waves to the target point through the first microwave signal generator, and controlling the auxiliary antenna to radiate auxiliary electromagnetic waves to the target point through the second microwave signal generator so as to obtain a target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position at the target point until a target superimposed field corresponding to each preset position of the antenna to be measured on the scanning frame is obtained;
the atomic gas cell is used for: acquiring target detection light passing through the atomic gas chamber based on the target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position until the target detection light corresponding to each preset position is obtained, and injecting the target detection light corresponding to each preset position into the signal receiving device; wherein the atomic gas chamber contains alkali metal atoms in a Redberg state;
the signal receiving device is used for: converting the target detection light corresponding to any preset position to obtain a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position, and acquiring target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected corresponding to any preset position from the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position based on a microwave heterodyne method until the target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected corresponding to each preset position are obtained.
The antenna near-field test system based on the Redberg atoms has the following beneficial effects:
the system realizes the high-precision acquisition of the amplitude and the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field component by a microwave heterodyne method; meanwhile, by changing the frequencies of the detection light and the coupling light, the alkali metal atoms in the ground state are excited to different intermediate states and the Redburg state, so that the near-field test of the electromagnetic wave with a wide frequency range is realized, and the problems that the metal probe needs to be additionally corrected, the interference of the probe on the electromagnetic field to be tested is eliminated, the volume is large, and the electromagnetic field to be tested cannot be equivalent to an ideal point source in the low-frequency test are solved.
Based on the scheme, the antenna near-field test system based on the Redberg atoms can be improved as follows.
Further, the atomic gas chamber is further configured to:
and receiving target detection light and target coupling light, exciting the alkali metal atoms from a ground state to an intermediate state according to the target detection light, and exciting the alkali metal atoms from the intermediate state to a Redberg state according to the target coupling light, so that the atomic gas chamber couples the received electromagnetic waves.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a near field antenna testing method based on a reed burg atom according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a specific block diagram of an atomic gas chamber in an embodiment of a method for near-field testing of an antenna based on a Redberg atom provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 shows an energy level diagram of a reed-burg atom in an embodiment of a method for near-field testing of an antenna based on the reed-burg atom according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a specific block diagram of an atomic gas chamber in an embodiment of a method for near-field testing of an antenna based on a Redberg atom provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of probe light projections at a plurality of locations in an embodiment of a method for near field testing of an antenna based on a Redberg atom provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing target amplitude profiles for each preset location in an embodiment of a method for near field testing of an antenna based on a Redberg atom according to the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an antenna near field test system based on a reed burg atom.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a near field antenna testing method based on a reed burg atom. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
s1, when an antenna 111 to be measured is positioned at any preset position on a scanning frame 115, a microwave radiation device 110 controls the transmitting end of the antenna 111 to be measured to be aligned with a target point on an atomic air chamber 130, controls the antenna 111 to be measured to radiate electromagnetic waves to the target point through a first microwave signal generator 113, and controls an auxiliary antenna 112 to radiate auxiliary electromagnetic waves to the target point through a second microwave signal generator 114, so as to obtain a target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position at the target point until a target superimposed field corresponding to each preset position of the antenna 111 to be measured on the scanning frame 115 is obtained; wherein the microwave irradiation device 110 includes: the antenna to be tested 111, the auxiliary antenna 112, the first microwave signal generator 113, the second microwave signal generator 114 and the scanning frame 115, wherein the antenna to be tested 111 is arranged on the scanning frame 115, and the antenna to be tested 111 is used for performing near field test.
Wherein, (1) the preset position is: when the antenna to be measured moves on the scanning frame and any sampling point on the scanning frame is horizontally aligned with the target point on the stationary atomic air chamber, the position of the antenna to be measured is located. (2) The target point of the atomic gas chamber is: and the transmitting end of the antenna to be measured is always aligned with the target point at any point on the atomic air chamber. (3) The electromagnetic wave to be measured and the auxiliary electromagnetic wave are synchronously transmitted through the microwave signal generator respectively, the radiation frequencies of the electromagnetic wave to be measured and the auxiliary electromagnetic wave are different by 1KHz, and the power of the electromagnetic wave to be measured and the auxiliary electromagnetic wave are very different. (4) The target superimposed field is: an electric field generated by superposition of an electric field to be detected generated by the electromagnetic wave to be detected at the target point and an auxiliary electric field generated by the auxiliary electromagnetic wave at the target point.
Specifically, when the antenna 111 to be measured moves to any preset position on the gantry 115, the microwave radiation device 110 controls any sampling point on the gantry 115 to be horizontally aligned with the target point on the original air chamber 130, at this time, the transmitting end of the antenna 111 to be measured is controlled to be aligned with the target point on the atomic air chamber 130, the first microwave signal generator 113 controls the antenna 111 to be measured to radiate the electromagnetic wave to the target point, the second microwave signal generator 114 controls the auxiliary antenna 112 to radiate the auxiliary electromagnetic wave to the target point, so as to obtain a target superimposed field corresponding to the preset position at the target point, and the above-mentioned method is repeated until a target superimposed field corresponding to each preset position (i.e. each sampling point on the gantry 115) of the antenna 111 to be measured is obtained.
S2, the atomic gas chamber 130 acquires target detection light passing through the atomic gas chamber 130 based on the target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position until the target detection light corresponding to each preset position is obtained, and the target detection light is injected into the signal receiving device 120; wherein the atomic gas chamber 130 contains alkali metal atoms in a reed burg state.
Wherein, (1) the alkali metal atoms contained in the atomic gas chamber 130 are alkali metal atoms in the reed burg state, and the specific structure of the atomic gas chamber 130 is shown in fig. 2; the alkali metal atoms are: rubidium or cesium, and cesium atoms are exemplified in this example. (2) The target detection light is as follows: the probe light emitted to the atomic gas cell by the probe light laser. (3) The transmittance relation between the target superimposed field and the target probe light passing through the atomic gas chamber is:
wherein the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be measured is omega F ＝2πf F Frequency omega of auxiliary electromagnetic wave H ＝2πf H The phase difference of the electromagnetic wave to be measured and the auxiliary electromagnetic wave is delta phi=phi F -φ H Electric field E to be measured of electromagnetic wave to be measured 1 ＝E F cos(ω F t+f V ) Auxiliary electric field E for auxiliary electromagnetic wave 2 ＝E H cos(ω H t+φ H )。
Specifically, the atomic gas chamber 130 acquires the target probe light passing through the atomic gas chamber 130, acquires the target probe light passing through the atomic gas chamber 130 based on a target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position, and injects the target probe light at the preset position into the signal receiving device 120; the above-described manner is repeated until the target probe light of each preset position is injected into the signal receiving device 120.
S3, the signal receiving device 120 converts the target detection light corresponding to any preset position to obtain a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position, and obtains the target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected corresponding to any preset position from the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position based on a microwave heterodyne method until the target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected corresponding to each preset position are obtained.
Wherein (1) the target parameters include: a target amplitude and a target phase. (2) The detected light transmission curve is: the transmission curve in the form of a low frequency cosine obtained after the target probe light passes through the atomic gas cell 130. (3) The principle of extracting the target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected by the microwave heterodyne method is as follows: the amplitude of the transmission curve is in direct proportion to the electric field component in the electromagnetic wave to be detected, and the electric field is calibrated and calculated by using the EIT phenomenon, so that the intensity E of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave to be detected can be obtained according to the amplitude of the transmission curve of the detection light H The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The initial phase delta of the transmission curve is the phase difference delta between the auxiliary electromagnetic wave and the detected electromagnetic wave φ 。
Specifically, converting target detection light corresponding to any preset position to obtain a detection light transmission curve corresponding to the preset position, and acquiring a target amplitude and a target phase of electromagnetic waves to be detected corresponding to the preset position from the detection light transmission curve corresponding to the preset position based on a microwave heterodyne method; repeating the mode until the target amplitude and the target phase of the electromagnetic wave to be detected corresponding to each preset position are obtained.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the atomic gas cell 130 receives target detection light and target coupling light, excites the alkali metal atoms from a ground state to an intermediate state according to the target detection light, and excites the alkali metal atoms from the intermediate state to a reed burg state according to the target coupling light, so that the atomic gas cell 130 couples the received electromagnetic waves.
Wherein (1) the wavelength of the received target probe light is stabilized at 852nm, and cesium atoms in the atomic gas chamber 130 can be moved from the ground state 6S 1/2 Excited to intermediate state 6P 3/2 . (2) Wavelength stabilization of received target coupled lightAt 509nm, cesium atoms in the atomic gas chamber 130 can be removed from the intermediate state 6P 3/2 Excited to the Redberg state 69D 5/2 。
Fig. 3 shows an energy level diagram of a reed-burg atom. Specifically, two laser beams (target detection light and target coupling light) are simultaneously propagated toward each other and pass through the atomic gas chamber 130 containing cesium atoms, and the two laser beams are overlapped on a transmission path so that the target detection light can excite the cesium atoms to an intermediate state, and the target coupling light excites the cesium atoms to a reed burg state so that the cesium atoms in the reed burg state can couple the received electromagnetic waves.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the detection light frequency locking device 160 performs frequency locking processing on the original detection light emitted by the detection laser 140, so as to obtain target detection light and output the target detection light to the atomic gas chamber 130.
Wherein, the original probe light is: the wavelength of the original probe light emitted by the probe laser 140 is not limited herein and may be higher or lower than the target probe light.
Specifically, the original probe light emitted from the probe laser 140 is subjected to frequency locking processing by the probe light frequency locking device 160 to obtain target probe light with a wavelength stabilized around 852nm, and the target probe light is output to the atomic gas chamber 130.
The coupled light frequency locking device 170 performs frequency locking processing on the original coupled light emitted by the coupled laser 150, so as to obtain target coupled light, and outputs the target coupled light to the atomic gas chamber 130.
Wherein, the original coupled light is: the wavelength of the coupled light emitted by the coupled laser 150, which is not limited herein, may be higher or lower than the target coupled light.
Specifically, the original coupled light emitted from the coupled laser 150 is subjected to frequency locking processing by the coupled light frequency locking device 170 to obtain target coupled light with a wavelength stabilized around 509nm, and the target coupled light is output to the atomic gas cell 130.
Preferably, the step of performing frequency locking processing on the original detection light emitted by the detection laser by the detection light frequency locking device to obtain target detection light and outputting the target detection light to the atomic gas chamber includes:
the detection light frequency locking device 160 performs frequency locking treatment on the original detection light emitted by the detection laser 140, and sequentially processes the original detection light through the PBS infrared spectroscope 280, the first infrared reflecting mirror 180, the infrared collimating mirror 190, the infrared polarization maintaining optical fiber 200, the infrared optical fiber connector 210 and the second infrared reflecting mirror 220 to obtain target detection light, and outputs the target detection light to the atomic gas chamber 130.
The step of performing frequency locking processing on original coupled light emitted by a coupled laser by the coupled light frequency locking device to obtain target coupled light and outputting the target coupled light to the atomic gas chamber comprises the following steps:
the coupled light frequency locking device 170 performs frequency locking treatment on the original coupled light emitted by the coupled laser 150, and sequentially processes the original coupled light through the PBS green beam splitter 290, the first green beam reflector 230, the green beam collimator 240, the green polarization maintaining fiber 250, the green fiber connector 260 and the second green beam reflector 270 to obtain target coupled light, and outputs the target coupled light to the atomic gas chamber 130.
Wherein (1) a first infrared light mirror 180 is used to: the received probe light is emitted to adjust the propagation direction of the probe light. (2) The infrared light collimator lens 190 is for: the waveform of the received probe light is adjusted to concentrate the probe light. (3) The infrared polarization maintaining fiber 200 is used for: the probe light is transmitted through the optical fiber and the polarization characteristic of the laser light before being incident on the optical fiber is maintained. (4) An infrared fiber connector 210 is used to connect optical fibers. (5) The second infrared light mirror 220 is for: the received detection light is reflected to adjust the propagation direction of the detection light. (6) The first green light mirror 230 is for: the received coupled light is reflected to adjust the propagation direction of the coupled light. (7) The green collimator 240 is for: the waveform of the received coupled light is adjusted to concentrate the coupled light. (8) The green light polarization maintaining fiber 250 is used for: the coupled light is transmitted through the optical fiber and the polarization characteristic of the laser light before being incident on the optical fiber is maintained. (9) Green fiber optic connector 260 is used to connect the optical fibers. A second green light mirror 270 is used to: the received coupled light is reflected to adjust the propagation direction of the coupled light. The PBS infrared beam splitter 280 is used to: the detection light is divided into two paths of polarized light in horizontal and vertical directions, one path enters the detection light frequency locking device 160, and the other path enters the detection light path, and one polarized direction of the detection light is selected. The PBS green beamsplitter 290 is used to: the coupled light is split into two paths of polarized light, namely horizontal and vertical, one path of polarized light enters the coupled light frequency locking device 170, and the other path of polarized light enters the coupled light path, and one polarized direction of the coupled light is selected.
Preferably, the signal receiving apparatus 120 includes: a photodetector 121 and an oscilloscope 122.
The method further comprises the steps of:
the photodetector 121 receives and converts the target detection light corresponding to any one of the preset positions, and obtains and sends a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any one of the near-field preset positions in the form of an electrical signal to the oscilloscope 122.
The (1) fig. 4 shows the projection curves of the probe light at the positions 180mm, 230mm, 270mm and 320mm away from the target point, and the frequency of the antenna to be measured is 1.7-2.6GHz. (2) Fig. 5 shows a distribution diagram of target phases at respective preset positions, and fig. 6 shows a distribution diagram of target amplitudes at respective preset positions.
The oscilloscope 122 displays the detected light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position, so as to obtain a first amplitude and a first phase of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at any preset position from the detected light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position based on the microwave heterodyne method, obtain a target amplitude of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at any preset position according to the first amplitude, and obtain a target phase of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at any preset position according to the first phase.
Wherein the first amplitude of the electromagnetic wave to be measured at any preset position is in direct proportion to the target amplitude, and the electric field strength E of the electromagnetic wave to be measured can be obtained according to the first amplitude of the detection light transmission curve by calibrating and calculating the electric field by using the EIT phenomenon H The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The initial phase delta of the detection light transmission curve is the phase difference (first phase) delta between the auxiliary electromagnetic wave and the detection electromagnetic wave φ Then the auxiliary electromagnetic wave obtained from each preset position and the detected electromagnetic wave are used forWave phase difference delta φ The normalization processing is performed to obtain a relative phase difference (target phase) for each preset position.
Preferably, the signal receiving apparatus 120 further includes: a signal generator 123.
The method further comprises the steps of:
the signal generator 123 sends a trigger signal to the oscilloscope 122, so that the oscilloscope 122 displays the detected light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position.
Wherein, the trigger signal is: a 1KHz signal.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the signal receiving device obtains a far-field directional diagram of the antenna to be tested based on a near-far-field transformation formula and target parameters of electromagnetic waves to be tested at each preset position.
The near-far field transformation formula is a general formula in the field, and is not repeated here.
The technical scheme of the embodiment realizes the high-precision acquisition of the amplitude and the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field component through a microwave heterodyne method; meanwhile, by changing the frequencies of the detection light and the coupling light, the alkali metal atoms in the ground state are excited to different intermediate states and the Redburg state, so that the near-field test of the electromagnetic wave with a wide frequency range is realized, and the problems that the metal probe needs to be additionally corrected, the interference of the probe on the electromagnetic field to be tested is eliminated, the volume is large, and the electromagnetic field to be tested cannot be equivalent to an ideal point source in the low-frequency test are solved.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a near field antenna test system based on a reed burg atom according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the system 100 includes: a microwave radiation device 110 including an antenna 111 to be measured, an auxiliary antenna 112, a first microwave signal generator 113, a second microwave signal generator 114, and a scanning frame 115, a signal receiving device 120, and an atomic gas chamber 130 filled with alkali metal atoms; the first microwave signal generator 113 is connected to the antenna 111 to be tested, the second microwave signal generator 114 is connected to the auxiliary antenna 112, the antenna 111 to be tested is disposed on the scanning frame 115, and the antenna 111 to be tested is used for performing near field test.
The microwave irradiation device 110 is used for: when the antenna 111 to be measured is at any preset position on the scanning frame 115, the transmitting end of the antenna 111 to be measured is controlled to be aligned with the target point on the atomic air chamber 130, the first microwave signal generator 113 is used for controlling the antenna 111 to be measured to radiate the electromagnetic wave to be measured to the target point, and the second microwave signal generator 114 is used for controlling the auxiliary antenna 112 to radiate the auxiliary electromagnetic wave to the target point, so as to obtain a target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position at the target point until a target superimposed field corresponding to each preset position of the antenna 111 to be measured on the scanning frame 115 is obtained.
The atomic gas chamber 130 is configured to: and acquiring target detection light passing through the atomic gas chamber 130 based on the target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position until target detection light corresponding to each preset position is obtained, and injecting the target detection light corresponding to each preset position into the signal receiving device 120.
The signal receiving apparatus 120 is configured to: converting the target detection light corresponding to any preset position to obtain a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position, and acquiring target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected corresponding to any preset position from the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position based on a microwave heterodyne method until the target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected corresponding to each preset position are obtained.
Preferably, the atomic gas chamber 130 is further configured to:
receiving target detection light and target coupling light, exciting the alkali metal atoms from a ground state to an intermediate state according to the target detection light, and exciting the alkali metal atoms from the intermediate state to a reed burg state according to the target coupling light, so that the atomic gas cell 130 couples the received electromagnetic waves.
The technical scheme of the embodiment realizes the high-precision acquisition of the amplitude and the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field component through a microwave heterodyne method; meanwhile, by changing the frequencies of the detection light and the coupling light, the alkali metal atoms in the ground state are excited to different intermediate states and the Redburg state, so that the near-field test of the electromagnetic wave with a wide frequency range is realized, and the problems that the metal probe needs to be additionally corrected, the interference of the probe on the electromagnetic field to be tested is eliminated, the volume is large, and the electromagnetic field to be tested cannot be equivalent to an ideal point source in the low-frequency test are solved.
The above-mentioned parameters and corresponding functions implemented by the modules in the embodiment of the antenna near-field testing system 100 based on the reed-burg atom provided by the present invention may refer to the above-mentioned parameters and steps in the embodiment of the antenna near-field testing method based on the reed-burg atom provided by the present invention, which are not described herein.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It will be appreciated, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without such specific details. Similarly, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of embodiments of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. Wherein the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, third, etc. do not denote any order. These words may be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments should not be construed as limiting the order of execution unless specifically stated.
Claims (10)
1. The antenna near field test method based on the Redberg atoms is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
when an antenna to be measured is positioned at any preset position on a scanning frame, a microwave radiation device controls the transmitting end of the antenna to be measured to be aligned with a target point on an atomic air chamber, controls the antenna to be measured to radiate electromagnetic waves to the target point through a first microwave signal generator, and controls an auxiliary antenna to radiate auxiliary electromagnetic waves to the target point through a second microwave signal generator so as to obtain a target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position at the target point until a target superimposed field corresponding to each preset position of the antenna to be measured on the scanning frame is obtained; wherein the microwave radiation device comprises: the antenna to be tested, the auxiliary antenna, the first microwave signal generator, the second microwave signal generator and the scanning frame are arranged on the scanning frame, and the antenna to be tested is used for performing near field test;
the atomic gas chamber acquires target detection light passing through the atomic gas chamber based on a target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position until the target detection light corresponding to each preset position is obtained, and the target detection light is injected into the signal receiving device; wherein the atomic gas chamber contains alkali metal atoms in a Redberg state;
the signal receiving device converts the target detection light corresponding to any preset position to obtain a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position, and obtains the target parameters of the electromagnetic waves to be detected corresponding to any preset position from the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position based on a microwave heterodyne method until the target parameters of the electromagnetic waves to be detected corresponding to each preset position are obtained.
2. The method of near field testing of a reed-burg atom based antenna of claim 1, further comprising:
the atomic gas chamber receives target detection light and target coupling light, excites the alkali metal atoms from a ground state to an intermediate state according to the target detection light, and excites the alkali metal atoms from the intermediate state to a Redberg state according to the target coupling light, so that the atomic gas chamber couples the received electromagnetic waves.
3. The method of near field testing of an antenna based on reed burg atoms of claim 2, further comprising:
the detection light frequency locking device carries out frequency locking treatment on original detection light emitted by the detection laser to obtain target detection light and outputs the target detection light to the atomic gas chamber;
and the coupled light frequency locking device carries out frequency locking treatment on the original coupled light emitted by the coupled laser to obtain target coupled light and outputs the target coupled light to the atomic gas chamber.
4. The near-field testing method of an antenna based on a reed burg atom according to claim 3, wherein the step of performing frequency locking processing on the original probe light emitted by the probe laser by the probe light frequency locking device to obtain the target probe light and outputting the target probe light to the atomic gas chamber comprises the steps of:
performing frequency locking treatment on original detection light emitted by the detection laser, sequentially processing the original detection light by a PBS infrared spectroscope, a first infrared reflecting mirror, an infrared collimating mirror, an infrared polarization maintaining optical fiber, an infrared optical fiber connector and a second infrared reflecting mirror to obtain target detection light, and outputting the target detection light to the atomic gas chamber;
the step of performing frequency locking processing on original coupled light emitted by a coupled laser by the coupled light frequency locking device to obtain target coupled light and outputting the target coupled light to the atomic gas chamber comprises the following steps:
and carrying out frequency locking treatment on the original coupled light emitted by the coupled laser, and sequentially treating the original coupled light by a PBS green beam splitter, a first green reflecting mirror, a green collimating mirror, a green polarization maintaining optical fiber, a green optical fiber connector and a second green reflecting mirror to obtain the target coupled light and outputting the target coupled light to the atomic gas chamber.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal receiving device comprises: the target parameters comprise: a target amplitude and a target phase; the method further comprises the steps of:
the photoelectric detector receives and converts target detection light corresponding to any preset position, and obtains and sends a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any near-field preset position in an electric signal form to the oscilloscope;
the oscilloscope displays a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position, so that a first amplitude value and a first phase of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at any preset position are obtained from the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position based on the microwave heterodyne method, a target amplitude value of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at any preset position is obtained according to the first amplitude value, and a target phase of the electromagnetic wave to be detected at any preset position is obtained according to the first phase.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the signal receiving apparatus further comprises: a signal generator; the method further comprises the steps of:
and the signal generator sends a trigger signal to the oscilloscope so that the oscilloscope displays the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position.
7. The method for near field testing of an antenna based on a reed burg atom of claim 5, wherein the alkali metal atom is: rubidium or cesium.
8. The method of near field testing of a reed-burg atom based antenna of claim 1, further comprising:
the signal receiving device obtains a far field pattern of the antenna to be tested based on a near-far field transformation formula and target parameters of electromagnetic waves to be tested at each preset position.
9. An antenna near field test system based on a reed burg atom, comprising: the device comprises a microwave radiation device comprising an antenna to be detected, an auxiliary antenna, a first microwave signal generator, a second microwave signal generator and a scanning frame, a signal receiving device and an atomic gas chamber filled with alkali metal atoms; the first microwave signal generator is connected with the antenna to be tested, the second microwave signal generator is connected with the auxiliary antenna, the antenna to be tested is arranged on the scanning frame, and the antenna to be tested is used for performing near field test;
the microwave radiation device is used for: when the antenna to be measured is positioned at any preset position on the scanning frame, controlling the transmitting end of the antenna to be measured to be aligned with a target point on the atomic air chamber, controlling the antenna to be measured to radiate electromagnetic waves to the target point through the first microwave signal generator, and controlling the auxiliary antenna to radiate auxiliary electromagnetic waves to the target point through the second microwave signal generator so as to obtain a target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position at the target point until a target superimposed field corresponding to each preset position of the antenna to be measured on the scanning frame is obtained;
the atomic gas cell is used for: acquiring target detection light passing through the atomic gas chamber based on the target superimposed field corresponding to any preset position until the target detection light corresponding to each preset position is obtained, and injecting the target detection light corresponding to each preset position into the signal receiving device; wherein the atomic gas chamber contains alkali metal atoms in a Redberg state;
the signal receiving device is used for: converting the target detection light corresponding to any preset position to obtain a detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position, and acquiring target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected corresponding to any preset position from the detection light transmission curve corresponding to any preset position based on a microwave heterodyne method until the target parameters of the electromagnetic wave to be detected corresponding to each preset position are obtained.
10. The reed-atom based antenna near field test system of claim 9, wherein the atomic gas cell is further configured to:
and receiving target detection light and target coupling light, exciting the alkali metal atoms from a ground state to an intermediate state according to the target detection light, and exciting the alkali metal atoms from the intermediate state to a Redberg state according to the target coupling light, so that the atomic gas chamber couples the received electromagnetic waves.
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