CN114923412A - Calibration method for multi-measuring-head measuring system of shaft parts - Google Patents
Calibration method for multi-measuring-head measuring system of shaft parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN114923412A CN114923412A CN202210568135.2A CN202210568135A CN114923412A CN 114923412 A CN114923412 A CN 114923412A CN 202210568135 A CN202210568135 A CN 202210568135A CN 114923412 A CN114923412 A CN 114923412A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calibrating a multi-measuring-head measuring system of a shaft part, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a calibration device is adopted to calibrate and adjust a plurality of laser side heads in a measurement system respectively, the laser measuring heads are distributed in the circumferential direction of a shaft part to be measured, the calibration device is a high-precision shaft part with a known radius, and the side surface of the calibration device is provided with a linear reticle parallel to an axis and a circular reticle perpendicular to the axis corresponding to the laser measuring heads respectively; and measuring the shaft part to be measured by adopting the calibrated measuring system. The invention solves the problem of mutual matching and calibration among a plurality of measuring heads by a multi-measuring-head mode and a calibration device, and improves the measurement efficiency on the premise of ensuring the measurement precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring tools, in particular to size measurement of shaft parts, and particularly relates to a calibration method of a multi-measuring-head measuring system of the shaft parts.
Background
In the field of mechanical manufacturing, shaft parts account for a large proportion, form and position errors of the shaft parts have important influence on the use performance of products, and detection of size parameters of the shaft parts is very important in actual production. This requires a high precision, high efficiency detection device and method to ensure improved production efficiency.
In the existing measuring mode for shaft parts, the three-coordinate measuring mode has high precision but low efficiency. The non-contact point laser measurement mode has higher measurement precision and meets the requirement of high-precision measurement; however, the existing point laser measurement can only measure one point location at a time, and the measurement efficiency is low. If a plurality of measuring heads are adopted for simultaneous measurement, the problems of mutual matching and calibration among the plurality of measuring heads are faced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calibrating a multi-measuring-head measuring system for shaft parts, which aims to overcome the defect of low efficiency of the conventional measuring mode.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the calibration method of the multi-measuring-head measuring system for the shaft parts comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that a calibration device is adopted to calibrate and adjust a plurality of laser side heads in a measurement system respectively, the laser measuring heads are distributed in the circumferential direction of a shaft part to be measured, the calibration device is a high-precision shaft part with a known radius, and the side surface of the calibration device is provided with a linear reticle parallel to an axis and a circular reticle perpendicular to the axis corresponding to the laser measuring heads respectively;
and measuring the shaft part to be measured by adopting the calibrated measuring system.
Furthermore, axle type part fixed establishment is including being used for carrying on spacing base and the lift top that is used for withstanding the axle type part other end to axle type part one end.
Further, the base is rotatable about its axis.
Further, the measuring mechanism further comprises a measuring moving frame capable of moving along the axial direction of the shaft part to be measured, the laser measuring head is arranged on the measuring head mounting seat, and the measuring head mounting seat is arranged on the measuring moving frame.
Furthermore, the measuring moving frame is provided with a first adjusting bolt and a second adjusting bolt which are used for adjusting the angle of the measuring head mounting seat, and the included angle between the adjusting direction and the axis of the shaft part to be measured is 45 degrees.
Furthermore, a third adjusting bolt and a fourth adjusting bolt for adjusting the angle of the laser measuring head are arranged on the measuring head mounting seat, the adjusting direction of the third adjusting bolt is perpendicular to the axis direction of the shaft part to be measured, and the adjusting direction of the fourth adjusting bolt is parallel to the axis direction of the shaft part to be measured.
Furthermore, the number of the laser measuring heads is two, and the two laser measuring heads are respectively positioned on two sides of the shaft part to be measured.
Further, the calibration process is as follows:
(1) adjusting the first adjusting bolt, the second adjusting bolt and the third adjusting bolt, observing the reading of the laser measuring head, and when the reading is minimum, perpendicularly intersecting the point laser and the axis of the shaft part;
(2) verifying the laser angle: rotating the calibration device to enable one linear reticle on the surface of the calibration device to be aligned with the laser line, and then moving the measurement moving frame up and down, wherein the moving path of the laser line is coincident with the linear reticle; if the superposition is not kept, returning to the step (1) for readjustment;
repeating the steps (1) and (2), and adjusting the other laser measuring head to ensure that the point laser is vertically intersected with the axis of the shaft part;
(3) then the measuring moving frame is moved up and down, the laser measuring head on one side is positioned near the circular ring scale of the calibrating device, and the fourth adjusting bolt is adjusted to enable the point laser to coincide with the circular ring; rotating the calibration device, the laser point should always coincide with the ring;
and (4) repeating the step (3), and adjusting the laser measuring head on the other side to ensure that the point laser coincides with the circular ring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention solves the problem of mutual matching and calibration among a plurality of measuring heads by a multi-measuring-head mode and a calibration device, and improves the measurement efficiency on the premise of ensuring the measurement precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a calibration device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the measuring system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the measurement principle of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a shaft part fixing mechanism 11, a support 12, a base 13, a track 14, a lifting plate 15 and a lifting top; 2. a calibration device, 21, a linear reticle, 22 and a circular reticle; 3. a laser probe; 4. the measuring head mounting base 41, the first adjusting bolt 42, the second adjusting bolt 43, the third adjusting bolt 44 and the fourth adjusting bolt; 5. the probe moves the frame.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further specifically described below by way of embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1-3, the measuring system of this embodiment includes a shaft part fixing mechanism 1 and a measuring mechanism, where the shaft part fixing mechanism 1 is used to fix a shaft part to be measured in a vertical direction, and may also be used to fix the shaft part to be measured in a horizontal or any other direction theoretically; the measuring mechanism comprises a plurality of laser measuring heads 3 uniformly distributed around the shaft part to be measured, in this embodiment, two laser measuring heads 3 are taken as an example for illustration, and the two laser measuring heads 3 are respectively located on two sides of the shaft part to be measured. In this embodiment, a plurality of measuring heads of the measuring mechanism are adjusted by the calibrating device 2, so that it is ensured that the point laser emitted by the measuring head intersects with the axis of the shaft part perpendicularly, and simultaneously the laser of each measuring head is located on the same cross section perpendicular to the axis, and then the point laser measurement parameters can be converted to obtain the profile dimension parameters of the shaft part to be measured.
Specifically, the shaft part fixing mechanism 1 comprises an L-shaped bracket 11, a base 12 for limiting the bottom end of the shaft part is arranged on the surface of a horizontal part of the bracket 11, and the base 12 can freely rotate; the inboard track 13 that is equipped with of vertical portion of support 11, be equipped with on the track 13 and slide from top to bottom and have fastening structure's lifter plate 14, lift top 15 is fixed at lifter plate 14's lower surface, corresponds with base 12, and lift top 15 is the toper, also realizes its free rotation through the bearing setting for support the top of axle type part, thereby realize the fixed of counter shaft type part, and axle type part can be around its axis free rotation.
The measuring mechanism comprises a measuring moving frame 5 arranged on the rail, the measuring moving frame 5 is U-shaped, measuring head mounting seats 4 are respectively arranged on the inner sides of two arms of the measuring moving frame, and laser measuring heads 3 are respectively arranged on the measuring head mounting seats 4. Measuring head mount pad 4 is roughly square, laser measuring head 3 sets up in its intermediate position, be connected through first adjusting bolt 41 and second adjusting bolt 42 between measuring head mount pad 4 and the measurement removal frame 5, first adjusting bolt 41 and second adjusting bolt 42 correspond the diagonal position of measuring head mount pad 4 respectively, can adjust the position appearance of measuring head mount pad 4 through first adjusting bolt 41 and second adjusting bolt 42, thereby can roughly adjust the angle of laser measuring head 3, the direction of regulation forms 45 contained angles for the axis with the axle type part that awaits measuring. The laser measuring head 3 and the measuring head mounting base 4 are connected through a third adjusting bolt 43 and a fourth adjusting bolt 44 respectively, wherein the third adjusting bolt 43 is used for adjusting the horizontal angle of the laser measuring head 3, and the fourth adjusting bolt 44 is used for adjusting the vertical angle of the laser measuring head 3. The concrete structure of adjusting bolt is the regulation structure that machinery field is commonly used, and adjusting bolt cooperation screw hole realizes its axial displacement, and the tip can adopt universal connection or articulated with the object that needs to adjust, and this embodiment does not do specifically and limits, and the structure that can realize the purpose that this embodiment will reach in the adoption machinery field can.
In this embodiment, the calibration device 2 is a high-precision shaft component with a known radius, the radius of the measured part of the calibration device is 15mm, and two linear scribed lines 21 and two annular scribed lines 22 corresponding to the laser measuring heads are arranged on the surface of the calibration device, respectively, that is, the two linear scribed lines 21 are parallel lines on the same plane as the axis, and the annular scribed lines 22 are perpendicular to the axis.
In this embodiment, when the calibration device 2 is specifically implemented, firstly, the calibration device is installed in the shaft-like part fixing mechanism 1, one of the laser measuring heads 3 is opened, and the measuring head mounting base 4 is adjusted according to the reading thereof, in the following manner:
(1) adjusting the first adjusting bolt 41, the second adjusting bolt 42 and the third adjusting bolt 43, observing the reading of the laser measuring head 3, and when the reading is minimum, perpendicularly intersecting the point laser and the axis of the shaft part;
(2) verifying the laser angle: rotating the calibration device 2 to align one of the linear scribed lines on the surface thereof with the laser line, and moving the measuring moving frame 5 up and down, wherein the moving path of the laser line is coincident with the linear scribed line; if the coincidence is not kept, the step (1) is returned to for readjustment.
And (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2), and adjusting the other measured laser measuring head to ensure that the point laser is vertically intersected with the axis of the shaft part.
And then the measuring and moving frame is moved up and down, the laser measuring head on one side is positioned near the circular ring scale of the calibrating device 2, and the fourth adjusting bolt 44 is adjusted to enable the point laser to coincide with the circular ring. By rotating the calibration device 2, the laser spot should always coincide with the ring.
And repeating the steps, and adjusting the laser measuring head on the other side to ensure that the point laser coincides with the circular ring.
Through the adjustment, the point lasers emitted by the two laser measuring heads can be ensured to be vertically intersected with the axis of the shaft part, and the point lasers of the laser measuring heads are positioned on the same cross section perpendicular to the axis.
The calibrated laser measuring head measures the high-precision calibrating device 2, and the reading of the laser measuring head can be converted into the profile parameter of the measured part through calculation. As shown in FIG. 3, L 1 -X 1 ＝L 2 -X 2 R is the radius of the part to be measured of the calibration device, X 1 ，X 2 The readings of the two laser measuring heads are respectively shown. I.e. L 1 ＝X 1 +R，L 2 ＝X 2 +R。
In the measurement process of the shaft part to be measured, after the shaft part to be measured is arranged on the shaft part fixing mechanism, one laser measuring head obtains a profile parameter R 1i ＝L 1 -X 1i ＝X 1 +R-X 1i Another laser measuringHead derived profile parameter R 2i ＝L 2 -X 2i ＝X 2 +R-X 2i Wherein X is 1i ，X 2i The laser probes 1 and 2, respectively, read during the measurement. The final measurements can be averaged.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention by this means. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The calibration method of the multi-measuring-head measuring system for the shaft parts is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps that a calibration device is adopted to calibrate and adjust a plurality of laser side heads in a measurement system respectively, the laser measuring heads are distributed in the circumferential direction of a shaft part to be measured, the calibration device is a high-precision shaft part with a known radius, and the side surface of the calibration device is provided with a linear reticle parallel to an axis and a circular reticle perpendicular to the axis corresponding to the laser measuring heads respectively;
and measuring the shaft part to be measured by adopting the calibrated measuring system.
2. The calibration method for the multi-measuring-head measurement system of the shaft parts according to claim 1, wherein the shaft part fixing mechanism comprises a base for limiting one end of the shaft part and a lifting top for supporting the other end of the shaft part.
3. The method for calibrating a multi-probe measurement system for shaft parts according to claim 2, wherein the base is capable of rotating around its axis.
4. The method for calibrating a multi-gauge head measuring system for shaft parts according to claim 1, wherein the measuring mechanism further includes a measuring moving frame that is movable in an axial direction of the shaft part to be measured, the laser head is disposed on a gauge head mounting base, and the gauge head mounting base is disposed on the measuring moving frame.
5. The method for calibrating the multi-measuring-head measuring system for the shaft parts according to claim 1, wherein the measuring moving frame is provided with a first adjusting bolt and a second adjusting bolt for adjusting the angle of the measuring head mounting seat, and the included angle between the adjusting direction and the axis of the shaft part to be measured is 45 °.
6. The method for calibrating the multi-measuring-head measuring system for the shaft parts according to claim 1, wherein a third adjusting bolt and a fourth adjusting bolt for adjusting the angle of the laser measuring head are arranged on the measuring head mounting base, the adjusting direction of the third adjusting bolt is perpendicular to the axial direction of the shaft part to be measured, and the adjusting direction of the fourth adjusting bolt is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft part to be measured.
7. The method for calibrating the multi-measuring-head measuring system for the shaft parts according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the number of the laser measuring heads is two, and the two laser measuring heads are respectively positioned on two sides of the shaft part to be measured.
8. The method for calibrating the multi-measuring-head measuring system for the shaft parts according to claim 6, wherein the calibration process comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the first adjusting bolt, the second adjusting bolt and the third adjusting bolt, observing the reading of the laser measuring head, and when the reading is minimum, perpendicularly intersecting the point laser and the axis of the shaft part;
(2) verifying the laser angle: rotating the calibration device to enable one linear reticle on the surface of the calibration device to be aligned with the laser line, and then moving the measurement moving frame up and down, wherein the moving path of the laser line is coincident with the linear reticle; if the superposition is not kept, returning to the step (1) for readjustment;
repeating the steps (1) and (2), and adjusting the other laser measuring head to ensure that the point laser is vertically intersected with the axis of the shaft part;
(3) then, the measuring moving frame is moved up and down, the laser measuring head on one side is located near the circular ring scale of the calibrating device, and the fourth adjusting bolt is adjusted to enable the point laser to coincide with the circular ring; rotating the calibration device, the laser point should always coincide with the circular ring;
and (4) repeating the step (3), and adjusting the laser measuring head on the other side to ensure that the point laser coincides with the circular ring.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210568135.2A CN114923412B (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Calibration method for shaft part multi-measuring head measuring system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210568135.2A CN114923412B (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Calibration method for shaft part multi-measuring head measuring system |
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| CN114923412A true CN114923412A (en) | 2022-08-19 |
| CN114923412B CN114923412B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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