CN114923412B - Calibration method for shaft part multi-measuring head measuring system - Google Patents
Calibration method for shaft part multi-measuring head measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114923412B CN114923412B CN202210568135.2A CN202210568135A CN114923412B CN 114923412 B CN114923412 B CN 114923412B CN 202210568135 A CN202210568135 A CN 202210568135A CN 114923412 B CN114923412 B CN 114923412B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000669069 Chrysomphalus aonidum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a calibration method of a shaft part multi-measuring head measurement system, which comprises the following steps: a plurality of laser side heads in a measuring system are respectively calibrated and adjusted by a calibrating device, the plurality of laser measuring heads are distributed in the circumferential direction of a shaft part to be measured, the calibrating device is a high-precision shaft part with a known radius, and a linear scribing line parallel to an axis and a circular scribing line perpendicular to the axis are respectively arranged on the side surface of the calibrating device corresponding to the laser measuring heads; and measuring the shaft part to be measured by adopting a measurement system which completes calibration. The invention solves the problems of mutual matching and calibration among a plurality of measuring heads through the mode of a plurality of measuring heads and the calibrating device, and improves the measuring efficiency on the premise of ensuring the measuring precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring tools, in particular to a method for measuring the size of a shaft part, and particularly relates to a method for calibrating a measuring system of a plurality of measuring heads of the shaft part.
Background
In the field of mechanical manufacturing, the shaft parts occupy a great proportion, the shape and position errors of the shaft parts have important influence on the service performance of products, and the detection of the dimension parameters of the shaft parts is very important in actual production. This requires a high-precision and high-efficiency detection device and method to ensure the improvement of the production efficiency.
In the existing measuring mode for shaft parts, the three-coordinate measuring mode is higher in precision, but lower in efficiency. The non-contact point laser measurement mode has higher measurement precision and meets the requirement of high-precision measurement; however, the current spot laser measurement can only measure one spot at a time, and the measurement efficiency is low. If a plurality of measuring heads are adopted for simultaneous measurement, the problems of mutual matching and calibration among the plurality of measuring heads are faced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calibration method of a shaft part multi-measuring head measurement system, which aims to solve the defect of low efficiency of the existing measurement mode.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the calibration method of the shaft part multi-measuring head measurement system comprises the following steps:
a plurality of laser side heads in a measuring system are respectively calibrated and adjusted by a calibrating device, the plurality of laser measuring heads are distributed in the circumferential direction of a shaft part to be measured, the calibrating device is a high-precision shaft part with a known radius, and a linear scribing line parallel to an axis and a circular scribing line perpendicular to the axis are respectively arranged on the side surface of the calibrating device corresponding to the laser measuring heads;
and measuring the shaft part to be measured by adopting a measurement system which completes calibration.
Further, the shaft part fixing mechanism comprises a base used for limiting one end of the shaft part and a lifting plug used for supporting the other end of the shaft part.
Further, the base is rotatable about its axis.
Further, the measuring mechanism further comprises a measuring moving frame capable of axially moving along the shaft part to be measured, the laser measuring head is arranged on a measuring head mounting seat, and the measuring head mounting seat is arranged on the measuring moving frame.
Further, a first adjusting bolt and a second adjusting bolt for adjusting the angle of the measuring head mounting seat are arranged on the measuring moving frame, and the included angle between the adjusting direction and the axis of the shaft part to be measured is 45 degrees.
Further, a third adjusting bolt and a fourth adjusting bolt for adjusting the angle of the laser measuring head are arranged on the measuring head mounting seat, the adjusting direction of the third adjusting bolt is perpendicular to the axis direction of the shaft part to be measured, and the adjusting direction of the fourth adjusting bolt is parallel to the axis direction of the shaft part to be measured.
Further, the number of the laser measuring heads is two, and the laser measuring heads are respectively positioned at two sides of the shaft part to be measured.
Further, the calibration procedure is as follows:
(1) Adjusting the first adjusting bolt, the second adjusting bolt and the third adjusting bolt, simultaneously observing the reading of the laser measuring head, and vertically intersecting the point laser with the axis of the shaft part when the reading is minimum;
(2) Verifying the laser angle: rotating the calibration device to enable one linear type scribing line on the surface of the calibration device to be aligned with the laser line, then moving the measuring moving frame up and down, and keeping the moving path of the laser line coincident with the linear type scribing line; if the coincidence is not kept, the process returns to the step (1) for readjustment;
repeating the steps (1) and (2), and adjusting the laser measuring head for the other measurement to ensure that the point laser is vertically intersected with the axis of the shaft part;
(3) Then, the measuring moving frame is moved up and down, the laser measuring head on one side of the measuring moving frame is positioned near the circular scale of the calibrating device, and the fourth adjusting bolt is adjusted to enable point laser to coincide with the circular scale; rotating the calibration device, wherein the laser point is always coincident with the circular ring;
repeating the step (3), and adjusting the laser measuring head at the other side to ensure that the point laser is overlapped with the circular ring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention solves the problems of mutual matching and calibration among a plurality of measuring heads through the mode of a plurality of measuring heads and the calibrating device, and improves the measuring efficiency on the premise of ensuring the measuring precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the calibration device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring system in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the measurement principle in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a shaft part fixing mechanism 11, a bracket 12, a base 13, a track 14, a lifting plate 15 and a lifting top; 2. the calibrating device 21, the linear type dividing line 22 and the circular ring dividing line 22; 3. a laser probe; 4. the measuring head comprises a measuring head mounting seat 41, a first adjusting bolt 42, a second adjusting bolt 43, a third adjusting bolt 44 and a fourth adjusting bolt; 5. the measuring head moves the shelf.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples: 1-3, the measuring system of the embodiment comprises a shaft part fixing mechanism 1 and a measuring mechanism, wherein the shaft part fixing mechanism 1 is used for fixing a shaft part to be measured along a vertical direction, and the shaft part to be measured can be transversely or along any other direction in theory; the measuring mechanism comprises a plurality of laser measuring heads 3 uniformly distributed around the shaft part to be measured, and the embodiment is illustrated by taking two laser measuring heads 3 as examples, wherein the two laser measuring heads 3 are respectively positioned at two sides of the shaft part to be measured. In the embodiment, the plurality of measuring heads of the measuring mechanism are adjusted through the calibrating device 2, so that point lasers emitted by the measuring heads are ensured to be vertically intersected with the axis of the shaft part, meanwhile, lasers of the measuring heads are positioned on the same section perpendicular to the axis, and then the outline dimension parameters of the shaft part to be measured can be obtained through conversion of the point laser measuring parameters.
Specifically, the shaft part fixing mechanism 1 comprises an L-shaped bracket 11, the surface of the horizontal part of the bracket 11 is provided with a base 12 for limiting the bottom end of the shaft part, and the base 12 can freely rotate; the inside track 13 that is equipped with of vertical portion of support 11 is equipped with on the track 13 can slide from top to bottom and has the lifter plate 14 of fastening structure, and lift plug 15 is fixed at the lower surface of lifter plate 14, corresponds with base 12, and lift plug 15 is the toper, also realizes its free rotation through the bearing setting for support the top of axle type part, thereby realize the fixed of axle type part, and axle type part can rotate around its axis freedom.
The measuring mechanism comprises a measuring movable frame 5 arranged on the track, the measuring movable frame 5 is U-shaped, measuring head mounting seats 4 are respectively arranged on the inner sides of two arms of the measuring mechanism, and the laser measuring heads 3 are respectively arranged on the measuring head mounting seats 4. The gauge head mount pad 4 is approximately square, and laser gauge head 3 sets up in its intermediate position, is connected through first adjusting bolt 41 and second adjusting bolt 42 between gauge head mount pad 4 and the measurement movable frame 5, and first adjusting bolt 41 and second adjusting bolt 42 correspond the diagonal position of gauge head mount pad 4 respectively, can adjust the position appearance of gauge head mount pad 4 through first adjusting bolt 41 and second adjusting bolt 42 to can carry out coarse adjustment to the angle of laser gauge head 3, the direction of adjustment forms 45 contained angles with the axis of the axle type part that awaits measuring. The laser measuring head 3 is connected with the measuring head mounting seat 4 through a third adjusting bolt 43 and a fourth adjusting bolt 44 respectively, wherein the third adjusting bolt 43 is used for adjusting the horizontal angle of the laser measuring head 3, and the fourth adjusting bolt 44 is used for adjusting the vertical angle of the laser measuring head 3. The specific structure of the adjusting bolt is a common adjusting structure in the mechanical field, the adjusting bolt is matched with the threaded hole to realize axial movement of the adjusting bolt, the end part of the adjusting bolt and an object to be adjusted can be connected in a universal mode or hinged, the adjusting bolt is not limited in particular, and the adjusting bolt can be of a structure in the mechanical field, and the aim to be achieved by the adjusting bolt can be achieved.
In this embodiment, the calibration device 2 is a high-precision shaft part with a known radius, the radius of the measured part is 15mm, two linear type score lines 21 and two circular ring score lines 22 corresponding to the laser measuring head are arranged on the surface of the high-precision shaft part, namely, the two linear type score lines 21 are parallel lines on the same plane with the axis, and the circular ring score lines 22 are perpendicular to the axis.
When the embodiment is implemented, the calibration device 2 is firstly installed in the shaft part fixing mechanism 1, one of the laser measuring heads 3 is started, and the measuring head mounting seat 4 is adjusted according to the reading, and the adjustment mode is as follows:
(1) Adjusting the first adjusting bolt 41, the second adjusting bolt 42 and the third adjusting bolt 43, simultaneously observing the reading of the laser measuring head 3, and perpendicularly intersecting the point laser with the axis of the shaft part when the reading is minimum;
(2) Verifying the laser angle: rotating the calibration device 2 to align one linear scribing line on the surface of the calibration device with the laser line, and then moving the measuring moving frame 5 up and down, wherein the moving path of the laser line is kept coincident with the linear scribing line; if the coincidence is not kept, the process returns to the step (1) for readjustment.
Repeating the steps (1) and (2), adjusting the laser measuring head for the other measurement, and ensuring that the point laser is perpendicularly intersected with the axis of the shaft part.
Then, the measuring moving frame is moved up and down, the laser measuring head on one side is positioned near the circular ring scale of the calibrating device 2, and the fourth adjusting bolt 44 is adjusted to enable the point laser to coincide with the circular ring. The calibration device 2 is rotated and the laser spot should always remain coincident with the circle.
Repeating the steps, and adjusting the laser measuring head at the other side to ensure that the point laser is overlapped with the circular ring.
Through the adjustment, point lasers emitted by the two laser measuring heads can be ensured to be vertically intersected with the axis of the shaft part, and meanwhile, the point lasers of the laser measuring heads are positioned on the same section perpendicular to the axis.
The calibrated laser measuring head measures the high-precision calibrating device 2, and the reading of the laser measuring head can be converted into the profile parameters of the measured part through calculation. As shown in FIG. 3, L 1 -X 1 ＝L 2 -X 2 R, where R is the radius of the measured part of the calibration device, X 1 ，X 2 The readings of the two laser probes are respectively. Namely, L 1 ＝X 1 +R，L 2 ＝X 2 +R。
In the measuring process of the shaft part to be measured, after the shaft part to be measured is arranged on the shaft part fixing mechanism, one of the profile parameters R acquired by the laser measuring head 1i ＝L 1 -X 1i ＝X 1 +R-X 1i Profile parameter R acquired by another laser probe 2i ＝L 2 -X 2i ＝X 2 +R-X 2i Wherein X is 1i ，X 2i The laser probes 1 and 2, respectively, read during the measurement. The final measurement may be averaged.
The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The calibration method of the shaft part multi-measuring head measurement system is characterized by comprising a shaft part fixing mechanism and a measuring mechanism,
the measuring mechanism further comprises a measuring moving frame capable of axially moving along the shaft part to be measured, the laser measuring head is arranged on a measuring head mounting seat, and the measuring head mounting seat is arranged on the measuring moving frame;
the measuring moving frame is provided with a first adjusting bolt and a second adjusting bolt for adjusting the angle of the measuring head mounting seat, and the included angle between the adjusting direction and the axis of the shaft part to be measured is 45 degrees;
the measuring head mounting seat is provided with a third adjusting bolt and a fourth adjusting bolt for adjusting the angle of the laser measuring head, the adjusting direction of the third adjusting bolt is perpendicular to the axis direction of the shaft part to be measured, and the adjusting direction of the fourth adjusting bolt is parallel to the axis direction of the shaft part to be measured;
the calibration method comprises the following steps:
a plurality of laser side heads in a measuring system are respectively calibrated and adjusted by a calibrating device, the plurality of laser measuring heads are distributed in the circumferential direction of a shaft part to be measured, the calibrating device is a high-precision shaft part with a known radius, and a linear scribing line parallel to an axis and a circular scribing line perpendicular to the axis are respectively arranged on the side surface of the calibrating device corresponding to the laser measuring heads; measuring the shaft part to be measured by adopting a measurement system which completes calibration;
the calibration procedure is as follows:
(1) Adjusting the first adjusting bolt, the second adjusting bolt, the third adjusting bolt and the fourth adjusting bolt, simultaneously observing the reading of the laser measuring head, and vertically intersecting the point laser with the axis of the shaft part when the reading is minimum;
(2) Verifying the laser angle: rotating the calibration device to enable one linear type scribing line on the surface of the calibration device to be aligned with the laser line, then moving the measuring moving frame up and down, and keeping the moving path of the laser line coincident with the linear type scribing line; if the coincidence is not kept, the process returns to the step (1) for readjustment;
repeating the steps (1) and (2), and adjusting the laser measuring head for the other measurement to ensure that the point laser is vertically intersected with the axis of the shaft part;
(3) Then, the measuring moving frame is moved up and down, the laser measuring head on one side of the measuring moving frame is positioned near the circular scale of the calibrating device, and the fourth adjusting bolt is adjusted to enable point laser to coincide with the circular scale; rotating the calibration device, wherein the laser point is always coincident with the circular ring;
repeating the step (3), and adjusting the laser measuring head at the other side to ensure that the point laser is overlapped with the circular ring.
2. The method for calibrating a multi-measuring head measuring system for shaft parts according to claim 1, wherein the shaft part fixing mechanism comprises a base for limiting one end of the shaft part and a lifting jack for supporting the other end of the shaft part.
3. A method of calibrating a shaft-like part multi-gauge head measurement system according to claim 2, wherein the base is rotatable about its axis.
4. A method for calibrating a multi-probe measuring system for shaft parts according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the number of the laser probes is two, and the laser probes are respectively positioned at two sides of the shaft parts to be measured.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210568135.2A CN114923412B (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Calibration method for shaft part multi-measuring head measuring system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210568135.2A CN114923412B (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Calibration method for shaft part multi-measuring head measuring system |
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| CN114923412A CN114923412A (en) | 2022-08-19 |
| CN114923412B true CN114923412B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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