CN112834770A - A preceding processing equipment for thrombelastogram appearance - Google Patents
A preceding processing equipment for thrombelastogram appearance Download PDFInfo
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- CN112834770A CN112834770A CN201911156211.3A CN201911156211A CN112834770A CN 112834770 A CN112834770 A CN 112834770A CN 201911156211 A CN201911156211 A CN 201911156211A CN 112834770 A CN112834770 A CN 112834770A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1009—Characterised by arrangements for controlling the aspiration or dispense of liquids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1009—Characterised by arrangements for controlling the aspiration or dispense of liquids
- G01N35/1016—Control of the volume dispensed or introduced
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1095—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices for supplying the samples to flow-through analysers
- G01N35/1097—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices for supplying the samples to flow-through analysers characterised by the valves
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Abstract
The application discloses preceding processing equipment for thrombelastogram appearance. The pretreatment equipment comprises: the sample introduction device is used for being connected with a system to be subjected to sample introduction, so that a sample in the system to be subjected to sample introduction is conveyed to the pretreatment equipment through the sample introduction device; a goose-shaped tube in fluid communication with the sample introduction device; the temporary sample storage cavity is internally provided with a sample inlet and a sample outlet, and the sample inlet is connected with the goose-shaped pipe; one or more air vents are further arranged in the temporary sample storage cavity, and positive pressure or negative pressure is generated in the temporary sample storage cavity through the air vents; one side of the one-way valve mechanism is connected with a sample outlet of the sample temporary storage cavity, and the other side of the one-way valve mechanism is connected with a detection cavity of the thrombelastogram instrument. The pretreatment equipment can replace the operation of manually adding reagents of the currently marketed thromboelastography instrument, adopts a positive pressure/negative pressure change mode, and can realize the automatic operation process of detecting samples.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a detection instrument, in particular to a pretreatment device for a thrombelastogram instrument.
Background
Thrombosis and thromboembolism are the direct causes of death and are also key factors and critical links in the occurrence of cardiovascular events. In recent years, the Disease Management Program (DMP) has been advocated as a solution to chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and asthma. However, since conventional disease management means (clinical laboratories/clinical monitoring) have a series of weaknesses, a more rapid, simple, accurate monitoring device is required for replacement. In this context, the field of point-of-care test (POCT) has gained a huge development space. In 2015, the global in vitro diagnostic market size reached $ 600 billion, with a market share associated with coagulation testing reaching $ 18 billion.
The blood coagulation analyzer has wider application in the field of POCT blood coagulation detection, and each index has definite clinical and physiological significance. The thromboelastogram instrument has also been widely popularized.
Thromboelastogram (TEG) is a graph drawn by a thromboelastometer, and is an index reflecting dynamic changes in blood coagulation (including the rate of fibrin formation, the firmness of a dissolved state and a coagulated state, and the elasticity). Although the thromboelastogram has a series of advancement, convenience and innovation in detection method, detection process and detection accuracy, the existing thromboelastogram has a series of defects and shortcomings in the aspects of patient feeling, detection efficiency, automation degree and the like based on inherent characteristics of the thromboelastogram on the premise of a detection principle, and the application prospect of the thromboelastogram in the fields of hospitals, professional clinical detection mechanisms, particularly patient family health monitoring is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims at various problems of the currently marketed thromboelastogram instrument, adopts an integrated and modularized design, fixes a detection reagent in the sample pretreatment equipment, realizes the automatic operation of a detection sample (from a sample system to be fed to a detection cavity), and is used for realizing the complete detection process of the thromboelastogram on the basis of the unchanged existing detection principle.
The application provides a preceding processing apparatus for thrombelastogram appearance includes:
the sample introduction device is used for being connected with a system to be subjected to sample introduction, so that a sample in the system to be subjected to sample introduction is conveyed to the pretreatment equipment through the sample introduction device;
a goose-shaped tube in fluid communication with the sample introduction device;
the temporary sample storage cavity is internally provided with a sample inlet and a sample outlet, and the sample inlet is connected with the goose-shaped pipe; one or more air vents are further arranged in the temporary sample storage cavity, and positive pressure or negative pressure is generated in the temporary sample storage cavity through the air vents;
one side of the one-way valve mechanism is connected with a sample outlet of the sample temporary storage cavity, and the other side of the one-way valve mechanism is connected with a detection cavity of the thrombelastogram instrument.
In one embodiment, the euro-cap is provided with a U-shaped buffer tube between the sample introduction device and the goose-shaped tube, for two purposes: limiting the depth of the sample injection needle entering the sample tube (chip) and slowing down the actuation of the sample at the moment of sample tube insertion and valve opening.
In one embodiment, the temporary sample storage chamber is in communication with the pressure system via the vent.
In an embodiment, the pressure system includes air pump, malleation jar and negative pressure jar, the air pump respectively with the malleation jar with the negative pressure jar is connected, the malleation jar through positive pressure valve with the blow vent is connected, the negative pressure jar through negative pressure valve with the blow vent is connected.
In one embodiment, the temporary sample storage chamber is further provided with a reagent area for storing a reagent near the sample outlet.
In one embodiment, a reagent inlet is further provided in the sample buffer chamber for delivering a reagent to the reagent zone.
In one embodiment, the sample inlet is arranged in the upper part of the sample buffer chamber and the sample outlet is arranged in the lower part of the sample buffer chamber.
In one embodiment, the pretreatment equipment further comprises a sample injection detector, and the sample injection detector is arranged between the one-way valve mechanism and the sample temporary storage cavity.
In one embodiment, the sample introduction device is a blood collection tube insertion needle.
In one embodiment, the detection chamber comprises a cup body and a cup cover, and the lower part of the cup body is connected with the one-way valve mechanism.
The pretreatment equipment can replace the manual reagent adding operation of the currently marketed thromboelastography instrument, adopts a positive pressure/negative pressure change mode, and can realize the automatic operation process of detecting samples. The pretreatment equipment of the application also has the following advantages:
1) manual operation errors are avoided, and the operation consistency among samples is improved;
2) the equipment is a closed system, so that the infection risk to operators can be reduced;
3) after the detection is finished, simplifying the processing flow of the waste sample;
4) the consumption and cost of consumables (reagents are sealed in the chip) are reduced, and the pollution of samples caused by exposure to the environment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a processing apparatus of the present application;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a pressure system;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic structural view of a one-way valve mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 shows a diagrammatic view of the one-way valve mechanism of FIG. 3 with the lower chamber under negative pressure;
FIG. 5 shows a diagrammatic view of the one-way valve mechanism of FIG. 3 with the lower chamber at positive pressure;
FIG. 6 illustrates the lower chamber in the one-way valve mechanism as it creates positive pressure, showing the opening of the communication path between the upper and lower chambers;
fig. 7 shows the situation when the lower chamber in the one-way valve mechanism is generating negative pressure (or no pressure), showing the closing of the communication passage of the upper chamber with the lower chamber;
fig. 8 shows a schematic structural view of a check valve mechanism of an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples. The features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the description.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
In addition, the technical features described below in the different embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The application provides a preceding processing apparatus for thrombelastogram appearance, this preceding processing apparatus can be connected with the detection chamber of thrombelastogram appearance to through this preceding processing apparatus with wait to detect the sample transport in the detection chamber of thrombelastogram appearance, supply blood thrombelastogram appearance to detect.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the pretreatment apparatus provided by the present application includes:
the sample feeding device 1 is used for being connected with a system to be fed with samples, so that the samples in the system to be fed with the samples are conveyed to the pretreatment equipment through the sample feeding device 1;
a goose-shaped tube 2 in fluid communication with the sample introduction device 1;
the sample temporary storage cavity 3 is internally provided with a sample inlet 31 and a sample outlet 32, and the sample inlet 31 is connected with the goose-shaped pipe 2; one or more air vents 33 are further arranged in the temporary sample storage cavity 3, and positive pressure or negative pressure is generated in the temporary sample storage cavity 3 through the air vents 33;
and one side of the one-way valve mechanism 4 is connected with the sample outlet 32 of the sample temporary storage cavity, and the other side of the one-way valve mechanism is connected with the detection cavity 8 of the thrombelastogram instrument.
In the pretreatment apparatus of the present application, the sample injection device 1 may be various sample injection devices in the art, such as a pipeline, a sample injection needle, and the like. However, the pretreatment device of the present application is used for a thromboelastogram apparatus, the sample to be treated is usually a blood sample, in one embodiment, the sample collection system is a blood collection tube, the sample collection device 1 is a blood collection tube pin for directly connecting with the blood collection tube (sample collection system), and the blood sample in the blood collection tube can be directly conveyed to the final thromboelastogram apparatus for corresponding detection through the pretreatment device of the present application.
The application discloses pretreatment equipment includes goose shape pipe 2, and this goose shape pipe 2 is the micro-fluidic pipeline, and its effect is when preventing in the pipeline for the malleation, the sample backward flow in the sample storehouse. Although the sample temporary storage bin and the sample injection needle can be directly connected theoretically (for example, the sample injection needle is placed right above the temporary storage bin), an air path system (the space on a chip is too small) needs to be arranged at the position, and in addition, the internal structure of an original piece of the detection equipment needs to be matched, so the current layout is adopted.
In one embodiment, a U-shaped buffer tube 5 is provided between the sample introduction device 1 and the goose-shaped tube 2 for two purposes: limiting the depth of the sample injection needle entering the sample tube, and slowing down the actuation of the sample at the moment of sample tube insertion and valve opening.
The pretreatment equipment comprises a sample temporary storage cavity 3, wherein a sample inlet 31 and a sample outlet 32 are arranged in the sample temporary storage cavity 3, and the sample inlet 31 is connected with the goose-shaped pipe 2; one or more air vents 33 are further arranged in the sample temporary storage cavity 3, and positive pressure or negative pressure is generated in the sample temporary storage cavity 3 through the air vents 33. The sample inlet 31 is connected with the goose-shaped pipe 2 and is used for inputting a sample into the sample temporary storage cavity 3 through the sample inlet 31; and the sample outlet 32 is provided for the purpose of discharging the sample from the sample buffer chamber 3.
The temporary sample storage chamber is actually a chamber for temporarily storing the sample, and a reagent can be pre-placed in the chamber and mixed with the reagent for dissolution when the sample enters the chamber. The purpose of this chamber is mainly two: 1) ensuring sufficient sample feeding amount, and finally allowing sufficient sample to enter the final detection cavity; 2) within the chamber, the sample and reagent are mixed (the mixing is not critical and may be, for example, greater than 1min, less than 5 min). The size, shape and the like of the sample temporary storage cavity can be selected according to specific requirements.
In the present case, the way in which the sample is introduced into and removed from the sample buffer chamber 3 can be realized by pressure changes in the sample buffer chamber 3. One or more air vents 33 are further arranged in the sample temporary storage cavity 3, and positive pressure or negative pressure is generated in the sample temporary storage cavity 3 through the air vents 33. When negative pressure is generated in the temporary sample storage cavity 3, a sample is input into the temporary sample storage cavity 3 through the sample inlet 31; when a positive pressure is generated in the sample buffer chamber 3, the sample is discharged from the sample buffer chamber 3 via the sample outlet 32. For this purpose, the sample inlet 31 is arranged in the upper part of the sample buffer chamber 3, while the sample outlet 32 is arranged in the lower part of the sample outlet 32. Furthermore, the sample volume in the sample buffer chamber 3 is controlled not to exceed the sample inlet 31, so that when a positive pressure is generated in the sample buffer chamber 3, the sample can only be output from the sample buffer chamber 3 via the sample outlet 32, but not from the sample inlet 31.
In one embodiment, the sample buffer 3 is connected to the pressure system via a vent 33. In one embodiment, fig. 2 shows a pressure system comprising an air pump 63, a positive pressure tank 62 and a negative pressure tank 65, the air pump 63 is connected to the positive pressure tank 62 and the negative pressure tank 65, respectively, the positive pressure tank 62 is connected to the vent port 33 through a positive pressure valve 61, and the negative pressure tank 65 is connected to the vent port 33 through a negative pressure valve 64. The positive pressure and the negative pressure are generated by the positive pressure tank 62 and the negative pressure tank 65, and the air pump 63 is matched to form: the air pump 63 pumps air from the negative pressure tank 65 to the positive pressure tank 62, which is equivalent to pumping air into the positive pressure tank 62 without stopping, when the air pressure in the positive pressure tank 62 is enough, the positive pressure valve 61 is opened, and the air is discharged to the sample temporary storage cavity 3, so that positive pressure is formed in the sample temporary storage cavity 3; when the pressure in the underpressure reservoir 65 is sufficient, the underpressure valve 64 opens and draws gas from the sample buffer chamber 3, so that an underpressure is formed in the sample buffer chamber 3. In one embodiment, the pressure system can be connected directly to the gas port 33, so that 2 gas ports 33 can be provided in the sample buffer 3, one gas port being connected to the positive pressure valve 61 and the other gas port being connected to the negative pressure valve 64. In a preferred embodiment, the sample buffer 3 is provided with 1 vent 33, and a positive pressure interface 331 and a negative pressure interface 332 are arranged on the pipeline connected with the vent 33; as shown in fig. 2, the positive pressure valve 61 is connected to the positive pressure port 331, and the negative pressure valve 64 is connected to the negative pressure port 332; this is preferred because only one vent opening has to be provided in the buffer chamber 3, which makes the buffer chamber 3 simpler to manufacture.
In one embodiment, the sample buffer chamber 3 is further provided with a reagent area 34 for storing reagents near the sample outlet. In one embodiment, the reagent zone 34 contains reagents for thromboelastography assays, including blood coagulation activators such as kaolin, other reagents such as heparinase, batroxobin, factor XIII, and the like. The kaolin is fixed by adopting a liquid dropping-freeze drying method (in fact, the kaolin can be directly dropped on the reagent area 34 without freeze drying, the reagent area 34 is positioned in the lower left area of the temporary sample storage cavity 3), and blood enters the reagent area through the goose-shaped tube 2 and is mixed with the kaolin reagent under the action of power, and the process is easier (for example, the amount of the kaolin is only 10ul, the amount of the blood is about 400ul, and the dissolving process is quicker). In one embodiment, a reagent inlet (not shown) may also be provided in the sample buffer chamber 3 for delivering reagents to the reagent zone.
The pretreatment equipment further comprises a one-way valve mechanism 4, wherein one side of the one-way valve mechanism is connected with a sample outlet of the sample temporary storage cavity. When the sample temporary storage cavity 3 keeps negative pressure, the one-way valve mechanism 4 is closed, so that the sample in the one-way valve mechanism 4 cannot flow back into the sample temporary storage cavity 3; when a positive pressure is maintained in the temporary sample storage chamber 3, the one-way valve mechanism 4 is opened, so that the sample in the temporary sample storage chamber 3 passes through the one-way valve mechanism 4 under the action of the pressure and is further provided to the detection chamber 8.
The pretreatment equipment further comprises a sample injection detector 7, wherein the sample injection detector 7 is arranged between the one-way valve mechanism 4 and the sample temporary storage cavity 3. The sample injection detector is used for monitoring the volume of the sample which finally flows into the detection cup, and whether the required volume of blood completely flows through the position (the flow through the position indicates the entrance into the detection chamber) is judged by the optical sensor on the position.
The sample injection detector 7 may be internally provided with a light bead element for irradiating a specific position in a pipeline between the one-way valve mechanism 4 and the sample temporary storage chamber 3, and is used for detecting whether a sample before the position completely enters the one-way valve mechanism 4 or not, so as to ensure that the sample entering the one-way valve mechanism 4 reaches a set value.
As described above, the check valve mechanism 4 is connected to the detection chamber 8 of the thromboelastogram apparatus so that the sample from the sample buffer chamber can be collected in the detection chamber 8. The detection chamber 8 is removed and a corresponding test is performed using a thromboelastogram. The final detection process is the same as that of the conventional thromboelastography, and is not described in detail herein. In one embodiment, the detection chamber 8 is a detection cup, which includes a cup body and a cup cover, and the lower portion of the cup body is connected to the one-way valve mechanism 4, so that the sample from the temporary sample storage chamber 3 is finally transferred to the detection chamber 8.
In one embodiment, when the pretreatment device of the present application is used to treat a blood sample, calcium chloride is also provided in the pretreatment device. Like kaolin, the calcium chloride is a liquid/dry powder reagent (which is an indispensable reagent component for activating blood sample coagulation and cannot be replaced by other reagents) which needs to be arranged in the sample pretreatment equipment, and when blood enters the sample pretreatment equipment from a sample injection needle, the blood needs to be sequentially mixed with the kaolin and then mixed with the calcium chloride, so that the blood can start to coagulate. In one embodiment, the calcium chloride may be pre-present in one or more of the following in the form of a solution or dry powder reagent: a pipeline connecting the sample outlet 32 with the check valve mechanism 4, and the detection chamber 8; therefore, the injection of a calcium chloride reagent is not needed in the sample injection process. In one embodiment, a calcium chloride injection port (not shown) is provided in the tubing connecting the sample outlet 32 and the one-way valve mechanism 4 so that a calcium chloride reagent can be injected during sample injection.
The following describes a structure of the check valve mechanism 4 that can be used in the present application. FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic structural view of a one-way valve mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 4 shows a diagrammatic view of the one-way valve mechanism of FIG. 3 with the lower chamber under negative pressure; FIG. 5 shows a diagrammatic view of the one-way valve mechanism of FIG. 3 with the lower chamber at positive pressure; FIG. 6 illustrates the lower chamber in the one-way valve mechanism as it creates positive pressure, showing the opening of the communication path between the upper and lower chambers; fig. 7 shows the situation when the lower chamber in the one-way valve mechanism is generating negative pressure (or no pressure), showing the closing of the communication passage of the upper chamber with the lower chamber; fig. 8 shows a schematic structural view of a check valve mechanism of an embodiment.
As shown in fig. 3-8, the one-way valve mechanism 4 that can be used in the present application is a microfluidic one-way valve comprising a one-way valve chamber 10, characterized in that it further comprises:
the valve plate structure 101 is arranged inside the one-way valve cavity 10, and the valve plate structure 101 divides the inside of the one-way valve cavity 10 into an upper cavity 102 and a lower cavity 103; the valve plate structure 101 is configured to open the communication channel between the upper chamber 102 and the lower chamber 103 in one direction,
an inlet conduit 104 in fluid communication with the lower chamber 103 of the one-way valve chamber; and
an outlet conduit 105 in fluid communication with the upper chamber 102 of the one-way valve chamber.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-7, the lower cavity 103 of the one-way valve cavity is configured to be positively pressurized, and the valve plate structure 101 opens a communication passage between the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103. The positive pressure may be generated by a pressure system (not shown) in fluid communication with the inlet conduit 104. The pressure system may comprise an air pump or the like. A positive pressure is generated by a pressure system such as an air pump to the system connected to the inlet pipe 104, and thus a positive pressure can be generated in the lower chamber 103 of the one-way valve chamber. Under the positive pressure, the valve plate structure 101 can open a communication channel between the upper chamber 102 and the lower chamber 103, so that the upper chamber 102 is communicated with the lower chamber 103, and thus the fluid (gas or liquid) in the lower chamber 103 flows into the upper chamber 102 and flows out of the one-way valve through the outlet pipe 105.
In one embodiment, the lower cavity 103 of the one-way valve cavity is configured to be under-pressure, and the valve sheet structure 101 closes a communication channel between the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103. The negative pressure may also be generated by a pressure system (not shown) in fluid communication with the inlet conduit 104. The pressure system may comprise an air pump or the like. A negative pressure is generated to a system connected to the inlet pipe 104 by a pressure system such as an air pump, and thus a negative pressure can be generated in the lower chamber 103 of the check valve chamber. Under the negative pressure, the valve plate structure 101 closes a communication channel between the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103, so that the upper cavity 102 is not communicated with the lower cavity 103, and therefore, the fluid (gas or liquid) in the lower cavity 103 cannot flow into the upper cavity 102, and the fluid (gas or liquid) in the upper cavity 102 cannot flow back into the lower cavity 103.
In one embodiment, the valve sheet structure 101 includes a fixing portion 1011 disposed on an inner wall of the one-way valve cavity 10, and a valve sheet 1012 connected to the fixing portion 1011, where the valve sheet 1012 closes or opens a communication channel between the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103. The valve sheet 1012 is connected to the fixing portion 1011 and can rotate around the fixing portion 1011 in the check valve chamber 10. Meanwhile, the valve plate 1012 also contacts the inner wall of the one-way valve cavity 10, and the contact part with the inner wall of the one-way valve cavity is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the one-way valve cavity. Therefore, the valve sheet 1012 can be in contact with the inner wall of the one-way valve cavity under the action of the negative pressure in the lower cavity 103, so that the communication channel between the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103 is closed, and the fluid (gas or liquid) in the lower cavity 103 cannot flow into the upper cavity 102. Meanwhile, the valve plate 1012 can be spaced from the inner wall of the one-way valve cavity under the positive pressure action in the lower cavity 103, so that a communication channel between the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103 is opened, and fluid (gas or liquid) in the lower cavity 103 can flow into the upper cavity 102 through a gap between the valve plate 1012 and the inner wall of the one-way valve cavity.
In one embodiment, a valve plate stopper is disposed on the inner wall of the one-way valve chamber 10, and the valve plate stopper can support the valve plate 1012. Meanwhile, the end part of the upper surface of the valve plate separation blade can be matched with the end part of the lower surface of the valve plate 1012, so that the upper surface of the valve plate separation blade can be connected with the lower surface of the valve plate, the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103 are separated by a valve plate structure, and a communication channel between the upper cavity and the lower cavity is closed. Moreover, the valve plate baffle plate and the valve plate can be easily separated, so that a communication channel between the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103 can be opened. With such an arrangement, the valve plate can close the communication channel between the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103 under the action of the negative pressure in the lower cavity 103, and the fluid (gas or liquid) in the lower cavity 103 cannot flow into the upper cavity 102. Meanwhile, the valve plate can open a communication channel between the upper cavity 102 and the lower cavity 103 under the action of positive pressure in the lower cavity 103, so that fluid (gas or liquid) in the lower cavity 103 flows into the upper cavity 102.
As shown in FIG. 8, when a sample flows through the valve plate 1012 from bottom to top, the valve plate 1012 can be pushed upwards, the valve plate 1012 can be bent upwards to form a gap, and the sample can flow through the valve plate and continue to move upwards. If the sample flows past the valve plate 1012 from top to bottom, the valve plate 1012 covers the opening of the lower chamber 103 and a seal is formed at this location by deformation of the valve plate 1012, thereby preventing downward movement of the upper sample. In this embodiment, there is no particular limitation on the shapes of the valve sheet, the upper chamber, and the lower chamber, and the like, and the valve sheet is made of a soft material and is an inert material for the sample. However, the area of the valve plate 1012 is required to be larger than the cross-sectional area of the lower chamber 103, the cross-sectional area of the lower end of the upper chamber 102 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the valve plate 1012, and the cross-sectional area of the valve plate 1012 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the upper end of the lower chamber 103.
In one embodiment, the one-way valve mechanism of the present application can easily separate the chambers inside the one-way valve, and can open or close the communication passage between the upper chamber and the lower chamber under the pressure. As shown in fig. 4 to 7, the valve sheet structure can easily open/close the communication passage of the upper chamber and the lower chamber by moving the valve sheet structure in the check valve chamber. FIG. 6 illustrates the situation when the lower chamber 103 in the one-way valve creates a positive pressure, showing the opening of the communication channel between the upper and lower chambers, thereby enabling fluid flow from the lower chamber to the upper chamber; fig. 7 shows the situation when the lower chamber 103 in the one-way valve is generating negative pressure (or no pressure), showing that the communication channel of the upper and lower chambers is closed, whereby fluid cannot flow between the upper and lower chambers. The one-way valve mechanism is simple in structure and convenient to control, and can be easily introduced into pretreatment equipment of the thrombelastogram instrument.
In the present application, as for the check valve mechanism as described above, the inlet pipe 104 of the lower chamber 103 is connected to the sample outlet 32 of the temporary sample storage chamber 3 through a pipeline, and the outlet pipe 105 of the upper chamber 102 is connected to the detection chamber 8 through a pipeline, so that the sample flowing out from the sample outlet 32 of the temporary sample storage chamber 3 is introduced into the detection chamber 8 through the check valve mechanism.
The operation of the pretreatment apparatus is described below:
connecting a sample to be detected with the sample injection device 1, opening the negative pressure valve 64, and generating negative pressure in the temporary sample storage cavity 3, so that the sample is injected into the temporary sample storage cavity 3 through the sample injection device 1, the U-shaped buffer tube 5 and the goose-shaped tube 2, and at the moment, closing the one-way valve mechanism 4;
after the sample introduction is set, the positive pressure valve 61 is opened, the negative pressure valve 64 is closed at the same time, positive pressure is generated in the temporary sample storage cavity 3, and at the moment, the one-way valve mechanism 4 is opened, so that the sample in the temporary sample storage cavity 3 is introduced into the detection cavity 8 through the one-way valve mechanism 4; meanwhile, the sample injection detector 7 can monitor the amount of the sample injected into the check valve mechanism 4 and then into the detection chamber 8.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on operational states of the present application, and are only used for convenience in describing and simplifying the present application, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The present application has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, but these embodiments are merely exemplary and merely illustrative. On the basis of the above, the present application can be subjected to various substitutions and improvements, and the substitutions and the improvements are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A pre-processing apparatus for a thromboelastography device, comprising:
the sample introduction device is used for being connected with a system to be subjected to sample introduction, so that a sample in the system to be subjected to sample introduction is conveyed to the pretreatment equipment through the sample introduction device;
a goose-shaped tube in fluid communication with the sample introduction device;
the temporary sample storage cavity is internally provided with a sample inlet and a sample outlet, and the sample inlet is connected with the goose-shaped pipe; one or more air vents are further arranged in the temporary sample storage cavity, and positive pressure or negative pressure is generated in the temporary sample storage cavity through the air vents;
one side of the one-way valve mechanism is connected with a sample outlet of the sample temporary storage cavity, and the other side of the one-way valve mechanism is connected with a detection cavity of the thrombelastogram instrument.
2. The pretreatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein a U-shaped buffer tube is disposed between the sample injection device and the goose-shaped tube.
3. The pretreatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the buffer chamber is in communication with a pressure system through the vent.
4. The pretreatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pressure system includes an air pump, a positive pressure tank and a negative pressure tank, the air pump is connected to the positive pressure tank and the negative pressure tank, the positive pressure tank is connected to the vent port through a positive pressure valve, and the negative pressure tank is connected to the vent port through a negative pressure valve.
5. The pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sample buffer chamber is further provided with a reagent area for storing a reagent near the sample outlet.
6. The pretreatment apparatus of claim 5, wherein the sample buffer chamber further comprises a reagent inlet for delivering a reagent to the reagent zone.
7. The pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a sample inlet is provided at an upper portion of the sample buffer chamber, and the sample outlet is provided at a lower portion of the sample buffer chamber.
8. The pretreatment apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a sample injection detector disposed between the one-way valve mechanism and the sample buffer chamber.
9. The pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sample introduction device is a blood collection tube insertion needle.
10. The pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detection chamber is a detection cup including a cup body and a cup cover, and a lower portion of the cup body is connected to the check valve mechanism.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911156211.3A CN112834770A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | A preceding processing equipment for thrombelastogram appearance |
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| CN201911156211.3A CN112834770A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | A preceding processing equipment for thrombelastogram appearance |
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