CN111509545A - Ultrafast wavelength scanning laser and implementation method thereof - Google Patents

Ultrafast wavelength scanning laser and implementation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111509545A
CN111509545A CN202010357851.7A CN202010357851A CN111509545A CN 111509545 A CN111509545 A CN 111509545A CN 202010357851 A CN202010357851 A CN 202010357851A CN 111509545 A CN111509545 A CN 111509545A
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optical
optical fiber
port
fiber coupler
polarization controller
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刘刚军
胡毅成
黄智宇
周传清
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Chongqing Beiao New Vision Medical Equipment Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08013—Resonator comprising a fibre, e.g. for modifying dispersion or repetition rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
    • H01S3/10023—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by functional association of additional optical elements, e.g. filters, gratings, reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
    • H01S3/108—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using non-linear optical devices, e.g. exhibiting Brillouin or Raman scattering
    • H01S3/109—Frequency multiplication, e.g. harmonic generation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
    • H01S3/1106—Mode locking

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrafast wavelength scanning laser and an implementation method thereof. The invention realizes the selective output of the fundamental frequency light source and the extra-cavity frequency doubling light source by introducing the optical switch, and has the advantages of high efficiency and ultralow loss.

Description

Ultrafast wavelength scanning laser and implementation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wavelength scanning lasers, in particular to an ultrafast wavelength scanning laser and an implementation method thereof.
Background
Wavelength scanning lasers have wide applications in biomedical imaging, optical communications, and sensing. The time-sharing output device can rapidly output different wavelengths in a time-sharing mode, so that signals can be obtained through rapid sampling of a point detector, and a spectrometer is not required to be used for detection. Over the years, researchers have begun to test using a wide spectrum of light sources (e.g., superluminescent laser diodes) in conjunction with a galvanometer-swept tuned grating, which can achieve a frequency of only 10 Hz. After that, the introduction of resonant scanning mirror, diffraction grating, dispersion prism, rotary polygon and scanning filter, etc. elements, the speed of the outside-cavity wavelength scanning laser is obviously increased. However, conventional tunable lasers have difficulty effectively reducing the cavity length and thus do not enable single longitudinal mode operation of the laser, which also results in a limited coherence length of the light source. In addition, the scanning speed of these scanning schemes is limited because the optical amplifier needs to build up a corresponding laser for each wavelength, the mode needs to jump between the currently active mode and the new mode when the filter sweeps over different wavelengths, and an excessively fast scanning speed will further reduce the coherence length of the light source. To overcome these limitations, researchers have mainly adopted two approaches, the ultrashort and the ultralong chambers.
The patent with application number 2017800319269 proposes a wavelength scanning laser driven by micro-electromechanical (MEMS) tunable vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSE L) for 3D measurement applications, which is at the core of the method to adopt a high performance MEMS-VCSE L wavelength scanning laser as a light source to improve the performance of a wavelength scanning laser system, which has an extremely short laser cavity and can work in a single longitudinal mode to achieve the advantage of a very long coherence length, the scanning speed of such a laser is limited by the mechanical properties of MEMS driving filters, and can only be produced by semiconductor devices, which is complicated in production process and costly, the high-cost patent application number 2019102858217 proposes a broadband high-speed wavelength scanning laser, which has a core of a fourier domain wavelength scanning laser of an ultra-long cavity, and achieves an expansion of spectral bandwidth by cascading different optical amplifiers, however, the wavelength of the method is limited to around 1300nm, which is commonly used in biomedicine, especially the very limited application number 2014101712107 mode-locked mode, proposes a narrow-mode-locked scanning laser, which is difficult to achieve the high scanning speed of the ultra-scanning laser due to the narrow line width and the high scanning speed of the coherent scanning laser.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the technical problems in the prior art, and particularly innovatively provides an ultrafast wavelength scanning laser and an implementation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ultrafast wavelength scanning laser, including a fundamental frequency optical path and a frequency doubling optical path;
the fundamental frequency light path comprises a control card, a first optical amplifier, a first optical isolator, a first optical fiber coupler, a broadband dispersion compensation device, a first optical fiber jumper, a filter, a first polarization controller, a second optical isolator, an optical switch, a second optical amplifier and a third optical isolator; the broadband dispersion compensation device comprises a first optical amplifier, a first optical isolator, a first optical fiber coupler, a broadband dispersion compensation device, a first optical fiber jumper, a filter, a first polarization controller and a second optical isolator which are sequentially connected to form a closed ring cavity;
the broadband light firstly exits from the first optical amplifier through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler and the broadband dispersion compensation device, is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device, then returns to the first optical fiber coupler again, sequentially passes through the first optical fiber jumper, the filter, the first polarization controller and the second optical isolator, then passes through the first optical amplifier, and then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator and the first optical fiber coupler before being output;
if the output light beam passes through the second optical amplifier and the third optical isolator in sequence and then is output by controlling the optical switch, the output light beam is the fundamental frequency light beam;
if the output light beam enters the frequency doubling light path by controlling the optical switch;
the frequency doubling optical path comprises M frequency doubling sub-optical paths, a fourth optical fiber coupler, a third optical amplifier and a fourth optical isolator which are connected in series, wherein M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and is respectively a frequency doubling 1 st sub-optical path and a frequency doublingA 2 nd sub-optical path, a frequency doubling 3 rd sub-optical path, … … and a frequency doubling Mth sub-optical path; the frequency multiplication sub-optical path 1 to the frequency multiplication sub-optical path M are identical in components and comprise optical fiber couplers, optical fiber jumpers and two polarization controllers, wherein the length of the optical fiber jumpers in the frequency multiplication sub-optical path M is 1/2 equal to that of the first optical fiber jumpersmAnd M is a positive integer less than or equal to M.
The light beams from the optical switch pass through the frequency doubling 1 st sub-optical path, the frequency doubling 2 nd sub-optical path, the frequency doubling 3 rd sub-optical path, … … and the frequency doubling Mth sub-optical path in sequence, are combined into one beam through the fourth optical fiber coupler, and finally pass through the third optical amplifier and the fourth optical isolator in sequence and are output, and the frequency doubling light beams are output at the moment.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when M is 1, 1 frequency doubling sub optical path in series includes a frequency doubling 1 st sub optical path;
the frequency doubling 1 st sub-optical path comprises a second optical fiber coupler, a second optical fiber jumper, a second polarization controller and a third polarization controller;
the light beam enters from the second optical fiber coupler and is divided into two parts, one part of the light beam sequentially passes through the second optical fiber jumper and the second polarization controller, and the other part of the light beam passes through the third polarization controller; and the light beams are combined into one beam through a fourth optical fiber coupler, and finally output after passing through a third optical amplifier and a fourth optical isolator in sequence, wherein the output is a frequency doubling light beam.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when M is 2, the 2 frequency doubling sub optical paths connected in series include a frequency doubling 1 st sub optical path and a frequency doubling 2 nd sub optical path;
the frequency doubling 1 st sub-optical path comprises a second optical fiber coupler, a second optical fiber jumper, a second polarization controller and a third polarization controller;
the frequency doubling 2 nd sub-optical path comprises a third optical fiber coupler, a third optical fiber jumper, a fourth polarization controller and a fifth polarization controller;
the light beam enters from the second optical fiber coupler and is divided into two parts, one part of the light beam sequentially passes through the second optical fiber jumper and the second polarization controller, and the other part of the light beam passes through the third polarization controller; then the optical fiber is combined into a bundle by a third optical fiber coupler and then is divided into two paths, one path of the optical fiber sequentially passes through a third optical fiber jumper and a fourth polarization controller, and the other path of the optical fiber passes through a fifth polarization controller; and the light beams are combined into one beam through a fourth optical fiber coupler, and finally output after passing through a third optical amplifier and a fourth optical isolator in sequence, wherein the output is a frequency doubling light beam.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control card is a programmable FPGA control card;
the first optical fiber coupler is a 2 × 2 coupler and is provided with four ports, namely a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, wherein the first port is connected with the first optical isolator, the second port is connected with the broadband dispersion compensation device, the third port is connected with the first optical fiber jumper, and the fourth port is connected with the optical switch;
or/and the second optical fiber coupler is a 1 × 2 coupler, and has three ports, namely a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the optical switch, the second port is connected with the second optical fiber jumper, and the third port is connected with the third polarization controller;
or/and the third optical fiber coupler is a 2 × 2 coupler, and has four ports, namely a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, wherein the first port is connected with the second polarization controller, the second port is connected with the third polarization controller, the third port is connected with the third optical fiber jumper, and the fourth port is connected with the fifth polarization controller;
or/and the fourth optical fiber coupler is a 1 × 2 coupler, and has three ports, namely a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the fourth polarization controller, the second port is connected with the fifth polarization controller, and the third port is connected with the third optical amplifier;
or/and the splitting ratio of the first optical fiber coupler, the second optical fiber coupler, the third optical fiber coupler and the fourth optical fiber coupler is 50: 50;
or/and the length of the second optical fiber patch cord is half of that of the first optical fiber patch cord, and the length of the third optical fiber patch cord is 1/4 of the first optical fiber patch cord;
or/and the central wavelength of the first optical amplifier, the second optical amplifier and the third optical amplifier is 1050nm, and the bandwidth is more than 100 nm;
or/and the Fabry-Perot type filter with the central wavelength of 1050nm and the bandwidth of more than 100 nm;
or/and cavity length L of the laser ring cavity0Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002474078240000052
where c is the speed of light and is 3 × 108m/s; n is the refractive index of the optical fiber; f. ofsweepThe scanning frequency of the output light source of the annular cavity of the laser;
the control card comprises a control signal T11, a control signal T12, a control signal T13 and a control signal T2, wherein the control signal T11 is used for controlling the first optical amplifier, the control signal T12 is used for controlling the second optical amplifier, and the control signal T13 is used for controlling the third optical amplifier to work periodically to amplify the light beam; the control signal T2 controls the filter to work periodically and pass the light beam with set frequency;
the optical switch comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the first optical fiber coupler, the second port is connected with the second optical amplifier, and the third port is connected with the second optical fiber coupler.
The invention also discloses a method for realizing the ultrafast wavelength scanning laser, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the control card judges whether to select the fundamental frequency beam output:
if the selection is the output selection of the fundamental frequency light beam, the control card sends a control signal to the optical switch to lead the optical switch to the second optical amplifier; the control card controls to send out broadband light; step S2 is executed;
if the frequency-doubled light beam output is selected, the control card sends a control signal to the optical switch to enable the optical switch to be communicated with the second optical fiber coupler; the control card controls to send out broadband light; step S4 is executed;
s2, the control card simultaneously outputs control signals T11, T12 and T2; the control signal T11 is used to control the first optical amplifier, and the control signal T12 is used to control the second optical amplifier and make it work periodically; the control signal T2 is used to control the filter to periodically pass light of a set frequency; the working frequency calculation method of the filter comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002474078240000051
where c is the speed of light and is 3 × 108m/s, n is the refractive index of the optical fiber L0The cavity length of the ring cavity of the laser;
s3, the broadband light firstly exits from the first optical amplifier through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler and the dispersion compensation device, is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device, then returns to the first optical fiber coupler, sequentially passes through the first optical fiber jumper, the filter, the first polarization controller and the second optical isolator, then is subjected to power amplification of the first optical amplifier through the filtered narrow-linewidth light beam, and then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler, the optical switch, the second optical amplifier and the third optical isolator to output a fundamental frequency light beam;
s4, the control card simultaneously outputs control signals T11, T13 and T2; the control signal T11 is used to control the first optical amplifier, and the control signal T13 is used to control the third optical amplifier and make it work periodically; the control signal T2 is used to control the filter to periodically pass light of a set frequency;
s5, broadband light firstly exits from a first optical amplifier through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through a first optical isolator, a first optical fiber coupler and a dispersion compensation device, is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device, then returns to the first optical fiber coupler, sequentially passes through a first optical fiber jumper, a filter, a first polarization controller and a second optical isolator, then is subjected to power amplification of the first optical amplifier through filtered narrow-linewidth light beams, sequentially passes through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler and an optical switch, then is divided into two light beams from a second optical fiber coupler, one light beam sequentially passes through the second optical fiber jumper and a second polarization controller, and the other light beam passes through a third polarization controller; then the optical fiber is combined into a bundle by a third optical fiber coupler and then is divided into two paths, one path of the optical fiber sequentially passes through a third optical fiber jumper and a fourth polarization controller, and the other path of the optical fiber passes through a fifth polarization controller; and the light beams are combined into one beam through a fourth optical fiber coupler, and finally, frequency doubling light beams are output after passing through a third optical amplifier and a fourth optical isolator in sequence.
The invention discloses an ultrafast wavelength scanning laser, which comprises a control card, a first optical amplifier, a first optical isolator, a first optical fiber coupler, a broadband dispersion compensation device, a first optical fiber jumper, N serial sub-optical paths, a fourth optical fiber coupler, a filter, a fifth polarization controller, a second optical isolator, a second optical amplifier and a third optical isolator, wherein the first optical isolator is connected with the first optical fiber coupler; the N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and is a 1 st sub-optical path, a 2 nd sub-optical path, a 3 rd sub-optical path, … … and an Nth sub-optical path respectively; the 1 st sub-optical path to the Nth sub-optical path have the same components and comprise optical fiber couplers, optical fiber jumpers and two polarization controllers, wherein the length of the optical fiber jumpers in the nth sub-optical path is 1/2 times of the length of the first optical fiber jumpersnAnd N is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
The broadband light firstly exits from the first optical amplifier through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler and the broadband dispersion compensation device, is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device, then returns to the first optical fiber coupler, then enters the first optical fiber jumper, then sequentially passes through the 1 st sub-optical path, the 2 nd sub-optical path, the 3 rd sub-optical path, … … and the Nth sub-optical path, is combined into one beam through the fourth optical fiber coupler, then is filtered by the filter, then sequentially passes through the fifth polarization controller and the second optical isolator, then passes through the first optical amplifier, and then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler, the second optical amplifier and the third optical isolator to output the beam.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when N takes 1, 1 serial sub-optical path includes the 1 st sub-optical path;
the 1 st sub-optical path comprises a second optical fiber coupler, a second optical fiber jumper, a first polarization controller and a second polarization controller;
the broadband light firstly exits from the first optical amplifier through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler and the broadband dispersion compensation device, the light beam is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device and then returns to the first optical fiber coupler, then the light beam sequentially enters the first optical fiber jumper and the second optical fiber coupler, the second optical fiber coupler divides the light beam into two parts, one part of the light beam sequentially passes through the second optical fiber jumper and the first polarization controller, the other part of the light beam passes through the second polarization controller, the two light beams are combined into one beam at the fourth optical fiber coupler, the light beam is filtered by the filter, then the light beam is output after sequentially passing through the fifth polarization controller and the second optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler, the second optical amplifier and the third optical isolator after passing through the first optical amplifier.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when N takes 2, the N serial sub optical paths include a 1 st sub optical path and a 2 nd sub optical path;
the 1 st sub-optical path comprises a second optical fiber coupler, a second optical fiber jumper, a first polarization controller and a second polarization controller;
the 2 nd sub-optical path comprises a third optical fiber coupler, a third optical fiber jumper, a third polarization controller and a fourth polarization controller;
the broadband light firstly exits from a first optical amplifier through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through a first optical isolator, a first optical fiber coupler and a broadband dispersion compensation device, the light beam is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device and then returns to the first optical fiber coupler, then sequentially enters a first optical fiber jumper and a second optical fiber coupler, the second optical fiber coupler divides the light beam into two parts, one part of the light beam sequentially passes through the second optical fiber jumper and a first polarization controller, the other part of the light beam passes through a second polarization controller, two light beams are combined into one beam at a third optical fiber coupler and then is divided into two parts, one part of the light beam sequentially passes through the third optical fiber jumper and a third polarization controller, the other part of the light beam passes through a fourth polarization controller, the two light beams are combined into one beam at the fourth optical fiber coupler, then the light beam is filtered by a filter, then sequentially passes through a fifth polarization controller and a second optical isolator, and then passes through the first optical amplifier, and then the light beams are output after passing through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler, the second optical amplifier and the third optical isolator in sequence.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control card is a programmable FPGA control card;
or/and the first optical fiber coupler is a 2 × 2 coupler, and has four ports, namely a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, wherein the first port is connected with the first optical isolator, the second port is connected with the broadband dispersion compensation device, the third port is connected with the first optical fiber jumper, and the fourth port is connected with the second optical amplifier;
or/and the second optical fiber coupler is a 1 × 2 coupler, and comprises three ports, namely a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the first optical fiber jumper, the second port is connected with the second optical fiber jumper, and the third port is connected with the second polarization controller;
or/and the third optical fiber coupler is a 2 × 2 coupler, and comprises four ports, namely a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, wherein the first port is connected with the first polarization controller, the second port is connected with the second polarization controller, the third port is connected with a third optical fiber jumper, and the fourth port is connected with the fourth polarization controller;
or/and the fourth optical fiber coupler is a 1 × 2 coupler, and comprises three ports, namely a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the third polarization controller, the second port is connected with the fourth polarization controller, and the third port is connected with the fourth optical fiber coupler;
or/and the splitting ratio of the first optical fiber coupler, the second optical fiber coupler, the third optical fiber coupler and the fourth optical fiber coupler is 50: 50;
or/and the length of the second optical fiber patch cord is half of that of the first optical fiber patch cord; the length of the third optical fiber patch cord is one fourth of that of the first optical fiber patch cord;
or/and the central wavelength of the first optical amplifier and the second optical amplifier is 1050nm, and the bandwidth is more than 100 nm;
or/and the Fabry-Perot type filter with the central wavelength of 1050nm and the bandwidth of more than 100 nm;
or/and cavity length L of the laser ring cavity0Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002474078240000091
where c is the speed of light and is 3 × 108m/s; n is the refractive index of the optical fiber; f. offilterIs the scan frequency of the filter;
or/and the control card comprises output control signals T1 and T2; t1 is used to control the first optical amplifier and the second optical amplifier to work periodically to amplify the light beam; t2 is used to control the filter to periodically pass the set frequency beam.
The invention also discloses a method for realizing the ultrafast wavelength scanning laser, which comprises the following steps that:
s1, the control card simultaneously outputs control signals T1 and T2; t1 is used to control the first optical amplifier and the second optical amplifier to work synchronously for laser amplification; the control signal T2 is used to control the filter to periodically pass through the light beam with a set frequency; the scanning frequency of the filter is as follows:
Figure BDA0002474078240000092
where c is the speed of light and is 3 × 108m/s, n is the refractive index of the optical fiber L0The cavity length of the ring cavity of the laser;
s2, the broadband light is firstly emitted from the first optical amplifier by spontaneous radiation, then passes through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler and the broadband dispersion compensation device in sequence, the light beam is returned to the first optical fiber coupler after being reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device, then enters the first optical fiber jumper, the second optical fiber coupler divides the light beam into two parts, one part passes through the second optical fiber jumper and the first polarization controller in sequence, the other part passes through the second polarization controller, the two light beams are combined into one beam at the third optical fiber coupler and then are divided into two parts, one part passes through the third optical fiber jumper and the third polarization controller in sequence, the other part passes through the fourth polarization controller, the two light beams are combined into one beam at the fourth optical fiber coupler, then pass through the filter for filtering, the passing narrow linewidth light beam passes through the fifth polarization controller and the second optical isolator, and the narrow linewidth light beam with amplified power is output under the stimulated radiation amplification effect of the first optical amplifier, and then the light beams are output after passing through the first optical isolator, the first optical fiber coupler, the second optical amplifier and the third optical isolator in sequence.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by optimizing the light path design, the ring cavity of the laser can be realized without a circulator, so that the output of the wavelength scanning laser is realized, and the hardware cost is reduced; moreover, the bandwidth of the circulator on the market at present at a 1050nm waveband is only 20-40 nm, so that the bandwidth of the final wavelength scanning laser can be limited by adopting the circulator scheme; the invention adopts the scheme that the optical fiber coupler replaces a circulator, and can realize the high-performance wavelength scanning laser with the central wavelength of 1050nm, the wavelength scanning width of more than 100nm and the scanning frequency of more than 1 MHz.
The invention realizes the selective output of the fundamental frequency light source and the extra-cavity frequency doubling light source by introducing the optical switch, and has the advantages of high efficiency and ultralow loss.
The invention realizes 2 fundamental frequencies by cascading k frequency-doubling optical paths togetherk(k is a positive integer) frequency doubling effect; particularly, the frequency requirement of the extra-cavity frequency multiplication scheme on the filter is only 1/2 of the scanning frequencykTherefore, the ultra-fast mode-locking wavelength scanning laser can be easily realized, and the requirement on a hardware system is reduced.
An effective high-speed scheme is provided for applications such as biomedical imaging, optical communication and sensing systems, and the application value of the system is greatly improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device principle of a typical wavelength-scanning laser at present.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device principle of the extra-cavity frequency-doubled ultrafast wavelength-scanned laser of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus principle of the intracavity frequency-doubled ultrafast wavelength-swept laser of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 (a), the basic wavelength-swept laser includes an optical amplifier, a first isolator, a fiber jumper, a coupler, a filter, a polarization controller, and a second isolator, but this scheme does not take into account the problem of fiber dispersion and is therefore only suitable for producing a wavelength-swept laser for a near-zero dispersion wavelength system in an optical fiber.
Shown in fig. 1 (b) is a wavelength-swept laser of a typical non-zero dispersion wavelength system, which is used to correct for the dispersion caused by a broad spectrum by adding a circulator and a dispersion compensator to fig. 1 (a), thereby achieving timing synchronization of different frequency lights of the laser. However, due to the bandwidth limitation of the circulator, the spectral range of the output of the scheme is relatively small, basically 20-40 nm, which is far from enough for high-performance application.
As shown in fig. 2, the ultrafast wavelength-scanning laser with frequency doubling outside the cavity provided by the present invention includes a fundamental frequency optical path and a frequency-doubling optical path. The fundamental frequency optical path comprises a control card 1, a first optical amplifier 2, a first optical isolator 3, a first optical fiber coupler 4, a broadband dispersion compensation device 5, a first optical fiber jumper 6, a filter 7, a first polarization controller 8, a second optical isolator 9, an optical switch 10, a second optical amplifier 11 and a third optical isolator 12. The frequency doubling optical path comprises a second optical fiber coupler 20, a second optical fiber jumper 21, a second polarization controller 22, a third polarization controller 23, a third optical fiber coupler 24, a third optical fiber jumper 25, a fourth polarization controller 26, a fifth polarization controller 27, a fourth optical fiber coupler 28, a third optical amplifier 29 and a fourth optical isolator 30.
In a fundamental frequency light path, a first optical amplifier 2, a first optical isolator 3, a first optical fiber coupler 4, a broadband dispersion compensation device 5, a first optical fiber jumper 6, a filter 7, a first polarization controller 8 and a second optical isolator 9 are connected in sequence to form a closed ring cavity. The control card 1 is used for generating control signals T1 and T2, and the preferred control card 1 is a programmable FPGA control card; wherein, T1 controls the first optical amplifier 2, the second optical amplifier 11, and the third optical amplifier 29 to operate periodically, and T2 controls the filter 7 to operate periodically. The first optical fiber coupler 4 is provided with four ports, wherein the first port is connected with the first optical isolator 3, the second port is connected with the broadband dispersion compensation device 5, the third port is connected with the first optical fiber jumper 6, and the fourth port is connected with the optical switch 10. The splitting ratio of the first fiber coupler 4 is closely related to the overall laser operating efficiency, and since one cycle of the ring cavity optical path needs to pass back and forth through the first fiber coupler 4 twice, the optimal splitting ratio of the first fiber coupler 4 is 50: 50. The broadband dispersion compensation device 5 is used to adjust the dispersion, since different propagation velocities of light of different frequencies in the fiber medium affect the filtering effect of the filter 7.
In order to enable the wavelength-swept laser to operate, a first optical fiber jumper 6 of several hundred meters length is incorporated into the laser ring cavity. By periodically controlling the filter 7, its period is matched to the optical round trip time of the laser ring cavity. That is, the broadband light generated by the first optical amplifier 2 is converted into light with a narrow line width by the modulated filter 7, and then the power of the frequency light is increased by the amplification of the first optical amplifier 2, and then the light is emitted through the first optical fiber coupler 4. By synchronous clocking, the narrow linewidth light of this frequency cannot immediately pass through the filter 7 again. By analogy, the filter 7 moves for a whole period to realize the wavelength scanning of a wide spectrum. The light beam emitted through the fourth port of the first fiber coupler 4 can be switched by the optical switch 10 to directly output the fundamental frequency scanning light beam or the frequency doubled scanning light beam. The optical switch 10 includes three ports, a first port is connected to the first optical fiber coupler 4, a second port is connected to the second optical amplifier 11, a third port is connected to the second optical fiber coupler 20, and the second port and the third port are output ports and can only select a single output. If the output of the scanning beam at the fundamental frequency is selected, the beam just output passes through the second optical amplifier 11 and the third optical isolator 12 in sequence through the second port of the optical switch 10. The first optical isolator 3 and the second optical isolator 9 are used to ensure the beam moving direction of the ring cavity of the laser, because the optical amplifier emits light in both directions. The first polarization controller 8 is used to adjust the polarization state of the light in the ring cavity of the laser, thereby improving the working efficiency of the ring cavity.
For example, the first optical amplifier 2 has a central wavelength of 1050nm and a bandwidth of more than 100nm, the filter 7 is a Fabry-Perot filter with a central wavelength of 1050nm and a bandwidth of more than 100nm, and the ring cavity length of the laser is L0Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002474078240000131
where c is the speed of light and is 3 × 108m/s; n is the refractive index of the fiber, which has a value of 1.347; f. ofsweepIs the scanning frequency of the output light source of the ring cavity of the laser, whose value is equal to the operating frequency of the filter 7. For the sake of discussion, the additional optical path difference introduced by the components is ignored next, and the cavity length in the ring cavity of the laser is considered to be determined by the first optical fiber jumper 6, which is 534m, and it is deduced that the wavelength swept laser frequency output by the ring cavity at this time is 417 kHz. I.e. the light beam exiting the fourth port (or the third optical isolator 12) of the first fiber coupler 4 is a 417kHz wavelength-swept laser.
The second fiber coupler 20 and the fourth fiber coupler 24 each include three ports, the third fiber coupler 24 includes four ports, and the optimal splitting ratios thereof are 50: 50. The gains of the first optical amplifier 2, the second optical amplifier 11 and the third optical amplifier 29 are set according to actual requirements, and the gains may be equal or completely different.
If the output frequency-doubled scanning light beam is selected, the light beam enters the first frequency-doubled light path from the third port of the optical switch 10, that is, the light beam enters from the second fiber coupler 20 and is divided into two paths, one path passes through the second fiber jumper 21 and the second polarization controller 22, and the other path passes through the third polarization controller 23 only. The length of the second optical fiber jumper 21 is half of that of the first optical fiber jumper 6, namely 267 m. Then, the light beam emitted from the first double frequency light path is combined into one by the third optical fiber coupler 24 and then divided into two, one passes through the third optical fiber jumper 25 and the fourth polarization controller 26, the other passes through the fifth polarization controller 27 only, and then is combined into one by the fourth optical fiber coupler 28, and finally a quadruple frequency (1.68MHz) wavelength scanning laser is output by the power amplification of the third optical amplifier 29 and the fourth optical isolator 30. The length of the third optical fiber patch cord 25 is 1/4 m, namely 133.5m of the first optical fiber patch cord 6. Since the introduction of a longer fiber affects the polarization state, the polarization state is adjusted by the second polarization controller 22, the third polarization controller 23, the fourth polarization controller 26, and the fifth polarization controller 27.
The method for realizing the ultrafast wavelength scanning laser comprises the following steps:
(1) the control card 1 outputs control signals T11, T12, T13 and T2; the control signal T11 is used to control the first optical amplifier 2, the control signal T12 is used to control the second optical amplifier 11, the control signal T13 is used to control the third optical amplifier 29 to operate periodically for laser amplification; the synchronization control signal T2 is used to control the filter 7 to pass light of a set frequency selectively and periodically. If the fundamental frequency light beam is selected to be output, the control signal T11 and the control signal T12 are synchronously output, and the control signal T13 is not output, that is, the first optical amplifier 2 and the second optical amplifier 11 are synchronously operated, and the third optical amplifier 29 is not operated; if the frequency-doubled light beam is selected to be output, the control signal T11 and the control signal T13 are output synchronously, and the control signal T12 is not output, that is, the first optical amplifier 2 and the third optical amplifier 29 operate synchronously, and the second optical amplifier 11 does not operate.
(2) The broadband light firstly exits from the first optical amplifier 2 through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator 3, the first optical fiber coupler 4 and the broadband dispersion compensation device 5, and is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device 5, and then the light beam returns to the first optical fiber coupler 4 again, (due to the isolation of the first optical isolator 3, the light beam reflected from the broadband dispersion compensation device 5 and returning to the first optical fiber coupler cannot pass through the first optical isolator 3), and then passes through the first optical fiber jumper 6, the filter 7, the first polarization controller 8 and the second optical isolator 9, and after the power amplification of the first optical amplifier 2, the narrow linewidth light beam after being filtered passes through the first optical isolator 3 and the first optical fiber coupler 4, the narrow linewidth light beam can be output. And circularly outputting after one filtering period, namely realizing the output of the broadband wavelength scanning laser.
If the fundamental frequency light beam is selected to be output, the light beam is output after passing through the second optical amplifier 11 and the second optical isolator 12 only by controlling the optical switch 10, and the fundamental frequency light beam is output at this time.
If the frequency-doubled light beam is selected to be output, the light beam enters the second optical fiber coupler 20 by controlling the optical switch 10, then sequentially passes through the two frequency-doubled light paths, the third optical amplifier 29 and the fourth optical isolator 30, and finally, a frequency-quadrupled light beam is output.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention further provides an intracavity frequency-doubled ultrafast mode-locked wavelength scanning laser, which includes a control card 101, a first optical amplifier 102, a first optical isolator 103, a first optical fiber coupler 104, a broadband dispersion compensation device 105, a first optical fiber jumper 106, a second optical fiber coupler 107, a second optical fiber jumper 108, a first polarization controller 109, a second polarization controller 110, a third optical fiber coupler 111, a third optical fiber jumper 112, a third polarization controller 113, a fourth polarization controller 114, a fourth optical fiber coupler 115, a filter 116, a fifth polarization controller 117, a second optical isolator 118, a second optical amplifier 119, and a third optical isolator 120. For convenience of description, it is considered that there is no optical path except for the optical fiber jumper.
The length of the first optical fiber jumper 106 is considered to be the laser circulator cavity length L0And satisfies:
Figure BDA0002474078240000151
where c is the speed of light and is 3 × 108m/s; n is the refractive index of the optical fiber; f. offilterIs the scan frequency of the filter 116. The length of the second optical fiber jumper 108 is half of that of the first optical fiber jumper 106. The third optical fiber patch cord 112 has a length of one-fourth of the length of the first optical fiber patch cord 106.
The first optical fiber coupler 104 has four ports, a first port is connected with the first optical isolator 103, a second port is connected with the broadband dispersion compensation device 105, a third port is connected with the first optical fiber jumper 106, and a fourth port is connected with the second optical amplifier 119. The optimal splitting ratio of the first fiber coupler 104 is 50: 50.
The broadband dispersion compensating device 5 is used to adjust the dispersion.
The second optical fiber coupler 107 and the fourth optical fiber coupler 115 both include three ports, the third optical fiber coupler 111 includes four ports, and the optimal splitting ratio is 50: 50. The gains of the first optical amplifier 102 and the second optical amplifier 119 are set according to actual requirements, and the gains may be equal or completely different.
The first polarization controller 109, the second polarization controller 110, the third polarization controller 113, the fourth polarization controller 114 and the fifth polarization controller 117 are used to adjust the polarization state.
The operation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the control card 101 simultaneously outputs control signals T1 and T2; t1 is used to control the first optical amplifier 102 and the second optical amplifier 119 to operate synchronously for laser amplification; the control signal T2 is used to control the filter 116 to periodically selectively pass light of a set frequency.
(2) The broadband light firstly exits from the first optical amplifier 102 through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator 103, the first optical fiber coupler 104 and the broadband dispersion compensation device 105, the light beam reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device 105 returns to the first optical fiber coupler 104 again (due to the isolation of the first optical isolator 103, the light beam reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device 105 and returning to the first optical fiber coupler cannot pass through the first optical isolator 103), then enters the first optical fiber jumper 106, the second optical fiber coupler 107 divides the light beam into two parts, one part passes through the second optical fiber jumper 108 and the first polarization controller 109, the other part passes through the second polarization controller 110, the two light beams are combined into one part at the third optical fiber coupler 111 and then are divided into two parts, the other part passes through the third optical fiber jumper 112 and the third polarization controller 113, and the fourth polarization controller 114, the two beams are combined into one beam at the fourth fiber coupler 115, and then filtered by the filter 116 with the selected set frequency, and the passed narrow linewidth beam then passes through the fifth polarization controller 117 and the second optical isolator 118, and outputs the power-amplified narrow linewidth beam under the stimulated radiation amplification of the second optical amplifier 119, and then outputs the power-amplified narrow linewidth beam through the first optical isolator 103, the first fiber coupler 104, the second optical amplifier 119 and the third optical isolator 120. The whole system forms a closed-loop laser annular cavity, and the intracavity frequency doubling output of the broadband wavelength scanning laser is realized through the cyclic output of a filtering period.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An ultrafast wavelength scanning laser is characterized by comprising a fundamental frequency optical path and a frequency doubling optical path;
the fundamental frequency light path comprises a control card (1), a first optical amplifier (2), a first optical isolator (3), a first optical fiber coupler (4), a broadband dispersion compensation device (5), a first optical fiber jumper (6), a filter (7), a first polarization controller (8), a second optical isolator (9), an optical switch (10), a second optical amplifier (11) and a third optical isolator (12); the broadband dispersion compensation device comprises a first optical amplifier (2), a first optical isolator (3), a first optical fiber coupler (4), a broadband dispersion compensation device (5), a first optical fiber jumper (6), a filter (7), a first polarization controller (8) and a second optical isolator (9), wherein the first optical amplifier, the first optical isolator (3), the first optical fiber coupler and the broadband dispersion compensation device are sequentially connected to form a closed-loop annular cavity;
the broadband light firstly exits from a first optical amplifier (2) through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through a first optical isolator (3), a first optical fiber coupler (4) and a broadband dispersion compensation device (5), is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device (5), then returns to the first optical fiber coupler (4), sequentially passes through a first optical fiber jumper (6), a filter (7), a first polarization controller (8) and a second optical isolator (9), and then sequentially passes through the first optical amplifier (2), and then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator (3) and the first optical fiber coupler (4) to be output;
if the output light beam passes through the second optical amplifier (11) and the third optical isolator (12) in sequence and then is output by controlling the optical switch (10), the output light beam is a fundamental frequency light beam;
if the output light beam enters the frequency doubling light path by controlling the optical switch (10);
the frequency doubling optical path comprises M frequency doubling sub optical paths, a fourth optical fiber coupler (28), a third optical amplifier (29) and a fourth optical isolator (30) which are connected in series, wherein M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and is respectively a frequency doubling 1 st sub optical path, a frequency doubling 2 nd sub optical path, a frequency doubling 3 rd sub optical path, … … and a frequency doubling Mth sub optical path;
the light beams from the optical switch (10) pass through a frequency doubling 1 st sub-optical path, a frequency doubling 2 nd sub-optical path, a frequency doubling 3 rd sub-optical path, … … and a frequency doubling Mth sub-optical path in sequence, are combined into one beam through a fourth optical fiber coupler (28), finally pass through a third optical amplifier (29) and a fourth optical isolator (30) in sequence and are output, and the frequency doubling light beams are output at the moment.
2. The ultrafast wavelength scanning laser of claim 1, wherein when M takes 1, the 1 serially connected frequency-doubled sub-optical paths comprise a frequency-doubled 1 st sub-optical path;
the frequency doubling 1 st sub-optical path comprises a second optical fiber coupler (20), a second optical fiber jumper (21), a second polarization controller (22) and a third polarization controller (23);
the light beam enters from the second optical fiber coupler (20) and then is divided into two paths, one path of light beam sequentially passes through the second optical fiber jumper (21) and the second polarization controller (22), and the other path of light beam passes through the third polarization controller (23); then the light beams are combined into one beam through a fourth optical fiber coupler (28), finally the light beams pass through a third optical amplifier (29) and a fourth optical isolator (30) in sequence and then are output, and the output is a frequency doubling light beam.
3. The ultrafast wavelength scanning laser of claim 1, wherein when M takes 2, the 2 frequency-doubled sub-optical paths in series comprise a frequency-doubled 1 st sub-optical path and a frequency-doubled 2 nd sub-optical path;
the frequency doubling 1 st sub-optical path comprises a second optical fiber coupler (20), a second optical fiber jumper (21), a second polarization controller (22) and a third polarization controller (23);
the frequency doubling 2 nd sub-optical path comprises a third optical fiber coupler (24), a third optical fiber jumper (25), a fourth polarization controller (26) and a fifth polarization controller (27);
the light beam enters from the second optical fiber coupler (20) and then is divided into two paths, one path of light beam sequentially passes through the second optical fiber jumper (21) and the second polarization controller (22), and the other path of light beam passes through the third polarization controller (23); then the two are combined into a bundle through a third optical fiber coupler (24) and then are divided into two paths, one path of the bundle sequentially passes through a third optical fiber jumper (25) and a fourth polarization controller (26), and the other path of the bundle passes through a fifth polarization controller (27); then the light beams are combined into one beam through a fourth optical fiber coupler (28), finally the light beams pass through a third optical amplifier (29) and a fourth optical isolator (30) in sequence and then are output, and the output is a frequency doubling light beam.
4. The ultrafast wavelength scanning laser according to claim 3, wherein the control card (1) is a programmable FPGA control card;
or/and the first optical fiber coupler (4) is provided with four ports, namely a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port; the first port is connected with the first optical isolator (3), the second port is connected with the broadband dispersion compensation device (5), the third port is connected with the first optical fiber jumper (6), and the fourth port is connected with the optical switch (10);
or/and the second optical fiber coupler (20) is provided with three ports, namely a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the optical switch (10), the second port is connected with the second optical fiber jumper (21), and the third port is connected with the third polarization controller (23);
or/and the third optical fiber coupler (24) is provided with four ports which are respectively a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, the first port is connected with the second polarization controller (22), the second port is connected with the third polarization controller (23), the third port is connected with the third optical fiber jumper (25), and the fourth port is connected with the fifth polarization controller (27);
or/and the fourth optical fiber coupler (28) is provided with three ports, namely a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the fourth polarization controller (26), the second port is connected with the fifth polarization controller (27), and the third port is connected with the third optical amplifier (29);
or/and the splitting ratio of the first optical fiber coupler (4), the second optical fiber coupler (20), the third optical fiber coupler (24) and the fourth optical fiber coupler (28) is 50: 50;
or/and the length of the second optical fiber patch cord (21) is half of that of the first optical fiber patch cord (6), and the length of the third optical fiber patch cord (25) is 1/4 of the first optical fiber patch cord (6);
or/and the first optical amplifier (2), the second optical amplifier (11) and the third optical amplifier (29) have a central wavelength of 1050nm and a bandwidth of more than 100 nm;
or/and the filter (7) has a central wavelength of 1050nm and a bandwidth of more than 100 nm;
or/and cavity length L of the laser ring cavity0Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure FDA0002474078230000031
where c is the speed of light and is 3 × 108m/s; n is the refractive index of the optical fiber; f. ofsweepThe scanning frequency of the output light source of the annular cavity of the laser;
or/and the control card (1) comprises a control circuit for generating control signals T11, T12, T13 and T2, wherein the control signal T11 is used for controlling the first optical amplifier (2), the control signal T12 is used for controlling the second optical amplifier (11), and the control signal T13 is used for controlling the third optical amplifier (29) to work periodically to amplify the light beam; the control signal T2 controls the filter (7) to work periodically and pass the light beam with the set frequency;
or/and the optical switch (10) comprises three ports which are respectively a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the first optical fiber coupler (4), the second port is connected with the second optical amplifier (11), and the third port is connected with the second optical fiber coupler (20).
5. A method for implementing an ultrafast wavelength scanning laser according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, the control card (1) judges whether to select the fundamental frequency beam output:
if the selection is the fundamental frequency light beam output, the control card (1) sends a control signal to the optical switch (10) to lead the optical switch (10) to the second optical amplifier (11); step S2 is executed;
if the frequency-doubled light beam output is selected, the control card sends a control signal to the optical switch (10) to enable the optical switch (10) to be communicated with the second optical fiber coupler (20); step S4 is executed;
s2, the control card (1) simultaneously outputs control signals T11, T12 and T2; the control signal T11 is used for controlling the first optical amplifier (2), the control signal T12 is used for controlling the second optical amplifier (11) and making it work periodically; the control signal T2 is used to control the filter (7) to periodically pass the light with the set frequency;
s3, the broadband light firstly exits from a first optical amplifier (2) through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through a first optical isolator (3), a first optical fiber coupler (4) and a dispersion compensation device (5), is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device (5), and then returns to the first optical fiber coupler (4), then sequentially passes through a first optical fiber jumper (6), a filter (7), a first polarization controller (8) and a second optical isolator (9), and then outputs a fundamental frequency light beam after being amplified by the power of the first optical amplifier (2) of the narrow linewidth light beam after being filtered, and then sequentially passes through the first optical isolator (3), the first optical fiber coupler (4), an optical switch (10), a second optical amplifier (11) and a third optical isolator (12);
s4, the control card (1) simultaneously outputs control signals T11, T13 and T2; the control signal T11 is used for controlling the first optical amplifier (2), the control signal T13 is used for controlling the third optical amplifier (29) and making it work periodically; the control signal T2 is used to control the filter (7) to periodically pass the light with the set frequency;
s5, the broadband light firstly exits from the first optical amplifier (2) through spontaneous radiation, then passes through the first optical isolator (3), the first optical fiber coupler (4) and the dispersion compensation device (5) in sequence, and after being reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device (5), the light beam returns to the first optical fiber coupler (4) again, then sequentially passes through a first optical fiber jumper (6), a filter (7), a first polarization controller (8) and a second optical isolator (9), then, after power amplification of the first optical amplifier (2) and sequentially passing through the first optical isolator (3), the first optical fiber coupler (4) and the optical switch (10), a light beam coming from the second optical fiber coupler (20) is divided into two parts, one part passes through the second optical fiber jumper (21) and the second polarization controller (22) in sequence, and the other part passes through the third polarization controller (23); then the two are combined into a bundle through a third optical fiber coupler (24) and then are divided into two paths, one path of the bundle sequentially passes through a third optical fiber jumper (25) and a fourth polarization controller (26), and the other path of the bundle passes through a fifth polarization controller (27); then the optical signals are combined into one beam through a fourth optical fiber coupler (28), and finally the frequency-doubled optical beams are output after passing through a third optical amplifier (29) and a fourth optical isolator (30) in sequence.
6. An ultrafast wavelength scanning laser is characterized by comprising a control card (101), a first optical amplifier (102), a first optical isolator (103), a first optical fiber coupler (104), a broadband dispersion compensation device (105), a first optical fiber jumper (106), N series-connected sub-optical paths, a fourth optical fiber coupler (115), a filter (116), a fifth polarization controller (117), a second optical isolator (118), a second optical amplifier (119) and a third optical isolator (120); the N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and is a 1 st sub-optical path, a 2 nd sub-optical path, a 3 rd sub-optical path, … … and an Nth sub-optical path respectively;
the broadband light firstly exits from a first optical amplifier (102) through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through a first optical isolator (103), a first optical fiber coupler (104) and a broadband dispersion compensation device (105), and returns to the first optical fiber coupler (104) after being reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device (105), then enters a first optical fiber jumper (106), sequentially passes through a 1 st sub-optical path, a 2 nd sub-optical path, a 3 rd sub-optical path, … … and an Nth sub-optical path, and is combined into a bundle by a fourth optical fiber coupler (115), then the light is filtered by a filter (116), passes through a fifth polarization controller (117) and a second optical isolator (118) in turn, passes through a first optical amplifier (102), then the light beam is output after passing through a first optical isolator (103), a first optical fiber coupler (104), a second optical amplifier (119) and a third optical isolator (120) in sequence.
7. The ultrafast wavelength scanning laser of claim 6, wherein when N takes 1, the 1 serial sub-optical path comprises a 1 st sub-optical path;
the 1 st sub-optical path comprises a second optical fiber coupler (107), a second optical fiber jumper (108), a first polarization controller (109) and a second polarization controller (110);
broadband light is firstly emitted from a first optical amplifier (102) through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through a first optical isolator (103), a first optical fiber coupler (104) and a broadband dispersion compensation device (105), is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device (105), then returns to the first optical fiber coupler (104), then sequentially enters a first optical fiber jumper (106) and a second optical fiber coupler (107), the second optical fiber coupler (107) divides the light beam into two parts, one part of the light beam sequentially passes through a second optical fiber jumper (108) and a first polarization controller (109), the other part of the light beam passes through a second polarization controller (110), one light beam is combined into two beams at a fourth optical fiber coupler (115), then is filtered by a filter (116), and then sequentially passes through a fifth polarization controller (117) and a second optical isolator (118), and then passes through the first optical amplifier (102), then the light beam is output after passing through a first optical isolator (103), a first optical fiber coupler (104), a second optical amplifier (119) and a third optical isolator (120) in sequence.
8. The ultrafast wavelength scanning laser of claim 6, wherein when N takes 2, the N serial sub-optical paths include a 1 st sub-optical path and a 2 nd sub-optical path;
the 1 st sub-optical path comprises a second optical fiber coupler (107), a second optical fiber jumper (108), a first polarization controller (109) and a second polarization controller (110);
the 2 nd sub-optical path comprises a third optical fiber coupler (111), a third optical fiber jumper (112), a third polarization controller (113) and a fourth polarization controller (114);
broadband light firstly exits from a first optical amplifier (102) through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through a first optical isolator (103), a first optical fiber coupler (104) and a broadband dispersion compensation device (105), the light beam returns to the first optical fiber coupler (104) after being reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device (105), then sequentially enters a first optical fiber jumper (106) and a second optical fiber coupler (107), the second optical fiber coupler (107) divides the light beam into two parts, one part of the light beam sequentially passes through a second optical fiber jumper (108) and a first polarization controller (109), the other part of the light beam passes through a second polarization controller (110), the two light beams are combined into two parts at a third optical fiber coupler (111), one part of the light beam sequentially passes through a third optical fiber jumper (112) and a third polarization controller (113), the other part of the light beam passes through a fourth polarization controller (114), and the two light beams are combined into one beam at the fourth optical fiber coupler (115), and then the light beam passes through a filter (116), a fifth polarization controller (117) and a second optical isolator (118) in sequence, passes through a first optical amplifier (102), passes through a first optical isolator (103), a first optical fiber coupler (104), a second optical amplifier (119) and a third optical isolator (120) in sequence, and then is output.
9. The ultrafast wavelength scanning laser according to claim 8, wherein the control card (1) is a programmable FPGA control card;
or/and the first optical fiber coupler (104) is provided with four ports, namely a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, wherein the first port is connected with the first optical isolator (103), the second port is connected with the broadband dispersion compensation device (105), the third port is connected with the first optical fiber jumper (106), and the fourth port is connected with the second optical amplifier (119);
or/and the second optical fiber coupler (107) comprises three ports, namely a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the first optical fiber jumper (106), the second port is connected with the second optical fiber jumper (108), and the third port is connected with the second polarization controller (110);
or/and the third optical fiber coupler (111) comprises four ports, namely a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, wherein the first port is connected with the first polarization controller (109), the second port is connected with the second polarization controller (110), the third port is connected with the third optical fiber jumper (112), and the fourth port is connected with the fourth polarization controller (114);
or/and the fourth optical fiber coupler (115) comprises three ports, namely a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with the third polarization controller (113), the second port is connected with the fourth polarization controller (114), and the third port is connected with the fourth optical fiber coupler (115);
or/and the splitting ratio of the first optical fiber coupler (104), the second optical fiber coupler (107), the third optical fiber coupler (111) and the fourth optical fiber coupler (115) is 50: 50;
or/and the length of the second optical fiber patch cord (108) is half of that of the first optical fiber patch cord (106); the length of the third optical fiber patch cord (112) is one fourth of that of the first optical fiber patch cord (106);
or/and the first optical amplifier (102) and the second optical amplifier (119) have a center wavelength of 1050nm and a bandwidth of more than 100 nm;
or/and a Fabry-Perot filter with a central wavelength of 1050nm and a bandwidth of more than 100nm for the filter (116);
or/and cavity length L of the laser ring cavity0Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure FDA0002474078230000081
where c is the speed of light and is 3 × 108m/s; n is the refractive index of the optical fiber; f. offilterIs a filterA sweep frequency of the filter (116);
or/and the control card (101) comprises output control signals T1 and T2; t1 is used for controlling the first optical amplifier (102) and the second optical amplifier (119) to work periodically to amplify the light beam; t2 is used to control the filter (116) to pass the set frequency beam periodically.
10. A method for implementing an ultrafast wavelength scanning laser according to any one of claims 6 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, the control card (101) simultaneously outputs control signals T1 and T2; t1 is used to control the first optical amplifier (102) and the second optical amplifier (119) to work synchronously for laser amplification; the control signal T2 is used to control the filter (116) to periodically pass through the light beam with a set frequency;
s2, broadband light firstly exits from a first optical amplifier (102) through spontaneous radiation, then sequentially passes through a first optical isolator (103), a first optical fiber coupler (104) and a broadband dispersion compensation device (105), the light beam is reflected by the broadband dispersion compensation device (105) and then returns to the first optical fiber coupler (104), then enters a first optical fiber jumper (106), the second optical fiber coupler (107) divides the light beam into two, one path of the light beam sequentially passes through a second optical fiber jumper (108) and a first polarization controller (109), the other path of the light beam passes through a second polarization controller (110), the two light beams are combined into one beam at a third optical fiber coupler (111) and then are divided into two beams, one path of the light beam sequentially passes through a third optical fiber jumper (112) and a third polarization controller (113), the other path of the light beam passes through a fourth polarization controller (114), and the two light beams are combined into one beam at a fourth optical fiber coupler (115), and then the light beams are filtered by a filter (116), the passed narrow linewidth light beams pass through a fifth polarization controller (117) and a second optical isolator (118), the narrow linewidth light beams with amplified power are output under the stimulated radiation amplification effect of the first optical amplifier (102), and then the light beams are output after passing through the first optical isolator (103), the first optical fiber coupler (104), the second optical amplifier (119) and the third optical isolator (120) in sequence.
CN202010357851.7A 2020-04-29 2020-04-29 Ultrafast wavelength scanning laser and implementation method thereof Pending CN111509545A (en)

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CN208707066U (en) * 2018-07-02 2019-04-05 执鼎医疗科技（杭州）有限公司 A kind of optical fiber laser of the length scanning based on tunable optic filter
CN110336180A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-10-15 武汉理工大学 A kind of broadband high-speed swept light source

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US20130329757A1 (en) * 2005-01-20 2013-12-12 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Fourier domain mode locking: method and apparatus for control and improved performance
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