CN102608825B - Method and system for realizing multi-frequency optical comb - Google Patents
Method and system for realizing multi-frequency optical comb Download PDFInfo
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- CN102608825B CN102608825B CN201210052680.2A CN201210052680A CN102608825B CN 102608825 B CN102608825 B CN 102608825B CN 201210052680 A CN201210052680 A CN 201210052680A CN 102608825 B CN102608825 B CN 102608825B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for realizing multi-frequency optical comb. The method comprises the following steps: (1) a pulse laser outputs two or more optical pulse trains with different center wavelengths and different repetition frequencies, the maximum value of full width at half maximum of the neighboring optical pulse trains with different center wavelengths in the spectra being smaller than the difference of the center wavelengths; and (2) the optical pulse trains outputted by the pulse laser are subjected to a nonlinear optical process to widen the spectra of one or more optical pulse trains with different center wavelengths in the optical pulse trains, so that the spectra of the optical pulse trains with different center wavelengths overlap to form two or more optical combs with different repetition frequencies in the wavelength region of the overlapping spectra. According to the invention, the method can generate a multi-frequency optical comb by use of a multi-wavelength pulse laser, and the system is simple and low in cost, and is easy in stabilizing frequency difference.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to light comb field, particularly relate to a kind of method and system realizing multi-frequency optical comb.
Background technology
Light comb is the optical signal that a series of frequency components with fixed frequency difference in the frequency range of light wave are formed.Double frequency light comb (Dual-comb) or multi-frequency optical comb (Multi-comb) are then have the light tree structure one-tenth of close but different difference on the frequencies by two or more existence in certain spectral region.Multi-frequency optical comb system needs can more than single channel or two-way to export multi-frequency optical comb.Multi-frequency optical comb has the prospect being applied to multiple field such as frequency spectrum detection, sensor measuring.
Current light comb system is often produced by a Mode-locked laser device, comprises the fine femto-second laser of erbium, ytterbium fine femto-second laser, Ti∶Sapphire laser solid state laser and Gr:ZnSe solid state laser etc.Have very accurately periodically short pulse sequence because mode locking pulse can produce, the spectrum of this pulse train is then equal the light tree structure one-tenth of the repetition rate of pulse train by having difference on the frequency.At present, proposed and the multi-frequency optical comb system that realizes all by adopting multiple Mode-locked laser device to produce.In order to realize different difference on the frequencies, current technology is all by locking and the two or more similar but long slightly different Mode-locked laser device in chamber of meticulous adjustment and real-time feedback control realizes.The Liu in the Coddington of National Institute of Standards and Technology etc., Taiwan etc. use two Er-doped fiber femto-second lasers to create double frequency light comb.The Bartels of Uni Konstanz etc. use two Ti∶Sapphire laser femto-second lasers to create double frequency light comb.Owing to using multiple mode-locked laser, the cost of system is very expensive.Simultaneously in order to realize the small and stable difference on the frequency much lower relative to pulse recurrence frequency between two laser instruments, usually need feedback control circuit very accurately, make that system is more complicated, cost is higher, equipment volume is large and chamber journey by raft down the Yangtze River moved etc. more responsive, experimental demonstration can only be carried out in high-end laboratory at present, be unfavorable for the practical application of system.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method and system generating multi-frequency optical comb.
The invention provides a kind of method generating multi-frequency optical comb, comprising:
Step 1, pulse laser exports the light pulse sequence that two and two or more have different centre wavelength and different repetition rate, and the maximum of the full width at half maximum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelengths adjacent in spectrum is less than the difference of its centre wavelength;
Step 2, the light pulse sequence with different centre wavelength and different repetition rate exported by pulse laser is through nonlinear optical process, make the light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening of the one or more different centre wavelength in light pulse sequence, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping, thus in the overlapping wavelength region of spectrum, have the light comb of two or more different repetition rate.
In one example, to there is the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength and different repetition rate together simultaneously through the identical element that can produce nonlinear optical process in step 2, there is spectrum widening, make the spectrum of the first light pulse sequence and the spectrum of the second light pulse sequence after broadening overlapping.
In one example, step 2 is further divided into again:
Step 21, the light pulse sequence that pulse laser exports is divided into the first light pulse sequence and the second light pulse sequence by light-splitting device, the centre wavelength of the first light pulse sequence is first wave length, the repetition rate of the first light pulse sequence is first frequency, the centre wavelength of the second light pulse sequence is second wave length, and the repetition rate of the second light pulse sequence is second frequency;
Step 22, respectively through nonlinear optical process, there is spectrum widening in separated first light pulse sequence and/or the second light pulse sequence, makes the spectrum of the first light pulse sequence and the spectrum of the second light pulse sequence after broadening overlapping.
In one example, nonlinear optical process is the nonlinear optical process based on four-wave mixing, Self-phase modulation, Cross-phase Modulation, stimulated raman scattering or its various combination.
The invention provides a kind of multi-frequency optical comb system, comprising:
A pulse laser, export the two or more light pulse sequence with different centre wavelength, the maximum of the full width at half maximum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelengths adjacent in spectrum is less than the difference of its centre wavelength, average group velocity in the laser cavity of pulse laser is not identical to different output center wavelengths, thus the repetition rate of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength is different;
The light pulse sequence that pulse laser exports is through nonlinear optical system, make the light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening of the one or more different centre wavelength in light pulse sequence, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping.
In one example, nonlinear optical system comprises:
Nonlinear optical element, for the light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening of the one or more different centre wavelength in light pulse sequence, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping.
In one example, nonlinear optical system comprises:
Light-splitting device, the light pulse sequence for being exported by pulse laser is divided into multiple light pulse sequence.The centre wavelength of each light pulse sequence is different, and the full width at half maximum of spectrum is less than the difference of adjacent center wavelength;
Nonlinear optical element, for the light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening of the one or more different centre wavelength in light pulse sequence, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping.
In one example, the cavity structure of pulse laser is Linear-Cavity, refrative cavity, annular chamber and figure of eight chamber.
In one example, pulse laser is active mode locking laser instrument, laser with active-passive lock mould or mixed mode-locking laser instrument.
In one example, nonlinear optical element is single-mode transmission optical fiber, highly nonlinear optical fiber, gain fibre, photonic crystal fiber or nonlinear optics integrated waveguide.
In one example, light-splitting device is fiber coupler, beam splitter prism, beam splitting chip, optical filter, bandpass filter or wavelength division multiplexer.
The present invention can utilize a multi-wavelength pulse laser, by the difference of the group velocity between the different wave length signal in Design and implementation laser chamber, realize the output of pulse train with different repetition rate, different centre wavelength, but the spectrum component with the pulse train in different centre wavelength is in different wave-length coverages substantially, overlapping very little.By the spectrum utilizing the nonlinear optical effects such as four-wave mixing, Self-phase modulation, Cross phase modulation, stimulated Raman scattering to carry out stretched pulse sequence, then can produce the light comb with different frequency difference on spectrally overlapping region.The method and system that the present invention relates to only needs a laser instrument, and cost is low, and volume is little, and the frequency difference of the light comb of generation is determined by the GVD in laser chamber, and the impact moving change by chamber journey by raft down the Yangtze River is little, easier practical application.The light comb that the method and system produce also can carry out Frequency Locking by existing optical comb technology, and produces more stable light comb.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a kind of system construction drawing of multi-frequency optical comb, the light pulse sequence with different centre wavelength and different repetition rate that multi-wavelength pulse laser exports, after nonlinear optical system, light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping, thus in the overlapping wavelength region of spectrum, have the light comb of two or more different repetition rate.
Fig. 2 is the another kind of system construction drawing of multi-frequency optical comb, multi-wavelength pulse laser exports the light pulse sequence with different centre wavelength and different repetition rate, after light-splitting device, be divided into two light pulse sequences that centre wavelength and frequency are not identical, in two paths of signals, at least one road is through nonlinear optical element, make the spectrum of this road signal obtain broadening, the spectrum of latter two light pulse sequence of broadening is overlapping.
Fig. 3 is the system construction drawing of multi-wavelength pulse laser;
Fig. 4 is the system construction drawing adopting multi-wavelength pulse laser to realize multi-frequency optical comb;
Fig. 5 is multi-wavelength pulse laser output spectrum figure;
Fig. 6 is the spectrogram that multi-wavelength pulse laser exports the signal after light-to-current inversion;
Fig. 7 is the spectrogram that multi-wavelength pulse laser exports that centre wavelength that light exports after device is after filtering the light pulse of 1535nm;
Fig. 8 is the spectrogram that multi-wavelength pulse laser exports that centre wavelength that light exports after device is after filtering the light pulse of 1557nm;
Fig. 9 be by centre wavelength be the light pulse of 1557nm through image intensifer and single-mode transmission optical fiber, carry out the spectrogram after power amplification and spectrum widening;
The light pulse of Figure 10 to be former centre wavelength after spectrum widening be 1557nm exports the spectrogram of light after the bandpass filter that passband is 1528nm-1536nm;
Figure 11 is the spectrogram after the output amplifier of multi-wavelength pulse laser and single-mode transmission optical fiber carry out power amplification and spectrum widening;
Figure 12 is the spectrogram that realize the signal through light-to-current inversion after of multi-frequency optical comb of output after amplifier and Transmission Fibers of multi-wavelength pulse laser;
Detailed description of the invention
Example one
The multi-wavelength mode-locked laser used in this example carrys out gain characteristic in tuning cavity by the loss in control chamber, makes the gain at different wave length place identical, and then the pulse laser realizing multi-wavelength exports.As shown in Figure 3, laser instrument is the optical fiber laser with active-passive lock mould adopting ring cavity structure to the structure of laser instrument.Pump light source is the semiconductor laser 303 of wavelength 1480nm, and the pump light sent is coupled into the Er-doped fiber (EDF) 301 of 5 meters long through 1480/1550 wavelength division multiplexer 302.This EDF is 6.1dB/m at the absorption coefficient of 1530nm.EDF connects optoisolator 308, ensures light one way propagation in optical fiber cavity.Polarization Controller 306 is added to control polarization state in chamber.Mode-locking device in chamber is carbon nano-tube/polyimide film 303, and film thickness is 40 microns, and the loss sandwiched after FC/PC joint is about 3.5dB, and in chamber, the total length of general single mode fiber 304 is 6.1m.The fiber coupler 307 of 80/20 by chamber 20% Laser output to outside chamber, in the laser return cavity of 80%.Loss in chamber makes EDF near 1530 and 1560nm, have two gain peak, meets the condition that dual wavelength produces.The centre wavelength realizing dual wavelength locked mode is respectively 1535nm and 1557nm, and the spectrum obtained as shown in Figure 5.Fast optical detectors and frequency spectrograph is used to detect the spectrogram exporting pulse, as shown in Figure 6.Due to the dispersion that the device such as optical fiber in optical fiber cavity exists, the group velocity of two wavelength is different, so the repetition rate of the light pulse sequence of these two different wave lengths (i.e. the difference on the frequency of light comb) also difference.Can see from spectrogram, the repetition rate f of 1535nm wavelength pulse
114.489145MHz, and the repetition rate f of 1557nm wavelength pulse
2be 14.488649MHz, difference on the frequency Δ f is 496Hz.The output of dual laser 401 is after fiber amplifier 402 amplifies, and the filtering device 403 that is split leaches at two output ports two pulse trains that centre wavelength is respectively 1535nm and 1557nm respectively, and its spectrogram respectively as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.The light pulse sequence of 1557nm is through fiber amplifier 404 and single-mode transmission optical fiber 405, and utilize the Third-order nonlinearity in gain fibre and single-mode transmission optical fiber (Self-phase modulation, four-wave mixing etc.) to realize spectrum widening, spectrum as shown in Figure 9.After filter filtering 406, the spectral components near 1535nm as shown in Figure 10.Thus this system achieves the light comb output that two-way has different frequency difference near 1535nm in wave-length coverage simultaneously.The effect of the image intensifer in system is amplifying optical signals, the spectrum after broadening can be enable to produce overlapping with the spectrum of an other road signal by nonlinear effect, but image intensifer not necessarily, particularly optical signal is just enough to make spectrum produce overlapping situation before amplification.
Example two
This example adopts the multi-wavelength mode-locked laser identical with example one.It exports directly through amplifier and single-mode transmission optical fiber, utilize the Third-order nonlinearity (Self-phase modulation in gain fibre and single-mode transmission optical fiber, four-wave mixing etc.), make the light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening of the different centre wavelengths in light pulse sequence, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping, thus there is the light comb of two kinds of different frequency differences in the overlapping wavelength region of spectrum, spectrum after its broadening as shown in figure 11, the signal of the spectrum overlapping region frequency spectrum after opto-electronic conversion as shown in figure 12, can find out that system achieves the light comb with different frequency difference simultaneously and exports.The effect of the image intensifer in system is amplifying optical signals, the spectrum after broadening can be produced by nonlinear effect overlapping, image intensifer not necessarily, if particularly optical signal to be just enough to make spectrum to produce before amplification overlapping.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope is not limited thereto.Any those skilled in the art, in technical scope disclosed by the invention, all can carry out suitable change or change to it, and this change or change all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. realize a method for multi-frequency optical comb, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 1, pulse laser exports the composite optical pulse sequence that two and two or more have different centre wavelength and different repetition rate, and the maximum of the full width at half maximum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelengths adjacent in spectrum is less than the difference of its centre wavelength;
Step 2, the composite optical pulse sequence with different centre wavelength and different repetition rate exported by pulse laser is through nonlinear optical process, make the light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening of the one or more different centre wavelength in composite optical pulse sequence, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping, thus in the overlapping wavelength region of spectrum, have the light comb of two or more different repetition rate.
2. the production method of multi-frequency optical comb as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, have in described step 2 in the composite optical pulse sequence of different centre wavelength and different repetition rate, the light pulse sequence of one of them centre wavelength and repetition rate is the first light pulse sequence, the light pulse sequence of another centre wavelength and repetition rate is the second light pulse sequence, they are together simultaneously through the identical element that can produce nonlinear optical process, there is spectrum widening, make the spectrum of the first light pulse sequence after broadening and the second light pulse sequence overlapping.
3. realize the method for multi-frequency optical comb as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 2 is further divided into again:
Step 21, the composite optical pulse sequence that pulse laser exports by light-splitting device is divided into multiple light pulse sequence, wherein two light pulse sequences, be respectively the first light pulse sequence and the second light pulse sequence, the centre wavelength of the first light pulse sequence is first wave length, the repetition rate of the first light pulse sequence is first frequency, and the centre wavelength of the second light pulse sequence is second wave length, and the repetition rate of the second light pulse sequence is second frequency;
Step 22, respectively through nonlinear optical process, there is spectrum widening in separated first light pulse sequence and/or the second light pulse sequence, makes the spectrum of the first light pulse sequence and the spectrum of the second light pulse sequence after broadening overlapping.
4. the production method of multi-frequency optical comb as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described nonlinear optical process is the nonlinear optical process based on four-wave mixing, Self-phase modulation, Cross-phase Modulation, stimulated raman scattering or its various combination.
5. a multi-frequency optical comb system, is characterized in that, comprising:
A pulse laser, export the two or more composite optical pulse sequence with different centre wavelength, the maximum of the full width at half maximum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelengths adjacent in spectrum is less than the difference of its centre wavelength, average group velocity in the laser cavity of pulse laser is not identical to different output center wavelengths, thus the repetition rate of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength is different;
The composite optical pulse sequence that pulse laser exports is through nonlinear optical system, make the light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening of the one or more different centre wavelength in composite optical pulse sequence, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping.
6. multi-frequency optical comb system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, nonlinear optical system comprises:
Nonlinear optical element, for the light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening of the one or more different centre wavelength in composite optical pulse sequence, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping.
7. multi-frequency optical comb system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, nonlinear optical system comprises:
Light-splitting device, is divided into multiple light pulse sequence for the composite optical pulse sequence exported by pulse laser, and the centre wavelength of each light pulse sequence is different, and the full width at half maximum of spectrum is less than the difference of adjacent center wavelength;
Nonlinear optical element, for the light pulse sequence generation spectrum widening of the one or more different centre wavelength in composite optical pulse sequence, after making broadening, the spectrum of the light pulse sequence of different centre wavelength produces overlapping.
8. multi-frequency optical comb system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described pulse laser is active mode locking laser instrument, laser with active-passive lock mould or mixed mode-locking laser instrument.
9. the multi-frequency optical comb system as described in claim 6 and 7, is characterized in that, described nonlinear optical element is single-mode transmission optical fiber, highly nonlinear optical fiber, gain fibre, photonic crystal fiber or nonlinear optics integrated waveguide.
10. multi-frequency optical comb system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described light-splitting device is fiber coupler, beam splitter prism, beam splitting chip, optical filter, bandpass filter or wavelength division multiplexer.
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| CN201210052680.2A CN102608825B (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2012-03-02 | Method and system for realizing multi-frequency optical comb |
| US14/382,333 US9250128B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2013-03-01 | Method and apparatus for optical asynchronous sampling signal measurements |
| PCT/CN2013/072093 WO2013127370A1 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2013-03-01 | Method and system for measuring optical asynchronous sampled signal |
| US14/475,434 US9273994B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2014-09-02 | Method and apparatus for optical asynchronous sampling signal measurements |
| US14/968,237 US9885614B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2015-12-14 | Method and apparatus for multifrequency optical comb generation |
| US14/968,289 US9863815B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2015-12-14 | Method and apparatus for multifrequency optical comb generation |
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| WO2013127370A1 (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method and system for measuring optical asynchronous sampled signal |
| CN104765217B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-11-17 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Tunable frequency comb based on bimodulus square micro-cavity laser |
| CN104765218B (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2017-11-17 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of tunable frequency comb generation system based on single-chip integration micro-cavity laser |
| CN106980045A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of high-frequency electromagnetic signal time-frequency characteristic measuring system and method |
| CN108919588B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2021-04-30 | 上海理工大学 | Device for generating tunable wide-band far infrared optical comb by fiber laser four-wave mixing drive |
| CN111048978B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-04-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Multi-wavelength laser |
| CN111796469B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2022-08-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical frequency comb light source and method for generating optical frequency comb |
| CN110212399B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-09-17 | 江苏师范大学 | Broadband noise-like laser and method for generating broadband noise-like pulse |
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| US6724788B1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2004-04-20 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Wissenschaften E.V. | Method and device for generating radiation with stabilized frequency |
| CN101237113A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2008-08-06 | 华东师范大学 | An ultraviolet comb generation method based on surface optical field enhancement |
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| US6724788B1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2004-04-20 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Wissenschaften E.V. | Method and device for generating radiation with stabilized frequency |
| CN101237113A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2008-08-06 | 华东师范大学 | An ultraviolet comb generation method based on surface optical field enhancement |
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