CN108287322A - Atomic magnetometer without response blind zone and method for measuring external magnetic field by atomic magnetometer - Google Patents
Atomic magnetometer without response blind zone and method for measuring external magnetic field by atomic magnetometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108287322A CN108287322A CN201810083802.1A CN201810083802A CN108287322A CN 108287322 A CN108287322 A CN 108287322A CN 201810083802 A CN201810083802 A CN 201810083802A CN 108287322 A CN108287322 A CN 108287322A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
Abstract
The invention provides an atomic magnetometer without a response blind zone, which comprises a laser, a beam expanding and collimating device, a circularly polarized light conversion device, an acousto-optic modulator, a Helmholtz coil, an atomic gas chamber, a reflector group, a photoelectric detector, a lock-in amplifier, a signal processing system and a heating device. The atomic magnetometer is simple in structure; the method combines two excitation methods of applying an excitation magnetic field and modulating light, and realizes the measurement of the non-response blind area by detecting the components of the total spin angular momentum of the sensing atoms along two directions. The invention also discloses a method for measuring the external magnetic field by adopting the atomic magnetometer, which is simple and convenient in measuring method, free of response blind area, capable of quickly and accurately obtaining relevant data of the external magnetic field and strong in practicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to weak magnetic field testing technical fields, particularly, be related to it is a kind of without response blind area atom magnetometer and
It measures the method for external magnetic field.
Background technology
In many vital fields, as basic physics research, biomedicine, survey of deep space, geologic prospect, earthquake are pre-
Survey and NMR signal detection etc., there is an urgent need to effectively be detected to Weak magentic-field.Magnetometer master common at present
There are fluxgate, hall device, proton magnetometer, superconducting quantum interference device and atom magnetometer.Wherein, Superconducting Quantum is dry
It is that current input applies the highest magnetometer of sensitivity to relate to device, has been realizedThe sensitivity of magnitude.However, super
Quantum interference device is led due to needing huge refrigeration equipment, it is inconvenient for use, it limits its scope of application.Atom magnetometer is base
In the magnetometer of Spin precession detection.For sensing atom (alkali metal atom or4He), when the resultant spin angular momentum of atom around
When external magnetic field precession and magnetic resonance, the frequency (i.e. magnetic resonance frequency) of precession is a constant γ with the ratio of external magnetic field, passes through inspection
Survey the detection that external magnetic field can be realized in magnetic resonance frequency.Under the action of optical pumping, phase is in due to largely sensing atom
Dry state, the sensitivity of atom magnetometer are high.Its theoretical sensitivity is higher than superconducting quantum interference device, and is testing at present
Room, the optimum sensitivity that atom magnetometer obtains have reachedMagnitude.Since atom magnetometer does not need huge system
Cool equipment, therefore it is more extensive than superconducting quantum interference device application scenario.
The method of atom magnetometer optical pumping realizes the polarization of sensing atom, when system is in equilibrium state, sensing
The resultant spin angular momentum of atom will be along outer magnetic field direction, without around external magnetic field precession, thus cannot achieve external magnetic field
Detection.Resultant spin angular momentum in order to realize sensing atom senses the resultant spin angular momentum of atom around external magnetic field precession
It is not zero in the component perpendicular to outer magnetic field direction, atom magnetometer generally using application excitation field or is adjusted pumping light
The method of system, excitation generate the resultant spin angular momentum component perpendicular to outer magnetic field direction.Method for applying excitation field, when
When external magnetic field is perpendicular to pumping light, pumping light cannot achieve effective polarization to sensing atom, thus cannot achieve external magnetic field
Effective detection；And the method for being modulated to pumping light, when external magnetic field is parallel to pumping light, modulation light can not encourage
Resultant spin angular momentum component of the atom generation perpendicular to outer magnetic field direction is sensed, thus cannot achieve effective inspection of external magnetic field
It surveys.
Atom magnetometer generally uses the detection method that light absorption or light rotate.Detection light, which passes through, is filled with sensing atom
After atomic air chamber, the light intensity (optical absorption method) or plane of polarization (light rotary process) that detect light will be by sensing atom resultant spin angular momentums
Along the modulation of optical propagation direction component.When external magnetic field is parallel to detection light, since sensing atom resultant spin angular momentum is passed along light
Broadcasting durection component will not be around external magnetic field precession, thus cannot achieve effective detection of external magnetic field.
As seen from the above, when external magnetic field is along certain directions, some common at present atom magnetometers will be unable to reality
That is, there is response blind area in effective detection of existing external magnetic field.And in practical applications, external magnetic field is usually along any direction.
Thus realize that a kind of atom magnetometer without response blind area has important application value.
Invention content
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of structure and simplifies and without the atom magnetometer of response blind area, particular technique
Scheme is as follows：
It is a kind of without response blind area atom magnetometer, including laser, beam-expanding collimation device, circularly polarized light conversion equipment,
Acousto-optic modulator, Helmholtz coil, atomic air chamber, speculum group, photodetector, lock-in amplifier, signal processing system
And heating device, the laser, beam-expanding collimation device, circularly polarized light conversion equipment and the acousto-optic modulator are passed along light path
It broadcasts direction and is sequentially connected in series setting, the Helmholtz coil is arranged in the periphery of the atomic air chamber for providing excitation field；
The laser is for outgoing laser beam along the x-axis direction；
The laser beam that the beam-expanding collimation device exports the laser carries out beam-expanding collimation processing；
The circularly polarized light conversion equipment is used for that treated that laser beam is changed into circularly polarized light by beam-expanding collimation；
The acousto-optic modulator modulates circularly polarized light into line amplitude；
In the atomic air chamber filled with133Cs atoms and buffer gas；
Circularly polarized light of the speculum group for after passing through atomic air chamber changes the direction of propagation so that circularly polarized light edge
Atomic air chamber is injected in y-axis direction；
The photodetector is used to detect the circularly polarized light across atomic air chamber；
The lock-in amplifier is used to demodulate the signal of the photodetector output；
The acousto-optic modulator, Helmholtz coil, lock-in amplifier and heating device with the signal processing system
System connection, the signal processing system is for driving the acousto-optic modulator to modulate circularly polarized light into line amplitude, the signal
Processing system controls the excitation field of its generation, the signal by adjusting the electric current being input in the Helmholtz coil
Processing system is by driving the heating device to heat to improve in atomic air chamber the atomic air chamber133Cs atoms steam
Vapour density, the signal processing system are used to adjust the reference frequency and the acquisition lock-in amplifier of the lock-in amplifier
Output signal.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the laser is 895nm DFB semiconductor lasers, and adjusting is arrived133Cs atoms
D1 line transition resonant frequencies, outgoing laser beam.
Preferred in above technical scheme, it is convex that the beam-expanding collimation device by direction of beam propagation is sequentially connected in series two groups of setting
Lens.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the speculum group includes three groups of speculums, three groups of speculums and atomic air chamber
Positioned at square corner location.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the circularly polarized light conversion equipment is the line being arranged in series by paths direction
Polarizing film and the slides of λ/4 are composed.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the Helmholtz coil is by copper wire winding, for generating excitation field；It is described
Heating device is arranged in the periphery of the atomic air chamber, and the heating device includes copper fixture, without magneto-resistor heating plate and without magnetic
Temperature sensor, the copper fixture are used for for fixing the atomic air chamber, the no magneto-resistor heating plate to the atom gas
It is heated to improve in atomic air chamber room133Cs atom vapor density, the no magnetic temperature sensor is for measuring the atom
The temperature of gas chamber, the no magneto-resistor heating plate and the no magnetic temperature sensor are connect with the signal processing system.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the signal processing system includes data collecting card and computer, the data
Capture card is connect with the acousto-optic modulator, Helmholtz coil, without magnetic temperature sensor and lock-in amplifier, the calculating
Machine is connect with the data collecting card.
The atom magnetometer of the present invention, which combines, to be applied excitation field and is modulated two kinds of motivational techniques to light, and passes through spy
The component of sensing atom resultant spin angular momentum in both directions is surveyed, obtains a kind of measuring device without response blind area, specifically：
The laser beam of 895nm DFB semiconductor lasers output turns after beam-expanding collimation device by beam-expanding collimation, then by circularly polarized light
Changing device is transformed into circularly polarized light；Then, acousto-optic modulator modulates circularly polarized light into line amplitude, the circle that amplitude has been modulated
Polarised light irradiated atoms gas chamber along the x-axis direction；After circularly polarized light passes through atomic air chamber, after speculum group changes the direction of propagation,
Along y-axis irradiated atoms gas chamber；Circularly polarized light twice in atomic air chamber133After Cs atomic interactions,133Cs atom assemblages are by pole
Change, while the light intensity of circularly polarized light is modulated by x-axis and the spin polarization component in y-axis both direction；Across atomic air chamber
Circularly polarized light detected by photodetector, the variation of the output signal of photodetector reflection circularly polarized light light intensity；Photoelectricity is visited
After surveying the locked amplifier demodulation of output signal of device, by the photodetector of signal processing system acquisition lock-in amplifier output
The amplitude of output signal；Signal processing system drives and controls heating device, so that its is heated atomic air chamber, and keep atomic air chamber
The stabilization of temperature；Meanwhile signal processing system driving and control Helmholtz coil and acousto-optic modulator, provide excitation field with
And circularly polarized light is modulated into line amplitude, and make excitation field and the frequency-tracking magnetic resonance frequency of light modulation, according to this frequency
Obtain the external magnetic field at atomic air chamber.Concrete principle is as follows：
The resultant spin angular momentum of the sensing atom of atom magnetometer is usually with the spin polarization vector representation of sensing atom.
Under the action of circularly polarized light, sensing atom assemblage will be polarized, and a large amount of atom that senses is in coherency states, macroscopically shows as
Sense the spin polarization of atom.When using applying excitation field or the method that is modulated to pumping light, excitation generate perpendicular to
When the spin polarization component of outer magnetic field direction, perpendicular to outer magnetic field direction spin polarization component will around external magnetic field precession, into
Dynamic frequency is equal to the modulating frequency of excitation field frequency or pumping light.When the frequency of excitation field or modulation light is equal to magnetic resonance
When frequency, perpendicular to the amplitude maximum of the spin polarization component of outer magnetic field direction.The method thus rotated by light absorption or light
Detect outer magnetic field direction spin polarization component, track signal amplitude maximum when excitation field frequency or pumping light modulation frequency
Rate, you can obtain magnetic resonance frequency, and then obtain the size of external magnetic field.
Three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system is chosen, three axis of coordinate system are respectively x-axis, y-axis and z-axis.Atom magnetometer uses light
The detection method of absorption, pumping light are first to be propagated along the x-axis direction with a branch of circularly polarized light with detection light.Circularly polarized light is along x-axis side
To after the atomic air chamber for being filled with sensing atom, changes the direction of propagation of circularly polarized light by speculum, make it along y-axis side
To across the atomic air chamber for being filled with sensing atom.In this way, the intensity of circularly polarized light simultaneously by spin polarization vector along x-axis with
The modulation of component in y-axis both direction.
Circularly polarized light is modulated into line amplitude while applying excitation field along the z-axis direction, and the frequency etc. of light modulation
When the frequency of excitation field, if external magnetic field is along the x-axis direction, under the action of excitation field, excitation is generated perpendicular to x-axis side
To spin polarization component, around external magnetic field precession, after circularly polarized light passes through atomic air chamber, intensity by y-axis direction from
Revolve the modulation of polarization components；If external magnetic field is along the y-axis direction, under the action of excitation field, excitation is generated perpendicular to y-axis direction
Spin polarization component, around external magnetic field precession, after circularly polarized light passes through atomic air chamber, intensity is spinned by x-axis direction
The modulation of polarization components；If external magnetic field is along the z-axis direction, under the action of modulation light, will excitation generate perpendicular to z-axis direction from
Polarization components are revolved, around external magnetic field precession, after circularly polarized light passes through atomic air chamber, intensity is by x-axis and y-axis both direction
Spin polarization component modulation.Can to sum up deduce, when external magnetic field in either direction when, in the effect of excitation field and modulation light
Under, total energy excitation generates the spin polarization component perpendicular to outer magnetic field direction, around external magnetic field precession, and the light intensity of circularly polarized light
It is always modulated by the spin polarization component perpendicular to outer magnetic field direction, thus a kind of atom without response blind area may be implemented
Magnetometer.
The second object of the present invention is to disclose a kind of method measuring external magnetic field using above-mentioned atom magnetometer, specific to wrap
Include following steps：
Step 1: signal processing system generates the high frequency oscillating current far from magnetic resonance frequency, it is input in heating device
Without magneto-resistor heating plate, atomic air chamber is heated, and acquire and obtained without magnetic temperature sensor measurement in heating device
The temperature value of atomic air chamber adjusts the amplitude of high frequency oscillating current by feedback control, with the temperature of stationary atom gas chamber；
Step 2: opening laser, it is adjusted to133Cs atom D1 line transition resonant frequencies, outgoing laser beam is through expanding
Collimator apparatus and circularly polarized light conversion equipment handle to obtain circularly polarized light, and circularly polarized light passes through atomic air chamber along the x-axis direction, by
Atomic air chamber is passed through along the y-axis direction behind the direction of propagation of speculum group change circularly polarized light；It is detected through photodetector, starts to visit
Survey the spin polarization component signal in x-axis and y-axis both direction；
Step 3: signal processing system driving Helmholtz coil generates the excitation field in z-axis direction, while driving acousto-optic
Modulator modulates circularly polarized light into line amplitude, and the modulating frequency of light and the frequency of excitation field are consistent；Lock-in amplifier
The signal that photodetector exports in demodulation light path, the reference frequency of lock-in amplifier take the frequency of excitation field, signal processing
The amplitude of the photodetector output signal exported after the demodulation of system acquisition lock-in amplifier；
Step 4: signal processing system makes to collect by adjusting the modulating frequency of the frequency and light of excitation field
The amplitude maximum of photodetector output signal, the frequency of excitation field is equal to magnetic resonance frequency ω at this time0；According to obtained magnetic
Resonant frequency ω0, extract and obtain the external magnetic field B=ω at atomic air chamber0/γ。
Using the measurement method of the present invention, step is simplified, and can realize effective detection of external magnetic field.
Other than objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention also has other objects, features and advantages.
Below with reference to accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of the drawings
The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Example and its explanation are applied for explaining the present invention, is not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the atom magnetometer without response blind area in embodiment 1；
Wherein：1, laser, 2, beam-expanding collimation device, 2.1, convex lens, 3, circularly polarized light conversion equipment, 3.1, linear polarization
Piece, 3.2, the slides of λ/4,4, acousto-optic modulator, 5, Helmholtz coil, 6, atomic air chamber, 7, speculum group, 7.1, speculum,
8, photodetector, 9, lock-in amplifier, 10, signal processing system, 11, heating device.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention can be limited according to claim
Fixed and covering multitude of different ways is implemented.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of atom magnetometer without response blind area, referring to Fig. 1, including laser 1, beam-expanding collimation device 2, circularly polarized light
Conversion equipment 3, acousto-optic modulator 4, Helmholtz coil 5, atomic air chamber 6, speculum group 7, photodetector 8, locking amplification
Device 9, signal processing system 10 and heating device 11, wherein：
The laser 1, beam-expanding collimation device 2, circularly polarized light conversion equipment 3 and the acousto-optic modulator 4 are passed along light path
It broadcasts direction and is sequentially connected in series setting.
1 preferred 895nm DFB semiconductor lasers of the laser, for outgoing laser beam along the x-axis direction, specifically：
The adjusting of 895nm DFB semiconductor lasers is arrived133Cs atom D1 line transition resonant frequencies, outgoing laser beam).
The laser beam that the beam-expanding collimation device 2 exports the laser 1 carries out beam-expanding collimation processing, the preferably described expansion
Beam collimator apparatus 2 is sequentially connected in series two groups of convex lenses 2.1 of setting by direction of beam propagation.
The circularly polarized light conversion equipment 3 is used for that treated that laser beam is changed into circularly polarized light by beam-expanding collimation, preferably
The linear polarizer 3.1 and the slides of λ/4 3.2 that the circularly polarized light conversion equipment 3 is arranged in series by paths direction are composed.
The acousto-optic modulator 4 modulates circularly polarized light into line amplitude.
The Helmholtz coil 5 is by copper wire winding, for generating excitation field.
In the atomic air chamber 6 filled with133Cs atoms and buffer gas (preferred nitrogen herein).Light path is used for polarized atom
In gas chamber133Cs atoms, and detect component of the spin polarization vector in x-axis and y-axis both direction.
Circularly polarized light of the speculum group 7 for after passing through atomic air chamber 6 changes the direction of propagation so that circularly polarized light
Atomic air chamber 6 is injected along the y-axis direction.It is preferred that：The speculum group 7 includes three groups of speculums 7.1, three groups of speculums and atom gas
Room 7 is located at square corner location.
The photodetector 8 is for detecting the circularly polarized light across atomic air chamber 6.
The lock-in amplifier 9 is used to adjust the signal of the output of the photodetector 8.
The signal processing system 10 simultaneously with the acousto-optic modulator 4, Helmholtz coil 5, lock-in amplifier 9 and
Heating device 11 connects, and the signal processing system 10 is for driving the acousto-optic modulator 4 to circularly polarized light into line amplitude tune
System, the signal processing system 10 control swashing for its generation by adjusting the electric current being input in the Helmholtz coil 5
Exciting field, the signal processing system 10 is by driving the heating device 11 to heat to improve the atomic air chamber 6
In atomic air chamber 6133Cs atom vapor density, the signal processing system 10 are used to adjust the reference frequency of the lock-in amplifier 9
Rate and the output signal for acquiring the lock-in amplifier 9.
The heating device 11 includes copper fixture, without magneto-resistor heating plate and without magnetic temperature sensor, and the copper fixture is used
In the fixation atomic air chamber 6, the no magneto-resistor heating plate is for heating the atomic air chamber 6 to improve atom gas
In room 6133Cs atom vapor density, the no magnetic temperature sensor are used to measure the temperature of the atomic air chamber 6, the no magnetic
Resistance Heating Film and the no magnetic temperature sensor are connect with the signal processing system 10.
Herein preferably the signal processing system 10 include data collecting card and computer, the data collecting card with it is described
Acousto-optic modulator 4, Helmholtz coil 5 are connected without magnetic temperature sensor and lock-in amplifier 9, the computer with it is described
Data collecting card connects.
Using the technical solution of the present embodiment, specifically：The laser beam of 895nm DFB semiconductor lasers output is by expanding
By beam-expanding collimation after two groups of convex lenses 2.1 in beam collimator apparatus 2；By 3.1 He of linear polarizer in circularly polarized light conversion equipment 3
The slides of λ/4 3.2 are transformed into circularly polarized light；Acousto-optic modulator 4 modulates circularly polarized light into line amplitude, the circle that amplitude has been modulated
Polarised light irradiated atoms gas chamber 6 along the x-axis direction；After circularly polarized light passes through atomic air chamber 6, through three groups of reflections in speculum group 7
Mirror 7.1 change the direction of propagation after along y-axis irradiated atoms gas chamber 6 (circularly polarized light twice in atomic air chamber 6133Cs atom phase interactions
With rear,133Cs atom assemblages are polarized, while the light intensity of circularly polarized light is by the spin polarization point in x-axis and y-axis both direction
The modulation of amount)；Circularly polarized light across atomic air chamber 6 is detected by photodetector 8, the output signal reflection of photodetector 8
The variation of circularly polarized light light intensity；After the output signal of photodetector 8 is locked the demodulation of amplifier 9, by signal processing system 10
Acquire the amplitude for 8 output signal of photodetector that lock-in amplifier 9 exports；Signal processing system 10 drives and control heating dress
11 are set, so that it is heated atomic air chamber 6, and keep the stabilization of 6 temperature of atomic air chamber；Meanwhile signal processing system 10 drives and control
Helmholtz coil 5 and acousto-optic modulator 4 processed provide excitation field and are modulated into line amplitude to circularly polarized light, and make excitation
The frequency-tracking magnetic resonance frequency in magnetic field and light modulation obtains the external magnetic field at atomic air chamber 6 according to this frequency.
External magnetic field detection is carried out using the atom magnetometer of the present embodiment, specifically includes following steps：
Step 1: signal processing system generates the high frequency oscillating current far from magnetic resonance frequency, it is input in heating device
Without magneto-resistor heating plate, atomic air chamber is heated, and acquire and obtained without magnetic temperature sensor measurement in heating device
The temperature value of atomic air chamber adjusts the amplitude of high frequency oscillating current by feedback control, with the temperature of stationary atom gas chamber；
Step 2: opening laser, it is adjusted to133Cs atom D1 line transition resonant frequencies, outgoing laser beam is through expanding
Collimator apparatus and circularly polarized light conversion equipment handle to obtain circularly polarized light, and circularly polarized light passes through atomic air chamber along the x-axis direction, by
Atomic air chamber is passed through along the y-axis direction behind the direction of propagation of speculum group change circularly polarized light；It is detected through photodetector, starts to visit
Survey the spin polarization component signal in x-axis and y-axis both direction；
Step 3: signal processing system driving Helmholtz coil generates the excitation field in z-axis direction, while driving acousto-optic
Modulator modulates circularly polarized light into line amplitude, and the modulating frequency of light and the frequency of excitation field are consistent；Lock-in amplifier
The signal that photodetector exports in demodulation light path, the reference frequency of lock-in amplifier take the frequency of excitation field, signal processing
The amplitude of the photodetector output signal exported after the demodulation of system acquisition lock-in amplifier；
Step 4: signal processing system makes to collect by adjusting the modulating frequency of the frequency and light of excitation field
The amplitude maximum of photodetector output signal, the frequency of excitation field is equal to magnetic resonance frequency ω at this time0；According to obtained magnetic
Resonant frequency ω0, extract and obtain the external magnetic field B=ω at atomic air chamber0/γ。
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of atom magnetometer without response blind area, it is characterised in that：Including laser (1), beam-expanding collimation device (2), circle
Polarized light conversion device (3), acousto-optic modulator (4), Helmholtz coil (5), atomic air chamber (6), speculum group (7), photoelectricity
Detector (8), lock-in amplifier (9), signal processing system (10) and heating device (11), the laser (1) expand standard
Straight device (2), circularly polarized light conversion equipment (3) and the acousto-optic modulator (4) are sequentially connected in series setting, institute along paths direction
Helmholtz coil (5) setting is stated in the periphery of the atomic air chamber (6) for providing excitation field；
The laser (1) is for outgoing laser beam along the x-axis direction；
The laser beam that the beam-expanding collimation device (2) exports the laser (1) carries out beam-expanding collimation processing；
The circularly polarized light conversion equipment (3) is used for that treated that laser beam is changed into circularly polarized light by beam-expanding collimation；
The acousto-optic modulator (4) modulates circularly polarized light into line amplitude；
In the atomic air chamber (6) filled with133Cs atoms and buffer gas；
Circularly polarized light of the speculum group (7) for after passing through atomic air chamber (6) changes the direction of propagation so that circularly polarized light
Atomic air chamber (6) is injected along the y-axis direction；
The photodetector (8) is for detecting the circularly polarized light across atomic air chamber (6)；
The lock-in amplifier (9) is used to demodulate the signal of the photodetector (8) output；
The acousto-optic modulator (4), Helmholtz coil (5), lock-in amplifier (9) and heating device (11) with the letter
The connection of number processing system (10), the signal processing system (10) for drive the acousto-optic modulator (4) to circularly polarized light into
Line amplitude is modulated, and the signal processing system (10) is controlled by adjusting the electric current being input in the Helmholtz coil (5)
The excitation field of its generation is made, the signal processing system (10) is by driving the heating device (11) to the atomic air chamber
(6) it is heated to improve in atomic air chamber (6)133Cs atom vapor density, the signal processing system (10) is for adjusting institute
State the reference frequency of lock-in amplifier (9) and the output signal of the acquisition lock-in amplifier (9).
2. the atom magnetometer according to claim 1 without response blind area, it is characterised in that：The laser (1) is
895nm DFB semiconductor lasers, adjusting are arrived133Cs atom D1 line transition resonant frequencies, outgoing laser beam.
3. the atom magnetometer according to claim 1 without response blind area, it is characterised in that：The beam-expanding collimation device
(2) two groups of convex lenses (2.1) of setting are sequentially connected in series by direction of beam propagation.
4. the atom magnetometer without response blind area according to claim 1-3 any one, it is characterised in that：The reflection
Microscope group (7) includes three groups of speculums (7.1), and three groups of speculums and atomic air chamber (7) are located at square corner location.
5. the atom magnetometer according to claim 4 without response blind area, it is characterised in that：The circularly polarized light converting means
It sets linear polarizer (3.1) that (3) are arranged in series by paths direction and the slides of λ/4 (3.2) is composed.
6. the atom magnetometer according to claim 4 without response blind area, it is characterised in that：The Helmholtz coil
(5) by copper wire winding, for generating excitation field；Heating device (11) setting is peripheral in the atomic air chamber (6), described
Heating device (11) includes copper fixture, without magneto-resistor heating plate and without magnetic temperature sensor, and the copper fixture is for described in fixation
Atomic air chamber (6), the no magneto-resistor heating plate is for heating the atomic air chamber (6) to improve atomic air chamber (6)
It is interior133Cs atom vapor density, the no magnetic temperature sensor are used to measure the temperature of the atomic air chamber (6), the no magnetoelectricity
Resistance heating plate and the no magnetic temperature sensor are connect with the signal processing system (10).
7. the atom magnetometer according to claim 5 without response blind area, it is characterised in that：The signal processing system
(10) include data collecting card and computer, the data collecting card and the acousto-optic modulator (4), the Helmholtz coil
(5), the no magnetic temperature sensor and the lock-in amplifier (9) connection, the computer connect with the data collecting card
It connects.
8. a kind of method that the atom magnetometer without response blind area measures external magnetic field, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
Step 1: signal processing system generates the high frequency oscillating current far from magnetic resonance frequency, the nothing being input in heating device
Magneto-resistor heating plate, heats atomic air chamber, and acquires in heating device and obtain atom without magnetic temperature sensor measurement
The temperature value of gas chamber adjusts the amplitude of high frequency oscillating current by feedback control, with the temperature of stationary atom gas chamber；
Step 2: opening laser, it is adjusted to133Cs atom D1 line transition resonant frequencies, outgoing laser beam is through beam-expanding collimation
Device and circularly polarized light conversion equipment handle to obtain circularly polarized light, and circularly polarized light passes through atomic air chamber along the x-axis direction, by reflection
Atomic air chamber is passed through along the y-axis direction behind the direction of propagation of microscope group change circularly polarized light；It is detected through photodetector, starts to detect edge
X-axis and the spin polarization component signal in y-axis both direction；
Step 3: signal processing system driving Helmholtz coil generates the excitation field in z-axis direction, while driving acousto-optic modulation
Device modulates circularly polarized light into line amplitude, and the modulating frequency of light and the frequency of excitation field are consistent；Lock-in amplifier demodulates
The signal that photodetector exports in light path, the reference frequency of lock-in amplifier take the frequency of excitation field, signal processing system
The amplitude of the photodetector output signal exported after acquisition lock-in amplifier demodulation；
Step 4: signal processing system makes the photoelectricity collected by the modulating frequency of the frequency and light of adjusting excitation field
The amplitude maximum of detector output signal, the frequency of excitation field is equal to magnetic resonance frequency ω at this time0；According to obtained magnetic resonance
Frequencies omega0, extract and obtain the external magnetic field B=ω at atomic air chamber0/γ。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810083802.1A CN108287322B (en) | 2018-01-29 | 2018-01-29 | Atomic magnetometer without response blind zone and method for measuring external magnetic field by atomic magnetometer |
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| CN201810083802.1A CN108287322B (en) | 2018-01-29 | 2018-01-29 | Atomic magnetometer without response blind zone and method for measuring external magnetic field by atomic magnetometer |
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| CN108287322B CN108287322B (en) | 2020-05-08 |
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| CN111025201A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Probe light path structure of atomic magnetometer |
| CN111044946A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Multimodal closed-loop non-directional blind area CPT magnetometer system |
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| CN111929622A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multichannel gradient magnetic field measuring device based on atomic spin effect |
| CN112433186A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-03-02 | 苏州邈航科技有限公司 | Low-power nuclear magnetic resonance quantum magnetometer measurement system and measurement method thereof |
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| CN109358302A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | It is a kind of without passive magnetic screen atomic magnetic force counter device and survey magnetism method |
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| CN111025201A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Probe light path structure of atomic magnetometer |
| CN111044946A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Multimodal closed-loop non-directional blind area CPT magnetometer system |
| CN111044946B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-11-16 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Multimodal closed-loop non-directional blind area CPT magnetometer system |
| CN111256675A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Laser frequency stabilization system for nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope |
| CN111929622B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-09-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multichannel gradient magnetic field measuring device based on atomic spin effect |
| CN111929622A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multichannel gradient magnetic field measuring device based on atomic spin effect |
| CN112433186B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-03-22 | 苏州邈航科技有限公司 | Low-power nuclear magnetic resonance quantum magnetometer measurement system and measurement method thereof |
| CN112433186A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-03-02 | 苏州邈航科技有限公司 | Low-power nuclear magnetic resonance quantum magnetometer measurement system and measurement method thereof |
| CN112485822B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-07-20 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Method and device for measuring atomic group track in atomic interferometer |
| CN112485822A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-12 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Method and device for measuring atomic group track in atomic interferometer |
| CN112782623A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-05-11 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Magnetic moment measuring device and method |
| CN112782623B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2023-10-24 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Magnetic moment measuring device and method |
| CN112816920A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-18 | 北京大学 | Three-axis vector magnetic field detection method and detection device |
| CN113447862A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Magnetic field gradient measuring device |
| CN113447861A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Magnetic field measuring device |
| CN114487945A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-13 | 中国科学技术大学 | Scalar atom magnetometer without detection blind area and capable of eliminating optical frequency shift and method |
| CN114487945B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-05-14 | 中国科学技术大学 | Scalar atomic magnetometer without detection dead zone and capable of eliminating optical frequency shift and method |
| CN114609556A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-10 | 中国科学技术大学 | Magnetic measurement method based on quantum amplification |
| CN114609556B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2024-05-03 | 中国科学技术大学 | Quantum amplification-based magnetic measurement method |
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