CN104698404A - Atomic magnetic sensor applied to full-optical optical pump magnetometer - Google Patents
Atomic magnetic sensor applied to full-optical optical pump magnetometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104698404A CN104698404A CN201510093696.1A CN201510093696A CN104698404A CN 104698404 A CN104698404 A CN 104698404A CN 201510093696 A CN201510093696 A CN 201510093696A CN 104698404 A CN104698404 A CN 104698404A
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Abstract
The invention provides an atomic magnetic sensor applied to a full-optical optical pump magnetometer. The atomic magnetic sensor is that one light path is equipped with a polarized wave plate, a light strength attenuator, a liquid crystal assembly, an atomic air chamber and a photoelectric detector. According to the atomic magnetic sensor, the liquid crystal assembly is added into an atomic magnetic sensor module of the traditional full-optical optical pump magnetometer, and the voltage amplitude loaded on the liquid crystal assembly is adjusted on real time, so as to control the polarization direction of the linear polarization laser to be kept in vertical to an outer magnetic field all the time, and as a result, the problems of direction error and measuring blind area of the full-optical optical pump magnetometer can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nonmagnetic atom sensor, particularly a kind ofly can to eliminate in laser light pump atom magnetometer because Magnetic Sensor changes relative to the direction in magnetic field to be measured the deflection error that causes and measure blind zone problem.
Background technology
Magnetometer is the general designation to the instrument measuring external magnetic field size, and the magnetometer with high detection sensitivity is widely used in the fields such as biomedicine, geophysics and military and national defense.Optical pumping atom magnetometer is one of highly sensitive magnetometer that development is the most ripe at present, wherein, laser is due to advantages such as monochromaticity are good, selectivity characteristic is excellent, utilize it as the light source of magnetometer, the performance index of magnetometer system can be promoted dramatically, thus become study hotspot both domestic and external.Compared with external advanced optical pumping magnetic detection, domestic technical merit backwardness relatively, therefore, develops highly sensitive optical pumping magnetic detection technology, by significant.
The ultimate principle that optically pumped magnetometer realizes magnetic-field measurement is as follows: under a certain size external magnetic field, and the energy level of atom can produce division, and split into a series of magnetic sublevel equidistantly distributed, the frequency interval between adjacent magnetic sublevel is proportional to the size of external magnetic field.Namely traditional laser light pump magnetometer obtains by different modes the magnetic resonance signal including Magnetic Field, utilizes the frequency interval that this signal obtains between adjacent magnetic sublevel, and then realizes the measurement of external magnetic field size.
Optically pumped magnetometer system, primarily of three module compositions, is respectively laser light source module, nonmagnetic atom sensor assembly, magnetic resonance signal detection module.For different types of optically pumped magnetometer, above-mentioned three modules have different structures respectively.The present invention is mainly for the optically pumped magnetometer (hereinafter referred to as full light optically pumped magnetometer) based on full light mode, and namely system only obtains by laser the magnetic resonance signal realizing magnetic-field measurement function.
Traditional full light optically pumped magnetometer, concrete composition and the function description of its inner three modules are as follows.One) laser light source module.This module mainly comprises LASER Light Source (generation has the laser beam of specific wavelength, intensity and spectrum width), laser intensity modulator (for the intensity of laser being carried out to the modulation of certain frequency).The laser that LASER Light Source produces is by laser intensity modulator, and laser intensity will be carried out the modulation of certain frequency, and modulation signal derives from magnetic resonance signal detection module.Two) nonmagnetic atom sensor assembly.This inside modules mainly comprises passing through a collimating system (for controlling size and the transmitting case of laser beam), optical system (comprises some optical components, for controlling the polarization state of laser), atomic air chamber (being generally the glass envelope being filled with certain atomic gas) and optical detection device (for detecting the laser light signal after atomic air chamber, and light signal is converted to electric signal export).The laser beam that laser light source module produces carries out expanding through passing through a collimating system, collimate after, through certain optical polarization element, will the light beam with certain polarization state be converted into, as circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light.Polarized light re-shoots atomic air chamber, interacts, transmit atomic air chamber with the atom of atomic air chamber inside, is placed in atomic air chamber optical detection device below and detects, and light signal is converted into electric signal output valve magnetic resonance signal detection module.Three) magnetic resonance signal detection module.Its internal main will comprise magnetic resonance signal processing module, and (electric signal for transforming photovalve processes, as filtering, amplification, phase demodulation etc.), signal generating module (for generation of frequency, sinusoidal signal that amplitude is adjustable or square-wave signal), signal control module (according to the magnetic resonance signal after process, controlling frequency or the amplitude of modulation signal), magnetic detection result display module (for showing detection of magnetic field result).Modulation signal generation module produces the modulation signal of frequency-adjustable, inputs to the laser intensity modulator of laser light source module, modulates laser intensity.The magnetic resonance electric signal including field signal to be measured transformed is inputed to magnetic resonance signal processing module by nonmagnetic atom sensor assembly, utilizes the signal processing functions such as the filtering of its inside, amplification, phase-locked, phase demodulation, realizes the extraction of magnetic resonance signal.The magnetic resonance signal of modulation signal control module then by extracting, utilizes the feedback control system of its inside, controls the frequency of modulation signal exported and amplitude and locks, and the frequency values after locking is scaled magnetic field value carries out display translation.
Optically pumped magnetometer realizes magnetic-field measurement, need ensure magnetometer can and external magnetic field between meet certain angled relationships, be also like this for full light optically pumped magnetometer.If angled relationships does not meet, can reduce the amplitude of magnetic resonance signal on the one hand, in some cases, even detect less than magnetic resonance signal (namely measuring blind area), system then cannot normally work.In addition, even if external magnetic field is constant, the change of angle also can change the result of detection (and deflection error) in magnetic field.Therefore, reduce because Magnetic Sensor changes the deflection error and measurement blind zone problem caused relative to the direction in magnetic field to be measured, to the detection performance index of the full light optically pumped magnetometer of raising under motion platform, significant.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of nonmagnetic atom sensor for full light optically pumped magnetometer, by adding Liquid crystal module to the nonmagnetic atom sensor assembly inside of conventional all-optical optically pumped magnetometer, and adjust the voltage magnitude be carried on Liquid crystal module in real time, come the polarization direction of control line polarization laser, make it meet and remain vertical with external magnetic field, thus realize full light optically pumped magnetometer deflection error and the elimination of measuring blind zone problem.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
For a nonmagnetic atom sensor for full light optically pumped magnetometer, a light path comprises successively: a polarization wave plate, a variable optical attenuator, a Liquid crystal module, an atomic air chamber, and photodetector.
Further, a passing through a collimating system is also comprised; One prism; One light source module, in order to send a laser beam.
Described laser beam is modulated by a laser intensity modulator.
Described passing through a collimating system is in order to collimate laser beam and to expand.
Described polarization wave plate in order to described laser beam is become linearly polarized light, by rotatory polarization wave plate, make through laser beam intensity maximum.
Described variable optical attenuator is in order to regulate the intensity of described linearly polarized light.
Described Liquid crystal module comprises one first quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate), a liquid crystal, one second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate).
Described liquid crystal loads an alternating voltage signal, by the amplitude of described alternating voltage signal, in order to regulate the polarization direction entering Liquid crystal module linear laser beam.
Linearly polarized light after Liquid crystal module is incident along atomic air chamber axial direction, and after atomic air chamber, linearly polarized light is incident to photodetector.
Described photodetector is in order to be converted into electric signal by linearly polarized light, and by a wire, described electric signal is exported to a magnetic resonance signal detection module of the acquisition process for magnetic resonance signal, respectively the frequency modulating signal be carried on laser intensity modulator and the alternating voltage signal amplitude on liquid crystal are controlled simultaneously.Particularly, modulation signal is carried on laser intensity modulator, for modulating the intensity of laser, produces intensity modulated laser beam.
Further, the orthogonal thereto relation of fast axle of described the first quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) and the second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate), the fast axle of the fast axle of liquid crystal and the first quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) and the second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) is all in 45 ° of angles.
Further, described liquid crystal needs the alternating voltage signal loading certain frequency, voltage signal derives from the signal generating module of magnetic resonance signal detection module inside, and the amplitude of voltage signal can be controlled by signal control module.
Further, described photodetector is also in order to respond the laser signal of corresponding optical maser wavelength (frequency).
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
For traditional full light optically pumped magnetometer, due to deflection error and the existence of measuring blind area, the direction change of external magnetic field can bring adverse influence to the detection performance of instrument.The present invention is by utilizing the Liquid crystal module added, realize the real-time control to laser rays polarization direction, make linear polarization can all the time perpendicular to external magnetic field, thus eliminate because outer magnetic field direction change is to the deflection error of instrument generation and measurement blind area, improve the detection performance index of full light optically pumped magnetometer under motion platform.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the nonmagnetic atom sensor construction schematic diagram for full light optically pumped magnetometer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be in the embodiment of the present invention for the polarization direction of the voltage signal magnitude and laser that control laser rays polarization direction with the angled relationships experimental result picture between external magnetic field.
Description of reference numerals: 1-passing through a collimating system, 2-polarization wave plate, 3-variable optical attenuator, 4-first quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate), 5-liquid crystal, 6-second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate), 7-atomic air chamber, 8-prism, 9-photodetector.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail; be necessary to herein means out; following embodiment is only for being further detailed the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the those of ordinary skill in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to foregoing invention content to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the nonmagnetic atom sensor that the present invention is used for full light optically pumped magnetometer comprises: passing through a collimating system 1, polarization wave plate 2, variable optical attenuator 3, the first quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 4, liquid crystal 5, second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 6, atomic air chamber 7, prism 8, photodetector 9.
The laser beam sent from light source module first through passing through a collimating system 1, collimates laser beam and expands after being modulated by laser intensity modulator.Laser beam after collimation will become linearly polarized light through polarization wave plate 2, rotatory polarization wave plate, make through laser beam intensity maximum.Linearly polarized light laser intensity is regulated by variable optical attenuator 3.After variable optical attenuator, linearly polarized light passes through successively by the first quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 4, liquid crystal 5, second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 6 Liquid crystal module formed, being carried in by changing the amplitude that liquid crystal submits time variant voltage signal, realizing the adjustment to entering Liquid crystal module laser beam linear polarization.Linearly polarized light after Liquid crystal module is incident along atomic air chamber 7 axial direction, and after atomic air chamber 7, linearly polarized light is incident to prism 8 and focuses on, and is then incident to photodetector 9.Light signal is converted into electric signal by photodetector 9, and export measured electric signal to magnetic resonance signal detection module by wire, for the acquisition process of magnetic resonance signal, respectively the alternating voltage signal amplitude on the frequency modulating signal be carried on laser intensity modulator and liquid crystal 5 is controlled simultaneously.
Further, described the first quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 4 and the orthogonal thereto relation of fast axle of the second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 6, the fast axle of the fast axle of liquid crystal 4 and the first quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 4 and the second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 6 is all in 45 ° of angles.
Further, described liquid crystal 5 needs the alternating voltage signal loading certain frequency, voltage signal derives from the signal generating module of magnetic resonance signal detection module inside, and the amplitude of voltage signal can be controlled by signal control module.
Further, described photodetector 9 can respond the laser signal of corresponding optical maser wavelength (frequency).
Below for full light optically pumped magnetometer helium (
4he) nonmagnetic atom sensor is specific embodiment, and the course of work of the present invention and principle are described:
1, the concrete device selected is as follows
Passing through a collimating system 1 realizes collimating laser beam and expanding, and centered by polarization wave plate 2, wavelength is the polarization wave plate of 1083nm.Centered by variable optical attenuator 3, wavelength is the variable optical attenuator of 1083nm.First quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 4, second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 6 is the quarter-wave plate that centre wavelength is 1083nm.Centered by liquid crystal 5, wavelength is the liquid crystal of 1083nm.Atomic air chamber 7 is basal diameter 30mm, the right cylinder glass blister of high 40mm, inside fill helium (
4he) atomic gas, air pressure 0.3Torr.Centered by prism 8, wavelength is the prism of 1083nm.Photodetector 9 is the InGaAs photoelectric tube that can respond 1083nm centre wavelength light signal.Above-mentioned each parts are fixedly packaged in the shell of polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material making.
2, the course of work and principle
The laser beam sent from light source module first through passing through a collimating system 1, collimates laser beam and expands after being modulated by laser intensity modulator.Laser beam after collimation will become linearly polarized light through polarization wave plate 2, rotatory polarization wave plate, make through laser beam intensity maximum.Linearly polarized light laser intensity is regulated by variable optical attenuator 3.After variable optical attenuator, linearly polarized light passes through successively by the first quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 4, liquid crystal 5, second quarter-wave plate (λ/4 wave plate) 6 Liquid crystal module formed, being carried in by changing the amplitude that liquid crystal submits time variant voltage signal, realizing the adjustment to entering Liquid crystal module laser beam linear polarization.Linearly polarized light after Liquid crystal module is incident along atomic air chamber 7 axial direction, and after atomic air chamber 7, linearly polarized light is incident to prism 8 and focuses on, and is then incident to photodetector 9.Light signal is converted into electric signal by photodetector 9, and export measured electric signal to magnetic resonance signal detection module by wire, for the acquisition process of magnetic resonance signal, respectively the alternating voltage signal amplitude on the frequency modulating signal be carried on laser intensity modulator and liquid crystal 5 is controlled simultaneously.Frequency modulating signal in intensity modulator need meet the condition that magnetic resonance occurs.The amplitude being carried in the alternating voltage signal on liquid crystal 5 need make the laser rays polarization direction after Liquid crystal module all the time perpendicular to external magnetic field.
As shown in Figure 2, for the polarization direction of the voltage signal magnitude and laser for controlling laser rays polarization direction is with the angled relationships experimental result picture between external magnetic field.
System of the present invention is utilized to realize as follows to the basic logic of the control of laser rays polarization direction:
1. voltage magnitude size liquid crystal loaded can change the linear polarization of laser;
2. the voltage signal magnitude in figure is relevant with the angle between external magnetic field with linear polarization, wherein, is that voltage signal magnitude is 0 when angle is 90 °, and voltage magnitude is contrary at 90 ° of both sides positive-negative polarities simultaneously;
3. therefore, if by above-mentioned signal feedback to liquid crystal end, if the linear polarization of laser is not 90 ° with the angle between external magnetic field, then the amplitude of error signal is not 0, liquid crystal will make linear polarization produce rotation, until the angle between linear polarization and external magnetic field is 90 °, now error signal amplitude is 0.
Claims (9)
1. for a nonmagnetic atom sensor for full light optically pumped magnetometer, it is characterized in that, a light path comprises successively: a polarization wave plate, a variable optical attenuator, a Liquid crystal module, an atomic air chamber, and photodetector.
2., as claimed in claim 1 for the nonmagnetic atom sensor of full light optically pumped magnetometer, it is characterized in that, also comprise a passing through a collimating system; One prism; One light source module, in order to send a laser beam.
3., as claimed in claim 2 for the nonmagnetic atom sensor of full light optically pumped magnetometer, it is characterized in that, described laser beam is modulated by a laser intensity modulator; Described passing through a collimating system is in order to collimate laser beam and to expand.
4., as claimed in claim 1 for the nonmagnetic atom sensor of full light optically pumped magnetometer, it is characterized in that, described polarization wave plate in order to described laser beam is become linearly polarized light, by rotatory polarization wave plate, make through laser beam intensity maximum; Described variable optical attenuator is in order to regulate the intensity of described linearly polarized light.
5., as claimed in claim 1 for the nonmagnetic atom sensor of full light optically pumped magnetometer, it is characterized in that, described Liquid crystal module comprises one first quarter-wave plate, a liquid crystal, one second quarter-wave plate.
6. as claimed in claim 5 for the nonmagnetic atom sensor of full light optically pumped magnetometer, it is characterized in that, described liquid crystal loads an alternating voltage signal, by the amplitude of described alternating voltage signal, in order to regulate the polarization direction entering Liquid crystal module linear laser beam.
7. as claimed in claim 6 for the nonmagnetic atom sensor of full light optically pumped magnetometer, it is characterized in that, described photodetector is in order to be converted into electric signal by linearly polarized light, and by a wire, described electric signal is exported to a magnetic resonance signal detection module of the acquisition process for magnetic resonance signal, respectively the frequency modulating signal be carried on laser intensity modulator and the alternating voltage signal amplitude on liquid crystal are controlled simultaneously.
8. as claimed in claim 5 for the nonmagnetic atom sensor of full light optically pumped magnetometer, it is characterized in that, the orthogonal thereto relation of fast axle of the first described quarter-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate, the fast axle of the fast axle of liquid crystal and the first quarter-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate is all in 45 ° of angles.
9., as claimed in claim 1 for the nonmagnetic atom sensor of full light optically pumped magnetometer, it is characterized in that, described photodetector is also in order to respond the laser signal of corresponding optical maser wavelength and/or frequency.
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| CN105866716A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-08-17 | 梁尚清 | Novel all-optical type laser light pump magnetometer and realization method thereof |
| CN106772158A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 上海通用卫星导航有限公司 | A kind of probe of caesium optical pumped magnetometer |
| CN106842074A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Three axial vector atom magnetometers and application method based on longitudinal magnetic field modulation |
| CN106872911A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-20 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Atom magnetometer and application method under a kind of excitation field high |
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| CN114217249A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Non-blind-area magnetic field measuring device and measuring method based on laser polarization modulation |
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| CN105866716A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-08-17 | 梁尚清 | Novel all-optical type laser light pump magnetometer and realization method thereof |
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| CN106772158A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 上海通用卫星导航有限公司 | A kind of probe of caesium optical pumped magnetometer |
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| CN106932737B (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2019-03-19 | 上海理工大学 | Increase the atomic magnetic force transducer production method of material processing based on film layer |
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| CN106842074A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Three axial vector atom magnetometers and application method based on longitudinal magnetic field modulation |
| CN106872911A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-20 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Atom magnetometer and application method under a kind of excitation field high |
| CN106842074B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-07-02 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Three axial vector atom magnetometers and application method based on longitudinal magnetic field modulation |
| CN106872911B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-04-05 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Atom magnetometer and application method under a kind of high excitation field |
| CN108169803A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-06-15 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | A kind of broadband measurement system and method for alternating magnetic field |
| CN108169803B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-09-03 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | A kind of broadband measurement system and method for alternating magnetic field |
| CN108287322A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-17 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Atomic magnetometer without response blind zone and method for measuring external magnetic field by atomic magnetometer |
| CN108287322B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2020-05-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Atomic magnetometer without response blind zone and method for measuring external magnetic field by atomic magnetometer |
| CN109100664A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-12-28 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | A kind of measurement method of space small magnetic field |
| CN109188316A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-11 | 北京大学 | The auto-excitation type atom Magnetic Sensor and Measurement Method for Magnetic Field of liquid crystal phase compensation |
| CN110646750A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-01-03 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Magnetic field detection system and method based on electron spin reflection cancellation |
| CN110879374A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-03-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | Single-beam spin polarization and detection method |
| CN110988759A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-10 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | Omnidirectional magneto-optical pump magnetometer |
| CN111044943A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Multi-spectrum closed-loop locking method and system for CPT magnetometer |
| CN111044943B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-04-19 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Multi-spectrum closed-loop locking method and system for CPT magnetometer |
| CN114062983A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 北京大学 | Atomic magnetic sensor for magneto-optical double-resonance magnetometer |
| CN114217249A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Non-blind-area magnetic field measuring device and measuring method based on laser polarization modulation |
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