CN108114909B - A kind of old metal intelligence storting apparatus and method based on Libs system - Google Patents
A kind of old metal intelligence storting apparatus and method based on Libs system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108114909B CN108114909B CN201611070550.6A CN201611070550A CN108114909B CN 108114909 B CN108114909 B CN 108114909B CN 201611070550 A CN201611070550 A CN 201611070550A CN 108114909 B CN108114909 B CN 108114909B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/718—Laser microanalysis, i.e. with formation of sample plasma
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/0036—Sorting out metallic particles
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of old metal intelligence storting apparatus and method based on Libs system, equipment includes: belt system, image capturing system, Libs system, mechanism for sorting and main control computer.Method are as follows: old metal sample is transmitted by belt system, image capturing system carries out Image Acquisition to old metal sample, Libs system is effectively identified that mechanism for sorting precisely sorts old metal sample to old metal sample, the co-ordination under main control computer control of each subsystem.The present invention uses the chemical characteristic of Libs network analysis old metal, can effectively be identified to old metal ingredient, realizes the highly difficult sorting of two kinds and the above similar component old metal.The present invention utilizes air-blowing mechanism for sorting, cooperates high-frequency electromagnetic valve, can greatly improve the sorting efficiency of old metal, with conventional sorting methods incomparable accuracy of identification and recognition efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to old metal to sort field, and specifically a kind of old metal based on Libs system, which intelligently sorts, to be set
Standby and method.
Background technique
For old metal sorting field: old metal refers to the metal or alloy product for being temporarily lost with use value.Old metal
Generally all there is useful metal, while also including harmful element.If mishandling to old metal, that is, it is likely to cause money
The waste in source, and may cause environmental pollution.Therefore it sorts and recycling is to realize the important means of old metal effective use.At present
Sorting technology is mainly distinguished using the physical characteristic of old metal itself, such as density, magnetism, electrical property, optics etc..Tradition point
Choosing method includes screening, gravity separation, flotation, magnetic current body sorting, electric field sorting, sorting etc..Due to the physics of certain old metal
Characteristic close, the conventional sorting methods disadvantage not high there are sharpness of separation, or even cannot effectively complete to sort.It is also possible to simultaneously
The disadvantages of there are environmental pollutions greatly, availability is not high, resource loss is big.The sorting technology of chemical characteristic based on old metal itself
The accuracy of separation results can be more directly reflected, therefore be the development trend of current sorting technology.
Libs (laser induced breakdown spectroscopy) system focuses sample surfaces by ultra-short wave pulse laser and forms plasma,
It is analyzed using spectrometric instrument plasma emission spectrum, obtains sample constituent content, finally have to material
Effect identification, classification, Qualitative and quantitative analysis.Since Libs system can carry out online quick detection identification to sample (usually
For Millisecond), Libs system is combined with chemical characteristic Sorting Technique, the quick of Libs system can be played to greatest extent
The accuracy and sorting efficiency of old metal sorting is greatly improved in the advantages of evident characteristics.
This invention address that the chemical characteristic Sorting Technique of old metal itself, core technology is based on Libs system, simultaneously
In conjunction with technologies such as pipeline, image capturing system, mechanism for sorting, automation control and recognizers, eminence finally can be realized
The old metal of reason amount, high availability and high disposal precision sorts.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, meet the high-precision requirement of old metal sorting, the present invention wants
The technical issues of solution, is to provide a kind of old metal intelligence storting apparatus and method based on Libs system.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is: a kind of old metal based on Libs system intelligently picks
Optional equipment and method.
A kind of old metal intelligence storting apparatus based on Libs system, comprising:
Belt system 100, for carrying and transmitting old metal sample 000, and its running speed is by main control computer
500 controls；
Image for carrying out Image Acquisition to old metal sample 000, and is uploaded to master control meter by image capturing system 200
Calculation machine 500；
Libs system 300, for 000 emission pulse laser beam of old metal sample formed plasma, then equity from
The emission spectrum of daughter is acquired and analyzes, and the spectrum of old metal sample 000 is uploaded to main control computer 500；
Mechanism for sorting 400, the sorting path for being exported according to main control computer 500 are sorted；
Main control computer 500, for in entire sorting device each system and mechanism timing control is provided；Control conveying
Band 100 running speed of system；Control image capturing system 200 acquires 000 image of old metal sample and carries out image procossing, obtains
Position coordinates, the size and shape of each old metal sample 000；It controls Libs system 300 and light is carried out to old metal sample 000
Spectrum transmitting collects and analyzes, to judge classification and the sorting path of the old metal sample 000；Control mechanism for sorting 400
Sorting work is carried out according to the sorting path of regulation.
The belt system 100 includes: 101,2 toothed belts 102 of feeding slideway mechanism, toothed belt 103, servo electricity
Machine 104, encoder 105；
The servo motor 104 is connected on active toothed belt 102-1 through shaft coupling, one end of toothed belt 103 and master
Dynamic toothed belt 102-1 engagement, its other end are engaged with driven toothed belt wheel 102-2, and toothed belt 103 is tensioned, servo electricity
Machine 104 drives toothed belt 103 steadily to operate；Encoder 105 obtains servo motor revolving speed in real time, and is reported to main control computer
500, main control computer 500 converts according to transmission ratio, obtains the real-time running speed V of toothed belt 103.
The old metal sample 000 is placed in belt system 100 in single layer queueing form.
Described image acquisition system 200 includes: a CCD camera 201, shield 202, several lamp groups 203；The CCD phase
Machine 201 is placed on the surface of 100 center line of belt system, is H1, i.e. preset field of view model apart from 103 surface distance of tooth form
It encloses adjustable；It is equipped with a zero datum 204 inside preset field of view, is fixed in non-moving parts, space coordinate is fixed not
Become；At the Image Acquisition moment each time, each old metal sample 000 can be obtained in preset field of view apart from zero datum 204
Space length, so as to obtain the spatial position coordinate of sample；
The center line of the center line of 200 preset field of view of described image acquisition system and 300 focused light passages of Libs system is defeated
Sending the distance in tape motion direction i.e. X-direction is L1, and cannot be less than L1min, L1min=0.5LDepending on+Lmin, LDepending onExist for preset field of view
Convey the distance in tape motion direction, it is ensured that Libs system 300 has the old metal sample 000 of any position in predetermined field of view
Enough response times.
The Libs system 300 includes: pulse laser optical path 301, collects optical path 302, reflecting mirror 303, dichroscope
304, spectroanalysis instrument 306；The reflecting mirror 303 is placed in parallel with dichroscope 304 and space relative distance is L3, and is made
Pulse laser optical path 301, the collecting direction of spectrum, the impact direction of pulse laser are consistent；
The pulse laser optical path 301 is made of pulse laser 3011 with focusing microscope group 3012 is expanded；Pulse laser
3011 issue the pulsed light beam with certain angle of divergence and thin hot spot, and pulsed light beam successively focuses the expansion of microscope group 3012 by expanding
Shu Jing and focus lamp, reflecting mirror 303, dichroscope 304 are ultimately applied to 000 surface excitation of old metal sample and go out spectrum；
000 surface excitation of old metal sample goes out spectrum, successively by dichroscope 304, by 3021 and of collection microscope group
Optical fiber 3022, which is constituted, collects optical path 302, is finally collected by spectroanalysis instrument 306；
The spectroanalysis instrument 306 contain at least one to eliminate second level and the above diffraction influence filter plate, one
With the matched collimating mirror of numerical aperture, spectro-grating and the detector of optical fiber 3022；Spectroanalysis instrument 306 is with then to selected wave
The spectral information of section is acquired and analyzes, and the spectrum of old metal sample 000 is uploaded to main control computer 500.
The Libs system 300 further includes a protecting window 305, window plane and the vertical axis of collection 302 optical axis of optical path
Direction is in the angle α, and value is 5 °；For being realized to internal pulse laser optical path 301, collection optical path 302, spectroanalysis instrument 306
Protection.
The mechanism for sorting 400 includes: a row or multi-row air-blowing pipeline 401, nozzle mount 402, nozzle adjustment axis
403, plate 404, gas source 405, sorting case 1, sorting case 2 407 are sorted；
The air-blowing pipeline 401 includes nozzle 4011, tracheae 4012 and high frequency machinery valve 4013；The air-blowing pipeline of entire row
401 are installed in nozzle mount 402, and nozzle mount 402 can adjust axis 403 along nozzle and carry out angle adjustment, and lock
Both tight relative angle；Nozzle, which adjusts axis 403, to carry out position adjustment to Z-direction along X, thus sorts the position of point one
Determine to be able to carry out adjustment in range；
Main control computer 500 provides the high frequency machinery valve 4013 of sorting signal to each air-blowing pipeline 401, and then controls
The on-off of compressed air；The compressed air of high speed blowout acts on the old metal sample 000 being sorted, and changes old metal sample
000 flight path；The interception of plate 404 is sorted to the old metal sample 000 to fly along path 1 and is collected in sorting case 1
Interior, the old metal sample 000 to fly along path 2 is collected in sorting case 2 407.
A kind of old metal intelligence picking method based on Libs system, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: main control computer 500 is controlled belt system 100 and is at the uniform velocity operated with speed V, 500 basis of main control computer
The servo motor revolving speed and gear ratio calculation of 105 real-time report of encoder obtain the real-time running speed V of toothed belt 103, in real time
Monitor the motion state of belt system 100；
Step 2: manually or automatically old metal sample 000 being placed on the feeding slideway of belt system 100, old metal
Sample 000 is slided in single layer queueing form, and toothed belt 103 drives old metal sample 000 with speed V movement, passes sequentially through other
Subsystem；
Step 3: image capturing system 200 carries out continuous sampling to each old metal sample 000 for entering preset field of view
Processing, is uploaded to main control computer 500 for the image of acquisition；
Step 4: 500 pairs of main control computer acquisition image informations carry out binary conversion treatment, dimension-reduction treatment, sample identification,
Sizing calibration, sample center point coordinate calculate；Then processing is numbered to sample, establishes and has sample number into spectrum information, position
The database of information, dimension information, and real-time update database information；According to the motion state of database information and conveyer belt,
When may know that focusing optical axis of the old metal sample 000 by the pulse laser optical path 301 of Libs system 300 and mechanism for sorting
The correct time of 400 sorting point；
Step 5: when the center of old metal sample 000 passes through the focusing optical axis of the pulse laser optical path 301 of Libs system 300
When, main control computer 500 is worked with triggering mode control laser pulse optical path 301, issues pulse laser beam, is struck in old metal
000 center of sample；It is collected simultaneously optical path 302 and collects excitation spectrum, spectroanalysis instrument 306 analyzes spectral information, and will
Analysis result is uploaded to main control computer 500；
Step 6: main control computer 500 is according to the spectrum of the old metal sample 000 of the output of Libs system 300 to old metal
Sample 000 is identified, determines the ingredient of old metal sample 000, to the compositional classification attribute of database addition sample；
Step 7: when at the sorting point that old metal sample 000 reaches mechanism for sorting 400, main control computer 500 is to trigger
Mode controls mechanism for sorting 400 and carries out intelligent sorting to old metal sample 000；When being not required to reject, sorting is passed through with flat path 1 of throwing
Mechanism 400, into sorting case one；When needing to reject, according to the dimension information of sample, several air-blowing pipelines 401 spray compression
Air, airflow function is on old metal sample 000, and the flat throwing track of old metal sample 000 changes at this time, with path 2 into
Enter to sort case two.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantage:
1. the present invention uses the chemical characteristic of Libs network analysis old metal, old metal can effectively be identified, it is real
Existing two kinds and the above similar component old metal highly difficult sorting (such as aluminium alloy family, conventional sorting methods by appearance without
Method realizes sorting).
2. accuracy of identification and recognition efficiency that radio frequency of the present invention has conventional sorting methods incomparable.
3. laser of the present invention issues the time of pulse laser and the central point of old metal sample arrives at pulse laser
The time height of the focusing optical axis of optical path is consistent, i.e., only arrives at pulse laser optical path 301 in the central point of old metal sample 000
When focusing optical axis, accurate laser impact and spectral collection are carried out, laser is in sending always in the prior art compared to other
The situation of laser can be greatly improved the working efficiency of laser, and then extend the working life of laser, reduce this patent and relate to
And the old metal intelligence storting apparatus based on LIBS system operation cost.
4. the present invention utilizes air-blowing mechanism for sorting, cooperate high-frequency electromagnetic valve, the sorting effect of old metal can greatly be improved
Rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the front view of the old metal intelligence storting apparatus of the invention based on Libs system；
Fig. 2 is the top view of the old metal intelligence storting apparatus of the invention based on Libs system；
Fig. 3 realizes the schematic illustration for being sorted sample single layer queueing form to be a kind of in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic illustration of Libs system in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the front view of mechanism for sorting in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the top view of mechanism for sorting in the present invention.
Fig. 1, in 2: old metal sample 000, belt system 100, image capturing system 200, Libs system 300, sorting
Mechanism 400, main control computer 500；
Belt system 100, feeding slideway mechanism 101, toothed belt 102, toothed belt 103, servo motor 104, coding
Device 105；
Image capturing system 200, CCD camera 201, shield 202, lamp group 203, zero datum 204；
In Fig. 1,2,4: Libs system 300, (pulse laser 3011 expands focusing microscope group to pulse laser optical path 301
3012) optical path 302 (collecting microscope group 3021, optical fiber 3022), reflecting mirror 303, dichroscope 304, protecting window 305, light, are collected
Spectrum analysis instrument 306；
In Fig. 1,2,5,6: mechanism for sorting 400, air-blowing pipeline 401 (nozzle 4011, tracheae 4012, high frequency machinery valve
4013), nozzle mount 402, nozzle adjust axis 403, sort plate 404, and gas source 405 sorts case 1, sort case 2 407.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the old metal intelligence storting apparatus (abbreviation storting apparatus) based on Libs system includes: conveyer belt system
System 100, image capturing system 200, Libs system 300, mechanism for sorting 400 and main control computer 500.Libs is induced with laser
Breakdown spectral.
Old metal sample 000 is the object of storting apparatus work.Belt system 100 is transmitting old metal sample 000
Mechanism.Image capturing system 200 carries out Image Acquisition to the old metal sample 000 on conveyer belt, and image is uploaded to master control
Computer 500.Libs system 300 to 000 emission pulse laser of old metal sample, forms plasma, then Libs system first
The emission spectrum of 300 plasmas of uniting is acquired, and spectral information is uploaded to main control computer 500.Main control computer
500 carry out the identification of the chemical characteristic based on old metal itself to old metal sample 000 according to spectral information, according to recognition result,
Sorting signal is sent to mechanism for sorting 400.Mechanism for sorting 400 completes type sorting to old metal sample 000, and the present invention uses gas
Blow formula mechanism for sorting 400.The control axis of main control computer 500 or entire storting apparatus, it controls the coordination of its sub-systems
Work.
Next each subsystem composition and function are discussed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Before the sorting work for carrying out this patent description, vibrating screen need to be used, according to the pore size of sieve pore, to useless gold
Belong to sample 000 and carry out dimensions classification, the old metal sample 000 in general same specification, the size of maximum sample must not
More than 3 times of its minimal sample size.
The invention patent relates to belt system 100 be universal mature technology, it is desirable that the movement velocity of conveyer belt can
Continuous adjustment, conveyer belt do not occur sliding phenomenon (such as tooth form conveyer belt, chain type conveyor belt etc.) when operating, and can be anti-in real time
Present real-world operation speed.This patent gives a kind of 100 exemplary construction of belt system, as shown in Figure 1, 2, mainly by upper
Material slideway mechanism 101, toothed belt 102, toothed belt 103, servo motor 104, encoder 105 is equal to be constituted.Its cardinal principle is such as
Under: servo motor 104 is connected on active toothed belt 102-1 through shaft coupling, one end of toothed belt 103 and active toothed belt
102-1 engagement, its other end are engaged with driven toothed belt wheel 102-2, under strainer (not marked in figure) effect, tooth form
Band 103 is tensioned, and servo motor 104 can drive toothed belt 103 steadily to operate.Encoder 104 can obtain servo electricity in real time
Machine revolving speed, converts through transmission ratio, can obtain the real-time running speed V of toothed belt 104, this running speed V is finally informed master control
Computer 500.The belt system 100 that this patent is related to is not limited to exemplary tooth form conveyer belt.
Old metal sample 000 requires to be placed at random in belt system 100 in single layer queueing form, and any two
A adjacent the distance between old metal sample 000 cannot be less than Lmin, and (Lmin is according to the working frequency f of screening installation and conveying
Running speed v with system 100 is calculated, i.e. Lmin=v/f).
This patent gives a kind of method realizing 000 single layer of old metal sample and being lined up, and principle is as shown in Figure 3.Defeated
The top with system 100 is sent to be equipped with the different conveyer belt of several revolving speeds (being 1~conveyer belt of conveyer belt 3 in Fig. 3 example), to
Change separation degree between old metal sample 000.The setting speed of each conveyer belt gradually increases (i.e. V1 < V2 < V3 < V), according to useless
The overlapping degree of metal sample 000 changes the setting of corresponding each conveyer belt, makes appointing in the belt system 100 of most downstream
The distance between two neighboring old metal sample 000 of anticipating cannot be less than Lmin.Realize the method that 000 single layer of old metal sample is lined up
It is not limited to the exemplary method of this patent.
Old metal sample 000 requires the approximate centerline for being placed on belt system 100 as far as possible, and is being conveyed through
Cheng Zhong, it is desirable that old metal sample 000 must not roll.The feeding end of belt system 100 is equipped with feeding slideway mechanism 101,
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 the slideway uses V-groove structure, the old metal sample 000 of different sizes (in same specification) is in V-groove
Under guiding role, it is automatically adjusted to approximate centerline (center line of V-groove and the belt system 100 of belt system 100
Center line alignment).The angle of V-groove within the scope of 120 °~150 ° to be advisable.Feeding slideway mechanism 101 and belt system
100 directions of motion there are angle thetas, and can adjust in a certain range, see Fig. 1.It can make to slide to feeding slideway mechanism 101
Running speed V of the initial velocity of the old metal sample 000 in portion close to belt system 100, it is ensured that the stationarity of conveying.
The old metal sample 000 of different size needs to match the belt system 100 for using different in width, general conveyer belt
The bandwidth of system 100 is bigger by 20~30% than maximum sample size in the specification to be advisable.
The image capturing system 200 that this patent is related to includes that a calibrated preset field of view (has certain visual field width L
Depending on as shown in Figure 1, 2), major function carries out sequential image acquisition to the old metal sample 000 for entering preset field of view, thus
Obtain the information such as position coordinates, the size and shape of each old metal sample 000.Image capturing system 200 contains a CCD
Camera 201 is placed on the surface in 100 center line somewhere of belt system, is H1 apart from 103 surface distance of tooth form, and
H1 height distance is adjustable, i.e. preset field of view range is adjustable.It is equipped with a zero datum 204 inside preset field of view, is fixed on
In non-moving parts, space coordinate immobilizes.In this way, can be obtained each in preset field of view at the Image Acquisition moment each time
Space length of a old metal sample 000 apart from zero datum 204, so as to obtain the spatial position coordinate information of sample.
Not by ambient light conditions, the shape of old metal, surface reflectivity of old metal etc. when in order to guarantee Image Acquisition
Factor influences, and image capturing system 200 is also required comprising a unified, controllable illumination subsystem, mainly by 202 He of shield
Several lamp groups 203 are constituted, as shown in Figure 1.Shield 202 is nontransparent material, it is therefore an objective to completely cut off the influence of external environment light, together
When interior surface be sprayed with that dumb light is pitch-dark, prevent the generation of diffusing reflection phenomenon.Lamp group 203 is evenly arranged on the inside of shield 202 upper table
On face, multidirectional Uniform Illumination is realized.
The center line of 200 preset field of view of image capturing system and the center line of 300 focused light passages of Libs system are in conveyer belt
Distance in the direction of motion (X to) is L1 (as shown in Figure 1), and usual L1 distance can adjust, and cannot be less than L1min (L1min=
0.5L view+Lmin), it is ensured that Libs system 300 has enough responses to the old metal sample 000 of any position in predetermined field of view
Time.
The Libs system 300 that this patent is related to includes a pulse laser optical path 301, as shown in figure 4, pulse strikes work
It is completed by the optical path.Pulse laser optical path 301 is made of pulse laser 3011 with focusing microscope group 3012 is expanded, working principle
As follows: pulse laser 3011 issues the pulsed light beam of with certain angle of divergence, the thin hot spot；Expanding focusing microscope group 3012 includes
Beam expanding lens and focus lamp two parts, light beam is after beam expanding lens, and beam divergence angle is compressed, while spot diameter is amplified；
After light beam line focus mirror, light beam, which is focused at the space point of focus lamp outgoing side, (is assumed to be perfect optical system), passes through
Focus lamp is adjusted along the spatial position of optical axis, the focusing length of adjusting light beam；Pulsed laser action after focusing is in old metal
000 surface of sample forms plasma, and the atom in action of plasma region is excited, and issues spectral information.Using expanding
Mainly there are two advantages for refocusing afterwards: first is that can be improved the focusing length of pulsed laser beam, facilitating engineer application；Second is that drop
Low latitude gas breakdown probability improves capacity usage ratio.
The Libs system 300 that this patent is related to includes also a collection optical path 302, as shown in figure 4, the collection of spectral information
Work is completed by the optical path.Collect optical path 302 be made of collection microscope group 3021 and optical fiber 3022, its working principles are as follows: wait from
Daughter is as object, and the picture for being collected microscope group 3021 is one dot of space, and size is much smaller than the core diameter of optical fiber 3022, while as end
Angular aperture need to be less than optical fiber 3022 numerical aperture (meeting optical fiber light-guiding condition), by adjusting optical fiber 3022 and plasma
The relative space position of picture improves the coupling efficiency of optical fiber, can improve spectral information capacity gauge to greatest extent.
Under normal circumstances, when the collecting direction of spectrum is consistent with the impact direction of pulse laser, collecting effect is best.This is specially
The Libs system 300 that benefit is related to uses reflecting mirror 303 and dichroscope 304, completes pulse laser optical path 301 and collects optical path
302 conjunction beam, while avoiding the interference phenomenon of two optical paths.Its principle be pulse laser optical path 301 by reflecting mirror 303 and two to
After 304 double reflection of Look mirror, the downstream optical path after reflection is parallel with the upstream optical path before reflection, and space relative distance is L3；
Downstream optical path after reflection is overlapped with optical path 302 is collected, after emission spectrum can be directed through dichroscope 304, by collection optical path
302 complete to collect.
The Libs system 300 that this patent is related to also includes a protecting window 305, as shown in figure 4, its window plane and receipts
Collect 302 optical axis of optical path and hangs down axis direction in the angle α (generally 5 ° or so).The defencive function of protecting window 305 mainly has following two points:
First is that completely cutting off internal optical path and external environment, internal components are realized and are protected；Second is that protecting window 305 not with pulse laser optical path
301 is vertical with collection optical path 302, and for pulsed laser beam after the reflection of the upper surface of protecting window 305, the light of reflection will not
It is returned along original optical path, protection is realized to internal optical device.
The Libs system 300 that this patent is related to includes also a spectroanalysis instrument 306, contains at least one filter plate,
To eliminate the influence of second level and the above diffraction；Comprising a collimating mirror, need to be matched with the numerical aperture of optical fiber 3022；Also include
Spectro-grating and detector.The major function of spectroanalysis instrument 306 is that the spectral information of selected wave band is acquired and is analyzed,
And analysis result is uploaded to main control computer 500.Currently, there is the commercial spectroanalysis instrument for being suitable for this patent in the market.
The protecting window 305 of Libs system 300 is H2 (as shown in Figure 1), usual H2 apart from 103 upper surface of toothed belt distance
Height distance is adjustable, the focus of guarantee pulse laser optical path 301 a small distance above toothed belt 103, and focal spot height
It can adjust in a certain range.The focus of pulse laser optical path 301 is located above the center line of belt system 100 (such as simultaneously
Shown in Fig. 2), it is ensured that the validity of impact.
The sorting point of 300 focused light passages center line of Libs system and mechanism for sorting 400 is in conveying tape motion direction (X to)
Distance is L2, its usual value is adjustable, and cannot be less than L2min (L2min=Lmin), it is ensured that mechanism for sorting 400 is to each
Old metal sample 000 has enough response times.
LIBS system 300 is worked under the operating mode accurately controlled based on sample position, i.e., according to old metal sample 000
Real-time location information, when old metal sample 000 central point arrive at pulse laser optical path 301 focusing optical axis when, carry out
Accurate laser impact and spectral collection realize that laser stroke time and old metal sample 000 reach the height of impact point time
Matching.The advantages of operating mode of above-mentioned LIBS system 300 is: laser triggers work according to the quantity of old metal sample 000,
Can be greatly improved the working efficiency of laser, and then extend the working life of laser, reduce that this patent is related to based on
The operation cost of the old metal intelligence storting apparatus of LIBS system.
The mechanism for sorting 400 that this patent is related to is completed to sort using compressed air as working media, and operating frequency is high
(up to 10HZ or more), the old metal sample sorting work little suitable for quality has the advantages that sorting efficiency is high.Sorter
Structure 400 is worked under the operating mode accurately controlled based on 000 position of old metal sample, i.e., according to the reality of old metal sample 000
When location information, realize that jet time and old metal sample 000 reach the matched of sorting point time.Mechanism for sorting 400
Comprising a row or multi-row air-blowing pipeline 401 (as shown in figure 5, being illustrated as a row), it is arranged in the discharging end of belt system 100,
The width of the air-blowing pipeline 401 of entire row need to cover the width of belt system 100.
The air-blowing pipeline 401 that this patent is related to is the minimum unit blown, it is by nozzle 4011, tracheae 4012 and High-frequency machine
Tool valve 4013 constitute, its working principle is that: by gas source 405 it is defeated come compressed air pass through high frequency machinery valve 4013, then through gas
Pipe 4012 is blown out from gas nozzle 4011, and the compressed air of high speed blowout acts on the old metal sample 000 being sorted, and is changed useless
The flight path of metal sample 000.Main control computer 500 provides the high frequency machinery of sorting signal to each air-blowing pipeline 401
Valve 4013, and then control the on-off of compressed air.
The air-blowing pipeline 401 of entire row is installed in nozzle mount 402, and nozzle mount 402 can be adjusted along nozzle
Axis 403 carries out angle adjustment, and locks the relative angle of the two.Nozzle, which adjusts axis 403, to carry out position tune to Z-direction along X
It is whole, thus the position for sorting point is able to carry out adjustment in a certain range.
When old metal sample 000 passes through the discharging end of belt system 100 with speed V, old metal sample 100 does flat throwing
Movement, horizontal initial rate V, vertical speed do uniformly accelerated motion with g, and motion profile is path 1, as shown in Figure 5.Path
2 be the path to change after blowing.The mechanism for sorting 400 that this patent is related to also includes a sorting plate 404, its main mesh
Be to be intercepted to the old metal sample 000 to fly along path 1, without being carried out to the old metal sample 000 that flies along path 2
It intercepts, thus the old metal sample in two kinds of different paths is separated.Position tune can be carried out to Z-direction along X by sorting plate 404
It is whole, thus sorting work when meeting the different flat throwing track of initial velocity and different sortings point.To the old metal to fly along path 1
Sample 000 is collected in sorting case 1, and the old metal sample 000 to fly along path 2 is collected in sorting case 2 407.
The main control computer 500 that this patent is related in sorting device each system and mechanism timing control, master control are provided
Computer 500 includes host computer PC and slave computer PLC.The function of mainly realizing includes: the identification and position tracking, touching of sample
Hair control laser works, sample intelligent recognition, triggering control mechanism for sorting work etc..General main control computer 500 needs work
Under real time operating system, to meet the timing control requirement of high speed sorting.
The specific workflow of storting apparatus of this patent description is further illustrated below:
1. main control computer 500 is controlled belt system 100 and at the uniform velocity operated with speed V, while encoder 105 obtains conveying
The band actual running speed V of system 100, and it is uploaded to main control computer 500, conveyer belt is monitored in real time by main control computer 500
The motion state of system 100.
2. manually or automatically old metal sample 000 is placed on the feeding slideway of belt system 100, old metal sample
000 slides in single layer queueing form, and toothed belt 103 drives old metal sample 000 with speed V movement, passes sequentially through other subsystems
System.
3. image capturing system 200 carries out continuous sampling processing to each old metal sample 000 for entering preset field of view,
The image information that will acquire is uploaded to main control computer 500；
4. the image information of 500 pairs of main control computer acquisitions carries out binary conversion treatment, dimension-reduction treatment, sample identification, size
Calibration, sample center point coordinate calculate；Then processing is numbered to sample, establish with sample number into spectrum information, location information,
The database of dimension information, and real-time update database information.According to the motion state of database information and conveyer belt, that is, know
Road old metal sample 000 is by the pulse laser optical path 301 of Libs system 300 when focusing optical axis and point of mechanism for sorting 400
Pick correct time a little.
5. when focusing optical axis of the center of old metal sample 000 by the pulse laser optical path 301 of Libs system 300,
Main control computer 500 is worked with triggering mode control laser pulse optical path 301, issues pulse laser beam, is struck in old metal sample
000 center of product；It is collected simultaneously optical path 302 and collects excitation spectrum, spectroanalysis instrument 306 analyzes spectral information, and will divide
Analysis result is uploaded to main control computer 500.
6. main control computer 500 carries out intelligent recognition to old metal sample 000 using Net work method, old metal is determined
The classification of sample 000, to the categorical attribute of database addition sample.
7. main control computer 500 is when at the sorting point that old metal sample 000 reaches mechanism for sorting 400 with triggering mode
It controls mechanism for sorting 400 and intelligent sorting is carried out to old metal sample 000.When being not required to reject, mechanism for sorting is passed through with flat path 1 of throwing
400, into sorting case one；When needing to reject, according to the dimension information of sample, several air-blowing pipelines 401 spray compressed air,
Airflow function is on old metal sample 000, and the flat throwing track of old metal sample 000 changes at this time, is entered with path 2 and is sorted
Case two.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of old metal intelligence storting apparatus based on Libs system characterized by comprising
Belt system (100), for carrying and transmitting old metal sample (000), and its running speed is by main control computer
(500) it controls；The belt system (100) includes: feeding slideway mechanism (101), 2 toothed belts (102), toothed belt
(103), servo motor (104), encoder (105)；The servo motor (104) is connected to active toothed belt through shaft coupling
On (102-1), one end of toothed belt (103) is engaged with active toothed belt (102-1), its other end and driven toothed belt wheel
(102-2) engagement, toothed belt (103) are tensioned, and servo motor (104) drives toothed belt (103) steadily to operate；Encoder
(105) servo motor revolving speed is obtained in real time, and is reported to main control computer (500), and main control computer (500) is changed according to transmission ratio
It calculates, obtains toothed belt (103) running speed V in real time；The old metal sample (000) is placed on conveying in single layer queueing form
On band system (100)；
Image for carrying out Image Acquisition to old metal sample (000), and is uploaded to master control meter by image capturing system (200)
Calculation machine (500)；Described image acquisition system (200) includes: a CCD camera (201), shield (202), several lamp groups (203)；
The CCD camera (201) is placed on the surface of belt system (100) center line, apart from toothed belt (103) surface away from
From for H1, i.e. preset field of view range is adjustable；It is equipped with a zero datum (204) inside preset field of view, is fixed on non-athletic
On component, space coordinate immobilizes；At the Image Acquisition moment each time, each old metal sample in preset field of view can be obtained
(000) apart from the space length of zero datum (204), so as to obtain the spatial position coordinate of sample；Described image acquisition
The center line of system (200) preset field of view and the center line of Libs system (300) focused light passages are in conveying tape motion direction, that is, side X
Upward distance is L1, and cannot be less than L1min, L1min=0.5LDepending on+Lmin, LminFor according to the working frequency f of screening installation and
The running speed v of belt system (100) is calculated, i.e. Lmin=v/f, LDepending onBe preset field of view conveying tape motion direction on away from
From, it is ensured that Libs system (300) has enough response times to the old metal sample (000) of any position in predetermined field of view；
Libs system (300), for old metal sample (000) emission pulse laser beam formed plasma, then equity from
The emission spectrum of daughter is acquired and analyzes, and the spectrum of old metal sample (000) is uploaded to main control computer (500)；
Mechanism for sorting (400), the sorting path for being exported according to main control computer 500 are sorted；
Main control computer (500), for in entire sorting device each system and mechanism timing control is provided；Control conveyer belt
System (100) running speed；Control image capturing system (200) acquisition old metal sample (000) image simultaneously carries out image procossing,
Obtain position coordinates, the size and shape of each old metal sample (000)；Libs system (300) are controlled to old metal sample
(000) spectral emissions are carried out, are collected and analyzed, to judge classification and the sorting path of the old metal sample (000)；Control
Mechanism for sorting (400) processed carries out sorting work according to the sorting path of regulation.
2. a kind of old metal intelligence storting apparatus based on Libs system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Libs system (300) include: pulse laser optical path (301), collect optical path (302), reflecting mirror (303), dichroscope (304),
Spectroanalysis instrument (306)；The reflecting mirror (303) and dichroscope (304) are placed in parallel and space relative distance is L3, and
So that the impact direction of pulse laser optical path (301), the collecting direction of spectrum, pulse laser is consistent；
The pulse laser optical path (301), by pulse laser (3011) and expand focus microscope group (3012) constitute；Pulse laser
Device (3011) issues the pulsed light beam with certain angle of divergence and thin hot spot, and pulsed light beam is successively by expanding focusing microscope group
(3012) beam expanding lens and focus lamp, reflecting mirror (303), dichroscope (304), are ultimately applied to old metal sample (000) table
Face inspires spectrum；
Old metal sample (000) surface excitation goes out spectrum, successively by dichroscope (304), by collection microscope group (3021)
It is constituted with optical fiber (3022) and collects optical path (302), finally collected by spectroanalysis instrument (306)；
The spectroanalysis instrument (306) contain at least one to eliminate second level and the above diffraction influence filter plate, one with
The matched collimating mirror of numerical aperture, spectro-grating and the detector of optical fiber (3022)；Spectroanalysis instrument (306) is with then to selected
The spectral information of wave band is acquired and analyzes, and the spectrum of old metal sample (000) is uploaded to main control computer (500).
3. a kind of old metal intelligence storting apparatus based on Libs system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Libs system (300) further includes a protecting window (305), and window plane and collection optical path (302) optical axis hang down axis direction in α
Angle, value are 5 °；It is protected for being realized to internal pulse laser optical path (301), collection optical path (302), spectroanalysis instrument (306)
Shield.
4. a kind of old metal intelligence storting apparatus based on Libs system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Mechanism for sorting (400) includes: a row or multi-row air-blowing pipeline (401), nozzle mount (402), nozzle adjustment axis (403), divides
Pick plate (404), gas source (405), sorting case one (406), sorting case two (407)；
The air-blowing pipeline (401) includes nozzle (4011), tracheae (4012) and high frequency machinery valve (4013)；The air-blowing pipe of entire row
Road (401) is installed on nozzle mount (402), and nozzle mount (402) can adjust axis (403) along nozzle and carry out angle
Adjustment, and lock the relative angle of the two；Nozzle, which adjusts axis (403), to carry out position adjustment to Z-direction along X, thus sorts
The position of point is able to carry out adjustment in a certain range；
Main control computer (500) provides the high frequency machinery valve (4013) of sorting signal to each air-blowing pipeline (401), and then controls
The on-off of compressed air processed；The compressed air of high speed blowout acts on the old metal sample (000) being sorted, and changes old metal
The flight path of sample (000)；Is sorted by plate (404) and intercepts and collects for the old metal sample (000) to fly along path 1 and is being divided
It picks in case one (406), the old metal sample (000) to fly along path 2 is collected in sorting case two (407).
5. a kind of old metal intelligence picking method based on Libs system, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: main control computer (500) control belt system (100) is at the uniform velocity operated with speed V, main control computer (500) root
Toothed belt (103) real-time running speed is obtained according to the servo motor revolving speed and gear ratio calculation of encoder (105) real-time report
V monitors the motion state of belt system (100) in real time；
Step 2: being manually or automatically placed on old metal sample (000) on the feeding slideway of belt system (100), old metal
Sample (000) is slided in single layer queueing form, and toothed belt (103) drives old metal sample (000) with speed V movement, is successively led to
Cross image capturing system (200), Libs system (300)；
Step 3: image capturing system (200) carries out continuous sampling to each old metal sample (000) for entering preset field of view
Processing, is uploaded to main control computer (500) for the image of acquisition；
Step 4: main control computer (500) carries out binary conversion treatment, dimension-reduction treatment, sample identification, ruler to the image information of acquisition
Very little calibration, sample center point coordinate calculate；Then processing is numbered to sample, establishes and believes with sample number into spectrum information, position
The database of breath, dimension information, and real-time update database information；According to the motion state of database information and conveyer belt, i.e.,
When may know that the focusing optical axis of old metal sample (000) by the pulse laser optical path (301) of Libs system (300) and sorter
The correct time of the sorting point of structure (400)；
Step 5: when the center of old metal sample (000) passes through the focusing light of the pulse laser optical path (301) of Libs system (300)
When axis, main control computer (500) is worked with triggering mode control laser pulse optical path (301), issues pulse laser beam, and impact exists
Old metal sample (000) center；Be collected simultaneously optical path (302) collect excitation spectrum, spectroanalysis instrument (306) to spectral information into
Row analysis, and analysis result is uploaded to main control computer (500)；
Step 6: main control computer (500) is according to the spectrum of the old metal sample (000) of the output of Libs system (300) to useless gold
Belong to sample (000) to be identified, determine the ingredient of old metal sample (000), to the compositional classification attribute of database addition sample；
Step 7: when at the sorting point that old metal sample (000) reaches mechanism for sorting (400), main control computer (500) is to touch
Originating party formula controls mechanism for sorting (400) and carries out intelligent sorting to old metal sample (000)；When being not required to reject, led to flat path 1 of throwing
Mechanism for sorting (400) are crossed, into sorting case one；When needing to reject, according to the dimension information of sample, several air-blowing pipelines
(401) compressed air is sprayed, airflow function is on old metal sample (000), and the flat throwing track of old metal sample (000) is sent out at this time
It is raw to change, sorting case two is entered with path 2.
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