CN106525981A - Acoustic nondestructive detection experimental device for ripeness of thick-peel melons and fruits - Google Patents
Acoustic nondestructive detection experimental device for ripeness of thick-peel melons and fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN106525981A CN106525981A CN201611178565.4A CN201611178565A CN106525981A CN 106525981 A CN106525981 A CN 106525981A CN 201611178565 A CN201611178565 A CN 201611178565A CN 106525981 A CN106525981 A CN 106525981A
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- pallet
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/223—Supports, positioning or alignment in fixed situation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/014—Resonance or resonant frequency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
Abstract
The invention discloses an acoustic nondestructive detection experimental device for the ripeness of thick-peel melons and fruits. The acoustic nondestructive detection experimental device comprises a knocking mechanism, a tray rack mechanism, a digital electronic scale, a tray, a microphone, a spring clamp, a data acquisition and control circuit and an upper computer. The melons and fruits can be arranged at the upper end of the tray, a center hole is formed in the tray, the tray is arranged on the tray rack mechanism, the tray rack mechanism is arranged on the digital electronic scale, the knocking mechanism is mounted in the tray rack mechanism, the top of the knocking mechanism penetrates the center hole of the tray, the bottom surfaces of the melons and fruits can be knocked by the knocking mechanism, the microphone is mounted below a side of the center hole of the tray via the spring clamp, the microphone and the knocking mechanism are connected with the upper computer by the data acquisition and control circuit, and the digital electronic scale is directly connected with the upper computer. The acoustic nondestructive detection experimental device has the advantages that the ripeness can be nondestructively judged by the aid of diversified time-frequency feature parameters in sound pulse signals generated when the thick-peel melons and fruits are collided, the acoustic nondestructive detection experimental device is low in cost, simple in structure and easy and convenient to operate, and the ripeness can be quickly and accurately judged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of melon and fruit maturity experimental provision, more particularly, to a kind of pachydermia melon and fruit maturity acoustics without
Damage test experience device.
Background technology
, rich in abundant vitamin, protein and vitamin, people are to the demand of melon and fruit class with people's life for melon and fruit class
The lifting of level and increase year by year, at the same time focus more on the inside qualities such as the local flavor and quality of fruit.Fruit internal quality
Traditional method mainly carries out destructive detection by damaging technological means, though the degree of accuracy is higher, time and effort consuming, to fruit
Cause to damage, increased testing cost, while non-professional plant personnel, retailer and consumer do not possess the specialty of detection yet
Knowledge, so that damage application of the detection technique in daily productive life being limited by very large.New lossless inspection
Survey technology is built upon the multi-crossed disciplines technology on the development foundation of the technologies such as computer, electronics, optics, acoustics, is not damaging
On the premise of hindering fruit, have the advantages that detection speed is fast, the degree of accuracy is high, less demanding to testing staff's professional knowledge, in water
Apply increasingly extensive in the inside quality detection of fruit.
Conventional Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement has Near-Infrared Absorption Method, machine vision method, x-ray method, dielectric property method, Electronic Nose method
Can guarantee that Deng, these technologies
Composition and internal injury etc..For detection object and the difference of application scenario, different Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurements respectively have pluses and minuses, such as near
Infrared method is mainly used in the saccharic acid ingredient analysis of fruit, and accuracy of detection is high, it is adaptable to the little fruit detection of thin skin, but due to water
Fruit all directions composition skewness, need to increase transmission depth so as to need to increase power, so being poorly suited for pachydermia melon and fruit
The inside quality detection of class fruit；Machine vision method structure and principle are simple, and cost is relatively low, are suitable for fruit outward appearance, shape, outer
The detection that table is damaged, is usually used in the sorting of fruit；X-ray method can be used for agricultural product External Defects, internal mechanical damage, foreign matter
Detection, but device volume is larger, complex structure, and relatively costly, application is not extensive enough at present；Dielectric property method be using fruit as
Dielectric, by circuit by detecting the dielectric parameters such as the conductance of fruit, reactance, loss factor judge the moisture in fruit or
Person's dry matter content, detection process are vulnerable to the factor interference such as external magnetic field interference, and accuracy of detection is relatively low；Electronic Nose method is detectable
The specific scent sent in fruit maturation or decay process, complex structure are relatively costly.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem present in background technology, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of pachydermia melon and fruit maturity sound
Learn non-destructive testing experimental device, reduce pachydermia melon and fruit maturity Non-Destructive Testing process and easily receive pericarp, volume is excessive bring it is unfavorable
Affect, improve the precision and stability of fruit maturity detection.
Present invention acoustic method is sent after detecting the voice signal or forced vibration that fruit is sent when being subject to and tapping
Vibration signal, judge its maturity degree or hollow situation, be very suitable for detect pachydermia melon and fruit class fruit, and tie
Structure principle is simple, and cost is relatively low, and accuracy of detection is higher.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：
The present invention includes striking mechanism, pallet frame mechanism, digital electronic weigher, pallet, microphone, spring clip, data acquisition
With control circuit and host computer；Pallet upper ends melon and fruit, pallet are provided with centre bore, and pallet is placed on pallet frame mechanism, support
Disc shelf mechanism is positioned on digital electronic weigher, and striking mechanism is installed in pallet frame mechanism, at the top of striking mechanism through in pallet
Heart hole taps melon and fruit bottom surface, and microphone is arranged on side-lower at the percussion in tray center hole by spring clip, and microphone is used to adopt
The sound that collection is tapped, microphone and striking mechanism Jing data acquisitions are connected with control circuit and host computer, digital electronic weigher and upper
Position machine is directly connected to.
Described pallet frame mechanism includes pallet fixture, lifting seat and base；Lifting seat bottom is enclosed within base and leads to
Cross threaded connection and realize Height Adjustment, in the inner chamber that striking mechanism is placed between lifting seat and base, pallet fixture fixes peace
Lifting seat top is mounted in, pallet fixture top is provided with the ladder type groove for placement tray, in pallet fixture and lifting seat
The heart is provided with the through hole that the rattle balls for striking mechanism are protruded upward, and base bottom is provided with rubber mat installing hole, striking mechanism
Installing hole and through wires hole, foot pad are fixedly mounted on base end face by rubber mat installing hole, and striking mechanism bottom is by tapping
Mechanism's installing hole is fixed on base inner bottom surface, and the electric wire that through wires hole is used to will hit against in mechanism is drawn.
Described striking mechanism includes electromagnet, permanent magnet, bottom, connecting rod and rattle balls, and bottom is fixedly mounted on support
Bottom surface inside disc shelf mechanism, electromagnet are placed on bottom, and limiting plate is provided with above electromagnet, and the bottom surface of limiting plate is provided with annular
Groove, the permanent magnet for having the annular coordinated with electromagnet in cannelure, connecting rod is vertically-mounted and middle part is fixed in limiting plate, even
Extension bar top is fixedly connected with rattle balls, and connecting rod bottom extend into the center of electromagnet loop coil iron core, connecting rod, electromagnetism
The concentric arrangement of permanent magnet of iron loop coil and annular, control magnet switching realize that electromagnet and the permanent magnet same sex are repelled each other,
So that limiting plate moves up and down and then causes the rattle balls in connecting rod to tap melon and fruit bottom surface through tray center hole.
Described bottom is provided with installing hole, installing hole and striking mechanism installing hole is bolted so that striking mechanism is solid
It is scheduled on the base inner bottom surface of pallet frame mechanism.
Described data acquisition and control circuit includes that control circuit, drive circuit, switching value output module and data are adopted
Truck；Microphone Jing data collecting cards and host computer connection, host computer Jing switching value output modules, control circuit and driving successively
It is connected with the electromagnet in striking mechanism after circuit, host computer sends and taps enabling signal and collection enabling signal respectively to switch
Amount output module and data collecting card, switching value output module will hit against enabling signal, and to be converted into TTL signal Jing control circuits defeated
Go out corresponding control signal to drive circuit, drive circuit drives the electromagnet of striking mechanism to be actuated for tapping, and taps and produces
Sound by microphone Jing data collecting card collection after upload to host computer.
Described drive circuit includes main by resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3 and opto-coupler chip U1 and opto-coupler chip U4
The isolation circuit of composition, mainly by DC/DC switch chip U2, electrochemical capacitor C5, diode D1, inductance L1, potentiometer R12 and electricity
The adjustable DC power circuit that resistance R13 and electric capacity C6 is constituted, mainly by single-phase full bridge driving chip U3, electrochemical capacitor C9 and electric capacity
The power driving circuit that C10 is constituted, the isolation being mainly made up of diode D1, diode D2, diode D3 and diode D4 are protected
Protection circuit；Opto-coupler chip U1 and optocoupler are separately input to from corresponding control signal op_in1 of control circuit output and op_in2
Output signal op_out1 of the input of chip U4, opto-coupler chip U1 and opto-coupler chip U4 and op_out2 difference input single-phases are complete
The output letter of output end OUT1 and output end OUT2 of the input IN1 and input IN2 of bridge chip U3, single-phase full bridge chip U3
Number dri_elec1 and dri_elec2 is connected to socket P1, and socket P1 is connected to electromagnet coil two ends with DM, directly
The DC voltage Vd that stream voltage signal Vin is obtained after adjustable DC power circuit is used for the work for driving single-phase full bridge chip U3
Make.
As melon and fruit size is different, the shape of lower surface is different, can have different vibrations to change during percussion.The present invention is logical
Cross microphone and gather vibration variable signal therein, sound when melon and fruit is tapped will be collected by host computer by microphone specifically
Sound time-domain signal and after the melon and fruit quality signal that digital electronic weigher is collected, extracts to time-frequency acoustic feature, and and
Quality signal further detects the maturity of melon and fruit by the model set up, and realizes Non-Destructive Testing.
The invention has the advantages that：
The distance of the adjustable rattle balls of the pallet frame mechanism of the present invention and melon and fruit, while dynamics when tapping can be by driving
Circuit is adjusted, and further expands the applicable object of device, has the advantages that quick, with low cost, accuracy of detection is high.
Data acquisition and the control circuit of the present invention using the higher exclusive data capture card of reliability and data signal at
Reason chip simultaneously employs noise reduction algorithm on host computer, greatly reduces the interference that outside noise is extracted to sound characteristic, improves
Certainty of measurement, increased the reliability of device.
Present invention is especially directed to various time-frequency characteristics in the voice signal that obtains when being tapped of pachydermia melon and fruit to its into
Ripe degree carries out Non-Destructive Testing, as Acoustic detection is to carry out overall measurement to melon and fruit, weakens fruit composition all directions gradient not
With the impact for bringing.
For synthesis, the present invention is applied to the Non-Destructive Testing of various pachydermia class melon and fruit maturity, is particularly suitable for watermelon, breathes out
The maturity detection of the fruit such as close melon, pineapple, had both been available for consumer, dealer used in dealing, also had been available for numerous teachers,
The raw experimental provision as fruit quality detection is used.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Acoustic detection experimental provision structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is striking mechanism structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the tray rack mechanism structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the data acquisition of the present invention and control circuit theory diagram.
Fig. 5 is the driver circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the experimental provision workflow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is original knocking, the signal after end-point detection after signal and linear predictive residual method denoising.
Fig. 8 is predicting the outcome for Watermelon Maturity of the embodiment under stepwise multiple linear regression model.
In figure：1st, rattle balls, 2, permanent magnet, 3, limiting plate, 4, connecting rod, 5, electromagnet, 6, striking mechanism, 7, tray rack
Mechanism, 8, digital electronic weigher, 9, melon and fruit, 10, pallet, 11, microphone, 12, spring clip, 13, data acquisition and control circuit,
14th, host computer, 15, bottom, 16, installing hole, 17, pallet fixture, 18, lifting seat, 19, base, 20, rubber mat installs
Hole, 21, striking mechanism installing hole, 22, through wires hole.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the test experience device of the present invention includes rattle balls 1, permanent magnet 2, limiting plate 3, connecting rod 4, electricity
Magnet 5, striking mechanism 6, pallet frame mechanism 7, digital electronic weigher 8, melon and fruit 9, pallet 10, microphone 11, spring clip 12, data are adopted
Collection and control circuit 13, host computer 14；10 upper ends melon and fruit 9 of pallet, lower end are connected with pallet frame mechanism 7, pallet frame mechanism 7
It is positioned over 8 on digital electronic weigher, striking mechanism 6 is installed on inside pallet frame mechanism 7, lower end is connected with pallet frame mechanism 7, taps
6 bottom of mechanism be equipped with electromagnet 5, tap connecting rod 4 pass through electromagnet 5, immediately below pallet 10 near, it is coaxial with pallet 10
Install, connection limiting plate 3 in upper end is provided with permanent magnet 2 in the groove of limiting plate 3, rattle balls 1 are installed on the upper end of connecting rod 4, and
Concentric with permanent magnet 2 to place, microphone 11 is fixed on the outside of striking mechanism 6 near the position of pallet 10, number by spring clip 12
On the one hand connect electromagnet 5 and microphone 11 according to collection and control circuit 13, be on the other hand also connected with host computer 14, host computer
14 are connected with digital electronic weigher 8.
Pallet 10 is fixed on pallet frame mechanism 7 before test, melon and fruit 9 is placed on pallet 10, adjusting tray frame mechanism 7
Highly make striking head 1 and melon and fruit 9 keep suitable distance, by the good host computer of 14 software design patterns of host computer 14 with data acquisition with
Messaging parameter between control circuit 13, then sets percussion parameter and save location again.
The operation principle and the course of work of apparatus of the present invention be：
The complete job flow process of detection means of the present invention is as shown in fig. 6, including watermelon is placed, host computer messaging parameter sets
Put, start detection, spectrum analysis, quality collection, feature extraction, prediction maturity.After watermelon is placed into pallet, need to exist first
The messaging parameters such as communication channel, sample rate are configured on upper computer software, host computer then send percussion enabling signal and
Collection enabling signal, after obtaining sound time-domain signal and quality signal, the time-frequency acoustic feature to reflecting maturity is extracted,
And then the maturity of the model prediction melon and fruit by setting up.
Pallet 10 is fixed on pallet frame mechanism 7 before test, melon and fruit 9 is placed on pallet 10, adjusting tray frame mechanism 7
Highly make striking head 1 and melon and fruit 9 keep suitable distance, by the good host computer of 14 software design patterns of host computer 14 with data acquisition with
Messaging parameter between control circuit 13, then sets percussion parameter and save location again.
Host computer 14 successively sends percussion enabling signal and data acquisition enabling signal to data acquisition and control by software
Circuit processed 13, drives the electromagnet 5 in striking mechanism 6 to produce electromagnetic force upwards, and the magnetic force of electromagnetic force and permanent magnet 2 repels each other,
So as to promote connecting rod 4 and rattle balls 1 to clash into melon and fruit 9, the sound of generation pass to after being collected by microphone 11 data acquisition with
After control circuit 13, then host computer 14 is sent to by data acquisition and control circuit 13 by usb communication mouth, while digital and electronic
, by serial ports by the mass transport of melon and fruit 9 to host computer 14,14 software of host computer is to the sound that collects and mass parameter for scale 8
After carrying out feature-extraction analysis, so as to obtain the maturity of melon and fruit 9.
In striking mechanism 6, after electromagnet receives the drive signal that data acquisition is sended over control circuit, electromagnetism iron wire
Circle is powered, and produces last for short electromagnetic force upwards, and the magnetic force is repelled each other with the permanent magnet magnetic direction being embedded in limiting plate, makes limit
Position plate, connecting rod and rattle balls obtain a thrust upwards, move a segment distance, when melon and fruit is not struck, electromagnetism upwards
Iron power-off, electromagnetic force disappear, and limiting plate, connecting rod and rattle balls clash into melon and fruit by motional inertia, so ensure to clash into melon and fruit
Power it is moderate, it is to avoid melon and fruit epidermis is damaged because of shock, is moved downward with rear position margining plate, rattle balls and connecting rod, spacing
Initial position is parked under the position-limiting action of plate, the sound obtained after percussion sends host computer to by microphone.
In pallet frame mechanism 7, on the inside of lifting seat and base outside by the threaded connection of a segment length, rotation and lifting
Seat, can drive the synchronization lifting of pallet fixture mounted thereto and pallet, it is ensured that between pallet and rattle balls, distance is suitable,
Both avoided hypotelorism from causing melon and fruit to damage, and avoided the sound for producing too small again, the feature extraction generation to follow-up sound was bad
Affect, base is provided with rubber mat below by rubber mat installing hole, it is to avoid the vibration noise pair of the plane that base is placed
Measurement produces interference, and through wires hole is in addition to playing the role of through power line and holding wire, moreover it is possible to eliminates to a certain extent and clashes into
Interference of the sound acoustic echo that space produces in the pallet frame mechanism to measuring.
In data acquisition and control circuit 13, after the percussion that host computer successively sends starts and gathers enabling signal, a side
Face percussion enabling signal is converted into TTL signal Jing after switching value output module and sends control circuit, control circuit output op_ to
To drive circuit, drive circuit DM immediately makes rattle balls tap melon and fruit, on the other hand, number to in1 and op_in2 signals
Receive after collection enabling signal according to capture card, start to be acquired voice signal, the data obtained after collection are passed by USB port
Host computer is given, beat process is completed.
In drive module, after op_in1 the and op_in2 signals that control circuit sends are received, opto-coupler chip U1 and
Opto-coupler chip U4 starts working, and produces low-level output signal op_out1 and op_out2, and is connected to single-phase full bridge driving core
Piece U3, output signal dri_elec1 and dri_elec2 of generation connect socket P1 respectively, and socket P1 is electric with the two of electromagnet
Source line connection, so as to play driving effect to electromagnet, while to prevent the counter electromotive force of electromagnet from causing to damage to drive circuit
Wound, dri_elec1 and dri_elec2 also need to access what is be made up of diode D1, diode D2, diode D3 and diode D4
Isolation circuit carries out clamper, and the driving voltage Vd required for single-phase full bridge driving chip U3 is the adjustable of core by switch chip U2
DC power supply circuit is providing.
Below by taking watermelon as an example explaining the Non-Destructive Testing process of its maturity.Tap voice signal Jing data collecting cards to adopt
Host computer is sent to after collection, upper computer analyzing software carries out two preprocessing process of end-point detection and denoising first to voice signal.
Using double threshold end-point detection algorithm in short-term when blocking, the idiographic flow of algorithm is：
1) framing is carried out to voice signal, frame length is 128, frame is moved as 64；
2) basisWherein EfFor frame energy, N is frame length, aiFor i-th point of value of the frame；
3) the frame ENERGY E relatively per framefWith start frame energy threshold TH1 set in advance and end frame energy threshold TH2
Size, and TH1>TH2, if frame ENERGY Ef>TH1, then the frame is start frame, if frame ENERGY Ef<TH2 is end frame, so that it is determined that
The initial time of signal and finish time, reduce interference signal.
Denoising, primary signal, end points inspection are carried out using linear predictive residual method to the voice signal after end-point detection
The waveform obtained after survey and after denoising is shown in Fig. 7, and during the signal after end-point detection and denoising eliminates signal, the overwhelming majority makes an uproar
Sound, makes waveform smoothened, while complete remains acoustic feature.
190 kylin watermelons, wherein modeling group 97, validation group 93 are adopted in experiment.Returned by progressively multiple linear
Reduction method, using first moment index M I1, second moment index M I2, f2m2/3And f2Consolidation indexs of the m to reflection Watermelon Maturity
It is modeled, the coefficient correlation of modeling collection and forecast set is respectively 0.873 and 0.839, and prediction mean square error is respectively
0.2035N/mm and 0.2354N/mm, model accuracy are high and reliable and stable, as a result such as Fig. 8.
Controller circuitry chips of the present invention can be single-chip microcomputer or digital signal processor, DC/DC in drive circuit
Switch chip can choose boosting or voltage-dropping type DC/DC switch chips, single-phase full bridge electricity on the premise of function needs are met
Road can both be single-phase full bridge chip, it is also possible to be made up of discrete power mosfet chip.
From there through this enforcement can know the present invention using pachydermia melon and fruit be knocked when acoustic impluse signal in it is many
The lossless decision procedure and device that time-frequency characteristics parameter is planted to realize maturity has its significant technique effect of protrusion.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pachydermia melon and fruit maturity acoustics non-destructive testing experimental device, it is characterised in that：Including striking mechanism (6), pallet
Frame mechanism (7), digital electronic weigher (8), pallet (10), microphone (11), spring clip (12), data acquisition and control circuit (13)
With host computer (14)；Pallet (10) upper ends melon and fruit (9), pallet (10) are provided with centre bore, and pallet (10) is placed on tray rack
In mechanism (7), pallet frame mechanism (7) is positioned on digital electronic weigher (8), and striking mechanism (6) is installed on pallet frame mechanism (7)
It is interior, melon and fruit (9) bottom surface is tapped through pallet (10) centre bore at the top of striking mechanism (6), microphone (11) is by spring clip (12)
Installed in the side-lower of pallet (10) centre bore, microphone (11) and striking mechanism (6) Jing data acquisitions and control circuit (13)
Connect with host computer (14), digital electronic weigher (8) and host computer (14) are directly connected to.
2. a kind of pachydermia melon and fruit maturity acoustics non-destructive testing experimental device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The pallet frame mechanism (7) stated includes pallet fixture (17), lifting seat (18) and base (19)；Lifting seat (18) bottom is enclosed within bottom
On seat (19) and it is threaded connection and realizes Height Adjustment, striking mechanism (6) is placed between lifting seat (18) and base (19)
In inner chamber, pallet fixture (17) is fixedly mounted on lifting seat (18) top, and pallet fixture (17) top is provided with for placing
The ladder type groove of pallet, pallet fixture (17) and lifting seat (18) center be provided with the rattle balls (1) for striking mechanism (6) to
On the through hole that stretches out, base (19) bottom is provided with rubber mat installing hole (20), striking mechanism installing hole (21) and through wires hole
(22), foot pad is fixedly mounted on base (19) bottom surface by rubber mat installing hole (20), and striking mechanism (6) bottom is by tapping
Mechanism's installing hole (21) is fixed on base (19) inner bottom surface, and through wires hole (22) is drawn for will hit against the electric wire in mechanism (6).
3. a kind of pachydermia melon and fruit maturity acoustics non-destructive testing experimental device according to claim 1 and 2, its feature exist
In：Described striking mechanism (6) includes electromagnet (5), permanent magnet (2), bottom (15), connecting rod (4) and rattle balls (1), bottom
Lid (15) is fixedly mounted on the internal bottom surface of pallet frame mechanism (7), and electromagnet (5) is placed on bottom (15), above electromagnet (5)
Limiting plate (3) is provided with, the bottom surface of limiting plate (3) is provided with cannelure, has the permanent magnetism of the annular coordinated with electromagnet (5) in cannelure
Iron (2), connecting rod (4) is vertically-mounted and middle part is fixed in limiting plate (3), and connecting rod (4) top is fixedly connected with rattle balls
(1), connecting rod (4) bottom extend into the center of electromagnet (5) loop coil iron core, connecting rod (4), electromagnet (5) toroid
The concentric arrangement of permanent magnet (2) of circle and annular, control electromagnet (5) break-make realize electromagnet (5) and permanent magnet (2) same sex phase
Scold so that limiting plate (3) moves up and down and then the rattle balls (1) in connecting rod (4) are tapped through pallet (10) centre bore
To melon and fruit (9) bottom surface.
4. a kind of pachydermia melon and fruit maturity acoustics non-destructive testing experimental device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Institute
The bottom (15) stated is provided with installing hole (16), and installing hole (16) and striking mechanism installing hole (21) are bolted so that tapping
Mechanism (6) is fixed on base (19) inner bottom surface of pallet frame mechanism (7).
5. a kind of pachydermia melon and fruit maturity acoustics non-destructive testing experimental device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The data acquisition and control circuit (13) stated is including control circuit, drive circuit, switching value output module and data collecting card；Wheat
Gram wind (11) Jing data collecting cards and host computer (14) connection, host computer (14) Jing switching value output modules, control circuit successively
It is connected with the electromagnet (5) in striking mechanism (6) with after drive circuit, host computer sends and taps enabling signal and collection startup letter
Will hit against enabling signal and be converted into TTL signal to number respectively switching value output module and data collecting card, switching value output module
To drive circuit, drive circuit drives the electromagnet of striking mechanism to be actuated for striking to the corresponding control signal of Jing control circuit outputs
Hit, tap the sound for producing and upload to host computer by microphone (11) Jing after data collecting card collection.
6. a kind of pachydermia melon and fruit maturity acoustics non-destructive testing experimental device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The drive circuit stated includes the isolation being mainly made up of resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3 and opto-coupler chip U1 and opto-coupler chip U4
Circuit, mainly by DC/DC switch chip U2, electrochemical capacitor C5, diode D1, inductance L1, potentiometer R12 and resistance R13 and electricity
Hold the adjustable DC power circuit that C6 is constituted, be mainly made up of single-phase full bridge driving chip U3, electrochemical capacitor C9 and electric capacity C10
Power driving circuit, the isolation protective circuit being mainly made up of diode D1, diode D2, diode D3 and diode D4；Come
It is separately input to opto-coupler chip U1's and opto-coupler chip U4 from corresponding control signal op_in1 of control circuit output and op_in2
Output signal op_out1 of input, opto-coupler chip U1 and opto-coupler chip U4 and op_out2 difference input single-phase full-bridge chip U3
Input IN1 and input IN2, single-phase full bridge chip U3 output end OUT1 and output end OUT2 output signal dri_
Elec1 and dri_elec2 are connected to socket P1, and socket P1 is connected to electromagnet coil two ends with DM.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611178565.4A CN106525981A (en) | 2016-12-19 | 2016-12-19 | Acoustic nondestructive detection experimental device for ripeness of thick-peel melons and fruits |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611178565.4A CN106525981A (en) | 2016-12-19 | 2016-12-19 | Acoustic nondestructive detection experimental device for ripeness of thick-peel melons and fruits |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN109932333A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-25 | 浙江大学 | The fruit firmness measuring system and method for acoustic vibration and near infrared spectrum fusion |
| CN110161121A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-23 | 江苏仁康蛋业有限公司 | A kind of online nondestructive detection system of birds, beasts and eggs |
| CN114740091A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南大学 | Watermelon maturity detection method and system based on acoustic analysis and machine learning |
| CN114740091B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-06 | 湖南大学 | Watermelon maturity detection method and system based on acoustic analysis and machine learning |
| CN115629110A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-01-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Inductance-capacitance double-end nondestructive testing device under single-ended signal excitation |
| CN115629110B (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Inductance-capacitance double-end nondestructive testing device under single-ended signal excitation |
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