CN106073707A

CN106073707A - The use of the gyroscope in individual's body-building tracking device and by bike activity

Info

Publication number: CN106073707A
Application number: CN201610384077.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洪廷旭; 谢尔顿·杰骄·袁; C·A·安德鲁
Original assignee: Fitbit LLC
Current assignee: Fitbit LLC
Priority date: 2013-06-03
Filing date: 2014-06-03
Publication date: 2016-11-09
Also published as: CN104287703B; CN104287703A

Abstract

Subject application relates to gyroscope and other type of sensor and follows the tracks of the use in device in individual's body-building.Biometric monitoring arrangement discussed herein, comprises the various technology can implemented in such device.Additionally, it is provided that for the technology utilizing the gyroscope in biometric monitoring arrangement.In some embodiments, this type of technology can relate to obtain the swimming tolerance about paddling cycle count, one way counting and paddling type.In some embodiments, this type of technology may also refer to obtain performance metric movable by bike.

Description

The use of the gyroscope in individual's body-building tracking device and by bike activity

Division information

The application is filing date on June 3rd, 2014, entitled the use of the gyroscope in device " individual's body-building follow the tracks of " The divisional application of No. 201410243248.0 application for a patent for invention.

Technical field

The present invention relates to gyroscope and other type of sensor and follow the tracks of the use in device in individual's body-building.

Background technology

The concern of consumer recently to personal health has caused commercially providing multiple personal health monitoring arrangement.Until Recently, these a little devices often use complexity and are generally designed for an activity, such as cycle touring computer.

The recent advances of sensor, electronic device and power supply miniaturization has allowed personal health monitoring arrangement (in this article Also known as " biometric tracking " or " biometric supervision " device) size carry with previous unpractical minimum size Supply.For example, Fitbit Ultra is about 2 inches long, 0.75 inch wide and 0.5 inch of deep biometric monitoring arrangement； It has pixellated display, battery, sensor, wireless communication ability, power supply and the interface button being encapsulated in this little volume, And for attaching the device to the integrated intermediate plate of the other parts of pocket or clothes.

Biometric monitoring arrangement discussed herein and the most spendable technology (and in some cases, fill at other Need not be provided biometric following function in putting) various embodiments.

Summary of the invention

In accompanying drawing and the details of one or more embodiment illustrating subject matter described in this specification in being described below. Further feature, aspect and advantage will become apparent from described description, graphic and claims.Note, the phase of figure below Size may be not necessarily drawn to scale, be the graphic of bi-directional scaling unless specifically indicated.

In some embodiments, it is provided that a kind of biometric monitoring system.Described system can comprise: shell, and it is through joining Put to be worn on the forearm of people or can be plugged into be worn in the accessory on the forearm of described people；Gyrocompass motion sensors, It is positioned in described shell；Memorizer；And control logic.Described control logic, described memorizer and described Motions of Gyroscope Sensor can connect communicatively to each other, and described control logic can be configured with: a) from described gyrocompass motion sensors Obtain angular movement data, b) determine and every time indicate a stroke at least partially through described angular movement data, and c) in response to (b) and change the stored information about stroke number in described memorizer.

In some embodiments, described system can further include immersion sensor, and described control logic can be through entering One step configuration is with in response to determining that the data from described immersion sensor indicate the forearm institute of described people when just swimming with people The submergence experienced consistent the most continuously or regularly on the basis of described immersion sensor be submerged in liquid and perform (a) and arrive (c)。

In some these type of embodiments, described immersion sensor can be pressure altitude flowmeter sensor, skin pricktest response biography Sensor, conductivity sensor or temperature sensor.

In some embodiments, described system can further include immersion sensor and notice system.In this type of system In, described control logic can be further configured with: a) use described notice system provide about biometric performance objective The notice realized, and (b) is compared to when the data instruction hands of described people when just swimming with people from described immersion sensor The submergence experienced consistent the most continuously or regularly on the basis of described immersion sensor when not being submerged in liquid, described logical For knowing the intensity of the commonly provided notice of system, described in indicating when just swimming with people from the data of described immersion sensor Submergence that the hands of people is experienced consistent the most continuously or regularly on the basis of described immersion sensor when being submerged in liquid, increase Add described notice system and the described intensity of described notice is provided.

In some these type of embodiments, described notice system can comprise audio notification device, sense of touch feedback notification device Or a combination thereof.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with by use peakvalue's checking detect with Peak value that each paddling is associated and perform (b).

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: d) determine by described angular movement number According to represent one or more paddling type, and e) based on one or more paddling type described described determine change about described The stored information of one or more paddling type.

In some these type of embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: d) for each stroke, at least It is based in part on described angular movement data and determines the paddling type corresponding to described stroke；And e) based on the every stroke in (d) Dynamic type determines the stored information changed about described corresponding paddling type.

In some these type of embodiments, described control logic can be further configured to perform (d) by following operation: Determining one or more data point of each stroke, each data point represents the project of group selecting free the following to form: institute Maximum in a part for the described angular movement data stating stroke and the described part of the described angular movement data of described stroke Interior minima, and determine that one or more data point described in described stroke is the most in time to relevant for each stroke The time maximum/minimum signature being coupled to described corresponding paddling type is relevant.

In some embodiments, described system can further include pressure altitude flowmeter sensor, described barometertic altimeter Sensor is connected by correspondence with described control logic and is configured to output pressure data.In this type of embodiment, institute State control logic can be further configured with: described pressure data d) combining each stroke analyzes at least described of described stroke Angular movement data are to determine the corresponding paddling type of described stroke；And e) determine change based on each paddling type in (d) Stored information about described corresponding paddling type.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: d) be based at least partially on described angle Exercise data determines that swimming one way terminates, and e) is at least partially in response to (d) and changes the institute about swimming one way amount Storage information.

In some these type of embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: by least based on described angle Exercise data determines that one or more continuous paddling has and was different in essence in adjacent before one or more continuous paddling described One or more persistent period of the persistent period of multiple paddlings and perform (d).

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: by least based on described angular movement Data determine that one or more continuous paddling has and are different in essence in adjacent multiple before one or more continuous paddling described One or more persistent period of the persistent period of paddling and one or more continuous paddling described have be different in essence in adjacent in One or more persistent period of the persistent period of the multiple paddlings after one or more continuous paddling described and perform (d).

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: by least based on described angular movement Data determine that one or more continuous paddling has and are different in essence in adjacent multiple before one or more continuous paddling described One or more persistent period of the persistent period of paddling and the described angular movement data of one or more continuous paddling described not with Any one in one or more predetermined paddling type signature is relevant and performs (d).

In some embodiments, described system can further include notice system, described notice system and described control Logic connects by correspondence.In this type of embodiment, described control logic can be further configured with: d) at least in part Determine the first number of the stroke of the one way each time of the first one way based on described angular movement data, e) be based at least partially on institute State the second number of stroke that angular movement data determine the one way each time of the second one way after described first one way, f) determine Described second number of the stroke of one way is than the described first high scheduled volume of number of stroke each time, and g) causes described notice System provides notice in response to (f), swimmer's fatigue that the instruction of wherein said notice is possible.

In some embodiments, described system can further include notice system, described notice system and described control Logic connects by correspondence.In this type of embodiment, described control logic can be further configured with: d) at least in part Determine the first one way persistent period of the first one way based on described angular movement data, e) be based at least partially on described angular movement number According to the second one way persistent period of the second one way determined after described first one way, f) determine the described second one way persistent period The described first one way persistent period high scheduled volume of ratio, and g) cause described notice system to provide notice in response to (f), wherein Swimmer's fatigue that described notice instruction is possible.

In some embodiments, described system can further include notice system, described notice system and described control Logic connects by correspondence.In such a system, described control logic can be further configured with: d) be based at least partially on institute State angular movement data and determine the first paddling speed of the very first time, e) be based at least partially on described angular movement data and determine described The second paddling speed of the second time after the very first time, f) determines the first paddling speed described in described second paddling speed ratio Low predetermined tolerance, and g) cause described notice system to provide notice, the trip that the instruction of wherein said notice is possible in response to (f) Swimmer is tired.

In some embodiments, it is possible to provide a kind of biometric monitoring system, it comprises: shell, and it is configured to wear In wearing on the forearm of people or can be plugged into the accessory that is worn on the forearm of described people；At least one motion sensor, its position In described shell；Immersion sensor；Memorizer；And control logic.Described control logic, described memorizer, described submergence Sensor and at least one motion sensor described can connect communicatively to each other, and described control logic can be configured with: A) obtain the exercise data from least one motion sensor described, b) determine based on the data from described immersion sensor The hands of described people is experienced when just swimming with people submergence consistent the most continuously or regularly on the basis of described submergence sensing Device is submerged in liquid, c) determines every time at least partially through described exercise data instruction stroke in response to (b), and d) The stored information about stroke number in described memorizer is changed in response to (b).

In some embodiments, at least one motion sensor described can comprise gyrocompass motion sensors.

In some embodiments, described immersion sensor can be pressure altitude flowmeter sensor, skin pricktest response sensor Or temperature sensor.

In some embodiments, described system can further include notice system, and described control logic can be through entering one Step configuration with: use described notice system to provide the notice of realization about biometric performance objective, and compared to when from Consistent the most continuous of the data instruction hands of described people is experienced when just swimming with people the submergence of described immersion sensor Or when on rule-based approach, described immersion sensor is not submerged in liquid, the intensity of the described the commonly provided notice of notice system is come Say, when the reality that the data instruction submergence that the hands of described people is experienced when just swimming with people from described immersion sensor is consistent In matter continuously or regularly on the basis of described immersion sensor when being submerged in liquid, increasing described notice system provides described notice Described intensity.

In some these type of embodiments, described notice system can comprise at least one in the following: audible notification Device, sense of touch feedback notification device or a combination thereof.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: e) determine by described exercise data Represent one or more paddling type, and f) based on one or more paddling type described described determine change about described one Or the stored information of multiple paddling type.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: e) for each stroke and at least portion Ground is divided to determine the paddling type corresponding to described stroke based on described exercise data；And f) based on each paddling class in (e) Type determines the stored information changed about described corresponding paddling type.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured to perform (e) by following operation: determines One or more data point of each stroke, each data point represents a project of the group selecting free the following composition: described In maximum in a part for the described angular movement data of stroke and a part for the described angular movement data of described stroke Minima, and for each stroke determine one or more data point described in described stroke the most in time be associated in The time maximum/minimum signature of described corresponding paddling type is relevant.

In some embodiments, described immersion sensor can be that the barometertic altimeter being configured to output pressure data passes Sensor, and described control logic can be further configured with: e) combine each stroke described pressure data analyze described stroke The most described exercise data to determine the corresponding paddling type of described stroke；And f) based on each paddling type in (e) Determine the stored information changed about described corresponding paddling type.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: e) be based at least partially on described angle Exercise data determines that swimming one way terminates, and f) is at least partially in response to (e) and changes the institute about swimming one way amount Storage information.

In some these type of embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: by least based on described fortune Dynamic data determine one or more continuous paddling have be different in essence in adjacent before one or more continuous paddling described many One or more persistent period of the persistent period of individual paddling and perform (e).

Substitute or additionally in this type of embodiment at some, described control logic can be further configured with: by least Determine that one or more continuous paddling has to be different in essence based on described exercise data to draw continuously in described one or more in adjacent One or more persistent period and one or more continuous paddling described of the persistent period of the multiple paddlings before Dong have substantially Be different from the persistent period of adjacent multiple paddlings after one or more continuous paddling described one or more persistent period and Perform (e).

Substitute or additionally in this type of embodiment at some, described control logic can be further configured with: by least Determine that one or more continuous paddling has to be different in essence based on described exercise data to draw continuously in described one or more in adjacent One or more persistent period of the persistent period of the multiple paddlings before Dong and the described motion of one or more continuous paddling described Data are not relevant to any one in one or more predetermined paddling type signature and perform (e).

Substitute or additionally in this type of embodiment, described system can further include notice system, and it is with described at some Control logic to connect by correspondence.In this type of embodiment, described control logic can be further configured with e) at least portion Determine the first number of the stroke of the one way each time of the first one way based on described exercise data with dividing, f) be based at least partially on Described exercise data determines the second number of the stroke of the one way each time of the second one way after described first one way, g) determines Described second number of the stroke of one way is than the described first high scheduled volume of number of stroke each time, and h) causes described notice System provides notice in response to (f), swimmer's fatigue that the instruction of wherein said notice is possible.

Substitute or additionally in this type of embodiment, described system can further include notice system, and it is with described at some Control logic to connect by correspondence.In this type of embodiment, described control logic can be further configured with e) at least portion Divide ground to determine the first one way persistent period of the first one way based on described exercise data, f) be based at least partially on described motion number According to the second one way persistent period of the second one way determined after described first one way, g) determine the described second one way persistent period The described first one way persistent period high scheduled volume of ratio, and h) cause described notice system to provide notice in response to (f), wherein Swimmer's fatigue that described notice instruction is possible.

In some embodiments, described system can further include notice system, its with described control logic to communicate Mode connects, and described control logic can be further configured with: e) be based at least partially on described exercise data and determine first The first paddling speed of time, f) is based at least partially on described exercise data and determines the second time after the described very first time The second paddling speed, g) determine the first low predetermined tolerance of paddling speed described in described second paddling speed ratio, and h) cause Described notice system provides notice in response to (f), swimmer's fatigue that the instruction of wherein said notice is possible.

In some embodiments, it is possible to provide a kind of biometric monitoring system, it comprises: the first shell, it is configured To be arranged on the rotary components of bicycle driving mechanism；Gyrocompass motion sensors, it is positioned in described first shell；Storage Device；And control logic.Described control logic, described memorizer and described gyrocompass motion sensors can be configured with each other with Communication mode connect, and described control logic can be configured with: a) obtain angular movement data from described gyrocompass motion sensors, B) determine indicates the complete crank of described bicycle driving mechanism to rotate at least partially through described angular movement data every time, with And c) number that crank based on time per unit rotates and change storage in response to (b) in which memory and about step The information adjusted.

In some embodiments, described first shell can be configured to be arranged on such as crank arm, tripod, chain link, On the rotary components of the bicycle driving mechanisms such as front sprocket wheel, pedal hub, sprocket wheel guard shield or pedal.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: d) about baseline step and based on institute State the gyrocompass motion sensors change around the rotary speed of rotation axis, determine the deviation of described step over time Degree, by as described in angular movement data indicate, and e) change in response to (d) storage in which memory and about with The information of the described degree of deviation of the described step of time.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: d) about baseline step and based on institute State the gyrocompass motion sensors change around the rotary speed of rotation axis, determine the deviation of described step over time Degree, by as described in angular movement data indicate, and e) change in response to (d) storage in which memory and about depending on The information of the described degree of deviation according to the described step of pedal paddling.

In some embodiments, described system can further include display, and described control logic can be through further Configure with: cause described display described information based on the described degree of deviation about described step over time present ride from The instruction of driving form.

In some embodiments, described baseline step can be the average step of the predetermined number that crank rotates the most continuously Adjust.But, in some of the other embodiments, described baseline step can be the average step during predetermined time cycle.? In some embodiments, described baseline step can be that user specifies step.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: d) about baseline rotary speed, determine The degree of deviation of the rotary speed of described gyrocompass motion sensors over time, by as described in angular movement data indicate, with And e) change in response to (d) storage in which memory and the information of the described degree of deviation about rotary speed.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: d) about zero rotary acceleration, determine The degree of deviation of the rotary acceleration of described gyrocompass motion sensors over time, by as described in angular movement data indicate, And e) change in response to (d) storage in which memory and the information of the described degree of deviation about rotary acceleration.

In some embodiments, described control logic can be further configured with: d) determine from described gyroscope and transport The rotation axis of the rotary components that described angular movement data described first shell of instruction of dynamic sensor is installed to just is experiencing and is enclosing Vibration around the axis being perpendicular to described rotation axis tilts, and e) changes storage in response to (d) in which memory And information about side-to-side motion degree.

In some embodiments, described system can further include display, and described control logic can be through further Configure with: cause described display to present form by bike based on the described information about described side-to-side motion degree Instruction.

In some embodiments, the air pressure during described system can further include second housing and described second housing is high Degree flowmeter sensor, and described control logic can be further configured with: obtain pressure data from described barometertic altimeter, and will Described pressure data is converted into wind estimation.

A first aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of biometric monitoring system, comprising: shell, it is configured to wear On the forearm of people or can be plugged in the accessory that is worn on the forearm of described people；Gyrocompass motion sensors, it is positioned at institute State in shell；Memorizer；And control logic.Wherein said control logic, described memorizer and described Motions of Gyroscope sensing Device connects communicatively to each other, and described control logic is configured to: a) obtain angle fortune from described gyrocompass motion sensors Dynamic data, b) determine and indicate a stroke at least partially through described angular movement data, and c) change in response to (b) every time The stored information about stroke number in described memorizer.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes immersion sensor, wherein said control Logic processed be further configured with: in response to determine from described immersion sensor data indicate when just swimming with people described in Submergence that the forearm of people is experienced consistent the most continuously or regularly on the basis of described immersion sensor be submerged in liquid Perform (a) to (c).

In some embodiments, described immersion sensor selects the group of free the following composition: barometertic altimeter passes Sensor, skin pricktest response sensor, conductivity sensor and temperature sensor.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes: immersion sensor；And notice system System, wherein said control logic be further configured with: use described notice system provide about biometric performance objective The notice realized, and compared to when the data instruction hands institute body of described people when just swimming with people from described immersion sensor The submergence tested consistent the most continuously or regularly on the basis of described immersion sensor when not being submerged in liquid, described notice system For the intensity of the commonly provided notice of uniting, when the data from described immersion sensor indicate the described people when just swimming with people Submergence that hands is experienced consistent the most continuously or regularly on the basis of described immersion sensor when being submerged in liquid, increase institute State notice system and the described intensity of described notice is provided.

In some embodiments, described notice system comprises at least one of group selecting free the following to form Mesh: audio notification device, sense of touch feedback notification device and combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with by use peakvalue's checking detect with often Peak value that one paddling is associated and perform (b).

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: d) determine by described angular movement data Represent one or more paddling type, and e) based on one or more paddling type described described determine change about described one Or the stored information of multiple paddling type.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: d) for each stroke, at least in part The paddling type corresponding to described stroke is determined based on described angular movement data；And e) based on each paddling type in (d) Determine the stored information changed about described corresponding paddling type.

In some embodiments, described control logic is further configured to perform (d) by following operation: determine every One or more data point of one stroke, each data point represents the project of group selecting free the following to form: described stroke Described angular movement data a part in maximum and described stroke described angular movement data described part in Little value, and for each stroke determine one or more data point described in described stroke the most in time be associated in institute The time maximum/minimum signature stating corresponding paddling type is relevant.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes pressure altitude flowmeter sensor, described Pressure altitude flowmeter sensor is connected with described control logic and is configured to output pressure data, wherein said control by correspondence Logic processed be further configured with: d) combine each stroke described pressure data analyze described stroke the most described angular movement Data are to determine the corresponding paddling type of described stroke；And e) determine that change is about institute based on each paddling type in (d) State the stored information of corresponding paddling type.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: d) be based at least partially on described angle fortune Dynamic data determine that swimming one way terminates, and e) are at least partially in response to (d) and change being deposited about swimming one way amount Storage information.

In some embodiments, wherein said control logic be further configured with: by transporting at least based on described angle Dynamic data determine one or more continuous paddling have be different in essence in adjacent before one or more continuous paddling described many One or more persistent period of the persistent period of individual paddling and perform (d).

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: by least based on described angular movement number It is different in essence in adjacent before one or more continuous paddling described multiple strokes according to determining that one or more continuous paddling has One or more persistent period of dynamic persistent period and one or more continuous paddling described have and are different in essence in adjacent in institute One or more persistent period of the persistent period of the multiple paddlings after stating one or more continuous paddling and perform (d).

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: by least based on described angular movement number It is different in essence in adjacent before one or more continuous paddling described multiple strokes according to determining that one or more continuous paddling has One or more persistent period of dynamic persistent period and the described angular movement data of one or more continuous paddling described are not with one Or any one in multiple predetermined paddling type signature is relevant and perform (d).

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes notice system, described notice system Be connected by correspondence with described control logic, wherein said control logic be further configured with: d) be based at least partially on Described angular movement data determine the first number of the stroke of the one way each time of the first one way, e) are based at least partially on described angle Exercise data determines the second number of the stroke of the one way each time of the second one way after described first one way, f) determines each Described second number of the stroke of secondary one way is than the described first high scheduled volume of number of stroke, and g) causes described notice system Notice is provided, swimmer's fatigue that the instruction of wherein said notice is possible in response to (f).

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes notice system, described notice system Be connected by correspondence with described control logic, wherein said control logic be further configured with: d) be based at least partially on Described angular movement data determine the first one way persistent period of the first one way, e) are based at least partially on described angular movement data true The second one way persistent period of the second one way after fixed described first one way, f) determine described second one way Duration Ratio institute State the first one way persistent period height scheduled volume, and g) cause described notice system to provide notice in response to (f), wherein said Swimmer's fatigue that notice instruction is possible.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes notice system, described notice system Be connected by correspondence with described control logic, wherein said control logic be further configured with: d) be based at least partially on Described angular movement data determine the first paddling speed of the very first time, e) are based at least partially on described angular movement data and determine institute State the second paddling speed of the second time after the very first time, f) determine the first paddling speed described in described second paddling speed ratio The low predetermined tolerance of rate, and g) cause described notice system to provide notice in response to (f), the instruction of wherein said notice is possible Swimmer is tired.

A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of biometric monitoring system, comprising: shell, it is configured to wear On the forearm of people or can be plugged in the accessory that is worn on the forearm of described people；At least one motion sensor, it is positioned at In described shell；Immersion sensor；Memorizer；And control logic.Wherein said control logic, described memorizer, described leaching Do not have sensor and at least one motion sensor described to connect communicatively to each other, and described control logic is configured to: a) Obtain the exercise data from least one motion sensor described, b) determine based on the data from described immersion sensor Submergence that when just swimming with people, the hands of described people is experienced consistent the most continuously or regularly on the basis of described immersion sensor It is submerged in liquid, c) determines in response to (b) and indicate stroke at least partially through described exercise data every time, and d) ring Ying Yu (b) and change the stored information about stroke number in described memorizer.

In some embodiments, at least one motion sensor described comprises the group of choosing free the following composition Motion sensor: (i) true gyrocompass motion sensors and (ii) simulation gyro sensor, it selects free the following composition Group: two or more accelerometers, gaussmeter and combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, described immersion sensor selects the group of free the following composition: barometertic altimeter passes Sensor, skin pricktest response sensor and temperature sensor.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes: notice system, wherein said control Logic be further configured with: use described notice system to provide the notice of realization about biometric performance objective, and phase Than in when indicating the submergence that the hands of described people is experienced when just swimming with people consistent from the data of described immersion sensor When on the basis of the most continuously or regularly, described immersion sensor is not submerged in liquid, the described the commonly provided notice of notice system Intensity for, when the data from described immersion sensor indicate the hands of described people is experienced when just swimming submergence with people Consistent the most continuously or regularly on the basis of described immersion sensor when being submerged in liquid, increasing described notice system provides The described intensity of described notice.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: e) determine by described exercise data table One or more paddling type shown, and f) based on one or more paddling type described described determine change about described one or The stored information of multiple paddling types.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: e) for each stroke and at least partly Ground determines the paddling type corresponding to described stroke based on described exercise data；And f) based on each paddling type in (e) Determine the stored information changed about described corresponding paddling type.

In some embodiments, described control logic is further configured to perform (e) by following operation: determine every One or more data point of one stroke, each data point represents the project of group selecting free the following to form: described swimming In maximum in a part for the described angular movement data of appearance and a part for the described angular movement data of described stroke Little value, and for each stroke determine one or more data point described in described stroke the most in time be associated in institute The time maximum/minimum signature stating corresponding paddling type is relevant.

In some embodiments, described immersion sensor is the barometertic altimeter sensing being configured to output pressure data Device, and described control logic be further configured with: e) combine each stroke described pressure data analyze described stroke extremely Few described exercise data is to determine the corresponding paddling type of described stroke；And f) determine based on each paddling type in (e) Change the stored information about described corresponding paddling type.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: e) be based at least partially on described angle fortune Dynamic data determine that swimming one way terminates, and f) are at least partially in response to (e) and change being deposited about swimming one way amount Storage information.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: by least based on described exercise data Determine that one or more continuous paddling has to be different in essence in adjacent multiple paddlings before one or more continuous paddling described One or more persistent period of persistent period and perform (e).

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: by least based on described exercise data Determine that one or more continuous paddling has to be different in essence in adjacent multiple paddlings before one or more continuous paddling described One or more persistent period of persistent period and one or more continuous paddling described have and be different in essence in adjacent in described One or more persistent period of the persistent period of the multiple paddlings after one or more continuous paddling and perform (e).

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: by least based on described exercise data Determine that one or more continuous paddling has to be different in essence in adjacent multiple paddlings before one or more continuous paddling described One or more persistent period of persistent period and the described exercise data of one or more continuous paddling described not with one or many Any one in individual predetermined paddling type signature is relevant and performs (e).

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes: notice system, itself and described control Logic connects by correspondence, wherein said control logic be further configured with: e) be based at least partially on described motion number According to the first number of the stroke of the one way each time determining the first one way, f) it is based at least partially on described exercise data and determines institute State the second number of the stroke of the one way each time of the second one way after the first one way, g) determine the stroke of one way each time Described second number is than the described first high scheduled volume of number of stroke, and h) causes described notice system to carry in response to (f) For notice, swimmer's fatigue that wherein said notice instruction is possible.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes: notice system, itself and described control Logic connects by correspondence, wherein said control logic be further configured with: e) be based at least partially on described motion number According to determining the first one way persistent period of the first one way, f) it is based at least partially on described exercise data and determines described first one way The second one way persistent period of the second one way afterwards, g) determine that the first one way described in described second one way Duration Ratio continues Time height scheduled volume, and h) cause described notice system to provide notice in response to (f), the instruction of wherein said notice is possible Swimmer is tired.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes: notice system, itself and described control Logic connects by correspondence, wherein said control logic be further configured with: e) be based at least partially on described motion number According to determining the first paddling speed of the very first time, f) it is based at least partially on after described exercise data determines the described very first time The second paddling speed of the second time, g) determine the first low predetermined tolerance of paddling speed described in described second paddling speed ratio, And h) cause described notice system to provide notice in response to (f), swimmer's fatigue that the instruction of wherein said notice is possible.

A third aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of biometric monitoring system, comprising: the first shell, it is configured to It is arranged on the rotary components of bicycle driving mechanism；Gyrocompass motion sensors, it is positioned in described first shell；Storage Device；And control logic.Wherein: described control logic, described memorizer and described gyrocompass motion sensors are configured to that This connects by correspondence, and described control logic is configured to: a) obtain angular movement number from described gyrocompass motion sensors According to, b) determine and indicate the complete crank of described bicycle driving mechanism to turn at least partially through described angular movement data every time Dynamic, and c) number that crank based on time per unit rotates and change in response to (b) storage in which memory and Information about step.

In some embodiments, described first shell is configured to be arranged on the group that selects free the following to form On the rotary components of bicycle driving mechanism: crank arm, tripod, chain link, front sprocket wheel, pedal hub, sprocket wheel guard shield and pedal.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: d) about baseline step and based on described Gyrocompass motion sensors around the change of the rotary speed of rotation axis, determines the degree of deviation of described step over time, By as described in angular movement data indicate, and e) change in response to (d) storage in which memory and about along with The information of the described degree of deviation of the described step of time.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: d) about baseline step and based on described Gyrocompass motion sensors around the change of the rotary speed of rotation axis, determines the degree of deviation of described step over time, By as described in angular movement data indicate, and e) change in response to (d) storage in which memory and about foundation The information of the described degree of deviation of the described step of pedal paddling.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes display, and wherein said control is patrolled Volume be further configured with: cause described display described letter based on the described degree of deviation about described step over time Breath presents the instruction of form by bike.

In some embodiments, described baseline step is the average step of the predetermined number that crank rotates the most continuously.

In some embodiments, described baseline step is the average step during predetermined time cycle.

In some embodiments, described baseline step is that user specifies step.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: d) about baseline rotary speed, determine with The degree of deviation of the rotary speed of the described gyrocompass motion sensors of time, by as described in angular movement data indicate, and E) change in response to (d) storage in which memory and the information of the described degree of deviation about rotary speed.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: d) about zero rotary acceleration, determine with The degree of deviation of the rotary acceleration of the described gyrocompass motion sensors of time, by as described in angular movement data indicate, with And e) change in response to (d) storage in which memory and the information of the described degree of deviation about rotary acceleration.

In some embodiments, described control logic be further configured with: d) determine from described Motions of Gyroscope The described angular movement data of sensor indicate the rotation axis of the rotary components that described first shell is installed to just experiencing around The vibration of the axis being perpendicular to described rotation axis tilts, and e) changes storage in response to (d) in which memory And about the information of side-to-side motion degree.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes display, and wherein said control is patrolled Volume be further configured with: cause described display present based on the described information about described side-to-side motion degree ride from The instruction of driving form.

In some embodiments, described biometric monitoring system farther includes: second housing；And barometertic altimeter Sensor, wherein said control logic be further configured with: obtain pressure data from described barometertic altimeter, and by described Pressure data is converted into wind estimation.

In some embodiments, described gyrocompass motion sensors selects the group of free the following composition: (i) is true Gyro sensor and (ii) simulation gyro sensor, the sensor of the group of its use choosing free the following composition: two Individual or two or more accelerometer, gaussmeter and combinations thereof.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Various embodiments disclosed herein unrestricted are illustrated, at accompanying drawing in the figure of accompanying drawing as an example In, identical reference numbers may refer to like.

Fig. 1 illustrates to realize the example portable monitoring device mutual via the user of user interface.

Fig. 2 A explanation can be fastened to the example portable monitoring device of user via using belt.

Fig. 2 B provides the view of the example portable monitoring device of Fig. 2 A, and it shows the portion towards skin of described device Point.

Fig. 2 C provides the cross-sectional view of the portable monitoring device of Fig. 2 A.

Fig. 3 A provides the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device.

Fig. 3 B describes the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device；This projection is similar to institute in Fig. 3 A The projection presented, simply light source and photoelectric detector are placed on the smooth and/or PCB of hard.

Fig. 3 C provides another cross-sectional view of example PPG Sensor Implementation.

Fig. 4 A one potential PPG light source of explanation and the example of photoelectric detector geometry.

Fig. 4 B and 4C explanation has the example of the PPG sensor of photoelectric detector and two LED light sources.

Fig. 5 illustrates the example having bossed optimized PPG detector, and described projection has curved side in order to avoid making user Do not feel well.

Fig. 6 A explanation has the example of the portable monitoring device of belt；Optical pickocff and optical transmitting set can be placed in institute State on belt.

Fig. 6 B explanation has the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of display and wrist strap.Additionally, optics PPG (such as, heart rate) detection sensor and/or emitter can be located on the side of biometric monitoring arrangement.An embodiment In, these each can be located in the peace formula button of side.

Fig. 7 describes user and presses the side of portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement to pacify formula optics heart rate detection from side Sensor carries out heart rate measurement.The display of biometric monitoring arrangement can show whether have detected that heart rate and/or display are used The heart rate at family.

Fig. 8 illustrated example biometric monitoring arrangement intelligent alarm feature functional.

Fig. 9 illustrates that the mobile degree experienced based on biometric monitoring arrangement changes the mode of its detection user's heart rate Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement example.

Figure 10 illustrates to have on it example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of bicycle application program, described voluntarily Car application program can show bicycle speed and/or the step of pedal and other tolerance.

The example block diagram of Figure 11 A explanation PPG sensor, described PPG sensor has light source, photodetector, ADC, process Device, DAC/GPIO, and the intensity of light source and ON/OFF control.

Figure 11 B explanation is similar to the example block diagram of the PPG sensor of the PPG sensor of Figure 11 A, described PPG sensor volume Outer use sampling and holding circuit and analogue signal regulate.

Figure 11 C explanation is similar to the example block diagram of the PPG sensor of the PPG sensor of Figure 11 A, described PPG sensor volume Outer use samples and holding circuit.

Figure 11 D explanation has multiple switchable light source and detector, the intensity of light source/switch control and circuit for signal conditioning The example block diagram of PPG sensor.

Figure 11 E explanation uses the example block diagram of the PPG sensor of synchronous detecting.For performing the PPG detection of this type, its tool There is demodulator.

The example block diagram of Figure 11 F explanation PPG sensor, described PPG sensor is except the feature of the sensor of explanation in Figure 11 A Outside also there is difference amplifier.

The example block diagram of Figure 11 G explanation PPG sensor, described PPG sensor has the PPG shown in Figure 11 A to 11F and passes The feature of sensor.

Figure 12 A explanation has heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor and is connected to processor Telecommunication circuit portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement example.

Figure 12 B explanation has heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor, position sensor, sea Pull out height sensor, skin electric conductivity/humidity sensor and be connected to processor telecommunication circuit portable biometric metering prison The example of view apparatus.

Figure 12 C explanation has biosensor, environmental sensor and is connected to position sensor portable of processor The example of biometric monitoring arrangement.

Figure 13 A explanation uses motor message and optics PPG signal to measure the example of heart rate.

Figure 13 B explanation uses motor message and optics PPG signal to measure another example of heart rate.

Figure 14 A explanation has the example of the sensor of the simulation connection to sensor processor.

Figure 14 B explanation has the example of the sensor of the simulation connection to sensor processor, described sensor processor There is again the numeral connection to application processor.

Figure 14 C explanation has the reality of the sensor device of the one or more sensors being connected to application processor Example.

Figure 14 D explanation has the example of the sensor device of the one or more sensors being connected to sensor processor, Described sensor processor is connected to application processor.

Figure 15 A explanation uses the example of the swimming detection algorithm of sequential algorithm flow process.

Figure 15 B explanation uses the example of the swimming detection algorithm of parallel algorithm flow process.

Figure 15 C illustrates the example of use order and the swimming detection algorithm of the mixing of parallel algorithm flow process.

Figure 15 D illustrates the example of use order and the swimming detection algorithm of the mixing of parallel algorithm flow process.

Figure 16 A explanation can be used for the sampling of PPG sensing and the example signal of holding circuit and difference/instrument amplifier Figure.

Figure 16 B explanation " biases " in the precompensation of transimpedance amplifier for the use controlled current source of PPG sensor The example schematic of the circuit of electric current.

Figure 16 C explanation is used for being applied to photodiode (across resistance for use sampling and the holding circuit of PPG sensor Before anti-amplifier) the example schematic of circuit of current feedback.

Figure 16 D illustrates that having ambient light for the use of PPG sensor eliminates the electricity of functional difference/instrument amplifier The example schematic on road.

Figure 16 E explanation compensates the circuit of the electric current dynamically produced by DAC for the photodiode that uses of PPG sensor Example schematic.

Figure 16 F explanation compensates, for the photodiode that uses of PPG sensor, the electricity dynamically produced by controlled voltage source The example schematic of the circuit of stream.

Figure 16 G explanation removes functional for the ambient light comprising use " switched capacitor " method of PPG sensor The example schematic of circuit.

Figure 16 H explanation for PPG sensor use photodiode compensate produced by constant current source electric current (this also Constant voltage source and resistor can be used to complete) the example schematic of circuit.

Figure 16 I explanation removes differencing between functional and continuous sample for the ambient light that comprises of PPG sensor The example schematic of circuit.

Figure 16 J explanation removes for ambient light and the example schematic of circuit of differencing between continuous sample.

Figure 17 describes the simplified block diagram of the example biometric monitoring arrangement comprising gyro sensor.

Figure 18 is the block diagram of a kind of technology for determining swimming calculation of correlation from gyro data.

Figure 19 describes for using biometric monitoring arrangement to determine the flow chart of technology of stroke type.

Figure 20 describes maximum/minimum signature and the example of two datagrams, the one symbol in said two datagram Close signature and another one does not meets signature.

Figure 21 describes to adjust the flow chart of the technology of notice intensity for submerged state based on biometric monitoring arrangement.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention be directed to biometric monitoring arrangement (its herein and be herein incorporated by reference any with reference to case In be also referred to as " biometric tracking device ", " personal health monitoring arrangement ", " portable monitoring device ", " portable biometric Metering monitoring arrangement ", " biometric monitoring arrangement ", etc.), it may be generally described as wearable device, is generally of little Size, is designed to relatively continuously be worn by people.When wearing, these a little biometric monitoring arrangements are collected about wearer Performed activity or the data of the physiological status of wearer.These data can comprise the surrounding or pendant represented around wearer The mutual data of wearer and environment, such as, about the exercise data of movement of wearer, ambient light, environment noise, air matter Amount, etc., and the physiological data obtained by measuring the various physiological propertys of wearer, such as heart rate, level of perspiration, etc..

As mentioned above, biometric monitoring arrangement is usually the least so that wearer is inconspicuous in size. Fitbit provides the least and the lightest several biometric monitoring arrangement, and such as, Fitbit Flex is a kind of Wrist strap, it has insertable biometric monitoring arrangement, takes advantage of 1.3 inches long to take advantage of 0.25 inch for its about 0.5 inch wide.Biological Metering monitoring arrangement is generally designed to wear in the case of not having sense of discomfort long time period, and does not disturb normal Daily routines.

In some cases, biometric monitoring arrangement may utilize at other device outside biometric monitoring arrangement, Such as, the outside heart rate monitor in the EKG forms of sensor on pectoral girdle may be used to obtain in heart rate data, or smart phone Gps receiver may be used to obtain position data.In some cases, biometric monitoring arrangement can use wired or wireless communication Connect and these communication with external apparatus.Disclosed herein and discuss concept can be applicable to independent biochemical metering monitoring arrangement with And the sensor that is provided in external device (ED) or functional (such as, external sensor, the sensor that provided by smart phone are provided Or functional, etc.) both biometric monitoring arrangements.

In general, concept discussed herein may be implemented in independent biochemical metering monitoring arrangement and (in due course) profit With in the biometric monitoring arrangement of external device (ED).

Although should be understood that concept contained herein and discussion be in the context of biometric monitoring arrangement in Existing, if but suitably hardware can use, then these concepts are also equally applicable in other context.For example, many existing The motion sensors such as the such as accelerometer that is generally contained within biometric monitoring arrangement are comprised for smart phone, and if suitable In hardware can be used for device, then concept discussed herein may be implemented in this device.In effect, this can regard as intelligence The biometric monitoring arrangement of a certain form can be changed into (but for more than canonical biometric metering monitoring arrangement and may not be with by phone The biometric monitoring arrangement that same way is worn).These a little embodiments are it will be also be appreciated that be within the scope of the invention.

Discussed herein functional several distinct methods are used to provide.For example, in some embodiments, Processor can be controlled by the computer executable instructions stored in memory to provide the most functional.At it In its embodiment, this is functional can provide with the form of circuit.In other embodiment again, this functional can be by being deposited At one or more of storage computer executable instructions control in the memorizer coupled with one or more custom-designed circuit Reason device provides.May be used to implement the various examples of the hardware of concept outlined herein including but not limited to special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), and with storage for controlling the storage of executable instruction of general purpose microprocessor The general purpose microprocessor of device coupling.

Independent biochemical metering monitoring arrangement can provide with several form factors, and can wear in many ways through design Wear.In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be designed to can be plugged in a wearable housing or can be inserted into In multiple different wearable housings, such as, wrist strap housing, band pod body (belt-clip case), suspension member housing, through joining Put to be attached to the housing of exercise devices such as such as bicycle, etc..These a little embodiments are described in greater detail in such as In 14/029th, No. 764 U.S. patent application case filed in JIUYUE in 2013 17 days, described U.S. patent application case is for this purpose Hereby it is herein incorporated by reference.In other embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be designed only in one way Wear, such as, can the set wrist being only worn on people with the biometric monitoring arrangement that non-removable mode is integrated in wrist strap On (or possible ankle).

According to embodiment as herein described and embodiment portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can have be suitable to coupling Health or the form and dimension of clothes to (such as, be fastened to, wear, be supported by, etc.) user.Portable biometric metering monitors The example of device is showed in Fig. 1；Described example portable monitoring device can have user interface, processor, biometric biography Sensor, memorizer, environmental sensor and/or can be with client and/or the wireless transceiver of server communication.Weared on wrist type is just The example taking formula biometric monitoring arrangement is showed in Fig. 2 A to 2C.This device can have display, button, electronic device envelope Dress, and/or attachment strip.Attachment strip via using shackle (such as, Velcro), buckle and/or can have the storage for its shape The belt of device (such as, via using spring metal band) and be fastened to user.In fig. 2b, it can be seen that be used for coordinating charger And/or data launch the sensor projection of cable and recess.In fig. 2 c, the cross section through electron device package is shown.Value It is to be noted that sensor projection, main PCB plate, and display.

Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can collect one or more type from embedded type sensor and/or external device (ED) Physiology and/or environmental data, and this information is passed on or is relayed to other device and (comprise and potentially act as the number of accessible the Internet Device according to source), thus permit such as using web browser or network application program to inspect collected data. For example, when user adorns oneself with biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can use one or more biometer Quantity sensor calculates and stores the step number of user.Biometric monitoring arrangement can then would indicate that the data of the step number of user are launched Account on network service (such as, www.fitbit.com), computer, mobile phone, or wherein can store, process and by User observes the health station of data.It practice, biometric monitoring arrangement in addition to the step number of user or replace user step number Also can measure or calculate other physiological measurements multiple.These physiological measurements are including but not limited to energy expenditure, and such as, calorie fires Burning value, the number of floor levels climbed up and/or climb down, heart rate, changes in heart rate, heart rate recover, position and/or trend (such as via GPS, GLONASS or similar system), rise, speed of walking about and/or travel distance, swimming one way counting, stroke type and detect Counting, bicycle distance and/or speed, blood pressure, blood glucose, skin conductance, skin and/or body temp, via electromyography The muscular states measured, the cerebral activity measured by electroencephalography, body weight, body fat, calorie are taken in, from food Nutrition intake, medicine take in, sleep cycle, such as clock time, Sleep stages, sleep quality and/or persistent period, pH value Level, hydration level, breathing rate, and other physiological measurements.Biometric monitoring arrangement can also measure or calculate with The tolerance that environment around user is relevant, such as atmospheric pressure, weather condition (such as, temperature, humidity, pollen count, air matter Amount, rain/ice-lolly part, wind speed), light expose (such as, ambient light, UV light expose, time of spending in the dark and/or lasting time Between), post noise exposure, radioactive exposure, and magnetic field.Additionally, collect the biometric supervision of data stream from biometric monitoring arrangement Device or system can calculate the tolerance derived from these data.For example, device or system can pass via changes in heart rate, skin Lead, the combination of noise pollution and sleep quality to be to calculate anxiety and/or the relaxation level of user.In another example, device or System can be taken in via medicine, the combination of dormant data and/or activity data determines effect of medical intervention (such as medicine). In a further example, biometric monitoring arrangement or system can be taken in via pollen data, medicine, sleep and/or activity data Combination determine effect of allergic drug.There is provided these examples only for explanation, and be not intended to as restrictive or detailed 's.The further embodiment of sensor device and embodiment are found in " portable life entitled filed in 8 days June in 2011 Thing metering monitoring arrangement and operational approach (Portable Biometric Monitoring Devices and Methods thereof Of Operating Same) " U.S. patent application case 13/156,304 and on August in 2012 6 filed in entitled The U.S. patent application case 61/680 of " Fitbit tracker (Fitbit Tracker) ", in 230, described U.S. patent application case Both full text is incorporated herein by reference hereby.

Biosensor

Biometric monitoring arrangement discussed herein can use one, some or all of with lower sensor to obtain physiology Data, including but not limited to the physiological data of general introduction in following table.Biosensor and/or all combinations of physiological data and arrangement Set fall within the scope of the present invention.Biometric monitoring arrangement can be including but not limited to identified below for obtaining corresponding physiology One of data, the type of some or all of sensor；It practice, other type of sensor can also or alternatively be used to obtain Take corresponding physiological data, and this little other type of sensors are the most set falls within the scope of the present invention.Additionally, biometric prison View apparatus can derive physiological data from respective sensor output data, but is not limited to its physiology number can derived from described sensor According to number or type.

In an example embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff to detect, sense, to sample And/or generation may be used to determine the data of the information of the anxiety (or its level), blood pressure and/or the heart rate that represent such as user. (see, such as Fig. 2 A to 3C and 11A to 11G).At this in a little embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff, It has one or more light source (LED, laser, etc.) to send or to export the light health to user, and photodetector (photoelectricity two Pole pipe, optotransistor, etc.) to sample, to measure and/or detect the response from user's body of this light or reflection and to provide in order to determine Represent the number of the data of the anxiety (or its level) of user, blood pressure and/or heart rate (such as, such as by using photoelectricity volume diagram) According to.

In an example embodiment, the heart rate measurement of user (or can be connected to it by by one or more sensor Process circuit) criterion that determines and trigger.For example, when indicating static from the data of motion sensor or there is few fortune During the cycle moved, biometric monitoring arrangement can trigger, obtain and/or obtain heart rate measurement or data.(see, such as Fig. 9,12A And 12B).

In one embodiment, when motion sensor instruction User Activity or motion (such as, for trigger, obtain and/or Obtain required heart rate measurement or data (such as, in order to determine the data of the resting heart rate of user) are improper or and the fortune of non-optimal Dynamic) time, it is placed in order to the biometric monitoring arrangement and/or sensor obtaining and/or obtaining required heart rate measurement or data Or be held in low power state.Because the heart rate measurement during movement carried out may the most reliable and possible passive movement illusion Destroy, thus when biometric monitoring arrangement at the volley time, it may be necessary to reduce collect heart rate data sample frequency (thus Reduce power to use).

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use the data of instruction User Activity or motion (such as, to come From one or more motion sensor) adjust or revise triggering, obtain and/or obtain the characteristic of required heart rate measurement or data (such as, to improve the robustness to motion artifact).For example, if biometric monitoring arrangement receives instruction user and lives Data that are dynamic or that move, then biometric monitoring arrangement adjustable or the sampling of the amendment sensor in order to obtain heart rate data (such as, in the case of user movement amount exceedes a certain threshold value, biometric monitoring arrangement can increase for rate and/or resolution model Big sampling rate and/or the sampling resolution pattern of the increase sensor in order to obtain heart rate measurement or data).Additionally, biometer Amount monitoring arrangement can be in the period in these a little cycles (such as, user movement amount exceedes the cycle of a certain threshold value) of User Activity or motion Adjust or revise sampling rate and/or the resolution model of motion sensor.In this way, determine when biometric monitoring arrangement or When this User Activity or motion being detected, motion sensor can be placed in higher sampling rate and/or relatively by biometric monitoring arrangement High sampling resolution pattern is such as to realize the adaptive-filtering more accurately of heart rate signal.(see, such as, Fig. 9).

Fig. 9 illustrates that the mobile degree experienced based on biometric monitoring arrangement changes the mode of its detection user's heart rate Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement example.The situation of motion (such as, via using accelerometer) detected wherein Under, user can be considered " movable " by biometric monitoring arrangement, and high sampling rate heart rate detection can occur to reduce heart rate Motion artifact in measurement.Can preserve and/or show this data.Determine that user does not moves (or phase at biometric monitoring arrangement To sitting) in the case of, low sampling rate heart rate detection (it does not consume so much power) for measure heart rate can be suitable and Thus can be used.

It should be noted that uses optical technology to come such as by using photoelectricity volume diagram to obtain at biometric monitoring arrangement In the case of taking heart rate measurement or data, motor message can be used to determine or set up and carry out data acquisition by heart rate sensor Or measure (such as, synchronous detecting rather than non-amplitude modulation method) and/or its ad hoc approach analyzed or technology.(see, such as Figure 11 E).In this way, instruction user movement or the data of activity biometric monitoring arrangement can be caused to set up or adjust by Data acquisition that one or more optics heart rate sensor uses or the type of measurement or technology.

For example, in one embodiment, detect when motion detector circuit or determine biometric monitoring arrangement The motion of wearer is less than (such as, if biometric monitoring arrangement determines user's sitting or sleeping) during threshold value, biometric Monitoring arrangement (or heart rate measurement technology as herein disclosed) adjustable and/or the sampling rate of reduction optics heart rate sampling. (see, such as, Fig. 9).In this way, biometric monitoring arrangement can control its power consumption.For example, biometric monitors Device can by reduce sensor sampling rate and reduce power consumption, such as, biometric monitoring arrangement can every 10 minutes once Or every 1 minute 10 seconds Di heart rate is sampled (via heart rate sensor).It should be noted that additionally or alternati, biological Metering monitoring arrangement can control power via controlling data processing circuit analysis and/or data analysis technique according to motion detection Consume.Thus, user motion may affect heart rate data get parms and/or data analysis or its process.

Motion artifact suppression in heart rate sensor

As discussed above, can improve by using one or more algorithm and surveyed by PPG sensor removing motion artifact The original signal of amount.Can use the movement (being used for determining motion artifact) of sensor measurement user, described sensor comprises But it is not limited to accelerometer, gyroscope, proximity detector, magnetometer, etc..The target of these a little algorithms is to use from as guidance The movable signal of other sensor capture remove the component (movement illusion) being attributable to movement of PPG signal.At one In embodiment, sef-adapting filter can be used based on hybrid card Thalmann filter (Kalman filter) and least means square Device or recursive least-squares wave filter remove the mobile illusion in PPG signal.Peak counting algorithm or power can be then used by Spectrum density algorithm for estimating is from cleaning/filtered signal extraction heart rate.Or, Kalman filter or particle filter can be used Remove this most mobile illusion.

The other method that may be used to calculate heart rate frequency is to be Y=Y by heart rate signal model creation_dc+∑a_k*coskθ+ b_k* sink θ, wherein k is the exponent number of harmonic component, and θ is the model parameter for heart rate.This model can be then used by expansion card Thalmann filter or particle filter and be fitted to signal.This model exploits the fact that signal non-sinusoidal, therefore at base This harmonic wave and multiple extra both harmonic waves place are containing power.

Or, can be Y=Y by signal modeling_dc+∑a_k*sin(k*w_motiont+θ)+∑b_k*sin(k*w_HRT+ φ), wherein w_motionDirectly estimate from accelerometer signal (or another motion sensor signal).

Ambient light and the colour of skin

Ambient light and the colour of skin may make it difficult to the heart rate from PPG signal extraction user.Can be by when PPG light source is opened The value being received detection optical signal deduct being received when PPG light source is closed and detect the value of optical signal and reduce the shadow of ambient light Ring (assuming that two signals are to obtain) in the time in close proximity to each other.

The wavelength of light that by the intensity changing PPG light source, can send from light source and/or by using corresponding to two not Ratio or the difference of the received signal of co-wavelength and reduce the impact of the colour of skin.(such as, user's key entry can be inputted by using user Its colour of skin), the image etc. of human face determines the colour of skin, and can come calibration algorithm, light-source brightness, light source followed by using the colour of skin Wavelength and receptor gain.Also by the signal with known amplitude being sent to light source and then measuring from photoelectric detector The signal received is to measure the colour of skin (and compactness of the user's wearable device) impact on original PPG signal.This type of signal can Send and reach time cycle (so that via multiple expection heart beatings capture data) of prolongation and being then averaging and be not dependent on to produce The steady statue data set of heart rate.Can then by this amplitude compared with the class value being stored in table with determine algorithm calibration, send out Emitter amplitude and receptor gain.

The heart rate using heuristic is estimated to improve

After obtaining the initial estimation (such as, the peak counting estimated by power spectral density) of heart rate, it can be used for The allowed speed of heart rate is applied boundary.Can be for these boundaries of each user optimization, because each user will have uniquely Heart rate overview.For example, its sitting heart rate can be estimated when each user maintains static, and when this can be used as user's walking Lower limit.Similarly, 1/2nd of walk frequency as calculated from podometer may act as expecting the good lower limit of heart rate.

Algorithm of heart rate can customize for each user, and can learn user heart rate overview and be suitable to user behavior and/ Or characteristic is to elapse more preferable in time.For example, described algorithm can be right based on the historical data from user Heart rate or walking speed during given body activity set boundary.This can be broken by noise and/or motion artifact at heart rate data In bad time, provides more preferable result.

HR quality metric

In another example embodiment, the signal quality metrics of heart rate/PPG signal may be used to provide the standard of produced signal The quantization of exactness/degree of accuracy.Depend on this value measured, determine heart rate (or other PPG derivation degree such as such as breathing of user Amount) algorithm can take some action, comprise and allow user strain watchband, to ignore some part of collected heart rate data (such as, There is the data segment of low quality metric), and some part of heart rate data is weighted (such as, having better quality tolerance Data can calculate heart rate time give greater weight).

In one embodiment, can sending out signals quality metric as follows: drawing scatter diagram, wherein x-axis is the time, and y-axis Frequency for the peak value in the PPG signal of that given time.Using this strategy problem to be overcome is can at given time Multiple and/or zero peak value can be there is.Line of best fit is capture line sexual relationship in this scatter diagram.High-quality signal should have good It is fitted to well one group of peak value of line (in short time span), and bad signal will have can not described well by line Group peak value.Therefore, the fit quality to line provides the good measure of quality of PPG signal self.

Sitting, sleep and activity classification tolerance

In yet another embodiment embodiment, when device determine user's sitting or sleeping time, biometric monitoring arrangement can use Sensor calculates changes in heart rate.Herein, biometric monitoring arrangement can be with higher rate sampling mode (relative to non-sitting week Phase or the User Activity cycle beyond predetermined threshold) operate sensor to calculate changes in heart rate.Biometric monitoring arrangement (or outer Part device) changes in heart rate can be used as health of heart or the designator of anxiety.

It practice, in certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can user's sitting and/or sleeping (such as, as by The detection of biometric monitoring arrangement and/or determine) time measure and/or determine tensional level and/or the health of heart of user.This Some embodiments of bright biometric monitoring arrangement can use instruction changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, skin temperature, body temperature And/or the sensing data of heart rate determine the tensional level of user, health status (such as, have a fever or catch a cold risk, send out Make, or progress), and/or health of heart.In this way, the process circuit of biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that and/or follow the tracks of with " baseline " tensional level of user of time passage and/or the heart " healthy " elapsed in time.In another embodiment, described Device can wherein user without motion (or the motion of user is less than predetermined threshold, such as when user be just seated, lie down, sleeping or When being in Sleep stages (such as, deep sleep)) one or more cycle during measure the physiological parameter of user.These data also can be by Biometric monitoring arrangement with act on nervous relevant parameter, health-related parameter (such as, have a fever the risk catch a cold or Make), health of heart, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, skin temperature, body temperature and/or " baseline " of heart rate.

Sleep watchdog

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically detect or determine that user just attempts to fall asleep, Fall asleep, fall asleep and/or wake up from sleep cycle.At this in a little embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can use biosensor Obtain data, and the data processing circuit of biometric monitoring arrangement can make the sensor collection from biometric monitoring arrangement Heart rate, changes in heart rate, breathing rate, skin pricktest response, motion, skin temperature and/or temperature data combination relevant with inspection Survey or determine that user the most just attempts to fall asleep, falls asleep, falls asleep and/or wake up from sleep cycle.As response, biometric Monitoring arrangement can such as obtain physiological data (type as described herein and in mode as described herein) and/or determine The physiological condition of user (type as described herein and in mode as described herein).For example, user movement The reduction of the change that minimizing or stopping combine user's heart rate and/or changes in heart rate may indicate that user is the most sleeping.Changes in heart rate and skin The follow-up change of skin electroresponse can then by biometric monitoring arrangement in order to determine that the sleep state of user is at two or two Transformation (such as, being changed into shallower and/or deeper Sleep stages) between above Sleep stages.The motion of user and/or liter High heart rate and/or the change of changes in heart rate can be by biometric monitoring arrangement in order to determine that user wakes up.

In real time, window or batch processing may be used to determine waking, sleeps and transformation between Sleep stages.For example, The heart can be measured in time window (reducing when heart rate is in the rising of the beginning of described window and centre (and/or the end) at described window) The reduction of rate.Awakening with Sleep stages can by hidden Markov model use motor message (such as, the exercise intensity of reduction), The change of the response of heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin temperature, skin pricktest and/or ambient light level is classified.Can be by changing point Algorithm (such as, Bayes changes point analysis) determines transition point.Can be by observing the heart rate of wherein user when predetermined continuing In be reduced at least a certain threshold value but be in user resting heart rate (its be such as observed user sleep time minimum heart rate) Predetermined margin in cycle determine awakening and sleep between transformation.Similarly, can be increased by the heart rate of observation user The transformation between sleep and awakening is determined on the predetermined threshold higher than the resting heart rate of user.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be an assembly of the system for monitoring sleep, wherein Described system comprises and is configured to and biometric monitoring arrangement communication and be adapted for placement in the auxiliary device (example near sleeper As, alarm clock).In some embodiments, described auxiliary device has in order to be received biometric monitoring arrangement to carry out safety The shape taken care of, communicate and/or charge and mechanical and/or magnetic interfaces.But, described auxiliary device also can be universally used in biology Metering monitoring arrangement, such as without particular design with the smart phone physically interfaced with biometric monitoring arrangement.Can be via Wired communication interface or via wireless communication interface and such as bluetooth (comprising such as bluetooth 4.0 and the low-yield agreement of bluetooth), The agreements such as RFID, NFC or WLAN provide the communication between biometric monitoring arrangement and auxiliary device.Auxiliary device can comprise Monitor or the sensor of environmental surveillance in order to assisting sleep, such as, measure ambient light, noise and/or sound and (such as, beat with detection Snore), temperature, the sensor of humidity and air quality (pollen, dust, CO2, etc.).In one embodiment, auxiliary device can be with The external service of such as www.fitbit.com etc. or server (such as, personal computer) communication.Can via wired (such as, Ethernet, USB) or wireless (such as, WLAN, bluetooth, RFID, NFC, honeycomb fashion) circuit and in order to transfer data to auxiliary device And/or realize the communication with auxiliary device from the agreement of auxiliary device transmission data.Auxiliary device can also act as in order to by number According to from such as www.fitbit.com or other service (such as, such as news, social networks renewal, Email, calendar notification Etc. data) etc. external service or server (such as, personal computer, mobile phone, tablet PC) be sent to biometric Monitoring arrangement and/or data are sent to from biometric monitoring arrangement the repeater of described external service or server.Can make On one or two device or external service (such as, Cloud Server), user is performed by the data from one or two device The calculating of dormant data.

Auxiliary device can equipped with display with the data that be obtained by auxiliary device of display or by biometric monitoring arrangement, External service is sent to its data or the group of the data from biometric monitoring arrangement, auxiliary device and/or external service Close.For example, auxiliary device can show instruction the heart rate of user, the total step number on the same day, activity and/or sleep realization of goal, The data of the weather (measured by auxiliary device or reported for a position by external service) etc. on the same day.In another example, Auxiliary device can show the data relevant relative to the ranking of other users with user, the most total all step numbers.In another enforcement In example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with display to show by biometric monitoring arrangement, auxiliary device, external service Or the data that the combination in described three sources obtains.Wherein first device equipped with wake up up warning (such as, vibrating motor, raise one's voice Device) embodiment in, auxiliary device may act as spare alarm (such as, use audio tweeter).Auxiliary device also can have Interface (such as, display and button or touch screen) with create, delete, revise or enable first and/or auxiliary device on report Alert device.

Sensor-based ready mode

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically detect or determine if to be attached to user, peace Put with user and/or worn by user.In response to detecting or determining that biometric monitoring arrangement is not attached to user, peace Putting with user and/or worn by user, biometric monitoring arrangement (or its selected portion) can be implemented or be placed in low-power Operator scheme, such as, optics heart rate sensor and/or circuit are placed in lower-wattage or sleep pattern.For example, at one In embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise one or more photodetector (photodiode, optotransistor, etc.).If Set under (such as, the light relative to being sent by the light source of the part for biometric monitoring arrangement) in given light intensity, one or Multiple photodetectors provide low return signal, then data interpretation can not worn by biometric monitoring arrangement for instruction device Wear.After this type of determines, device can reduce its power consumption at once, such as by addition to other device circuit or display Also " disable " or adjust nervous and/or heart rate detection sensor and/or circuit operating condition (such as, by reduce light source and/ Or the cycle of operation of detector or disable light source and/or detector, turn off device, display, and/or disable or decay and be associated Circuit or its part).Additionally, biometric monitoring arrangement can periodically determine whether (such as, once per second) should be by anxiety And/or the operating condition of heart rate detection sensor and/or associated circuits returns to normal operating condition (such as, light source, detection Device and/or associated circuits should return to normal manipulation mode for carrying out heart rate detection).In another embodiment, biometer Amount monitoring arrangement can detect can after trigger event (such as, detect device motion (such as, based on from one or The data of multiple motion sensors) and/or detect that the user's input via user interface is (such as, with biometric supervision dress Put touch by, collide or stir mutual) after) at once recover nervous and/or heart rate detection sensor and/or associated circuits Operating condition.In some related embodiment, saving purpose for power, biometric monitoring arrangement can at User Activity degree not Time high, the default rate that its heart rate measurement is collected is reduced to one-shot measurement the most per minute, and user can have such as by pushing away Move button and device is placed in the demand of pressing or produces the operator scheme measured with faster speed (such as, once per second).

Optical pickocff

In one embodiment, optical pickocff (source and/or detector) can be placed in the interior of biometric monitoring arrangement (that is, the side of the contact of biometric monitoring arrangement, touching and/or user oriented skin is (hereinafter referred to for portion or skin side " skin side ")) on.(see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 3C).In another embodiment, optical pickocff can be placed in the one or many of device On individual side, comprise skin side and device towards or be exposed to one or more side (ambient side) of surrounding.(see, example As, Fig. 6 A to 7).

It should be noted that the data of a little optical pickocffs since then can represent physiological data and/or environmental data.Actual On, in one embodiment, optical pickocff provides, obtains and/or detect the multiple sides from biometric monitoring arrangement Information, whether be placed on one or many person in the plurality of side regardless of sensor.For example, optical pickocff can Obtain the data relevant with the environment light condition of environment.

In the case of in the skin side that optical pickocff is positioned or arranged in biometric monitoring arrangement, in operation, Light source in biometric monitoring arrangement can be luminous on the skin of user, and as response, in biometric monitoring arrangement Photodetector sampling, obtain and/or detect from the corresponding reflection of skin (and from body interior) and/or the light that sends. One or more light source and photodetector can be by strengthening or optimize signal to noise ratio and/or in order to described light source and light inspection are reduced or minimized Array or the pattern of surveying the power consumption of device are arranged.These optical pickocff samplings, obtain and/or detect physiological data, Described physiological data can be the most treated or analyze (such as, by resident process circuit) and represent the heart of such as user to obtain Rate, breathing, changes in heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO₂), blood volume, blood glucose, skin moisture and/or the number of cutaneous pigmentation level According to.

Light source can send the light of one or more wavelength of the type specific to or be directed to physiological data to be collected. Similarly, fluorescence detector sampling, measure and/or detect also specific to or be directed to the type of physiological data to be collected And/or to be assessed or that determine one or more wavelength of (user's) physiological parameter.For example, in one embodiment, send out Go out the light of the wavelength having in green light spectrum light source (such as, sending the LED of the light with the wavelength corresponding to green light spectrum) and It is located to sampling, measures and/or detect the photodiode of corresponding with this light response or reflection and can provide and may be used to determine Or the data of detection heart rate.By contrast, send the light of the wavelength having in red spectral light source (such as, send have right Should be in the LED of the light of the wavelength of red spectral) and the light source of the light that sends the wavelength having in infrared spectrum (such as, send There is the LED of the light of the wavelength corresponding to IR spectrum) and be located to sampling, measure and/or detect the response of this light or anti- The photodiode penetrated can provide and may be used to determine or detect SpO₂Data.

It practice, in certain embodiments, light source (such as LED (or one group of LED)) color of the light sent or wavelength Can be revised according to the predefined type of acquired physiological data or operating condition, adjusted and/or be controlled.Herein, adjustable The wavelength of the light that whole and/or control is sent by light source is to optimize and/or to strengthen the physiological data being obtained by detector and/or sampling " quality ".For example, when the skin temperature of user or ambient temperature are relatively low, LED the color of the light sent can be from red Outside line is switched to green to strengthen the signal corresponding to cardiomotility.(see, such as Figure 11 D).

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise in shell window (such as, in order to interim to examine, Opaque window) to promote the light emission between optical pickocff and user.Herein, described window can permit such as one or Light (such as, having selected wavelength) is issued on the skin of user and permits the response of light or reflect via described by multiple LED Window is to back through to be sampled by such as one or more photodiode, measure and/or to be detected.In one embodiment, The circuit relevant with sending and receive light can be placed in crust of the device inside and plastics or glassy layer (such as, be coated with red Outside line ink) or infrared lenses or wave filter (its permit infrared light by but the light that disapproves in people's vision spectrum pass through) Downwardly or rearwardly.In this way, the light transmission of described window can not be by human eye finding.

Biometric monitoring arrangement can use light pipe or other translucent construction to promote that light is transmitted into the body of user from light source Body and skin.(see, such as, Fig. 4 A to 5).Thus, in certain embodiments, light can be through thus a little light pipes or other printing opacity Structure is from the skin of light source oriented users.Scattered light from user's body can be via same or like structure to returning guiding biology Optical circuit in metering monitoring arrangement.It practice, described translucent construction can use material and/or the optics promoting that low light loss loses (such as, translucent construction can comprise the lens promoting that light is collected, and the part of translucent construction can use reflecting material coating or adjacent in design It is bordering on reflecting material to promote light internal reflection in translucent construction), the signal to noise ratio and/or the promotion that thus improve photodetector subtract Small light source and/or the power consumption of photodetector.In certain embodiments, light pipe or other translucent construction can comprise optionally Launch the light (emission effciency is higher than the emission effciency of the light with other wavelength) with one or more specific or predetermined wavelength Material, thus acts as band filter.This quasi-belt ventilating filter can be tuned to improve the signal of specific physiological data type.Lift For example, in one embodiment, can implement in-mold label or " IML " translucent construction, wherein said translucent construction uses to be had Make a reservation for or the material of required optical characteristics creates specific bandpass characteristic, in order to such as make being higher than by efficiency of infrared light have The light of other wavelength (such as, has the light of wavelength in people's visible spectrum).In another embodiment, biometric monitors dress Put to use and there is optically opaque part (comprising some optical characteristics) and optical clear part (comprise that to be different from optics impermeable The optical characteristics of bright part) translucent construction.This type of translucent construction can provide, wherein via double injection or two step molding process Optically opaque material and optically transparent material are injected in mould individually.Implement the biometric prison of this type of translucent construction View apparatus can be depending on the light direct of travel through translucent construction and comprises different optical transmission characteristics for different wave length.Citing comes Saying, in one embodiment, optically opaque material can reflect particular range of wavelengths so that more efficiently by light from the body of user Body transmitting returns to photodetector (it can have the different wave length of the wavelength relative to sent light).

In another embodiment, during catoptric arrangement can be placed in the visual field of optical transmitting set and/or photodetector.Citing comes Say have and light is directed to the skin of user from optical transmitting set and/or is directed to hole (or the warp of photodetector from the skin of user By perform this by way of advance translucent construction) side can cover in reflecting material (such as, chromium plating) to promote light transmission.Instead Penetrate material to increase and from light source, light is transferred to skin and then returns to the efficiency of detector from skin transport.Available optical epoxy Resin or other transparent material fill reflexive coating hole to prevent liquid entrance apparatus main body from still allowing for damaging with low transmission simultaneously Devitrification penetrates light.

In another embodiment implementing translucent construction (such as, the structure creating via IML or being formed), these a little printing opacities are tied Structure can comprise the mask being made up of opaque material, and described opaque material limits one, some or all of light source and/or detection The aperture of device.In this way, translucent construction optionally " defines " and emits light into or from the user's body of its detection light Preferred volume.It should be noted that and can use in conjunction with described herein and/or explanation concept or implement the configuration of other mask； In order to such as improve photoelectricity volume diagram signal and combine described herein and/or explanation concept implement all this cover Configure set falling within the scope of the present invention.

In another embodiment, optical transmitting set and/or detector can be configured via the hole in device outside or one to be Light is launched in row hole.Available light transmitting epoxy resin (such as optical resin) fills this hole or this series of apertures.Epoxy resin can shape Becoming light-guiding pillar, it allows light be transmitted into skin from optical transmitting set and return to photodetector from skin transmitting.This technology also has Advantages below: epoxy resin can form waterproof sealing, thus prevents water, perspiration or other liquid from being entered by the hole on device outside Enter apparatus main body, described hole allow optical transmitting set and detector emit light into biometric monitoring arrangement body exterior and from Biometric monitoring arrangement body exterior receives light.The epoxy resin with high heat conductance may be used to help prevent light source (such as, LED) overheated.

In any one in translucent construction as herein described, optics (translucent construction) or the exposure table of apparatus main body Face can comprise hard japanning, (such as antireflection, anti-scratch, antifog and/or wavelength band stops (such as hard dip-coating thing or optical coating Ultraviolet light stops) coating).These a little characteristics or material can improve the operation of biometric monitoring arrangement, accuracy and/or durable Property.

Fig. 4 A one potential PPG light source of explanation and the example of photoelectric detector geometry.In this embodiment, two light Source is placed on the either side of photoelectric detector.These three device is positioned at wristband type biometric monitoring arrangement (its face, side To the skin of user) the back side on raised in.

Fig. 4 B and 4C explanation has the example of the PPG sensor of photoelectric detector and two LED light sources.These assemblies are placed In having on dorsal part in bossed biometric monitoring arrangement.Light-pipe optics connects LED and photoelectric detector and user's skin Surface.Side under the skin, from the blood scattering from health of the light of light source, some of which can scatter or reflect back into light In photodetector.

Fig. 5 explanation has the example of the biometric monitoring arrangement gathering around bossed optimized PPG detector, described projection There is curved side in order to avoid making user not feel well.Additionally, photoelectric detector and LED light are coupled to the skin of wearer The surface of light pipe is wavy to couple maximizing the luminous flux between LED and photoelectric detector with light pipe.The user oriented of light pipe The end of skin is also wavy.This profile can make light focus on or defocus to optimize PPG signal.For example, described profile can make Light emitted focusing on meets it may happen that a certain degree of depth in region of blood flowing and position.The summit of these focuses can be overlapping Together or be very close to so that photoelectric detector receive maximum possible scattered light.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise concave or convex shape in the skin side of device (such as lens), collect light from described point so that light focuses on towards the designated volume at the certain depth in skin and increases The efficiency of photoelectric detector.(see, such as, Fig. 4 A to 5).Also use light pipe with optionally at this type of biometric monitoring arrangement And in the case of controllably routeing light, the end of light-guiding pillar is carried out moulding and makes it have a certain degree of cylindricity (example As, nominally the end of light-guiding pillar can be cylindrical surface (or its portion defined by the cylinder axis being parallel to skin side Point)) can be favourable (such as, substituting the lens that use is axially symmetric).For example, at wrist carried biometric monitoring arrangement In, nominally this type of cylindrical lens can be oriented such that cylinder axis is parallel to the forearm of wearer, this measure can have Limit and enter the amount of this lens-like light from the direction of the forearm being parallel to people and increase to enter from the direction of the forearm being perpendicular to people Enter the effect of the amount of this lens-like light, because comparing, environment with the direction (that is, being perpendicular to the forearm of user) covered by bandage The direction (i.e. along the forearm axis of user) that light is the most never covered by the bandage of biometric monitoring arrangement arrives sensing Device detection region, this type of configuration can be sent to user's skin from emitter by light by increase or efficiency therein reduces simultaneously " spuious " light that detected by photoelectric detector or collect and improve signal to noise ratio.In this way, by photoelectric detector sampling, measure And/or the signal of detection is by less veiling glare and to this light emitted more user's skin/(expression is to institute in health response Launch signal or the data of the response of light) composition.

In another embodiment, light transmitting epoxy resin may be molded as concave or convex shape to be also provided with for sensor The optical characteristics of benefit.For example, during coating light transmitting epoxy resin, described epoxy resin the top of the translucent construction formed Portion can be through being shaped as concave surface so that light be more efficiently coupled to translucent construction.

In one embodiment, the assembly of optical pickocff can be positioned in the skin side of device, and arranged or location So that (i) light source and/or be associated distance detector and (ii) user skin between are reduced or minimized.See such as Fig. 3 A, its The cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of example portable monitoring device is provided.In figure 3 a, two light sources (such as, LED) are placed To realize PPG sensing on the either side of photoelectric detector.Light-locking material be placed between light source and photoelectric detector in case Only any light from light source arrives photoelectric detector and first exits the main body of biometric monitoring arrangement.Flexible transparent layer Can be placed in the lower surface of sensor projection to form sealing.This clear layer can serve other function, such as, prevent liquid Body enters device in the position placing light source or photoelectric detector.This clear layer can be formed via in-mold label or " IML ".Light Source and photoelectric detector can be placed on flexible PCB.

This type of configuration can improve the luminous flux coupling efficiency between the assembly of optical pickocff and user's body.Citing comes Saying, in one embodiment, light source and/or the detector that is associated can be placed in flexibility or flexible substrate, described flexibility or Flexible substrate deflection, thus allow the skin side (it can be made up of conforming materials) of biometric monitoring arrangement to meet (such as, it is not necessary to extra process) or can be through moulding (or compliance) meeting biometric monitoring arrangement in the normal operating phase Between the shape of body part (such as, the wrist of user, arm, ankle and/or lower limb) that is coupled to or is attached to so that light source And/or be associated detector close to user skin (that is, between the skin side and the neighbouring surface of user's skin of device several Gapless).See such as Fig. 6 A.In one embodiment, light source and/or the detector that is associated can be placed in flat flexible cable On (Flat Flex Cable) or " FFC " or flexible PCB.In this embodiment, flexible or flexible substrate (such as, FFC or Flexible PCB) may be connected in device its on be mounted with second substrate of other assembly (such as, data processing circuit) (such as, PCB).Difference " finger " that the optical module of differing heights can be pacified to flexible substrate and through pressing or be fastened to shell table Face so that optical module flushes with case surface.In one embodiment, the second substrate can be relatively without flexible or inflexibility Substrate, is fixed in device, and it is mounted with other circuit and assembly (passive and/or active).

Fig. 3 C provides another cross-sectional view of example PPG Sensor Implementation.It should be noted that this PPG sensor In there is no projection.Additionally, liquid gasket and/or contact adhesive are in order to prevent liquid from entering biometric monitoring arrangement main body.

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement may be adapted to be worn or carried by user's body.Comprising the optics heart In some embodiments of rate monitor, device can be the such as wrist wearing type such as wrist-watch or bracelet or arm installing type ornament. (see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 7).In one embodiment, the optical element of optics heart rate monitor can be located at biometric and monitors dress On the inside put or skin side, such as when biometric monitoring arrangement is worn in wrist towards top (that is, the optics of wrist Heart rate monitor can be adjacent to and towards wrist).(see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 3C).

In another embodiment, optics heart rate monitor can be located at one or more outside or ring of biometric monitoring arrangement On the side surface of border.(see, such as, Fig. 6 B and 7).At this in a little embodiments, user can be with the finger touching optical window of phase backhand (optical element of optics heart rate monitor is positioned at its rear) with initial heart rate measurement (and/or other tolerance relevant with heart rate, Such as changes in heart rate) and/or collect the data of the heart rate (and/or other tolerance relevant with heart rate) that may be used to determine user. (see, such as, Fig. 6 B).In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be by the incident illumination in sense photodiode (suddenly) decline and trigger or initial measure, such as, when the finger of user is placed on optical window.Additionally or alternatively Ground, can be by based on ultrared proximity detector and/or capacitor-type touch/proximity detector, (it can be with other detector Separately) trigger heart rate measurement (or other this type of tolerance).This kind is based on ultrared proximity detector and/or capacitive touch Touch/proximity detector can be placed in optical window or on it and/or functionally, electricity and/or be physically coupled to optical window Mouth is to detect or to determine the existence of such as user's finger.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise button, and described button triggers when pressed or rises Beginning heart rate measurement (and/or other tolerance relevant with heart rate).Described button can be placed in be sentenced at hands very close to optical window Refer to facilitate user to press button when being placed on optical window.(see, such as, Fig. 7).In one embodiment, optical window can be embedding Enter in promoting button.Thus, when a user presses a button, it can trigger the measurement to the finger pressed the button.It practice, can Giving certain shape of button and/or press pressure resistance, it strengthens or optimizes the pressure distribution of button opposing finger to measure or number According to providing high s/n ratio during obtaining.In other embodiments (undeclared), biometric monitoring arrangement can in intermediate plate, smooth right As, suspension member, ankletbangle, band etc. are suitable to be worn on health, clip to or pacify to dress, leave (such as, pocket in clothes in In) or leave the form in ornament (such as, handbag) in.

In a particular embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise projection in the skin side of device or inner side. (see, Fig. 2 A to 6A).When being coupled to user, described projection than peripheral devices main body with engaging skin more energetically.Real at this Executing in example, optical window or translucent construction (both is all being discussed in detail above) can form a part for projection or be incorporated in prominent In Qiing.The optical transmitting set of optical pickocff and/or detector can be positioned or arranged in projection near window or translucent construction. (see, such as, Fig. 2 B and 6A).Thus, when being attached to the health of user, the window portion of the projection of biometric monitoring arrangement Than the peripheral devices main body skin of engaging user more energetically, thus between the skin and optical window of user, provide more firm Solid physical coupling.That is, described projection can cause durable contact between biometric monitoring arrangement and the skin of user, and it can The amount reducing the veiling glare measured by photoelectric detector, the relative motion reduced between biometric monitoring arrangement and user, and/ Or the local pressure of the improvement to user's skin is provided；All these quality improving paid close attention to heart signal.It is worth note Meaning, described projection can be containing other sensor benefiting from the close proximity with user's skin and/or rigid contact.These Sensor and can comprise such as skin temperature transducer in addition to heart rate sensor or substitute heart rate sensor and be included (such as, utilize and be joined to the optical window of outer surface or the contactless heat of thermal resistor of projection by hot epoxy resin Pile), pulse oximeter, pressure transducer, EMG or the skin pricktest response sensor such as (GSR) sensor.

Additionally or alternati, a part for the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise friction enhancing mechanism or material Material.For example, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise multiple raised or sunken district or part is (such as, little convex Block, oncus, groove and/or pit).Additionally, friction enhancing material (such as, such as siloxanes isogel sample material or other bullet Property material) can be placed in skin side.It practice, the device back side being made up of gel also can provide friction, also improve use simultaneously Family comfort level and prevent veiling glare from entering.As noted above, friction strengthens mechanism or material can be individually or jointly as herein Described tool bossed biometric monitoring arrangement uses.Thus, biometric monitoring arrangement can be at device In jut or on comprise multiple raised or sunken district's part (such as, small lugs, oncus, groove and/or pit).Actual On, this most raised or sunken district's part may be incorporated into/be embedded in the window portion of projection or on.Additionally or alternati, projection Part can be made up of friction enhancing material (such as, such as siloxanes isogel sample material) or be coated with by described friction enhancing material Cloth.It should be noted that the use of projection and/or friction can exist by reducing biometric monitoring arrangement (and thus sensor) Operating process improves corresponding to some parameter (example relative to the motion of skin of user (when especially user moves) As, the response of heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest, skin temperature, dye, heat flux, blood pressure, blood glucose etc.) data acquisition Accuracy of measurement.

Some or all of the inside of biometric monitoring arrangement or skin side shell also can by metal material (such as, steel, Rustless steel, aluminum, magnesium or titanium) composition.This type of configuration can provide structural rigidity.(see, such as, Fig. 2 B).In this type of embodiment, dress Put main body can be designed to by using low irritability " without nickel " rustless steel to be low irritability.It should be noted that use (at least in some position) the most slightly (such as, for ferrous rustless steel grade) on ferrous some type of metal can be Favourable.At this in a little embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement (wherein its to comprise rechargeable energy source (such as, rechargeable Electricity battery)) can interconnect via adapter and charger, described adapter use be coupled to the magnet of ferrous iron material and by self It is fastened to biometric monitoring arrangement.Additionally, biometric monitoring arrangement it be also possible to use this magnetic properties engagement support or docking Stand to promote data transmission.Additionally, this type of shell can provide reinforced electric magnetic shield, it will strengthen optics heart rate sensor and the heart The integrity of rate data acquisition/operation and reliability.Additionally, skin temperature transducer can such as pass through hot epoxy resin thing Reason couples and is thermally coupled to metal master to sense the temperature of user.In the embodiment comprising projection, sensor can be positioned on Projection near projection or arrives rigid contact and the thermal coupling of localization of user's skin with offer.

In a preferred embodiment, (in one embodiment, it can be located at projection to one or more assembly of optical pickocff In, and/or in another embodiment, it can flush with the surface of biometric monitoring arrangement with disposing or place) via not leaking Liquid-tight envelope (that is, prevent liquid enter biometric monitoring arrangement main body in method/mechanism) and be attached, fix, comprise and/ Or it is fastened to biometric monitoring arrangement.Such as, in one embodiment, by metal (such as but not limited to rustless steel, aluminum, magnesium Or titanium) or the device back side made of rigid plastics can provide the hardest to maintain the structural intergrity of device to adapt to sensing simultaneously The structure of the water-tight sealing of device encapsulation.(see, such as, Fig. 2 B to 3C).

In a preferred embodiment, encapsulation or the module of optical pickocff can be connected to by pressure sensitive adhesive and liquid gasket Device.Seeing such as Fig. 3 C, it provides another cross-sectional view of PPG Sensor Implementation.It should be noted that this PPG senses Device does not has projection.Additionally, liquid gasket and/or contact adhesive are in order to prevent liquid from entering apparatus main body.For example, as Fruit is in optical sensor package/need firmer or more durable connection between module and apparatus main body, then it be also possible to use spiral shell Nail, rivet etc..It should be noted that the present embodiment it be also possible to use such as GORE-TEX (Gore-Tex), o ring, sealant, The marine glue such as oils and fats or epoxy resin, hydrophobic diaphragm are by optical sensor package/module fastening or are attached to biometric Monitoring arrangement main body.

As discussed above, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise be placed on skin side or inner side comprise high reflectance The material of characteristic, the most polished rustless steel, reflexive paint and polished plastics.In this way, dissipate from the skin side of device The light penetrated can reflect back into skin such as to improve the signal to noise ratio of optics heart rate sensor.It practice, with nonreflective (or relatively Little reflexive) the apparatus main body back side compare, this increases input optical signal effectively.It should be noted that an embodiment In, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or the color of inner side can be chosen to provide some optical characteristics (such as, reflection spy Determine or the light of predetermined wavelength), in order to improve the signal about some physiological data type.For example, monitor at biometric Skin side or in the case of inner side is green, be attributable to the preferred emission of the light of the wavelength corresponding to green light spectrum and strengthen the heart The measurement of rate.The skin side that monitors at biometric or in the case of inner side is redness, is attributable to the ripple corresponding to red spectral The transmitting of long light preferably strengthens SpO₂Measurement.In one embodiment, can making a reservation for according to acquired physiological data Type and revise, adjust and/or control biometric monitor skin side or the color of inner side.

Figure 11 A describes the example schematic block diagram of optics heart rate sensor, and wherein light is sent out from light source towards the skin of user Going out, and this light is sensed by photodetector from the reflection of the skin/body interior of user, the signal from photodetector passes through subsequently A/D converter (ADC) digitized.Can revise the intensity (such as, via intensity of light source control module) of light source with maintain in accordance with The reflected signal strength needed.For example, the intensity of light source can be reduced to avoid the output signal from photodetector saturated.Make For another example, it is possible to increase in the range of the intensity of light source is to maintain required output valve by the output signal from photodetector.Value Obtain it is noted that the active control of system can be via linearly or nonlinearly control method (such as, proportional-integral-differential (PID) Control, fixed step size control, predictability control, neutral net, delayed, etc.) realize, and it be also possible to use from device its Information that its sensor is derived (such as motion, skin pricktest response, etc.).Figure 11 A is provided to illustrate rather than these a little systems Embodiment is limited to the ADC that is such as integrated in MCU or uses MCU in this respect.Other embodiment may comprise use one Or multiple interiorly or exteriorly ADC, FPGA, ASIC, etc..

In another embodiment, the system with optics heart rate sensor may be incorporated into sampling and holding circuit (or equivalent) Use with turn off or decay light source with save power time maintain photodetector output.The phase of photodetector output wherein To changing in vital embodiment (such as, heart rate measurement), sampling and holding circuit can maintain the defeated of photodetector The accurate duplication gone out.In some cases, sample and keep can simplifying as such as diode (such as, Schottky diode) and electricity Container.The output of sampling and holding circuit can present to analogue signal regulation circuit (such as, sarin-base (Sallen-Key) band Bandpass filter, level shifter, and/or gain circuitry) to regulate and to amplify the signal in band of interest (such as, for the heart Dirty or respiratory function, 0.1Hz to 10Hz), it can then pass through ADC digital.See such as Figure 11 B.

In operation, such as those are opened up at the circuit of circuits described herein topology (such as sampling and holding circuit) Flutter DC and the low frequency component removing signal, and help parsing and heart rate and/or breathe relevant AC component.Embodiment also can comprise Analogue signal for variable gain setting regulates circuit, and it can be controlled to provide suitable signal (such as, unsaturated).Light The Performance Characteristics (such as, the climb rate and/or gain band width product) of source, photodetector and/or sampling and holding and power consumption Analogue signal regulation circuit can be significantly higher than circulate with the rapid operation realizing light source.In certain embodiments, it is provided that to light source And the power of photodetector can be individually controlled to provide excess power to save with the power being supplied to analogue signal regulation circuit. Alternatively or additionally, circuit can use and such as enable, disables and/or the functional power that realizes such as shutdown is saved.Real at another Execute in example, the output of photodetector and/or sampling and holding circuit can except analogue signal regulation circuit in addition to or substitute simulation Circuit for signal conditioning and be sampled controlling the light intensity of light source by ADC or physiological parameter that measurement is paid close attention to (such as, works as mould When plan circuit for signal conditioning is not yet stablized after changing light intensity and setting).It should be noted that because the physiology paid close attention to is believed The intrinsic resolution number being commonly angled relative to ADC is little, the most in certain embodiments, and the reference voltage of adjustable ADC and/or gain With enhancing signal quality and/or ADC can be carried out over sampling.In another embodiment, device can pass through such as over sampling, adjustment The reference voltage of ADC and/or gain or use high resolution A/D C and numeric only sampling and the output of holding circuit.See such as Figure 11 C.

PPG DC removes technology

In another embodiment, sensor device may be incorporated into difference amplifier to amplify relatively changing of the output of photodetector Become.See such as Figure 11 F.In certain embodiments, digital averaging or digital low-pass filtering letter can be deducted from the output of photodetector Number.This modified signal can then be exaggerated, and it is by ADC digital subsequently.In another embodiment, can take via such as using Sample and holding circuit and analogue signal regulate circuit and deduct from the output of photodetector and simulate average or analogue low pass filtering letter Number.The power being supplied to light source, photodetector and difference amplifier can be independent with the power being supplied to analogue signal regulation circuit Ground controls to improve power saving.

In another embodiment, (voltage or electric current, depend on particular sensor can to deduct a signal from original PPG signal Embodiment) to remove any biasing in original PPG signal, and therefore increase containing heart rate (or other loop parameter, such as Changes in heart rate) gain of PPG signal of information or amplify described PPG signal.This signal can be set to default value, base in the factory It is set to a value in particular skin reflexive, absorption and/or the color of user, and/or can be depending on from ambient light sensing Device feedback or depend on that the analysis of PPG signal self changes.For example, if it is determined that PPG signal has big DC skew, So can deduct constant voltage from PPG signal offset to remove DC and realize larger gain, therefore improve PPG signal quality.? In this example, DC skew can result from and arrive the ambient light of photoelectric detector (such as, from the sun or from room from PPG light source Intraoral illumination) or from the light of PPG source reflection.

In another embodiment, difference amplifier may be used to measure the difference between current and previous sample rather than each signal Value.Because the value of each sample is generally much bigger than the difference between each sample, so larger gain can be applied to Each measurement, therefore improves PPG signal quality.Can then integrate described signal to obtain original time domain signal.

In another embodiment, optical detector module may be incorporated into the transimpedance amplifier level with variable gain.This type of is joined Put can avoid or minimize because of bright ambient light and/or from light source launch bright light and saturated.For example, transimpedance is put The gain of big device can be by the rheostat in the negative feedback paths of transimpedance amplifier and/or one group of multiplexing resistor And automatically reduce.In certain embodiments, light by the intensity of light source carries out Modulation and Amplitude Modulation and then can be detected by device The output of device is demodulated (such as, synchronous detecting) and is incorporated to the few optics shielding from ambient light.See such as Figure 11 E.? In other side, if ambient light has enough brightness to obtain heart rate signal, then light source can reduce brightness and/or close completely Fall.

In another embodiment, use aforementioned processing technology with the physiological parameter of optical measurement user combinedly.See Such as Figure 11 G.This topology system can be allowed to operate with low-power measurement state and circuit topology (at where applicable) and optionally and Be suitable to higher-wattage measuring state and circuit topology.For example, system can maintain static user or use simulation during sitting Circuit for signal conditioning measures the physiological parameter (such as, heart rate) paid close attention to reduce power consumption, but direct when User Activity It is switched to the over sampling formula sampling to photodetector output.

During biometric monitoring arrangement comprises the embodiment of heart rate monitor wherein, process signal to obtain heart rate measurement Filtering and/or Signal Regulation, such as bandpass filtering (such as, Butterworth (Butterworth) filtering) can be comprised.For offsetting letter Contingent big transition and/or improve the convergence of described filtering in number, can use such as neutral net or the climb rate to limit Deng nonlinear method.Data (such as motion, skin pricktest response, skin temperature etc.) from the sensor on device may be used to adjust Whole used Signal Regulation method.Under specified operating conditions, can be by the number of the signal peak in time window be carried out Count or by utilizing the fundamental frequency of signal or second harmonic (such as, via fast fourier transform (FFT)) to measure use The heart rate at family.In other cases, the heart rate data such as obtained when user movement, can be to the signal extracted and spectral peak Value performs FFT, and it can be followed by by multiple target tracking device (it, continuing, merge and delete the tracking to described frequency spectrum) It is acted upon.In certain embodiments, motor message can be performed one group of similar operations, and output is used for movable discriminating (such as, sitting, walking, run, sleep, lie down, be seated, cycle, typewrite, the training of elliptical exercise, body weight), they are many in order to assist Target tracker.For example, with this information it is possible to determine user maintains static and have started to mobile.This information may be used to preferentially make tracking continue Continue and be partially deflected in increasing frequency.Similarly, movable descriminator can determine that user stops running or the most more slowly running, and this Information may be used to preferentially make tracking continue to be partially deflected in reducing frequency.Available single sweep or many scanning multiple target tracking device topologys Realize following the tracks of, such as JPDA tracker, multiple hypotheis tracking, immediate neighbor, etc..Can be via Kalman Wave filter, spline regression, particle filter, Interacting Multiple Model Algorithm etc. complete the estimation in tracker and prediction.Follow the tracks of Selector module can use the output trajectory from multiple spectra tracker and the heart rate of estimation user.Described estimation can be taken as maximum Probability track, the weighted sum etc. compareing the probability that it is heart rate of track.Additionally, movable descriminator can affect acquisition heart rate The selection estimated and/or fusion.For example, if user sleeps, is seated, lies down or sitting, then prior probability can The heart rate in 40 to 80bpm scopes can be partial to；And if user runs, jogs or carries out other strenuous exercise, then Prior probability may be partial to the heart rate of the rising in 90 to 180bpm scopes.The impact of movable descriminator can speed based on user Degree.When user does not moves, estimate to shift to the fundamental frequency (or being obtained completely) of signal by it.Can change based on instruction activity The criterion become selects the track corresponding to user's heart rate；For example, if user from maintain static start walking, then can be excellent First select the track of the explanation skew towards upper frequency.

The acquisition of good heart rate signal or can carry out wired with biometric monitoring arrangement via biometric monitoring arrangement Or the display on another device (such as, being equipped with the low-energy mobile phone of bluetooth) of radio communication is indicated to user.? In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise S meter, and it is by the pulse of the LED that can be inspected by user Represent.Pulse can be timed or relevant consistent with the heart beating with user.The intensity of LED, pulse rates and/or color can be through repairing Change or adjust to imply signal intensity.For example, relatively bright LED intensity can represent stronger signal or be in RGB LED Configuration, green LED can represent stronger signal.

In certain embodiments, can be by the signal energy (such as, quadratic sum) in the frequency band of such as 0.5Hz to 4Hz Determine the intensity of heart rate signal.In other embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can have and may be incorporated into or construction is to shell And/or strain gauge in belt, pressure transducer, force transducer, or other contact indication sensor (monitors dress at biometric Put those enforcements being attached to belt (such as wrist-watch, bracelet and/or arm straps) or pacifying with belt (it can be then secured to user) In example).Can be solely based on from the data of these touch sensors or combine and carry out signal calculated from the data of heart rate signal Quality metric (such as, heart rate signal quality).

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can via photodetector array (such as photodiode or The grid of CCD camera) monitor heart rate optically.Can via to the signature tracking of skin and/or use accelerometer and The Optical devices motion relative to skin is followed the tracks of in the adaptive motion correction of gyroscope.Detector array can with contact skin or From the distance that skin skew is little.Can actively control (such as, passing through motor) detector array and associated optics thereof with Maintain the stable image of target and obtain heart rate signal.The information from motion sensor (such as, gyroscope) or figure can be used As feature realizes this optical-mechanical stabilisation.In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use and illuminate skin Relevant or incoherent light source and photodetector array (each of which photoelectric detector with for comparing between adjacent detector Intensity (thus obtaining so-called spot pattern, it can use multiple image trace technology to be followed the tracks of, such as light stream, template Join, Edge track etc.) comparator be associated) implement relative motion and eliminate.In this embodiment, for the light of motion tracking Source may differ from the light source for optics heart rate monitor.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be by multiple photoelectric detectors of the surface distributed along device And luminous organ (photoemitter) composition, skin (that is, the skin of biometric monitoring arrangement of described device touching user Side).(see, such as, Fig. 2 A to 6A).For example, in the example of bracelet, can exist and be placed on along belt internal circumference Multiple photoelectric detectors in each site and luminous organ.(see, such as, Fig. 6 A).The heart rate signal matter being associated with each site Metric may be calculated to determine for estimating the optimal of user's heart rate or one group of optimal site.Subsequently, can disable or turn off institute Some in rheme point are such as to reduce power consumption.Device can periodically survey some or all in described site at Heart rate signal quality is to strengthen, to monitor and/or optimize signal and/or power efficiency.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise heart rate monitor system, and it comprises such as optics, sound Multiple sensors such as, pressure, electricity (such as, ECG or EKG) and motion, and merge from these sensors both or two Information more than person is to provide estimating and/or alleviating by the noise of exercise induced of heart rate.

In addition to heart rate monitor (or other biometric monitor) or substitute heart rate monitor (or other biometric monitors), In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff with sudden and violent based on optical condition tracking or detection ultraviolet light The time of dew, whole outdoor optical exposure and persistent period, the type of light source and the persistent period of light source and intensity, (fluorescent light was sudden and violent Dew, incandescent light expose, halogen, etc.), to TV exposure (based on light type and flicker speed), user still exists in indoor Outdoor, time of day and position.In one embodiment, ultraviolet light detecting sensors can be by the reverse bias being driven to photodetector LED emitter forms.For example, the feature of photoelectric current that thus detector produces may be in measuring the electric capacity of LED and (or substitutes Ground, parallel capacitance) discharge the time spent.

All optical pickocffs discussed herein can use in conjunction with other sensor to improve data as described above Detection or in order to strengthen the detection of other type of physiology or environmental data.

In the case of biometric monitoring arrangement comprises audio frequency or passive acoustic sensor, device can contain one or more Passive acoustic sensor, its detection sound and pressure and can be including but not limited to mike, piezoelectric film etc..Acoustic sensor can be pacified Put on one or more side of device, comprise touching or towards the side (skin side) of skin and the side (ring of Environment Oriented Side, border).

Skin side acoustics or audio sensor can detect any kind of sound sent via health, and these a little sensors Can arrange as the array of noise when both the power consumptions optimizing these a little sensors or pattern.These sensors can detect and exhale Inhale (such as, by listening attentively to lung), Breathiness (such as, breathe, snore) and problem (such as, sleep apnea, etc.), heart rate The voice (sound via sending through health from vocal cords) of (listening attentively to heart beating), user.

The biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can comprise skin pricktest response (GSR) circuit to measure the skin pair of user Emotion and physical stimulation or the response of physiological change (such as, the transformation of Sleep stages).In certain embodiments, biometric prison View apparatus can be wrist or arm peace formula device, and its belt being incorporated to be made up of conductive rubber or fabric is so that skin pricktest rings Answer electrode can be hidden in belt.Because skin pricktest response circuit can suffer from changing temperature and environmental condition, so It also can comprise the circuit realizing automatically calibrating, such as with application on human skin/electrode path in parallel or series two or two The most changeable reference resistor, it allows the measurement in real time to known resistance device to characterize the response of skin pricktest response circuit. Reference resistor can be switched on and off so that can be independently and/or with the resistance of application on human skin simultaneously to it in measuring route Measure.

For performing the circuit of PPG

PPG circuit can be optimized to obtain best quality signal, and independent of multiple environmental condition, including but not limited to fortune Dynamic, ambient light and the colour of skin.Circuits below and technology may be used to perform this and optimize (see Figure 16 A to 16J)；

-can be used for sampling and holding circuit and the difference/instrument amplifier of PPG sensing.Output signal is with reference to given Amplified difference between the current and previous sample of voltage.

-in order to " to bias " controlled current source of electric current in the precompensation of transimpedance amplifier.This allows to amplify in transimpedance Larger gain is applied at device level.

-it is used for being applied to sampling and the holding circuit of the current feedback of photodiode (before transimpedance amplifier). This can be used for ambient light and removes, or " biasing " electric current removes, or is used as pseudo-differential amplifier (may need double track).

-there is difference/instrument amplifier that ambient light eliminates.

The photodiode of the electric current that-compensation is dynamically produced by DAC.

The photodiode of the electric current that-compensation is dynamically produced by controlled voltage source.

-use the ambient light of " switched capacitor " method to remove.

The photoelectricity two of the electric current (also can be completed by constant voltage source and resistor) that-compensation is produced by constant current source Pole is managed.

-ambient light removes and differencing between continuous sample.

Figure 16 A explanation can be used for the sampling of PPG sensing and the example signal of holding circuit and difference/instrument amplifier Figure.Output signal in this type of circuit can be with reference to the amplified difference between current sample and the previous sample of given voltage.

Figure 16 B explanation uses controlled current source " to bias " the PPG sensor of electric current in the precompensation of transimpedance amplifier The example schematic of circuit.This allows to apply larger gain at transimpedance amplifier level.

Figure 16 C explanation is used for being applied to photodiode (across resistance for use sampling and the holding circuit of PPG sensor Before anti-amplifier) the example schematic of circuit of current feedback.This circuit can be used for ambient light and removes, or " biasing " electric current Remove, or be used as pseudo-differential amplifier.

Filed in 28 days February in 2014 No. 61/946,439 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is discussed in greater detail and relates to Using various circuit and the concept of the heart rate measurement of PPG sensor, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is previously at " related application The cross reference of case " part is incorporated by reference, and relative to the heart rate measurement carried out with PPG sensor and use In perform this type of measure (such as) to compensate that sensor is saturated, ambient light and the circuit of the colour of skin, method and system content again It is incorporated by reference herein.

Biometric feeds back

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can provide a user with feedback based on one or more biometric signal. In one embodiment, PPG signal can as real-time or close to real-time waveform on the display of biometric monitoring arrangement (or on the display of the auxiliary device communicated with described biometric monitoring arrangement) presents to user.This waveform can provide with The feedback that display waveform on ECG or EKG machine is similar.May be used to estimate various cardiac measure (such as, except providing a user with Heart rate) PPG signal instruction outside, described waveform may also provide feedback, and described feedback can allow users to optimize it and wear Wear position and the pressure of biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, user is it can be seen that waveform has short arc.In response to this, use Family can attempt to move to provide by the position of biometric monitoring arrangement the diverse location of higher amplitudes signal.Some embodiment party In case, indicating based on this, biometric monitoring arrangement can provide instructions to user and monitor dress with mobile or adjustment biometric The fit put is to improve signal quality.

In another embodiment, the matter about PPG signal can be provided a user with via the method being different from display waveform The feedback of amount.If signal quality (such as signal to noise ratio) exceedes a certain threshold value, then biometric monitoring arrangement can send audition Report to the police (such as buzzer).Visual cues (such as, via using display) can be supplied to user by biometric monitoring arrangement The pressure of position and/or increase wearable device to change sensor (such as, passes through in the case of device is worn in wrist Tension wrist strap).

Biometric feedback can be provided for the sensor being different from PPG sensor.For example, if device uses ECG, EMG or be connected to the device of any one performing in these, then it can provide a user with about from those sensors The feedback of waveform.If the signal to noise ratio of these sensors is low or signal quality is impaired because of other reason, then may indicate that use Family its how can improve described signal.For example, if heart rate can not be detected from ECG sensor, then device can to Family provides visual message, indicates its moistening or ECG electrode of getting wet to improve signal.

Environmental sensor

Some embodiments of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use in following environmental sensor, some Or all come such as to obtain environmental data, comprise the environmental data summarized in the following table.These a little biometric monitoring arrangements do not limit In number or the type of the sensor hereafter specified, and can use and obtain other sensor of the environmental data of general introduction in following table. Environmental sensor and/or all combinations of environmental data and arrange set falling within the scope of the present invention.Additionally, device can be from right Induction sensor output data derive environmental data, but are not limited to its environmental data type that can derive from described sensor.

It should be noted that the embodiment of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use environmentally sensitive as herein described One or many person in device or one or many person in biosensor whole and as herein described or whole.It practice, the present invention Biometric monitoring arrangement can use any sensor that is currently known or that develop after a while obtain environmental data as herein described and In physiological data any one or all, it is the most set falls within the scope of the present invention.

In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise the height being such as placed in or being positioned within crust of the device Degree flowmeter sensor.(see, such as, Figure 12 B and 12C；Figure 12 C explanation has biosensor, environmental sensor and is connected to process The example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the position sensor of device).In the case, crust of the device can have ventilation Mouthful, it allows device internal measurement, detects, samples and/or experience any change of external pressure.In one embodiment, logical Air port can prevent water from entering device, simultaneously facilitates the change via altimeter sensor measurement, detection and/or sampling pressure.Lift For example, the outer surface of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise vent type configuration or framework (such as, Gore^TMVent), It allows surrounding air to move in and out the shell of device, and (it allows altimeter sensor measurement, detection and/or sampling pressure Change), but reduce, prevent and/or minimize water and other liquid flow in the shell of device.

In one embodiment, altimeter sensor can be with gel-filled, and described gel allows sensor to experience at gel Outside pressure change.Gel may act as the most impermeable, incompressible and flexible barrier film, and external pressure is changed by it It is transmitted into altimeter and is physically separated altimeter (and other intraware) and external environment condition simultaneously.Use gel-filled altimeter The environmental conservation of higher level can be given to device in the case of using or do not use environmental sealing vent.Device can be solidifying Glue packed height meter has relatively high viability in the case of being in the position including but not limited to following position (survivability rate): there is the position of high humility, washing machine, dish-washing machine, dryer, vaporium or sauna chamber, pouring Bath, pond, bathtub and device are likely to be exposed at dampness, are exposed to liquid or any position being immersed in liquid.

Sensor integration/signal processing

Some embodiments of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use from two or more sensors Data be calculated as follows the corresponding physiology seen in table or environmental data (such as, use combinedly from two or two with The data of upper sensor determine the tolerance of the tolerance being such as listed herein below).Biometric monitoring arrangement can be including but not limited to The number of the sensor hereafter specified, type or combination.Additionally, these a little biometric monitoring arrangements can combine from respective sensor Derive the data that comprised, but be not limited to the number of data or the type that can go out from respective sensor combination calculation.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement also can comprise near-field communication (NFC) receiver/transmitter with inspection Measure the proximity of another devices such as such as mobile phone.When make biometric monitoring arrangement close to the second device or reach with During the detected nearness of the second device, it can trigger and start new functionalized (such as, startup on mobile phone on the second device " application program " and make the physiological data radio synchronization from described device to the second device).(see, such as, Figure 10).Real On border, the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can implement U.S. Provisional Patent Application case 61/ filed in 5 days March in 2012 606,559 (" near field communication system and operational approach (Near Field Communication System, and Method Of Operating Same) ", inventor: James Parker (James Park), its content for this this purpose to quote Mode is incorporated herein) described in and/or explanation circuit and technology in any one.

Figure 10 illustrates to have on it example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of bicycle application program, described voluntarily Car application program can show bicycle speed and/or the step of pedal and other tolerance.Whenever biometric monitoring arrangement During close to passive or active NFC labelling, described application program can be started.This NFC labelling could attach to the handlebar of user.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise position sensor (such as, GPS circuitry) and heart rate passes Sensor (such as, photoelectricity volume diagram circuit) is to produce GPS or location dependent data and heart rate related data respectively.(see, such as, Figure 12 B and 12C).Biometric monitoring arrangement can then merge, process and/or combine the number from the two sensor/circuit The most such as determine according to physiological data (such as, heart rate, anxiety, level of activation, amount of sleep and/or calorie are taken in), phase Close and/or " mapping " geographic region.In this way, the recognizable increase of biometric monitoring arrangement or reduction can measure user metric The geographic region of (taking in including but not limited to heart rate, anxiety, level of activation, amount of sleep and/or calorie).

Additionally or alternati, some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use GPS related data and photoelectricity volume Figure related data (it should be noted that each of which person is regarded as data stream) comes according to level of activation (such as, as passed through The acceleration of user, speed, position and/or travel distance (as measured by GPS and/or determining from GPS related data) are come really Fixed) determine the heart rate of user or make it be correlated with.(see, such as, Figure 12 B and 12C).Herein, in one embodiment, can for The heart rate become with speed " is marked and drawed " at family, or described data can be analyzed to varying level, including but not limited to sleep, tranquillization, for a long time Seat, moderately active, activity, and high activity.

It practice, some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement also can make GPS related data and predetermined geographic locality (tool Have the activity associated there for one group of predetermined condition) data base be correlated with.For example, activity determines and corresponding physiology Classification (such as, heart rate classification) can comprise makes the GPS coordinate of user (corresponding to exercise device, health club and/or gymnasium Position) relevant to physiological data.In these cases, can automatically measure and show the use during such as gymnasium body-building Family heart rate.It should be noted that many physiological classifications can based on GPS related data, comprise position, acceleration, height above sea level, away from From and/or speed.This type of data base comprises geodata, and can compile, physiology data and/or store it in biometer On amount monitoring arrangement and/or external computing device.It practice, in one embodiment, himself positional number of user creatable According to storehouse or interpolation or location revision data base, preferably to classify, it is movable.

In another embodiment, user can wear multiple biometric monitoring arrangement simultaneously and (has feature as herein described In any one).The biometric monitoring arrangement of this embodiment can use wired or wireless circuit to communicate with one another or fill with long-range Put communication, be the most otherwise likely difficult to calculate or calculate inaccurate biometric or physiology quality or amount to calculate, Such as pulsation conduction time.The use of multiple sensors also can improve biometric measure accuracy and/or degree of accuracy make it It is better than accuracy and/or the degree of accuracy of single sensor.For example, waist, wrist and ankle have biometric with Track device can improve the detection (than the situation of the single assembly in the only one in those positions) taking a step user.Permissible Distributed or centralized approach follows the tracks of execution signal processing on device at biometric to be had than the situation of single assembly to provide The measurement improved.Also can remotely perform this signal processing and after the treatment pass on return to biometric follow the tracks of device.

In another embodiment, heart rate or other biometric data can be made to be related to the food daily record of user, and (user takes the photograph Food, its nutritional contents and the daily record of part thereof taken).Food journal entries can automatically key in food daily record or can be by user Itself via with biometric monitoring arrangement (or the auxiliary that communicate with biometric monitoring arrangement or remote-control device, such as intelligent Phone, or some other devices, such as server communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement) mutual and key in.About user The information of the biometric reaction that one or more food is inputted by health can present to user.For example, if user drinks coffee Coffee, then its heart rate is likely to be due to coffee thus rises.In another example, the bigger portion of food if the user while the late into the night takes food Point, then it may take longer for falling asleep than usual.Food in biometric inputs any group with corresponding result Conjunction is incorporated in this type of feedback system.

The fusion of food intake data and biometric data also can make some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement The glucose level of user can be estimated.This may be particularly useful for the user suffering from diabetes.By relating to Portugal The activity (such as walking, running, caloric burn) of grape sugar level and user and the algorithm of nutrition intake, biometric monitors dress Put and can advise when it is likely to be of abnormal blood sugar level to user.

Process task delegation

The embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise one or more processor.For example, stand-alone utility Processor may be used to storage and execution utilizes and (processed by one or more sensor processor and pass from physiology, environment and/or activity The processor of the data of sensor) application program of sensing data that obtains and process.There are the feelings of multiple sensor wherein Under condition, it is also possible to there is multiple sensor processor.Application processor also can have the sensor being directly connected to it.Pass Sensor and application processor can exist as independent discrete chip or be present in identical encapsulated chip (multi-core).Dress Put and can have single application processor, or application processor and sensor processor, or multiple application program processes Device and sensor processor.

In one embodiment, sensor processor can be placed in the daughter board being made up of all simulated assemblies (daughterboard) on.This plate can have some in the electronic device being commonly found on main PCB, such as but not limited to across Impedance amplifier, filter circuit, horizontal shift device, sampling and holding circuit and micro controller unit.This type of configuration can allow son Card connects via use numeral and non-analog connects (in addition to the electric power or grounding connection of any necessity) and is connected to main PCB.Numeral connects and can have and be better than the multiple advantage that analog submodule card connects to main PCB, including but not limited to noise reduction And the reduction of necessity cable number.Daughter board can be connected to mainboard via using flexible cable or one group of wire.

Multiple application programs are storable in application processor.Application program can by for described application program can Actuating code and data composition, but it is not limited to these.Data can be by the figure performed needed for described application program or out of Memory group Become, and it can be the information output produced by application program.All can be resident for both the executable code of application program and data In application processor (or the memorizer being incorporated in), or the data being used for application program can store from external memory storage And retrieval.External memory storage can be deposited including but not limited to the flash memory on nand flash memory, NOR flash memory, another processor, other solid-state Storage device, machinery or optical disc, RAM, etc..

Executable code for application program is also storable in external memory storage.Hold when application processor receives During the request of row application program, described application processor can from external memory retrieval executable code and/or data and Perform described executable code and/or data.Described executable code can temporarily or permanently be stored in depositing of application processor On reservoir or storage device.This allows application program next should to perform request and be more quickly performed, because eliminating retrieval step Suddenly.When request performs application program, application processor can retrieve all executable codes or the executable code of application program Part.In the case of the latter, only retrieve in the executable code part needed at that time.This allows to perform to process than application program The memorizer of device or the big application program of storage device.

Application processor also can have memory protection feature to prevent application program from overriding, destroy, interrupt, blocking Or otherwise disturb other assembly of other application program, sensing system, application processor or system.

Application program can be machine-processed (including but not limited to USB, Wi-Fi, indigo plant via multiple wired, wireless, optics or electric capacity Tooth, bluetooth are low-yield, NFC, RFID, purple honeybee) be loaded on application processor and/or any external memory.

Application program can also be used with electronic signature and cryptographically signs.Application program can be performed restriction by application processor In those people with correct signature.

The system integration in biometric monitoring arrangement

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, in biometric monitoring arrangement or some sensors or electricity Subsystem the most integrated maybe can share assembly or resource.For example, for the photoelectric detector (example of optics heart rate sensor No. 61/946,439 U.S. as can be used for applying on February 28th, 2014 and being previously incorporated herein by reference is interim In the heart rate sensor discussed in patent application case), can also act as the photoelectric detector for determining ambient light level, such as May be used to correct the ambient light impact on heart rate sensor reading.For example, if being used for the light source of this type of heart rate detector Turn off, then the light measured by described photoelectric detector may indicate that the amount of existing ambient light.

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can use such as optics heart rate The vehicle-mounted optical pickocff such as the assembly in monitor is configured or is communicated.For example, optics heart rate sensor (or, If it does, ambient light sensor) photoelectric detector can also act as optical emitting channel (such as infrared communication) Receptor.

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, can comprise hybrid antenna, a combination thereof radio-frequency antenna is (such as Bluetooth antenna or gps antenna) and inductive loop (such as can be used in near-field communication (NFC) labelling or inductive charging system).At this In a little embodiments, the functional of two different systems may be provided in an integrated system, thus saves encapsulation volume.At this In class hybrid antenna, inductive loop can be placed to the irradiator close proximity to inverted-F antenna.Described inductive loop can be inductively Couple with irradiator, thus allow described inductive loop to serve as the flat elements of antenna for radio frequency purpose, thus formed the most flat Smooth inverted-F antenna.Meanwhile, inductive loop also can serve its normal function, such as via with the electromagnetic field produced by NFC reader Inductive and provide NFC chip by electric current.The example of these a little hybrid antenna systems was discussed in more detail in March, 2014 In 61/948th, No. 470 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case filed in 5 days, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is previously " to phase Close the cross reference of application case " part is incorporated herein by reference and the most hereby about at hybrid antenna structure The content pointed out and be herein incorporated by reference.Certainly, these a little hybrid antennas can be additionally used in and are different from biometric monitoring arrangement Other electronic installation in, and hybrid antenna this type of non-biometric monitoring arrangement use contain within the scope of the invention.

The method of wearable device

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise shell, and its size and shape promote to monitor biometric Device is being fixed to the health of user during often operation, wherein said device when being coupled to user immeasurably or substantially Ground affects the activity of user.Described biometric monitoring arrangement can be depending on the specific biography being integrated in biometric monitoring arrangement Sensor encapsulation and user will want the data obtained to wear by different way.

User can be by using belt (its be flexibility and be the most easily fitted to user) and by the biometer of the present invention Some embodiments of amount monitoring arrangement are worn on its wrist or ankle (or arm or lower limb).Described belt can have adjustable full circle In week, it is therefore allowed to be fitted to user.Described belt can be formed by the material construction shunk when being exposed to heat, therefore allows user Set up the adaptation of customization.Described belt can be from " electronic device " partial dismantling of biometric monitoring arrangement and if desired can be more Change.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be made up of two primary clusterings: main body is (containing " electronics device Part ") and belt (promotion attaches a device to user).Described main body can comprise shell (such as by plastics or plastic-like material system Become) and from the prominent extension protuberance (being such as made up of metal or metal-like material) of main body.(see, such as, Fig. 2 C to 3C).Institute Stating belt (being such as made up) of thermoplasticity amido formate can the most mechanically or adherent fashion is attached to health.Described band Son can extend a part from the circumference of user's wrist.The far-end of amido formate belt can be with Velcro or shackle elastic fabric Belt (encompass on side D-ring and then attachment return to self) connect.In this embodiment, closing means can allow to use Family ad infinitum carries out belt length adjustment (be different from index hole and mechanical snap is closed).Velcro or elastic fabric can allow It is replaced (such as, if it was worn before the useful end of life of device or the most undesirably wears Wear) mode be attached to belt.In one embodiment, Velcro or fabric can be by screw or rivet and/or glue, bondings Agent and/or buckle are attached to belt.

The embodiment of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can be integrated into and be worn on necklace, pectoral girdle, medicated bra, adhesion In property sticking patch, glass, earing or toestraps of yacht (toe band).These a little biometric monitoring arrangements can be the most built-in: passes The part of sensor encapsulation/biometric monitoring arrangement is removable and can be including but not limited to those listed above mode Any number of mode wear.

In another embodiment, the embodiment of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can clip to dress through wearing Or leave in clothes (such as, pocket) or ornament (such as, handbag, knapsack, wallet).Because these a little biometrics monitor Device can be not close to the skin of user, so in the embodiment comprising heart rate measurement, manually can be put by device by user In AD HOC (such as, by pressing the button, cover capacitive touch sensor with finger tip, etc., be likely to be of be embedded in by Heart rate sensor in button/sensor) and in discrete, " by demand " context or automatically (once device is placed on by user (such as, finger is applied to optics heart rate sensor) on skin) obtain and measure.

User interface with device

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise for allowing locally or remotely mutual with device One or more method functional.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can pass on data via character display with visual manner.This The physical embodiments of display can use any one or more Display Techniques, including but not limited to one or many in the following Person: LED, LCD, AMOLED, electric ink, clear Display Technique, pictorial displays, and other Display Technique, such as TN, HTN, STN, FSTN, TFT, IPS and OLET.This display can be illustrated on device this locality obtain or storage data maybe can show from The data that other device or Internet service remotely obtain.Biometric monitoring arrangement can use sensor, and (such as, ambient light passes Sensor " ALS ") control or adjust the amount (if use backlight) of screen backlight.For example, in poorly lit situation, display Device adjustable dark is to save battery life, and in bright lighting context, display brightness can increase so that its be easier to by User reads.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use the monochromatic or multi-colored led state indicating device.Raw The state that thing metering monitoring arrangement can use LED to indicate including but not limited to biometric states such as such as hearts rate or such as can pass Enter message or reached the Application Status of target etc..These states can be opened or closed by the color of LED, LED and (or be in centre Intensity), the pulse (and/or its speed) of LED and/or indicate from the light intensity pattern being completely turned off maximum brightness.One In individual embodiment, stage and the frequency of LED available subscribers heart rate modulate its intensity and/or color.

In certain embodiments, use electronic ink display display can be allowed to remain up and without nonreflective display The battery drain of device.This " normally opened " is functional can (wherein user can sweep biometric simply at such as wrist-watch application program Monitoring arrangement is to see the time) in the case of pleasant Consumer's Experience is provided.Electronic ink display shows content all the time And the battery life of uncompromising device, thus user is allowed to see the time (as it is on conventional wristwatch).

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use the light such as such as LED (to pass through to the heart rate showing user The amplitude of the light that modulation sends with the frequency of user's heart rate).Described device can via the color (such as, green, red) of LED or The a succession of LED (such as, progress bar) lighted according to the change of heart rate describe heart rate district (such as, aerobic, anaerobism, Deng).Biometric monitoring arrangement can be integrated or be incorporated in another device or the structure of such as glass or protective eye lens, or and glass Or protective eye lens communication is to be shown to user by this information.

Information also can be conveyed to user via the physical motion of device by some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement.Thing This type of embodiment of the method for reason ground mobile device is for using vibration induction motor.Device can the most multiple its Its exercise induced technology uses the method.

In some embodiments, information can be conveyed to user via audible feedback by biometric monitoring arrangement.Citing For, the speaker in biometric monitoring arrangement can pass on letter via using audio tones, voice, song or other sound Breath.

In the various embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, these three information communicating method (vision, motion and audition ) can individually or with each other or pass on any combination of another method for conveying of any one or more following information to make With:

● user needs to wake up up at special time

● user should wake up up at which when a certain Sleep stages

● user should fall asleep sometime

● user should at which in a certain Sleep stages and be in by user intend to wake up the earliest and latest time delimit Preselected time window in time wake up up.

● receive Email

● user's inertia reaches the cycle sometime.It should be noted that this can with such as calendar of conference or sleep with Other application program of track application program is integrated to plan, to simplify or adjust the behavior that inertia is reminded.

● user's activity reaches the cycle sometime

● user has appointment or calendar event

● user has reached a certain activity metric

● user has walked about a certain distance

● user has reached a certain mileage

● user has reached a certain speed

● user has accumulated and has reached a certain height above sea level

● user has walked a certain step number

● user has carried out heart rate measurement the most

● user's heart rate has reached certain level

● user has for particular value or normal, the movable or resting heart rate in particular range

● the heart rate of user has been enter into or exits a certain target zone or training center

● user has new heart rate " district " target to be reached, in said case for living for run, cycle, swimming etc. The heart rate district of dynamic training

● user has swum an one way or complete the one way of a certain number in pond

● it is arbitrary that external device (ED) has in the information needing to convey to user, the most incoming call or above prompting Person

● user has reached a certain tired target or the limit.In one embodiment, can respond via heart rate, skin pricktest, The combination of motion sensor and/or breath data determines fatigue

Thering is provided these examples to illustrate that and be not intended to restriction can be by these a little embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement Pass on the scope of the information of (such as, to user).Note, in order to determine whether that the data meeting alert condition can be from first device And/or one or more auxiliary device obtains.Biometric monitoring arrangement self can be determined whether to have met the criterion for reminding Or condition.Or, the calculating device (such as, server and/or mobile phone) communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that When should remind.In view of the present invention, those skilled in the art is it is contemplated that biometric monitoring arrangement can convey to use The out of Memory at family.For example, when meeting target, biometric monitoring arrangement can be with telex network.Meet this target Criterion can be based on the environmental sensor on physiology, context and first device and/or from its of one or more auxiliary device Its sensing data.Can be set by the user or by biometric monitoring arrangement self and/or can lead to biometric monitoring arrangement Another of letter calculates device (such as, server) target setting.In an example embodiment, when meeting biometric target, Biometric monitoring arrangement can vibrate.

Some embodiments of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can be equipped with wireless and/or wire communication circuit with reality Time ground on auxiliary device video data.For example, these a little biometric monitoring arrangements can via bluetooth low-yield with Mobile phone communications is to give the user the Real-time Feedback of heart rate, changes in heart rate and/or anxiety.These a little biometrics monitor dress Put and can train or permit " moment " that user breathes with the ad hoc fashion (such as by carrying out deep and slow respiration) of keeping tensions down. Anxiety can be quantified or come via the change of heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin temperature, motor activity data and/or skin pricktest response Assessed.

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can connect from user via one or more Local or Remote input method Receive input.This kind of embodiment for local user's input can use a sensor or one group of sensor the movement of user to be turned Translate the order of twin installation.This bit motion can comprise but can be not limited to touch by, rotate wrist, bend one or more muscle, and pendulum Arm.Another user input method can be via using button, such as but not limited to capacitive touch button, capacitive screen button And mechanical button.In one embodiment, user interface buttons can be made of metal.Screen uses capacitance touch inspection wherein Survey embodiment in, its can sample all the time and be ready to any posture or input are responded and without getting involved event, such as Promote physical button.These a little biometric monitoring arrangements also can input via using voice command.All these input sides Method can be in this locality be integrated into biometric monitoring arrangement or be integrated into can be via wired or wireless connection and these a little biometrics In the remote-control device of monitoring arrangement communication.Additionally, user is also possible to handle biometric monitoring arrangement via remote-control device. In one embodiment, this remote-control device can have Internet Connectivity.

Alarm

In certain embodiments, the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention may act as wrist peace formula vibration alarm with peace Geostationary user is waken up up from sleep.These a little biometric monitoring arrangements can be via heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, fortune Innervation is surveyed the one in (such as, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer) and skin temperature or combination and is followed the tracks of the sleep matter of user Amount, wake-up period, sleep delay, Sleep efficiency, Sleep stages (such as, deep sleep and REM), and/or other sleep degree of association Amount.User may specify required time of fire alarming or time window (such as, setting alarm to sound) at 7 in the morning and 8 a.m..These are a little Embodiment can use one or many person in sleep tolerance to determine in window annunciator Best Times to wake up user up.An enforcement In example, when vibration alarm activity, user can by device, (it be such as via the motion-sensing in device by bouncing or touching Device, pressure/force sensor and/or capacitive touch sensor and detect) and cause its retire or turn off.An embodiment In, device can start small vibration by the time at specific user's Sleep stages or before alarm settings and attempt in sleep The best time in cycle wakes user.It can be along with user be towards awakening or being gradually increased vibration towards alarm settings progress Intensity or explicitly.(see, such as, Fig. 8).

Fig. 8 illustrated example portable biometric measures the functional of monitoring arrangement intelligent alarm feature.Biometric monitors dress Put to detect and can detect the Sleep stages of user or the state (device of (such as, shallow or deep sleep) or can be with described device Communication.User can set its time window hope waken up (such as, 6:15 in the morning to 6:45 in the morning).Intelligent alarm can be by user During window annunciator, enter sleeping state and trigger.

Biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to allow user to select or creates its warning vibration mode selected.User Can " doze off " or delayed alarm event.In one embodiment, user can set the delay for " dozing off " feature Amount: described delay is to report to the police the time quantum before again sounding.It is also possible to set every alarm cycle and can activate and beat The number of times of doze feature.For example, user may select 5 minutes doze off postpone and be 3 maximum doze off continuously number.Therefore, It can press doze off 3 times with when every time pressing is dozed off with delayed alarm for it by presignal delay 5 minutes.At this in a little embodiments, Dozing off the 4th time if user attempts pressing, function of dozing off will not turn off warning.

Some biometric monitoring arrangements can have the calendar about user and/or the information of scheduling.The calendar letter of user Breath can directly key in biometric monitoring arrangement or it can be downloaded from different device (such as smart phone).This information may be used to certainly Set warning or warning characteristic dynamicly.For example, if the user while to have a meeting in the morning 9, then biometric monitoring arrangement Can automatically the morning 7:30 wake up up user with allow user have enough time prepare and/or arrive meeting.Biometric monitors Device can current location based on user, the position of meeting and from the current location of user arrive meeting position will take for time The area of a room determines the time quantum needed for user's preliminary conference.Or, can use and arrive conference location about user and/or prepare Send out and go to time that meeting spent the history number of (such as, it is waken up in the morning, has a shower, the time spent such as has breakfast) Wake up user up according to determining when.Similar functionality can be used for being different from the calendar event of meeting, such as when eating time, sleep Between, nap time and exercise time.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can use and want the information when fallen asleep to determine about user When warning should sound to wake up user up.This information can supplement calendar information as herein described.User can have its every night or The target of hourage of substantially sleeping desired weekly.Biometric monitoring arrangement can by morning alarm settings in appropriate time with User is made to meet these sleep targets.In addition to user is in desired every night length of one's sleep amount, user also can set other Sleep target can including but not limited to user sleep time experience deep sleep, REM sleep and hypohyphnotic amount, all these can The most when warning is set in order to determine by biometric monitoring arrangement.Additionally, can when it should go up night prompting user Bed sleep is to meet its sleep target.Additionally, can remind user when it should take a nap to meet its sleep target in the daytime.Remind Its time that should take a nap of user can be by optimizing the factor of user's sleep quality during nap, follow-up nap or nighttime sleep Determine.For example, if the user while nap in early morning, then user may have rigid time of sleep at night.Also may be used Suggestion user eats some food or beverage or avoids some food or beverage to optimize its sleep quality.For example, may not User is encouraged to drink when close to its bedtime, because ethanol may reduce its sleep quality.Also can advise that user performs certain Some movable or avoid some activity to optimize its sleep quality.For example, user may be encouraged to change in the afternoon performing physical exercise Its sleep quality kind.User may not be encouraged to perform physical exercise when close to its bedtime or see that TV is to improve its sleep matter Amount.

User interface with auxiliary device

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement data and/or order can be transmitted into auxiliary electronic device and/ Or receive data and/or order from auxiliary electronic device.Auxiliary electronic device can monitor dress with biometric directly or indirectly Put communication.Direct communication in this article refers to data and launches between first device and auxiliary device and do not have dress in the middle of any Put.For example, two devices can communicate with one another via wireless connections (such as bluetooth) or wired connection (such as USB).Indirectly Communication refers to that (it relays described number to data by means of one or more centres the 3rd device between first device and auxiliary device According to) transmitting.3rd device can be including but not limited to wireless repeater (such as, WiFi transponder), calculating device, such as intelligence Phone, laptop computer, desktop or tablet PC, mobile phone tower, computer server and the electronic device of other networking. For example, biometric device can transmit data to smart phone, and described smart phone is via cellular network data even Connect the server forwarded said data to via Internet connection to described cellular network.

In certain embodiments, the auxiliary device of the user interface acting as biometric monitoring arrangement can be by smart phone Composition.Application program on smart phone can promote and/or make smart phone to potentially act as biometric monitoring arrangement User interface.Biometric monitoring arrangement can in real time or have some postpone in the case of by biometric and other data It is sent to smart phone.One or more order can in real time or be sent to raw having in the case of some postpone by smart phone Thing metering monitoring arrangement is such as to indicate it that biometric and other data are sent to smart phone.For example, if used Family enters in the application and follows the tracks of the pattern run, then smart phone can send commands to biometric device with instruction It sends data in real time.Therefore, user lingeringly can follow the tracks of its running when it advances without any on its application program.

This type of smart phone can have one or more application program and enable a user to examine from its biometric device Depending on data.Described application program can be opened to " instrument board " page acquiescently when user starts or opens described application program. On this page, such as total step number, climbed number of floor levels, traveling mileage, the calory count of burning, the calorie of consumption can be shown The summary of the data amounts such as the water of number and consumption.Also can show that other coherence messages, such as application program monitor from biometric Device receives the final time of data, about the tolerance of sleep at previous night, (such as, when user falls asleep, wakes up and sleep Time), and user can take food how many calories to maintain its calorie of target (such as, it is achieved the calorie of fat-reducing is red on the same day Word target).User can select by these and other measure in which be illustrated on Dashboard screen.User can be These and other tolerance a few days ago is seen on instrument board.It can be accessed by the button on pressing touch screen or icon A few days ago.Or, the posture such as stir the most to the left or to the right and can allow users to the current and prior tolerance of guide to visitors.

Smart phone application program also can have another page of the summary providing User Activity.Activity can comprise but not limit In walking, run, cycle, cook, be seated, work, swim, go on business, weight lifting, on and off duty and Yoga.Relevant with these activities Tolerance can be presented on this page.For example, bar diagram can show the step number (example that user's different piece on the same day is walked As, within every 5 minutes or every 1 hour, walk how many steps).In another example, can show that user is performing cost in a certain activity Time quantum and at this moment between the cycle has burnt how many calories.Being similar to the instrument board page, application program can provide guide to visitors merit Energy property checks these and other tolerance of days past with permission user.When also can select the least by user, minute, week, the moon Or the cycle At All Other Times such as year allows it to inspect tendency and the tolerance of its activity in shorter or bigger time span.

Smart phone application program also can have in order to user to have eaten interface that be maybe logged by by the food eaten.This connects Mouth can have keyword search feature to allow user to rapidly find out the food in its hope its daily record of key entry.As search food Replacement scheme or in addition, user can find out food to be logged by by guide to visitors menu or a series of menu Thing.For example, the optional following series classification of user: breakfast/frumentum/health/oatmeal is logged by arrive its hope Food (such as, the oatmeal of apple taste).At any one in these menus, user can be able to carry out keyword and search Rope.For example, user can search for " oatmeal " to search in the classification of breakfast food after selecting classification " breakfast " Keyword " oatmeal ".After selecting its food hope being logged by, user can revise or to key in component big Little and nutrient content.After being logged by by least one food, application program can cycle (such as, sky) sometime The nutrient content of the summary of food that display is logged by and described food (indivedual and whole calorie contents, vitamin content, Sugar content, etc.).

Smart phone application program also can have display tolerance (such as, the body weight of user, the health fat about user's body Fat percentage ratio, BMI, and waistline size) the page.It can show show these tolerance in one or more sometime week One or more curve of trend in phase (such as, two weeks).When user can select the value of this time period and inspect previous Between the cycle (such as, last month).

Smart phone application program also can have permission user and key in user and consumed the page of how much water.Whenever user drinks During with some water, it can key in described amount by its unit selected (such as, ounce, cup, etc.).Application program can show that user exists The total amount of all water being logged by the cycle (such as, one day) sometime.Application program can allow user to check previously The water entry that is logged by and a few days ago and the daily amount on the same day.

Smart phone application program also can have the page of the online friend of display user.This " friend " page can make to use New friend (such as, by searching for its name or by its e-mail address) can be added or ask in family.This page also can show Show the ranking list (leaderboard) of user and friend thereof.User and friend thereof can carry out ranking based on one or more tolerance.Lift For example, the total step number that user and friend thereof can be used over seven days carries out ranking.

Smart phone application program also can have displaying about user's eve and/or the page of the tolerance of the sleep at former night Face.This page can further enable the user to be pass by when to sleep by specifying it when to go to bed and when to wake up It is logged by.User may also be able to about its subjective measure slept (such as, bad night's rest, good night's rest, Fabulous night's rest, etc.).User can the today of inspecting over or these tolerance of time cycle (such as, two weeks).Citing For, the sleep page can give tacit consent to the bar diagram showing that user measured in the length of one's sleep at each night of nearest two weeks.User is also possible to Enough inspect the bar diagram that user measures in the length of one's sleep at each night in nearest January.

User may also be able to via substituting or the complete energy of additional interface access smart phone application program as herein described Power (for instance, it is possible to key in food daily record, viewing instrument dash board, etc.).In one embodiment, this alternative interfaces can be by group of web Becoming, described webpage is by the trust server with biometric monitoring arrangement indirect communication.Described webpage can be via any the Internet Attachment means uses the programs such as such as web browser to access.

Wireless connectivity and data are launched

Some embodiments of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can comprise in order to send out from the Internet and/or other device Penetrate and receive the radio communication component of information.Radio communication can be by such as bluetooth, ANT, WLAN, electric lines of force networking and cell phone network Form Deng one or more interface.These are provided as example, and should not be construed as getting rid of other existing wireless communications method or agreement Or the wireless communication technology not yet invented or agreement.

Wireless connections can be two-way.Its data can be launched, pass on and/or be pushed to other by biometric monitoring arrangement Device, such as smart phone, computer, wait and/or the Internet, such as the webserver etc..Biometric monitoring arrangement also may be used Receive from other device and/or the Internet, ask and/or pull (pull) data.

Biometric monitoring arrangement may act as the communication being used for other device is provided each other or provided arriving the Internet Repeater.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be connected to the Internet and equipped with ANT radio via WLAN.ANT Device can be with biometric monitoring arrangement communication to be transmitted into the Internet via the WLAN of biometric monitoring arrangement by its data (and vice versa).As another example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with bluetooth.If having the intelligence of Bluetooth function Phone enters in the range of biometric monitoring arrangement, then biometric monitoring arrangement can be via the cell phone network of smart phone Transmit data to the Internet or receive data from the Internet.Data from another device also can be transmitted into biometric and monitor Device also stores (or vice versa as the same) or launches in the time after a while.

The embodiment of the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can comprise for transmit as a stream or launch Web content with Functional for show on biometric monitoring arrangement.It is below the representative instance of this content:

1. the heart rate by measurement device but remotely stored and/or the history curve of other data

2. by other measurement device and/or the user of remotely storage (such as, such as at such as the website of fitbit.com) Movable and/or consumed food and/or the history curve of dormant data

3. the history curve of other usertracking data remotely stored.Example comprises heart rate, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, blood Sugar level, cholesterol, see the persistent period of TV, the persistent period of playing video game, emotion, etc..

4. in heart rate based on user, Current body mass, weight targets, food intake, activity, sleep and other data Or the training of many persons and/or data of going on a diet.

5. the user towards heart rate, body weight, activity, sleep and/or other target is in progress.

6. the summary statistics of aforementioned data, figure, badge and/or tolerance (such as, " grade ") are described

7. between the aforementioned data of user and the class likelihood data of its " friend " with similar device and/or tracking Relatively

8. social content, such as, push away spy (Twitter) feeding, instant message and/or face book (Facebook) and update

9. other online content, such as newspaper article, constellation, weather report, RSS feeding, comic strip (comic), vertical Horizontal mosaic mystery, classified advertisement, stock report, and website

10. email message and calendar plan table

Biometric monitoring arrangement can be delivered the content to according to different contexts.For example, in the morning, can together with The dormant data display news in family eve and weather report.At night, general introduction every day of day's activities can be shown.

The various embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement as herein disclosed also can comprise and may be used to other device initial In functional NFC, RFID or other short-distance wireless communication circuit.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with NFC antenna is so that when user makes it with mobile phone close proximity, application program automatically opens on described mobile phone Dynamic.

There is provided these examples for explanation and the scope being not intended to limit the data can launched by device, receive or be shown Or any intermediate treatment that can occur during transmitting at this and showing.In view of the present invention/application program, the technology people of art Member is it is contemplated that streamable or other example of many of data via the transmission of biometric monitoring arrangement.

Charging and data are launched

Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use wired connection come for internal rechargeable batteries charging and/ Or transfer data to the such as host apparatus such as laptop computer or mobile phone.The reality relatively early discussed in being similar to the present invention Executing in an embodiment of example, biometric monitoring arrangement can use magnets to help user to be directed at by biometric monitoring arrangement To support or cable.Magnet magnetic field in support or cable and the magnet in device self can strategically orient to force Biometric monitoring arrangement and support or cable (or more particularly, the adapter on cable) autoregistration, and provide biology Metering monitoring arrangement keeps in the bracket or remains to the power of cable.Magnet also acts as launches purpose for charging or data Conductive junction point.In another embodiment, permanent magnet can be only used for support or cable side rather than biometric monitoring arrangement from Body.This can improve the performance of biometric monitoring arrangement in the case of biometric monitoring arrangement uses magnetometer.If There is magnet in biometric monitoring arrangement, then the high-intensity magnetic field of neighbouring permanent magnet may make to be more difficult to significantly make magnetometer accurate Really measure the magnetic field of the earth.At this in a little embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement may utilize ferrous iron material and replaces magnet, and props up Magnet on frame or cable side could attach to ferrous iron material.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can contain one or more in biometric monitoring arrangement main body Electromagnet.Charger or the support launched for charging and data also can contain electromagnet and/or permanent magnet.Biometric monitors Device only just can connect its electromagnet when it is close to charger or support.Biometric monitoring arrangement can be by using magnetic force Meter is searched the magnetic field signature of the permanent magnet in charger or support and is detected and support or the nearness of charger.Or, biological Metering monitoring arrangement can by measure from charger or the wireless signal of support received signal strength indicator (RSSI) or The NFC or the RFID marker that are associated with described charger or support by identification in some embodiments and connecing of charger detected Recency.When device need not charging, synchronize or but its completed to synchronize or during charging, can overturn electromagnet, thus produce from filling Cable or support repel the power of described device.In certain embodiments, charger or support can comprise electromagnet, and can be through joining Put (such as, the processor in charger or support can be configured) via programmed instruction to connect biometric monitoring arrangement (electromagnet can generally remain and connect so that the biometric being placed on charger monitors dress to connect electromagnet during for charging Put and be attracted against charger because of electromagnet, or electromagnet can keep turning off until charger determines by biometric prison View apparatus is placed on charger, such as via the NFC labelling completing charging circuit, pick out in biometric monitoring arrangement Deng, and be next turned on attracting biometric monitoring arrangement against charger.Charging complete (or data transmission completes, if The data that are actually charger transmit the charger/data of bracket or combination and transmit bracket) after, can at once turn off electromagnet (temporarily or until again detecting biometric monitoring arrangement being placed on charger), and biometric monitoring arrangement Can stop being attracted against charger.At this in a little embodiments, it may be necessary to orientation biometric monitoring arrangement and charger it Between interface so that in the case of there is not the magnetic force produced by electromagnet, biometric monitoring arrangement will fall from charger Fall or be otherwise displaced to visibly different position (visually to indicate to the user that charging or data pass from charge position Send).

Sensor during data transmit uses

In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise and can have different pieces of information emission rate and difference The communication interface of switching between two or more agreements of power consumption rate.This switching can be monitored dress by from biometric The data-driven that the various sensors put obtain.For example, if using bluetooth, then communication interface may be in response to based on coming The determination made from the data of the sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement and using bluetooth basic rate/enhancing data rate (BR/EDR) and switch between bluetooth low-yield (BLE) agreement.For example, when from the acceleration in biometric monitoring arrangement The sensing data instruction wearer of degree meter sleeping or otherwise sitting time, lower-wattage, slower BLE can be used to assist View.By contrast, when indicating wearer just to sashay from the sensing data of the accelerometer in biometric monitoring arrangement Time dynamic, higher-wattage, faster BR/EDR agreement can be used.This self-adapting data lift-off technology and functional be discussed further in In 61/948th, No. 468 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case filed in 5 days March in 2014, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is first Before be incorporated herein by reference and the most hereby about at biology in " cross reference to related application " part Measure the content pointed out at the self-adapting data transfer rate in monitoring arrangement and be herein incorporated by reference.

These a little communication interfaces can also act as the sensor of a kind of form for biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, Wireless communication interface can allow biometric monitoring arrangement to determine number and the class of device in the range of wireless communication interface Type.These data may be used to determine biometric monitoring arrangement whether in specific context, such as, indoor, in the car, Deng, and determine in response to this and change its behavior in every way.For example, such as the 61/948th, No. 468 US provisional patent Being discussed in application case (being above herein incorporated by reference), these a little contexts may be used to specific for radio communication of driving The selection of wireless communication protocol.

Configurable function of application

In certain embodiments, the biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can comprise wrist-watch sample form factor and/or bracelet, Arm decorations or ankletbangle form factor, and be programmed with providing particular functionality and/or " application program " of display customizing messages.Can lead to Cross the various ways (appearance detected including but not limited to pressing button, use capacitive touch sensor, execution by accelerometer Gesture, by GPS or the ad-hoc location of motion sensor senses or region, compression biological metering monitoring arrangement main body (thus move to The pressure signal that can be detected is produced by the altimeter within biometric monitoring arrangement inside device), or biometric is supervised View apparatus is located relatively close to the NFC labelling being associated with an application program or one group of application program) start or close application Program.Also by some environment or physiological condition (including but not limited to high heart rate being detected, using humidity sensor to detect Water (such as to start swimming application program), certain time of day are (such as to start sleep tracking application program, plane at night The pressure left or land and the change of kinetic characteristic are to start and " aircraft " the model application program of closedown) automatically trigger and open Move or close application program.Start also by meeting multiple condition simultaneously or close application program.For example, if added Velometer detects that user is just running and user presses button, then biometric monitoring arrangement can start podometer application journey Sequence, altimeter data collect application program and/or display.Wherein accelerometer detect swimming and user press identical by In the case of another of button, it can start swimming one way counting application program.

In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can have can by start swimming application program and start Swimming tracing mode.In this mode, motion sensor and/or the magnetometer of biometric monitoring arrangement may be used to detection swimming Appearance, classification stroke type, detection swimming one way, and other calculation of correlation, such as paddling efficiency, one-way time, speed, distance and Caloric burn.The direction change indicated by magnetometer may be used to detect multiple one way and turns round method.In a preferred embodiment, come The data of autokinesis sensor and/or pressure transducer may be used to detect paddling.

In another embodiment, can be by biometric monitoring arrangement being moved close to being positioned on bicycle, be positioned at certainly On the bearing of driving or in the position (including but not limited to cycle frame or bicycle storing facility) being associated with bicycle In NFC or RFID marker and start cycling application program.(see, such as, Figure 10).The application program started can use with logical The conventional calculation different with the algorithm of the tolerance of the height above sea level determined including but not limited to calorie, travel distance and the acquisition burnt Method.Also can detect that wireless bicycle sensor is (including but not limited to wheel detector, GPS, step sensor, or power Meter) time start application program.Biometric monitoring arrangement can then show and/or record from wireless bicycle sensor or from The data of driving sensor.

Additional application controls including but not limited to able to programme or customizable watch face, stopping viewing, music player Device (such as, MP3 player, remote controller), text message and/or Email display or notifying device, navigation guide pin, voluntarily Car computer display (when communicating with independent or integrated form GPS device, wheel detector or during energy meter), weight lifting tracker, Abdominal crunch tracker, chin-up tracker, resistance exercise form/body-building tracker, golf amplitude of oscillation analyzer, tennis (or other racket sports) amplitude of oscillation/service analyser, tennis game amplitude of oscillation detector, baseball amplitude of oscillation analyzer, analysis of delivering Device (such as, football, baseball), in a organized way physical activity intensity tracker (such as, football, baseball, basketball, tennis, rugby), Throw dish analyzer, sting food detector, typewriting analyzer, inclination sensor, sleep quality tracker, alarm clock, piezometer, tight Open/loosen biofeedback game (such as, to combine offer audition and/or visual cues potentially to use with training in relaxation training The mobile phone that family is breathed), tracker of brushing teeth, feed rate tracker (such as, count or follow the tracks of utensil and enter the mouth to carry out The in kind speed taken in and persistent period), operating motor vehicles is drunk or fitness indicator (such as, becomes via heart rate, heart rate Change, skin pricktest response, gait analysis, riddle, etc.), allergy tracker (such as, use skin pricktest response, heart rate, skin temperature Degree, pollen sensing etc. (may be in conjunction with from the former tracking of outside seasonal allergic of such as the Internet and may determine that user couple The response of the anaphylactogen (such as, pollen) of particular form, and remind the existence of these a little anaphylactogens of user, such as believe from seasonality Breath, in pollen track database, or biometric monitoring arrangement or the home environment sensor that used by user), fever with Track device (such as, measure fever, flu or the risk of Other diseases, show effect or be in progress, may be in conjunction with Seasonal Data, disease number The feedback provided according to storehouse, customer location and/or user assesses the diffusion of specified disease (such as, influenza) about user, and can Can point out or advise the restraining of work or activity as response), electronic game, caffeine affect tracker and (such as, monitor example Such as heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin pricktest response, skin temperature, blood pressure, anxiety, sleep and/or to coffee, tea, energy drink And/or the taking in or activity in the short-term of restraining or long-term response of other beverage containing caffeine), drug influence tracker (such as, being similar to previously mentioned caffeine tracker but intervene about other, whether it is medical treatment or lifestyle drug, Such as ethanol, Nicotiana tabacum L. etc.), endurance exercise training (such as, it is recommended that or point out intensity, persistent period or running/cyclings/swimming be good for The overview of body, or advise restraining or delay, the target specified according to user, such as marathon, iron-man triathlon or utilization of body-building From such as history exercise activity (such as, run distance, stride), heart rate, changes in heart rate, health/disease/anxiety/fever shape The target of the data customization of state), body weight and/or health composition, blood glucose, food intake or calorie balance tracker (such as, to User notifies that it can consume how many calories to maintain or to realize certain body weight), podometer, and fingernail biting detector.In some feelings Under condition, application program can only rely upon process power and the sensor of the present invention.In other cases, application program can merge or Only show from an external device (ED) or one group of external device (ED) (including but not limited to heart rate bandage, GPS range tracking element, health group Become meter (body composition scale), blood pressure monitor, blood glucose monitor, wrist-watch, intelligent watch, such as smart phone Or the mobile communications device such as tablet PC, or server) information.

In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can control the music player on auxiliary device.Controllable The aspect of music player is including but not limited to selection, F.F. or the retrogressing (skipping of volume, song and/or playlist Forward or backward), the fasting forward or rewinding, the speed of song, and music player equalizer of song.Can be through Inputted by user or automatically control music player based on physiology, environment or context data.For example, user can By selecting song select and play the song on its smart phone via the user interface on biometric monitoring arrangement.? In another example, biometric monitoring arrangement can level of activation based on user (from biometric monitoring arrangement sensing data Calculate described level of activation) automatically select suitable song.This may be used to help and excites user to maintain a certain level of activation.Citing For, if user persistently runs and wants to be maintained at by its heart rate in a certain scope, then biometric monitoring arrangement can be broadcast Put the cheerful and light-hearted or song (if the heart rate of user is less than its target zone) of fair speed.

Automatic function by the activity-triggered of user

Sleep stages Trigger Function

Can monitor that Sleep stages, such as heart rate, heart rate become via various biometric signal disclosed herein and method Change, body temperature, body kinematics, ambient light intensity, ambient noise level etc..Optical pickocff, motion sensor (acceleration can be used Meter, gyro sensor, etc.), that this is measured by mike and thermometer and (such as) other sensor discussed herein is a little Biometric.

Biometric monitoring arrangement also can have communication module, including but not limited to Wi-Fi (802.xx), bluetooth (classical, Low-power) or NFC.Once estimate Sleep stages, Sleep stages can be transmitted into and be wirelessly connected to that there is communication Cloud system, home server or the main control unit of the electrical equipment (by Wi-Fi, bluetooth or NFC) of function.Or, biological Metering monitoring arrangement directly can communicate with the electrical equipment with communication function.This electrical equipment a bit with communication function can wrap Containing such as kitchen electrical equipment, such as microwave oven, coffee grinder/maker, baking box etc..

Once Sleep stages indicates the time waken up close to user, and biometric monitoring arrangement just can send triggering item and arrive User has indicated that the electrical equipment that should be automatically brought into operation.For example, coffee grinder and maker can be caused to start from coffee, And baking box can be made to begin to warm up bread.Microwave oven also can be caused to start to cook oatmeal or egg, and electric kettle starts to heat up water. As long as preparing each several part rightly, this automatic signal can trigger breakfast cooking.

Remind detection

Prompting (the lowest prompting) can be made drowsy to people relevant, also can be described from biometric detection listed above Remind, and described prompting may be used to trigger the electrical equipments such as such as coffee maker and starts automatically to infuse coffee.

Hydration

The level of activation of user can be directly submitted to by portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement combining movement horizon tracker Cloud system, home server, main control unit or electrical equipment.This can trigger some actions of electrical equipment, especially with hydration Acting on relevant action, the ice cube such as starting refrigerator makes, or reduces the operation temperature of water purifier.

Power is saved

Many electrical equipments generally operate with the low-power power idle of power consumption.Use the biometric signal of user Aggregation information, can cause have communication function electrical equipment enter ultra low-power mode.For example, sleeping user or Go out work time, but the water dispenser in family self is closed to ultra low-power mode, and once prospective users activity at home, just Can begin to cool down/add hot water.

Restaurant recommendation system based on position and activity

The polymerization of real-time biological metering signal and positional information may be used to produce about one or more users to timing Between the valid supposition (such as ion beverage) of needs.Combine these needs speculated and about User Activity level, activity The historical use data of the food intake data that type, activity time and active duration and user are logged by, intelligence Application program on phone and/or intelligent watch can be recommended the life style meeting user and the restaurant being currently needed for.

For example, the user just having completed six miles of touring races can start this application program.Application program can know this person Within past one hour, maintained high level of activation, and thus determine that described people may dehydration.From historical use data, application program May also be aware of has too much vegetable in the meals of such as user but sugar is low.By consider the current location of user, Price Range and The optimized algorithm of other factors referred to above, application program can recommend such as to provide the restaurant of Sorbet (smoothie).

Swimming is followed the tracks of

In biometric follows the tracks of some embodiments of device, biometric is followed the tracks of can comprise swimming algorithm, and it may utilize From one or more motion sensor, altitude sensor (such as, barometric pressure sensor), orientation sensor (such as, magnetic Power meter), location-based service sensor (such as, GPS, radio triangulation) and/or the data of temperature sensor.Described sensor can Embed and pacify in the single assembly of such as wrist.In other embodiments, additional sensors device could attach to swimmer's Forehead, the rear portion of head, protective eye lens, the back of the body, hip, shoulder, thigh, lower limb and/or foot.

Three potential function components that swimming exercise is analyzed are as follows:

● paddling count detection provides the paddling counting of every one way, and wherein one way is defined as from the one end in pond on the contrary The unidirectional of end passes through.

● paddling classification of type describes the stroke type of user and (such as, crawls, breaststroke, backstroke, butterfly stroke, breathing arm, steps on Water (kicking without stroke), straight stroke (body streamline), etc.), and can be any one in the following Or combination:

A. the classification of each paddling that user uses

The classification of the main paddling type of the most each complete single trip use.

The paddling that the most each mark one way (freestyle swimming of such as 1/2nd one way, the breaststroke of 1/2nd one way) uses The classification of type

● the one way that user is passed by one way counting counts.The method determining one way is to be used by detection When family is turned round in pond.

Turn round the 180 degree of changes being defined as direction of advance.Detect turn round time, the beginning of deducibility one way and end. Before starting again at swimming, some place in pond (the most at one end or other at) suspends that (nothing is transported within the cycle sometime Dynamic) it is considered as turning round, as long as direction of advance subsequently is contrary with the direction of advance before time-out.

In certain embodiments, these function components can be combined in numerous modes.

Algorithm structure

Can successively, parallel or perform swimming exercise analysis with mixing order (some sequential block and the combination of some parallel frames) Described three function components.

Sequential grammar (see Figure 15 A)

In one embodiment, paddling detector algorithm can be first passed through and analyze original and/or pretreated sensor Signal.Paddling detector algorithm can use time peak value in motion sensor (such as, accelerometer, gyroscope), and (local is Big value and/or local minimum) as the instruction taking paddling.Then, one or more heuristic rules also can be applied to move Except the peak value being not offered as paddling.For example, the value of peak value, two the neighbouring time gaps of peak value, peak values shake to peak value The morphological character (such as, definition) of width and/or peak value may indicate that some peak value is not offered as paddling.When sensor provides one-dimensional During above data (such as 3 axis accelerometers, or 3 axis movement sensors+altimeter (amounting to 4 number of axle evidences)), it is contemplated that all Whether the sequential of the peak value on axle and sizes related are to be produced by paddling to determine the peak value on one or many person in described axle.

If observing the single peak value of expression paddling or a group peak value of the multiple data axles from expression paddling, then Can be from detecting that the data segments that previous peak and the time detecting between present peak value obtains extracts feature.Feature comprises But it is not limited to the ripple number in maximum and minima, section, power (such as, L1 power and the L2 measured in various tolerance Power, standard deviation, average), etc..The feature extracted can be then subjected to machine learning system, wherein calculated off line system Number (supervised learning) or when user uses biometric monitoring arrangement adaption systems coefficient (unsupervised learning).Machine learning system System can return paddling classification then for each paddling detected.

Turn round detector algorithm can by calculate derivative, rolling average and/or use to sensor, (described sensor comprises But be not limited in the present invention those listed sensors) the high-pass filtering of the signal unexpected change that comes in searching moving.Also may be used And/or alternatively signal is performed Principal Component Analysis (PCA).If a fundamental component is different from the next one, then can be true Surely generation is turned round.The such as coefficient all or in part of the conversion such as fast fourier transform (FFT) also is used as feature.It is also possible to use Such as oneself returns the parameter models such as (AR) model.Can be then used by linear prediction analysis (LPA), least means square (LMS), Recursive least-squares filtering (RLS) and/or Kalman Filter Estimation time-varying model parameter.Then compare the model parameter of estimation with Determine and whether its value exists change suddenly.

In one embodiment, skill level and/or swimming pattern (such as, speed) of swimmer can be from sensing data Inferred, and be then used in and turn round detection.For example, senior swimmer is generally of stronger paddling (that is, big adds Velometer peak magnitudes), and use less paddling to complete an one way.Therefore, skill level or the characteristic of swimmer are estimated Tolerance can be used for turning round detection algorithm.These tolerance can be including but not limited to mean motion signal or integrated in motor message Motor message, it is manifestly that, the arm of senior swimmer moves, estimates pace and detection pattern.Also can input via user Determine skill level or other characteristic of swimmer.For example, user can input it for senior, intermediate or abecedarian's swimming Person.

May be used to detect data-oriented sample and/or adjacent data from these analyzed the most (combination) feature Whether sample has is turned round characteristic.For obtaining the best of breed of feature and decision boundary, it is possible to use machine learning techniques, such as Logistic regression, decision tree, nerve net, etc..

In certain embodiments, if be detected that turn round, then swimming data increase from can summarizing and previously having turned round naturally, The number of such as paddling, for each paddling and for the paddling type of one way, split time, etc..If being not detected by turning round, The most renewable paddling enumerator and type.Unless user stops swimming, otherwise algorithm can return to paddling count detection.

Parallel method (see Figure 15 B)

In parallel method, some or all in three functional units can be performed in parallel.For example, can be jointly Perform paddling type detection and turn round detection, and operating independently from paddling count detection.

At this in a little embodiments, can detect at the same time and paddling type and the single algorithm turned round are implemented two function groups Part: paddling type and turn round detection.For example, stroke type (such as, detection freestyle swimming, breaststroke, backstroke, the movement of butterfly stroke Analyze) and turn round type (such as, flip turn (tumble turn), flip crawl turn (flip turn), two handss touch) Grader can return to detected paddling type or detected turns round type.During detecting, can extraction time and Spectrum signature.Moving window can be initially applied to multiple data axle.Can then calculate the statistic of this window section, i.e. maximum And the number of the ripple in minima, section, power (such as, L1 power and L2 power, the standard deviation of measurement in various tolerance Difference, average).Independent component analysis (ICA) and/or Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be applied equally to find preferably to represent Turn round any hiding signal of type and paddling similar properties.Then the calculating time can be represented from this (improving potentially) signal Feature.For temporal characteristics, various nonparametric filters solutions, low-pass filtering, bandpass filtering, high-pass filtering can be applied to strengthen Need characteristics of signals.

Also the spectrum analyses such as such as FFT, wavelet transformation, Hilbert (Hilbert) conversion can be applied to this through windowing Section.Conversion coefficient may be selected to be feature all or in part.(oneself returns can to use such as AR, rolling average (MA) or ARMA And rolling average) parameter model of model, and can be via auto-correlation and/or partial auto correlation or LPA, LMS, RLS or Kalman Wave filter finds the parameter of this class model.Estimated coefficient completely or partially can be used as feature.

The rolling average window of different length can parallel running, and provide feature listed above, and also can be by described feature All or part of be used as feature.

Then machine acquistion coefficient (supervised learning) can be applied to these extracted features.Can train and be then used by one Or multiple machine learning techniques, i.e. multiple layers (such as, logistic regression) of binomial linear discriminant analysis, multinomial logic are returned Return, nerve net, decision tree/forest or support vector machine.

Along with the window paid close attention to moves, feature can be extracted, and the feature of these new extractions will be returned via machine learning system Return paddling type or turning round of detecting.

Paddling detector algorithm can independent of paddling type and turn round detection and parallel running.Can be examined by heuristic rules Survey and select the time peak value of original or prefiltered sensor signal.

Algorithm the summary stage (in the described stage, it may be determined that, show and/or store about swimming tolerance), can After-treatment applications in described sequence paddling type and is turned round detection.If confirming to turn round with a certain confidence level, then can be together with Detected paddling counting is summarized from the swimming metric data previously turned round.Turn round if unconfirmed, then rolling average Window can proceed with.Until user stop swimming, algorithm can continue update about user exercise swimming tolerance, comprise but not Paddling in the sum that is limited to turn round, the sum of one way, the sum of paddling, the average paddling number of every one way, last one way Number, the change of every one way paddling number, etc..

Mixed method (see Figure 15 C and 15D)

In mixed method, paddling type and paddling count detection can be run concurrently, be followed by turning round detection.

Paddling type detection can return paddling type via the coefficient of machine learning.The sensing that first moving window is desirable The fragment of device signal.Can extract feature subsequently, or the whole feature of moving window feature listed herein or Subset.The off-line of machine learning coefficient, training can be applied to described feature subsequently to determine which paddling type produces sensing The given fragment of device signal.

Paddling count detection simultaneously can be run together with paddling type detection.

Paddling type and counting once detected, can perform to turn round inspection by the subset of cited whole feature or feature Survey.

If be detected that turn round, then the record that completes that can enclose is summed up in tolerance in the swimming of user.Can be by rear mistake The paddling type that journey is applied to detect is to determine the most prominent paddling type of completed circle.Algorithm is movable to draw subsequently Dynamic type and count detection stage, unless user stops swimming.If being not detected by turning round, then described algorithm can continue to update When paddling type and the counting of front ring, until detecting and turning round.

Blood sugar level and heart rate

The biometric monitoring arrangement measuring biometric signal continuously can provide sick front situation, progress about disease And the meaningful information recovered.These a little biometric monitoring arrangements can have sensor and correspondingly run algorithm to measure also Calculate biometric signal, such as heart rate, heart rate variability, the step number carried out, the calorie burnt, advanced away from From, body weight and body fat, activity intensity, active duration and frequency etc..In addition to measured biometric signal, Customer-furnished food intake record can be used.

In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement Observable heart rate and change over time thereof, especially at food Before thing absorption event and afterwards.Known heart rate is affected by blood sugar level, and it is well known that elevated blood glucose levels is diabetes Pre-occlusion condition.Therefore, can find out, via statistical regression, time (after food intake) and the blood sugar level that description is passed Between the mathematical model of relation, wherein collect data to provide corresponding from normal condition, prediabetes and diabetic individual Mathematical model.By described mathematical model, can predict that the individuality with specific heart is the most healthy, prediabetes Or suffer from diabetes.

Be realised that the many heart failure being associated with prediabetes or diabetic conditions, it is possible to be based further on using The biometric data at family informs the possible heart failure of these a little risks, such as coronary disease to the user of biometric monitoring arrangement Disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease etc..

The exercise policy recommended can also be used (such as, American Heart Association to provide when forming mathematical model Policy (http://www.heart.org/)) consider the activity intensity of user, type, persistent period and frequency, using as control The independent variable of " probability " of the outbreak of disease.Many policies about nutrition and Weight management can also be used for science and for typically The public is with prevention cardiovascular disease and diabetes.These a little policies can be collectively incorporated into number with the user data accumulated over time Learn in model, the composition of the food that described user data for example, user consumes and body weight and body obesity trend.

If user is storing and is showing that its kinsfolk is set as its friend by the social network sites of biometric data, The most also can analyze kinsfolk obtain the probability of disease and inform result to user.

In addition to inform the latency development of disease to user, by comprising exercise regime and can have more healthy composition And the life style recommended of the menu of transmission method is supplied to user.

Grocery store's shopping, culinary art and the unification of food record

Grocery store's tissue and menu identification system

Receipt from grocery store's shopping can be containing abundant information, especially with respect to individual dietary habit.For example, Present from the information of grocery store's receipt and the individual biometric number such as collected by biometric monitoring arrangement herein According to the innovative system being combined.Described system can collect and analyze about individual data (information), and can recommend subsequently can Change individual life style to improve the option of their health status.The enforcement of this system can relate to cloud computing, for The hardware platform exploitation of sensing and interface and movement/Website development.

In one embodiment, when user checks out in grocery store, can be by grocery store's list (as from receipt or (such as) Obtain from email receipt or invoice) automatically it is transmitted into remote data base (such as, Cloud Server), described remote data base Also the biometric data of user can be stored.When as user to family and organizing project in their refrigerator and/or pantry, he Smart phone/wrist-watch on application can recommend based on the historical data about food item to abandon in pantry or refrigerator Which project (such as, maybe may go bad if food item is expired).Instruction food is out of date or should consume in a short time Fall to avoid the prompting of corruption can be automatically transmitted to user independent of this type of interaction.For example, a certain whenever meeting During threshold value (such as, at milk by expired two days), just these promptings can be issued to user.Also by except passing through intelligence Prompting is sent to user by the means outside energy phone/wrist-watch.For example, network interface can be passed through, by Email, logical Cross on laptop computer, tablet PC, desktop PC, or with maintain and/or analyze food database computer Directly or indirectly described prompting is presented to user by the prompting on other electronic installation any of communication.

By using the updated list of food item and history food consumption data based on user, described application can be by User recommended by menu.In one embodiment, can be (such as, expired at it, rotten or become to project that use should first be eaten Before more stale than other composition) menu give priority.In order to recommend to balance in nutrition, correctly distribute and according to user's Movable and the optimal menu decided, the activity data of user also can be also analyzed in described application.For example, if the user while morning Weight lifting, then high-protein diet can be recommended.In another example, if user is not the most movable, then menu can be reduced Size to reduce the caloric number that contains of final meals.

It should be noted that and can be applied to these strategies share identical food and/or multiple users of meals.For example, Can be one family's food database of creating combination so that if a member in family obtains egg and family from grocery store In another member obtain milk, then both egg and milk will represent in food database.Similarly, nutrition preference (such as, vegetarian, to some food allergy etc.), movable, basal metabolic rate and total caloric burn can be used for forming alignment Standby and/or buy the recommendation of what food/menu.

Biometric signal including (but not limited to) heart rate and heart rate variability can provide the precondition to disease Instruction.This information can be used for recommending user to buy, consume and/or prepare certain food, in order to reduces it and suffers from it and have shape in advance The risk of the disease of condition.For example, if user has the precondition of cardiac problems, then it can recommend them to buy more Many vegetable, consume less fat-containing food, and to need the method for less oil (such as, not deep-fried) to prepare food.

Control " intelligent appliance "

In another embodiment, various household electrical appliances can all possess Wi-Fi function, and can be with server communication.Due to application (it can be connected to described household electrical appliances via (such as) cloud or the Internet) may be known refrigerator and contain which food item, so institute State application and can reduce or raise the temperature of refrigerator with refrigerator communication with based food project.For example, if numerous food product Project is more sensitive to cold, such as vegetable, then can instruct refrigerator and rises high-temperature.Described application also can be also via bluetooth, BTLE Or NFC directly communicates with refrigerator.

Food record

Described application be also based on grocery store's Shopping List (its can (such as) be in described application maintain list) with And the food menu recommended of described application and the project of the food being recorded as user is provided.(such as, cold at the meals cooked in advance Freeze meal) or in the case of need not the agricultural product of any further process before eating, user can simply enter their meal Dish size (or user in the case of eating whole meals, user is perhaps without input food size) and will complete subsequently to eat Product record.Owing to grocery store's list or menu provide definite brand and the labelling of some food, so can will seek more accurately Foster information recorded in the account of user.

When user record passes through the food item cooked in accordance with the menu proposed by application, described application can be from one-tenth Divide and cooking process calculates nutritional information.This can provide and take the photograph calorie more accurately than the simple tissue of end product/meals The estimation entered, because many menus exist to prepare certain types of food, such as, can make with medicated beer, turkey, Carnis Sus domestica etc. The meat ball of Italian noodle, and described meat ball can comprise carbohydrate in various degree.

The sports metering using sensor device obtains

In certain embodiments, sensor can be arranged on the rackets such as such as tennis racket, thus contribute to measuring player Different paddlings.This is applicable to the motion of great majority (if not all) racket, claps wall including (but not limited to) tennis, short net Ball, squash, table tennis, shuttlecock, lacrosse etc., and the motion played with bat such as baseball, softball, cricket etc..Also can make The different aspect of golf is measured by similar technology.Such device may be installed on the bottom of racket, on handle or leads to Often it is arranged on the shock absorber on cord.This device can have various sensor, such as accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetic force Meter, strain transducer and/or mike.Data from these sensors can be locally stored or be wirelessly transmitted to Intelligent electric Host computer system in words or other wireless receiver.

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, comprise accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, mike etc. Wrist installing type biometric monitoring arrangement can perform the similar analysis user being played or moves.This biometric monitors Device can take the form of wrist-watch or other belt being worn in the wrist of user.Measurement or detection bat or racket can be used And clashing into the moment and these data be wirelessly transmitted to racket or the ball of wrist installing type biometric monitoring arrangement between ball Rod installing type sensor can be used for improving the accuracy of these a little algorithms by accurately measuring the collision time with ball.

Wrist and racket/bat installing type device can help to measure the different aspect of the game of user, comprise (but do not limit In) paddling type (forehand, strike back, serve a ball, tiltedly hit), the number of forehand, the number of counterattack, ball direction of rotation, upper rotation, service hundred Proportion by subtraction, the angular velocity of racket head, recoil, hit energy, impact concordance etc..Mike or strain transducer can be used as adding The supplementary moment identifying ball impact racket/bat of velometer.In cricket and baseball, such device can be measured recoil, hit The angular velocity of bat when hitting, offside to the impact number on lower limb side (baseball).Can also measure swing and lose the number of ball with And the number that defence is to attack paddling.Such device can also have wireless transmitter to be transmitted in real time by this statistical data Scoreboard or be transmitted into the individual device held by spectators.

Wrist or racket installing type device can have a small amount of button (such as, two), and it can be used to indicate that by player When tennis wins or when the error of unforced occurs.This using allow algorithm calculate winner and as forehand to counterattack non- The mark of the error of being forced to property.Described algorithm also can follow the tracks of the number to double fault of the ace in tennis.As Really two players use this type of system, then described system also can automatically follow the tracks of score.

ECG based on cyclist's shank

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, the electrode contacted with left hand can be used and contact with the right hand Electrode (such as, ECG heart rate measurement) monitor the heart rate of user.Because needing user to catch tentacle shank by bike Either side, so this specific activities is suited well for using ECG technology to follow the tracks of user's heart rate.By electrode is embedded in hands In shank or handlebar handle or tape, when user holds handlebar, just can measure the heart rate of user.For having handle Bicycle (contrary with using handlebar tape), electrode can be incorporated into and can be used for replacing existing handle (such as, the most not Conduction factory install handle) special handle in.Left handle and right handle may be electrically connected to (such as) and use electric wire to survey The electronic device of amount ECG signal.In the case of handlebar self-conductive, handlebar can be used for electrically connecting the one in handle To the electronic device measuring ECG signal.The electronic device measuring ECG signal is incorporated in the one or both in handle.Or Person, the electronic device measuring ECG signal can be located in single shell.In one embodiment, this single shell can be installed In cyclist's shank or handle.It can have function and sensor (such as, the speed biography that typical bicycle computer has Sensor, step sensor, GPS sensor).It also can have atypical sensor, such as air velocity transducer, GSR sensor And acceierometer sensor (being also incorporated into potentially in handlebar).This embodiment can use technology described in the present invention Calculate activity metric, including (but not limited to) caloric burn, and these tolerance are transmitted into two grades and three stage arrangement (examples As, smart phone and server).

The electrode of ECG is incorporated in the part of bicycle or accessory rather than is incorporated into handle tape and handlebar is held In, such as, it is incorporated in glove, brake cover, brake lever, or handlebar self.These electrodes or extra electrode can be used Measure GSR, body fat and hydration using supplementing or substituting as heart rate.In an example, can use and be sewn on hands Conductive filament (as ECG electrode) in the handle tape installed in shank measures the heart rate of user.Handle tape electrode May be connected to central authorities' bicycle computer unit, described central authorities bicycle computer unit contains electronic device to measure GSR, water Cooperation is used and/or heart rate.Biometric monitoring arrangement can show this information over the display.If the hydration of user or the heart Rate exceedes a certain threshold value, then can remind user drink more, drink less, increase intensity or reduce intensity.At bicycle meter In the case of the one or both in GSR, hydration or heart rate only measured by calculation machine, algorithm can be used to estimate directly to survey The tolerance of amount.For example, if biometric monitoring arrangement only can measure heart rate and duration of exercise, then can use The combination of heart rate and duration of exercise is estimated hydration and reminds user when user should drink water.Similarly, can make Use to remind when user should eat or drink thing (such as, sports drink) in addition to water with heart rate and duration of exercise Family.

Indirect measurement is estimated

Bicycle computer generally measures multiple tolerance, including (but not limited to) speed, step, power and wind speed.Just The formula monitoring arrangement of taking do not measure these tolerance or not with can be capable of supply that these devices measured communicate in the case of, institute can be used State the portable biometric metering sensor that has of monitoring arrangement to infer that these and other is measured.In one embodiment, described Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can measure heart rate.It can use this measured value to infer/estimate the power of user's positive output Amount.Other tolerance such as the age of such as user, height and body weight can help to inform dynamometry value.Such as GPS measures Speed, height above sea level increase/reduce, bicycle posture (to measure inclination or the gradient on slope), and accelerometer signal single-candidate Outer sensing data can be used for informing that power is estimated further.In one embodiment, heart rate and power can be used to export it Between the relation of approximately linear calculate the power output of user.

In one embodiment, from portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement and baseline can be used as user during calibrating But in the case of the secondary device (such as energy meter) not used in the time after a while obtains data, calibration phase can occur.This can Allow to determine the pass between the sensing data measured by portable monitoring device and the sensing data measured by secondary device System.Calculate by secondary device but the data that clearly do not provided by biometric monitoring arrangement when there is not secondary device subsequently During estimated value, this relation can be used.

Based on movable Automatic dispatching

In one embodiment, can the information in calendar based on user (or Email or text message) come for user The traveling dispatching every day requires (working is come off duty, between meeting), and target is to meet daily routines target or long term activity of earthquake mesh Mark.The historical data that can use user helps to plan meet target and also have required both transit times.This feature can With friend or colleague's combination.Described scheduling can so complete so that user can meet with friend on the road that its walking is gone to work, or Na Tiaolu meets with colleague and carries out meeting (but user may need to set meeting point).If the biometric user monitors There is real-time Communication for Power between device and the friend of user, the data if from the biometric monitoring arrangement of friend indicate them Friend run later, then the route that bootable user's walking is longer.

In another embodiment, can (completely or partially) nearness based on user and user to user advise walking/ Running/healthy route.For these data recommended a bit also can or extraly based on the GPS information from other users.If deposited In real-time Communication for Power, then the busy route of preference or quiet route can be directed the user to.Be realised that the heart about other users Rate and basic health and fitness information can allow one route of system recommendations to mate health level and the desired exercise/effort water of user Flat.This information can be re-used for planning to user/guiding the activity/health objectives of longer-term.

Position/background sensing and application

By one or more method, the embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement disclosed herein has can determine that or estimates The position of meter biometric monitoring arrangement or the sensor of background (such as, in bus, at home, in the car).Can make Use dedicated location sensor, such as GPS, GLONASS or other GNSS (GLONASS) sensor.Or, cocoa The sensor using lower accuracy is inferred, is estimated or guess position.It is difficult to know some enforcements of the position of user wherein In example, user's input can assist position and/or the background determining user.For example, if sensing data makes it difficult to really Determining user is in the car or in bus, then biometric monitoring arrangement or communicate just with biometric monitoring arrangement Portable electronic apparatus or inquiry can be presented to user with the Cloud Server of biometric monitoring arrangement communication, thus ask user they Ride in a bus today or by bus.Similar inquiry can be carried out for the position in addition to vehicle context.For example, as Really sensing data instruction user completes strenuous exercise, but there is not instruction user and go to the position data in body-building shop, then Can ask user whether they have gone to body-building shop today.

Vehicle transport detects

In certain embodiments, can use biometric monitoring arrangement sensor and/or with biometric monitoring arrangement The portable electron device of communication and/or determine that user or once exists with the Cloud Server of biometric monitoring arrangement communication In what kind of vehicle (if there is).It should be noted that in the examples below, communicate at one or more biometric monitoring arrangement And/or the sensor in portable electron device can be used for sensing coherent signal.It shall yet further be noted that and can make use-case in the following description Such as the specific network protocols such as WiFi or bluetooth, it be also possible to use one or more substituting association such as such as RFID, NFC or cellular phone etc. View.

In one embodiment, the detection to the blue-tooth device being associated with vehicle can be used to infer that user is at vehicle In.For example, user can have the automobile having bluetooth multimedia system.When user with their automobile close enough also During the long enough cycle, sensor device can identification multimedia system bluetooth recognition and assume user at automobile In.The data from other sensor can be used to confirm user's hypothesis in vehicle.Can use from other sensor Data or signal confirm that user's example in the car comprises the GPS velocity measured value higher than 30mph and as at automobile In the accelerometer signal of characteristic.The intrinsic information of bluetooth ID can be used for determining that it is the Wi-Fi router of vehicle or vehicle Type.For example, bluetooth ID of the router in automobile can be " Audi's car inner multimedia ".Keyword " Audi " or " car " can For guessing that router is associated with type of vehicle " automobile ".Or, bluetooth ID and the data of vehicle being associated thereof can be used Storehouse.

In one embodiment, can be by the user of biometric monitoring arrangement or next by portable communication appts data Create or update bluetooth ID and the data base of vehicle being associated thereof.This and/or can not use under the auxiliary of user's input Complete under the auxiliary of family input.In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that it is whether in vehicle, car Type or particular vehicle and do not use bluetooth ID and its run into bluetooth ID moved together with vehicle, then it can be by bluetooth ID Central database it is sent to being bluetooth ID corresponding with vehicle by catalog classification with the information about vehicle.Or, if The input of user's previously time point about they or the information of vehicle the most wherein and exist and indicate them once to exist user Bluetooth ID run into during during time in described vehicle or close to the described time, then bluetooth ID and information of vehicles can be sent To central database and be associated with each other.

In another embodiment, the detection to the Wi-Fi device being associated with vehicle can be used to infer that user is at that In vehicle or type of vehicle.Some trains, bus, aircraft, automobile and other vehicle have Wi-Fi router wherein. Can detect and use the SSID of router to infer or assist deduction user in particular vehicle or type of vehicle.

In one embodiment, can create with the user of biometric monitoring arrangement or by portable communication appts data Build or update SSID and the data base of vehicle being associated thereof.This can user input auxiliary under and/or do not having user defeated Complete under the auxiliary entered.In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that it is whether in vehicle, vehicle class Type or particular vehicle and do not use SSID and its run into the SSID moved together with vehicle, then biometric monitoring arrangement can be by SSID is sent to central database being the SSID corresponding with vehicle by catalog classification with the information about vehicle.Or, as Really the input of user's previously time point about they or the information of vehicle the most wherein and exist and indicate them once user The SSID run into during during time in described vehicle or close to the described time, then SSID and information of vehicles can be sent to Central database and being associated with each other.

In another embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement, position sensor can be used to determine the track of user.With After this track can be compared from the data base of the route being used for different passage mode.Passage mode can be including (but not limited to) Walking, running, by bike, drive, ride in a bus, by train, take advantage of tramcar, take the subway, and/or by motorcycle.If The track of user is the most corresponding with the route of special pass pattern, then may be assumed that user pass through that described route spent time Between once used described passage mode during the cycle.It should be noted that the speed of the section of route or route can be improved current mould The conjecture of formula.For example, bus and automobile both can use same routes, but the volume that bus is at bus station Outer stop can allow device to determine, and user once rode in a bus rather than automobile.Similarly, by bike with drive through a road Differentiation between line can be assisted by the typical differences of described speed between the two.This speed difference may also depend upon day Time.For example, some routes can be slower due to automobile during peak period.

In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement the measurement in magnetic field based on vehicle can detect user and exist In vehicle or at du vehicule.In certain embodiments, it be also possible to use generally be associated with vehicle position (such as, railway station, Subway station, bus stop, garage) magnetic field signature infer user currently, will or in vehicle.Magnetic field signature can be Non-time-varying or time-varying.

If it is determined that user the most actually in time period in vehicle, then can revise about other of user Tolerance is to reflect state.Step number, the institute such as carried out can be measured at biometric monitoring arrangement and/or portable electron device In the case of the activity metric such as walking or the distance run, the height above sea level climbed and/or the calorie that burnt, can based on about The information that vehicle is advanced revises these tolerance.If in user's period any carried out step number or climbed in vehicle Height above sea level is by record improperly, then can remove it from the record of the tolerance about user.Also can be from the tolerance about user The tolerance that record removes the step number from carried out recorded improperly or the height above sea level climbed is derived, such as advanced away from From with the calorie burnt.In the case of can determining that user is whether in vehicle in real time or near real-time, inspection can be closed Survey not should in vehicle time the sensor of tolerance (such as, the step number carried out or the stair climbed) measured, or can close Close the algorithm for measuring these tolerance, thus prevent the tolerance (and saving electric power) recorded improperly.It should be noted that and can remember Record use about vehicle tolerance (such as, the type of the vehicle taken advantage of, the time taken advantage of, take any bar route, and route spend How long) and being later used to these data and/or correction other movable and physiological measurements about user is presented to user.

Use the position sensing of bluetooth

Biometric monitoring arrangement it be also possible to use the method being similar to method as described above to determine when user connects Nearly static position.In one embodiment, bluetooth ID from the computer (such as, tablet PC) at restaurant or shop can For determining the position of user.In another embodiment, half from portable communication appts (such as, smart phone) can be used Fixing bluetooth ID determines the position of user.In the case of semifixed bluetooth ID source, it may be desired to multiple bluetooths ID reach to use The acceptable level of confidence of the position at family.For example, the data base of bluetooth ID of the colleague of user can be created.If used Family was positioned in the range of the some persons in these bluetooths ID during the typical working time, then may be assumed that user is in work. It is also possible to use the detection to other bluetooth ID and record when two users meet by chance.For example, can be by analyzing pedometer number Determine that user goes out to go jogging together with another user according to bluetooth ID.These similar a little concepts are filed in 5 days March in 2014 61/948th, No. 468 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is discussed in further detail, and previously with respect to this little concepts to quote Mode is incorporated to.

The uncertain tolerance of location-based GPS

When sensor signal is merged with gps signal with estimated information biometric (such as, step number, pace of life, speed Degree, or the path of route) time, the quality of gps signal has informedness the most very much.It is well known, however, that gps signal quality is time-varying , and to affect the one in the factor of signal quality be surrounding.

Positional information can be used to estimate gps signal quality.Server can the map of memory area type, wherein by disliking Number and the kind of changing the object of gps signal predefine area type.Described type can be for example: building district Territory, small building object area, open area, by aqua region and wood land.When GPS sensor is opened, can be with number before it Individual location estimation (its expection is more rough and incorrect) inquires these area types.Estimated by the coarse GPS of position, can return Return possible area type, and these area types can be considered when calculating gps signal q&r subsequently.

For example, if the user while in urban canyons (by the region of high constructure cincture) (such as, urban district, San Francisco) Near or, then low definitiveness may be associated with any GNSS location measurement.This definitiveness can be after a while by attempting at least partly Determine that based on gps data the algorithm of the track of user, speed and/or elevation uses.

In one embodiment, the data from one or more GNSS sensor can be used to be automatically created position and GPS The data base of signal quality.By GNSS track and street map are compared and check when GNSS sensor shows user Advance (such as, there is 10mph or higher speed) along street but its track is not positioned at the characteristic on road, and automatically hold Capable this compares.Also can be from showing that the map that wherein there is high constructure, valley or intensive forest is inferred based on apparent position The deterministic data base of GPS.

Use the position sensing of vehicle GNSS and/or dead reckoning

Many vehicles have integrated form GNSS.The user of the vehicle without integrated form GNSS is normal Often for their automobile purchase GNSS, described GNSS is generally arranged on regarding of driver non-permanently In wild.In one embodiment, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be with the GNSS system communication of vehicle.The most just Taking in the case of formula biometric monitoring arrangement is also used for tracing positional, it can be from vehicle GNSS receiving position information.It can make Biometric monitoring arrangement can cut out the GNSS sensor (in the case of it has described sensor) of himself, therefore subtracts Its power consumption few.

In addition to GNSS location detects, vehicle can launch about its steering wheel orientation and/or it is relative to the earth The data of the orientation in magnetic field, using supplementing as its speed such as using tire size and tire rotary speed and measure.This letter Breath can be used for not having in the case of the GNSS system of GNSS system or vehicle cannot obtain reliable position measurement at vehicle holding Row dead reckoning is to determine track and/or position.The positional information of dead reckoning can supplement from biometric monitoring arrangement GNSS sensing data.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can reduce its to GNSS data sampling frequency, and Gap between GNSS location data is filled by dead reckoning defined location.

The step counter data fusion determined with satellite-based position

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, can will exist from the data fusion of various different sensors Together to provide movable newly the seeing clearly of the wearer about biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, supervise from biometric The data of the altimeter in view apparatus can be with the accelerometer data passed through the accelerometer from biometric monitoring arrangement Perform peak detection analysis and the step enumeration data that obtains is combined, when to determine the wearer of biometric monitoring arrangement (such as) stair climbing or walk to go up a slope (relative with seat elevator or escalator or smooth ground of passing by).

In another example of Data Fusion of Sensor, from step counter the most discussed herein above data can with from The distance measure that gps data is derived is combined providing the fine estimation of the total distance advanced in given window.Citing For, Kalman filter can be used distance based on GPS or speed data (to be made with distance based on step counter or speed It is multiplied by span by the step number carried out) it is combined, in order to obtaining fine distance estimations, described fine distance estimations is than individually Distance based on GPS or velocity measurement or distance based on step counter or velocity measurement are more accurate.Another embodiment party In case, can use as such as by the smoothing constant of the function of the leg speed rate of (such as) accelerometer measures come to based on GPS away from It is filtered from measured value.These a little embodiments are discussed further in No. 61/973,614 U.S. filed in 1 day April in 2014 In temporary patent application case, described application case is herein incorporated by reference the most in this article " joins the intersection of related application Examine " joint in, and described application case again at this about alignment use from satellite-based alignment system and step sensor for countering The distance of data or the content that becomes more meticulous of velocity estimation and be herein incorporated by reference.

Biometric and environment/exercise performance correlation

Some embodiments of portable monitoring device described herein can detect multiple data, comprises biometric number According to, environmental data and activity data.These data all can be analyzed or present to user to promote two or more classes The analysis of the degree of association between the data of type.In one embodiment, the heart rate of user can be with car speed, by bike speed Degree, velocity, swimming rate or walking speed are relevant.For example, can be presented in X-axis to user draw by bike speed Spend and draw in Y-axis the chart of heart rate.In another example, the music that the heart rate of user can be listened to user is relevant.Biological Metering monitoring arrangement can be by receiving once listened to what sound about user to the wireless connections of auto radio (such as, bluetooth) Happy data.In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement also can itself serve as music player, and the most recordable what Time play which song.

Weight lifting assists

In the case of there is no the auxiliary of personal coach or partner, it may be difficult to be properly completed weight lifting routine.Portable Formula biometric monitoring arrangement can by user transmit they should go up each weight of act how long, they how soon should lift weight Thing, how soon they should reduce weight and to perform the number of times of each repetition lifted, and user can be assisted to complete weight lifting routine. Biometric monitoring arrangement can use one or more EMG sensor or strain transducer to measure the muscle contraction of user.Also may be used By measure the vibration (such as, use accelerometer) of one or more body part, one or more body part antiperspirant (such as, Use GSR sensor), rotate (such as, use gyroscope), and/or the temperature sensor on one or more body part, push away The muscle contraction of disconnected user.Or, sensor is placed in when weight lifting equipment is lifting to determine to use from it, and they The speed lifted or reduce, they lift duration, and the number of repetition that their executed is lifted.

In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement or weight lifting equipment detect that user is just close to their mistake Lose the limit (when user no longer can support weight), then weight lifting equipment can automatically lifting heavy or prevent weight from reducing.? In another embodiment, can automatically lifting heavy or prevent weight with the mechanical hand of biometric monitoring arrangement or weight lifting equipment communication Thing reduces.This limit that can allow user that self pushes to them (is used in failed situation without partner/witness Lower lifting heavy) and not from the risk of injury falling weight.

Blood sugar level monitors auxiliary

In certain embodiments, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be configured and needs to monitor its blood sugar level with auxiliary User's (such as, diabetics).In one embodiment, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can infer user indirectly Blood sugar level or the tolerance relevant to the blood sugar level of user.Can use except being generally used for monitoring that blood glucose monitors the (company of use Continuous or discrete finger punctures the sensor of type) sensor outside sensor monitor method as typical blood glucose Supplement or substitute or assist as it.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be based on biometric monitoring arrangement The data of sensor measurement and to user reminding, they should check its blood sugar level.If user performs in certain time measures The activity of certain type, then their blood sugar level may reduce, and therefore, biometric monitoring arrangement can show and carries Wake up, produce audible prompts, or vibration, remind the user that they blood glucose may relatively low and they typical blood glucose should be used to survey Amount device (such as, finger punctures the blood glucose monitor of type) checks blood glucose.Biometric monitoring arrangement can allow user defeated Enter the blood sugar level measured from blood-glucose meter.Or, can by blood sugar measured be automatically transmitted into biometric monitoring arrangement and/or The 3rd device (such as, smart phone or server) directly or indirectly communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement.This blood glucose measurement Value can be used for informing when the prompting of next blood sugar level should be delivered to by the algorithm used by biometric monitoring arrangement to determine User.User may also be able to they to have been eaten, eating or planned to eat what food be input to biometric monitoring arrangement or The device directly or indirectly communicated with biometric monitoring arrangement.This information can be additionally used in determine when to remind user to check him Blood sugar level.Also can be used separately or in combination other tolerance and sensing data (such as, heart described herein Rate data) determine when to remind user to check their blood glucose.

In addition to reminding when checking blood sugar level, biometric monitoring arrangement may also display current blood glucose water Flat estimation.In another embodiment, can be used from biometric prison by secondary device (such as, smart phone or server) The data of view apparatus are to estimate the blood sugar level of user and/or these data are presented to user (such as, by smart phone Described data are shown on upper, webpage, and/or by via data described in radio transmitting).

Biometric monitoring arrangement can be additionally used in and makes exercise, diet relevant to blood sugar level with other factors.This can assist User understands these factors to the front of their blood sugar level or counter productive.Different devices can be used (such as, by user Finger punch through style monitor or continuous blood sugar monitor), by biometric monitoring arrangement self, and/or by infer blood glucose Level or use the tolerance relevant to blood sugar level of other sensor, measures the blood sugar level relevant to activity.At biology In some embodiments of metering monitoring arrangement, user's wearable continuous blood sugar monitoring arrangement and biometric monitoring arrangement.These are two years old Data about movable and blood sugar level can automatically be uploaded to the 3rd calculating device (such as, server) by individual device.Service Device can present to user with data described in post analysis and/or by described data so that user more understands their activity and blood Relation between sugar level.Described server also can receive the input of the diet about user, and (such as, user can input them and eats What food) and make described diet relevant to blood sugar level.By helping user to understand diet, exercise and other factors (such as, Nervous) how to affect their blood sugar level, biometric monitoring arrangement can assist the user suffering from diabetes.

UV exposes detection

In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can monitor the individual exposure to UV radiation.Can be by one Individual or multiple sensor measurement UVA and UVB.For example, the photodiode with the band filter only making UVA pass through can Detection UVA exposes, and the photodiode with the band filter only making UVB pass through can detect UVB and expose.It is also possible to use phase The skin pigment of user measured by machine or reflexometer (determining that luminous reflectance leaves optical transmitting set and the photodetector of the efficiency of skin) Calm.Using UVA, UVB and cutaneous pigmentation data, biometric monitoring arrangement can provide a user with and be subject to about it The information of UV exposed amount.Biometric monitoring arrangement may also provide about over-exposure, the probability of sunburn and the increase to UV The estimation of the probability of its risk of skin cancer or warning.

The screen power using user's presence sensor is saved

Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can have one or more display to present information to user.A reality Executing in example, the sensor on biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that user is just using biometric monitoring arrangement and/or wearing life Thing metering monitoring arrangement is to determine the state of display.For example, the biometric monitoring arrangement with PPG sensor can make With PPG sensor as proximity sensor to determine when user wears biometric monitoring arrangement.If user adorns oneself with Biometric monitoring arrangement, then the state (such as, color LCD screen) of screen can from its typicalness turned off change to " on " or " stand-by ".

Save relative to the power of satellite-based position determination system

In some embodiments, some system being included in biometric monitoring arrangement may monitor with biometric Other system relatively large amount of power of phase specific consumption in device.Owing to many biometric monitoring arrangements little space about Bundle, this can have a strong impact on the overall cell charge life of biometric monitoring arrangement.For example, monitor at some biometrics In device, satellite-based position determination system can be comprised.Use from GPS whenever using satellite-based position determination system When the data of satellite group obtain location, it uses the power drawn from biometric monitoring arrangement battery.Biometric monitors Device can be configured to change satellite-based position determination system based on one or more biography from biometric monitoring arrangement The data of sensor obtain the frequency of location.It is satellite-based that this adaptive location frequency functionalities can help power saving to still allow for simultaneously Position determination system provides location with useful interval (in due course).

For example, if biometric monitoring arrangement has ambient light sensor, then can use and pass from ambient light The data of sensor determine illumination condition whether indicate biometric monitoring arrangement may indoor rather than in outdoor.If Indoor, then biometric monitoring arrangement can cause location frequency to be set to less than at illumination condition to seem to indicate biometric Monitoring arrangement is the level of spendable location frequency when outdoor.This has reduction biometric monitoring arrangement and is tasted when indoor The effect of the location number of times of examination, and therefore unlikely use satellite-based position determination system to obtain good location.

In another example, if the motion sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement indicates the pendant of biometric monitoring arrangement Wearer substantially maintains static, such as, sleep or the most do not move more than several feet per minute, then satellite-based position is true The location frequency determining system can be set to the wearer's (example at the volley than motion sensor instruction biometric monitoring arrangement As, from a position walking or run to another location, such as, mobile more than several feet) the low level of situation.

In a further example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to determine biometric monitoring arrangement the most actually Worn by people, if not, then location frequency can be set to more real than biometric monitoring arrangement by biometric monitoring arrangement The level that situation about being worn on border is low.Can be such as at the exercise data collected from the motion sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement Instruction biometric monitoring arrangement substantially maintains static (such as, even showing that wearer sleeps or the time biometer of sitting Amount monitoring arrangement experience little mobile time the most not maintain static) time or such as from heart rate sensor data indicate do not detect Determine to this carrying out during heart rate whether being worn about biometric monitoring arrangement.For optics heart rate sensor, if In the light quantity that light detecting sensors detects, few change is there is, then this may indicate that following thing at light source switches and when turning off Real: heart rate sensor does not compresses the skin of people, and infers that biometric monitoring arrangement is not worn.This self adaptation is satellite-based Position determination system location frequency concept is discussed in more detail No. 61/955,045 U.S. filed in 18 days March in 2014 and faces Time patent application case in, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case previously in " cross reference to related application " part to draw Mode be incorporated herein and the most hereby about in the context of satellite-based position determination system power save Content that place points out and be herein incorporated by reference.

Should be understood that in addition to the feature comprising discussed in further detail below, biometric monitoring arrangement also can comprise institute above One or more feature or function discussed in that discuss and in being herein incorporated by reference above-mentioned discussion various application cases Property.This type of embodiment should be interpreted as within the scope of the invention.

Although above-mentioned discussion concentrates on the multiple different system that can be included in biometric monitoring arrangement and functionally, But discussion below concentrates on some specific embodiments in further detail, and (some embodiments are likely to the most in addition Discuss).

The use of the gyro sensor in biometric monitoring arrangement

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement (or system), biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured with Utilize gyroscope sensor data to realize the purpose of acquisition activity particular organisms continuous data.For example, gyro sensors Device can provide the information of the angular movement experienced during specific activities about biometric monitoring arrangement, and can be then used by this Angular movement data determine one or more tolerance relevant to described activity.Discuss in further detail below gyro sensor Two examples of this service condition.First example realizes the purpose of swimming calculation of correlation about use gyro sensor, and Second example is about the purpose using gyro sensor to realize calculation of correlation by bike.

For the gyro sensor used in following the tracks of swimming calculation of correlation

Some biometric monitoring arrangements can comprise one or more gyro sensor, and it can provide instruction biometric prison View apparatus is relative to the data of the change of the angle speed of rotation of external stability reference frame (such as, local environment).Can analyze also Use this data, provide sometimes in combination with the data from other sensor (such as, accelerometer, gaussmeter, altimeter etc.) Swimming calculation of correlation, such as paddling cycle count, one way counting and/or paddling classification.In determining this type of swimming calculation of correlation The change of any one after, i.e. change about the stored information of described tolerance.For example, if it is determined that completed swimming Appearance circulation or several stroke circulation, then modifiable storage in memory and about stroke circulation information (such as, currently The paddling cycle count of one way, the total paddling circulation carried out during current swimming time section, paddling circulating continuancing time Deng), to reflect fresh information.Except changing in addition to these type of stored data, biometric monitoring arrangement be also based on this type of determine to The wearer of device provides feedback, such as, by increasing paddling enumerator, providing alarm or in some other manner by information Convey to wearer.

Figure 17 describes the simplified block diagram of the example biometric monitoring arrangement comprising gyro sensor.Biometric monitors Device 1700 can comprise controller 1702, and controller 1702 can comprise one or more processor 1704 and memorizer 1706, storage Device 1706 can be communicatively coupled with processor 1704.Controller 1702 can connect by correspondence with gyro sensor 1708 Connect and, in many embodiments, be connected by correspondence with one or more additional sensors 1710.This type of additional sensors can (such as) the such as sensor such as immersion sensor, pressure transducer or altimeter, accelerometer, gaussmeter is comprised.

As discussed above, some embodiments (such as, biometric monitoring arrangement of biometric monitoring arrangement 1700) can be configured to utilize the angular movement data obtained from gyro sensor to determine various swimming calculation of correlation.Figure 18 Block diagram for a kind of technology for determining swimming calculation of correlation from gyro data.

The technology 1800 of Figure 18 starts at frame 1802, at frame 1802, can obtain by biometric monitoring arrangement Angular movement data from (multiple) gyro sensor.Although gyro sensor can be biometric in many embodiments The part of monitoring arrangement, but in some embodiments, gyro sensor can be located in remote-control device.For example, one In a little embodiments, the biometric monitoring arrangement with gyro sensor is wearable on the left finesse of people, but has top The extra means of spiral shell instrument sensor and/or accelerometer is wearable on the right finesse of people and on two ankles.In this type of situation Under, biometric monitoring arrangement can communicate with these other devices and can be from the gyro sensor of each device and/or acceleration Degree meter obtains angular movement and or acceleration information.Therefore, each forearm and each little can be obtained by biometric monitoring arrangement The angular movement of lower limb and/or acceleration information.This type of excessive data may be used to improve further the determination of swimming calculation of correlation.These feelings Shape is particularly useful in stroke identification, and this is owing to described situation can allow to monitor the motion of two arms rather than only monitors one The motion of individual arm, may be one leg or two legs.If the positions such as the lower limb such as people also use gyroscope and/or acceleration Degree flowmeter sensor, then this situation can allow biometric monitoring arrangement also to obtain the exercise data about lower limb motion, about lower limb The exercise data of motion may be used to use and is similar to move the technology of discussed technology herein in connection with arm and determines and play jumping figure evidence, Such as, play jumping type, play jumping figure mesh etc..This plays jumping coherent detection and is also regarded as the most in general, Swimming degree is determined with realization herein in connection with the exercise data analyzed from the biometric monitoring arrangement on the arm being worn on people Any technology described by purpose of amount can be easy to be suitable to analyze from the lower limb being worn on people biometric monitoring arrangement (or From the such as sensor such as gyro sensor, accelerometer) exercise data, the most suitably replace, such as, use use Sign rather than (further for the maximum/minimum signature of arm motion in playing the maximum/minimum jumping motion Maximum/minimum signature is discussed in detail).

After being to obtain angular movement data at frame 1802, technology 1800 can continue to frame 1804, at frame 1804, Can make about every time by angular movement data, (and/or data from other sensor, this depends on that biometric monitors dress Put；Such as, it be also possible to use accelerometer data and/or altimeter data to determine that stroke circulation occurs) indicate a stroke circulation Determination.When each two arms complete the motion of certain types of stroke, complete a stroke circulation.Crawling or in freestyle swimming, Such as, each arm can perform in an alternating manner one paddling motion, and paddling circulation can start when an arm starts a paddling and Terminate when another arm completes follow-up paddling.But, in butterfly stroke or breaststroke, such as, arm can synchronously move and paddling circulation Typically can start when arbitrary arm starts paddling and typically can complete paddling in arbitrary arm (or, in some cases, two arms) Time terminate (should be the most simultaneous).Crawling, in the case of freestyle swimming or other asymmetric paddling, if biometric Monitoring arrangement is only worn on an arm, then be likely difficult to accurately measure paddling cycle count, and this is due to may not Enough follow the tracks of the movement of another arm.

The determination of stroke cycle count can use analyzes skill for any number detecting the circulation behavior in data set Art performs.Spendable this type of technology is that some form of peak counting algorithm is applied to exercise data (such as, angle Exercise data or exercise data based on accelerometer), described algorithm is essentially similar to be used together to carry with accelerometer Functional peak counting algorithm is counted for the step number in pedometer.Biometric monitoring arrangement can use this type of peak counting skill Art identifies that the circulation of each stroke occurs and result based on this type of technology updates the information about stroke circulation.Identifying stroke After circulation, the number of the stroke circulation occurred in given interval can be increased the corresponding number of stroke circulation.Real at some Execute in scheme, may also be responsive to determine in this type of and store or change the persistent period about stroke circulation and/or stroke circulation speed The information of rate.

Stroke cycle count can perform on an ongoing basis or can retroactively perform, such as, in one way each time At the end of (see below the discussion determined about one way), (such as) peak counting can be used to analyze week of exercise data of one way Phase property, to determine the number of the stroke circulation carried out during one way.

(such as, every day, per hour etc.) although paddling circulation can be counted within the various cycles, but great majority swimming The number of paddling circulation (or paddling) that one way each time is carried out by person is interested.The most also can be in biometric monitoring arrangement One way tally function is provided.One way is generally defined as (and one way is used to refer to herein) swimming pool pass through Lateral shuttle moves.

Some biometric monitoring arrangements can use the combination of sensor or sensor and/or technology to determine whether and open Begin or terminate one way.For example, in some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric can be used to monitor dress Gaussmeter in putting determines that when wear the people of biometric monitoring arrangement reverses course, can be used as people by this and complete a list Journey and start the instruction of another one way.For example, if gaussmeter indicates one during the cycle that stroke circulates being detected As course northwards, after be connected at another cycle that stroke circulates detected during indicate course the most to the south (or, typically come Say, be separated by the alternately course of 180 degree), then the point of course reversing may indicate that the end of an one way and opening of next one way Begin.

It practice, the compass heading provided by the gaussmeter in the biometric monitoring arrangement that is arranged on forearm will be with Forearm directed change in space and change, such as, in the case of in stroke.For example, in typical case's breaststroke, The forearm of people will skim over the radian of about 90 degree and is oriented on (such as) multiple direction, scope be from substantially with direct of travel pair Accurate to being approximately perpendicular to direct of travel.Biometric monitoring arrangement can compensate this course transmutability in a number of ways.At one In embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can (wherein the forearm of people be generally oriented only with reference to during several parts of paddling On direct of travel) magnetometer data that obtains.If it is therefoie, for example, biometric monitoring arrangement to be equipped with paddling type true Capability (is discussed further below), then biometric monitoring arrangement may based on determined by paddling type prediction special Which part determining paddling circulation is generally directed on direct of travel and uses the magnetometer data corresponding with described part to come really Vectoring.In another embodiment, the average heading of each stroke circulation can be calculated and average heading is followed with previous stroke The average heading of ring compares to determine whether average heading reverses.

For determining that the another kind of technology that one way starts/terminates is to check in order to the angular movement number determining paddling cycle count According to.Stroke is the most fairly regular, and therefore angular movement data can represent the most constant or the most metastable periodicity.So And, when people turns round close to wall and execution, the regular periodicity of stroke can be turned round interruption, thus causes the temporary of angular movement data Stop or discontinuity At All Other Times.Therefore, gap or scrambling in the periodicity of angular movement data can be supervised by biometric View apparatus be interpreted as instruction turn round and, therefore, instruction one way start and/or terminate.Replace angular movement data or except angular movement number Outside according to, it be also possible to use accelerometer data to put into practice this type of technology.

May be used to assist in the another kind of technology starting and/or terminating of one way is to compare angular movement data (or to accelerate Degree counts, if you are using) with the similar number obtained for the several parts swum in the case of being not detected by turning round According to.If angular movement data or accelerometer data instruction are markedly different from the similar time point from " normally swimming " data The value of one or more time point of value, then this situation can be used as performing turning round and should update one way counting instruction (or Confirm).

Detect between continuous one way in some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement although above-mentioned discussion concentrates on Transformation, but that this type of biometric monitoring arrangement also can detect the beginning of the first one way that one way concentrates and one way is concentrated is last The end of one way.This type of event may be marked as course reversing (situation as changed between usually one way), therefore The biometric monitoring arrangement generally using gaussmeter to determine that one way counting increases can change into resorting to examine other data (example As, exercise data) to determine that people the most never occurs the state of rule stroke circulation to be converted to rule stroke circulation State (or vice versa)；This situation can be used as people start the first one way that one way concentrates (or one way concentrate last single Journey, the situation as possible) instruction.

Some biometric monitoring arrangements can use position determination system to follow the tracks of swimming one way additionally or alternati.Citing For, if biometric monitoring arrangement comprise gps receiver (or other position determination system, such as, Russia's global navigational satellite System (GLONASS) or its fellow), and gps satellite is that receptor is visible, then GPS location can be used to determine, and ability is come Determine when to carry out one way.In most of indoor swimming pools, this is functional has limited effectiveness, and this is due to owing to right The interference of gps signal and block and make it impossible to obtain useful gps signal.In this type of situation, biometric monitors dress Put and can change into resorting to the technology such as technology the most discussed herein above to determine that one way counts.

The biometric monitoring arrangement with the one way numerical ability determined based on position can provide for some swimmers For may highly useful at least one feature.For example, in the setting of outdoor, user can instruct this biometric to monitor Device set up " virtual pool " of water reservoir when biometric monitoring arrangement determines " edge " that people has swum over to virtual pool, its (such as) swimmer can be reminded by beeping sound or vibration so that people can turn round and swim over to another of virtual pool " hold " (from And complete an one way).In some embodiments, virtual pool can be defined by user in advance, such as, figure is specified and by it Tying is to specific geographic position.In or alternate embodiment extra at some, can be existed by the wearer of biometric monitoring arrangement Running is set up virtual pool.For example, the people wearing biometric monitoring arrangement can promote button while swimming or incite somebody to action Other input provides biometric monitoring arrangement, should set up virtual pool with instruction.Biometric monitoring arrangement can then (example As) determine, from gps data or gaussmeter and current location (from gps data), the normal course that people is nearest, and set up and be perpendicular to Nearest normal course and separate the two of typical case's pool length (such as, the swimming pool for Olympics size is 150 meters) Individual virtual parallel edges boundary line.One in boundary line can be positioned so that it refers to the wearer of biometric monitoring arrangement Show that it wants to set up the position of virtual pool and intersects or close to described position；Another side boundary line can be placed in the direction in normal course On reach at necessary deviation distance away from the first boundary line.Certainly, without departing from the scope of the invention, also can put into practice virtual Other of pond is placed and size.

In addition to paddling cycle count and one way count, it is true that some biometric monitoring arrangements may also provide paddling type Fixed, as discussed above.In order to determine paddling type, circulation gyro data can be analyzed first by (such as) peakology And/or accelerometer data, (it be also possible to use (such as, altimeter or the leaching of other data with each paddling circulation that isolation is carried out No sensing data) determine this paddling cyclical information.Can then analyze the motion in time corresponding to the circulation of each paddling Data (such as, angular movement data) are to determine whether paddling circulation meets specific stroke type.Can be by paddling loop-around data The various minima of middle searching and maximum flex point and determine whether this maximum and/or minimum point occur in and be associated with stroke Maximum/minimum signature in corresponding maximum or minima special time apart from interior perform this analyze.At some In embodiment, paddling circulation can be divided into some and every part can have a maximum and/or minima, then By corresponding with the corresponding part that maximum/minimum is signed to described maximum and/or minima maximum and/or minima Compare.In other embodiments, for the circulation of given stroke only one maximum of assessment and a minima.

Figure 19 describes for using biometric monitoring arrangement to determine the flow chart of technology of stroke type.Technology 1900 can Frame 1902 starts, in frame 1902, motion can be obtained from motion sensor (such as, accelerometer or gyro sensor) Data.In frame 1904, exercise data can be analyzed and indicate a stroke by exercise data to identify every time.In frame 1906, can The exercise data that each stroke is circulated with for multiple stroke type (such as, for crawl or freestyle swimming paddling, backstroke draw Dynamic, butterfly stroke paddling and/or breaststroke paddling, maximum/minimum signature as discussed in further detail) compares.At frame In 1908, the exercise data about stroke circulation can be made the most relevant to the maximum/minimum of specific stroke type signature Determination.If identifying specific stroke, then technology can proceed to frame 1910, in frame 1910, based on determined by paddling class Type change is about the stored information of the paddling type identified.For example, can be maintained by biometric monitoring arrangement If the paddling cycle counter of each in the stroke of dry type, and follow in the stroke of the stroke described type being detected every time During ring, the paddling cycle counter of corresponding paddling type can be incremented by one.In another embodiment, can supervise in whole one way Depending on detected paddling type to determine whether to use identical paddling type (or whether predetermined percentage in whole one way The paddling of (such as, 90%) is certain types of stroke).Technology can then return to frame 1902 to carry out another data collection. If the determination representing any stroke type about exercise data cannot be made in frame 1908, then technology can change into carrying out To frame 1912, in frame 1912, can optionally by paddling type identification be " Unidentified " and, when needed, renewable about The corresponding informance of Unidentified paddling type.Technology can then return to frame 1902 to carry out another paddling classification of type.

Figure 20 describes maximum/minimum signature and the example of two datagrams, the one symbol in said two datagram Close signature and another one does not meets signature.The imaginary data shown in Figure 20 are to circulate for single stroke, as used (example As) peakology determines.In this particular instance, maximum/minimum signature packets contains three dissimilar parts.Maximum/ In minima the matching analysis, can check whether data occur with the local maximum and minima checking the data in every part In time-bands, such as, the time-bands indicated by parenthesized " maximum " in Figure 20 and " minima " time zone.Institute In the example provided, will determine the maximum/minimum signature that solid data figure coupling is provided, this is owing to it is in each portion Have the maximum and minima occurred in maximum/minimum window in Fen, and dotted line datagram in every part not There is the maximum and minima occurred in maximum/minimum window and therefore will not be confirmed as signature match.Ying Li Solve, this type of signature can also or alternatively comprising or based on can describe in given window data (such as, variance, meansigma methods, kurtosis, The minimum/maximum etc. of absolute value) any number statistics.Label can be used based on one or many person in these various statistics The similar techniques of name should also be viewed as within the scope of the invention.

Although usable acceleration counts this type of paddling identification technology of putting into practice, but these type of data may be for there being interference very much (compared with gyroscope angular movement data), it may be preferred for not utilizing accelerometer data hence with angular movement data 's.Another weakness of accelerometer data is: it is applied in the bias of 1G acceleration all the time owing to gravity, thus can Can make it difficult to differentiate stroke.Gyro sensor will not run into this bias and therefore can provide for detecting the non-of stroke type Mechanism the most reliably.

Can use to detect the another of stroke type (or paddling cycle count) in conjunction with gyroscope and/or acceierometer sensor One sensor is barometertic altimeter.Owing to barometertic altimeter is actually pressure transducer, therefore it also acts as the degree of depth and refers to Show device, especially at low depth, such as, in the brachium on surface.For example, if wearing when swimming and there is pressure altitude Meter or the biometric monitoring arrangement of pressure transducer, then (incite somebody to action with (such as) when its arm is carried away water to carry out stroke by people The difference in height of 18 inches raised by biometric monitoring arrangement or about brachium situation is suitable), altimeter may indicate that about- The pressure change of 0.00005 atmospheric pressure, when under people is submerged in same arm (and biometric monitoring arrangement) to 18 inches deep, The pressure change of recordable+0.04 atmospheric pressure of same sensor.Therefore, pressure signal can provide when the forearm about people is flooded The not extraordinary instruction of (certainly, this situation supposes that biometric monitoring arrangement is worn on the forearm of people).This floods data Not only may be used to determine paddling cycle count/frequency, and may be used to resolve into paddling type and determine, this is due to each paddling Type can have different submergence patterns.For example, in breaststroke, the arm of people may will not leave water or only in week short time Water is left in phase, and in butterfly stroke, the recordable submergence of immersion sensor and the alternate cycle of non-submerged.Biometric monitoring arrangement Can search this class behavior in data and paddling type determines and is based at least partially on this type of observed behavior.

Other sensor in addition to altimeter can be used as immersion sensor, but it may not provide about over time Any of submergence see clearly.Sensors with auxiliary electrode comprises skin pricktest response sensor (conductivity sensor), temperature sensor etc..

Being configured to carry out the biometric monitoring arrangement that swimming tolerance determines and may also provide seeing clearly about stroke power. For example, after determining the time restriction that each paddling circulates, biometric monitoring arrangement can check accelerometer data To search the circulation of described stroke to realize seeing clearly about the power degree applied during circulating in stroke.This determines can be based on institute State obvious acceleration magnitude in the acceleration information of paddling circulation.For example, along axis and the wrist being perpendicular to forearm The value of acceleration of flexure axis can provide the size of the power that the hands about people applies during the stage " promotion " of stroke See clearly.In some embodiments, the accelerometer used may be saturated during the most powerful stroke, and this situation still may be used Useful instruction about paddling power being provided, if but need finer dynamic date, then may need to use bigger model The accelerometer enclosed.

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, immersion sensor can be used to monitor to revise biometric The mode that device works when being in water.In a useful especially embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement adjustable Intensity (situation shape when not being submerged with biometric monitoring arrangement of delivery notification when biometric monitoring arrangement is submerged In contrast).For example, be configured to swimming some biometric monitoring arrangements of counting of one way be also can be configured with At every 5th time or use reminder announced user during the tenth one way so that user is to its progress between swimming physical culture hardening period slightly Have known.Or, biometric monitoring arrangement can also act as alarm clock and can provide the notice when rung about alarm. Feedback mechanism can be used to provide this to notify, feedback mechanism such as audio tweeter and/or haptic device (such as, vibrate horse Reach).But, owing to the effect of water during swimming and the existence of background noise (bubble, splashing etc.), such notification may be as It is detected just like that in dry land.Therefore, if carried when immersion sensor instruction biometric monitoring arrangement is submerged For notice, then biometric monitoring arrangement can increase the intensity providing notice.For example, the volume on speaker can be adjusted Greatly, the power of vibrating motor can maybe be increased.In some embodiments, notice can also or alternatively be increased in submergence situation Persistent period.

Figure 21 describes to adjust the flow chart of the technology of notice intensity for submerged state based on biometric monitoring arrangement. Technology 2100 can start in frame 2102, and in frame 2102, biometric monitoring arrangement receives and instructs to produce notice, such as, To user reminding about the notice of the realization of one way, given number paddling or alarm.In frame 2104, can sense from submergence Device obtains sensing data, such as, pressure transducer, skin pricktest response sensor, temperature sensor or its fellow.At frame In 2106, can make about whether the sensing data from immersion sensor indicates biometric monitoring arrangement to be immersed in water Determination.In some embodiments, can based on immersion sensor data whether indicate biometric monitoring arrangement be immersed into The degree that desired immersion level is suitable when people is just swimming and wearing biometric monitoring arrangement simultaneously is made this and is determined.

If making the determination of biometric monitoring arrangement submergence in frame 2106, then technology can proceed to frame 2110, In frame 2110, can make whether being set about current notifications intensity level being associated with biometric monitoring arrangement submergence Second the determining of level.If notice intensity level is without being set to the water that is associated with biometric monitoring arrangement submergence Flat, then technology can proceed to frame 2112, in frame 2112, notice intensity level can be set to and biometric monitoring arrangement The level that submergence is associated.Technology can proceed to frame 2118, in frame 2118, current notifications intensity settings can be used to provide Notice.If determining that in frame 2110 notice intensity has been set to the water being associated with biometric monitoring arrangement submergence Flat, then technology can proceed to frame 2118.

If determining that in frame 2106 data from immersion sensor indicate the non-submergence of biometric monitoring arrangement, then Whether technology can proceed to frame 2114, in frame 2114, can make being set about notice intensity settings and supervise with biometric Another of the level that view apparatus submergence is associated determines.Soak with biometric monitoring arrangement if notice intensity settings is set The level not being associated, then technology can proceed to frame 2116 before proceeding to 2118, in frame 2116, can will notify intensity It is set to the level being associated with the non-submerged of biometric monitoring arrangement.If notice intensity settings without be set to The level that biometric monitoring arrangement submergence is associated, then technology can be directly to frame 2118.

In being configured determine to some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement of swimming tolerance, can be by comparing (such as) from swimming time section start time the data of one way estimate with the data from one way the slowest in swimming time section The fatigue of meter user.If paddling cycle rate reduces beyond threshold quantity, then biometric monitoring arrangement can remind wearer It has appeared to be tired and may want to consider to have a rest.

For the biometric monitoring arrangement for bicycle

In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise gyro sensor And biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to be attached to bicycle.This attachment can be attached to bicycle frame or front fork Connect, can be maybe the attachment of the rotating part to drive mechanism.For example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be for installation into certainly Driving and (and being therefore not easy to directly be worn by people) of building specially, maybe can be designed to the most wearable on the health of people and As wearable biometric monitoring arrangement, could attach to again bicycle.In some embodiments, this biometric monitors dress Put and can be designed to remove from wearable housing and be next attached to fixture or installed part, described fixture or installed part promotion attachment Or it is installed to bicycle assembly.In some embodiments, gyro sensor can be at biometric monitoring arrangement outside and warp Configuration is to communicate with biometric monitoring arrangement, thus forms biometric monitoring system.For example, in some embodiments In, biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to detect it and when accommodating the remote-control device of one or more gyro sensor In range for wireless communication.Remote-control device can (such as) be installed to bicycle pedal crank and can be configured with by angular movement data or The data derived from angular movement data are communicated to biometric monitoring arrangement from (multiple) gyro sensor.Biometric monitors Device can be further configured detecting that remote-control device is (or from being previously associated with biometric monitoring arrangement since then Particular remote device or the user of biometric monitoring arrangement) wireless signal time, determine in the range of remote-control device is in Time collect biometric data (comprise from remote-control device collect data) be likely to by bike activity relevant.Biometer Amount monitoring arrangement can then determine and applied analysis and algorithm in response to this, and described analysis and algorithm are customized to obtain riding certainly Drive a vehicle performance metric interested.

No matter biometric monitoring arrangement system (or, more accurately, the gyroscope of biometric monitoring arrangement or system passes Sensor) it is installed on where go bicycle, its output all may be used to determine the side-to-side motion of bicycle, this side-to-side motion For the parameter that people by bike is interested, this be due to people by bike generally attempt to avoid this oscillating motion (because of Human efficiency by bike is deprived) for this situation.

Before being installed on framework, being installed in fork or in the case of the gyro sensor that is installed on handlebar, Biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to use (such as) peakvalue's checking or is suitable for detecting the periodicity in angular movement data The angular movement data that other technical Analysis thus gyro sensor of behavior produces, to determine step.As herein in connection with certainly Driving tolerance determines and is used, and step refers to that the crank of bicycle carries out the speed of a complete rotation, i.e. pedal carries out one The speed of complete rotation.

After determining step, biometric monitoring arrangement can be next based on analyzing and rotate, with each crank, the angle being associated Exercise data determines that the degree of each left/right oscillating motion completely rotated of crank is to determine in left right upwards away from hanging down The angular displacement of straight line.

But, in some embodiments, it may be determined that not by the left/right oscillating motion in the time cycle of step keyholed back plate Degree.For example, each angular movement data instruction gyro sensor is around being generally parallel to ground and becoming with bicycle When the angular movement experience of the axis of one straight line is moved back and forth, biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that occur that left or right is waved The local maximum of motion.Biometric monitoring arrangement can then determine the value of local maximum.Can be repeated this as required Process, and can store owing to left/right wave generation angular displacement gained value or from value derive data for biology Metering monitoring arrangement is in future usage.For example, a maximum left side over time can be waved by some biometric monitoring arrangements The size that angular displacement is averaged to produce the degree from vertical line to left side waved about people by bike time average Instruction；Can also be for the right side wave displacement make similar performance tolerance.In some embodiments, the negligible directivity waved, And biometric monitoring arrangement can only indicate the mean severity waved within the time cycle.

Can store these data for later referring to.In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured with Feedback is provided to people based on stored data.For example, if data assignor waves greatly from vertical line by bike time In 3 degree, then biometric monitoring arrangement can provide stroke or other notice to remind this to occur to people.This situation allows people to adjust Its pedal pattern whole is to reduce oscillating motion.It is logical that this biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to provide that user can set Know level, i.e. user may specify that the oscillating motion detected when being by bike exceedes any specific appointment waves fortune One or more oscillating motion level provided during dynamic level and corresponding notification type.

In the embodiment of the rotating part being installed to drive mechanism at gyro sensor, except providing oscillating motion information Outside, gyro sensor may also provide the angular movement that may be used to directly determine step (that is, the crank speed of rotation) by bike Data.This situation can directly be determined around the angular speed change of the axis being parallel to crank rotation axis by observation.If Also will obtain oscillating motion from the gyro sensor being installed to rotating part, then biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured with Consider rotary reference framework so that left/right may be waved the shadow that the accuracy determined produces by the rotation that crank is reduced or eliminated Ring.

In the embodiment of both step and side-to-side motion followed the tracks of by biometric monitoring arrangement, some are implemented Scheme can be based on step information sifting oscillating motion data.For example, side-to-side motion is by each pedal paddling phase Between give what the down thrust on pedal caused.Thus, wiggly circulation behavior and step have and directly contact, and therefore may be used Use step frequency to filter out frequency and do not correspond to the gyro data of step frequency.For example, when people is by bike Time when turning, bicycle will need to be tilted towards " waving " that turn direction extends to maintain this situation of stability to be revealed as Motion.But, if people is in whole turning during pedal, the angular movement data at instruction inclination angle in frequency will not with step Correspondence, this is owing to tilting to keep relative constancy during the whole pedal in turning.

The angular movement data that gyro sensor from the rotary components being installed on bicycle driving mechanism obtains can be used Directly to determine that crank is around position of rotation, the speed of rotation, rotary acceleration and the rotation of crank rotation axis during pedal Turn acceleration.It is desirable that this gyro sensor can be installed to drive mechanism have on circling behavior with crank (example As, crank arm, front sprocket wheel, tripod, chain link, pedal hub or link guard shield) circling behavior be the rotation of corresponding relation of 1:1 Transfer part is divided.But, also this gyro sensor can be installed to drive mechanism do not have on circling behavior with crank (example Such as, wheel or rear sprocket wheel) circling behavior be 1:1 corresponding relation rotating part (it is assumed that as being the most almost always this situation, Certain gear drive is there is poor) between front sprocket wheel and rear sprocket wheel.In such cases, it may be necessary to multiplexer is applied to Determined by no matter which kind of step to correct this gear drive to produce and reflecting accurately measuring of actual crank step.

In some embodiments, gyro sensor can be the part of pedal or be installed on pedal.It is installed on pedal On gyroscope may will not experience total (such as, rotate corresponding completely rotating with complete crank) in rotary moving, but still can Experience can rotate relevant front/rear vibration to complete crank.Some biometric monitoring arrangements can be configured with based on this type of Vibration determines crank step.

The biometric monitoring arrangement receiving data from this gyro sensor may be configured to evaluate the equal of crank rotation Even property and offer assess relevant tolerance to this type of.For example, this biometric monitoring arrangement can provide about average crank The feedback of the amount of rotary speed and described rotary speed variance in given interval.Rotate at predetermined number crank continuously or Average crank rotary speed in time cycle (such as) can be used as baseline step, can be by step (such as, instantaneous step after a while Or in the step in cycle short period) compared with described baseline step to determine step transmutability.

These data can be analyzed to search angular acceleration smoothness (such as, based on angle acceleration) and this information can be provided To user.For example, in some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to provide and indicates each crank to turn " acceleration " of dynamic or each paddling (each crank rotates and comprises left lower limb/foot paddling and right lower limb/foot paddling) (or, on the contrary, Smoothness increases along with the change speed of acceleration, and acceleration increases；Along with acceleration reduces, smoothness increases) The tolerance of amount.In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can provide the pedal row of assignor based on these data Increase in for or the vision of acceleration that reduces or audible indication.For example, more jerking movement is become when the pedal of people Time, the frequency that can increase sends the audible indication sound such as such as beeping sound；If the pedal of people becomes smoother, as passed through Angle acceleration data instruction, then the available frequency reduced sends audible indication sound.It is also possible to use the instruction of other form (such as, visually indicating).

In some biometric monitoring systems, in addition to gyro sensor, system also can comprise and can be configured to obtain Obtain the pressure transducer of air speed information, then make described air speed information relevant to the tolerance determined from angular movement data.

Obtain above for the swimming performance metric using angular movement data and/or other data to carry out and about using angle The performance metric by bike that exercise data is carried out obtains the concept discussed and example can use (such as) to be stored in computer Computer executable instructions in readable memory is implemented in device (or having the system of this device), such as biometric prison View apparatus.Described instruction can be performed by one or more processor, and one or more processor described is with memorizer by correspondence Connect and be also connected by correspondence with pressure transducer or barometertic altimeter.Any one in multiple programming language can be used Thering is provided this type of to instruct, programming language is including (but not limited to) C++, Java, iOS, Android etc..In some embodiments, may be used Some or all of instructions are decoded to firmly in special IC (ASIC).About altimeter discussed herein again school Accurate, the gesture recognition of altimeter auxiliary and the airplane-mode technology of altimeter auxiliary and system, term " control logic " is herein In may be used to refer to may be used to put into practice this type of technology or implement the hardwired circuit of this type of system with based on processor/memorizer/soft Any combination of the assembly of part.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that be used for using angular movement data and/or other data carry out swimming performance metric obtain and for Use angular movement data carry out the biometric monitoring system of performance metric acquisition by bike can be including (for example) via wireless Connect the multiple diverse part that (such as, bluetooth or other agreement a certain) connects communicatively to each other.These type of many groups Part system and single integrating device solution are considered within the scope of the invention.In some embodiments, can be whole Or on a device, partly implement technology discussed herein above, it is any that described device self does not produce for above-mentioned technology Data, but process these data received from other device really having sensors with auxiliary electrode.

Should be understood that above for use angular movement data and/or other data to carry out to swim performance metric to obtain and about Use angular movement data carry out performance metric by bike obtain the concept discussed and example can in device or system (such as, Biometric monitors or follows the tracks of device or other electronic installation) middle enforcement；Computer-aid method, processor auxiliary can be embodied as Method or circuit householder method；Maybe can be embodied as being transmitted into device or being stored in the computer on non-transitory machine-readable medium Executable instruction.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that the use that term " gyroscope " is in the present invention may refer not only to true gyro sensor, and And refer to simulate gyro sensor." truly " gyro sensor is typically by maintaining quality be under steady motion state and depend on Rely and determine that angular movement data (such as, the change of angular rotational velocity) operate in the principle of angular momentum.Some true gyro sensors Device depends on the spinning momentum in gyrating mass, and other true gyro sensor depends on and is caused the quality vibrated back and forth And the opposing of this quality is rotated away from the trend of plane of oscillation.This vibrating gyroscopes is commonly referred to as vibrational structure gyroscope, and bag Containing the micro-electro-mechanical systems that such as be commonly used in E-consumer type product (such as, smart phone, tablet PC and other device) The devices such as system (MEMS) gyroscope.(no matter true gyro sensor is that gyrating mass is still vibrated to true gyro sensor Quality gyro sensor) need to pay energy consistently to maintain mobile object to be kept in motion.Thus, although it is general High-quality angular movement data are provided, but true gyro sensor is also power dissipation source and the most in some cases (such as, when there is finite power supply budget) may needs careful consideration before using true gyroscope.At biometer Amount monitoring arrangement (it is generally designed to once to wear a couple of days without recharging and it typically continuously collects data) In the case of, this power consumption can affect the wanted performance of device dramatically.

" simulating " gyro sensor as used herein is angular motion sensor, and it is former that it may not depend on angular momentum Reason operates and therefore needs not exist for the quality of constant movement.This analoglike gyro sensor can use fortune by (such as) The combination of dynamic sensor is (such as, by using two or more three axis accelerometers or at least two three axis accelerometer And gaussmeter) angular movement data are provided.In order to avoid suspecting, term used herein " angular data " or " angular movement data " are come Refer to represent the data of angular orientation, the angle speed of rotation, angular acceleration, angle acceleration etc. and can be by angular data discussed herein Any one in measurement technology obtains.

For example, the distance that two three axis accelerometers can separate is installed in rigid support structure (maybe can install In flexible structure and then pass through certain other structure and kept being in a fixed position) and obtain with from each accelerometer The processor obtaining acceleration information connects by correspondence.Therefore accelerometer data can represent the most solid Indivedual acceleration of fixed 2, and this acceleration information can be used to determine that accelerometer reference frame is relative to overall situation reference Framework and the change of the angular orientation around axis of reference.For example, can be by the linear acceleration for vertical axis be read Count differencing and then it derived around being perpendicular to two acceleration divided by the offset distance between accelerometer measures initial point Degree meter is along the angular acceleration of the axis of reference of its axis being positioned at.Integration and (when needed) can be used to filter from angular acceleration Data obtain angular velocity and orientation.

In another embodiment, the combination that can use two or more non-juxtaposed accelerometers and gaussmeter is passed through (such as) use linear acceleration and magnetic information estimate orientation and by by accelerometer differencing to obtain angular acceleration Determine angular data.Owing to directional data based on accelerometer can suffer from drift over time (owing to needs to acceleration Degrees of data carries out double integration to obtain position, adds the probability of signal noise in acceleration information), comprising gaussmeter can (gaussmeter course determines the double integration being not rely on acceleration information to allow to be periodically based on indicated magnetic heading And determine that possible situation is drifted about just like that thus without inclining to orientation based on accelerometer such as) correct based on accelerometer data The drift of the orientation calculated.It is also possible to use gaussmeter and determine angular orientation data (such as, Eulerian angles independent of accelerometer data Or four metadata).

If needing complete three dimensional angular exercise data, then simulation gyro sensor can use three three axis accelerometers Obtain enough acceleration informations to determine three dimensional angular exercise data.

In another embodiment, single accelerometer and gaussmeter can simulate gyro sensor signal.For example, may be used Gaussmeter is used to inform the initial and final direction faced by biometric monitoring arrangement.Accelerometer data can be then used by Which kind of rotates (such as, counter-clockwise or clockwise) to realize this type of direction displacement to determine execution.

In another embodiment, single gaussmeter can be used with gyro sensor form, but it typically may be limited to inspection Survey the angular movement (such as, the change of compass reading) relative to magnetic field of the earth.But, in some embodiments, gaussmeter is also May be the most sensitive to detection three-dimensional rotation.

Should be understood that and described herein utilize angular movement data or the technology of its fellow and device available by truly These angular movement data that are that gyro sensor provides and that provided by simulation gyro sensor, comprise use two or two The angular movement data that above accelerometer, gaussmeter or a combination thereof provide.

There is described herein and many concepts of explanation and embodiment.Although being described herein as and illustrated that some is real Execute example, feature, attribute and advantage, it should be appreciated that from describe and explanation apparent many other and different and/or similar Embodiment, feature, attribute and advantage.Thus, above example is only used as example and provides.It is not intended to detailed or will The present invention is limited to disclosed precise forms, technology, material and/or configuration.According to the present invention, many amendments and change are possible 's.Should be understood that available other embodiments, and operation change can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.Thus, The scope of the present invention is not limited in above description, because presenting retouching of above example the most for purposes of illustration and description State.

It is essential that the present invention is neither limited to any single aspect or embodiment, it is also not necessarily limited to this little aspects and/or enforcement Any combination of example and/or arrangement.Additionally, can individually or jointly in other side and/or embodiments of the invention one or Many persons and use each in the aspect of the present invention and/or embodiment.For simplicity, will the most individually Discuss and/or illustrate those arrangement and combination in many those of.

Claims

1. a biometric monitoring system, comprising:

First shell, it is configured to be arranged on the rotary components of bicycle driving mechanism；

Angular motion sensor, it is positioned in described first shell；

Memorizer；And

Control logic, wherein:

Described control logic, described memorizer and described angular motion sensor are configured to connect communicatively to each other, and

Described control logic is configured to:

A) angular movement data are obtained from described angular motion sensor,

B) determine that the full crank indicating described bicycle driving mechanism turns at least partially through described angular movement data every time It is dynamic,

C) crank based on time per unit rotate number and change in response to (b) storage in which memory and about The information of step,

D) determine that the described angular movement data from described angular motion sensor indicate described in described first shell is installed to The vibration that the rotation axis of rotary components is just experiencing around the axis being perpendicular to described rotation axis tilts, and

E) change in response to the determination in (d) storage in which memory and fortune of vacillating now to the left, now to the right about described bicycle The information of traverse degree.

Biometric monitoring system the most according to claim 1, wherein said first shell is configured to be arranged on and is selected from On the described rotary components of the described bicycle driving mechanism of the group being made up of the following: crank arm, tripod, chain link, Front sprocket wheel, pedal hub, sprocket wheel guard shield and pedal.

Biometric monitoring system the most according to claim 1, described control logic be further configured with:

F) about baseline step and based on described angular motion sensor around the change of the rotary speed of rotation axis, determine along with The degree of deviation of the described step of time, by as described in angular movement data indicate, and

G) change in response to (f) storage in which memory and the described degree of deviation about described step over time Information.

G) change in response to (f) storage in which memory and about according to pedal paddling described step described partially The information of margin.

Biometric monitoring system the most according to claim 3, farther includes display, wherein said control logic warp Further configuration with: cause described display described information based on the described degree of deviation about described step over time in The instruction of form the most by bike.

Biometric monitoring system the most according to claim 3, wherein said baseline step is that crank rotates the most continuously The average step of predetermined number.

Biometric monitoring system the most according to claim 3, wherein said baseline step is the predetermined time cycle phase Between average step.

Biometric monitoring system the most according to claim 3, wherein said baseline step is that user specifies step.

F) about baseline rotary speed, the degree of deviation of the rotary speed of described angular motion sensor over time is determined, as logical Cross the instruction of described angular movement data, and

G) change in response to (f) storage in which memory and the information of the described degree of deviation about rotary speed.

F) about zero rotary acceleration, the degree of deviation of the rotary acceleration of described angular motion sensor over time is determined, as Indicated by described angular movement data, and

G) change in response to (f) storage in which memory and the information of the described degree of deviation about rotary acceleration.