CN104207761B - Heart rate data is collected - Google Patents
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- CN104207761B CN104207761B CN201410243180.6A CN201410243180A CN104207761B CN 104207761 B CN104207761 B CN 104207761B CN 201410243180 A CN201410243180 A CN 201410243180A CN 104207761 B CN104207761 B CN 104207761B
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Classifications
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- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/0245—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate by using sensing means generating electric signals, i.e. ECG signals
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- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02438—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
- A61B5/1118—Determining activity level
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4866—Evaluating metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
- A61B5/681—Wristwatch-type devices
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
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- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
Abstract
Can implement a novel aspect at the circuit that comprises the photodetector for produce first signal of telecommunication based on received light. Described circuit comprises commutation circuit, and described commutation circuit has first and second configuration, is configured to receive the first voltage signal based on described first signal of telecommunication, and switches between described the first configuration and described the second configuration. Described circuit comprises and is respectively used to first and second sample circuit of in described the first configuration and second when configuration, the value of described the first voltage signal being sampled in described commutation circuit. Described circuit comprise for described the first commutation circuit in described first when configuration generation current signal to offset the first component of described first signal of telecommunication.
Description
Technical field
Background technology
Recently the consumer of personal health is paid close attention to and caused providing multiple personal health monitoring arrangement on market. Until nearCome, these a little devices often use complexity and conventionally for example, through being designed for an activity, cycle touring computer.
The recent advances of sensor, electronic device and power supply miniaturization has allowed personal health monitoring arrangement (also to claim in this articleFor " biometric tracking " or " biometric supervision " device) size carry with previous unpractical minimum sizeSupply. For instance, FitbitUltra is approximately 2 inches long, 0.75 inch wide and 0.5 inch of dark biometric supervision dressPut; It has the pixellated display that is encapsulated in this little volume, battery, sensor, wireless communication ability, power supply andInterface button, and for described device being attached to the integrated intermediate plate of other parts of pocket or clothes.
Discuss herein biometric monitoring arrangement and wherein spendable technology (and in some cases, in other deviceBiometric following function needn't be provided) various embodiment.
Summary of the invention
The details of one or more embodiment of the subject matter of describing in setting forth this description at accompanying drawing and in below describing. ItsIts feature, aspect and advantage will be from described descriptions, graphic and claims and are become apparent. Note, figure belowRelative size may not be to draw in proportion, unless be clearly designated as the graphic of bi-directional scaling.
A novel aspect of subject matter described in the present invention may be implemented in circuit, and in some embodiments,Be implemented in the circuit in portable monitoring arrangement. In some embodiments, described circuit comprises for receiving light and useIn the photodetector that produces first signal of telecommunication based on received light. Described circuit also comprises the first commutation circuit, its have toFew the first configuration and the second configuration. Described the first commutation circuit is configured to receive the first voltage based on described first signal of telecommunicationSignal, and also receive one or more the first control signal. Described the first commutation circuit be configured to based on described one or moreThe first control signal is switched between at least described the first configuration and described the second configuration. Described circuit also comprises the first samplingCircuit, it is for getting the value of described the first voltage signal in the time that described first configures in described the first commutation circuitSample. Described circuit also comprises the second sample circuit, its in described the first commutation circuit in described second when configuration pairThe value of described the first voltage signal samples. Described circuit also comprises surround lighting and eliminates circuit, and it is for described firstCommutation circuit produces the first current signal to offset at least in part described first signal of telecommunication in described first when configurationThe first component. Described the first current signal is to sample based on one or more second control signal and by described the second sample circuitThe described value of described the first voltage signal.
In some embodiments, described circuit also comprises gain adjustable circuit, and it is in described the first commutation circuitIn the time of described the first configuration, set the second current signal to adjust described the first voltage letter with respect to described first signal of telecommunicationNumber gain. Described the second current signal is based on one or more the 3rd control signal and described first signal of telecommunication. At someIn embodiment, described first signal of telecommunication is current signal. In some these type of embodiments, described circuit further wrapsContain for described first signal of telecommunication being transformed into the current-to-voltage convertor of second voltage signal. In these a little embodiments,Described the first voltage signal is based on described second voltage signal. And in these a little embodiments, described capable of regulating increasesBenefit circuit more particularly described the first commutation circuit in described first when configuration set described the second current signal withAdjust the gain of described second voltage signal with respect to described first signal of telecommunication, and described the second current signal more particularlyBased on one or more the 3rd control signal and described second voltage signal. In addition, in some these type of embodiments, instituteState surround lighting elimination circuit and in the time that described first configures, produce described the first current signal in described the first commutation circuit, makeObtain described the first current signal and there is the polarity contrary with described first signal of telecommunication to offset at least in part described the first electricityDescribed first component of signal.
In some embodiments, described current-to-voltage convertor and described gain adjustable circuit form transimpedance amplificationDevice. In some these type of embodiments, described current-to-voltage convertor comprise there is first input end, the second inputThe first operational amplifier of son and lead-out terminal. Described first input end can with the first terminal of described photodetector and instituteState the first terminal electric coupling of gain adjustable circuit. Described the second input terminal can with reference voltage electric coupling. And instituteState lead-out terminal can with the second terminal electric coupling of described gain adjustable circuit. Described lead-out terminal is exported described the second electricityPress signal.
In some embodiments, described gain adjustable circuit the described the first terminal of described gain adjustable circuit withBetween described second terminal of described gain adjustable circuit, comprise adjustable impedance level, described adjustable impedance level is used for carryingSupply adjustable impedance to adjust described the second current signal based on described one or more the 3rd control signal. At some, this type of is realExecute in scheme, described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has and has of the first impedanceOne impedance path and have the second impedance path of the second impedance. Described gain adjustable circuit can further comprise second and cutChange circuit, described the second commutation circuit is used for based on described one or more the 3rd control signal at least described the first impedance roadIn the middle of footpath and described the second impedance path, select.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises for cushioning described second voltage signal to produce describedThe buffer of one voltage signal. In some these type of embodiments, described buffer comprise there is first input end,The second operational amplifier of two input terminals and lead-out terminal. Described first input end of described the second operational amplifier canWith the described lead-out terminal electric coupling of described the first operational amplifier, and the described lead-out terminal of described the second operational amplifierCan with the described second input terminal electric coupling of described the second operational amplifier. In some embodiments, described first is slowRush device and further comprise described lead-out terminal and described first switching of in series electric coupling at described the second operational amplifierResistor between circuit.
In some embodiments, described surround lighting eliminate circuit eliminates circuit the first terminal at described surround lighting with described inBetween the second terminal of surround lighting elimination circuit, comprise adjustable impedance level, described adjustable impedance level is used for providing capable of regulatingImpedance is to adjust described the first current signal based on described one or more second control signal. In some this type of embodimentsIn, described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has the first impedance that has the first impedancePath and have the second impedance path of the second impedance. Described surround lighting is eliminated circuit can further comprise the second switching electricityRoad, described the second commutation circuit for based on described one or more second control signal at least described the first impedance path withIn the middle of described the second impedance path, select.
In some embodiments, described the first sample circuit comprises the first sampling and maintenance (S/H) road, described the first samplingAnd holding circuit is used for: receive described the first voltage signal; Value to described the first voltage signal samples; AndIn the time interval between continuous sample, store described through sampling value. In some these type of embodiments, a described S/HCircuit comprises first capacitor with the first terminal and the second terminal. Described the first terminal receives described the first voltage letterNumber, and described the second terminal can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection. Described in described the first capacitor stores through samplingValue.
Similarly, in some embodiments, described the second sample circuit comprises the second sampling and maintenance (S/H) road, described inThe second sampling and holding circuit are used for: receive described the first voltage signal; Value to described the first voltage signal samples;And in time interval between continuous sample, store described through sampling value. In some these type of embodiments, describedTwo S/H circuit comprise second capacitor with the first terminal and the second terminal. Described the first terminal receives described the first electricityPress signal, and described the second terminal can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection. Warp described in described the second capacitor storesSampling value.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises A/D converter (ADC), and described A/D converter is used forBased on producing digital voltage signal by described first voltage signal of described the first sample circuit sampling. In some this type of enforcementIn scheme, described circuit further comprises for described the first voltage signal by described the first sample circuit sampling by instituteState ADC and receive the buffer that cushions described the first voltage signal before. In some these type of embodiments, described bufferingDevice comprises second operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal. Described the second computingDescribed first input end of amplifier can with the output electric coupling of described the first sample circuit, and described the second operation amplifierThe described lead-out terminal of device can with described second input terminal of described the second operational amplifier and with described ADC electric coupling.In some embodiments, described digital voltage signal represents user's heartbeat.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises for by described the of described the second sample circuit samplingOne voltage signal is eliminated circuit by described surround lighting and is received the buffer that cushions described the first voltage signal before. At some thisIn class embodiment, described buffer is only configured to just will be got by described the second sample circuit when receiving while enabling signalDescribed first voltage signal of sample outputs to described surround lighting and eliminates circuit. In some these type of embodiments, described in enableSignal is at least when described the first commutation circuit is asserted in the time that described first configures. In some embodiments, described inBuffer comprises second operational amplifier with first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal. Described secondDescribed first input end of operational amplifier can with the output electric coupling of described the second sample circuit, described the second computing is putThe large described lead-out terminal of device and described second input terminal of described the second operational amplifier and with described surround lighting eliminationCircuit electric coupling.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises the second commutation circuit being coupled with described photodetector. ?In some embodiments, the described the first terminal of described photodetector can with described the second commutation circuit electric coupling. At someIn this type of embodiment, described the second commutation circuit is based on one or more second control signal and by the institute of described photodetectorState the first terminal and be electrically coupled to the Voltage References such as such as ground connection.
In some embodiments, the described circuit of just having described may be implemented in for example portable monitoring arrangement and (for example, can wearWear wrist installing type device) etc. device in. In these a little embodiments, described device further comprises optical transmitting set, its useIn sending light towards user's skin region. It is described light transmitting that described device also comprises based on one or more the second control signalThe drive circuit of device power supply. In some embodiments, described the second control signal causes described drive circuit in instituteDuring stating the time interval of the first commutation circuit in the time of described the first configuration, connect described optical transmitting set. In some enforcement sidesIn case, described the second control signal causes described drive circuit described the first voltage to be believed at described the first sample circuitAfter number sampling and before described the first commutation circuit is switched to described the second configuration, turn off described optical transmitting set.
In some these type of embodiments, described drive circuit comprise there is first input end, the second input terminal andThe second operational amplifier of lead-out terminal. Described drive circuit also comprises D/A converter (DAC), described D/A switchThe sub-electric coupling of described first input end of device and described the second operational amplifier, for being provided to input signal described secondDescribed first input end of operational amplifier. Supply of electric power rail can be provided to electric power the first end of described optical transmitting setSon. In some embodiments, described drive circuit also comprises and has gate terminal, drain terminal and source terminalTransistor. Described gate terminal can with the described lead-out terminal electric coupling of described the second operational amplifier. Described drain terminalCan with the second terminal electric coupling of described optical transmitting set. Described source terminal can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection.Described source terminal can be further and the described second input terminal electric coupling of described the second operational amplifier, for feeding backSignal is provided to described the second operational amplifier. In some embodiments, described drive circuit further comprises electric capacityDevice, described capacitor electrode is coupled in the described lead-out terminal of described the second operational amplifier and described the second operational amplifierBetween described the second input terminal. Described drive circuit also can comprise be electrically coupled to described source terminal and described with reference to electricityResistor between pressure. In these a little embodiments, described the second operational amplifier can be configured to based on described circuitOperating period described feedback signal and cross over described resistor and maintain constant substantially voltage.
In another aspect, a kind of method comprises by controller and turns off or the optical transmitting set of stopping using. Described method also comprises logicalCrossing described controller causes commutation circuit to be converted to second be configured to stop using the first sample circuit and enable the from the first configurationTwo sample circuits are to sample the first detection signal. Described method also comprises by photodetector ambient light to be believedNumber. Described method also comprises by described photodetector and produces described the first detection signal based on described ambient light signal. InstituteThe method of stating also comprises by described the second sample circuit described the first detection signal is sampled. Described method also comprises logicalCross described the second sample circuit storage to described through sampling the proportional electric charge of the first detection signal. Described method also comprises logicalCrossing described controller connects or enables described optical transmitting set to send light emitted signal. Described method also comprises by describedController causes described commutation circuit to be converted to described first from described the second configuration and is configured to enable described the first sampling electricityRoad is to sample the second detection signal. Described method also comprises by described photodetector detection and comprises from described instituteThe transmitting component of utilizing emitted light signal and from the incident optical signal of the context components of described ambient light signal. Described method is also wrappedContaining producing described the second detection signal by described photodetector based on described incident optical signal. Described method also comprises and passes throughDescribed controller causes described the second sample circuit that described institute stored charge is sent to surround lighting and eliminates circuit. Described methodAlso comprise by described surround lighting and eliminate the described charge generation counteracting letter of circuit based on receiving from described the second sample circuitNumber to offset at least a portion of context components of described the second detection signal. Described method also comprises by described second getsSample circuit samples described the second detection signal in the time that described context components is cancelled. Described method also comprises based on instituteState through sampling the second detection signal output signal output.
In some embodiments, described method further comprises by described the second sample circuit storage described through samplingTwo detection signals. In some embodiments, described method further comprise by described in A/D converter digitlization through gettingSample the second detection signal is to export described output signal. In some embodiments, described method further comprises by instituteState controller and cause gain adjustable the regulation of electrical circuit or select impedance, and produce gain adjust signal to adjust described the second inspectionSurvey the gain of signal. In some embodiments, described method further comprises described photodetector is gone from reference voltageCoupling is to make described photodetector can produce described the second detection signal. In some embodiments, described method enters oneWalk to comprise described photodetector is coupled to reference voltage, make originally will be accumulated in owing to surround lighting described light and detectElectric charge in device can be drained.
With reference to detailed description graphic and below, these and other embodiment is described in further detail.
In some embodiments, a kind of circuit comprises: photodetector, it is for receiving light and producing based on described reception lightRaw first signal of telecommunication; The first commutation circuit, it has at least the first configuration and the second configuration, and described the first commutation circuit is usedIn: receive the first voltage signal based on described first signal of telecommunication, receive one or more the first control signal; Based on described oneOr multiple the first control signals are switched between at least described the first configuration and described the second configuration; The first sample circuit, itsFor the value of described the first voltage signal being sampled in the time that described first configures in described the first commutation circuit; SecondSample circuit, it is for entering the value of described the first voltage signal in the time that described second configures in described the first commutation circuitRow sampling; And surround lighting eliminates circuit, it is for producing the in described the first commutation circuit in described first when configurationOne current signal is to offset at least in part the first component of described first signal of telecommunication, and described the first current signal is based on oneOr multiple the second control signals and by the described value of described first voltage signal of described the second sample circuit sampling.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises: gain adjustable circuit, described gain adjustable circuitFor setting the second current signal with respect to described the first electricity in described the first commutation circuit in described first when configurationSignal is adjusted the gain of described the first voltage signal, described the second current signal be based on one or more the 3rd control signal andDescribed first signal of telecommunication.
In some embodiments, described first signal of telecommunication is current signal; Described circuit further comprises for described in generalFirst signal of telecommunication is converted to the current-to-voltage convertor of second voltage signal; Described the first voltage signal is based on described secondVoltage signal; Described gain adjustable circuit sets described second in described the first commutation circuit in the time that described first configuresCurrent signal is to adjust the gain of described second voltage signal with respect to described first signal of telecommunication, described the second current signal isBased on described one or more the 3rd control signal and described second voltage signal; And described surround lighting is eliminated circuit describedThe first commutation circuit produces described the first current signal in the time of described the first configuration, and described the first current signal is hadThe polarity contrary with described first signal of telecommunication is to offset at least in part described first component of described first signal of telecommunication.
In some embodiments, described current-to-voltage convertor and described gain adjustable circuit form transimpedance amplificationDevice.
In some embodiments, described current-to-voltage convertor comprise there is first input end, the second input terminal andThe first operational amplifier of lead-out terminal; The first terminal of described first input end and described photodetector and described adjustableThe first terminal electric coupling of whole gain circuitry; Described the second input terminal and reference voltage electric coupling, described lead-out terminal withThe second terminal electric coupling of described gain adjustable circuit, described lead-out terminal is also for exporting described second voltage signal.
In some embodiments, described gain adjustable circuit the described the first terminal of described gain adjustable circuit withBetween described second terminal of described gain adjustable circuit, comprise adjustable impedance level, described adjustable impedance level is used for carryingSupply adjustable impedance to adjust described the second current signal based on described one or more the 3rd control signal.
In some embodiments, described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has and hasThe first impedance path of the first impedance and have the second impedance path of the second impedance; And described gain adjustable circuit entersOne step comprises the second commutation circuit, described the second commutation circuit for based on described one or more the 3rd control signal at leastBetween described the first impedance path and described the second impedance path, select.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises for cushioning described second voltage signal to produce describedThe buffer of one voltage signal.
In some embodiments, described buffer comprises and has first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminalThe second operational amplifier; Described first input end of described the second operational amplifier and described the first operational amplifierDescribed lead-out terminal electric coupling, the described lead-out terminal of described the second operational amplifier and the institute of described the second operational amplifierState the second input terminal electric coupling.
In some embodiments, described the first buffer further comprises in series electric coupling at described the second operation amplifierResistor between the described lead-out terminal of device and described the first commutation circuit.
In some embodiments, described surround lighting eliminate circuit eliminates circuit the first terminal at described surround lighting with described inBetween the second terminal of surround lighting elimination circuit, comprise adjustable impedance level, described adjustable impedance level is used for providing capable of regulatingImpedance is to adjust described the first current signal based on described one or more second control signal.
In some embodiments, described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has and hasThe first impedance path of the first impedance and have the second impedance path of the second impedance; And described surround lighting elimination circuit entersOne step comprises the second commutation circuit, described the second commutation circuit for based on described one or more second control signal at leastBetween described the first impedance path and described the second impedance path, select.
In some embodiments, described the first sample circuit comprises the first sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit, and described first getsSample and holding circuit are used for: receive described the first voltage signal; Value to described the first voltage signal samples; AndIn the time interval between continuous sample, store described through sampling value.
In some embodiments, a described S/H circuit comprises: first electric capacity with the first terminal and the second terminalDevice, described the first terminal is used for receiving described the first voltage signal, described the second terminal and reference voltage electric coupling, described inThe first capacitor is used for storing described through sampling value.
In some embodiments, described the second sample circuit comprises the second sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit, and described second getsSample and holding circuit are used for: receive described the first voltage signal; Value to described the first voltage signal samples; AndIn the time interval between continuous sample, store described through sampling value.
In some embodiments, described the 2nd S/H circuit comprises: second electric capacity with the first terminal and the second terminalDevice, described the first terminal is used for receiving described the first voltage signal, described the second terminal and reference voltage electric coupling, described inThe second capacitor is used for storing described through sampling value.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises for based on by described in described the first sample circuit samplingThe first voltage signal produces the A/D converter (ADC) of digital voltage signal.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises for by described the of described the first sample circuit samplingOne voltage signal cushions the buffer of described the first voltage signal before being received by described ADC.
In some embodiments, described buffer comprises and has first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminalThe second operational amplifier; Described first input end of described the second operational amplifier is defeated with described the first sample circuitGo out electric coupling, described second input of the described lead-out terminal of described the second operational amplifier and described the second operational amplifierTerminal and with described ADC electric coupling.
In some embodiments, described digital voltage signal represents user's heartbeat.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises for by described the of described the second sample circuit samplingOne voltage signal is eliminated circuit by described surround lighting and is received the buffer that cushions described the first voltage signal before.
In some embodiments, described buffer is only configured to just will get by described second when receiving while enabling signalDescribed first voltage signal of sample circuit sampling outputs to described surround lighting and eliminates circuit, described in to enable signal be at least to work as instituteState the first commutation circuit is asserted in the time of described the first configuration.
In some embodiments, described buffer comprises and has first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminalThe second operational amplifier, described first input end of described the second operational amplifier is defeated with described the second sample circuitGo out electric coupling, described second input of the described lead-out terminal of described the second operational amplifier and described the second operational amplifierTerminal and eliminate circuit electric coupling with described surround lighting.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises the second commutation circuit, described first of described photodetectorTerminal and described the second commutation circuit electric coupling, described the second commutation circuit for based on one or more the 3rd control signal andThe described the first terminal of described photodetector is coupled to Voltage Reference.
In some embodiments, described circuit further comprises described the first control signal of generation and described the second control letterNumber microcontroller.
In some embodiments, a kind of device comprises: according to the circuit described in technical scheme 1, and optical transmitting set,It is for sending light towards user's skin region.
In some embodiments, described device further comprises: be that described light is sent out based on one or more second control signalThe drive circuit of emitter power supply.
In some embodiments, described the second control signal causes described drive circuit at described the first commutation circuit placeDuring the time interval in the time of described the first configuration, connect described optical transmitting set.
In some embodiments, described the second control signal causes described drive circuit at described the first sample circuitAfter described the first voltage signal is sampled and before described the first commutation circuit is switched to described the second configuration, closeFall described optical transmitting set.
In some embodiments, described drive circuit comprises: the second operational amplifier, its have first input end,The second input terminal and lead-out terminal; D/A converter (DAC), itself and described the second operational amplifier described first defeatedEnter terminal electric coupling, for input signal being provided to described first input end of described the second operational amplifier; Electric powerSupply rail, it is for being provided to electric power the first terminal of described optical transmitting set; Transistor, it has gate terminal, leakageGate terminal and source terminal, the described lead-out terminal electric coupling of described gate terminal and described the second operational amplifier, described inThe second terminal electric coupling of drain terminal and described optical transmitting set, and described source terminal and reference voltage electric coupling, described inSource terminal further with the described second input terminal electric coupling of described the second operational amplifier for by feedback signalBe provided to described the second operational amplifier; Capacitor, it is electrically coupled to the described lead-out terminal of described the second operational amplifierAnd between described second input terminal of described the second operational amplifier; And resistor, it is electrically coupled to described source terminalBetween sub and described reference voltage, wherein said the second operational amplifier is configured to operating period based on described circuitDescribed feedback signal and maintain the constant voltage substantially of crossing over described resistor.
In some embodiments, described optical transmitting set and being arranged at least in part according to the circuit described in technical scheme 1In the shell that can be worn by user.
In some embodiments, a kind of method comprises: turn off or the optical transmitting set of stopping using by controller; By described controlDevice processed causes commutation circuit to be converted to the second configuration from the first configuration, to stop using the first sample circuit and enable the second sampling electricityRoad is to sample the first detection signal; By photodetector testing environment optical signal; By described photodetector based onDescribed ambient light signal produces described the first detection signal; By described the second sample circuit, described the first detection signal is enteredRow sampling; By described the second sample circuit storage to described through sampling the proportional electric charge of the first detection signal; By instituteStating controller connects or enables described optical transmitting set to send light emitted signal; Cause described switching by described controllerCircuit is converted to described the first configuration from described the second configuration, to enable described the first sample circuit with to the second detection signalSample; Detect and comprise from the transmitting component of described light emitted signal and from described ring by described photodetectorThe incident optical signal of the context components of border optical signal; Produce described by described photodetector based on described incident optical signalTwo detection signals; Causing described the second sample circuit that described institute stored charge is sent to surround lighting by described controller disappearsDividing circuit; Eliminate the described charge generation of circuit based on receiving from described the second sample circuit by described surround lighting and offset letterNumber, to offset at least a portion of context components of described the second detection signal; By described the second sample circuit describedWhen context components is cancelled, described the second detection signal is sampled; And based on described defeated through sampling the second detection signalGo out output signal.
In some embodiments, described method further comprises: described through sampling by described the second sample circuit storageThe second detection signal; By described in A/D converter digitlization through sampling the second detection signal to export described output signal.
In some embodiments, described method further comprises: cause gain adjustable circuit by described controller:Adjust or select impedance; And produce gain adjust signal to adjust the gain of described the second detection signal.
In some embodiments, described method further comprises: make described photodetector from reference voltage decoupling to makeDescribed photodetector can produce described the second detection signal.
In some embodiments, described method further comprises: described photodetector is coupled to reference voltage, makesOriginally the electric charge being accumulated in owing to surround lighting in described photodetector can be drained.
Brief description of the drawings
Various embodiments disclosed herein in the figure of accompanying drawing as an example and unrestricted being illustrated, at accompanying drawingIn, similar reference number can refer to like.
Fig. 1 illustrates the portable monitoring arrangement of example of realizing via the user interactions of user interface.
Fig. 2 A explanation can be fastened to via using belt user's the portable monitoring arrangement of example.
Fig. 2 B provides the view of the portable monitoring arrangement of example of Fig. 2 A, and it shows the part towards skin of described device.
Fig. 2 C provides the cross-sectional view of the portable monitoring arrangement of Fig. 2 A.
Fig. 3 A provides the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of the portable monitoring arrangement of example.
Fig. 3 B describes the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of the portable monitoring arrangement of example; This projection is similar to institute in Fig. 3 AThe projection presenting, just light source and photoelectric detector are placed on the PCB of smooth and/or hard.
Fig. 3 C provides another cross-sectional view of example PPG sensor embodiment.
The example of potential PPG light source of Fig. 4 A explanation and photoelectric detector geometry.
Fig. 4 B and 4C explanation have the example of the PPG sensor of photoelectric detector and two LED light sources.
Fig. 5 illustrates that tool is bossed through optimizing the example of PPG detector, and described projection has curved side in order to avoid makes userDo not feel well.
Fig. 6 A explanation has the example of the portable monitoring arrangement of belt; Optical pickocff and optical transmitting set can be placed on instituteState on belt.
Fig. 6 B explanation has the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of display and wrist strap. In addition optics PPG (example,As, heart rate) detecting sensor and/or transmitter can be positioned on the side of biometric monitoring arrangement. In one embodiment,These each persons can be arranged in side installing type button.
Fig. 7 describes side that user presses portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement and passes with installing type optics heart rate detection from the sideSensor carries out heart rate measurement. The display of biometric monitoring arrangement can show whether detect heart rate and/or show userHeart rate.
Fig. 8 illustrated example biometric monitoring arrangement intelligent alarm feature functional.
Fig. 9 illustrates the mobile degree experiencing based on biometric monitoring arrangement and changes its mode that detects user heart rateThe example of portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement.
Figure 10 illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement on it with bicycle application program, voluntarily describedCar application program can show step and other tolerance of bicycle speed and/or pedal.
The example block diagram of Figure 11 A explanation PPG sensor, described PPG sensor have light source, photodetector, ADC,Processor, DAC/GPIO, and the intensity of light source and ON/OFF control.
Figure 11 B explanation is similar to the example block diagram of the PPG sensor of the PPG sensor of Figure 11 A, described PPG sensingDevice additionally uses sampling and holding circuit and analog signal to regulate.
Figure 11 C explanation is similar to the example block diagram of the PPG sensor of the PPG sensor of Figure 11 A, described PPG sensingDevice additionally uses sampling and holding circuit.
Figure 11 D explanation has multiple switchable light sources and detector, the intensity of light source/switch control and circuit for signal conditioningThe example block diagram of PPG sensor.
Figure 11 E explanation is used the example block diagram of the synchronous PPG sensor detecting. For the PPG that carries out this type detects,It has demodulator.
The example block diagram of Figure 11 F explanation PPG sensor, described PPG sensor is except the sensor illustrating in Figure 11 AOutside feature, also there is difference amplifier.
The example block diagram of Figure 11 G explanation PPG sensor, described PPG sensor has Figure 11 A to shown in 11FThe feature of PPG sensor.
Figure 12 A explanation has heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor and connects everywhereThe example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the telecommunication circuit of reason device.
Figure 12 B explanation has heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor, position sensingDevice, height above sea level sensor, skin electric conductivity/humidity sensor and be connected to the portable biometric of the telecommunication circuit of processorThe example of metering monitoring arrangement.
Figure 12 C explanation has biosensor, environmental sensor and is connected to the portable life of the position sensor of processorThe example of thing metering monitoring arrangement.
The example of heart rate is measured in Figure 13 A explanation with motor message and optics PPG signal.
Another example of heart rate is measured in Figure 13 B explanation with motor message and optics PPG signal.
Figure 14 A explanation has the example of the sensor connecting to the simulation of sensor processor.
Figure 14 B explanation has the example of the sensor connecting to the simulation of sensor processor, and described sensor processor againHave to the numeral of application processor and connect.
Figure 14 C explanation has the example of the sensor device of one or more sensors of the application processor of being connected to.
Figure 14 D explanation has the example of the sensor device of the one or more sensors that are connected to sensor processor, instituteState sensor processor and be connected to again application processor.
Figure 15 A explanation is used the example of the swimming detection algorithm of sequential algorithm flow process.
Figure 15 B explanation is used the example of the swimming detection algorithm of parallel algorithm flow process.
The example of Figure 15 C explanation use order and the swimming detection algorithm mixing of parallel algorithm flow process.
The example of Figure 15 D explanation use order and the swimming detection algorithm mixing of parallel algorithm flow process.
Figure 16 A explanation can be used for the sampling of PPG sensing and the example schematic of holding circuit and difference/instrument amplifier.
Figure 16 B explanation comes before transimpedance amplifier, to compensate " partially with controlled current source for PPG sensorPut " example schematic of the circuit of electric current.
Figure 16 C explanation is used for being applied to photodiode (across resistance for the use sampling of PPG sensor and holding circuitBefore anti-amplifier) the example schematic of circuit of current feedback.
Figure 16 D explanation has surround lighting and eliminates the electricity of functional difference/instrument amplifier for the use of PPG sensorThe example schematic on road.
Figure 16 E explanation compensates the electricity of the electric current dynamically being produced by DAC for the use photodiode of PPG sensorThe example schematic on road.
Figure 16 F explanation compensates for the use photodiode of PPG sensor the electric current dynamically being produced by controlled voltage sourceThe example schematic of circuit.
Figure 16 G explanation removes functional for the surround lighting that comprises use " switched capacitor " method of PPG sensorThe example schematic of circuit.
Figure 16 H explanation compensates for the use photodiode of PPG sensor the electric current being produced by constant current source, and (this alsoUseful constant voltage source and resistor complete) the example schematic of circuit.
Figure 16 I explanation is for the electricity that comprises surround lighting and remove the differencing between functional and continuous sample of PPG sensorThe example schematic on road.
Figure 16 J explanation remove for surround lighting and continuous sample between the example schematic of circuit of differencing.
Figure 17 show according to some embodiments for driving optical transmitting set to send optical signal LETo user's skin areaOn example light transmitting drive circuit.
Figure 18 show according to some embodiments for detection of scattered light signal LSAnd for based on described scattered light signalLSThe block diagram of the example light testing circuit of output signal output OUT.
Figure 19 show according to some embodiments for implementing the example circuit of optical detection circuit of Figure 18.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention be directed to biometric monitoring arrangement (its herein and be incorporated to by reference any with reference to case inAlso can be described as " biometric tracking means ", " personal health monitoring arrangement ", " portable monitoring arrangement ", " justTake formula biometric monitoring arrangement ", " biometric monitoring arrangement ", etc.), it can be described as wearable device conventionally,Conventionally there is little size, through designing to be worn relatively continuously by people. In the time wearing, these a little biometrics monitor dressPut the data of collecting about the performed activity of wearer or wearer's physiological status. These data can comprise and represent wearerThe mutual data of surrounding environment around or wearer and environment, for example, about the exercise data of wearer's movement,Surround lighting, ambient noise, air quality, etc., and the physiology obtaining by measuring wearer's various physiological propertiesData, for example heart rate, level of perspiration, etc.
As mentioned above, biometric monitoring arrangement is generally little so that wearer is inconspicuous in size.Fitbit provides all very little and very light several biometric monitoring arrangement, and for example, FitbitFlex is a kind ofWrist strap, it has insertable biometric monitoring arrangement, takes advantage of 1.3 inches long to take advantage of 0.25 inch for its approximately 0.5 inch wide.Biometric monitoring arrangement conventionally through design can wear long time period in the situation that there is no sense of discomfort, and do not disturbNormal daily routines.
In some cases, biometric monitoring arrangement can utilize other device in biometric monitoring arrangement outside, exampleAs, the outside heart rate monitor that is the EKG forms of sensor on pectoral girdle can be in order to obtain heart rate data, or smart phoneIn gps receiver can be in order to obtain position data. In some cases, biometric monitoring arrangement can use wired orRadio communication connects and these communication with external apparatus. The concept that discloses and discuss herein can be applicable to independent biometricMonitoring arrangement and utilization be provided in sensor in external device (ED) or functional (for example, external sensor, by smart phoneThe sensor providing or functional, etc.) biometric monitoring arrangement both.
One, the concept of discussing herein may be implemented in independent biometric monitoring arrangement and (in due course) utilizedIn the biometric monitoring arrangement of external device (ED).
Although should be understood that the concept and the discussion that comprised are to present herein in the context of biometric monitoring arrangement,If but suitably hardware can be used, these concepts also can be applied in other context equally so. For instance, many existingComprise the motion sensors such as the such as accelerometer being conventionally contained in biometric monitoring arrangement for smart phone, and ifSuitably hardware can be used in device, and the concept of discussing so herein may be implemented in this device. In effect, this can seeDo by smart phone change into a certain form biometric monitoring arrangement (but for be greater than canonical biometric measure monitoring arrangement andThe biometric monitoring arrangement that may not wear in the same manner). These a little embodiments are also interpreted as in model of the present inventionIn enclosing.
Functional can the providing with several distinct methods of discussing herein. For instance, in some embodiments,Processor can be by being stored in the computer executable instructions control in memory to provide functional as described herein. ?In other embodiment, this functional form that can circuit provides. In other embodiment again, this functional canBy be stored in the memory of one or more custom-designed coupling of circuits in computer executable instructions control oneOr multiple processors provide. Can be in order to the various examples of implementing the hardware of the concept of general introduction herein including but not limited to speciallyWith integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), and be used for controlling holding of general purpose microprocessor with storageThe general purpose microprocessor of the memory coupling of row instruction.
Independent biometric monitoring arrangement can several form factors provide, and can wear in many ways through design.In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be worn in housing and maybe can be inserted into can be inserted into one through designIn multiple different housings worn, for example, wrist strap housing, strap clamp housing (belt-clipcase), suspension member housing, through joiningPut to be attached to the housing of exercise devices such as such as bicycle, etc. These a little embodiments are for example described in greater detail inThe 14/029th of application on September 17th, 2013, in No. 764 U.S. patent application case, described U.S. patent application case for this reasonObject is incorporated to hereby by reference. In other embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be through design only to press oneThe mode of kind is worn, and for example, the biometric monitoring arrangement being integrated in wrist strap in non-removable mode can setly only be worn onIn people's wrist (or possibility ankle).
Can have and be suitable for being coupled to according to the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of embodiment as herein described and embodiment(for example, be fastened to, wear, be supported, etc.) user's health or the shape of clothes and size. Portable biometric meteringThe examples show of monitoring arrangement is in Fig. 1; The portable monitoring arrangement of described example can have user interface, processor, lifeThing gage probe, memory, environmental sensor and/or can with the wireless transceiver of client and/or server communication.The examples show of weared on wrist type portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement in Fig. 2 A in 2C. This device can have display,Button, electron device package, and/or attached band. Attached band can via use shackle (for example, Velcro), buckle and/orThere is the belt (for example,, via using spring metal band) for the memory of its shape and be fastened to user. In Fig. 2 B,Can see sensor projection and recess for coordinating charger and/or data transmission cable. In Fig. 2 C, show throughThe cross section of electron device package. It should be noted that sensor projection, main PCB plate, and display.
Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be collected from embedded type sensor and/or external device (ED) the life of one or more typeReason and/or environmental data, and this information is passed on or is relayed to other device and (comprise the number that can serve as accessible internetAccording to the device in source), thereby permit for example inspecting collected number by web browser or network application programAccording to. For instance, in the time that user adorns oneself with biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can use one or moreBiometric sensors (for example, using one or more accelerometer, gyroscope and/or other motion sensor) calculates and depositsStorage user's step number. Biometric monitoring arrangement can be then by the data transmission of step number that represents user to network service (exampleAs, www.fitbit.com) on account, computer, mobile phone, or wherein can store, process and be observed by userThe health station of data. In fact, biometric monitoring arrangement is except user's step number or replace user's step number also can surveyMeasure or calculate multiple other physiology tolerance. These physiology are measured including but not limited to energy consumption, for example, and calorie burningValue, the number of floor levels of climbing up and/or climbing down, heart rate, changes in heart rate, heart rate recovery, position and/or trend (for example via GPS,GLONASS or similar system), rise, walk about speed and/or travel distance, swimming one way counting, stroke type andThe counting that detects, bicycle distance and/or speed, blood pressure, blood sugar, skin conductance, skin and/or body temp,The muscular states, the brain activity of measuring by electroencephalography, body weight, body fat measured via electromyography,Calorie take in, from the nutrition absorption of food, medicine take in, sleep cycle, for example clock time, sleep stage, sleepDormancy quality and/or duration, pH value level, aquation level, respiratory rate, and other physiology tolerance. BiologicalThe tolerance that metering monitoring arrangement can also be measured or calculating is relevant with user's environment around, for example atmospheric pressure, weather barPart (for example, temperature, humidity, pollen count, air quality, rain/ice-lolly part, wind speed), light expose (for example, surround lighting,UV light exposes, time and/or the duration of cost in the dark), post noise exposure, radioactive exposure, and magnetic field. In addition,Collect biometric monitoring arrangement or the system of data flow from biometric monitoring arrangement and can calculate the degree that from then on data deriveAmount. For instance, device or system can be come via the combination of changes in heart rate, skin conductance, noise pollution and sleep qualityCalculate user's anxiety and/or relaxation level. In another example, device or system can be taken in via medicine, the data of sleepingAnd/or effect of medical intervention (for example medicine) is determined in the combination of activity data. In a further example, biometric monitorsDevice or system can be determined via the combination of pollen data, medicine absorption, sleep and/or activity data the merit of allergic drugEffect. To provide these examples only in order illustrating, and not wish for restrictive or detailed. Sensor device furtherThe title that embodiment and embodiment are found on June 8th, 2011 application for " portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement andIts method of operating (PortableBiometricMonitoringDevicesandMethodsofOperatingS ame) "The title of U.S. patent application case application on August 6th, 13/156,304 and 2012 is " Fitbit tracker (FitbitTracker), in U.S. patent application case 61/680,230 ", both full text of described U.S. patent application case is hereby to drawWith mode be incorporated herein.
Biosensor
The biometric monitoring arrangement of discussing herein can with one, some or all ofly obtain physiology number with lower sensorAccording to, including but not limited to the physiological data of summarizing in following table. All combinations and the arrangement of biosensor and/or physiological dataSet falling within the scope of the present invention. Biometric monitoring arrangement can be used for obtaining including but not limited to following appointment corresponding rawThe type of reason one of data, some or all of sensors; In fact, also can or alternatively use the sensing of other typeDevice obtains corresponding physiological data, and also set the falling within the scope of the present invention of sensor of these a little other types. In addition,Biometric monitoring arrangement can be exported data from respective sensor and derive physiological data, can be from described biography including but not limited to itNumber or the type of the physiological data that sensor is derived.
In an example embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff with detection, sensing, sampling and/ or generation can be in order to determine that representation case is as the data of the information of user's anxiety (or its level), blood pressure and/or heart rate. (see,For example Fig. 2 A is to 3C and 11A to 11G). In these a little embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical sensingDevice, it has one or more light source (LED, laser, etc.) to send or to export the health of light to user, and light detectsDevice (photodiode, optotransistor, etc.) sampling, to measure and/or to detect this light from the response of user's body or reflection andProvide the anxiety (or its level), blood pressure and/or the heart rate that represent user in order to determine (for example,, for example, by using photoelectricity volumeFigure) the data of data.
In an example embodiment, user's heart rate measurement can be by (or being connected to its processing by one or more sensorCircuit) definite criterion and triggering. For instance, when the data instruction from motion sensor is static or have few motionCycle time, biometric monitoring arrangement can trigger, obtains and/or obtain heart rate measurement or data. (see, for example Fig. 9,12A and 12B).
Figure 12 A explanation has heart rate or PPG sensor, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor and connects everywhereThe example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the telecommunication circuit of reason device. Figure 12 B explanation has heart rate or PPG sensingDevice, motion sensor, display, vibrating motor, position sensor, height above sea level sensor, skin electric conductivity/humiditySensor and be connected to the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the telecommunication circuit of processor.
In one embodiment, when motion sensor indicating user is movable or motion (for example, for triggering, obtain and/orObtain required heart rate measurement or data (for example,, in order to determine user's the data of resting heart rate) improper or not bestMotion) time, can put in order to the biometric monitoring arrangement and/or the sensor that obtain and/or obtain required heart rate measurement or dataIn or be held in low power state. Because the heart rate measurement during movement carrying out may not too reliable and possibility passive movementIllusion is destroyed, so when biometric monitoring arrangement is at the volley time, may need to reduce to collect the frequency of heart rate data sampleRate (thereby reducing power use).
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use the movable or motion of indicating user data (for example, fromOne or more motion sensor) adjust or revise triggering, obtain and/or obtain the characteristic (example of required heart rate measurement or dataAs, to improve the robustness to motion artifact). For instance, if receiving indicating user, biometric monitoring arrangement livesThe data of moving or motion, biometric monitoring arrangement capable of regulating or amendment are in order to obtain the getting of sensor of heart rate data soSample rate and/or resolution model (for example, in the situation that user movement amount exceedes a certain threshold value, biometric monitoring arrangementCan increase sampling rate and/or increase the sampling resolution pattern of sensor in order to obtain heart rate measurement or data). In addition,Biometric monitoring arrangement can in these a little cycles of User Activity or motion, (for example, user movement amount exceedes the week of a certain threshold valuePhase) during adjust or amendment motion sensor sampling rate and/or resolution model. In this way, when biometric monitorsWhen device is determined or this User Activity or motion detected, biometric monitoring arrangement can be placed in motion sensor higher gettingSample rate and/or higher sampling resolution pattern are for example to realize the adaptive-filtering more accurately of heart rate signal. (see, for example,Fig. 9).
Fig. 9 illustrates the mobile degree experiencing based on biometric monitoring arrangement and changes its mode that detects user heart rateThe example of portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement. The situation of motion (for example,, via using accelerometer) detected thereinUnder, user can be thought in " activity " by biometric monitoring arrangement, and high sampling rate heart rate detection can occur to reduceMotion artifact in heart rate measurement. Can preserve and/or show this data. Determine that at biometric monitoring arrangement user does not moveIn the situation of (or sitting relatively), low sampling rate heart rate detection (it does not consume so much power) can be suitably for measuring heart rateAnd thereby can be used.
It should be noted that in biometric monitoring arrangement optical technology to come for example by using photoelectricity volume diagram to obtainIn the situation of heart rate measurement or data, can determine or set up by heart rate sensor and carry out data acquisition with motor messageOr measure ad hoc approach or the technology of (for example, synchronously detect instead of non-amplitude modulation method) and/or its analysis. (see exampleAs Figure 11 E). In this way, the data of indicating user motion or activity can cause biometric monitoring arrangement set up or adjustThe whole data acquisition being used by one or more optics heart rate sensor or type or the technology of measurement.
For instance, in one embodiment, when motion detector circuit detect or determine biometric monitoring arrangement wearThe person's of wearing motion is (for example, if biometric monitoring arrangement is determined user's sitting or sleeping) during lower than threshold value, biometricMonitoring arrangement (or as heart rate measurement technology disclosed herein) capable of regulating and/or reduce the sampling rate of optics heart rate sampling.(see, for example, Fig. 9). In this way, biometric monitoring arrangement can be controlled its power consumption. For instance, biologyMetering monitoring arrangement can reduce power consumption by reducing sensor sampling rate, and for example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be every10 minutes once or every 1 minute 10 seconds Di heart rate is sampled to (via heart rate sensor). It should be noted that anotherOutward or alternatively, biometric monitoring arrangement can be via dividing according to motion detection control data processing circuit analysis and/or dataAnalyse technology and power ratio control consumption. Thus, user's motion may affect that heart rate data gets parms and/or data analysis orIts processing.
Motion artifact in heart rate sensor suppresses
As discussed above, can be by improving the sensor measurement by PPG with one or more algorithm to remove motion artifactOriginal heart rate signal. Can use sensor measurement user's movement (for determining motion artifact), described sensor comprisesBut be not limited to accelerometer, gyroscope, proximity detector, magnetometer, etc. The target of these a little algorithms is to use from doingFor other sensor movable signal of capturing instructing remove PPG signal to be attributable to mobile component (mobile falseResemble). In one embodiment, can use sef-adapting filter based on hybrid card Thalmann filter (Kalmanfilter) andLittle all square wave filters or recursive least-squares wave filter remove the mobile illusion in PPG signal. Can then use peak meterFigure method or power spectral density algorithm for estimating from clean/extract heart rate through filtering signal. Or, can use Kalman filterOr particle filter removes this little mobile illusions.
Can be to be by heart rate signal model creation in order to calculate the other method of heart rate frequencyY＝Ydc+∑ak*coskθ+bk* sink θ, the exponent number that wherein k is harmonic component, and θ is the model ginseng for heart rateNumber. This model can then use extended Kalman filter or particle filter and be fitted to signal. This is below model utilizationTrue: signal is also non-sinusoidal, therefore contains power at primary harmonic and both places of multiple extra harmonic waves.
Or, can be Y=Y by signal modelingdc+∑ak*sin(k*wmotiont+θ)+∑bk*sin(k*WHRT+ φ), itsMiddle wmotionDirectly estimate from accelerometer signal (or another motion sensor signal).
Surround lighting and the colour of skin
Surround lighting and the colour of skin may make to be difficult to the heart rate from PPG signal extraction user. Can be by opening from PPG light sourceTime the sensed light signal that receives when deducting PPG light source and closing of the value of the sensed light signal that receives value and reduce environmentThe impact (supposing that two signals are in the time acquisition of close proximity each other) of light.
Can be by changing the intensity of PPG light source, the light wavelength of sending from light source and/or passing through to use corresponding to two notThe ratio of the received signal of co-wavelength or difference and reduce the impact of the colour of skin. Can input by user (for example, Yong HujianEnter its colour of skin), human face's image etc. determines the colour of skin, and can follow subsequently with the colour of skin come calibration algorithm, light-source brightness,Optical source wavelength and receiver gain. Also can be by the signal with known amplitude being sent to light source and then measuring from photoelectricityThe signal that detector receives is measured the impact of the colour of skin (and compactness of user's wearable device) on original PPG signal. ThisClass signal can send and reaches the time cycle (so that via multiple expection heartbeat capture data) of prolongation and be then averaging to produceDo not depend on the stable state data group of heart rate. Can be then by this amplitude compared with the class value being stored in table to determine calculationMethod calibration, transmitter amplitude and receiver gain.
Use the heart rate of heuristic to estimate to improve
For example, in the initial estimation (, the peak counting of estimating by power spectral density) that obtains heart rate, afterwards, it can be used for rightThe allowed speed of heart rate applies boundary. Can be for these boundaries of each user optimization, unique because each user will haveHeart rate overview. For instance, can in the time that each user maintains static, estimate its sitting heart rate, and this can be used as user's stepLower limit when row. Similarly, as 1/2nd of the walking frequency of calculating from pedometer can serve as for expecting the good of heart rateGood lower limit.
Algorithm of heart rate can be for each customization, and can learn user's heart rate overview and be suitable for user's behavior and/or spyProperty so as in time pass better expressively. For instance, the historical data that described algorithm can be based on from user and to spyDetermine heart rate or walking rate setting boundary during body movement. This can be destroyed by noise and/or motion artifact at heart rate dataTime better result is provided.
HR quality metric
In another example embodiment, the signal quality metrics of heart rate/PPG signal can be in order to provide the accurate of produced signalThe quantification of degree/accuracy. Depend on the value of this tolerance, determine heart rate (or other PPG derivation degree such as for example breathing of userAmount) algorithm can take some action, comprise and allow user strain watchband, ignore some part (example of collected heart rate dataAs, there is the data segment of low quality metric), and some part of heart rate data is weighted and (for example, has more high-qualityThe data of the amount of measuring can give larger weight in the time calculating heart rate).
In one embodiment, sending out signals quality metric as follows: draw scatter diagram, wherein x axle is the time, and yAxle is the frequency of the peak value in the PPG of that given time signal. Use this strategy problem to be overcome be give timingMay there is multiple and/or zero peak value quarter. Line of best fit is capture line sexual intercourse in this scatter diagram. High-quality signal shouldThere is the one group of peak value that is fitted to well line (in short time span), and bad signal will have can not be by line wellOne group of peak value describing. Therefore, provide the good measure of the quality of PPG signal self to the matching quality of line.
Sitting, sleep and activity classification tolerance
In another example embodiment, when device is determined user's sitting or when sleeping, biometric monitoring arrangement can use biographySensor calculates changes in heart rate. Herein, biometric monitoring arrangement can higher rate sampling mode (with respect to non-sitting weekPhase or exceed User Activity cycle of predetermined threshold) operation sensor to be to calculate changes in heart rate. Biometric monitoring arrangement (orExternal device (ED)) can use changes in heart rate as health of heart or nervous designator.
In fact, in certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can user's sitting and/or sleeping (for example, as byBiometric monitoring arrangement detects and/or determines) time measures and/or determines user's nervous level and/or health of heart. ThisSome embodiment of bright biometric monitoring arrangement can use instruction changes in heart rate, skin electroresponse, skin temperature, bodyThe sensing data of temperature and/or heart rate determine user nervous level, health status (for example, the risk of fever or flu,Outbreak, or progress), and/or health of heart. In this way, the treatment circuit of biometric monitoring arrangement can determine and/orThe heart " health " of following the tracks of " baseline " nervous level of the user who passes in time and/or passing in time. Real at anotherExecute in example, described device therein user without motion (or user's motion is lower than predetermined threshold, for example when user be just seated,Lie down, sleeping or for example, when sleep stage (, deep sleep)) one or more cycle during measure user's physiological parameter.These data also can be by biometric monitoring arrangement for example, with acting on nervous relevant parameter, health-related parameter (, fever or senseThe risk of emitting or outbreak), " base of health of heart, changes in heart rate, skin electroresponse, skin temperature, body temperature and/or heart rateLine ".
Sleep monitors
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically detect or definite user is just attempting to fall asleep, enterSleep, fall asleep and/or wake up from sleep cycle. In these a little embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use biosensorObtain data, and the data processing circuit of biometric monitoring arrangement can make to receive from the sensor of biometric monitoring arrangementThe combination phase of heart rate, changes in heart rate, respiratory rate, skin electroresponse, motion, skin temperature and/or the temperature data of collectionClose with detection or definite user and whether just attempting to fall asleep, fall asleep, falling asleep and/or waking up from sleep cycle. As response,Biometric monitoring arrangement can for example obtain physiological data (as described herein type and in mode as described herein)And/or definite user's physiological condition (as described herein type and in mode as described herein). For instance,The minimizing of user movement or stop in conjunction with the change of user's heart rate and/or changes in heart rate reduce can indicating user sleeping. The heartThe then sleep state in order to definite user by biometric monitoring arrangement of the follow-up change of rate variation and skin electroresponseTransformation (for example, changing more shallow and/or darker sleep stage into) between two or more sleep stages. UserMotion and/or the heart rate of rising and/or the change of changes in heart rate can be awake in order to determine user by biometric monitoring arrangementCome.
In real time, window or batch processing can be in order to determining waking, transformation between sleep and sleep stage. For instance,Can be in time window (heart rate raises and reduces during in the centre of described window (and/or end) in the beginning of described window) the measurement heartReducing of rate. Awakening can be used motor message by hidden Markov model with sleep stage, and (motion for example, reducing is strongDegree), the change of heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin temperature, skin electroresponse and/or ambient light level classified. CanPut algorithm (for example, Bayes changes point analysis) by change and determine transition point. Can be by observing wherein user's heart rateIn predetermined lasting time, reduce at least a certain threshold value but resting heart rate in user (it is for example observed user in sleepTime minimum heart rate) predetermined margin in cycle determine awakening with sleep between transformation. Similarly, can be by observationUser's heart rate increase to higher than on the predetermined threshold of user's resting heart rate and determine sleep with awaken between transformation.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be an assembly of the system for monitoring sleep, Qi ZhongsuoThe system of stating comprises and is configured to communicate by letter with biometric monitoring arrangement and be suitable for being placed near servicing unit (example sleeperAs, alarm clock). In some embodiments, described servicing unit has the biometric received monitoring arrangement to pacifyThe shape of all risk insurance pipe, communication and/or charging and machinery and/or magnetic interfaces. But described servicing unit also can be generalIn biometric monitoring arrangement, for example without particular design with the biometric monitoring arrangement Intelligent electric connecing that is physically situated betweenWords. Can (comprise for example bluetooth 4.0 and bluetooth low energy via wired communication interface or via wireless communication interface and for example bluetoothAmount agreement), the agreement such as RFID, NFC or WLAN provides communicating by letter between biometric monitoring arrangement and servicing unit.Servicing unit can comprise the sensor in order to assisting sleep supervision or environmental surveillance, for example measure ambient light, noise and/or soundSound (for example,, to detect snoring), temperature, humidity and air quality (pollen, dust, CO2, etc.) sensor. OneIn individual embodiment, servicing unit can with external service or server (for example, the individual calculus of such as www.fitbit.com etc.Machine) communication. Can via wired (for example, Ethernet, USB) or wireless (for example, WLAN, bluetooth, RFID, NFC,Honeycomb fashion) circuit and in order to transfer data to servicing unit and/or to transmit that the agreement of data realizes and auxiliary from servicing unitThe communication of device. Servicing unit for example also can serve as, in order to data are served to (, example from for example www.fitbit.com or otherAs data such as news, social networks renewal, Email, calendar notification) etc. external service or server (for example, individualComputer, mobile phone, tablet PC) be sent to biometric monitoring arrangement and/or data are monitored from biometricDevice is sent to the repeater of described external service or server. Can use data from one or two device at oneOr two devices or external service (for example, Cloud Server) is upper carries out the sleep calculating of data of user.
Servicing unit can be equipped with display to show the data that obtained by servicing unit or by biometric monitoring arrangement, outerPortion's service is sent to its data or the group from the data of biometric monitoring arrangement, servicing unit and/or external serviceClose. For instance, servicing unit can show that heart rate, the total step number on the same day, activity and/or the sleep target of indicating user are realThe data of the weather (measure or reported for a position by external service by servicing unit) on existing, same day etc. Real at anotherIn example, servicing unit can show the data relevant with respect to other users' rank with user, for example total all step numbers. ?In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with display to show by biometric monitoring arrangement, auxiliary dressThe data that put, the combination in external service or described three sources obtain. First device is equipped with and (for example, wakes warning up thereinVibrating motor, loudspeaker) embodiment in, servicing unit can serve as spare alarm (for example, use audio tweeter).Servicing unit also can have interface (for example, display and button or touch-screen) to create, delete, to revise or to enable firstAnd/or alarm on servicing unit.
Sensor-based ready mode
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can automatically detect or determine whether it is attached to user, arrangementWear with it and/or by user user. Be not attached to user, peace in response to detection or definite biometric monitoring arrangementPut user and wear with it and/or by user, low-power can be implemented or be placed in to biometric monitoring arrangement (or its selected portion)Operator scheme, for example, optics heart rate sensor and/or circuit can be placed in lower-wattage or sleep pattern. For instance, existIn an embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise one or more photodetector (photodiode, optotransistor, etc.).For example, if set in given luminous intensity under (, the light sending with respect to the light source of the part by for biometric monitoring arrangement),One or more photodetector provides low inverse signal, so biometric monitoring arrangement can be by data interpretation indicating device notWorn. After this type of is determined, device can reduce its power consumption at once, for example, by removing other device circuit or aobviousShow outside device that the operating condition of also " stopping using " or adjustment anxiety and/or heart rate detection sensor and/or circuit (for example, passes throughReduce light source and/or detector working cycles or inactive light source and/or detector, turn off device, display, and/or stop usingOr decling phase associated circuit or its part). In addition, biometric monitoring arrangement can periodically determine (for example, per second oneInferior) whether the operating condition of anxiety and/or heart rate detection sensor and/or associated circuits should be returned to normal operating barPart (for example, light source, detector and/or associated circuits should turn back to normal manipulation mode for carrying out heart rate detection). ?In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can for example, detecting and can (, the fortune of device detected after trigger eventMove (for example, the data based on from one or more motion sensor) and/or the user's input (example via user interface detectedAs, with biometric monitoring arrangement touch by, collide or stir mutual) afterwards) at once recover anxiety and/or heart rate detection passesThe operating condition of sensor and/or associated circuits. In some related embodiment, save object, biometric for powerThe default rate that monitoring arrangement can be collected its heart rate measurement in the time that User Activity degree is not high is reduced to for example once per minuteMeasure, and user for example can have and by promoting button, device to be placed in by demand or for example, with rapid rate (, per second moreInferior) produce measure operator scheme.
Optical pickocff
In one embodiment, optical pickocff (source and/or detector) can be placed in biometric monitoring arrangement inside or(side of, the contact of biometric monitoring arrangement, touching and/or user oriented skin is (hereinafter referred to " skin for skin sideSkin side ")) on. (see, for example, Fig. 2 A is to 3C). In another embodiment, optical pickocff can be placed in deviceOn one or more side, comprise skin side and device towards or be exposed to one or more side (ambient side) of surrounding environment.(see, for example, Fig. 6 A to 7).
Fig. 6 A explanation has the example of the portable monitoring arrangement of belt; Optical pickocff and optical transmitting set can be placed on instituteState on belt. Fig. 6 B explanation has the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of display and wrist strap. In addition light,Learning PPG (for example, heart rate) detecting sensor and/or transmitter can be positioned on the side of biometric monitoring arrangement. At oneIn embodiment, these each persons can be arranged in side installing type button.
Fig. 7 describes side that user presses portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement and passes with installing type optics heart rate detection from the sideSensor carries out heart rate measurement. The display of biometric monitoring arrangement can show whether detect heart rate and/or show userHeart rate.
It should be noted that the data of a little optical pickocffs can represent physiological data and/or environmental data since then. In fact,In one embodiment, optical pickocff provides, obtains and/or detect from multiple sides of biometric monitoring arrangementInformation, and whether tube sensor is not placed on one or many person in described multiple side. For instance, optical pickocffCan obtain the data relevant with the environment light condition of environment.
In the case of optical pickocff is settled or be arranged in the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement, in operation, rawLight source in thing metering monitoring arrangement can be luminous on user's skin, and as response, in biometric monitoring arrangementPhotodetector sampling, obtain and/or detect from the correspondence reflection of skin (and from body interior) and/or the light sending.One or more light source and photodetector can be by strengthening or optimize signal to noise ratio and/or in order to reduce or to minimize described light source and lightArray or the pattern of the power consumption of detector are arranged. These optical pickocff samplings, obtain and/or detect physiology numberAccording to, described physiological data can be followed treated or analyze (for example,, by resident treatment circuit) to obtain representation case as userHeart rate, breathing, changes in heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2), blood volume, blood sugar, skin moisture and/or skin pigment heavyThe data of level.
Light source can send the light that has specific to or be directed to one or more wavelength of the type of physiological data to be collected. ClassLike, fluorescence detector sampling, measurement and/or detect also specific to or be directed to physiological data to be collected type andOne or more wavelength of/to be assessed or definite (user's) physiological parameter. For instance, in one embodiment, send outGo out to have the light source (for example, sending the LED having corresponding to the light of the wavelength of green light spectrum) of the light of the wavelength in green light spectrumAnd can provide with sampling, the photodiode of measuring and/or detect light is corresponding therewith response or reflection through location can be in order to reallyDetermine or detect the data of heart rate. By contrast, the light source that sends the light with the wavelength in red spectral (for example, sends toolHave the LED corresponding to the light of the wavelength of red spectral) and send the light source (example of the light with the wavelength in infrared spectrumAs, send the LED having corresponding to the light of the wavelength of IR spectrum) and through location with sampling, measure and/or detect this lightResponse or the photodiode of reflection can provide can be in order to determine or to detect SpO2Data.
In fact, in certain embodiments, color or the wavelength of the light for example, being sent by light source (LED (or one group of LED))Can be according to the predefined type of obtained physiological data or operating condition and correct, adjustment and/or control. Herein, canAdjust and/or control the light wavelength of being sent by light source to optimize and/or to strengthen the physiology number that obtains and/or sample by detectorAccording to " quality ". For instance, when user's skin temperature or environment temperature are when lower, the light being sent by LEDColor can be switched to green to strengthen the signal corresponding to cardiomotility from infrared ray. (seeing, for example Figure 11 D).
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can in shell, comprise window (for example, in order to interim examination, noTransparent window) to promote the light transmitting between optical pickocff and user. Herein, described window for example can permit one orMultiple LED light (for example, having selected wavelength) is issued on user's skin and permit the response of light or reflection via instituteState window to returning by sample, to measure and/or to detect by for example one or more photodiode. At an embodimentIn, the circuit relevant with sending and receive light can be placed in the inside of crust of the device and (for example, sprays at plastics or glassy layerHave infrared ray ink) or infrared lenses or wave filter (its permit infrared light by but disapprove the light in people's vision spectrumPass through) below or rear. In this way, the light transmission of described window can not be by human eye finding.
Biometric monitoring arrangement can use light pipe or other translucent construction to promote light to be transmitted into user's health from light sourceAnd skin. (see, for example, Fig. 4 A to 5). Thus, in certain embodiments, light can be through a little light pipes thus or itsIts translucent construction is from the skin of light source oriented users. Can be via identical or similar structures to returning from the scattered light of user's bodyOptical circuit in guiding biometric monitoring arrangement. In fact, described translucent construction can use the material that promotes low light loss(for example, translucent construction can comprise the lens that promote that light is collected, and the part of translucent construction is available anti-for material and/or optical designPenetrate material coating or be adjacent to reflecting material to promote the internal reflection of light in translucent construction), improve thus the letter of photodetectorMake an uproar than and/or promote to reduce the power consumption of light source and/or photodetector. In certain embodiments, light pipe or other printing opacityStructure can comprise optionally transmitting to be had the light of one or more specific or predetermined wavelength (emission effciency ratio has other wavelengthThe emission effciency of light high) material, serve as thus bandpass filter. This quasi-belt ventilating filter can be through tuning specific to improveThe signal of physiological data type. For instance, in one embodiment, can implement in-mold label or " IML " printing opacity knotStructure, wherein said translucent construction creates specific bandpass characteristic with the material with predetermined or required optical characteristics, so thatFor example make the efficiency of passing through of infrared light (for example, there is wavelength in people's visible spectrum higher than the light with other wavelengthLight). In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can use and have optics opaque section and (comprise some optics spyProperty) and the translucent construction of optical clear part (comprising the optical characteristics that is different from optics opaque section). This type of translucent constructionCan provide via double injection or two step molding process, wherein optics opaque material and optically transparent material be noted individuallyEnter in mould. The biometric monitoring arrangement of implementing this type of translucent construction can be depending on the light side of advancing through translucent constructionTo and comprise different optical transmission characteristics for different wave length. For instance, in one embodiment, optics opaque material(it can have relatively to more efficiently light is got back to photodetector from user's health transmitting can to reflect particular range of wavelengthsIn the different wave length of sent light wavelength).
In another embodiment, catoptric arrangement can be placed in the visual field of optical transmitting set and/or photodetector. For instance,Have by light from optical transmitting set be directed to user's skin and/or from user's skin be directed to photodetector hole (or viaCarry out this by way of the translucent construction of advancing) side for example can cover, in reflecting material (, chromium plating) to promote light transmission. InsteadPenetrating material can increase light is transmitted to the efficiency of getting back to detector from skin from light sources transmit to skin and then. Available optics ringEpoxy resins or other transparent material are filled reflectivity coating hole and are still allowed with low to prevent liquid access to plant main body simultaneouslyPenetrate loss transmitted light.
For example implementing, in another embodiment of translucent construction (, the structure that creates or form via IML) these a little printing opacity knotsStructure can comprise the mask being made up of opaque material, one of described opaque material restriction, some or all of light source and/or inspectionSurvey the aperture of device. In this way, translucent construction optionally " defines " and light is transmitted into or detects the user of light from itThe preferred volume of health. It should be noted that and can use or implement other and cover in conjunction with the concept of describing herein and/or illustrateMould configuration; In order to owning of for example improving photoelectricity volume diagram signal and implement in conjunction with the concept of described herein and/or explanationThis covers set the falling within the scope of the present invention of configuration.
In another embodiment, optical transmitting set and/or detector can be configured to via hole or a series of hole in device outsideUtilizing emitted light. Available light penetrating ring epoxy resins (for example optical resin) is filled this hole or this series of apertures. Epoxy resin can formLight-guiding pillar, it allows light to be transmitted into skin and to get back to photodetector from skin transmitting from optical transmitting set. This technology also hasFollowing advantage: epoxy resin can form waterproof sealing, thus anti-sealing, sweat or other liquid pass through on device outsideHole access to plant main body, described hole allows optical transmitting set and detector that light is transmitted into biometric monitoring arrangement main body outsideAnd from the outside light that receives of biometric monitoring arrangement main body. The epoxy resin with high heat conductance can be in order to help prevent light(for example, LED) is overheated in source.
In any one in translucent construction as herein described, the exposed surface of optics (translucent construction) or apparatus main body(for example antireflection, anti-scratch, antifog and/or wavelength band (for example stop can to comprise hard japanning, hard dip-coating thing or optical coatingUltraviolet light stops) coating). These a little characteristics or material can improve operation, the degree of accuracy and/or durable of biometric monitoring arrangementProperty.
The example of potential PPG light source of Fig. 4 A explanation and photoelectric detector geometry. In this embodiment, twoLight source is placed on arbitrary side of photoelectric detector. These three devices are positioned at wristband type biometric monitoring arrangement (its sideUser oriented skin) the back side on projection in.
Fig. 4 B and 4C explanation have the example of the PPG sensor of photoelectric detector and two LED light sources. These assembliesBe positioned on dorsal part in the bossed biometric monitoring arrangement of tool. Light-pipe optics connect LED and photoelectric detector andThe surface of user's skin. Below skin, the blood scattering from the light of light source from health, wherein some can scatteringOr reflect back in photoelectric detector.
Fig. 5 explanation has the example of gathering around the bossed biometric monitoring arrangement through optimization PPG detector, described projectionThere is curved side in order to avoid user is not felt well. In addition, photoelectric detector and LED are optically coupled to wearer'sThe surface of the light pipe of skin is wavy to maximize the luminous flux coupling between LED and photoelectric detector and light pipe. Light pipeThe end of user oriented skin be also wavy. This profile can make light focus on or defocus to optimize PPG signal. For instance,Described profile can make the light emitted a certain degree of depth and the position that meet the region that blood flow may occur of focusing on. These JiaoThe summit of point can overlap or very approach to make photoelectric detector receive the scattered light of maximum possible.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement (for example can comprise concave surface or convex shape in the skin side of deviceLens) so that the designated volume at the certain depth place of light in skin focuses on and increases, light is collected to photoelectricity from described pointThe efficiency of detector. (see, for example, Fig. 4 A to 5). Also use light pipe with selectively at this type of biometric monitoring arrangementIn ground and the controllably situation of route light, the end of light-guiding pillar is carried out moulding and makes it have cylindricity to a certain degree(for example, nominally the end of light-guiding pillar can serve as reasons be parallel to the cylindrical surface that the cylinder axis of skin side defines (or itsPart)) can be favourable (for example, substitute and use axially symmetrical lens). For instance, monitor at Wrist belt-type biometricIn device, nominally this type of cylindrical lens can be through directed and make cylinder axis be parallel to wearer's forearm, this measureCan have restriction enters the amount of this lens-like light and increases from the forearm perpendicular to people from being parallel to people's the direction of forearmDirection enter the effect of the amount of this lens-like light because with the direction of being covered by bandage (, perpendicular to user forearm)Compare direction that surround lighting more may never be covered by the bandage of biometric monitoring arrangement (along user forearm axis)Arrive sensor surveyed area, this type of configuration can be sent to effect user's skin or wherein by light from transmitter by increasingRate reduces " spuious " light that is detected or collected by photoelectric detector simultaneously and improves signal to noise ratio. In this way, examined by photoelectricityThe signal of surveying device sampling, measure and/or detecting is by less veiling glare and the more user skin/body light emitted to thisBody response (representing signal or data to light emitted response) composition.
In another embodiment, light penetrating ring epoxy resins can be molded as concave surface or convex shape so that also for sensor provides usefulOptical characteristics. For instance, during applying light penetrating ring epoxy resins, the translucent construction being formed by described epoxy resinTop can be through being shaped as concave surface to make light more effectively be coupled to translucent construction.
In one embodiment, the assembly of optical pickocff can be positioned in the skin side of device, and through arrange or location withReduce or minimize (i) light source and/or be associated detector and (ii) distance between user's skin. See for example Fig. 3 A, it is carriedSupply the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of the portable monitoring arrangement of example. In Fig. 3 A, two light sources (for example, LED)Be placed on arbitrary side of photoelectric detector to realize PPG sensing. Light-locking material be placed on light source and photoelectric detector itBetween arrive photoelectric detector and first do not exit the main body of biometric monitoring arrangement from any light of light source preventing. SoftProperty hyaline layer can be placed in the lower surface of sensor projection to form sealing. This hyaline layer can be served other function,For example prevent that liquid is at the position access to plant of placing light source or photoelectric detector. Can be via in-mold label or " IML "Form this hyaline layer. Light source and photoelectric detector can be placed on flexible PCB.
This type of configuration can improve the luminous flux coupling efficiency between assembly and the user's body of optical pickocff. For instance,In one embodiment, light source and/or the detector that is associated can be placed in flexibility or flexible substrate, described flexibility or canBent substrate deflection, thus allow the skin side (it can be made up of conforming materials) of biometric monitoring arrangement to meet (exampleAs, without extra process) or can be through moulding (or compliance) meeting biometric monitoring arrangement in the normal operation periodThe shape of the body part (for example, user's wrist, arm, ankle and/or leg) that is coupled to or is attached to, to make lightSource and/or be associated detector close to user's skin (, the skin side of device and the neighbouring surface of user's skin itBetween gapless almost). See for example Fig. 6 A. In one embodiment, light source and/or the detector that is associated can be placed in smoothOn flexible cable (FlatFlexCable) or " FFC " or flexible PCB. In this embodiment, flexibility or flexible substrate(for example, FFC or flexible PCB) can be connected on its in device and be mounted with other assembly (for example, data processing circuit)The second substrate (for example, PCB). The optical module of differing heights can be installed to flexible substrate difference " finger " andThrough pressing or be fastened to case surface, optical module is flushed with case surface. In one embodiment, the second substrateCan be and be relatively fixed in device without flexibility or inflexibility substrate, on it, be mounted with other circuit and assembly (passive and/Or active).
Fig. 3 B describes the cross-sectional view of the sensor projection of the portable monitoring arrangement of example; This projection is similar to institute in Fig. 3 AThe projection presenting, just light source and photoelectric detector are placed on the PCB of smooth and/or hard. Fig. 3 C provide exampleAnother cross-sectional view of PPG sensor embodiment. It should be noted that in this PPG sensor and there is no projection. In addition,Liquid gasket and/or used in pressure sensitive adhesive enter biometric monitoring arrangement main body to prevent liquid.
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can be suitable for wearing or being carried on user's body. Comprising optics heart rateIn some embodiment of monitor, device can be the such as wrist wearing type such as wrist-watch or bracelet or arm installing type ornament.(see, for example, Fig. 2 A to 7). In one embodiment, the optical element of optics heart rate monitor can be positioned at biometricOn the inside or skin side of monitoring arrangement, for example in the time that biometric monitoring arrangement is worn in wrist towards the top of wrist(, optics heart rate monitor can be adjacent to and towards wrist). (see, for example, Fig. 2 A is to 3C).
In another embodiment, optics heart rate monitor can be positioned at one or more outside or the environment of biometric monitoring arrangementOn side surface. (see, for example, Fig. 6 B and 7). In these a little embodiment, user can use the finger touches optics of phase backhandWindow (optical element of optics heart rate monitor is positioned at its rear) is with initial heart rate measurement (and/or other relevant with heart rateTolerance, for example changes in heart rate) and/or collect can be in order to determine user's heart rate (and/or relevant with heart rate other tolerance)Data. (see, for example, Fig. 6 B). In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can pass through sense photodiodeOn incident light (suddenly) decline and trigger or initial measurement, for example, in the time that user's finger is placed on optical window.Additionally or alternati, can be by based on ultrared proximity detector and/or capacitor-type touch/proximity detector, (it can be withOther detector is separately) trigger heart rate measurement (or other this type of tolerance). This kind based on ultrared proximity detector and/ or capacitor-type touch/proximity detector can be placed in optical window or on it and/or in function, electricity and/or coupling physicallyBe incorporated into optical window with detection or determine for example existing of user's finger.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise button, and described button triggers or be initial in the time being pressedHeart rate measurement (and/or other tolerance relevant with heart rate). Described button can be placed in extremely approach optical window sentence fingerWhile being placed on optical window, facilitate user to press button. (see, for example, Fig. 7). In one embodiment, optical windowCan be embedded in and promote in button. Thereby in the time that user presses button, it can trigger the measurement of the finger to pressing the button.In fact, can give certain shape of button and/or by pressure resistance, its enhancing or the pressure distribution of optimizing button opposing finger withDuring measurement or data acquisition, provide high s/n ratio. (undeclared) in other embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement canBeing intermediate plate, smooth object, suspension member, ankletbangle, band etc. is suitable for being worn on health, clips to or be installed to dress, depositsBe placed in clothes (for example,, in pocket) or leave for example, form in ornament (, handbag) in.
In a particular embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise projection on the skin side of device or inner side. (see,Fig. 2 A is to 6A). In the time being coupled to user, the comparable apparatus main body around of described projection is with engaging more energetically skin. At thisIn embodiment, optical window or translucent construction (both all discuss in detail above for it) can form a part for projection or be incorporated toIn projection. The optical transmitting set of optical pickocff and/or detector can be settled or be arranged in prominent near window or translucent constructionIn rising. (see, for example, Fig. 2 B and 6A). Thus, in the time being attached to user's health, biometric monitoring arrangementThe comparable skin that engages more energetically user for apparatus main body around of the window part of projection, thus at user's skin and opticsMore firmly physics (and optics) coupling is provided between window. , described projection can be biometric monitoring arrangement and userSkin between cause lasting contact, its can reduce the veiling glare of being measured by photoelectric detector amount, reduce biometric prisonRelative motion between view apparatus and user, and/or the local pressure of the improvement to user's skin is provided; All these can be carriedThe quality of the high heart signal of paying close attention to. It should be noted that described projection can contain benefit from user's skin closelyOther sensor that approaches and/or firmly contact. These sensors can be except heart rate sensor or alternative heart rate sensorAnd be included, and (for example, utilization joins the appearance of projection to by hot epoxy resin to comprise for example skin temperature transducerThe contactless thermoelectric pile of the optical window of face or thermal resistor), pulse oximetry meter, pre ure tra ducer, EMGOr skin electroresponse (GSR) sensor sensor.
Additionally or alternati, a part for the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise friction enhancing mechanism or material.For instance, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise multiple raised or sunken districts or part (for example, small lugs,Oncus, groove and/or pit). In addition friction enhancing material (for example, for example siloxanes isogel sample material or other bullet,Property material) can be placed in skin side. In fact, the device back side of being made up of gel also can provide friction, also improves simultaneouslyUsers'comfort and prevent that veiling glare from entering. As noted above, friction strengthen mechanism or material can be individually or in conjunction with asThe bossed biometric monitoring arrangement of tool described herein uses. Thus, biometric monitoring arrangement can beIn the jut of device or on comprise multiple raised or sunken districts or part (for example, small lugs, oncus, groove and/Or pit). In fact, these a little raised or sunken districts or part can be incorporated to/be embedded in the window part of projection or on.Additionally or alternati, jut can for example, for example, by friction enhancing material (, siloxanes isogel sample material) composition or be usedDescribed friction enhancing material coating. Use that it should be noted that projection and/or friction can monitor by reducing biometricDevice (and thereby sensor) in operating process (when especially user is moving) with respect to the motion of user's skin andFor example improve, corresponding to some parameter (, heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin electroresponse, skin temperature, pigmenting of skin, hot logicalAmount, blood pressure, blood sugar etc.) the accuracy of measurement of data acquisition.
Some or all of the inside of biometric monitoring arrangement or skin side shell also can by metal material (for example, steel, noRust steel, aluminium, magnesium or titanium) composition. This type of configuration can provide structural rigidity. (see, for example, Fig. 2 B). In this type of enforcementIn example, apparatus main body can through design taking by use low irritability " without nickel " stainless steel as low irritability. Be worth noteMeaning, is used (at least in some position) at least to omit the metal that contains ferrous certain type (for example,, for ferrousRust steel grade) can be favourable. In these a little embodiment, (wherein it comprises rechargeable energy to biometric monitoring arrangementAmount source (for example, rechargeable battery)) can be via connector and charger interconnection, described connector uses and is coupled to ferrous ironThe magnet of material and will self be fastened to biometric monitoring arrangement. In addition, biometric monitoring arrangement also can use this magneticProperty characteristic engaged with base or docking station to promote data transmission. In addition, this type of shell can provide reinforced electric magnetic screen, itsIntegrality and the reliability of optics heart rate sensor and heart rate data acquisition process/operation will be strengthened. In addition, skin temperature passesSensor can be for example by hot epoxy resin physical coupling and be thermally coupled to the temperature of metal master with sensing user. Comprise prominentIn the embodiment rising, sensor can be positioned near projection or in projection to be provided to firm contact and the part of user's skinThe thermal coupling of changing.
In a preferred embodiment, one or more assembly of optical pickocff (in one embodiment, it can be arranged in projection,And/or in another embodiment, its can settle or place with the flush of biometric monitoring arrangement) via no leakageSealing (, preventing that liquid from entering the method/mechanism in the main body of biometric monitoring arrangement) and attached, fix, comprise and/ or be fastened to biometric monitoring arrangement. For example, in one embodiment, by metal (such as but not limited to stainless steel,Aluminium, magnesium or titanium) or the rigid plastics device back side of making can provide, and enough the hard structural intergrity with holdout device is simultaneously suitableThe structure of the water-tight sealing of induction sensor encapsulation. (see, for example, Fig. 2 B is to 3C).
In a preferred embodiment, the encapsulation of optical pickocff or module can be connected to dress by pressure sensitive adhesive and liquid gasketPut. See for example Fig. 3 C, it provides another cross-sectional view of PPG sensor embodiment. It should be noted that this PPGIn sensor, there is no projection. In addition, liquid gasket and/or used in pressure sensitive adhesive are to prevent liquid access to plant main body. For exampleIf need firmer or more durable being connected between optical pickocff encapsulation/module and apparatus main body, so alsoCan use screw, rivet etc. It should be noted that the present embodiment also can use for example GORE-TEX (Gore-Tex), oThe marine glues such as shape ring, sealant, grease or epoxy resin, hydrophobic diaphragm by fastening optical pickocff encapsulation/module orBe attached to biometric monitoring arrangement main body.
As discussed above, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise to be placed in and comprises high reflectance spy on skin side or inner sideProperty material, for example, through polishing stainless steel, reflectivity paint and through polishing plastic. In this way, the skin side from installingThe light of scattering can reflect back into skin to for example improve the signal to noise ratio of optics heart rate sensor. In fact, with nonreflectiveThe apparatus main body back side of (or less reflectivity) is compared, and this increases input optical signal effectively. It should be noted that oneIn individual embodiment, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or the color of inner side can be through selecting so that some optical characteristics (example to be providedAs, reflect the light of specific or predetermined wavelength), to improve the signal about some physiological data type. For instance, existThe skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or inner side are, in green situation, to be attributable to the light corresponding to the wavelength of green light spectrumPreferred emission and strengthen the measurement of heart rate. In the case of the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement or inner side be red,Be attributable to corresponding to the preferred emission of the light of the wavelength of red spectral and strengthen SpO2Measurement. In one embodiment,Can revise, adjust and/or control according to the predefined type of obtained physiological data the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangementOr the color of inner side.
Figure 11 A describes the example schematic block diagram of optics heart rate sensor, and wherein light is sent out towards user's skin from light sourceGo out, and this light from the reflection of skin/body interior of user by photodetector sensing, logical subsequently from the signal of photodetectorCross A/D converter (ADC) digitlization. Can revise the intensity (for example,, via intensity of light source control module) of light source to maintainDesirable reflected signal strength. For instance, can reduce the intensity of light source to avoid the output signal from photodetectorSaturated. As another example, can increase the intensity of light source maintaining required output valve from the output signal of photodetectorIn scope. ACTIVE CONTROL that it should be noted that system can for example, via linearity or nonlinear control method (, ratio-long-pendingPoint-differential (PID) controls, fixed step size control, predictability control, neutral net, hysteresis, etc.) realize, and and alsoCan use the information that other sensor from device derives (for example motion, skin electroresponse, etc.). Provide Figure 11 A to useBe limited to the ADC or the use in this respect that are for example integrated in MCU in explanation but not by the embodiment of these a little systemsMCU. Other may embodiment comprises and uses one or more inner or outside ADC, FPGA, ASIC, etc.
In another embodiment, the system that has an optics heart rate sensor can be incorporated to sampling and holding circuit (or equivalent)Use with turn-off or decay light source to save the output that maintains photodetector when power. The phase of photodetector output thereinFor example, to changing in vital embodiment (, heart rate measurement), sampling and holding circuit can maintain photodetectorAccurately copying of output. In some cases, sampling and maintenance for example can be simplified, as for example diode (, Schottky diode)And capacitor. The output of sampling and holding circuit can be presented to analog signal regulating circuit (for example, sarin-Ji (Sallen-Key)Bandpass filter, level shifter, and/or gain circuitry) for example, to regulate and to amplify signal in paid close attention to frequency band (, rightIn heart or respiratory function, 0.1Hz is to 10Hz), it can then pass through ADC digitlization. See for example Figure 11 B.
In operation, for example those for example, at the circuit topology of circuit topology as herein described (sampling and holding circuit)Remove DC and the low frequency component of signal, and help parsing with heart rate and/or breathe relevant AC component. Embodiment also canComprise the analog signal regulating circuit for variable gain setting, it can be through for example controlling, so that suitable signal (, insatiable hunger to be providedWith). The Performance Characteristics (for example, the climb rate and/or gain band width product) of light source, photodetector and/or sampling and maintenance andPower consumption can be significantly higher than analog signal regulating circuit to realize the quick working cycles of light source. In certain embodiments,The power that offers light source and photodetector can be controlled to provide with the power that offers analog signal regulating circuit individuallyExcess power is saved. Alternatively or in addition, circuit can for example use and enable, stop using and/or the functional merit that realizes such as shutdownRate is saved. In another embodiment, the output of photodetector and/or sampling and holding circuit can regulate electricity except analog signalOutside road or alternative analog signal regulating circuit and sample to control the luminous intensity of light source or measure institute and pay close attention to by ADCPhysiological parameter (for example, when analog signal regulating circuit changing luminous intensity set after while not yet stablizing). Merit attention, because the physiological signal of paying close attention to is conventionally little with respect to the intrinsic resolution of ADC, therefore in certain embodiments,The reference voltage of capable of regulating ADC and/or gain are to strengthen signal quality and/or can carry out sampling to ADC. AnotherIn embodiment, device can be by for example crossing sampling, the reference voltage of adjusting ADC and/or gain or using high resolution A/D CAnd the output of numeric only sampling and holding circuit. See for example Figure 11 C.
PPGDC removes technology
In another embodiment, sensor device can be incorporated to difference amplifier to amplify relatively the changing of output of photodetectorBecome. See for example Figure 11 F. In certain embodiments, can deduct digital averaging or digital lowpass filter from the output of photodetectorRipple signal. This can then be exaggerated through amendment signal, and it is by ADC digitlization subsequently. In another embodiment, can be throughBy for example using sampling and holding circuit and analog signal regulating circuit from the output of photodetector deduct simulation average orAnalogue low pass filtering signal. Offer light source, photodetector and difference amplifier power can with offer analog signal adjustThe power on economize on electricity road is controlled individually to improve power and is saved.
In another embodiment, (voltage or electric current, depend on particular sensor can to deduct a signal from original PPG signalEmbodiment) to remove any biasing in original PPG signal, and therefore increase contain heart rate (or other loop parameter,For example changes in heart rate) information PPG signal gain or amplify described PPG signal. This signal can be set in factoryDefault value, particular skin reflectivity, absorption and/or the color based on user and be set to a value, and/or can be depending onFrom the feedback of ambient light sensor or depend on the analysis of PPG signal self and change. For instance, if determine PPGSignal has large DC skew, can deduct constant voltage to remove DC skew and to realize larger gain from PPG signal so,Therefore improve PPG signal quality. In this example, DC skew can result from and arrive photoelectric detector from PPG light sourceSurround lighting (for example,, from the sun or from room lighting) or the light reflecting from PPG light source.
In another embodiment, difference amplifier can be in order to measure difference between current and previous sample but not each signalValue. Because the value of each sample is conventionally much bigger than the difference between each sample, so larger gain can be applied toEach is measured, and therefore improves PPG signal quality. Can then integrate described signal to obtain original time-domain signal.
In another embodiment, optical detector module can be incorporated to the transimpedance amplifier level with variable gain. This type of configurationCan avoid or minimize because of bright surround lighting and/or saturated from the bright light of light source transmitting. For instance, transimpedance is putThe gain of large device can be by variable resistance and/or one group of multiplexed resistance in the negative feedback paths of transimpedance amplifierDevice and automatically reducing. In certain embodiments, device can be by carrying out Modulation and Amplitude Modulation and following light to the intensity of light sourceThe output of detector is carried out demodulation (for example, synchronously detecting) and is incorporated to the few optics shielding from surround lighting. See for example figure11E. In other side, if surround lighting has enough brightness to obtain heart rate signal, light source can reduce brightness soAnd/or turn off completely.
In another embodiment, use the physiological parameter of aforementioned processing technology with optical measurement user capable of being combinedly. See exampleAs Figure 11 G. This topology can allow system with the operation of low-power measurement state and circuit topology (at where applicable) and optionally andBe suitable for higher-wattage measuring state and circuit topology. For instance, system can maintain static or use when sitting mould userAnalog signal regulating circuit is measured the physiological parameter (for example, heart rate) of paying close attention to reduce power consumption, but in the time of User ActivityBe directly switch to the sampling type of crossing of photodetector output is sampled.
In the embodiment that biometric monitoring arrangement comprises heart rate monitor therein, processing signals can to obtain heart rate measurementComprise filtering and/or Signal Regulation, for example bandpass filtering (for example, Butterworth (Butterworth) filtering). For offsetting letterContingent large transition and/or improve the convergence of described filtering in number, can be used for example neutral net or climb rate restrictionDeng nonlinear method. Data (for example motion, skin electroresponse, skin temperature etc.) from the sensor on device are availableTo adjust the Signal Regulation method being used. Under specific operation condition, can pass through the number to the signal peak in time windowOrder is counted or by utilizing fundamental frequency or the second harmonic (for example,, via FFT (FFT)) of signalAnd measurement user's heart rate. In other cases, the heart rate data for example obtaining in the time of user movement, can be to extractedSignal and spectrum peak are carried out FFT, its can follow subsequently by multiple target tracking device (its start, continue, merge and delete rightThe tracking of described frequency spectrum) processed. In certain embodiments, can carry out one group of similar operations to motor message, and outputCan differentiate in order to carry out activity (for example, sitting, walking, running, sleep, lie down, be seated, by bike, typewriting, ellipseTraining, body weight training), it is in order to auxiliary multiple target tracking device. For instance, may determine that user maintains static and opensBegin mobile. This Information Availability continues to be partly partial to increase frequency preferentially to make to follow the tracks of. Similarly, movable discriminator can be trueDetermine user and stopped running or running just more slowly, and this Information Availability continues to be partly partial to reduce frequently preferentially to make to follow the tracks ofRate. Available single sweep or scan multiple target tracking device topology more and realize and following the tracks of, for example JPDA tracker,Many hypothesis are followed the tracks of, immediate neighbor, etc. Can be via Kalman filter, spline regression, particle filter, friendshipMutual formula multi-model filter etc. completes estimation and the prediction in tracker. Tracking selector module can use from multiple spectra followsThe output trajectory of track device and the heart rate of estimating user. Described estimation can be taken as maximum likelihood track, track contrast its beThe weighted sum of the probability of heart rate etc. In addition, movable discriminator can affect and obtain selection and/or the fusion that heart rate is estimated. LiftExample, if user sleeps, is seated, lies down or sitting, so first prior probability may be partial to 40 to 80bpmHeart rate in scope; And if user runs, jogs or carry out other and acutely take exercise, so first prior probability may be partiallyTo the heart rate of the rising in 90 to 180bpm scopes. The impact of movable discriminator can be based on user speed. Work as useWhen does not move at family, estimation can be shifted to the fundamental frequency (or obtaining by it completely) of signal. Can change based on indicative of activeCriterion is selected the track corresponding to user's heart rate; For instance, if user starts walking from maintaining static, so can be excellentFirst select the track of explanation towards the skew of upper frequency.
Good heart rate signal obtain can via biometric monitoring arrangement or with biometric monitoring arrangement carry out wired orFor example, display on another device (, being equipped with the low-energy mobile phone of bluetooth) of radio communication is indicated to user. ?In some embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise S meter, and it is by the LED that can be inspected by userPulse represent. Pulse can be through timing or relevant with consistent with user's heartbeat. The intensity of LED, pulse rates and/Or color can or be adjusted with hint signal strength signal intensity through amendment. For instance, brighter LED intensity can represent strongerSignal or in RGBLED configuration, green LED can represent stronger signal.
In certain embodiments, can be by signal at 0.5Hz for example for example, to the energy (, quadratic sum) in the frequency band of 4HzDetermine the intensity of heart rate signal. In other embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can have and can be incorporated to or outside construction arrivesStrain gauge in shell and/or belt, pressure sensor, power sensor, or other contact indication sensor is (at biometricMonitoring arrangement be attached to belt (as wrist-watch, bracelet and/or arm band) or with belt (it can then be fastened to user) install thatIn a little embodiment). Data based on from these feelers or combination are from the data meter of heart rate signal individuallyCalculate signal quality metrics (for example, heart rate signal quality).
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can via photodetector array (for example photodiode orThe grid of CCD camera) come to monitor heart rate with optical mode. Can and/or use accelerometer via the signature tracking to skinAnd gyrostatic adaptive motion proofreaies and correct to follow the tracks of the motion of Optical devices with respect to skin. Detector array can connect with skinTouch or be offset little distance from skin. Can control on one's own initiative (for example, passing through motor) detector array and the optics that is associated thereofDevice is to maintain the stabilized image of target and to obtain heart rate signal. For example can use, from motion sensor (, gyroscope)Information or characteristics of image are realized this optical-mechanical stabilisation. In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can useIlluminate the relevant or incoherent light source of skin and photodetector array (wherein each photoelectric detector with for more adjacentIntensity between detector (thereby obtaining so-called spot pattern, it can use multiple image tracking technique to be followed the tracks of, exampleAs light stream, template matches, edge tracking etc.) comparator be associated) implement relative motion eliminate. In this embodiment,Can be different from the light source monitoring for optics heart rate for the light source of motion tracking.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be by multiple photoelectric detectors of the surface distributed along device (alsoBe called " photodetector ") and photophore (photoemitter) (being also called " optical transmitting set ") composition, described device touching is usedThe skin (, the skin side of biometric monitoring arrangement) at family. (see, for example, Fig. 2 A is to 6A). For instance, existIn the example of bracelet, can exist and be placed on along multiple photoelectric detectors in each site of belt internal circumference and luminousDevice. (see, for example, Fig. 6 A). The heart rate signal quality metric being associated with each site can be as calculated estimated being identified forBest or one group of best site of meter user heart rate. Subsequently, can stop using or turn off some in described site for example to reducePower consumption. Device can periodically check that the heart rate signal quality at some or all places in described site is to strengthen, to superviseDepending on and/or optimize signal and/or power efficiency.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise heart rate surveillance, its for example comprise optics, acoustics,Multiple sensors such as pressure, electricity (for example, ECG or EKG) and motion, and merge from these sensors both orBoth above information are to provide the estimation of heart rate and/or to alleviate the noise by exercise induced.
Except heart rate monitors (or other biometric monitor) or alternative heart rate monitors (or other biometric monitors), oneIn a little embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise optical pickocff with sudden and violent based on optical condition tracking or detection ultraviolet lightThe time and duration, the type of light source and the duration of light source and intensity (the fluorescent light that reveal, all outdoor optical exposeExpose, incandescent light exposes, halogen, etc.), to the exposure (based on light type and blink speed) of TV, user indoorOr outdoor, when Time of Day and position. In one embodiment, ultraviolet light detecting sensor can be that light detects by drivingThe reverse bias LED transmitter composition of device. The feature of the photoelectric current that for instance, detector produces thus can be to measureThe time that electric capacity (or alternatively, the capacitor walks abreast) electric discharge of LED spends.
All optical pickocffs of discussing herein can use to improve data as described above in conjunction with other sensorDetect or in order to strengthen the detection of physiology or environmental data of other type.
In the situation that biometric monitoring arrangement comprises audio frequency or passive acoustic sensor, device can contain one or more nothingSource acoustic sensor, it detects sound and pressure and can be including but not limited to microphone, piezoelectric film etc. Acoustic sensor canBe placed on one or more side of device, comprise touching or towards the side (skin side) of skin and the side of Environment Oriented(ambient side).
Skin side acoustics or audio sensor can detect the sound of any type of sending via health, and these a little sensors canBy when both arrays of power consumption or pattern and arrange of the noise of optimizing these a little sensors. These sensors can detect and exhaleSuction (for example, by listening attentively to lung), Breathiness (for example, breathe, snore) and problem (for example, sleep apnea, etc.),Heart rate (listening attentively to heartbeat), user's voice (via the sound sending through health from vocal cords).
Biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can comprise skin electroresponse (GSR) circuit to measure user's skin to feelingsThe response of thread and physical stimulation or physiological change (for example, the transformation of sleep stage). In certain embodiments, biometricMonitoring arrangement can be wrist or arm installing type device, and it is incorporated to the belt of being made up of conductive rubber or fabric to make skinElectroresponse electrode can be hidden in belt. Because skin electroresponse circuit may stand changing temperature and environment barPart, so it also can comprise to realize the circuit of automatic calibration, for example in parallel with application on human skin/electrode path or connect twoIndividual or two above changeable reference resistor, it allows the real-time measurement of known resistance device to characterize skin electroresponse electricityThe response on road. Reference resistor can in measuring route, connect and disconnect with make can be independently and/or with the resistance of application on human skinSide by side it is measured.
For carrying out the circuit of PPG
The ability as for example these a little monitoring arrangements as described above with measurement user heart rate can be desirable. For example, these a little monitoring arrangements can comprise the heart rate detection sensing that comprises one or more optical transmitting set and one or more photodetectorDevice encapsulation. But, in portable monitoring arrangement, comprise this type of heart rate sensor encapsulation and propose some challenges. For instance,The light being detected by photodetector can comprise undesirable surround lighting component. In addition, environment light condition can move along with userOr change directed (for example, hand or health) or for example, along with outside illumination condition (, daylight or interior lighting) is passed and changed in timeBecome and change. This context components can cause the undesirable saturated of various assemblies in device or cause inaccurate or can notThe heart rate data leaning on.
Various embodiments relate to can sensing and tracking user's heart rate and the portable monitoring arrangement of related data. OneIn a little embodiments, described portable monitoring arrangement can also supervision or pursuit movement, movement or activity, and related data.Thereby portable monitoring arrangement can comprise for following the tracks of heart rate data (being also commonly referred to " biometric data " herein)One or more sensor, for following the tracks of one or more of mobile or movable (being also commonly referred to " Mobile data " herein)Sensor and in some embodiments, for detection of other biometric data, physiological data, environmental data or phaseClose one or more other sensor of data (being also referred to as " activity data " herein). In addition term " inspection,Survey ", " sensing ", " supervision ", " tracking ", " record " and " storage " in this article in appropriate circumstancesUse interchangeably, except as otherwise noted.
In specific embodiments, portable monitoring arrangement comprises sensor package (as for example retouched to 3C with reference to figure 2BState), described sensor package comprises one or more optical sensor and (is also called in this article " optical pickocff ", " light inspectionSurvey device ", " fluorescence detector ", or " photoelectric detector "). As described below, one or more optical sensor can be usedTo detect user's heart rate. For instance, sensor package also can comprise incident optical signal is issued to user's skin surfaceOn one or more optical transmitting set (for example, photodiode). Some in this incident optical signal can be by skin (and at someIn embodiment, more particularly, by one or more artery of user's skin surface below) reflection, refraction or with other sideFormula scattering. Scattered light signal can be then by one or more light sensors of sensor package. In some this type of enforcement sidesIn case, sensor package is served as photoelectricity volume diagram (PPG), and thus, scattered light signal also can be described as PPG in this articleSignal. Institute's sensed light signal can or otherwise process to obtain heart rate data through sampling, filtering, analysis, comprises useThe heart rate at family, changes in heart rate, or heart rate recovers. For instance, Figure 17 shows the reality of light transmitting drive circuit 1740Example, and Figure 18 and 19 shows that the light that can be combined with the photodetector of portable monitoring arrangement and optical transmitting set detects electricityThe example on road 1860 and 1960. In some embodiments, processing unit can be to by for example reference as described aboveFigure 18 and 19 displayings and optical detection circuit 1860 and 1960 samplings of describing and the scattered signal of processing are carried out processing in addition.In addition, in some embodiments, these or other optical sensor in sensor package or another sensor package also canBeing configured to detect can be in order to determine for example user's blood pressure, blood sugar level, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), breathing, skinThe biometric data of moisture and cutaneous pigmentation level.
As shown in Fig. 2 B and 2C, in some embodiments, sensor package be positioned at portable monitoring arrangement in(for example, the side of the Surface Contact of device, touching or user oriented skin (hereinafter claims " skin for portion or skin sideSide ")) on. In some these type of embodiments, portable monitoring arrangement comprises projection on the skin side of installing or inner side,Represent as described above and in Fig. 2 B and 2C.
As described above, in some embodiments, optical transmitting set comprises to send and has specific to or be directed to due-inOne or more light emitting diode (LED), laser or other light of the light of one or more wavelength of the physiological data type of collection produceGenerating apparatus. Similarly, photodetector can comprise and can be configured to detect also specific to or be directed to physiological data to be collectedType and/or one or more photoelectricity two of the light of one or more wavelength of to be assessed or definite (user's) physiological parameterUtmost point pipe. For instance, in some embodiments, optical transmitting set and photodetector can be configured to send respectively and detectThe light of wavelength in the green portion of visible spectrum is to determine user's heart rate. In addition, optical transmitting set and photodetector can be throughBe configured to send respectively and detect the light of wavelength in redness and infrared ray (IR) part of spectrum to determine user's SpO2。In addition,, in some in these or other embodiment, photodetector can specifically be configured to rejection (not detecting) ringBorder optical wavelength, except those wavelength of the light being sent by optical transmitting set.
As described above, in some of the other embodiments, described sensor package and be associated optical transmitting set and lightDetector can be positioned on one or more outside or side surface of portable monitoring arrangement. In some these type of embodiments, useFamily can be with the finger touches optical window of phase backhand (optical transmitting set and photodetector are positioned at its rear) with initial heart rate measurement(or other relevant with heart rate tolerance, for example changes in heart rate) or collect can be (or relevant with heart rate in order to determine user's heart rateOther tolerance) data. Also as described above, in some embodiments, portable monitoring arrangement can be by detectingIncident light on photodetector (for example, decline and triggering or initial heart rate measurement suddenly), for example, when user's fingerWhile being placed on optical window. Additionally or alternati, in some embodiments, can be by examining based on the ultrared degree of approachSurvey device or capacitor-type touch/proximity detector (it can separate with other detector) and trigger heart rate measurement (or other this type ofTolerance). This type of can for example be placed in optics based on ultrared proximity detector or capacitor-type touch/proximity detectorIn window or on it or in function, electricity or be physically coupled to detect with optical window or to determine that for example user points describedExist.
PPG circuit can, through optimizing to obtain best quality signal, and have nothing to do in multiple environmental condition, including but not limited to fortuneMoving, surround lighting and the colour of skin. Following circuit and technology can be optimized (seeing that Figure 16 A is to 16J and Figure 17 to 19) in order to carry out this;
-can be used for sampling and holding circuit and the difference/instrument amplifier of PPG sensing. Output signal is with reference to givenPoor through amplifying between the current and previous sample of voltage.
-in order to compensate the controlled current source of " biasing " electric current before transimpedance amplifier. This permission is amplified in transimpedanceThe larger gain of device level place application.
-for being applied to sampling and the holding circuit of current feedback of photodiode (before transimpedance amplifier). ThisCan be used for surround lighting and remove, or " biasing " electric current removes, or as pseudo-differential amplifier (may need double track).
-have surround lighting eliminate difference/instrument amplifier.
The photodiode of the electric current that-compensation is dynamically produced by DAC.
The photodiode of the electric current that-compensation is dynamically produced by controlled voltage source.
-use the surround lighting of " switched capacitor " method to remove.
The photoelectricity two of the electric current (also can complete by constant voltage source and resistor) that-compensation is produced by constant current sourceUtmost point pipe.
-surround lighting remove and continuous sample between differencing.
-surround lighting remove and continuous sample between differencing.
Figure 16 A explanation can be used for the sampling of PPG sensing and the example schematic of holding circuit and difference/instrument amplifier.Output signal in this type of circuit can be poor through amplifying with reference between the current sample of given voltage and previous sample.
Figure 16 B explanation carrys out the PPG sensing of compensation " biasing " electric current before transimpedance amplifier with controlled current sourceThe example schematic of the circuit of device. This allows in the larger gain of transimpedance amplifier level place application.
Figure 16 C explanation is used for being applied to photodiode (across resistance for the use sampling of PPG sensor and holding circuitBefore anti-amplifier) the example schematic of circuit of current feedback. This circuit can be used for surround lighting and removes, or " biasing "Electric current removes, or as pseudo-differential amplifier.
Figure 16 D explanation has surround lighting and eliminates the electricity of functional difference/instrument amplifier for the use of PPG sensorThe example schematic on road.
Figure 16 E explanation compensates the electricity of the electric current dynamically being produced by DAC for the use photodiode of PPG sensorThe example schematic on road.
Figure 16 F explanation compensates for the use photodiode of PPG sensor the electric current dynamically being produced by controlled voltage sourceThe example schematic of circuit.
Figure 16 G explanation removes functional for the surround lighting that comprises use " switched capacitor " method of PPG sensorThe example schematic of circuit.
Figure 16 H explanation compensates for the use photodiode of PPG sensor the electric current being produced by constant current source, and (this alsoUseful constant voltage source and resistor complete) the example schematic of circuit.
Figure 16 I explanation is for the electricity that comprises surround lighting and remove the differencing between functional and continuous sample of PPG sensorThe example schematic on road.
Figure 16 J explanation remove for surround lighting and continuous sample between the example schematic of circuit of differencing.
Hereinafter with reference Figure 17 to 19 describe light transmitting and optical detection circuit more specifically or particular. Figure 17Show according to embodiments more of the present invention for driving optical transmitting set by incident optical signal LEBe transmitted into user's skinExemplary light transmitting drive circuit 1740 on one region of skin. For instance, light transmitting drive circuit 1740 canBe combined with to the optical transmitting set of 3C with Fig. 3 A. As described above, incident optical signal LEA part by user'sSkin, and more particularly, by reflection,arterial, refraction or the otherwise scattering of user's skin below. By userThe described part of incident light of skin scattering be also called in this article " scattered light signal " LS. Figure 18 shows basisSome embodiments for detection of scattered light signal LSAnd for based on scattered light signal LSCarry out output signal output OUTThe block diagram of exemplary optical detection circuit 1860. For instance, optical detection circuit 1860 can be examined to the light of 3C with Fig. 3 ASurvey device is combined with. Figure 19 show according to some embodiments for implementing the reality of optical detection circuit 1860 of Figure 18Example circuit 1960.
Light transmitting drive circuit 1740 comprises the voltage-controlled current source in high level, and it drives through arranging to incite somebody to actionIncident optical signal LEBe transmitted into the optical transmitting set 1742 on user's a region of skin. For instance, optical transmitting set 1742Can comprise one or more LED, laser instrument or other light source. In illustrated embodiment, described voltage-controlled electricityStream source is to be implemented by drive circuit 1744, described drive circuit based on from (for example) as described above processor orOne or more control signal Cntrl that processing unit receivesDAnd power to optical transmitting set 1742. In some embodiments,Drive circuit 1740 is configured to based on control signal CntrlD(for example,, in the time being enabled by control signal) drive (or" power supply ") optical transmitting set 1742 lasting some time interval, make optical transmitting set 1742 during the described time intervalWith the form utilizing emitted light signal L of a succession of (or " row ") pulseE. For instance, in some cases, optical transmitting set 1742Be in portable computing aspect power consumption the one in most economical assembly. Therefore, can be to optical transmitting setOnly shorter time quantum of 1742 power supplies, therefore the use of a succession of short pulse also continues only shorter time quantum.
When other embodiment (other embodiment that comprises voltage-controlled current source) of drive circuit 1744 inIn scope of the present invention time, in illustrated embodiment, drive circuit 1744 comprise there is first input end,The operational amplifier 1746 of the second input terminal and lead-out terminal. Drive circuit 1744 also comprises and operational amplifierThe D/A converter (DAC) 1748 of 1746 the sub-electric coupling of first input end. DAC1748 is based on reference signal VREFWith control signal CntrlDAnd by input signal VINOffer first input end of operational amplifier 1746. Supply of electric powerRail is supplied to power supply the first terminal of optical transmitting set 1742.
Drive circuit 1740 also comprises switch, and more particularly, comprises transistor 1750. In illustrated enforcementIn scheme, transistor 1750 is mos field effect transistor (MOSFET), and more particularly, isN channel mosfet (" nmos pass transistor "). In some of the other embodiments, transistor 1750 can be by any classThe switch of type or transistor (for example, bipolar junction transistor) are implemented. Transistor 1750 comprises gate terminal, drain terminal DWith source terminal S. The lead-out terminal electric coupling of described gate terminal and operational amplifier 1746. Described drain terminal DThe second terminal electric coupling with optical transmitting set 1742. Source terminal S is via having resistance RSResistor 1752 and electric couplingBe incorporated into reference voltage, for example ground connection. Source terminal S further with the second input terminal electricity coupling of operational amplifier 1746Close for feedback signal being offered to described operational amplifier. In illustrated embodiment, drive circuit 1744Further comprise be electrically coupled to the lead-out terminal of operational amplifier 1746 and the second input terminal of described operational amplifier itBetween there is capacitor CPCapacitor 1754. Drive circuit 1744 also can be included in the output of operational amplifier 1746Between the gate terminal of terminal and transistor 1750, there is resistance RP1Resistor 1756. Drive circuit 1744 alsoCan be included in the resistance that has between the source terminal S of transistor 1750 and the second input terminal of operational amplifier 1746RP2Resistor 1758. Resistance RP1And resistance RP2And capacitor CPCan be configured to tune driver circuit 1744To obtain the fast and stable time, it can save electric power because can operate within the less time, has maintained stability simultaneously.What during operation, operational amplifier 1746 was configured to receive based on the second input terminal place of operational amplifier is anti-Feedback signal maintains the constant voltage substantially across resistor 1752. In this way, drive circuit 1744 serves as perseveranceConstant current source, it has the electric current I through optical transmitting set 1742 and resistor 1752E＝VIN/RS. This is desirable, because ofFor offering the electric current I of optical transmitting set 1752EIn any change or ripple will cause incident optical signal LEIn not desirableFalse shadow, this will be at scattered light signal LSMiddle displaying.
Referring now to Figure 18,, optical detection circuit 1860 is configured to: detect scattered light signal LS(for example,, by user's skinThe incident optical signal L of skin scatteringEA part); Produce based on described scattered light signal the signal of telecommunication I detectingD; RightThe described signal of telecommunication samples to produce through sampled signal S1; And carry out digitlization through sampled signal and show with generation describedShow the output signal OUT of (for example, heart rate data). As described above, environment light condition, skin color (pigmentation)And user movement all can make to be difficult to the heart rate from data signal extraction user. In some embodiments, light detectsCircuit 1860 is configured to proofread and correct low frequency or " DC " skew of being caused by surround lighting. For instance, environment light conditionCan for example, along with user moves or changes orientation (, hand or health) or for example, along with outside luminescent condition (, sunshine or insideLuminous) along with the time changes and changes. In some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 is configured to by from lightOpen in source and the signal that detects when signal is sampled deducts detecting of obtaining in the time that light source is closed effectivelySignal IDSurround lighting component proofread and correct environment light condition.
In some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 is also configured to adjust the signal I detectingDGain in caseOnly the various electric assembly (for example, operational amplifier) of optical detection circuit 1860 is saturated, or makes through sampled signal S1'sValue enters and is suitable for carrying out digitlization through sampled signal to produce in the scope of ADC of output signal OUT. Come for exampleSay, because scattered light signal LSThe heart owing to user output and cause time become " AC " component with owing to ringBorder light and the low frequency that causes or " DC " component are compared can be relatively little, and because need to reduce with high frequency short pulseThe power consumption of optical transmitting set 1842, so need to deduct larger DC environment before arriving ADC through sampled signalLight component. More particularly, if do not deduct DC context components, ADC may not be sent out with needs pulsation soThe speed of the light of penetrating obtains measured value/reception data, makes the ADC cannot be required because the signal detecting is too largeShort time in resolve desired AC component with desired bit depth (for example, high accuracy/high bit depth ADC be owing to locatingReason require and be tending towards slower). In addition, can be advantageously, optical detection circuit 1860 is adjusted the optical signal I detectingD'sGain takes into account the difference of user's skin color (pigmentation). For instance, different skin colors will differently be inhaledReceive and scattered light. For instance, because darker skin color can absorb more light and scattering light still less, so canNeed to increase the optical signal I detectingDGain.
Optical detection circuit 1860 comprises photodetector 1862, and described photodetector is through locating and be configured to receive (or " senseSurvey " or " detection ") scattered light signal LSAt least a portion and light based on received and produce the signal of telecommunication detectingID. In some embodiments, photodetector 1862 is configured to produce the first telecommunications of the form that is changing currents with time signalNumber ID. In these a little embodiments, the first signal of telecommunication IDIn electric current value and currently just existed by photodetector 1862The scattered light signal L receiving in its detectable wave-length coverageSThe intensity of (and surround lighting) is proportional. At some, other is realExecute in scheme, photodetector 1862 can be configured to produce the first signal of telecommunication I of the form of time variant voltage signal while beingD. ?In these a little embodiments, the first signal of telecommunication IDIn voltage value will with current just by photodetector at its detectable rippleThe scattered light signal L receiving in long scopeSThe intensity of (and surround lighting) is proportional.
Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises commutation circuit 1864. Described commutation circuit 1864 can be used and comprise one or more mouldThe multiple suitable handoff technique of plan or digital switching device is implemented. For instance, in some embodiments, switchCircuit 1864 comprises Analogous Integrated Electronic Circuits. In some embodiments, the first commutation circuit 1864 comprises one or more crystalline substanceBody pipe, for example a pair of or more multipair MOSFET (for example, an every a pair of NMOS device and P ditch of comprising whereinRoad MOSFET (PMOS) device). In various embodiments, commutation circuit 1864 comprise at least the first configuration a and(in some embodiments, commutation circuit 1864 also comprises the 3rd configuration c) to the second configuration b. Commutation circuit 1864 is through joiningPut to receive the signal I based on detectingDVoltage signal VS, as described in greater detail below. Commutation circuit 1864 alsoFor example be configured to receive, from () one or more first control signal that processor or processing unit receive as described aboveCntrl1. Commutation circuit 1864 is based on one or more first control signal Cntrl1And join at least the first configuration a and secondPut between b and switch.
Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises the first sample circuit 1866, and it is configured to join first in commutation circuit 1864While putting in a to voltage signal VSValue sample. Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises the second sample circuit 1868, itsBe configured in the time that the first commutation circuit 1864 is in the second configuration b voltage signal VSValue sample.
Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises gain adjustable circuit 1870, and it is configured to exist in the first commutation circuit 1864(or " output " or " setting ") signal I is provided in the first configuration time1(for example, current signal), thereby with respect to detectingSignal IDAdjust voltage signal VSGain. As described above, can adjust described gain to make light inspectionSlowdown monitoring circuit 1860 can detect scattered light signal L exactly and reliablyS, make (for example) A/D converter (ADC) 1876Can resolve the sampled signal S that hangs oneself1Data signal. Can need to adjust in addition described gain to make optical detection circuit 1860Assembly (for example, operational amplifier) can be unsaturated or otherwise inappropriate or desirably do not work. Capable of regulatingGain circuitry 1870 is based on one or more second control signal Cntrl2(for example from processing unit receive) and based on (directly orThe signal I indirectly) detectingDValue set current signal I1Value and polarity, as described in greater detail below.
Optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises surround lighting and eliminates circuit 1872, and it is configured to exist in the first commutation circuit 1864Cancellation current signal I is provided in the first configuration time2With at least in part to the signal I detectingDNon-desired component enterRow is offset. Surround lighting is eliminated circuit 1872 based on one or more the 3rd control signal Cntrl3(for example receiving from processing unit)And based on the signal S being sampled by the second sample circuit 18682The value of (for example, voltage signal) is set current signal I2AmountValue and polarity, as described in greater detail below. For instance, as described above, the signal I detectingDWait eliminateComponent can be the result of surround lighting. That is to say, photodetector 1862 can except time become scattered light signal LSOutside alsoReception environment light, and therefore, the signal I detectingDCan be except by scattered light signal LSThe time variation causing is gone back outside measuring(although it should be noted that surround lighting component also can change in time, this type of surround lighting time changes in difference to comprise context componentsWith time become incident optical signal LEFrequency and the sampling rate phase of the first sample circuit 1866 and the second sample circuit 1868Than time be to there is much lower frequency and be actually " DC " or " static "). In some embodiments, lightTesting circuit 1860 is also configured to adjust the signal I detectingDGain to prevent the various electricity of optical detection circuit 1860Assembly (for example, operational amplifier) saturated, or make through sampled signal S1Value enter the model that is suitable for ADC1876In enclosing.
As described above, in some embodiments, photodetector 1862 is configured to the signal I detectingDDefeatedGo out for changing currents with time signal. In these a little embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 can further comprise current-voltage conversionDevice 1874, it is configured to the signal I detectingDBe converted to voltage signal VG. In these a little embodiments, adjustableWhole gain circuitry 1870 is more specifically set current signal I in the time that the first commutation circuit 1864 is in the first configuration1With relativelyIn the first signal of telecommunication IDAdjust voltage signal VGGain. In addition, in these a little embodiments, current signal I1'sValue and polarity are more specifically based on the second control signal Cntrl2With voltage signal VG。
In some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 also comprises buffer 1878, its buffer voltagc signal VGAnd defeatedGo out buffering signals VS. Optical detection circuit 1860 also can comprise buffer 1880, and it is through sampled signal S1Be input to ADCBefore 1876, it is cushioned. Optical detection circuit 1860 also can comprise buffer 1882, and it is through sampled signal S2Before being input to surround lighting elimination circuit 1872, it is cushioned.
In some embodiments, the assembly of current-voltage converter 1874 and gain adjustable circuit 1870 form orServe as the trsanscondutance amplifier 1884 with variable gain. As described above, this configuration can be avoided or be minimized from bright ringBorder light or saturated from the bright incident light of optical transmitting set. For instance, as described in greater detail below, trsanscondutance amplifier1884 gain can be by the variable resistance in the negative feedback paths of trsanscondutance amplifier or resistor multiplexed group orNetwork and automatically increase or reduce.
Figure 19 show according to some embodiments for implementing the example circuit 1960 of optical detection circuit 1960 of Figure 18.For instance, current-to-voltage convertor 1874 can comprise the first operational amplifier 1974. First of operational amplifier 1974Input terminal can with of the first terminal of photodetector 1952 (for example, photodiode) and adjustable impedance level 1970One terminal T1Electric coupling. The second input terminal of operational amplifier 1974 can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection.In circuit 1960, gain adjustable circuit 1870 comprises the adjustable impedance level that is configured to provide adjustable impedance1970. The lead-out terminal of operational amplifier 1974 can with the second terminal T of adjustable impedance level 19702Electric coupling. ComputingThe lead-out terminal of amplifier 1974 is output voltage signal V alsoG. As described above, operational amplifier 1974 and capable of regulatingImpedance level 1970 forms or serves as transimpedance amplifier 1984.
In example embodiment, adjustable impedance level 1970 comprises impedance network, and described impedance network has the tool of comprisingThere is resistance R1Resistor and there is capacitor C1The first impedance path 1973a of capacitor, it provides the first impedance.Described impedance network also comprises and comprises having different resistance R2Resistor and there is capacitor C2The second impedance of capacitorPath 1973b, it provides the second impedance. Adjustable impedance level 1970 further comprises the second commutation circuit 1971, itsBe configured to based on one or more second control signal Cntrl2Between the first configuration d and the second configuration e, change with differenceIn the middle of the first impedance path 1973a and the second impedance path 1973b, select. Should be appreciated that, although circuit 1960Only comprise two impedance path, but in some of the other embodiments, can comprise more than three or three impedance path, andThe second commutation circuit 1971 can more than three or three be selected in the middle of impedance path described. In addition, at some itsIn its embodiment, not make impedance network have to have multiple paths of different impedances, adjustable impedance level can comprise canImpedance, changes thereby be for example configured to change impedance the analogue component gaining.
In circuit 1960, surround lighting is eliminated the first terminal T of circuit 1872 at surround lighting elimination circuit 18723With ringBorder light is eliminated the second terminal T of circuit 18724Between comprise the second adjustable impedance level 1972. The second adjustable impedance level1972 are configured to provide adjustable impedance to adjust current signal I2. In example embodiment, adjustable impedance level1972 comprise the impedance network with the first impedance path 1977a, and described the first impedance path 1977a comprises and has resistanceR1Resistor. Described impedance network also comprises and has the second impedance path 1977b, described the second impedance path 1977bComprise and there is resistance R2Resistor. Adjustable impedance level 1972 further comprises the 3rd commutation circuit 1975, and it is through joiningPut with based on one or more the 3rd control signal Cntrl3Between the first configuration d and the second configuration e, change with in the first resistanceIn the middle of anti-path 1977a and the second impedance path 1977b, select.
It should be noted that in some embodiments impedance path 1973a and the identical (R of resistance in 1977a1)，And impedance path 1973b and the identical (R of resistance in 1977b2). , in some embodiments, increase for capable of regulatingEach impedance path in the adjustable impedance level 1970 of benefit circuit 1870, eliminates the adjustable of circuit 1872 at surround lightingIn whole impedance level 1972, there is the counterpart impedance path with same resistance. Thereby, in some embodiments, whenTwo commutation circuits 1971 are in configuration when d, and the 3rd commutation circuit 1975 is also in configuration d, and similarly, when secondCommutation circuit 1971 is in the time of configuration e, and the 3rd commutation circuit 1975 is also in configuration e. In some embodiments,The second commutation circuit 1971 and the 3rd commutation circuit 1975 can comprise identical switching device or for control group level 1970 andThe part of both single switch (for example, single analog switch) of impedance level 1972. In these a little embodiments, the 3rd controlSignal Cntrl processed3Can be the second control signal Cntrl2。
In addition, as the adjustable impedance level 1970 with reference to gain adjustable circuit 1870 is above described, at some otherIn embodiment, not make impedance network have to have multiple paths of different impedances, surround lighting is eliminated circuit 1872Adjustable impedance level 1972 can comprise variableimpedance, for example, be configured to change the analogue component of impedance.
In circuit 1960, buffer 1878 comprises the second operational amplifier 1978. The second operational amplifier 1978The lead-out terminal electric coupling of first input end and operational amplifier 1974. The lead-out terminal of the second operational amplifier 1978The second input terminal electric coupling with the second operational amplifier. In some embodiments, described circuit further comprise everyFrom resistor 1986, it has resistance RISO, the lead-out terminal that is in series electrically coupled to the second operational amplifier 1978 withBetween commutation circuit 1864. For instance, isolation resistor 1986 can serve as minimum and change into the resistance of toroidal effect (ringing)Buddhist nun mechanism.
The first sample circuit 1966 comprises the first sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit, described the first sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuitBe configured to receiver voltage signal VS, to voltage signal VSValue sample, and between the time between continuous sampleEvery middle maintenance (or " maintaining ", " capturing " or " storage ") through sampling value S1. In circuit 1960, a S/H electricityRoad is by commutation circuit 1864 and has capacitor CS1Capacitor 1966 implement. For instance, of capacitor 1966One terminal can be electrically coupled to commutation circuit 1864 with at commutation circuit 1864 receiver voltage signal V during in the first configuration aS。The second terminal of capacitor 1966 can with the reference voltage electric coupling such as such as ground connection. When commutation circuit 1864 is from the first configurationWhen a is converted to for example the second configuration b or the 3rd configuration c, capacitor 1966 keeps through sampling value S1. In some enforcement sidesIn case, need to there is large capacitor CS1Leak electricity to make capacitor 1966 can store many electric charges not obviously.
In some embodiments, because need to there is large capacitor CS1(and large capacitor C as described belowS2), thereforeNeed to comprise the first buffer 1878 (and specifically, operational amplifier 1978) to drive capacitor 1966 (and below to retouchThe capacitor 1968 of stating) large electric capacity. In this way, the first operational amplifier 1974 need not drive any capacitor, andThereby improve the performance of operational amplifier 1978, operational amplifier 1978 originally can the in the situation that of the large electric capacity of demand motiveCan be unstable. ADC1876 is configured to based on through sampled signal S1Produce and output digital voltage signal OUT. As aboveLiterary composition is described, and in some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 comprises for buffering through sampled signal S1Second slowRush device 1880. For instance, the second buffer 1880 can reduce or prevent the unstability that ADC1876 may causeOr electric leakage. In some these type of embodiment, the second buffer 1880 comprises the 3rd operational amplifier 1980. For instance,First input end of the 3rd operational amplifier 1980 can be electrically coupled to the output (capacitor of the first sample circuit 18661966 the first terminal). The lead-out terminal of the 3rd operational amplifier 1980 can with the second input of the 3rd operational amplifierSon and with ADC1876 electric coupling.
The second sample circuit 1868 comprises the second sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuit, described the second sampling and maintenance (S/H) circuitBe configured to receiver voltage signal VS, to voltage signal VSValue sample, and between the time between continuous sampleEvery middle maintenance through sampling value S2. In circuit 1960, the 2nd S/H circuit is by commutation circuit 1864 and has electric capacityCS2Capacitor 1968 implement. For instance, the first terminal of capacitor 1968 can be electrically coupled to commutation circuit 1864With at commutation circuit 1864 receiver voltage signal V during in the second configuration bS. The second terminal of capacitor 1968 can with exampleAs reference voltage electric coupling such as ground connection. When commutation circuit 1864 is for example converted to the first configuration a or the from the second configuration bWhen three configuration c, capacitor 1968 keeps through sampling value S2. Be similar to the first sample circuit 1866, in some enforcement sidesIn case, need to there is large capacitor CS2Leak electricity to make capacitor 1968 can store many electric charges not obviously.
As described above, in some embodiments, optical detection circuit 1860 comprises for through sampled signal S2QuiltSurround lighting cushions institute before eliminating circuit 1872 (and in embodiment of Figure 19, by adjustable impedance level 1972) receptionState through sampled signal S2The 3rd buffer 1882. In some these type of embodiments, the 3rd buffer 1882 comprisesFour-operational amplifier 1982. For instance, first input end of four-operational amplifier 1982 can be electrically coupled to secondThe output (the first terminal of capacitor 1968) of sample circuit 1868. The lead-out terminal of four-operational amplifier 1982 can be withThe second input terminal electric coupling of four-operational amplifier. The lead-out terminal of four-operational amplifier 1982 also with surround lightingElimination circuit 1872 (and more particularly, adjustable impedance level 1972) electric coupling. In some embodiments, the 3rdBuffer 1882 (and more particularly, four-operational amplifier 1982) is configured to only ought to assert or receive enables letterJust will be through sampled signal S when number EN2(and more particularly, be stored on capacitor 1968 with through sampled signal S2'sThe electric charge that value is associated) output to adjustable impedance level 1972. For instance, in some embodiments, at least cuttingChange during the time interval of circuit 1864 in the first configuration a and assert and enable signal EN. In this way, in commutation circuit1864 in the time of the first configuration a, and the electric charge being stored on capacitor 1968 is sent to surround lighting elimination electricity with current formsThe adjustable impedance level 1972 on road 1872, described electric charge is herein through the impedance road of being selected by the 3rd commutation circuit 1975One in footpath 1977a or 1977b and cause electric current I as described above2。
In some embodiments, circuit 1960 further comprises and the 4th of the first terminal coupling of photodetector 1862Commutation circuit 1988. The 4th commutation circuit 1988 can be configured to based on one or more the 4th control signal Cntrl4(from exampleAs processing unit as described above receives) the first terminal of photodetector 1862 is electrically coupled to the voltages such as such as ground connectionReference. In this way, for instance, at optical detection circuit 1860/1960 not to the sensed light signal I of instituteDWhile sampling,For example, when commutation circuit 1864 is in the time that the second configuration b or the 3rd configures c, because reception environment light is accumulated in light inspectionThe electric charge of surveying in device 1862 can be drained. In some of the other embodiments, the 4th commutation circuit 1988 is by photodetector1862 are electrically coupled to ungrounded reference voltage can be usefully, for example, for instance, needs therein reverse bias light inspectionSurvey in the embodiment of device 1862 (for example,, with reverse bias photodiode).
Now example three stages operatings of describing light transmitting drive circuit 1740 and optical detection circuit 1860 (and 1960) are followedRing. Should be appreciated that, the stage of example circulation can be contained the time interval that relates to multiple operations or reshuffle (with discrete time point phaseInstead), and in some embodiments can overlap each other. In the first operational phase, one or more control signal CntrlDCause drive circuit 1744 to drive optical transmitting set 1742 to send incident optical signal LE. Also in the first stage, one or manyIndividual the first control signal Cntrl1Cause commutation circuit 1864 to be converted to the first configuration a to make the first sample circuit 1866Can be to the detection signal I of instituteD(or more particularly, from for example signal VGOr VSDeng the detection signal I of instituteDThe signal of deriving)Carry out sample, and make subsequently ADC1876 can digitlization through sampled signal S1And output signal output OUT (comprise,For example, heart rate data). Also in the first stage, one or more second control signal Cntrl2Cause gain adjustable circuit1970 adjust or select impedance and produce signal I1With with respect to the detection signal I of instituteDAdjust voltage signal VSGain. AlsoIn the first stage, assert and enable signal EN, thereby cause the electric charge of being stored by the second sample circuit 1882 via electric currentBe sent to surround lighting and eliminate circuit 1872. In response to one or more the 3rd control signal Cntrl3, surround lighting is eliminated circuit 1872Electric charge based on receiving from the second sample circuit 1882 and adjust or select impedance and produce erasure signal I2(or support to eliminateDisappear) the detection signal I of instituteDContext components. Also in the first stage, one or more the 4th control signal Cntrl4CauseFour commutation circuits 1988 make photodetector 1862 from reference voltage decoupling zero, make photodetector 1862 can produce detectSignal ID。
In some embodiments, in the second operational phase, one or more first control signal Cntrl1Cause and switch electricityRoad 1864 is converted to the second configuration b to stop using the first sample circuit 1866 and enable the second sample circuit 1868 with to instituteDetection signal IDSample, optical transmitting set 1742 turns off for example to store the detection signal I with institute simultaneouslyDContext componentsProportional electric charge. Also in second stage, cancel and assert and enable signal EN to make the second sample circuit 1882 canStorage with through sampled signal S2The electric charge (for example,, on capacitor 1968) being associated. As described above, its be withThrough sampled signal S2The electric charge being associated, after a while in order to provide signal I2With eliminate during the first operational phase detectedThe context components of light.
In some embodiments, in the 3rd operational phase, one or more the 4th control signal Cntrl4Cause the 4th to cutChange circuit 1988 photodetector 1862 is coupled to reference voltage (for example, ground connection), making originally will be owing to surround lightingAnd the electric charge being accumulated in photodetector 1862 can be drained. In some embodiments, light transmitting drive circuit 1740And optical detection circuit 1860 then repeated for first, second and third operational phase, by that analogy.
Biometric feedback
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can provide feedback to user based on one or more biometric signal. ?In an embodiment, PPG signal can be used as in real time or approaches real-time waveform on the display of biometric monitoring arrangement(or on display of the servicing unit of communicating by letter with described biometric monitoring arrangement) presents to user. This waveform can provideSimilarly feed back with the waveform being presented on ECG or EKG machine. Can be in order to estimate various heart degree except providing to userFor example, outside the instruction of the PPG signal of amount (, heart rate), described waveform also can provide feedback, and described feedback can make userCan optimize its position of wearing biometric monitoring arrangement and pressure. For instance, user can see that waveform has low shakingWidth. In response to this, user can attempt the position of biometric monitoring arrangement to move to the difference that provides higher amplitudes signalPosition. In some embodiments, indicate based on this, biometric monitoring arrangement can provide instruction to user with movementOr the fit of adjusting biometric monitoring arrangement is to improve signal quality.
In another embodiment, can provide the quality about PPG signal to user via the method that is different from display waveformFeedback. For example, if signal quality (signal to noise ratio) exceedes a certain threshold value, biometric monitoring arrangement can send the sense of hearing soReport to the police (for example buzzer). Biometric monitoring arrangement can offer user by visual cues (for example,, via using display)(for example, logical in the situation that device is worn in wrist with the position of change sensor and/or the pressure of increase wearable deviceCross tension wrist strap).
Can provide biometric feedback for the sensor that is different from PPG sensor. For instance, if device usesAny one the device that ECG, EMG or be connected to carries out in these, it can provide about from those to user soThe feedback of the waveform of sensor. If the signal to noise ratio of these sensors is low or signal quality is former thereby impaired because of other, soCan indicating user its can how to improve described signal. For instance, if can not heart rate be detected from ECG sensor,Device can provide visual message to user so, indicates its wetting or ECG electrode of getting wet to improve signal.
Environmental sensor
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use in following environmental sensor one, some orAll come for example to obtain environmental data, be included in the environmental data of summarizing in following table. These a little biometric monitoring arrangements are not limitIn number or the type of the sensor of below specifying, and can use other sensing of obtaining the environmental data of summarizing in following tableDevice. All combinations of environmental sensor and/or environmental data and arrange set falling within the scope of the present invention. In addition device,Can export data from respective sensor and derive environmental data, but be not limited to the environmental data class that it can be derived from described sensorType.
Embodiment that it should be noted that biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use environmental sensor as herein describedIn one or many person or one or many person in biosensor whole and as herein described or all. In fact, of the present inventionBiometric monitoring arrangement can use any sensor known or exploitation after a while now to obtain environmental data as herein describedAnd in physiological data any one or all, it is set falling within the scope of the present invention all.
In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise the height that is for example placed in or is positioned at crust of the device insideFlowmeter sensor. (see, for example, Figure 12 B and 12C; Figure 12 C explanation has biosensor, environmental sensor and companyReceive the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement of the position sensor of processor). In the case, crust of the device canHave ventilating opening, it allows any change of device internal measurement, detection, sampling and/or experience external pressure. At oneIn embodiment, ventilating opening can anti-sealing access to plant, promotes via altimeter sensor measurement, detection and/or sampling simultaneouslyThe change of pressure. For instance, the outer surface of biometric monitoring arrangement (for example, can comprise ventilating opening type configuration or frameworkGoreTMVentilating opening), it allows shell (its permission altimeter sensor measurement, the inspection of surrounding air immigration and moving-out deviceThe change of survey and/or sampling pressure), but reduce, prevent and/or minimize in the shell of water and other liquid flow auto levelizer.
In one embodiment, altimeter sensor can be with gel-filled, described gel allow sensor experience gel itOuter pressure change. Gel can serve as relatively impermeable, incompressible and flexible barrier film, and it becomes external pressureChange and be transmitted into physically transport disengaging height meter (and other intraware) and external environment condition of altimeter while. Use gel-filled heightDegree meter can provide the environmental protection of higher level in the situation that using or environment for use does not seal ventilating opening to device. DeviceCan in the position including but not limited to upper/lower positions, have compared with high viability at gel-filled altimeter(survivabilityrate): have high humility position, washing machine, dish-washing machine, dryer, vaporium or sauna chamber,Shower, pond, bathtub and device may be exposed to moisture, are exposed to liquid or are immersed in any position in liquid.
Sensor is integrated/signal processing
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can use the number from two or more sensorsFor example, according to being calculated as follows corresponding physiology seen in table or environmental data (, capable of being combined use from two or moreThe data of sensor are determined the tolerance of the tolerance of for example below listing). Biometric monitoring arrangement can including but not limited underNumber, type or the combination of the sensor that literary composition is specified. In addition, these a little biometric monitoring arrangements can be from respective sensor groupClose the data that derivation comprises, but be not limited to combine from respective sensor number or the type of the data that calculate.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement also can comprise near-field communication (NFC) receiver/transmitter to detectTo the proximity of another devices such as such as mobile phone. When make biometric monitoring arrangement close to the second device or reach withSecond device the detected degree of approach time, its can trigger on the second device, start new functionalized (for example, start mobile phoneOn " application program " and make to be synchronized to the second device from the physiological data radio of described device). (see, for example,Figure 10). In fact it is temporarily special that, biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can be implemented U.S. of application on March 5th, 2012Profit application case 61/606,559 (" near field communication system and method for operating thereof (NearFieldCommunicationSystem,AndMethodofOperatingSame) ", inventor: James Parker (JamesPark), its content is for this this orderBe incorporated herein by reference) described in and/or explanation circuit and technology in any one.
Figure 10 illustrates the example of the portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement on it with bicycle application program, voluntarily describedCar application program can show step and other tolerance of bicycle speed and/or pedal. Whenever biometric monitoring arrangementWhile approaching passive or active NFC mark, can start described application program. This NFC mark can be attached to user's handleBar.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise position sensor (for example, GPS circuit) and heart rate biographySensor (for example, photoelectricity volume diagram circuit) is to produce respectively GPS or location dependent data and heart rate related data. (see exampleAs, Figure 12 B and 12C). Biometric monitoring arrangement can then merge, process and/or combine from these two sensors/The data of circuit for example, so that for example according to physiological data, (, heart rate, anxiety, activity level, amount of sleep and/or calorie are taken the photographEnter) determine, be correlated with and/or " mapping " geographic region. In this way, biometric monitoring arrangement can be identified and increases or subtractI is measured the ground of user metric (including but not limited to heart rate, anxiety, activity level, amount of sleep and/or calorie absorption)Reason district.
Additionally or alternati, some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can use GPS related data and photoelectricity volume diagramRelated data (it should be noted that each data flow thought wherein) according to activity level (for example, as pass through is comeUser's acceleration, speed, position and/or travel distance (as measured by GPS and/or determining from GPS related data)Determine) determine user's heart rate or make it relevant. (see, for example, Figure 12 B and 12C). Herein, at an embodimentIn, the heart rate that can become with speed for user " plotting ", or described data can be decomposed into varying level, comprises but notBe limited to sleep, tranquillization, sitting, moderately active, activity, and highly movable.
In fact, some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement also can make GPS related data and predetermined geographic locality (toolHave the activity associated with it for one group of predetermined condition) database relevant. For instance, movable definite and corresponding rawReason classification (for example, heart rate classification) can comprise make user GPS coordinate (corresponding to exercise device, health club and/orThe position in gymnasium) relevant to physiological data. Under these situations, can automatically measure and be presented at for example gymnasium body-buildingUser's heart rate during this time. It should be noted that many physiological classifications can, based on GPS related data, comprise position, accelerationDegree, height above sea level, distance and/or speed. This type of database comprises geodata, and can compile, physiology data and/ or be stored on biometric monitoring arrangement and/or external computing device. In fact, in one embodiment, useFamily can create himself location database or interpolation or location revision database with its activity of classifying better.
In another embodiment, user can wear multiple biometric monitoring arrangements simultaneously and (has in feature as herein describedAny one). The biometric monitoring arrangement of this embodiment can use wired or wireless circuit to communicate with one another or be logical with remote-control deviceLetter, calculates or calculates inaccurate biometric or physiology quality or amount, example as being otherwise difficult to calculated exampleAs pulsation conduction time. The degree of accuracy and/or accuracy that the use of multiple sensors also can improve biometric measurement make it excellentIn the degree of accuracy and/or the accuracy of single-sensor. For instance, on waist, wrist and ankle, having biometric followsTrack device can improve detection that user is taken a step (than the situation of the single assembly in the one in those positions only). CanProcess to provide the feelings than single assembly with distributed or centralized approach executive signal on biometric tracking meansThe measurement that condition makes moderate progress. Also can process and after processing, pass on and get back to biometric tracking dress by this signal of long-range executionPut.
In another embodiment, can make heart rate or other biometric data be related to user food daily record (user picked-upThe daily record of food, its nutrition content and part thereof). Food journal entries can automatically key in food daily record or can by user thisBody via with biometric monitoring arrangement (or auxiliary or remote-control device, for example Intelligent electric of communicating by letter with biometric monitoring arrangementWords, or some other device of communicating by letter with biometric monitoring arrangement, for example server) mutual and key in. About userThe information of the biometric reaction of health to one or more food input can be presented to user. For instance, if user drinksCoffee, its heart rate may be due to coffee thereby rising so. In another example, the food if user takes food at dead of nightMajor part, it may spend than usual and fall asleep for more time so. Food input and corresponding result in biometricAny combination can be incorporated in this type of reponse system.
The fusion of food intake data and biometric data also can make some embodiment energy of biometric monitoring arrangementEnough user's glucose level is estimated. This may be particularly useful for the user who suffers from diabetes. By relating to PortugalGrape sugar level and user's activity (for example walking, running, calorie burning) and the algorithm that nutrition is taken in, biometric prisonView apparatus can advise when it may have abnormal blood sugar level to user.
Processing tasks is entrusted
The embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise one or more processors. For instance, stand-alone utility placeReason device can and be carried out in order to storage to utilize by one or more sensor processor and (process from physiology, environment and/or movable biographyThe processor of the data of sensor) application program of the sensing data that obtains and process. There are therein the feelings of multiple sensorsUnder condition, also may there are multiple sensor processors. Application processor also can have the sensor that is directly connected to it.Sensor and application processor can be used as independent discrete chip exist or be present in identical in packaged chip (multinuclearThe heart). Device can have single application processor, or application processor and sensor processor, or multiple applicationProgram processor and sensor processor.
In one embodiment, sensor processor can be placed on the daughter board being made up of all simulated assemblies(daughterboard) on. This plate can have some in the electronic device conventionally seeing on main PCB, such as but not limited toTransimpedance amplifier, filter circuit, horizontal shift device, sampling and holding circuit and micro controller unit. This type of configuration canAllow daughter board to connect via use numeral but not simulate and connect (except the electric power or grounding connection of any necessity) connectionTo main PCB. Numeral connection can have and is better than the multiple advantage of analog submodule card to main PCB connection, comprises but does not limitReduce and the reducing of necessary cable number in noise. Daughter board can be connected to via using flexible cable or one group of wireMainboard.
Multiple application programs can be stored in application processor. Application program can be by holding for described application programRow code and data composition, but be not limited to these. Data can be by carrying out required figure or the out of Memory group of described application programBecome, and it can be exported for the information being produced by application program. For the executable code of application program and data, both all can stayStay application processor (or being incorporated to memory wherein) upper, or can be from external memory storage for the data of application programStorage and retrieval. External memory storage can be including but not limited to the sudden strain of a muscle on nand flash memory, NOR flash memory, another processorDeposit, other solid-state storage device, machinery or optical disc, RAM, etc.
Executable code for application program also can be stored in external memory storage. When application processor receives executionWhen the request of application program, described application processor can be retrieved executable code and/or data and hold from external memoryThe described executable code of row and/or data. Described executable code can temporarily or for good and all be stored in the storage of application processorOn device or storage device. This allows application program next to carry out request and to carry out more quickly, because eliminated retrieval stepSuddenly. When request is when executive utility, all executable codes that application processor can retrieve application maybe can be carried outThe part of code. Under latter event, only retrieve the executable code part needing at that time. This allows to carry out than application journeyThe application program that the memory of order processor or storage device are large.
Application processor also can have memory protection feature and override, destroys, interrupts, blocks to prevent application programOr otherwise disturb other assembly of other application program, sensing system, application processor or system.
Application program can be via multiple wired, wireless, optics or electric capacity mechanism (including but not limited to USB, Wi-Fi, indigo plantTooth, bluetooth are low-yield, NFC, RFID, purple honeybee) be loaded on application processor and/or any external memory.
Application program is the signature of available electron encrypted signature ground also. Application processor can be limited to the execution of application programThere are those people of correct signature.
The system integration in biometric monitoring arrangement
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, in biometric monitoring arrangement or some sensors or electronicsSystem is can be each other integrated or can shared unit or resource. For instance, for the photoelectric detector (example of optics heart rate sensorAs can be used on February 28th, 2014 application and be previously incorporated herein by reference the 61/946th, No. 439 U.S.In the heart rate sensor of discussing in temporary patent application case), also can serve as the Photoelectric Detection for determining ambient light levelDevice, for example can the impact on heart rate sensor reading in order to corrector loop border light. For instance, if for this type of heart rate inspectionSurvey the light source of device and turn off, the light of being measured by described photoelectric detector so can be indicated the amount of existing surround lighting.
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can use for example optics heart rate prisonThe vehicle-mounted optical pickocffs such as the assembly in visual organ are configured or communication with it. For instance, optics heart rate sensor (or,If there is ambient light sensor) photoelectric detector for example also can serve as, for optical emitting channel (infrared communication)Receiver.
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, can comprise hybrid antenna, its combined radio frequency antenna is (for example blueTooth antenna or gps antenna) and inductive loop (for example can be used in near-field communication (NFC) mark or induction charging system). At thisIn a little embodiments, the functional of two different systems is provided in an integrated system, thereby saves encapsulation volume.In this type of hybrid antenna, inductive loop can be placed to close proximity in the radiator of inverted-F antenna. Described inductive loop is passableThe coupling of inductance mode and radiator, thus allow flat elements that described inductive loop serves as antenna for radio frequency object, therebyForm for example smooth inverted-F antenna. Meanwhile, inductive loop also can be served its normal function, for example via with by NFCReader produce electromagnetic field inductance coupling high and electric current is provided to NFC chip. The example of these a little hybrid antenna systemsBe discussed in more detail the 61/948th of application on March 5th, 2014, in No. 470 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases, described inU.S. Provisional Patent Application case had previously been incorporated to by reference this in " to the cross reference of related application " partIn literary composition and again, be hereby incorporated to by reference about the content of pointing out at hybrid antenna structure place. Certainly, this is mixed a bitClose in other electronic installation that antenna also can be used for being different from biometric monitoring arrangement, and this type of of hybrid antenna is abioticMetering monitoring arrangement uses to be contained within the scope of the invention.
The method of wearable device
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise shell, and its size and shape promote biometric to monitor dressPut at the health that is fixed to user in normal operating period, wherein said device in the time being coupled to user immeasurably or obviouslyGround affects user's activity. Described biometric monitoring arrangement can be depending on and is integrated into specific in biometric monitoring arrangementSensor package and user wear the data of wanting to obtain by different way.
User can be by using belt (its for flexible and be easily fitted to thus user) that biometric of the present invention is supervisedSome embodiment of view apparatus are worn on its wrist or ankle (or arm or leg). Described belt can have capable of regulating circumference,Therefore allow it to be fitted to user. The material construction that described belt can shrink when being exposed to heat forms, and therefore allows userSet up the adaptation of customization. Described belt can and if desired can from " electronic device " part dismounting of biometric monitoring arrangementChange.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be made up of two primary clusterings: main body (contains " electronics devicePart ") and belt (promoting device to be attached to user). Described main body can comprise shell (for example, by plastics or plastic-like material systemBecome) and for example, from the outstanding extension protuberance of main body (being made by metal or metal-like material). (see, for example, Fig. 2 C is to 3C).Described belt (for example being made by thermoplasticity amido formate) can be for example mechanically or adhesion mode be attached to health. InstituteState belt and can extend a part from the circumference of user's wrist. The far-end of amido formate belt can with Velcro or shackle bulletProperty fabric belt (in a side, encompass D shape ring and follow attached get back to self) connect. In this embodiment, closing machineStructure can allow user ad infinitum to carry out belt length adjustment (being different from index hole and mechanical snap sealing). Velcro or elasticityFabric can allow its be replaced (for example, if its before the useful end of life of device, wear or otherwiseUndesirably wear) mode be attached to belt. In one embodiment, Velcro or fabric can pass through screw or rivetAnd/or glue, adhesive and/or buckle are attached to belt.
The embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can be integrated into and be worn on necklace, pectoral girdle, brassiere, adhesionIn property sticking patch, glass, earing or toestraps of yacht (toeband). These a little biometric monitoring arrangements can be built-in as follows:The part of sensor package/biometric monitoring arrangement is removable and can be including but not limited to listed those aboveThe mode of any number of mode is worn.
In another embodiment, the embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can through wear to clip to dress orFor example leave in, for example, in clothes (, pocket) or ornament (, handbag, knapsack, wallet). Cause is a little biometrics prisons for this reasonNot close user's skin of view apparatus, so in the embodiment that comprises heart rate measurement, can manually will fill by userBe placed in AD HOC (for example, cover capacitive touch sensor by pressing the button, with finger tip, etc., may there is embeddingEnter the heart rate sensor in button/sensor) and in discrete, " by demand " context or automatically (once user willDevice is placed on skin and (for example, finger is applied to optics heart rate sensor)) obtain and measure.
User interface with device
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise for allow locally or remotely with device mutualOr multiple methods is functional.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be passed on data with visual manner via digital display. This is aobviousThe physical embodiments of showing device can be used any one or more Display Techniques, including but not limited to one or many in following personPerson: LED, LCD, AMOLED, electric ink, clear Display Technique, graphic alphanumeric display, and other Display Technique,For example TN, HTN, STN, FSTN, TFT, IPS and OLET. This display can be illustrated on device and obtain in this localityThe data of getting or storing maybe can show from the data of other device or Internet service Remote Acquisitioning. Biometric monitoring arrangementCan use sensor (for example, ambient light sensor " ALS ") to control or adjust the amount of screen backlight (if use the back of the bodyLight). For instance, in dark illumination situation, display adjustable dark to be to save battery life, and in bright illumination situationIn, display brightness can increase it is more easily read by user.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can with monochromatic or multi-colored led come the state of indicating device.Biometric monitoring arrangement can use the state of LED instruction can be including but not limited to biometric states such as such as hearts rate orFor example import message into or reached the Application Status of target etc. These states can be opened by the color of LED, LED orClose the pulse (and/or its speed) of (or the intensity that mediates), LED and/or from closing the luminous intensity mould that drops to maximum brightness completelyFormula is indicated. In one embodiment, the stage of LED available subscribers heart rate and frequency are modulated its intensity and/or color.
In certain embodiments, use electronic ink display can allow display to keep connecting and reflective display nothing butBattery drain. This " often open " functional can in for example wrist-watch application program, (wherein user can sweep biometric simplyMonitoring arrangement is to see the time) situation under provide pleasant user to experience. Electronic ink display is displaying contents all the timeAnd do not damage the battery life of device, thereby allow user to see the time (as it on traditional wrist-watch).
Some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement can use the light such as such as LED show user heart rate (by adjustThe amplitude of the light that system is sent with the frequency of user's heart rate). Described device can for example, via the color of LED (, green, redness)Or a succession of LED lighting according to the change of heart rate (for example, progress bar) describe heart rate district (for example, aerobic, detestOxygen, etc.). Biometric monitoring arrangement can be integrated or be incorporated in another device or structure of for example glass or goggles,Or communicate by letter that with glass or goggles this information is shown to user.
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement also can convey to user by information via the physical motion of device. PhysicsThis type of embodiment of the method for ground mobile device is for using vibration to bring out motor. Device can be individually or in conjunction with multiple itsIts exercise induced utilization the method.
In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can convey to user by information via audible feedback. Come for exampleSay, the loudspeaker in biometric monitoring arrangement can be passed on via using audio tones, voice, song or other soundInformation.
In the various embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement, these three information communicating methods (vision, motion and the sense of hearing)Can be individually or with each other or pass on any combination of another method for conveying of any one or more following information to use:
● user need to wake up at special time
● user Ying Qi wakes up in the time of a certain sleep stage
● user should fall asleep sometime
● user Ying Qi delimits in a certain sleep stage and in the earliest and the latest time of being wanted to wake up by userIn preselected time window time, wake up.
● receive Email
● user inertia reaches the cycle sometime. It should be noted that this can with for example calendar of conference or sleep follow the tracks ofThe integrated behavior to plan, to simplify or adjust that inertia is reminded of other application program of application program.
● user activity reaches the cycle sometime
● user has appointment or calendar event
● user has reached a certain movable tolerance
● user's a certain distance of having walked about
● user has reached a certain mileage
● user has reached a certain speed
● user has accumulated and has reached a certain height above sea level
● user's a certain step number of having walked
● user has carried out heart rate measurement recently
● user's heart rate has reached certain level
● user has for particular value or normal, the activity in particular range or resting heart rate
● user's heart rate has entered or has exited a certain target zone or training center
● user has new heart rate " district " target of wanting to reach, be in said case for running, by bike, swimming etc.The heart rate district of Exercises
● a swum one way or complete the one way of a certain number in pond of user
● external device (ED) has the information that need to convey to user, for example, import any one in call or above prompting into
● user has reached a certain tired target or the limit. In one embodiment, can via heart rate, skin electroresponse,The combination of motion sensor and/or breath data is determined tired
It is in order to illustrate and not wish that restriction can be passed by these a little embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement that these examples are providedReach the scope of the information of (for example,, to user). Note, can be from the first dress in order to the data that determine whether to meet alert conditionPut and/or one or more servicing unit obtains. Biometric monitoring arrangement self can determine whether to have met the standard for remindingOr condition. For example, or the calculation element (, server and/or mobile phone) of communicating by letter with biometric monitoring arrangement canDetermine when and should remind. In view of the present invention, those skilled in the art can imagine biometric monitoring arrangement and can passReach the out of Memory to user. For instance, in the time meeting target, biometric monitoring arrangement can with telex network.Meet environmental sensor that the criterion of this target can be based on physiology, context and first device and/or auxiliary from one or moreHelp other sensing data of device. Can be set by the user or can be by biometric monitoring arrangement self and/or and biometricAnother calculation element (for example, server) target setting of monitoring arrangement communication. In an example embodiment, meeting lifeWhen thing metering target, biometric monitoring arrangement can vibrate.
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can be equipped with wireless and/or wire communication circuit with in real timeGround shows data on servicing unit. For instance, these a little biometric monitoring arrangements can via bluetooth low-yield withMobile phone communications is to provide heart rate, changes in heart rate and/or nervous Real-time Feedback to user. These a little biometrics monitorDevice can train or permit user breathes with the ad hoc fashion (for example, by carrying out deep and slow respiration) of keeping tensions down " timeCarve ". Anxiety can be through quantification or via heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin temperature, motor activity data and/or skin electroresponseChange assessed.
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can receive from user via one or more Local or Remote input methodInput. This kind of embodiment for local user's input can turn user's movement with a sensor or one group of sensorTranslate the order of twin installation. These a little motions can comprise but can be not limited to touch by, rotate wrist, bending one or more muscle,And swing arm. Another user input method can be via using button, such as but not limited to capacitance touch button, condenser typeButton screen and mechanical button. In one embodiment, user interface buttons can be made of metal. Screen uses thereinIn the embodiment that capacitance touch detects, its can sample all the time and be ready to any posture or input respond and withoutIntervention event, for example, promote physical button. These a little biometric monitoring arrangements also can be via using voice command to input.All these input methods can be integrated in biometric monitoring arrangement in this locality or be integrated into can be via wired or wireless companyConnect in the remote-control device of a little biometric monitoring arrangement communications therewith. In addition, user also may be able to grasp via remote-control deviceVertical biometric monitoring arrangement. In one embodiment, this remote-control device can have Internet connection.
Alarm
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can serve as wrist installing type vibration alarm with peace and quietGround wakes user up from sleep. These a little biometric monitoring arrangements can via heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin electroresponse,For example, one in motion sensing (, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer) and skin temperature or combination and follow the tracks of user'sSleep quality, wake-up period, sleep delay, Sleep efficiency, sleep stage (for example, deep sleep and REM), and/or itsIts calculation of correlation of sleeping. User can specify required time of fire alarming or time window (for example, set alarm at 7 in the morning and on8 of noons sound). These a little embodiment can determine that Best Times in window annunciator is to call out with one or many person in sleep toleranceUser wakes up. In one embodiment, in the time that vibration alarm is movable, user can by bouncing or touching, by device, (it is warp for exampleBy device in motion sensor, pressure/power sensor and/or capacitive touch sensor and detect) and cause its retirement orTurn off. In one embodiment, device can by specific user's sleep stage place or the time before alarm settings openBeginning small vibration and the best time of attempting in sleep cycle are waken user. It can be along with user be towards awakening or towards warningSet progress and increase gradually intensity or the explicitly of vibration. (see, for example, Fig. 8).
Fig. 8 illustrated example portable biometric measures the functional of monitoring arrangement intelligent alarm feature. Biometric monitoring arrangementCan detect and can detect user's sleep stage or the state (device of (for example, shallow or deep sleep) or can be logical with described deviceLetter. User can set its time window that hope is waken up (for example, the morning, 6:15 was to 6:45 in the morning). Intelligent alarm can be by usingFamily enters sleeping state and triggers during window annunciator.
Biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to allow user to select or create the warning vibration mode of its selection. User canCan " doze off " or delayed alarm event. In one embodiment, user can set for " dozing off " featureRetardation: described delay is to report to the police the time quantum before again sounding. It also may can set every alarm cycle canThe doze off number of times of feature of activation. For instance, user can select 5 minutes doze off to postpone and be that 3 maximum is dozed off continuouslyNumber. Therefore, it can be pressed and doze off 3 times to press at it while dozing off with delayed alarm presignal delay 5 minutes at every turn.In these a little embodiment, if user attempts pressing dozing off the 4th time, the function of dozing off can not turned off warning.
Some biometric monitoring arrangements can have about user's calendar and/or the information of scheduling. User's calendar information canDirectly keying in biometric monitoring arrangement or its can for example, download from different device (smart phone). This Information Availability is with automaticallyGround is set and is reported to the police or warning characteristic. For instance, if user in the morning 9 to have a meeting, so biometric monitor dressPut can be automatically the morning 7:30 wake user up to allow user to have enough time to prepare and/or arrive meeting. BiometricThe current location that monitoring arrangement can be based on user, the position of meeting and the current location from user arrive the position of meeting and will spendThe time quantum of expense is determined the time quantum that user's preliminary conference is required. Or, can use about user arrive conference location and/ or (for example, it is waken up in the morning, has a shower, has breakfast etc. and spends get redy to start off time of going to meeting to spendTime) historical data determine when and wake user up. Similar functions can be used for being different from the calendar event of meeting, for exampleEating time, the length of one's sleep, nap time and exercise time.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can be determined report by the information of wanting about user when to fall asleepWhen police should sound to wake up user. This information can be supplemented calendar information as herein described. User can there is it every night orThe target of the desirable hourage of roughly sleeping weekly. Biometric monitoring arrangement can by morning alarm settings in appropriate timeSo that user meets these sleep targets. Except user is measuring the desirable length of one's sleep every night, user also can setOther sleep target can be including but not limited to the deep sleep of user's experience in the time sleeping, REM sleep and hypohyphnotic amount, instituteThere are these when to set in the morning warning in order to determine by biometric monitoring arrangement. In addition, can be night prompting userWhen it should go to bed to meet its sleep target. In addition, can at reminding user in the daytime, when it should take a nap to meet itSleep target. Its time that should take a nap of reminding user can be by optimizing user during nap, follow-up nap or nighttime sleepSleep quality because of usually determine. For instance, if user takes a nap in the morning, user may have at night soThe rigid time of falling asleep. Also can advise user eat some food or beverage avoid some food or beverage to optimize its sleepQuality. For instance, may not encourage user to drink in the time approaching its bedtime, because alcohol may reduce its sleepQuality. Also can advise that user carries out some activity or avoids some activity to optimize its sleep quality. For instance, mayEncourage user to perform physical exercise to improve its sleep quality in the afternoon. May not encourage user to carry out in the time approaching its bedtimeTake exercise or see that TV is to improve its sleep quality.
User interface with servicing unit
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement data and/or order can be transmitted into auxiliary electronic device and/orReceive data and/or order from auxiliary electronic device. Auxiliary electronic device can be directly or indirectly and biometric monitoring arrangementCommunication. Direct communication in this article refers to data and between first device and servicing unit, launches and fill without any centrePut. For instance, two devices can for example, for example, communicate with one another via wireless connections (bluetooth) or wired connection (USB).Indirect communication refer to data between first device and servicing unit by means of one or more centres the 3rd device (its relayingDescribed data) transmitting. The 3rd device can for example, including but not limited to wireless repeater (, WiFi transponder), calculation element,For example smart phone, laptop computer, desktop or tablet PC, mobile phone tower, computer server and other connectionThe electronic device of net. For instance, biometric device can send to smart phone by data, described smart phone viaCellular network data connection forwards said data to the server to described cellular network via Internet connection.
In certain embodiments, serving as the servicing unit of the user interface of biometric monitoring arrangement can be by smart phone groupBecome. Application program on smart phone can promote and/or make smart phone can serve as the use of biometric monitoring arrangementFamily interface. Biometric monitoring arrangement can be in real time or in the situation that thering are some delays by biometric and other dataSend to smart phone. Smart phone can send to one or more order in real time or in the situation that having some delaysBiometric monitoring arrangement is for example to indicate it that biometric and other data are sent to smart phone. For instance, asFruit user enters and follows the tracks of the pattern of running in application program, and smart phone can send to biometric device by order soTo indicate it to send in real time data. Therefore, user can lingeringly follow the tracks of without any in the time that it advances in its application programIts running.
This type of smart phone can have one or more application programs so that must user can inspect from its biometric deviceData. Described application program can be opened to acquiescently " instrument board " page in the time that user starts or opens described application programFace. On this page, can show for example total step number, the number of floor levels of climbing, the mileage of advancing, burning calory count, disappearThe summary of the data amount such as calory count and the water of consumption of consumption. Also can show other coherence messages, for example application program fromBiometric monitoring arrangement receive the final time of data, about the tolerance of the sleep at last night (for example, user when fall asleep,Wake up and the length of one's sleep), and user can take food how many calories and (for example, realize to maintain its calorie of target on the same dayThe calorie deficit target of fat-reducing). User can select by these and other tolerance in which be illustrated in instrument board screenOn. User can see these and other tolerance a few days ago on instrument board. It can be by pressing on touch-screenButton or icon and accessing a few days ago. Or, for example, the posture such as stir to the left or to the right and can make user to work as by guide to visitorsBefore and previously measured.
Smart phone application program also can have another page that the summary of User Activity is provided. Activity can be including but not limited toWalking, running, by bike, cook, be seated, work, swim, go on business, weight lifting, on and off duty and Yoga. Live with theseMoving relevant tolerance can be presented on this page. For instance, bar chart can show that user walks in the different piece on the same dayStep number (for example, having walked how many steps for every 5 minutes or every 1 hour). In another example, can show that user is carrying out certainThe time quantum of one movable upper cost and at this moment between burnt how many calories in the cycle. Be similar to the instrument board page, applicationProgram can provide guide to visitors functional these and other tolerance to allow user to check days past. Also can select example by userAs hour, minute, week, month or year etc. At All Other Times the cycle can inspect in shorter or larger time span itMovable tendency and tolerance.
Smart phone application program also can have in order to user has been eaten to the interface of maybe food of eating being charged to daily record. This interfaceCan there is keyword search feature and wish to key in the food in its daily record to allow user to find out fast it. As search foodReplacement scheme or in addition, user can find out the food that will charge to daily record by guide to visitors menu or a series of menuThing. For instance, user can select following serial classification: breakfast/cereal/health/oatmeal is charged to day to arrive its hopeThe food (for example, the oatmeal of apple taste) of will. Any one place in these menus, user can carry out keyWord search. For instance, user can select classification " breakfast " to search for afterwards " oatmeal " with at breakfast foodSearch key " oatmeal " in classification. Selecting after hope charged to the food of daily record by it, user can repairChange or key in component size and nutrient content. After at least one food being charged to daily record, application program can be a certainTime cycle (for example, sky) shows the summary of food and the nutrient content of described food (the indivedual and whole Ka Lu that charge to daily recordIn content, vitamin content, sugared content, etc.).
Smart phone application program also can have tolerance (for example, user's body weight, the body fat showing about user's bodyPercentage, BMI, and waistline size) the page. It can show show these tolerance in one or more sometimeOne or more curve of for example, trend in the cycle (, two weeks). User can select the value of this time cycle and inspect elder generationThe front time cycle (for example, last month).
Smart phone application program also can have the page that allows user to key in user and consumed how much water. Whenever user drinksWhen some water, it can for example, key in described amount by the unit of its selection (, ounce, cup, etc.). Application program can show useThe total amount of all water of daily record for example, has been charged at family within the cycle (, one day) sometime. Application program can allow user to look intoSee and previously charge to the water entry of daily record and a few days ago and the daily amount on the same day.
Smart phone application program also can have the online friend's who shows user the page. This " friend " page can make to useNew friend (for example,, by searching for its name or passing through its e-mail address) can be added or ask in family. This page also canShow user and friend's thereof ranking list (leaderboard). User and friend thereof can carry out rank based on one or more tolerance.For instance, the total step number that user and friend thereof can be used over seven days carries out rank.
Smart phone application program also can have the page of displaying about the tolerance of the sleep at user's eve and/or former nights. ThisThe page also can make the user can be by specifying it when to go to bed and when wake up and pass by the note of when sleepingEnter daily record. User also can about the subjectivity tolerance of its sleep (for example, bad night's rest, good night's rest,Fabulous night's rest, etc.). User can the today of inspecting over or these tolerance of time cycle (for example, two weeks).For instance, the sleep page can be given tacit consent to the bar chart of showing that user measured in the length of one's sleep at each night of nearest two weeks. UserAlso can inspect user at the bar chart of measuring the length of one's sleep at each night in January recently.
User also can access via alternative or additional interface the complete ability of smart phone application program as herein described(for example, can key in food daily record, viewing instrument dash board, etc.). In one embodiment, this alternative interfaces can be by webpageComposition, described webpage by with the trust server of biometric monitoring arrangement indirect communication. Described webpage can via any because ofSpecial net connecting device uses for example web browser supervisor access.
Wireless connectivity and data transmission
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can comprise in order to from internet and/or other device transmittingAnd the radio communication member of the information of reception. Radio communication can be by for example bluetooth, ANT, WLAN, power line networking and handOne or more interface composition such as machine network. These are provided as example, and should not be construed as other existing wireless communications side of eliminatingWireless communication technology or the agreement of method or agreement or not yet invention.
Wireless connections can be two-way. Biometric monitoring arrangement can be by its data transmission, pass on and/or be pushed to other dressPut, for example smart phone, computer, wait and/or internet, the such as webserver etc. Biometric monitoring arrangement alsoCan receive, ask and/or pull (pull) data from other device and/or internet.
Biometric monitoring arrangement can serve as and will be provided to each other or be provided to internet for the communication of other deviceDevice continues. For instance, biometric monitoring arrangement can be connected to internet and be equipped with ANT wireless via WLANElectricity. ANT device can be communicated by letter with the WLAN via biometric monitoring arrangement its data with biometric monitoring arrangementBe transmitted into internet (and vice versa). As another example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be equipped with bluetooth. If toolHave the smart phone of Bluetooth function to enter in the scope of biometric monitoring arrangement, biometric monitoring arrangement can be via soThe cell phone network of smart phone receives data transmission data to Huo Cong internet, internet. From the data of another device alsoCan be transmitted into biometric monitoring arrangement storage (or vice versa) or in the transmitting of time after a while.
The embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention also can comprise for stream transmission or transmit network content forWhat on biometric monitoring arrangement, show is functional. Below the representative instance of content for this reason:
1. by measurement device but the heart rate of remote storage and/or the history curve of other data
2. by the User Activity of other measurement device and/or remote storage (for example,, for example, at the website place as fitbit.com)And/or the food that consumes and/or sleep data history curve
3. the history curve of other usertracking data of remote storage. Example comprises heart rate, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, bloodSugar level, cholesterol, the duration of seeing TV, the duration of playing video game, mood, etc.
4. in the heart rate based on user, current body weight, weight targets, food intake, activity, sleep and other dataOne or many person's training and/or the data of going on a diet.
5. make progress towards the user of heart rate, body weight, activity, sleep and/or other target.
6. summary statistics, figure, badge and/or the tolerance (for example, " grade ") of aforementioned data are described
User's aforementioned data and there is similar device and/or the class likelihood data of its " friend " of tracking betweenRelatively
8. social content, for example, push away that spy (Twitter) is fed to, instant message and/or face book (Facebook) upgrade
9. other online content, for example newspaper article, constellation, weather report, RSS are fed to, comic strip (comic),Crossword puzzle, classified advertisement, stock report, and website
10. email message and calendar plan table
Can deliver the content to biometric monitoring arrangement according to different contexts. For instance, in the morning, can be together with useThe sleep data in family eve show news and weather report. At night, can show general introduction every day of day's activities.
As the various embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement disclosed herein also can comprise can in order to initial other device inFunctional NFC, RFID or other short-distance wireless communication circuit. For instance, biometric monitoring arrangement can be joinedHave NFC antenna so that proper user while making itself and mobile phone close proximity, application program is automatically in described movementOn phone, start.
Provide these examples for illustrate and do not wish restriction can by device transmitting, receive or the scope of the data that show orAny intermediate treatment that can occur in this transmission and during showing. In view of the present invention/application program, the technology people in affiliated fieldMember can imagine many other examples of the data that can transmit as a stream or transmit via biometric monitoring arrangement.
Charging and data transmission
Some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement can come for the charging of inner rechargeable battery by wired connection and/orTransfer data to the such as host apparatus such as laptop computer or mobile phone. Being similar in the present invention the reality of early discussingExecute in an embodiment of example, biometric monitoring arrangement can use magnet to help user by biometric monitoring arrangement pairAccurate to base or cable. The magnetic field of magnet in base or cable and install magnet in self can have strategy ground directed so thatForce biometric monitoring arrangement and base or cable (or more particularly, the connector on cable) autoregistration, and provideBiometric monitoring arrangement is remained in base or remain to the power of cable. Magnet also can be used as sending out for charging or dataPenetrate the conductive junction point of object. In another embodiment, permanent magnet can be only for base or cable side and be not used in biometricMonitoring arrangement self. This can improve biometric monitoring arrangement in the situation that biometric monitoring arrangement uses magnetometerPerformance. If there is magnet in biometric monitoring arrangement, near the high-intensity magnetic field of so permanent magnet may make significantlyThe more difficult magnetic field that makes the magnetometer Measurement accuracy earth. In these a little embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can utilize ferrous ironMaterial replaces magnet, and magnet in base or cable side can be attached to ferrous iron material.
In another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can contain one or more electricity in biometric monitoring arrangement main bodyMagnet. For charging and charger or the base of data transmission also can contain electromagnet and/or permanent magnet. Biometric monitorsDevice is only when it just can connect its electromagnet during close to charger or base. Biometric monitoring arrangement can be by using magneticPower meter is searched the magnetic field of the permanent magnet in charger or base and is signed and the degree of approach of detection and base or charger. Or,Biometric monitoring arrangement can be by measuring the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from the wireless signal of charger or baseOr the NFC being associated with described charger or base by identification in certain embodiments or RFID mark detect and fillThe degree of approach of electrical equipment. When device do not need charging, synchronous or but its while having completed synchronous or charging, can put upside down electromagnet,Thereby produce the power of repelling described device from charge cable or base. In certain embodiments, charger or base can compriseElectromagnet, and can be configured (for example, the processor in charger or base can be configured via programmed instruction) to connectConnecing biometric monitoring arrangement connects electromagnet when charging (electromagnet can keep connecting to make to be placed on charging conventionallyBiometric monitoring arrangement on device is attracted against charger because of electromagnet, or electromagnet can keep turning off until chargeDevice is definite to be placed on biometric monitoring arrangement on charger, for example, via completing charging circuit, picking out biometerNFC mark in amount monitoring arrangement etc., and then connect to attract biometric monitoring arrangement against charger. FillingElectricity completes that (or data transmission completes, and transmits charger/data transmission of bracket or combination if charger is actually dataBracket) afterwards, can at once turn off electromagnet (temporarily or until again detect biometric monitoring arrangement is placed onOn charger), and biometric monitoring arrangement can stop being attracted against charger. In these a little embodiment, may needInterface between directed biometric monitoring arrangement and charger, makes in the situation that does not have the magnetic force being produced by electromagnetUnder, biometric monitoring arrangement will drop or otherwise be displaced to visibly different position from charge position from charger(visually to indicate charging or data transmission to complete to user).
Sensor during data transmit uses
In some embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can comprise and can have different pieces of information emission rate and different meritThe communication interface of switching between two or more agreements of rate wear rate. This switching can be by monitoring dress from biometricThe data-driven that the various sensors of putting obtain. For instance, if use bluetooth, communication interface can be in response to base soThat makes in the data of the sensor from biometric monitoring arrangement determines and is using bluetooth basic rate/enhancing dataBetween speed (BR/EDR) and bluetooth low-yield (BLE) agreement, switch. For instance, when from biometric monitoring arrangementIn the sensing data instruction wearer of accelerometer sleeping or otherwise when sitting, can use lower-wattage,Slow BLE agreement. By contrast, when the sensing data instruction of the accelerometer from biometric monitoring arrangement is wornWhen Dai Zhezheng gets around, can use higher-wattage, BR/EDR agreement faster. This self-adapting data lift-off technology andFunctionally be discussed further in the 61/948th of on March 5th, 2014 application, in No. 468 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases,Described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case previously in " to the cross reference of related application " part by reference alsoThe content that enters herein and again hereby point out about the self-adapting data transfer rate place in biometric monitoring arrangementAnd be incorporated to by reference.
These a little communication interfaces also can be served as the sensor for a kind of form of biometric monitoring arrangement. For instance, nothingLine communication interface can allow biometric monitoring arrangement to determine number and the class of the device in the scope of wireless communication interfaceType. These data can be in order to determine that biometric monitoring arrangement is whether in specific context, for example, indoor, at automobileIn, etc., and determine and change in every way its behavior in response to this. For instance, as the 61/948th, No. 468 U.S.sIn state's temporary patent application case (being above incorporated to by reference), discuss, these a little contexts can be in order to drive for nothingThe selection of the particular wireless communication protocols of line communication.
Configurable function of application
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement of the present invention can comprise wrist-watch sample form factor and/or bracelet, armDecorations or ankletbangle form factor, and " application program " that the particular functionality of providing is provided and/or shows customizing messages able to programme. CanIn several ways (including but not limited to pressing button, use capacitive touch sensor, carrying out and detected by accelerometerPosture, move to by the ad-hoc location of GPS or motion sensor senses or region, compression biological metering monitoring arrangement main body(pressure signal that can be detected by the altimeter of biometric monitoring arrangement inside in the inner generation of device thus), or by biologyMetering monitoring arrangement place close to an application program or one group of NFC mark that application program is associated) start orClose application program. Also can be by some environment or physiological condition (including but not limited to high heart rate being detected, using humidity to passSensor detects water (for example to start swimming application program), when Time of Day, (starting as in the night sleep tracking with example should for certainWith program, plane leave or the change of the pressure that lands and kinetic characteristic to start and to close " aircraft " model application program)Automatically trigger startup or close application program. Also can start or close application journey by meet multiple conditions simultaneouslyOrder. For instance, if accelerometer detects that user is just running and user presses button, biometric monitors dress soPut and can start pedometer application program, altimeter data collection application and/or display. Accelerometer detects thereinPress in another situation of same button to swimming and user, it can start swimming one way counting application program.
In certain embodiments, biometric monitoring arrangement can have can swim that application program starts by starting tripSwimming tracing mode. In this pattern, the motion sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement and/or magnetometer can in order to detect stroke,Classification stroke type, detection swimming one way, and other calculation of correlation, for example paddling efficiency, one-way time, speed, distanceFrom and calorie burning. Change and can turn round method in order to detect multiple one way by magnetometer indicated direction. In preferred enforcementIn example, can be in order to detect paddling from the data of motion sensor and/or pressure sensor.
In another embodiment, can be by biometric monitoring arrangement being moved to such an extent that be approachingly positioned on bicycle, be positioned at voluntarilyOn the bearing of car or in the position being associated with bicycle (including but not limited to cycle frame or bicycle storing facility)NFC or RFID mark and start application program by bike. (see, for example, Figure 10). The application program starting can makeWith with conventionally in order to determine including but not limited to the algorithm of the tolerance of the height above sea level of calorie, travel distance and the acquisition of burning notSame algorithm. Also can detect that wireless bicycle sensor is (including but not limited to wheel detector, GPS, step sensingDevice, or power meter) time start application program. Biometric monitoring arrangement can then show and/or record from voluntarily wirelessThe data of car sensor or bicycle sensor.
Additional application including but not limited to able to programme or customizable watch face, stop watching, music player controller(for example, MP3 player, remote controller), text message and/or Email display or notifying device, navigation guide pin,Bicycle computer display when wheel detector or power meter (when communicating by letter with independent or integrated form GPS device), weight liftingTracker, sit-ups tracker, chin-up tracker, resistance exercise form/body-building tracker, the golf amplitude of oscillation are dividedParser, tennis (or other racket type games) amplitude of oscillation/service analyser, tennis game amplitude of oscillation detector, the baseball amplitude of oscillation are analyzedDevice, delivery analyzer (for example, football, baseball), in a organized way physical activity intensity tracker (for example, football, baseball,Basketball, tennis, rugby), throw dish analyzer, sting food detector, typewriting analyzer, inclination sensor, sleep matterAmount tracker, alarm clock, pressure gauge, anxiety/loosen biofeedback game (for example,, potentially in conjunction with the sense of hearing being provided and/or lookingFeel the mobile phone of clue to train user to breathe in relaxation training), the tracker of brushing teeth, feed speed tracker (for example,Counting or follow the tracks of utensil and enter the mouth to carry out speed and the duration of taking in kind), drive the drunk or adaptability of motor vehicleIndicator (for example, via heart rate, changes in heart rate, skin electroresponse, gait analysis, riddle, etc.), irritated trackingDevice (for example, uses skin electroresponse, heart rate, skin temperature, pollen sensing etc. (may be in conjunction with from for example internetThe seasonal anaphylactogen in outside follow the tracks of and may determine the response of the anaphylactogen (for example, pollen) of user to particular form, andThe existence of these a little anaphylactogens of reminding user, for example, from seasonal information, pollen track database, or biometric monitors dressHome environment sensor in putting or that used by user), fever tracker (for example, measure fever, flu or other diseaseSick risk, outbreak or progress, may provide in conjunction with Seasonal Data, disease database, customer location and/or userFeedback is assessed the diffusion of specified disease (for example, influenza) about user, and may point out or suggestion work as responseOr movable restraining), electronic game, caffeine affect tracker and (for example, monitor for example heart rate, changes in heart rate, skinElectroresponse, skin temperature, blood pressure, anxiety, sleep and/or to coffee, tea, energy drink and/or other is containing coffeeActivity in the absorption of the beverage of cause or the short-term of restraining or long-term response), drug influence tracker (for example, is similar to elder generationBefore the caffeine tracker mentioned but intervene about other, whether it is medical treatment or lifestyle drug, for example alcohol, cigaretteGrass etc.), endurance exercise training (for example, recommend or point out the overview of intensity, duration or running/by bike/swimming body-building,Or restraining or the delay of suggestion body-building, the target of specifying according to user, for example marathon, iron-man triathlon or utilization are from exampleFor example, as historical exercise activity (, running distance, stride), heart rate, changes in heart rate, health/disease/anxiety/fever stateThe target of data customization), body weight and/or health composition, blood sugar, food intake or calorie balance tracker (for example,To user notification, it can consume how many calorie to maintain or to realize certain body weight), pedometer, and fingernail biting detector. OneIn a little situations, application program can only depend on processing power of the present invention and sensor. In other cases, application programCan merge or only show from an external device (ED) or one group of external device (ED) and (follow including but not limited to heart rate bandage, GPS distanceTrack device, body composing meter (bodycompositionscale), blood pressure monitor, blood glucose monitor, wrist-watch, intelligent watch,The such as mobile communications device such as smart phone or tablet PC, or server) information.
In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be controlled the music player on servicing unit. Controllable soundThe aspect of happy player is including but not limited to selection, the F.F. of volume, song and/or playlist or retreat (skippingForwardorbackward), the fasting forward or the speed of rewinding, song of song, and music player balanced device. CanInput or automatically control music player based on physiology, environment or context data via user. For instance, userCan select song select and play on its smart phone by the user interface via on biometric monitoring arrangementSong. In another example, the activity level that biometric monitoring arrangement can be based on user is (from biometric monitoring arrangementSensing data calculates described activity level) automatically select suitable song. This can be in order to help exciting user to maintain a certain workMoving level. For instance, if user continues run and want its heart rate to remain in a certain scope biometer soAmount monitoring arrangement can be play song cheerful and light-hearted or fair speed (if user's heart rate is lower than its target zone).
The automatic function of the activity-triggered by user
Sleep stage Trigger Function
Can monitor sleep stage via various biometric signals disclosed herein and method, for example heart rate, changes in heart rate,Body temperature, body kinematics, ambient light intensity, ambient noise level etc. Can use optical pickocff, motion sensor (to accelerateDegree meter, gyro sensor, etc.), other sensor of discussing herein of microphone and thermometer and (for example) measuresThese a little biometrics.
Biometric monitoring arrangement also can have communication module, including but not limited to Wi-Fi (802.xx), bluetooth (classical,Low-power) or NFC. Once estimate sleep stage, sleep stage can be transmitted into wireless mode and be connected to and haveCloud system, home server or the main control unit of the electrical equipment (by Wi-Fi, bluetooth or NFC) of communication function.Or, biometric monitoring arrangement can with the electrical equipment direct communication with communication function. This has communication function a bitElectrical equipment can comprise for example kitchen electrical equipment, such as micro-wave oven, coffee grinder/maker, baking box etc.
Once sleep stage is indicated the time of waking up close to user, biometric monitoring arrangement just can send and trigger item to usingThe electrical equipment of answering automatic operation has been indicated at family. For instance, can cause coffee grinder and maker to start to make coffee,And can make baking box start to heat bread. Also can cause micro-wave oven to start to cook oatmeal or egg, and electric kettle start to burnWater. As long as prepare rightly each several part, this automatic signal can trigger breakfast cooking.
Remind and detect
Can make to remind (for example low prompting) drowsy relevant to people, described in also can detecting from listed above biometric, carryWake up, and described prompting can start automatically to infuse coffee in order to trigger the electrical equipments such as such as coffee maker.
Aquation
Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement combining movement horizon tracker can directly be submitted to cloud by user's activity levelSystem, home server, main control unit or electrical equipment. This can trigger some actions of electrical equipment, especially with waterRelevant action for cooperation, the ice cube that for example starts refrigerator is made, or reduces the operating temperature of water purifier.
Power is saved
Many electrical equipments conventionally leave unused and operate with the low-power power of consumed power. User's biometric signalAggregation information, can cause the electrical equipment with communication function to enter ultra low power pattern. For instance, sleeping userOr while going out work, but water dispenser self in family is closed to ultra low power pattern, once and prospective users work at homeMoving, just can begin to cool down/heating water.
Position-based and movable restaurant commending system
The polymerization of biometric signal and positional information in real time can be in order to produce about one or more users in preset timeThe valid supposition (for example ion beverage) of needs. Combine this supposition need to about User Activity level, activityType, activity time and movable duration and user charge to the historical user data of the food intake data of daily record, intelligenceApplication program on energy phone and/or intelligent watch can recommend to meet user's life style and the restaurant of current needs.
For instance, the user who has just completed six miles of touring races can start this application program. Application program can be known this person and existIn past one hour, maintain high activity level, and thereby determine that described people may dewater. From historical user data, application journeyOrder also can be known has too much vegetables in for example user's meals but sugar is low. By considering user's current location, price modelEnclose and the optimized algorithm of other factors referred to above, application program can recommend for example to provide the meal of Sorbet (smoothie)Shop.
Swimming is followed the tracks of
In some embodiment of biometric tracking means, biometric is followed the tracks of can comprise swimming algorithm, and it can be used toFor example, from one or more motion sensor, height above sea level sensor (, barometric pressure sensor), orientation sensor (for example,Magnetometer), the data of location-based service sensor (for example, GPS, radio triangulation) and/or temperature sensor. Described biographySensor can embed in the single assembly that is installed to for example wrist. In other embodiments, additional sensors device can be attached toSwimmer's forehead, rear portion, goggles, the back of the body, hip, shoulder, thigh, leg and/or the pin of head.
Three potential function components that swimming exercise is analyzed are as follows:
● paddling count detection---the paddling counting of every one way is provided, and wherein one way is defined as from the one end in pond to end oppositeUnidirectional passing through.
● paddling classification of type---describe user stroke type (for example, crawl, breaststroke, backstroke, butterfly stroke, breathing arm,Tread (kickingwithoutstroke), straight draw (bodystreamline), etc.), and can be in following person any one orCombination:
The classification of each paddling that a. user adopts
The classification of the main paddling type that b. each complete one way is used.
C. the paddling class that each mark one way (breaststrokes of for example freestyle swimming of 1/2nd one way, 1/2nd one way) is usedThe classification of type
● one way counting---the one way that user is passed is counted. A method determining one way is by detecting userWhen in pond, turn round.
Turn round the 180 degree changes that are defined as direction of advance. Detecting while turning round, the beginning of deducibility one way and end.Some place before again starting swimming in pond (conventionally at one end or other place) suspends (nothing within the cycle sometimeMotion) also think to turn round, as long as direction of advance is subsequently contrary with the direction of advance before suspending.
In certain embodiments, can numerous modes combine these function components.
Algorithm structure
Can be successively, parallel or carry out to mix order (combinations of some sequential block and some parallel frames) that swimming exercise analyzesDescribed three function components.
Sequential grammar (seeing Figure 15 A)
In one embodiment, can first analyze original and/or pretreated sensor letter by paddling detector algorithmNumber. Paddling detector algorithm can be used for example, time peak value in motion sensor (, accelerometer, gyroscope), and (partLarge value and/or local minimum) as the instruction of taking paddling. Then, also can apply one or more heuristic rules withRemove the peak value that does not represent paddling. For instance, time gap, the peak value of the value of peak value, two contiguous peak values arriveThe morphological character (for example, definition) of peak amplitude and/or peak value can indicate some peak value not represent paddling. Work as sensorFor example, when data (3 axis accelerometers, or 3 axis movement sensors+altimeter (amounting to 4 axis data)) more than one dimension are provided,Can consider that whether the sequential of the peak value on all axles and sizes related to determine peak value on one or many person in described axle areProduced by paddling.
Represent the single peak value of paddling or from a group peak value of multiple data axles that represents paddling, so can if observedFrom first previous peaks being detected and the data segments extraction feature obtaining when the time between previous peaks being detected. Feature comprisesBut be not limited to the ripple number in maximum and minimum of a value, section, power (for example, the L1 power of measuring in various toleranceAnd L2 power, standard deviation, average), etc. The feature of extracting can then stand machine learning system, wherein off-lineComputing system coefficient (supervised learning) or in the time that user uses biometric monitoring arrangement adaption systems coefficient (unsupervised learning).The paddling that machine learning system can then detect for each returns to paddling classification.
Turn round detector algorithm can by calculate derivative, rolling average and/or use to sensor (described sensor comprise butBe not limited to those sensors listed in the present invention) the high-pass filtering of signal carry out the flip-flop in searching moving. Also can and/ or alternatively signal is carried out to fundamental component analysis (PCA). If a fundamental component is different from the next one, so can be trueSurely turn round generation. The coefficient all or in part of the conversion such as such as FFT (FFT) also can be used as feature. Also canUse for example oneself to return the parameter models such as (AR) model. Can then use linear prediction analysis (LPA), lowest mean square filterRipple (LMS), recursive least-squares filtering (RLS) and/or Kalman Filter Estimation time-varying model parameter. Then relatively estimateModel parameter to determine whether there is flip-flop in its value.
In one embodiment, swimmer's skill level and/or swimming pattern (for example, speed) can add from sensing dataTo infer, and be then used in and turn round detection. For instance, senior swimmer conventionally to have stronger paddling (, largeAccelerometer peak value value), and adopt less paddling to complete one way one time. Therefore, estimate swimmer skill level orThe tolerance of characteristic can be used for turning round detection algorithm. These tolerance can be including but not limited to mean motion signal in motor messageOr integrated motor message, in particular, senior swimmer's arm moves, estimates pace and detecting pattern. Also can be throughInputted skill level or other characteristic of determining swimmer by user. For instance, user can input its for senior, inLevel or beginner swimmer.
From of these analyses, perhaps many (combination) feature can be in order to detect data-oriented sample and/or adjacent data sampleWhether this has the characteristic of turning round. For obtaining the best of breed of feature and decision boundary, can utilize machine learning techniques, exampleAs logistic regression, decision tree, nerve net, etc.
In certain embodiments, if detect and turn round, the data of swimming so increase naturally from summarizing previously having turned round,The number of for example paddling, for each paddling and for paddling type, the split time of one way, etc. If do not detectedTurn round so renewable paddling counter and type. Unless user stops swimming, otherwise algorithm can be got back to the inspection of paddling countingSurvey.
Parallel method (seeing Figure 15 B)
In parallel method, can carry out concurrently some or all in three functional units. For instance, can be jointlyCarry out paddling type detection and turn round detection, and moving independently paddling count detection.
In these a little embodiment, can detect at the same time paddling type and the single algorithm turned round in implement two functional units:Paddling type and turn round detection. For instance, stroke type (for example, detects moving of freestyle swimming, breaststroke, backstroke, butterfly strokeMoving analysis) and turn round dividing of type (for example, flip turn (tumbleturn), flip crawl turn (flipturn), two hands touching)Class device can return to detected paddling type or the detected type of turning round. Between detection period, can extraction time andSpectrum signature. First moving window can be applied to multiple data axles. Can then calculate the statistic of this window section, that is,The number of the ripple in maximum and minimum of a value, section, power (for example, L1 power and the L2 measuring in various tolerancePower, standard deviation, average). Can apply equally independent component analysis (ICA) and/or fundamental component analysis (PCA) withFind to represent to turn round better any hiding signal of type and paddling type characteristic. Can follow from then on (improving potentially)Signal indication feature computing time. For temporal characteristics, can apply various nonparametric filters solutions, LPF, band logicalFiltering, high-pass filtering strengthen desired signal characteristic.
Also the spectrum analyses such as such as FFT, wavelet transformation, Hilbert (Hilbert) conversion can be applied to this through the district of windowingSection. Conversion coefficient may be selected to be feature all or in part. Can use for example AR, rolling average (MA) or ARMA (certainlyI return and rolling average) parameter model of model, and can via auto-correlation and/or partial auto correlation or LPA, LMS,RLS or Kalman filter are found the parameter of this class model. The all or part of feature that can be used as of estimated coefficient.
The rolling average window of different length can parallel running, and listed above feature is provided, and also can be by described featureAll or part of as feature.
Can then machine acquistion coefficient (supervised learning) be applied to these features of extracting. Can train and then use one orMultiple machine learning techniques, i.e. multiple layers (for example, logistic regression) of binomial linear discriminant analysis, multinomial logic are returnedReturn, nerve net, decision tree/forest or SVMs.
Along with paid close attention to window moves, can extract feature, and the feature of these new extractions will be returned to via machine learning systemPaddling type or turning round of detecting.
Paddling detector algorithm can be independent of paddling type and turn round and detect and parallel running. Can detect by heuristic rulesAnd select original or through the time of pre-filtering sensor signal peak value.
At summary stage of algorithm (in the described stage, can determine, show and/or store the tolerance about swimming), can be byAfter-treatment applications is in described sequence paddling type and turn round detection. If confirm to turn round with a certain confidence level, so can be together withDetected paddling counting is summarized from the swimming metric data of previously having turned round. Turn round if unconfirmed, so mobile flatAll window can be proceeded. Until user stops swimming, algorithm can continue to upgrade the swimming tolerance about user's exercise, bagContain but average paddling number, last list of the sum that is not limited to turn round, the sum of one way, the sum of paddling, every one wayPaddling number in journey, the change of every one way paddling number, etc.
Mixed method (seeing Figure 15 C and 15D)
In mixed method, can move concurrently paddling type and paddling count detection, be to turn round detection subsequently.
Paddling type detection can be returned to via the coefficient of machine learning paddling type. The sensor that the first moving window is desirableThe fragment of signal. Can extract subsequently feature, or herein cited moving window feature whole feature orSubset. The off-line of machine learning coefficient, training can be applied to subsequently to described feature passes to determine which paddling type producesThe given fragment of sensor signal.
Paddling count detection can side by side be moved together with paddling type detection.
Once paddling type and counting be detected, can carry out and turn round inspection by the subset of cited whole feature or featureSurvey.
If detect and turn round, the swimming that completing of a circle can be recorded in so to user is summed up in tolerance. Can be by rear processBe applied to the most outstanding paddling type of the circle that the paddling type that detects completed to determine. Algorithm is movable to and draws subsequentlyMoving type and count detection stage, unless user stops swimming. If do not detect and turn round, so described algorithm can continueUpgrade paddling type and the counting of current circle, until detect and turn round.
Blood sugar level and heart rate
The biometric monitoring arrangement of measuring continuously biometric signal can provide about situation before the disease of disease, progress withAnd the meaningful information of recovering. These a little biometric monitoring arrangements can have sensor and correspondingly executing arithmetic with measure alsoCalculate biometric signal, for example heart rate, heart rate variability, the step number of carrying out, the calorie burning, institute advanceDistance, body weight and body fat, activity intensity, movable duration and frequency etc. Except measured biometricOutside signal, can use customer-furnished food intake record.
In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement Observable heart rate and the change along with the time thereof, especially at foodBefore absorption event and afterwards. Known heart rate is affected by blood sugar level, and well-known, hyperglycaemia level is glycosuriaSick situation in earlier stage. Therefore, can find out time (after food intake) and the blood sugar that description passes via statistical regressionThe Mathematical Modeling of the relation between level, wherein collects data to carry from normal condition, prediabetes and diabetic individualFor corresponding Mathematical Modeling. By described Mathematical Modeling, can predict there is specific heart individuality whether healthy,Prediabetes or suffer from diabetes.
The many heart failure that are associated with prediabetes or diabetic conditions are known, likely further based on userBiometric data inform the possible heart failure of these a little risks, for example coronary disease to the user of biometric monitoring arrangementDisease, cranial vascular disease and peripheral vascular disease etc.
The recommended exercise policy (policy for example, being provided by American Heart Association can also be provided in the time forming Mathematical Modeling(http：//www.heart.org/)) consider user's activity intensity, type, duration and frequency, using as controlling diseaseThe independent variable of " probability " of outbreak. Also can be used for science and for one about many policies of nutrition and Weight managementThe public is with angiocardiopathy preventing and diabetes. These a little policies can be incorporated into together with user data along with time integralIn Mathematical Modeling, composition and body weight and the body obesity trend of food that described user data for example consumes for user.
If user is storing and is showing that its kinsfolk is set as its friend by the social network sites of biometric data, thatAlso can analyze kinsfolk obtains the possibility of disease and informs result to user.
Except informing to user the latency development of disease, can by comprise exercise system and there is more healthy composition andThe life style of recommending of the menu of transmission method offers user.
The unification of grocery store's shopping, culinary art and food record
Grocery store's tissue and menu identification system
Receipt from grocery store's shopping can contain abundant information, especially about individual eating habit. For instance,Present herein by the information from grocery store's receipt and as the individual biometric of being collected by biometric monitoring arrangementThe innovative system that data combine. Described system can collect and analyze about individual data (information), and can be with pusherRecommend and can change individual life style to improve the option of their health status. The enforcement of this system can relate to cloud meterCalculate, develop and movement/Website development for the hardware platform of sensing and interface.
In one embodiment, in the time that user checks out in grocery store, can by grocery store's list (as from receipt or (for example) fromEmail receipt or invoice obtain) be automatically transmitted into remote data base (for example, Cloud Server), described remote data baseAlso can store user's biometric data. When user to family and they refrigerator and/or pantry in while organizing project,Application on their smart phone/wrist-watch can be based on about food item historical data and recommend to abandon pantry or iceWhich project (for example, maybe may go bad if food item is expired) in case. Instruction food is out of date or should be in short-termInternal consumption falls to avoid corrupt prompting can be independent of this type of interaction automatically to be sent to user. For instance, Mei DangyiWhile meeting a certain threshold value (for example, milk by expired two days in), just these promptings can be issued to user. Also can lead toCross except prompting being sent to user by the means smart phone/wrist-watch. For instance, can pass through network interface,By Email, by laptop computer, tablet PC, desktop PC, or with maintain and/or analyzeDescribed prompting is presented in prompting on any other electronic installation that the computer of food database is directly or indirectly communicated by letterUser.
By use food item through upgrading list and the historical food consumption data based on user, described application can be by dishSpectrum is recommended user. In one embodiment, can for example, to using project (, expired at it, the rotten or change that first eatBefore must be more stale than other composition) menu give priority. For recommend balance in nutrition, correctly distribute and according to useThe activity at family and the best menu decided, the still activity data of analysis user of described application. For instance, if usedFamily is weight lifting in the morning, can recommend so high-protein diet. In another example, if user is not very movable, thatCan reduce the caloric number that the size of menu contains to reduce final meals.
It should be noted that can be by these application of policies in sharing identical food and/or multiple users of meals. For instance, canFor one family creates the food database of combination, if make a member in family obtain egg and family from grocery storeIn another member obtain milk, so egg and milk both will in food database, represent. Similarly, nutrition is inclined to one sideGood (for example, vegetarian, to some food irritability etc.), movable, basal metabolic rate and total calorie of burning can be used for shapePrepare in pairs and/or buy the recommendation of what food/menu.
The finger of the precondition to disease can be provided including (but not limited to) the biometric signal of heart rate and heart rate variabilityShow. This Information Availability, in recommending user to buy, consume and/or preparing specific food products, is suffered from it and is had shape in advance to reduce itThe risk of the disease of condition. For instance, if user has the precondition of cardiac problems, it can recommend them to purchase soBuy more vegetables, consume less fat-containing food, and for example, with the method for the less oil of needs (, not deep-fried) systemStandby food.
Control " intelligent appliance "
In another embodiment, various household electrical appliances can all possess Wi-Fi function, and can with server communication. Due to application (itsCan for example, via () cloud or internet and be connected to described household electrical appliances) may know refrigerator and contain which food item, so described inApplication can be communicated by letter with refrigerator and be reduced or the temperature of rising refrigerator with based food project. For instance, if numerous food productProject is more responsive to cold, and for example vegetables so can instruction refrigerator rising temperature. Described application also can be also via bluetooth,BTLE or NFC and refrigerator direct communication.
Food record
Described application also can for example, based on grocery store do shopping list (its can () list for maintaining in described application) and instituteState the project of applying the food menu of recommending and provide the food that is recorded as user. Meals in culinary art are in advance (for example, freezingMeal) or in the case of before eating without any need for the agricultural product of further processing, user can input their food simplySize (or user in the situation that eating whole meals, user may not need to input food size) and will complete subsequently foodProduct record. Because grocery store's list or menu provide definite brand and the mark of some food, so can be by more accuratelyNutritional information is recorded in user's account.
When user record is just when the food item by cooking in accordance with the application menu of advising, described application can be from compositionAnd cooking process calculates nutritional information. This can provide than the simple tissue of end product/meals and more accurately calorie be taken inEstimation because there is to prepare the food of particular type in many menus, for example, can use beer, turkey, pork etc. comeMake the burger of pasta, and described burger can comprise carbohydrate in various degree.
Use the sports metering of sensor device to obtain
In certain embodiments, can be by installation of sensors on the rackets such as such as tennis racket, thus contribute to measure player'sDifferent paddlings. This,, applicable to great majority (if not all) racket motion, claps wall including (but not limited to) tennis, short netBall, squash, table tennis, shuttlecock, lacrosse etc., and as the motion of bat object for appreciation for baseball, softball, cricket etc.Also can measure by similar technology the different aspect of golf. Such device can be arranged on the bottom of racket, handleGo up or be conventionally arranged on the shock absorber on cord. This device can have various sensors, such as accelerometer,Gyroscope, magnetometer, strain transducer and/or microphone. Data from these sensors can be in this locality storage or wirelessBe transmitted into host computer system or other wireless receiver on smart phone.
In some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement, comprise accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, microphone etc.Wrist installing type biometric monitoring arrangement can carry out game to user or the similar analysis of motion. This biometric prisonView apparatus can take to be worn on wrist-watch in user's wrist or the form of other belt. Can use measure or detect bat orThe shock moment between racket and ball and by this data wireless be transmitted into the ball of wrist installing type biometric monitoring arrangementBat or bat installing type sensor can be used for improving the accurate of these a little algorithms by measuring exactly with the collision time of ballDegree.
Wrist and racket/bat installing type device can contribute to the different aspect of the game of measuring user, including (but not limited to)The number of paddling type (forehand, counterattack, service, tiltedly hit), forehand, the number of counterattack, ball direction of rotation, on revolve,Angular speed, recoil, the hit energy of service percentage, racket head, impact uniformity etc. Can use microphone or strainSensor is as the supplementary moment of identifying ball impact racket/bat of accelerometer. In cricket and baseball, such deviceCan measure recoil, the angular speed, offside to the number that impacts in leg side (baseball) of bat while clashing into. Can also measure pendulumMove and lose number and the number of defence to attack paddling of ball. Such device can also have wireless launcher with by this systemCount and be transmitted in real time scoreboard or be transmitted into the individual device of being held by spectators.
Wrist or racket installing type device can have a small amount of button (for example, two), and it can use to indicate net by playerThe error of non-being forced to property is won or when occurred to ball when. This will allow algorithm to calculate winner and non-to what strike back as forehandThe mark of the error of being forced to property. Described algorithm also can be followed the tracks of ace in the tennis number to double fault.If two players use this type systematic, so described system also can automatically be followed the tracks of score.
Based on the ECG of handle grip for bicycle bar
In some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement, can use the electrode that contacts with left hand and contact with the right handElectrode (for example, ECG heart rate measurement) monitors user's heart rate. Because need by bike user's contact handle bar that catchesEither side, so this specific activities is suitable for following the tracks of user's heart rate by ECG technology well. By by electrodeBe embedded in handlebar or handlebar handle or tape, in the time that user holds handlebar, just can measure user's heart rate. RightIn the bicycle (handlebar tape is contrary with using) with handle, electrode can be incorporated into and can be used for replacing existing handle (exampleAs, be generally the handle that nonconducting factory installs) special handle in. Left handle and right handle can be electrically connected to (for example)Measure the electronic device of ECG signal with electric wire. The in the situation that of handlebar self-conductive, handlebar can be used for byOne in handle is electrically connected to the electronic device of measuring ECG signal. The electronic device of measuring ECG signal can be incorporated intoIn one or both in handle. Or the electronic device of measuring ECG signal can be arranged in independent shell. OneIn individual embodiment, this independent shell can be arranged on handle grip for bicycle bar or handle. It can have typical bicycle and calculateThe function that facility have and sensor (for example, velocity sensor, step sensor, GPS sensor). It also can have non-Typical sensor, for example air velocity transducer, GSR sensor and acceierometer sensor (are also incorporated in one's hands potentiallyIn handle bar). This embodiment can carry out computational activity tolerance by technology described in the present invention, including (but not limited to) Ka LuIn burning, and these tolerance are transmitted into secondary and three stage arrangements (for example, smart phone and server).
The electrode of ECG can be incorporated in the part or annex of bicycle, instead of is incorporated into handle tape and handlebar handleIn, be for example incorporated into gloves, brake cover, brake lever, or in handlebar self. Can use these electrodes or extraElectrode is measured GSR, body fat and aquation using supplementing or substituting as heart rate. In an example, can makeMeasure user's heart rate with being sewn on conductive filament in the handle tape of installing on handlebar (as ECG electrode). HoldTape electrode can be connected to central bicycle computer unit, and described central bicycle computer unit contains electronic deviceMeasure GSR, aquation and/or heart rate. Biometric monitoring arrangement can show this information on display. IfUser's aquation or heart rate exceed a certain threshold value, so can reminding user drink more, drink still less, gain in strengthOr reduce intensity. Only measure the one or both in GSR, aquation or heart rate at bicycle computer,Useful algorithm is estimated the tolerance that cannot directly measure. For instance, if biometric monitoring arrangement only can be measured the heartRate and taking exercise the duration, can and temper with heart rate that aquation is estimated in the combination of duration and so userReminding user should drink water time. Similarly, can use heart rate and temper the duration should eat or drink except water userOutside thing (for example, sports drink) time reminding user.
Indirect measurement is estimated
Bicycle computer is measured multiple tolerance conventionally, including (but not limited to) speed, step, power and wind speed. JustThe formula monitoring arrangement of taking do not measure these tolerance or the situation of not communicating by letter with the device that can supply these tolerance under, can useThe sensor that described portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement has is inferred these and other tolerance. In one embodiment,Described portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be measured heart rate. It can infer with this measured value/estimating user positive outputAmount of power. Other tolerance such as such as user's age, height and body weight can contribute to inform dynamometry value. For exampleSpeed, the height above sea level that GPS measures increases/reduces, bicycle posture (to measuring inclination or the gradient on slope), and acceleratesThe extra sensing datas such as degree meter signal can be used for further informing power estimation. In one embodiment, can make diligentlyThe relation of the approximately linear between rate and power output is calculated user's power output.
In one embodiment, user from portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement and can be between alignment epoch as baseline butObtain data at the secondary device that time after a while is not used, calibration phase (for example, power meter) can occur. ThisCan allow to determine between the sensing data of being measured by portable monitoring arrangement and the sensing data of being measured by secondary deviceRelation. Ought not exist subsequently the secondary device to calculate by secondary device but clearly do not provided by biometric monitoring arrangementWhen the estimated value of data, can use this relation.
Based on movable Automatic dispatching
In one embodiment, the information in can the calendar (or Email or text message) based on user is adjusted for userThe requirement of advancing of spending every day (working, come off duty, between meeting), target is to meet daily routines target or long term activity of earthquake orderMark. The plan of helping of historical data that can user meet target and also have required transit time both. This featureCan combine with friend or colleague. Described scheduling can so complete, and makes user on the road of its walking working, to meet with friend,Or on Na Tiao road, meet with colleague and carry out meeting (but user may need to set meeting point). If at user's biometerBetween amount monitoring arrangement and user's friend, there is real-time Communication for Power, if from the data of friend's biometric monitoring arrangementIndicate their friend to run more lately, the longer route of so bootable user's walking.
In another embodiment, can (all or part of) degree of approach based on user and user advise walking/running to user/ healthy route. For these a little data of recommending also can or the GPS information based on from other users extraly. If depositedIn real-time Communication for Power, user can be directed to so to busy route or the quiet route of preference. Know about other users'Heart rate and basic health and fitness information can allow route of system recommendations to come the general level of the health of match user and desired exercise/exertForce level. This information can be again for planning/guide the activity/health objectives of longer-term to user.
Position/background sensing and application
By one or more method, the embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement disclosed herein has and can determine or estimateThe position of biometric monitoring arrangement or background (for example, in bus, at home, in automobile) sensor. CanUse dedicated location sensor, for example GPS, GLONASS or other GNSS (GLONASS) sensor.Or position is inferred, estimates or guessed to cocoa with the sensor of lower accuracy. Be difficult to therein know user's positionIn some embodiment that put, user's input can be assisted position and/or the background of determining user. For instance, if sensorData make to be difficult to determine that user is in automobile or in bus, biometric monitoring arrangement or and biometric soThe portable electron device of monitoring arrangement communication or the Cloud Server of communicating by letter with biometric monitoring arrangement can present to userInquiry, thus ask user that they ride in a bus or by bus today. Can enter for the position except vehicle backgroundThe similar inquiry of row. For instance, if sensing data indicating user has completed strenuous exercise, but not there is not indicating userGo to the position data in body-building shop, can ask so user whether they have gone to body-building shop today.
Vehicle transport detects
In certain embodiments, can use the sensor of biometric monitoring arrangement and/or communicate by letter with biometric monitoring arrangementPortable electron device and/or the Cloud Server of communicating by letter with biometric monitoring arrangement is being determined user or once assortedIn the vehicle (if there is) of type. It should be noted that in following examples, logical at one or more biometric monitoring arrangementSensor in letter and/or portable electron device can be used for sensing coherent signal. It shall yet further be noted that and can make in the following descriptionWith the such as specific network protocols such as WiFi or bluetooth, also can use such as RFID, NFC or cellular phone etc. one or manyIndividual alternative protocols.
In one embodiment, can be with the detection of the blue-tooth device being associated with vehicle is inferred to user is in vehicle.For instance, user can have the automobile that has bluetooth multimedia system. When user and their automobile touch obtain enough closely alsoWhen the long enough cycle, the bluetooth recognition that sensor device can identification multimedia system and hypothesis user are at automobileIn. Can use from the data of other sensor and confirm the hypothesis of user in vehicle. Can use from other sensorData or signal confirm that the example of user in automobile comprises GPS velocity measurement and the conduct higher than 30mphThe accelerometer signal of the characteristic in automobile. The intrinsic Information Availability of bluetooth ID is in the Wi-Fi road that determines that it is vehicleBy device or type of vehicle. For instance, the bluetooth ID of the router in automobile can be " Audi's car inner multimedia ". CloseKey word " Audi " or " car " can be used for guessing that router is associated with type of vehicle " automobile ". Or, can use indigo plantThe database of tooth ID and the vehicle that is associated thereof.
In one embodiment, can create by the user of biometric monitoring arrangement or by portable communication appts dataBuild or upgrade bluetooth ID and the database of the vehicle that is associated. This can and/or not use at the auxiliary lower of user's inputUnder family input auxiliary, complete. In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement can determine its whether in vehicle,Type of vehicle or particular vehicle and do not use bluetooth ID and it runs into the bluetooth ID moving together with vehicle, it can be by soBluetooth ID and about the information of vehicle send to central database taking by by catalog classification as the bluetooth ID corresponding with vehicle.Or, if user previously time point input about they or once the information and existing of vehicle therein refer to userShow their the once time durations in described vehicle or the bluetooth ID that runs into while approaching the described time, so can be by bluetooth IDSend to central database and be associated with each other with information of vehicles.
In another embodiment, can infer that user is at that car with the detection of the Wi-Fi device to being associated with vehicleIn or type of vehicle. Some trains, bus, aircraft, automobile and other vehicle have Wi-Fi route thereinDevice. Can detect and with the SSID of router infer or the auxiliary user of deduction in particular vehicle or type of vehicle.
In one embodiment, can create with the user of biometric monitoring arrangement or by portable communication appts dataOr upgrade the database of SSID and the vehicle that is associated thereof. This can and/or not have user defeated at the auxiliary lower of user's inputEnter auxiliary under complete. In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement can determine its whether in vehicle, carType or particular vehicle and do not use SSID and its to run into the SSID moving together with vehicle, biometric monitors soDevice can by SSID and about the information of vehicle send to central database taking by by catalog classification as corresponding with vehicleSSID. Or, if user previously time point input about they or once the information and existing of vehicle therein existUser indicates their the once time durations in described vehicle or the SSID that runs into while approaching the described time, so can be bySSID and information of vehicles send to central database and are associated with each other.
In another embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement, can use location sensor determine user's track. SubsequentlyThis track can be compared from the database of the route for different passage mode. Passage mode can be including (but not limited to)Walking, running, by bike, drive, ride in a bus, by train, take advantage of tramcar, take the subway, and/or ride motorCar. If user's track is well corresponding with the route of special pass pattern, can suppose that so user is passing through described routeDuring the time cycle spending, once used described passage mode. The speed that it should be noted that the section of route or route canImprove the conjecture to passage mode. For instance, bus and automobile both can adopt same routes, but public transportCar can allow device to determine that user once rode in a bus instead of automobile in the extra stop at place of bus station. Similarly, ride voluntarilyCar and driving can be assisted by the typical differences of described speed between the two through the differentiation between a route. This speedWhen degree difference also can be depending on day. For instance, some routes can be slower due to automobile during peak period.
The measurement in the magnetic field that in another embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can be based on vehicle detects user at carIn or near vehicle. In certain embodiments, also can use the position that is conventionally associated with vehicle (for example, railway station,Subway station, bus stop, garage) magnetic field sign to infer user current, will or in vehicle. Magnetic field signatureCan be become when non-or time become.
If determine user once in fact within cycle a period of time in vehicle, can revise so other degree about userAmount is with reflection state. Can measure at biometric monitoring arrangement and/or portable electron device the step number, the institute that for example carried outIn the situation of the movable tolerance such as walking or the distance of running, the height above sea level of climbing and/or the calorie that burns, can be based on passThe information of advancing in vehicle is revised these tolerance. If any carried out step number or institute climb during user is in vehicleThe height above sea level of stepping on, by record improperly, can be removed from the record of the tolerance about user so. Also can be from about userThe record of tolerance remove the tolerance deriving from the step number of the carrying out of record improperly or the height above sea level climbed, for example instituteThe distance of advancing and the calorie burning. Can determine in real time or quasi real time the whether situation in vehicle of userUnder, can close the biography of the tolerance (step number of for example, carrying out or the stair of climbing) that detection measures should be in vehicle timeSensor, or can close the algorithm for measuring these tolerance, thus prevent tolerance (and the saving electricity recording improperlyPower). It should be noted that and can record the tolerance using about vehicle (for example, the type of the vehicle of taking advantage of, the time of taking advantage of, takesAny bar route, and route cost is how long) and after a while for presenting these data to user and/or proofreading and correct about userOther movable and physiology measure.
Use the location sensing of bluetooth
Biometric monitoring arrangement also can determine when user approaches by the method that is similar to method as described aboveStatic position. In one embodiment, for example, from the bluetooth ID of the computer (, tablet PC) at restaurant or shop placeCan be used for determining user's position. In another embodiment, for example can use, from portable communication appts (, smart phone)Semifixed bluetooth ID determine user's position. The in the situation that of semifixed bluetooth ID source, can need multiple bluetooth IDReach the acceptable level of confidence of user's position. For instance, can create user's colleague's bluetooth IDDatabase. If user is arranged in some persons' of these bluetooths ID scope during the typical working time, soCan suppose that user is in work. Also can when meet by chance with the detection of other bluetooth ID is recorded to two users. Come for exampleSay, can determine that with bluetooth ID user goes out to go jogging together with another user by analyzing pedometer data. Similarly thisA little concepts are the 61/948th of application on March 5th, 2014 the, in No. 468 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases in further detailDiscuss, and be previously incorporated to by reference about these a little concepts.
The uncertain tolerance of location-based GPS
When sensor signal and gps signal are merged with estimated information biometric (for example, step number, pace of life,Speed, or the path of route) time, the quality of gps signal is usually had an informedness very much. But, known gps signal matterWhen amount is, become, and the one affecting in the factor of signal quality is surrounding environment.
Can use location information carry out estimating GPS signal quality. Server can storage area type map, wherein by dislikingNumber and the kind of changing the object of gps signal pre-determine area type. Described type can be for example: buildingRegion, small building object area, open area, by aqua region and wood land. In the time that GPS sensor is opened, canInquire these area types with several location estimation before it (its expection is more rough and incorrect). Rough by positionGPS estimates, can return to possible area type, and can in the time calculating gps signal q&r, consider these subsequentlyArea type.
For instance, if user urban canyons (by high constructure around region) for example, in (, urban district, San Francisco) or attachedClosely, so low certainty may be associated with any GNSS position measurement. This certainty can be after a while by attempting at least partlyThe algorithm of determining user's track, speed and/or elevation based on gps data uses.
In one embodiment, can use from the data of one or more GNSS sensor and automatically create position and GPSThe database of signal quality. By GNSS track and street map are compared and check when GNSS sensor is opened upShow that user advances along street (for example, having 10mph or higher speed) but its track is not positioned at the characteristic on road,And automatically carry out this relatively. Also can wherein exist the map of high constructure, valley or intensive forest to infer base from showingIn the deterministic database of the GPS of apparent position.
Use the location sensing of vehicle GNSS and/or dead reckoning
Many vehicles have integrated form GNSS navigation system. Do not there is the user of the vehicle of integrated form GNSS navigation systemBe usually their automobile purchase GNSS navigation system, described GNSS navigation system is conventionally arranged on and is driven non-permanentlyIn the person's of sailing the visual field. In one embodiment, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can with the GNSS system of vehicleCommunication. Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement is also in the situation for tracing positional therein, and it can connect from vehicle GNSSReceive positional information. Its GNSS sensor that can make biometric monitoring arrangement can cut out himself (has described biography at itIn the situation of sensor), therefore reduce its power consumption.
Except GNSS position probing, vehicle can be launched about its steering wheel is directed and/or it is with respect to earth magneticThe directed data of field, using supplementing as its speed of measuring as used tire size and tire rotation speed. This letterThe GNSS system that vehicle do not have GNSS system or vehicle of being used in breath cannot obtain the situation of reliable position measurementLower execution dead reckoning is to determine track and/or position. The positional information that boat position is inferred can be supplemented from biometric and be monitoredThe GNSS sensing data of device. For instance, biometric monitoring arrangement can reduce it to GNSS data samplingFrequency, and fill by the definite position of dead reckoning in gap between GNSS position data.
Step counter data fusion with satellite-based location positioning
In some embodiments of biometric monitoring arrangement, can be by the data fusion from various different sensors oneRise so that movable newly the seeing clearly about the wearer of biometric monitoring arrangement to be provided. For instance, supervise from biometricThe data of the altimeter in view apparatus can with by the acceleration counting to the accelerometer from biometric monitoring arrangementThe step enumeration data obtaining according to carrying out peak detection analysis combines, to determine the wearer of biometric monitoring arrangementWhen (for example) stair climbing or walk to go up a slope (with sit lift or escalator or the smooth ground of passing by relative).
In another example of Data Fusion of Sensor, from example as discussed above step counter data can with fromThe distance measure that gps data is derived combines to provide the fine estimation of total distance of advancing in given window. LiftExample, can be used Kalman filter by the distance based on GPS or speed data and the distance based on step counter or speedDegree (using the step number of carrying out to be multiplied by span) combines, to obtain meticulous distance estimations, and described meticulous distance estimationsThe comparable distance based on GPS separately or velocity measurement or the distance based on step counter or velocity measurement are more accurate. ?In another embodiment, can be used as the smoothing constant of the function of for example, leg speed rate by () accelerometer measures come rightDistance measure based on GPS is carried out filtering. These a little embodiments are discussed further in application on April 1st, 2014The 61/973rd, in No. 614 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases, described application case was previously incorporated in this article by referenceIn " to the cross reference of related application " joint, and described application case uses from based on satellite about aiming at this againNavigation system and the distance of the data of step sensor for countering or content that velocity estimation becomes more meticulous and by reference alsoEnter.
Biometric and environment/exercise performance degree of correlation
Some embodiment of portable monitoring arrangement described herein can detect several data, comprise biometric numberAccording to, environmental data and activity data. Can or present to user to promote two or more to all these data analysisThe analysis of the degree of correlation between the data of type. In one embodiment, user's heart rate can be with car speed, ride voluntarilyVehicle speed, velocity, swimming rate or walking speed are relevant. For instance, can be presented in X-axis and draw to userSpeed and draw the chart of heart rate in Y-axis by bike. In another example, user's heart rate can be listened to userMusic is relevant. Biometric monitoring arrangement can by for example, receive to the wireless connections (, bluetooth) of auto radio aboutUser once listened to the data of what music. In another embodiment, but biometric monitoring arrangement also self serves as music broadcastsPut device, and therefore can record and when play which song.
Weight lifting is auxiliary
Personal coach or partner auxiliary, may be difficult to suitably complete weight lifting routine in the case of not having. PortableBiometric monitoring arrangement can by transmit to user they should go up lift each weight how long, how soon they should lift heavilyThing, how soon they should reduce weight and will carry out the number of times of each repetition of lifting, and can complete weight lifting example by assisted userJourney. Biometric monitoring arrangement can be measured with one or more EMG sensor or strain transducer user's muscle receiptsContracting. Also can for example, by measuring vibration (, using accelerometer), one or more body part of one or more body partSweat (for example, use GSR sensor), rotation (for example, using gyroscope), and/or on one or more body partTemperature sensor, infers user's contraction of muscle. Or sensor can be placed in weight lifting equipment certainly with it to determine useWhen lifting, and they lift or the speed that reduces, they lift the lasting time, and their executed is liftedNumber of repetition.
In one embodiment, if biometric monitoring arrangement or weight lifting Equipment Inspection are just approaching their failure to userThe limit (in the time that user no longer can support weight), weight lifting equipment can automatically lift weight or prevent that weight from reducing so. ?In another embodiment, can automatically lift weight or prevent with the manipulator of biometric monitoring arrangement or weight lifting devices communicatingWeight reduces. This can allow user self to push their limit to and not need partner/witness (to be used in failureIn situation, lift weight) and not from the injured risk of falling weight.
Blood sugar level monitors auxiliary
In certain embodiments, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be configured to auxiliary its blood sugar level that need to monitorUser (for example, diabetic). In one embodiment, portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can be inferred use indirectlyThe blood sugar level at family or the tolerance relevant to user's blood sugar level. Can use except being generally used for and monitor that blood sugar monitors (useContinuous or discrete finger punctures the sensor of type) sensor outside sensor as typical blood sugar supervision sideMethod supplement or substitute or auxiliary as it. For instance, biometric monitoring arrangement can be based on monitoring dress from biometricThe data of the sensor measurement being set up and they should check its blood sugar level to user reminding. If user is at certain hourIn amount, carry out the activity of certain type, their blood sugar level may reduce so, and therefore, biometric monitors dressPutting can display alarm, produce the sense of hearing reminds, or vibration, thus their blood sugar of reminding user may be lower and they should makeFor example, check blood sugar with typical blood glucose measuring device (, finger punctures the blood glucose monitor of type). Biometric monitorsDevice can allow user to input the blood sugar level of measuring from blood-glucose meter. Or, can automatically be transmitted into life by blood sugar measuredThing metering monitoring arrangement and/or the 3rd device (for example, the smart phone of directly or indirectly communicating by letter with biometric monitoring arrangementOr server). This is blood sugar measured can be used for informing the algorithm that used by biometric monitoring arrangement with determine should be when by underOne blood sugar level is reminded and is delivered to user. User also can eat them, eat or to plan to eat what food defeatedEnter the device of directly or indirectly communicating by letter to biometric monitoring arrangement or with biometric monitoring arrangement. This information also can be used forDetermine the blood sugar level when reminding user checks them. Also can use individually or in combination described herein itsIts tolerance and sensing data (for example, heart rate data) are determined the blood sugar when reminding user checks them.
Except reminding in the time should checking blood sugar level, biometric monitoring arrangement also can show current blood sugar levelEstimation. In another embodiment, can for example, be used from biometric by secondary device (, smart phone or server)The data of monitoring arrangement are presented to user (for example,, by Intelligent electric with the blood sugar level of estimating user and/or by these dataIn words, on webpage, show described data, and/or by via data described in radio transmitting).
Biometric monitoring arrangement also can be used for making exercise, diet and other factors relevant to blood sugar level. This can assist useFront or the counter productive of the blood sugar level of these factors to them understood at family. Can (for example, use different devices by userFinger punch through style monitor or continuous blood sugar monitor), by biometric monitoring arrangement self, and/or by inferring bloodSugar level or use the tolerance relevant to blood sugar level of other sensor, measures the blood sugar level relevant to activity. ?In some embodiment of biometric monitoring arrangement, user can wear continuous blood sugar monitoring arrangement and biometric monitors dressPut. These two devices can will automatically upload to (for example, the service of the 3rd calculation element about the data of movable and blood sugar levelDevice). Server can subsequent analysis described in data and/or described data are presented to user, make user more know themActivity and blood sugar level between relation. Described server also can receive input (for example, the user about user's dietCan input them and eat what food) and make described diet relevant to blood sugar level. By help user understand diet, exercise andHow other factors (for example, anxiety) affects their blood sugar level, and biometric monitoring arrangement can be assisted suffers from diabetesUser.
UV exposes detection
In one embodiment, biometric monitoring arrangement can monitor the individual exposure to UV radiation. Can be by oneIndividual or multiple sensor measurement UVA and UVB. For instance, there is the photoelectricity that only makes the bandpass filter that UVA passes throughDiode can detect UVA and expose, and has and only make the photodiode of the bandpass filter that UVB passes through can detect UVBExpose. Also can use camera or reflectometer (determining that light reflects optical transmitting set and the photodetector of the efficiency of leaving skin) to surveyAmount user's cutaneous pigmentation. Use UVA, UVB and cutaneous pigmentation data, biometric monitoring arrangement canThe information of the UV exposed amount having stood about it is provided to user. Biometric monitoring arrangement also can provide about arriving UVOver-exposure, the possibility of sunburn and estimation or the warning that increases the possibility of its cutaneum carcinoma risk.
User exists the screen power of sensor to save
Portable biometric metering monitoring arrangement can have one or more display so that information is presented to user. An enforcementIn example, the sensor on biometric monitoring arrangement can determine that user is just using biometric monitoring arrangement and/or wearing biologyMetering monitoring arrangement is to determine the state of display. For instance, having the biometric monitoring arrangement of PPG sensor canUse PPG sensor as proximity sensor to determine when user wears biometric monitoring arrangement. If user wearsHave on biometric monitoring arrangement, the typicalness that the state of screen (for example, color LCD screen) can be turned off from it soChange to " connection " or " stand-by ".
Power with respect to satellite-based position determination system is saved
In some embodiments, some system being included in biometric monitoring arrangement may monitor dress with biometricThe power of the relatively large amount of other system phase specific consumption in putting. Owing to the little space of many biometric monitoring arrangements approximatelyBundle, this can have a strong impact on the overall cell charge life of biometric monitoring arrangement. For instance, at some biometricsIn monitoring arrangement, can comprise satellite-based position determination system. Whenever using satellite-based position determination system to useWhile location from the data acquisition of gps satellite group, it uses the power drawing from biometric monitoring arrangement battery. RawThing metering monitoring arrangement can be configured to change satellite-based position determination system based on from biometric monitoring arrangementThe frequency of data acquisition location of one or more sensor. This adaptive location frequency functionality can help power saving still simultaneouslyAllow satellite-based position determination system to provide location with useful interval (in due course).
For instance, if biometric monitoring arrangement has ambient light sensor, can use from ambient light sensing soThe data of device are determined illumination condition, and eucoen metering monitoring arrangement may be indoor but not outdoor. IfIndoor, biometric monitoring arrangement can cause location frequency to be set to lower than seem eucoen meter at illumination condition soThe level of amount monitoring arrangement spendable location frequency when outdoor. This has the biometric of reducing monitoring arrangement when indoorThe effect of the location number of times of attempting, and it is good fixed therefore unlikely to use satellite-based position determination system to obtainPosition.
In another example, if the motion sensor eucoen of biometric monitoring arrangement is measured wearing of monitoring arrangementPerson maintains static in fact, and for example sleep or cardinal principle are mobile is greater than several feet per minute, and so satellite-based position is trueThe location frequency of fixed system can be set to than wearer's (example at the volley of motion sensor eucoen metering monitoring arrangementAs, from a position walking or run to another location, for example, mobile be greater than several feet) the low level of situation.
In a further example, biometric monitoring arrangement can be configured to determine biometric monitoring arrangement whether in fact byPeople wears, if not, biometric monitoring arrangement can be set to location frequency more real than biometric monitoring arrangement soThe low level of situation of being worn on border. The motion number that can for example collect at the motion sensor from biometric monitoring arrangementMaintain static in fact (for example,, even showing that wearer sleeps or the time biology of sitting according to eucoen metering monitoring arrangementMetering monitoring arrangement experience is little also not to be maintained static when mobile) time or indicate not in for example data from heart rate sensorThis that carries out when heart rate detected whether being worn about biometric monitoring arrangement is determined a bit. For optics sensing heart rateDevice, if there is few change in the light quantity detecting in light detecting sensor in the time that light source is connected and turned off, this can soInstruction is following true: heart rate sensor does not compress people's skin, and infers that biometric monitoring arrangement is not worn. This certainlyAdapt to satellite-based position determination system location frequency concept and be discussed in more detail the of on March 18th, 2014 applicationIn 61/955, No. 045 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case, described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is previously " to related applicationCross reference " be incorporated herein by reference in part and again hereby about at satellite-based location positioningThe content that power saving place in the context of system is pointed out and being incorporated to by reference.
There is the many concepts and the embodiment that describe and illustrate herein. Although describe in this article and illustrate some enforcementExample, feature, attribute and advantage, but should be understood that from describe and explanation apparent many other and different and/or similarEmbodiment, feature, attribute and advantage. Thus, above embodiment only provides as an example. It is not intended in detailMost or limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, technology, material and/or configuration. According to the present invention, many amendmentsAnd variation is possible. Should be understood that and can utilize other embodiment, and can do without departing from the scope of the inventionGo out operation change. Thus, scope of the present invention is not limited in above description, because for the object that illustrates and describeAnd present the description of above embodiment.
Importantly, the present invention had both been not limited to any single aspect or embodiment, was also not limited to this little aspects and/or embodimentAny combination and/or arrangement. In addition, can be individually or in conjunction with one in other side and/or embodiments of the invention orMany persons and use each in aspect of the present invention and/or embodiment. For for purpose of brevity, will be not independent in this articleThe many persons in those arrangements and combination are discussed and/or illustrate on ground.
Claims (30)
1. a circuit, it comprises:
Photodetector, it is for receiving light and producing first signal of telecommunication based on described reception light;
Controller, it is for generation of one or more the first control signals and one or more the second control signal;
The first commutation circuit, it has at least the first configuration and the second configuration, and described the first commutation circuit is used for:
Receive the first voltage signal based on described first signal of telecommunication,
Receive described one or more the first control signal;
Configure between described the second configuration at least described first based on described one or more the first control signalsSwitch;
The first sample circuit, its in described the first commutation circuit in described first when configuration to described the first voltageThe value of signal samples;
The second sample circuit, its in described the first commutation circuit in described second when configuration to described the first voltageThe value of signal samples; And
Surround lighting is eliminated circuit, and it for producing the first electric current in the time that described first configures in described the first commutation circuitSignal is to offset at least in part the first component of described first signal of telecommunication, and described the first current signal is based on describedOne or more the second control signals and by described in described first voltage signal of described the second sample circuit samplingValue.
2. circuit according to claim 1, it further comprises gain adjustable circuit, described gain adjustable circuitFor setting the second current signal with respect to described the in described the first commutation circuit in described first when configurationOne signal of telecommunication is adjusted the gain of described the first voltage signal, and described the second current signal is based on described first signal of telecommunicationAnd one or more the 3rd control signals that produced by described controller.
3. circuit according to claim 2, wherein:
Described first signal of telecommunication is current signal;
The current/voltage that described circuit further comprises for described first signal of telecommunication is converted to second voltage signal turnsParallel operation;
Described the first voltage signal is based on described second voltage signal;
Described gain adjustable circuit is set described the second electricity in the time that described first configures in described the first commutation circuitStream signal is to adjust the gain of described second voltage signal, described the second current signal with respect to described first signal of telecommunicationBased on described one or more the 3rd control signal and described second voltage signal; And
Described surround lighting is eliminated circuit and in the time that described first configures, is produced described the first electricity in described the first commutation circuitStream signal, makes described the first current signal have the polarity contrary with described first signal of telecommunication to support at least in partDescribed first component of described first signal of telecommunication disappears.
4. circuit according to claim 3, wherein said current-to-voltage convertor and described gain adjustable circuit formTransimpedance amplifier.
5. circuit according to claim 4, wherein said current-to-voltage convertor comprise there is first input end,The first operational amplifier of two input terminals and lead-out terminal; The of described first input end and described photodetectorThe first terminal electric coupling of one terminal and described gain adjustable circuit; Described the second input terminal and reference voltage electricityCoupling; The second terminal electric coupling of described lead-out terminal and described gain adjustable circuit, described lead-out terminal is also usedIn the described second voltage signal of output.
6. circuit according to claim 5, wherein said gain adjustable circuit is in the institute of described gain adjustable circuitState between described second terminal of the first terminal and described gain adjustable circuit and comprise adjustable impedance level, described canAdjusting impedance level is used for providing adjustable impedance to adjust described second based on described one or more the 3rd control signalCurrent signal.
7. circuit according to claim 6, wherein:
Described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has the first resistance that has the first impedanceAnti-path and have the second impedance path of the second impedance; And
Described gain adjustable circuit further comprises the second commutation circuit, and described the second commutation circuit is used for based on describedOne or more the 3rd control signals are carried out between at least described the first impedance path and described the second impedance pathSelect.
8. circuit according to claim 3, it further comprises for cushioning described second voltage signal with described in producingThe buffer of the first voltage signal.
9. circuit according to claim 1, wherein said surround lighting is eliminated circuit and is eliminated the of circuit at described surround lightingBetween the second terminal of one terminal and described surround lighting elimination circuit, comprise adjustable impedance level, described adjustable impedanceLevel is used for providing adjustable impedance to adjust described the first current signal based on described one or more second control signal.
10. circuit according to claim 9, wherein:
Described adjustable impedance level comprises impedance network, and described impedance network at least has the first resistance that has the first impedanceAnti-path and have the second impedance path of the second impedance; And
Described surround lighting is eliminated circuit and is further comprised the second commutation circuit, and described the second commutation circuit is used for based on describedOne or more the second control signals are carried out between at least described the first impedance path and described the second impedance pathSelect.
11. circuit according to claim 1, wherein said the first sample circuit comprises the first sampling and keeps S/H circuit,Described the first sampling and maintenance S/H circuit are used for:
Receive described the first voltage signal;
Value to described the first voltage signal samples; And
In the time interval between continuous sample, store described through sampling value.
12. circuit according to claim 1, wherein said the second sample circuit comprises the second sampling and keeps S/H circuit,Described the second sampling and maintenance S/H circuit are used for:
Receive described the first voltage signal;
Value to described the first voltage signal samples; And
In the time interval between continuous sample, store described through sampling value.
13. circuit according to claim 1, it further comprises for the institute based on by described the first sample circuit samplingState the A/D converter ADC that the first voltage signal produces digital voltage signal.
14. circuit according to claim 13, it further comprises for the institute by described the first sample circuit samplingState the first voltage signal and received the buffer that cushions described the first voltage signal before by described ADC.
15. circuit according to claim 13, wherein said digital voltage signal represents user's heartbeat.
16. circuit according to claim 1, it further comprises for by described in described the second sample circuit samplingThe first voltage signal is eliminated circuit by described surround lighting and is received the buffer that cushions described the first voltage signal before.
17. circuit according to claim 16, wherein said buffer is only configured to when receiving while enabling signalEliminate circuit by outputing to described surround lighting by described first voltage signal of described the second sample circuit sampling, described inEnable signal at least when described the first commutation circuit time is asserted in described the first configuration.
18. circuit according to claim 1, it further comprises the second commutation circuit, the first end of described photodetectorSub and described the second commutation circuit electric coupling, described the second commutation circuit for based on produced by described controller oneIndividual or multiple the 3rd control signals and the described the first terminal of described photodetector is coupled to Voltage Reference.
19. 1 kinds of photoelectricity volume diagram, it comprises:
Circuit claimed in claim 1; And
Optical transmitting set, it is for sending light towards user's skin region.
20. photoelectricity volume diagram according to claim 19, it further comprises based on one that is produced by described controllerOr multiple the 3rd control signals are the drive circuit of described optical transmitting set power supply.
21. photoelectricity volume diagram according to claim 20, wherein said the 3rd control signal causes described drive circuitDuring the time interval in described the first commutation circuit in the time that described first configures, connect described optical transmitting set.
22. photoelectricity volume diagram according to claim 21, wherein said the 3rd control signal causes described drive circuitAfter described the first sample circuit samples described the first voltage signal and in described the first commutation circuitBefore being switched to described the second configuration, turn off described optical transmitting set.
23. photoelectricity volume diagram according to claim 20, wherein said drive circuit comprises:
The second operational amplifier, it has first input end, the second input terminal and lead-out terminal;
D/A converter (DAC), the sub-electric coupling of described first input end of itself and described the second operational amplifier, forInput signal is provided to described first input end of described the second operational amplifier;
Supply of electric power rail, it is for being provided to electric power the first terminal of described optical transmitting set;
Transistor, it has gate terminal, drain terminal and source terminal, described gate terminal and described the second computingThe described lead-out terminal electric coupling of amplifier, the second terminal electric coupling of described drain terminal and described optical transmitting set,And described source terminal and reference voltage electric coupling, described source terminal is further with described the second operational amplifierDescribed the second input terminal electric coupling is for being provided to feedback signal described the second operational amplifier;
Capacitor, it is electrically coupled to described lead-out terminal and described second operational amplifier of described the second operational amplifierDescribed the second input terminal between; And
Resistor, it is electrically coupled between described source terminal and described reference voltage, wherein said the second operation amplifierDevice is configured to the described feedback signal of the operating period based on described circuit and maintains the large of the described resistor of leapConstant voltage on body.
24. photoelectricity volume diagram according to claim 19, wherein said optical transmitting set and circuit claimed in claim 1Be arranged at least in part in the shell that can be worn by user.
25. 1 kinds use portable monitoring arrangement to obtain the method for heart rate data for user, and described portable monitoring arrangement comprises lightTransmitter, photodetector, controller, commutation circuit, the first sample circuit, the second sample circuit and surround lightingEliminate circuit, described method comprises:
Turn off or the described optical transmitting set of stopping using by controller;
Cause described commutation circuit to be converted to the second configuration from the first configuration by described controller, to stop using described firstSample circuit and enable described the second sample circuit so that the first detection signal is sampled;
By described photodetector testing environment optical signal;
Produce described the first detection signal by described photodetector based on described ambient light signal;
By described the second sample circuit, described the first detection signal is sampled;
By described the second sample circuit storage to through sampling the proportional electric charge of described the first detection signal;
Connect or enable by described controller the optical signal that described optical transmitting set is launched to send;
Cause described commutation circuit to be converted to described the first configuration from described the second configuration by described controller, to enableDescribed the first sample circuit is to sample the second detection signal;
Detect and comprise from the transmitting component of described launched optical signal and from described ring by described photodetectorThe incident optical signal of the context components of border optical signal;
Produce described the second detection signal by described photodetector based on described incident optical signal;
Causing described the second sample circuit that stored described electric charge is sent to surround lighting by described controller eliminatesCircuit;
Eliminate the described electric charge of circuit based on receiving from described the second sample circuit by described surround lighting and produce counteractingSignal, to offset at least a portion of context components of described the second detection signal;
By described the first sample circuit in the time that the described context components of described the second detection signal is cancelled to describedTwo detection signals sample; And
Based on providing output signal through described second detection signal of sampling, described described the second detection signal through samplingComprise the heart rate data for described user.
26. methods according to claim 25, it further comprises:
By described described the second detection signal through sampling of described the first sample circuit storage;
By described in A/D converter digitlization through sampling described the second detection signal so that described output signal to be provided.
27. methods according to claim 25, it further comprises:
Cause gain adjustable circuit to adjust or select impedance by described controller; And
Provide gain adjust signal for adjusting described by described gain adjustable circuit based on described impedanceThe gain of two detection signals.
28. methods according to claim 25, its further comprise make described photodetector from reference voltage decoupling so thatObtain described photodetector and can produce described the second detection signal.
29. methods according to claim 25, it further comprises described photodetector is coupled to reference voltage, makesObtain and originally the electric charge being accumulated in owing to surround lighting in described photodetector can be drained.
30. methods according to claim 25, it further comprises based on described output signal and produces at least one physiologyTolerance.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610284612.7A CN105852841B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data is collected |
| CN201510745382.5A CN105380635A (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data collection |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361830600P | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | |
| US61/830,600 | 2013-06-03 | ||
| US201461946439P | 2014-02-28 | 2014-02-28 | |
| US61/946,439 | 2014-02-28 | ||
| US14/290,884 US9044149B2 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2014-05-29 | Heart rate data collection |
| US14/290,884 | 2014-05-29 |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510745382.5A Division CN105380635A (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data collection |
| CN201610284612.7A Division CN105852841B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data is collected |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104207761A CN104207761A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
| CN104207761B true CN104207761B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610284612.7A Active CN105852841B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data is collected |
| CN201410243180.6A Active CN104207761B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data is collected |
| CN201510745382.5A Pending CN105380635A (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data collection |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610284612.7A Active CN105852841B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data is collected |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510745382.5A Pending CN105380635A (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Heart rate data collection |
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| CN105852841A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105852841B (en) | 2019-06-18 |
| CN105380635A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
| CN104207761A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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