CN104656258B - The nearly optics of the eye display device of the adjustable curved surface waveguide of diopter - Google Patents
The nearly optics of the eye display device of the adjustable curved surface waveguide of diopter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104656258B CN104656258B CN201510061156.5A CN201510061156A CN104656258B CN 104656258 B CN104656258 B CN 104656258B CN 201510061156 A CN201510061156 A CN 201510061156A CN 104656258 B CN104656258 B CN 104656258B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0112—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display
- G02B2027/0114—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display comprising dichroic elements
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of diopter nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide, including image display light source, for providing the image information for being used for observing；Collimation lens set, collimates to light wave；PBS polarization spectro components, polarization spectro is carried out to light wave；P＆S light converts component, the conversion for realizing P light and S light；P＆S light splitting selects component, and light wave can be made equably to be covered on coupling-in face；Micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates, for carrying out total reflection propagation to light wave；Micro- local curvature's coupling-out face, exports outer to substrate and the angle of visual field is extended and diopter is adjusted for coupling transmission light wave.The present invention has the advantages that adjustable, frivolous diopter, the big angle of visual field, fabrication design, and simply easily realization, compact conformation and image source capacity usage ratio are high, can be used for medical information distant learning, virtual reality simulation training, fire-fighting and rescue Information locating is instructed, road strengthens the numerous areas such as display, while can be used as the display of terminating machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nearly optics of the eye display device, particularly a kind of adjustable nearly optics of the eye of curved surface waveguide of diopter
Display device.
Background technology
In the information diversification epoch, the image information that various needs show is increasing, nearly optics of the eye display system due to
Easily various information can intensively be included being received much concern in a secondary virtual image.It is existing in order to embody enhancing
Real and liberation both hands theories, wearable display optical system using optical element by image information it is virtual including before human eye
At a certain distance from side, facilitate wearer that the change of surrounding scenes can be observed while information is browsed, so that will not be to wearing
Wearer's normally performed activity mode is impacted, while the wearer abnormal in order to look after diopter, generally also needs to possess certain
The ability of diopter compensation.Therefore for the enhanced wearable optical display device of reality, for convenience wearer can and
When acquisition come from display source information as much as possible, usually require that display system has big visual field, frivolous and full-color effect
Really.The nearly eye Display Technique of traditional Display Technique, such as free form surface or 45 ° of nearly eye Display Techniques of reflecting surface, all due to depositing
Regulation, the manufacture that volume is excessively huge, virtual image display screen is too small and high in it cannot carry out in diopter
The problems such as cost, the concrete application of near-eye display system is caused to be greatly limited.For example based on 45 ° of reflective structures
Display system, only increases the thickness of reflective structure by increasing by 45 ° of areas of reflecting surface to increase visual field and realizes,
Otherwise because the appearance of ghost image will cause the reduction of original image contrast, these mean the increasing of integral display system weight
Plus, so as to bring very big discomfort to wearer.For the near-eye display system based on free form surface technology, although collection
Close display and image amplification has been integrated, the volume of display system has been reduced to a certain extent, but in the large scale of image
The overall weight aspect of display and display system is unable to reach very big balance.Furthermore traditional display system is often by virtual graph
As display at infinity, thus mainly for crowd be crowd of the eyesight 1.2 or so, but general (including pass through
Vision correction) crowd's eyesight 1.0 or so, be this when such display device is worn, wearer cannot generally observe clearly
Clear, good image frame, very big puzzlement is brought to wearer.In order to solve this problem, traditional display device exists
Diopter regulation aspect is generally adjusted using external auxiliary or realizes that such mode causes aobvious using a virtual image
Show that the aspects such as the scene sense of volume and image of system all do not reach expected effect.
Therefore, diopter is adjustable, frivolous, big visual field, cramped construction and high-resolution image show always such
Optical system key issue urgently to be resolved hurrily, wherein the thickness of crucial display optics, weight and big visual field are particularly important.
The size of some application fields, the contrast of image and observation field range directly influence personnel safety and information it is complete
The judgement of whole property, while the overall weight of display system all has a great impact for the comfort level of the personnel of wearing.
In order to solve tradition wearing display optical system weight and visual field and outer diopter regulation etc. bring it is a series of
Problem, a kind of Display Technique scheme is provided in the United States Patent (USP) US7736006B2 of MicroVision companies of U.S. application, this
Kind of scheme realizes the conversion of optical polarization using substrate is polarized, and allows the S light catoptric imagings of wide-angle, and the P light of low-angle is complete
Full impregnated crosses reflecting surface, and the shortcoming of this kind of scheme is due to using wide-angle S light reflected P light transmissions, causing reflective output face in lining
The projected area of bottom bottom surface is too small and is unfavorable for the extension of visual field, while increasing the difficulty of design, and then causes the thickness of device
Degree cannot be lightening.United States Patent (USP) US20100260455 uses micro- broached-tooth design, is expanded the display visual field of display device
Exhibition, but the overall thickness of device is not reduced, furthermore the overall cosmetic look of device is bad, to relaxing that wearer brings
Suitable sense is not enough.In United States Patent (USP) US7021777, using the method for light conductive plates realize display device visual field extension and
Display device it is lightening, but technical scheme implements difficulty very in terms of the specific design of device and technique processing in this
Greatly, furthermore limited for showing the spreading range of visual field, these factors cause device to be unfavorable for large-scale production.It is particularly important
Although the nearly optics of the eye display system of slab guide that above-mentioned patent is mentioned is in terms of the expansion of weight, volume and visual field
Make moderate progress, but in the diopter regulation on there is no substantial change.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of diopter nearly optics of the eye display of adjustable curved surface waveguide
Part.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide of diopter, its feature is：Include successively：Image shows
Light source, for providing the image information for being used for observing；Collimation lens set, then collimate to light wave；PBS polarization spectro components,
For carrying out polarization spectro to the light wave from image display light source；P＆S light converts component, for realizing P polarization light and S-polarization
The conversion of light；P＆S light splitting selects component, in order that light wave is equably covered on coupling-in face；Micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates, use
In carrying out total reflection propagation to light wave；Micro- local curvature's coupling-out face, for make transmission light wave couple output to substrate it is outer and
The angle of visual field is extended and diopter is adjusted.Wherein, image display light source is located at the right side of micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates,
PBS polarization spectros component is located at the lower section of display light source, respectively has a P＆S light to convert in the lower section and right of polarization spectro component
Component, respectively there is thereafter a collimation lens set, and P＆S light splitting selection component is then positioned at the left side of polarization spectro component.The present invention is main
To be realized using the scheme of polarization spectro image-forming principle, total reflection principle and micro- curvature reflection correction diopter.This hair
Bright basic functional principle is：The light of image display light source enters PBS polarization spectro components, and the S light for first coming from light source leads to
The reflection and P＆S light of crossing polarization spectro component convert the conversion of component, S light is changed into P light and enter collimation lens set, then pass through
The collimated reflected of collimation lens set, then S light is changed into P light from light conversion component, then it is directed through PBS polarization spectro components
Reflecting surface enters P＆S light splitting and selects component.For the reflecting surface that the P light from light source is then directed through PBS polarization spectro components
Into in P＆S light conversion component, P light is changed into S light by the conversion for converting component and enter collimation lens set, then by collimation
The collimated reflected of lens group, then P light is changed into S light from conversion component, by being reflected into for PBS polarization spectro component reflectings surface
To in P＆S light splitting selection component.Make covering for the uniform light come self-focus lenses by the half-reflection and half-transmission of light splitting selection component
Cover on the surface of waveguide coupling-in face.Met with coupled reflection face into the light for coupling defeated component, by coupled reflection face
Reflection, make its meet in the waveguide total reflection condition start propagate.Light is containing sphere or free form surface, (regional area has one
Fixed curvature) waveguide (curved surface waveguide) according to set propagated to spherical calotte or free form surface (partial zones
There is certain curvature in domain) reflecting surface at, due to coupling output reflection face and the combination of waveguide containing micro- local curvature surface,
So that light is according in the reverse effect output converged to air dielectric.There is the effect of negative lens reverse polymerization due to this effect
Really, thus can by the virtual image according to a certain distance be imaged on diopter exception human eye far point at so as to a certain extent
It is rectifiable or reduce strict demand for observer's eyesight.
The nearly optics of the eye display device of curved surface waveguide that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：PBS polarization spectro components
S-polarization light can be made to launch at reflecting surface, and make P polarization light wholly transmissive.
The nearly optics of the eye display device of curved surface waveguide that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：P＆S light conversion component can
To realize the mutual conversion of P polarization light and S-polarization light.
The nearly optics of the eye display device of curved surface waveguide that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：P＆S light splitting selects component
Property with half-reflection and half-transmission.
The nearly optics of the eye display device of curved surface waveguide that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：Micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates
Upper and lower surface by similar to negative lens concave surface constitute.
The nearly optics of the eye display device of curved surface waveguide that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：Micro- local curvature's coupling
Output face is that the curved-surface reflection side by some with micro- local curvature is constituted,
Compared with existing optical display device, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Diopter is adjustable, frivolous, the big angle of visual field,
Optical design and processing technology are simply easily realized, compact conformation and image source capacity usage ratio are high.These advantages cause that this is sent out
It is bright compared with existing display device：Inherent diopter regulation can be carried out, show that visual field is bigger, the contrast of image is substantially carried
Height, while imaging system is reduced much in terms of volume and weight than common imaging guides system.Under identical volume,
The imaging system angle of visual field of the present invention is bigger, and manufacturing process is more simple and easy to apply, cost is less expensive, while the present invention is compared to traditional
System structure is compacter, compact.Optical display device of the present invention can be used for medical information distant learning, virtual reality simulation
The numerous areas such as training, fire-fighting and rescue Information locating are instructed, road enhancing display, make at the same time as the display of terminating machine
With.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the adjustable diopter of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that the light of traditional periscopic optical presentation system propagates schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the plane leaded light display device schematic diagram of priority patent；
Fig. 4 is the angle of visual field extension schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide；
Fig. 5 is the curved surface waveguide schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide；
Fig. 6 is the curved-surface reflection side schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide；
Fig. 7 is that the diopter Principles of Regulation of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide are illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 8 is the light wave collimation diffusion schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide；
Fig. 9 is the structural parameters schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide；And
Figure 10 is the wearing application schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide.
Specific embodiment
Specific implementation process of the invention is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the adjustable diopter of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide
Figure.As shown in figure 1, system composition of the invention includes image display light source 10, collimation lens set 11, PBS polarization spectro components
12nd, P＆S light conversion component 13, P＆S light splitting selection component 14, micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates 15 and micro- local curvature's coupling-out face
16.The light of image display light source 10 enters PBS polarization spectros component 12, and the S light for first coming from light source passes through polarization spectro group
The reflection of part 12 and P＆S light convert the conversion of component 13, S light is changed into P light into collimation lens set 11, then saturating by collimation
The collimated reflected of microscope group 11, then S light is changed into P light from light conversion component 13, then it is directed through PBS polarization spectros component 12
Reflecting surface enters P＆S light splitting and selects component 14.PBS polarization spectros component 12 is then directed through for the P light from light source to reflect
Face enters in P＆S light conversion component 13, P light is changed into S light into collimation lens set 11 by the conversion for converting component 13, then
By the collimated reflected of collimation lens set 11, then P light is changed into S light from conversion component 13, it is anti-by PBS polarization spectros component 12
Penetrate face be reflected into P＆S light splitting selection component 14 in.The half-reflection and half-transmission for selecting component 14 by light splitting makes come auto-collimation
The surface for being covered in waveguide coupling-in face of the uniform light of lens.Into the light and coupled reflection face phase that couple defeated component
Meet, by the reflection in coupled reflection face, make it that total reflection condition is met in optical waveguide substrates 15 and start to propagate.Light is containing sphere
Or free form surface (regional area has certain curvature, such as 0-1m-1) waveguide (curved surface waveguide) according to set propagated
To with spherical calotte or free form surface, (regional area has certain curvature, such as 0-10m-1) reflecting surface at, due to couple it is defeated
Appear the combination of 16 reflectings surface and the waveguide 15 containing micro- local curvature surface, so that light is defeated according to the reverse effect for converging
Go out in air dielectric.There is the effect of negative lens reverse polymerization due to this effect, thus can by the virtual image according to it is certain away from
From being imaged on away from the far point of diopter exception human eye, so that rectifiable to a certain extent or reduce for observer's eyesight
Strict demand.
The basic structure of the nearly optics of the eye display device of the adjustable curved surface waveguide of diopter of the present invention is made up of seven parts, for
Concrete application can accordingly be extended to each part of the invention, so as to further improve the device in concrete application side
Corresponding illustrative explanation is given in the potentiality in face, the effect below for seven parts in the present invention：
Image display light source 10 is mainly used in providing the image information for observing.For nearly optics of the eye display device, examine
Consider the weight and volume of integral display system, while enriching fine and smooth image information in order to be provided to observer, lead to
Image information is provided frequently with the display chip of miniaturization.The miniature sizes image display light source of current main flow have Lcos,
LCD, OLED etc..It is excellent in order to be carried out to the structure of integral display system in volume due to the difference of concrete application scene
Change makes it tend to miniaturization, at the same uniformity in view of light source each point brightness, output light efficiency, brightness requirement and resolution ratio with
The factors such as the limitation of size, generally select that volume is suitable, brightness uniformity, high resolution light source as micro display system display
Light source, such as Lcos.For liquid crystal on silicon Lcos, marked difference present on different types of display chip its resolution ratio, for example
Serial usually above CF-Lcos with its resolution ratio of micro display screen of the CS-Lcos series of size, but CS-Lcos optics draws
The design held up compares CF-Lcos with structural volume and wants complicated and big many, it is therefore necessary to according to specific application and technology needs
To select.Consider that the polarization state of the light wave that different display systems is launched is different simultaneously, in order to meet optical design
With the requirement of Film Design etc., it will usually the biasing mating plate before display light source, for changing the light wave from display system
Polarization state.
Collimation lens set 11 is mainly collimated to light wave.In display application is worn, because human eye is used as final
Graphical information recipient, it is therefore desirable to processed the light wave from image display light source and freely loosen viewing to reach human eye
Actual requirement.In order to realize this effect, the light wave that display light source sends is collimated using optical spherical lens generally,
But due to the presence of optical aberration, such as astigmatism, distortion, the curvature of field, coma cause image by being contrasted after single lens
Degree is serious to be reduced, and is that this needs to carry out strict aberration correction according to application requirement for collimation lens, to reach final reason
The imaging effect thought, can otherwise influence the final resolution ratio of light optic system, picture quality when causing human eye directly to be observed
Change, human eye is clearly watched good image information.Common spherical mirror is generally used in aberration correction
The lens combination correction different with local curvature of several pieces of refractive index differences, this increases in the weight and volume for virtually making system overall
Plus, it is this usual correction that aberration is completed using aspherical mirror and the method for spherical mirror combination.Because single aspherical mirror exists
A certain kind of aberration is just eliminated during correction aberration, so as to the integral frame and weight to system bring very big benefit, furthermore
In view of the development of contemporary optics process technology, free form surface technology has been also introduced into aberration correction, therefore can be combined freely
Curved surface technology realizes the requirement that traditional optical is miniaturized in volume.
PBS polarization spectros component 12 is used to carry out polarization spectro to the light wave from image display light source.In order that this hair
Funerary objects part is operationally, it is ensured that the track of light is carried out according to specific optical design requirements, it is therefore desirable to from image
The light wave of display light source carries out polarization spectro.PBS polarization spectros component 12 can make the wholly transmissive of P light wave frees of losses, and to S
Light wave is reflected accordingly.Allow S light and P light from light source respectively according to corresponding by using PBS spectrum groupwares
Design requirement gives and collimates, and can so improve the utilization rate of energy of light source.
P＆S light conversion component 13 is used to realize the mutual conversion of P polarization light and S-polarization light.For from PBS components 12
P light or S light, in order to ensure after the collimation of collimation lens can with the reflecting surface of without hindrance transmission PBS components or
By the reflective surface of PBS components, it is therefore desirable to which the transition components such as half-wave plate of corresponding P light and S light realizes this function.
Because half-wave plate can accordingly be changed to the direction of vibration of the polarised light by wave plate, such that it is able to send out P light and S light
Raw corresponding conversion.
The purposes of P＆S light splitting selection component 14 is in order that light wave is equably covered on coupling-in face.P＆S light splitting is selected
Selecting component 14 can be made up of a PBS component and 45 ° of internal reflection prisms, or in 45 ° of spectrum groupwares and one instead
Prism composition is penetrated, specific selection needs to be determined according to the polarization state of light source.If light source is the light source of non-linear polarization, by
It is equal in the energy of P light and S light, can be constituted using PBS components and 45 ° of reflecting prisms, if light source is linearly polarized light light source,
Must be constituted using 45 ° of spectrum groupwares and internal reflection prism, can so remain that light-wave energy is uniform in coupling-in face
Distribution, the image planes brightness disproportionation one for not resulting in final output image or the appearance for causing display image image planes dark space.
The rapidoprint of micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates 15 has many kinds, such as glass material JGS1, JGS2, K9, BK7, plastics
Material has PET, PMMA etc..Because the refractive index of every kind of material, abbe number are different, cause the cirtical angle of total reflection, material it is saturating
Cross rate, absorption coefficient and vary in weight.Limitation in view of practical application condition and processing technology is, it is necessary to according to specific requirement
Selected.Need to meet the condition being totally reflected when light wave is propagated in the substrate, to ensure that light does not reflect substrate, while
Material should as far as possible be reduced in itself to the absorption of light-wave energy, can otherwise make substantial amounts of light-wave energy lost in transmitting procedure and
Influence the visibility and contrast of image.Other planar substrate material limits the model of the image for transmitting in the substrate in itself
Enclose, in order to expand the scope of transmission image, generally plate film layer or the selection of certain reflectivity as desired in substrate surface
The glass material of high index of refraction, the angle of total reflection to material gives certain extension.Therefore, the material of slab guide substrate is usual
Selection possesses the optical material of appropriate index, transmitance and mechanical performance, such as plastics acrylic PMMA.And plastics acrylic
PMMA(nd=the cirtical angle of total reflection 1.49) is 42.2 °, higher than general K9 glass (nd=the cirtical angle of total reflection 1.52)
41.8 °, the lighter in weight of PMMA in addition, for the K9 glass and PMMA plastics of equal volume, the weight of PMMA is K9 glass
Half, this advantage can be used to mitigate the weight of wearing display application apparatus.
Micro- local curvature's coupling-out face 16 is used to make transmission light wave coupling output outer to substrate and expand the angle of visual field
Open up and diopter is adjusted.By the reflection of a number of curved-surface reflection side, can make light different reflectings surface it
Between with certain reflectivity continuous reflection and transmission, can so make light in effective clear aperature area of curved surface waveguide lower surface
It is expanded, so that the output angle of visual field of image is expanded.Furthermore because reflecting surface has certain micro- local curvature, from
And make reflecting surface that there is certain refractive power, do not change light it is final be converged to as on the premise of, curved-surface reflection side and
Curved surface waveguide constitute one group similar to negative lens can be to the divergence of beam from infinite far object, so that light is anti-
To extended line assemble, the object of infinity is imaged at a certain distance, furthered between observer and image away from
From the crowd hence for diopter exception can play a part of diopter regulation.
The job step and exemplary application of the nearly optics of the eye display device of the adjustable curved surface waveguide of diopter of the present invention：
Fig. 2 is that the light of traditional periscopic optical presentation system propagates schematic diagram.As shown in Fig. 2 traditional periscopic light
Learn guide-lighting display system main by coupling-in face Surf-input, the guide-lighting substrate upper and lower surface Surf1 that is parallel to each other and
Surf2, coupling-out face Surf-outputComposition.In order to ensure the direction in space of coupling input light and the space of coupling output
Direction is identical, and each parameter of display system need to meet some requirements, as follows：β-145=45 °
Wherein, β-145It is coupling-in face Surf-inputWith the angle of substrate lower surface Surf2.
β-245=45 °
Wherein, β-245It is coupling-out face Surf-outputWith the angle of substrate top surface Surf1.
Light beam 20 from the same object point of display light source enters after substrate, by coupling-in face Surf-inputIt is anti-
Penetrate, make the angle of light 20 and substrate top surface normal more than the cirtical angle of total reflection, so as to continue shape in the substrate to reflect
Formula is transmitted.Light beam is in the substrate by being transferred to up to coupling-out face Surf-output, through overcoupling output reflection face Surf-output
Reflection, a part of light reflects substrate and forms imaging beam 21 according to the requirement of optical design, and a part of light reflects
Optical waveguide substrates form imaging beam 22.Although light beam 21 and light beam 22 are generations after the light beam catadioptric from same object point
, but by the reflection of output face, the direction in space of light beam 21 and 22 occurs in symmetrical fashion, becomes two, space object point hair
The light for going out, causes the appearance of ghost and influences the definition of original image.Furthermore led, it is necessary to increase to expand observation visual field
The thickness H-45 of light substrate realizes, this will cause the overall weight of display system to increase, and need to expand using new visual field for this
Open up frame mode to substitute, to mitigate the weight of system.
Fig. 3 is the plane leaded light display device schematic diagram of priority patent.A kind of big angle is refer in patent US7736006B2
Degree display device scheme, although this kind of scheme can increase the angle of visual field, because the angle in output reflection face is excessive, causes ripple
The thickness of conductive substrate cannot be made thin thin, and then the overall weight of display device is heavier, in figure 3,
Surface=H-big/Tan(β-big)
Wherein, Surface is reflecting surface Surf-RefIn the projected length of bottom surface, H-bigIt is the thickness of slab guide substrate,
β-bigIt is reflecting surface Surf-RefWith the angle of substrate floor, due to β-bigMore than 45 °, cause Surface very littles, H-bigIt is very big.
In order to expand the observation angle of visual field, reflecting surface Surf can only be increased-RefQuantity, and then by increasing the total area of Surface
To increase the angle of visual field, this necessarily causes the processing technology of device to become very complicated, simultaneously because the increase of thickness, the weight of device
It is consequently increased.
Fig. 4 is the angle of visual field extension schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide.Pass
The nearly optics of the eye display device of system has the contradiction between volume and visual field extension in terms of the extension of the angle of visual field, and the present invention is adopted
The extension of the angle of visual field is realized with the reflecting surface of multiple micro- local curvatures.As shown in figure 4,40 put for the microcosmic of curved-surface reflection side
Big figure, curved-surface reflection side is S in the projected area of the horizontal waveguide surface of micro- curved surface.Face S exports bore as effective thang-kng, certainly
Determine the size of the final angle of visual field.Generally effectively clear field S must assure that the image from light source can be expanded completely,
Can in the horizontal direction observe the horizontal overall structure of image.45 ° of traditional reflection technologies are due to using 45 ° of plane reflections
Face, therefore cause reflecting surface in the projected area of horizontal plane and the area equation of 45 ° of reflectings surface, will so cause the thickness of device
Very thick, the present invention is realized using low-angle curved-surface reflection side, i.e.,
β-small<45°
Wherein, β-smallIt is the angle of the horizontal plane of curved-surface reflection side and curved surface waveguide.
Due to β-small<45 °, projected area S can be expanded, while the thickness of curved surface waveguide can be reduced.In Fig. 4
In, met with curved-surface reflection side S1 first by the light 41 of waveguide transmission, by the catadioptric of curved-surface reflection side S1, a part
Light is coupled out outside curved surface waveguide, and a part continues to be propagated according to original route.According to the light of original route propagation in song
Met with reflecting surface S2 after a segment distance is propagated in the waveguide of face, curved-surface reflection side S2 carries out catadioptric to light 41 makes one part
Export outside curved surface waveguide, a part continues propagation makes it be met with curved-surface reflection side S3, S4 respectively, curved-surface reflection side S3, S4
Can equally catadioptric be carried out to light 41, light 41 is respectively obtained reflection on four curved-surface reflection sides respectively, so that
Make effectively to export clear aperture area and be expanded, i.e.,
2S<Area≤4S
Wherein, Area is effective net projected area of the curved-surface reflection side in curved surface waveguide surface.Due to effectively exporting thang-kng
Aperture is extended, and such that it is able to can see all horizontal information of image in horizontal field of view direction, that is, extends level
The angle of visual field.
Fig. 5 is the curved surface waveguide schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide.Generally
Nearly optics of the eye display optical waveguide substrates based on waveguide all use planar structure, primarily to ensureing collimated ray according to both
Fixed propagated, it is ensured that the quality of final image.In order to carry out diopter regulation, guide-lighting substrate is employed the present invention
Different from plane wave leaded light substrate curved surface waveguiding structure, as shown in figure 5,50 for optical waveguide substrates of the present invention macrograph, be by
Curved surface with certain local curvature is constituted.51 is the localized micro schematic enlarged-scale view of optical waveguide substrates 50, as can be seen from the figure
Upper and lower surface is made up of curved surface 52 and curved surface 53 in the partial enlarged drawing of substrate, the knot of the shape of partial structurtes similar to negative lens
Structure, top and bottom use concave structure.The present invention is based primarily upon negative lens and can correct diopter using curved surface waveguiding structure
Principle, the upper left corner is negative lens imaging schematic diagram, the i.e. light 55 from infinite far object in optics in Fig. 5, by negative lens
The reverse extending line of light is converged at lens focus afterwards, therefore the crowd abnormal for diopter is carrying out diopter calibration
When, make the image objects of infinite point at the far point 56 of the abnormal human eye 54 of diopter using negative lens, just can so see
Understand the details of object.When the guide-lighting substrate of curved surface waveguide is designed, on the premise of negative lens structures are met, it is necessary to consider light
When line is propagated in curved surface waveguide, come same spot light light between angle ensure human eye minimum resolution it
It is interior, can otherwise influence final image viewing effect.
Fig. 6 is the curved-surface reflection side schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide.This
Invention employs curved-surface reflection side structure at the coupled output of light wave, and a part can be made by the reflection of curved-surface reflection side
Light reflects substrate, and a part continues to propagate, because reflecting surface employs micro- local curvature's structure, therefore to from light source
Collimated ray has certain reverse convergent effect.As shown in fig. 6,60 is the macrostructure of curved-surface reflection side, similar to plane
Structure.64 is the microstructure enlarged drawing of curved-surface reflection side, and as seen from the figure, reflecting surface has compared to Plane reference structure 62
Certain local curvature, has certain converging action hence for light.
Fig. 7 is that the diopter Principles of Regulation of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide are illustrated
Figure.In order to be adjusted to diopter without regard to as matter is damaged, therefore present invention employs camber reflection
The mode that face and curved surface waveguiding structure are combined realizes the regulation of diopter.As shown in fig. 7, curved-surface reflection side Cur-RefAnd ripple
Conductive substrate curved surface Cur-RefConstitute diopter adjustment structure of the invention, and curved-surface reflection side reference planes Plan-RefWith micro- song
The reference planes Plan of face substrate-subConstitute traditional planar waveguide reflective formula export structure.Diopter of the invention is specific
Regulation process is：Collimation parallel rays Ray-1 and Ray-2 from same object point on image display light source are first and camber reflection
Face Cur-Ref meets, and because camber reflection has reflection and converging action in face of the Ray-1 and Ray-2 of light, makes the direction of light
Change, so that reflection light Cur-Ray-1 and Cur-Ray-2 meets with curved surface optical waveguide substrates Cur-Sub, due to curved surface
Optical waveguide substrates have disperse function to light, so that the reverse extending line of reflection light Cur-Ray-1 and Cur-Ray-2 has
Convergent effect, be equal to has carried out reverse convergence to the light of infinite far object, and furthered the distance between object and observer,
So that the abnormal people of diopter is capable of the virtual image of output visible in detail.And for traditional planar waveguiding structure,
Collimation parallel rays Ray-1 and Ray-2 after being met with plane reflection face Plan-Ref and reflecting, reflection light Plan-
Ray-1 and Plan-Ray-1 remain unchanged keeping parallelism, will not also be assembled after being met with planar substrate Plan-sub, still keep
Parallel output, so final effect still makes image objects in infinite point, therefore cannot realize the regulation of diopter.
Fig. 8 is the light wave collimation diffusion schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide.
In order to improve the light efficiency utilization rate in display source and ensure the homogeneity of output image image planes brightness, present invention employs a kind of light
Ripple collimates diffusion structure, as shown in figure 8, its specific work process is：Light from light source Source initially enters PBS polarizations
In spectrum groupware, P light is directed through reflecting surface and half-wave plate 81 meets, and the direction of vibration of polarised light can be made due to half-wave plate 81
Change, so that P light is changed into S light.S light is changed into P light and is reflected into half-wave plate by the collimation and reflection of collimation lens
In, then the reflecting surface for being changed into S light and PBS from P light meets, because PBS can ensure that S light is efficiently reflected, therefore collimated S
Light is entered directly into spectrum groupware.Also from light source S light waves directly reflected by PBS after and half-wave plate 80 meet, due to
Half-wave plate 80 can make the direction of vibration of polarised light change so that S light is changed into P light, P light by collimation lens collimation
It is reflected into half-wave plate with S light is changed into after reflection, then the reflecting surface for being changed into P light and PBS from S light meets, because PBS can be with
Ensure that the P light head of a quilts are penetrated, therefore during collimated P light enters directly into spectrum groupware, P light and S light all may be used through the above way
To enter display system, so as to improve the utilization rate of display source energy.The light wave for entering into spectrum groupware not only has P light waves
Also there are S light waves, in order to ensure that light can be uniformly covered on coupling-in face surface, different reflection mode groups can be used
Close and realize.In view of convenient and easy effect, constituted frequently with PBS components and internal reflector, that is, collimate later light
Initially enter in PBS spectrum groupwares 82, PBS spectrum groupwares 82 ensure that S light is all reflected to coupling-in face surface, and P light is complete
Portion is projected into internal reflector component 83, is reflected by internally reflective the reflection of mirror, is all reflexed to coupling-in face surface, due to
In light wave from light source, P light waves and S light waves possess equal energy, therefore coupling-in face can be ensured by uniform light
Covering.
Fig. 9 is the structural parameters schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide.In order to
Realize the above-mentioned effect of the present invention, when optical design is carried out, the structural parameters of curved surface optical waveguide substrates and curved-surface reflection side it
Between should meet certain relation, will otherwise cause the resolution ratio of final image, contrast, definition to lose actual meaning.
In fig .9, the axial principal ray by collimation for being sent with object point on axle is with reference to optical design is carried out, when axial principal ray vertically enters
When injecting coupling-in face, the corresponding relation of each parameter is：
β-REF1=2* β-IPUT
β-OPUT=β-IPUT
β-REF2=β-OPUT
Wherein, β-IPUTIt is the angle of coupling-in face and micro- curved surface leaded light transferring substrate horizontal reference bottom surface, β-REF1It is main
The angle of axial ray and micro- curved surface leaded light upper and lower horizontal reference plane normal of transferring substrate, β-REF2It is axial principal ray and micro- local curvature
The angle of the plane of reference normal of coupling-out face.In order to avoid the picture contrast reduction that dispersion causes, β-IPUTMaster should be met
The condition of axial ray vertical incidence, while axial principal ray is into disclosure satisfy that total reflection condition is propagated after substrate.
2*PBS-W=H/ (tan (β-IPUT))
Wherein, H is the thickness of curved surface waveguide, PBS-WIt is the width of spectrum groupware single component, for the convenience of design, leads to
Often choose two length PBS of spectrum groupware-WIt is equal.
h-sub=h-ref=N* (λ/2)
h-ref-w=H/ (sin (β-OPUT))
h-sub-w=H/ (tan (β-OPUT))
Wherein, h-subIt is the local surface mistake height of the corresponding curved surface waveguide of single curved-surface reflection side, h-sub-wIt is single curved surface
The local chord length of the corresponding curved surface waveguide of reflecting surface.h-refIt is that corresponding local mistake is high in itself for curved-surface reflection side, h-ref-wIt is curved surface
Reflecting surface corresponding local chord length in itself.N is the F-number needed according to diopter regulation, the ginseng chosen when λ is optical design
Examine wavelength.Regulation needs according to specific diopter, can calculate by corresponding mistake height and chord length, such that it is able to
The local curvature of the required curved-surface reflection side asked and the local radius of curvature of curved surface waveguide.
In order to further illustrate the advantage and practical significance of device of the present invention, given qualitatively with specific parameter below
Illustrate, the quantity for choosing curved-surface reflection side is:M=4, β-IPUT=27 °, the thickness H=3mm of waveguide, F-number N=10, λ
For 589.3nm then：The value of each parameter is：
β-REF1=54 °
PBS-W=2.94
h-sub=h-ref=2.945um
β-OPUT=27 °
β-REF2=27 °
h-ref-w=6.6mm
h-sub-w=5.89mm
Corresponding micro- curved surface leaded light substrate is designed by above-mentioned parameter and shows structure, it is possible to achieve the tune that 100 degree of diopter
Section, 30 ° of optics of the angle of visual field of level, greatly extend the field range of observation, and for the guide-lighting biography of previous plane
Defeated display device, obtains same observation visual field if desired, and the thickness of guide-lighting transferring substrate at least needs the thick left and right of 7mm, and
And the regulation of diopter cannot be realized, it can be seen that device of the present invention not only has in terms of frivolous and angle of visual field extension
There is very big advantage, be provided simultaneously with the regulating power of diopter.
Figure 10 is the wearing application schematic diagram of the diopter of the present invention nearly optics of the eye display device of adjustable curved surface waveguide.As schemed
Shown in 10, image display light source and PBS spectrum groupwares 101 are all installed in mirror holder 103, by defeated in curved surface waveguide coupling
Enter end and image light waves are coupled into waveguide, be finally observed that exaggerated image information at coupling outgoing position 102.
It is used for wearable display by by component of the invention, on the one hand can watch in real time needs the display picture of display, while by
Do not stop the entrance of external scene light completely using special diaphragm in component of the invention, therefore outside can also be observed
The change of scenery.Furthermore waveguide device can be separately added on the two sides of common spectacles frame according to specific requirement, for eyes 3D
Display.
The effect of embodiment and effect：
Due to can in real time watch and need display without the special diaphragm of use, therefore one side in the embodiment of the present invention
Display picture, on the other hand can also observe the change of outside scenery.
Component is selected as a result of P＆S light splitting in the embodiment of the present invention, light-wave energy can be kept in coupling-in face
Uniform distribution, does not result in the image planes brightness disproportionation one of final output image or causes going out for display image image planes dark space
It is existing.
As a result of the combination of micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates and micro- local curvature's coupling-out face in this implementation, can be to coming
From the divergence of beam of infinite far object, so that the reverse extending line of light is assembled, the object of infinity is set to be imaged on one
At fixed distance, furthered the distance between observer and image, and hence for diopter, abnormal crowd can play dioptric
Spend the effect of regulation.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of nearly optics of the eye display device of the adjustable curved surface waveguide of diopter, includes successively：
Image display light source, for providing the image information for being used for observing；
Collimation lens set, then collimate to light wave；
PBS polarization spectro components, for carrying out polarization spectro to the light wave from image display light source；
P＆S light converts component, the conversion for realizing P polarization light and S-polarization light；
P＆S light splitting selects component, in order that light wave is equably covered on coupling-in face；
Micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates, for carrying out total reflection propagation to light wave；
Micro- local curvature's coupling-out face, exports outer to substrate and the angle of visual field is extended and right for coupling transmission light wave
Diopter is adjusted；
Wherein, image display light source is located at the right side of micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates, and PBS polarization spectros component is located under display light source
, respectively there is a P＆S light conversion component side in the lower section and right of polarization spectro component, respectively there is a collimation lens set, P＆S thereafter
Light splitting selection component is then positioned at the left side of polarization spectro component.
2. optical display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
PBS polarization spectro components make S-polarization light launch at reflecting surface, and make P polarization light wholly transmissive.
3. optical display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
P＆S light splitting selection component has the property of half-reflection and half-transmission.
4. optical display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The upper and lower surface of micro- curved surface optical waveguide substrates is constituted by concave surface.
5. optical display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Micro- local curvature's coupling-out face is that the curved-surface reflection side by some with micro- local curvature is constituted.
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