CN104597565A - Reality-augmented tooth form inlay planar waveguide optical device - Google Patents
Reality-augmented tooth form inlay planar waveguide optical device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104597565A CN104597565A CN201510036618.8A CN201510036618A CN104597565A CN 104597565 A CN104597565 A CN 104597565A CN 201510036618 A CN201510036618 A CN 201510036618A CN 104597565 A CN104597565 A CN 104597565A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
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Abstract
The invention provides a reality-augmented tooth form inlay planar waveguide optical device. The reality-augmented tooth form inlay planar waveguide optical device comprises an image display light source, a collimating lens, a coupling input face, a planar waveguide substrate, a saw tooth groove structure and a cover piece, wherein the image display light source is used for transmitting display optical waves used for displaying a required image, the collimating lens is used for conducting collimation on the optical waves, the coupling input face makes the collimated optical waves enter planar waveguide through coupling, the planar waveguide substrate conducts reflection spreading on the optical waves which enter the planar waveguide through coupling so as to form full-reflection optical waves, the saw tooth groove structure is used for the field expansion and an optical coupling output substrate, and the cover piece is used for eliminating shadows and improving the image definition. The reality-augmented tooth form inlay planar waveguide optical device has the advantages that the field increase is flexible, the weight is light, the structure is compact, the machining process is simple and easy to achieve and cost is low, and the reality-augmented tooth form inlay planar waveguide optical device can be used for wearable display and can be used for the fields of medical treatment ear otoscope, naked-eye 3D display, mobile communication display and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to that a kind of planar waveguide optical device, particularly a kind of visual field are large, compact conformation, lightweightly can be used for the profile of tooth that full eye penetrates the augmented reality of display and inlay planar waveguide optical device.
Background technology
For wearable optical device, for the ease of the observation of wearer, visual field is large, lightweight, the effect of enhancing display usually to require such optical system to have.Traditional helmet is dressed display and is realized based on 45o reflective structure or from axle optical texture.These structures visual field increase and the helmet overall weight in there is very large contradiction.Such as based on 45o reflective structure display system, in order to increase visual field, only having the area by increasing 45o reflecting surface to realize, this means that the weight of integral display system increases, being unfavorable for this system of application of light and flexible.
In order to reach the effect of augmented reality, the helmet is dressed display optical system and is usually utilized optical element by a distance being presented at human eye front virtual for image information, make wearer can observe the change of surrounding scenes while browsing information, thus do not affect normal behavior.The core component of this type of optical presentation system is made up of three parts: the coupling of graphical information light wave input module, information light wave transmissions substrate and image light waves coupling output display module.Therefore, large, compact conformation, the lightweight and high-resolution image display in visual field is this type of optical system key issue urgently to be resolved hurrily always.Wherein the lightweight and visual field of optical system is large particularly important.In some application, the contrast of image and the size of visual field directly have influence on the safety of observer and the integrality of obtaining information, and the comfort level of weight to wearer of display system has a great impact simultaneously.
In order to the series of problems that the contradiction and manufacturing process that solve weight and visual field in tradition wearing display optical system are brought, the profile of tooth that the present invention devises a kind of augmented reality inlays planar waveguide optical device.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the profile of tooth that the invention provides a kind of augmented reality inlays planar waveguide optical device.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
The profile of tooth of augmented reality inlays a planar waveguide optical device, it is characterized in that: comprise successively: image display light source, for sending the display light wave of display required image; Collimation lens, collimates the light wave that light source sends; Coupling-in face, is coupled into slab guide by collimated light waves; Slab guide substrate, carries out reflections propagate to the light wave be coupled into and forms total reflection light wave; Serrated slot structure, for visual field expansion and light wave coupling output substrate; Cover plate, for eliminating the appearance of ghost, improves the sharpness of image.Wherein, collimation lens is between display light source and plane wave conductive substrate, and serrated slot structure is positioned at the upper surface of slab guide substrate away from coupling-in face side, and cover plate is positioned at the top of serrated slot structure.The present invention mainly adopts total reflection principle, micro-toothed surface primary event image-forming principle, coating technique and nanofabrication technique to realize.Light from image display light source incides coupling-in face after collimation lens collimation, enters into slab guide substrate through refraction.Adopt prism to change the principle in light transmition direction, make light with the condition of satisfied total reflection, in slab guide substrate, be transferred to the position needing display translation losslessly.Because serrated slot structure is positioned at the position of display translation, the total reflection transmission conditions of light in slab guide have been broken in the existence of this structure, through the primary event imaging of micro-shape flank of tooth, make light wave coupling output to outside slab guide, thus enter into the visual field of observer.And from the light of surrounding scenes, the reflection through slab guide substrate upper and lower surface and serrated slot structure directly enters into human eye, thus observe while achieving image information and surrounding scenes.
Planar waveguide optical device provided by the invention, also has such feature: in effective clear aperture of coupling-in face, evaporation has corresponding multi-layered antireflection coating, and the outside surface spin coating of coupling-in face has corresponding reflectance coating.
Planar waveguide optical device provided by the invention, also has such feature: the toothed surfaces of serrated slot structure needs to be worked into minute surface (surfaceness R
athe wavelength dimension in imaging should be less than, as 10-20nm) effect, serrated slot structure is identical with the material of cover plate, and uses suitable optical glue to bond between, as the ultraviolet glue of index matching.
Planar waveguide optical device provided by the invention, also has such feature: two inclined-planes of the sawtooth unit of serrated slot structure and the angle β of surface level
-c1with β
-c2between meet following relation:
β
-c2=90°－ β
-c1。
Planar waveguide optical device provided by the invention, also has such feature: axial principal ray meets following relation between the displacement L1 and the total length L 2 of broached-tooth design of the backhaul reflection of waveguide upper and lower surface:
L1 ≥ L2。
Compared with existing imaging system, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: visual field increases flexibly, lightweight structure is compact, processing technology is simple and easy to realize, with low cost.These beneficial effects make the present invention compared with traditional 45o reflective display system, and the contrast of image is improved, and the volume and weight of imaging system is reduced.Under identical volume, the visual field of optical system of the present invention is larger, and light wave coupling efficiency is higher, manufacturing process is more simple, cost is lower, structure is also compacter small and exquisite.Optical system of the present invention can not only be used for wearable display, also can be used for the numerous areas such as medical otoscope, bore hole 3D display, mobile communication display.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device;
Fig. 2 is the light transmition schematic diagram of the optical presentation system based on 45o reflective structure;
Fig. 3 is the slab guide substrate schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device;
Fig. 4 is the broached-tooth design schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device;
Fig. 5 is the light transmition schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device broached-tooth design place;
Fig. 6 is that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device broached-tooth design place rete spin coating schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays the light transmition schematic diagram of planar waveguide optical device in cover plate;
Fig. 8 is the structural parameters schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device;
Fig. 9 is the curve map that spin coating rete reflectivity that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device changes with incident angle;
Figure 10 is the curve map of spin coating rete reflectivity with wavelength variations that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device; And
Figure 11 is that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays the integrated simple eye application schematic diagram of planar waveguide optical device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific works process of the present invention is described.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device.As shown in Figure 1, the system composition of optical device of the present invention comprises: image display light source 10, collimation lens 11, coupling-in face 12, slab guide substrate 13, serrated slot structure 14, cover plate 15.The light wave that image display light source 10 sends, incide after the collimation of collimation lens 11 on coupling-in face 12, enter into slab guide substrate 13 by the reflection of coupling surface to propagate, light arrives in serrated slot structure 14 after certain light path, break the total reflection condition of light, make coupling light export substrate, and due to the existence of cover plate 15, avoid the appearance of ghost, improve the sharpness of image.
The basic structure of planar waveguide optical device of the present invention is made up of six parts, can expand accordingly for embody rule to ingredient of the present invention, thus the further potentiality of raising system in embody rule.Corresponding illustrative explanation is given in effect below for the present invention's six parts:
Image display light source 10 is wearing in display application system the image information mainly provided for observing.And the image display light source of main flow has DLP, LCD, OLED, Lcos etc. at present.Different display techniques corresponds to different display requirements.On volume, be tending towards microminiaturized in order to the one-piece construction of display system can be made, and consider the homogeneity of light source each point brightness, export the factor such as restriction of light efficiency and brightness requirement and resolution and size, the light source that usual selection volume is suitable, brightness uniformity, resolution are high as the display light source of micro display system, as Lcos.In order to meet the requirement such as optical design and Film Design, usually understand with polaroid before display light source, for changing the polarization state of the light wave from display system.But this weakens greatly by the overall light efficiency causing entering waveguide display systems.But, the light efficiency of liquid crystal on silicon Lcos be enough to meet apply requirement accordingly.Can select CF-Lcos or CS-Lcos according to concrete requirement for liquid crystal on silicon Lcos, mainly there is marked difference in both in resolution.With the resolution of the CS-Lcos of size usually above CF-Lcos.
Collimation lens 11 mainly collimates the light wave that image display light source sends.Wearing in display application, human eye, as final image information receiver, needs to collimate to reach the actual requirement that human eye freely loosens viewing to the light wave from image.General employing optical spherical lens collimates light wave, but due to the existence of optical aberration, image also exists astigmatism, aberration such as the distortion curvature of field, coma etc. after lens, collimation lens is needed to require to carry out strict aberration correction according to application for this reason, to reaching desirable imaging effect, otherwise the final resolution of optical system will be affected, make human eye cannot clearly watch real image information.Because common spherical mirror is when correcting aberration, the lens combination needing different materials and radius-of-curvature forms, and this can make the weight and volume of whole system increase.Therefore usually adopt aspheric mirror to complete the rectification of aberration, due to when correcting aberration, single aspheric mirror can realize, thus the one-piece construction of the system of giving and weight bring benefit.Due to the development of contemporary optics, free form surface technology is also applied in aberration correction, therefore can realize the requirement of optical system microminiaturization in conjunction with free form surface technology.
Coupling-in face 12 adopts the principle of mirror-reflection to utilize prism to change the direction of propagation of light.Image light waves is made to propagate into another desired position from a position by prism in imaging systems.From the light of colimated light system after coupling-in face 12, the reflection through coupling-in face enters into slab guide substrate.Owing to have employed inclined-plane, light wave is coupled, makes it enter substrate, can effectively avoid the reflection ray occurred due to the existence of aberration on the impact of original image picture element.Generally for the coupling input efficiency improving further light wave, can in effective clear aperture of coupling-in face the corresponding multi-layered antireflection coating of evaporation.The light-wave energy entering into optical waveguide substrates can be improved further additionally by the corresponding reflectance coating of outside surface spin coating at coupling-in face.
The rapidoprint of slab guide substrate 13 has a variety of, and as glass material JGS1, JGS2, K9, BK7 etc., plastic material has PET, PMMA etc.Due to refractive index, the abbe number difference of often kind of material, cause the transmitance of the cirtical angle of total reflection, material, absorb absorption coefficient and vary in weight.Consider the restriction of practical application condition, need to select according to specific requirement.The condition of demand fulfillment total reflection when light wave is propagated in the substrate, to ensure that light does not reflect substrate, the absorption of material to light-wave energy itself should be reduced as far as possible simultaneously, otherwise a large amount of light-wave energies can be made to lose and the visibility of effect diagram picture in transmitting procedure.Planar substrate material itself limits the scope of the image transmitted in the substrate in addition, in order to expand the scope of transmitting image, usually plate the rete of certain reflectivity according to demand at substrate surface or select the light of firefly glass material of high index of refraction, give certain expansion to the angle of total reflection of material.For this reason, the optical material possessing appropriate index, transmitance and mechanical property selected usually by the material of slab guide substrate, as plastics acrylic PMMA.And plastics acrylic PMMA(n
d=1.49) the cirtical angle of total reflection is 42.2o, higher than general K9 glass (n
d=1.52) cirtical angle of total reflection 41.8o, the in addition lighter in weight of PMMA, for K9 glass and the PMMA plastics of equal volume, the weight of PMMA is the half of K9 glass, and this advantage can be used for alleviating the weight of dressing display application equipment.
Serrated slot structure 14 for realize visual field expansion and by light wave coupling output to outside substrate.Light wave arrives serrated slot structure 14 transmit certain distance in slab guide substrate after, the outside surface spin coating of the sawtooth rete of certain reflectivity, thus light is reflected, and deviate from original transmission direction, makes the energy of a part reflect substrate.Bond owing to adopting suitable optical glue between serrated slot structure 14 and cover plate 15, as the ultraviolet glue of index matching, therefore a part of light resumes broadcast entering into the equivalent refractive index medium relaying be made up of cover plate 15 and ultraviolet glue along original light transmission direction, and the light reflecting substrate will enter into human eye and form required image information.The reflection that existence due to serrated slot structure can make whole toothed surfaces all realize light, can cover the most surfaces of substrate, thus achieve the expansion of observer visual field, i.e. the expansion of emergent pupil through the light of reflection.The visual field expansion tooth-shape structure of this kind of mode is easy to realize in processing technology.But tooth-shape structure surface working needs to reach minute surface (surfaceness R
athe wavelength dimension of imaging should be less than, as 10-20nm) effect, otherwise the sharpness of image can be made to reduce due to irreflexive existence.Usual tooth-shape structure adopts the way such as injection moulding, diamond cut to realize, and the corresponding surfaceness of these processing technologys all meets the demands.
Cover plate 15, for eliminating the appearance of ghost, improves the sharpness of image.Enter into waveguide relaying resume defeated imaging because the light entering into air through the refraction of serrated slot structure can carry out secondary reflection at the outside surface of tooth-shape structure, this will cause the appearance of ghost, affect the sharpness of original image.The prism effect cover plate 15 that disappears adopts the material identical with serrate slot structure, and is undertaken gluing together by suitable optical glue, as the ultraviolet glue of index matching between cover plate and serrated slot structure.Maintenance transmission direction continues to transmit in the medium be made up of cover plate and ultraviolet glue by the light of such serrated slot refraction unchangeably, thus avoids the appearance of ghost, drastically increases the sharpness of image.
The profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays job step and the exemplary application of planar waveguide optical device:
Fig. 2 is the light transmition schematic diagram of the optical presentation system based on 45o reflective structure.Traditional this optical presentation system based on 45o reflective structure is made up of coupling-in face Surf-input, the substrate upper and lower surface Surf1 be parallel to each other and Surf2 and coupling-out face Surf-output.
β
-145°=45°
Wherein, β
-145 °for the angle of coupling-in face Surf-input and substrate lower surface Surf2.
β
-245°=45°
Wherein, β
-245 °for the angle of coupling-out face Surf-output and substrate top surface Surf1.
After arriving coupling-in face Surf-input from the light beam 20 of the same object point of image display light source, reflection through coupling-in face enters into substrate, now need to ensure that the angle of reflection ray and substrate top surface normal is greater than the cirtical angle of total reflection of substrate, thus make light can be totally reflected propagation in the substrate.Light beam arrives coupling-out face Surf-output after transmitting certain light path in the substrate, and through the reflection in first face, segment beam reflects substrate and forms imaging beam 21, and another part light beam then can continue transmission in the substrate.The light beam meeting and second reflecting surface that continue transmission meet, and are then reflected substrate and form imaging beam 22.Although light beam 21 and light beam 22 are from same object point, but through the reflection of output face, the direction in space of light beam 21 and light beam 22 occurs with the form of symmetry, become the light that two, space object point sends, result in the appearance of ghost, have impact on the sharpness of original image.In order to avoid the appearance of ghost, need to eliminate light beam 22, need to remove the second reflecting surface for this reason, this will cause the reduction observing visual field, thus cannot observe general image.In order to expand visual field, can increase the thickness H-45 of substrate, make H-45 become original twice, just can keep the equivalent effect with original visual field like this, this becomes original twice by causing the overall weight of display system.Need to adopt new mode to improve, with the weight of mitigation system for this reason.
Fig. 3 is the slab guide substrate schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device.In order to make image information export in set position, corresponding optical waveguide substrates must be used realize.As shown in Figure 3, the planar substrate that this profile of tooth is inlayed is made up of upper and lower surface 31 and 32, broached-tooth design 33 and the light elongated end 34 be parallel to each other.For the upper and lower surface 31 and 32 of substrate, the requirement of basic optical processing must be met in roughness, the depth of parallelism and flatness etc., otherwise cannot will transmit according to the requirement of mirror-reflection in the substrate due to light, cause the angle of light beam after coupling output substrate from same object point to be greater than the resolution of human eye, thus reduce sharpness and the contrast of image.Broached-tooth design 33 plays key effect when light exports, and must meet the requirement of minute surface to the processing of this structure, and the sharpness of such guarantee image can not reduce.Light elongated end 34 has been mainly used in transmission to residual ray and loss, the contrast of output image can be improved like this, otherwise the imaging beam of the imaging beam of secondary reflection and primary event superposes, Polaroid acutance and the reduction of contrast can be caused.
Fig. 4 is the broached-tooth design schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device.The expansion at horizontal field of view angle and the display translation of image mainly realize by means of mirror-reflection principle, make it output to outside optical waveguide substrate by the path changing light transmission.As shown in Figure 4, this broached-tooth design is made up of a series of miniature sawtooth unit 40.The enlarged diagram of miniature sawtooth unit 40, as shown in Fig. 4 lower left corner, is made up of two smooth bevel Surf-b and Surf-s mutually tilted.Inclined-plane Surf-s mainly changes the transmission path of light, makes its coupling output waveguide, and inclined-plane Surf-b makes light continue to propagate by original path.In order to avoid causing diffraction effect to cause the sharpness of original image to reduce because the distance W-H between Surf-b and Surf-s is too small, the length of usual W-H should be greater than 1um.In order to the continuation of the deflection and original path that realize light transmition path, the pass that in figure, each parameter need meet is:
W-H = sin(β
-c1)/h + sin(β
-c2)/h
Wherein, β
-c1and β
-c2be respectively the angle of inclined-plane Surf-s and Surf-b and surface level, h is the height of sawtooth.By β
-c1and β
-c2existence, the height h of sawtooth should be not excessive, otherwise will cause the angle that cannot form needs between inclined-plane Surf-s and Surf-b, finally affects the requirement of optical design.
The expansion of field angle, the quantity mainly by means of broached-tooth design realizes.Due to the appearance of broached-tooth design, light reflection can be made to become the reflection in multiple reflection face by single reflecting surface, the area of emergent pupil will be increased like this.By increasing the area of emergent pupil, the increase of range of observation can be realized.
Fig. 5 is the light transmition schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device broached-tooth design place.Slab guide 51 is arranged in air, and because the refractive index of optical waveguide substrates material is different from air, light, at sawtooth reflecting surface place, catadioptric effect can occur, and causes the secondary reflection of light.Transmission ray 50 in waveguide is going out sawtooth reflecting surface Surf-s with the sawtooth reflecting surface Surf-s rear portion light refraction that meets, and a part of light 52 is reflected substrate and forms image information.The light reflecting Surf-s resumes at air dielectric relaying to be broadcast until meet with sawtooth inclined-plane Surf-b, and then is refracted and enters broached-tooth design and again incide on inclined-plane Surf-s.Finally reflect substrate by the transmitting of Surf-s, form secondary imaging light beam 53.The light 52 and 53 reflecting substrate, owing to there is angle, causes the light from same object point no longer to converge at some imagings, therefore causes the appearance of ghost, had a strong impact on sharpness and the contrast of original image, light 53 must be eliminated for this reason.
Fig. 6 is that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device broached-tooth design place rete spin coating schematic diagram.In order to eliminate the appearance of the ghost light shown in Fig. 5, have employed the scheme adding cover plate and the spin coating of film system and realizing.As shown in Figure 6, cover plate 63 adopts the materials processing identical with substrate 61 refractive index to form.If bi-material exists refringence, by the appearance of ghost caused in Fig. 5, the resolution that effect diagram picture is final.By adopting the multilayer film of set reflectivity to realize for spin coating.The film that usual employing has certain reflectivity can realize the film system of certain reflectivity as single aluminium film, considers the factor such as fastness and compactness of rete, can adopt the spin coating scheme of assembly of thin films.By after the outside surface spin-coating film system 62 of sawtooth, the requirement of certain reflectivity can be realized.In addition, cover plate and broached-tooth design are undertaken gluing together by suitable optical glue, as the ultraviolet glue of index matching, in order to avoid there is ghost because refractive index is different.Adopt aforesaid way, can ghost be eliminated, thus avoid the reduction of picture contrast.
Fig. 7 is that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays the light transmition schematic diagram of planar waveguide optical device in cover plate.In order to avoid the reduction of the picture contrast that ghost causes, Fig. 6 have employed the scheme adding cover plate and the spin coating of film system, and light transmition now as shown in Figure 7.Light 70 arrives sawtooth inclined-plane Surf-s through the transmission of substrate, through the reflection of Surf-s, some light 71 reflects substrate and forms image information, some light 72 continues the additional agents entering into cover plate and ultraviolet glue composition according to original path, thus avoids the impact of secondary imaging on original image.
Fig. 8 is the structural parameters schematic diagram that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device.In order to realize the requirement of above-mentioned optical design, should meet some requirements between substrate and the structural parameters of sawtooth, otherwise will the resolution of final image, contrast and sharpness be caused to lose actual meaning.As shown in Figure 8, the corresponding relation of each parameter is:
β
-sur2= 2*β
-sur1
γ
-c= β
-sur1
β
-c1=β
-sur1
Wherein, β
-sur1for the angle of coupling-in face and optical waveguide substrates lower surface, β
-sur2for the angle of axial principal ray and waveguide upper and lower surface normal, γ
-cfor the angle of axial principal ray and sawtooth reflecting surface normal.
In order to make to enter cover plate light as far as possible produce ghost and reduce the loss of energy, two inclined-planes of sawtooth and the angle of surface level need meet:
β
-c2=90°－ β
-c1
The appearance of ghost image can be avoided by above-mentioned condition as far as possible.
L1 ≥ L2
L2=N*(W-H)
L1=2H1*cot( β
-sur2)
Wherein, L1 is the displacement of axial principal ray in the backhaul reflection of waveguide upper and lower surface, and L2 is the total length of broached-tooth design, and H1 is the thickness of waveguide, and N is total number of broached-tooth design.When the length of L1 is greater than L2, axial principal ray can make most Energy Coupling output to outside substrate through primary event, can also carry out the expansion of emergent pupil simultaneously, and then extended field of view, otherwise will cause the appearance of ghost image due to the secondary reflection of light.
In order to further illustrate the relation of above-mentioned parameter, with actual parameter, spy illustrates that sawtooth inlays the principle of waveguide: get and work as β
-sur1when=30 °,
β
-sur2=60°
γ
-c=30°
β
-c1=30°
β
-c2=60°
The thickness choosing waveguide is: H1=4.5mm, W-H=1.08mm then:
L1=15.59mm
L2=13.75mm
Now, the horizontal field of view of waveguide expands to 17.2 °, and the thickness of waveguide is only 4.5mm, and traditional optical presentation system is under identical horizontal field of view, and the duct thickness of needs is 9mm, and by contrast, the present invention dramatically reduces the weight of waveguide.Increase visual field as needed further and can meet corresponding demand by the thickness increasing waveguide.
Fig. 9 is the curve map that spin coating rete reflectivity that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device changes with incident angle.For the size that the waveguide in Fig. 8 example is corresponding, work as β
-sur1when=30 °, the field angle α in corresponding waveguide
-fovfor ± 7 °.As shown in Figure 9, when wavelength is 550nm, when incident angle is, for P polarized light, its corresponding reflectivity monotone decreasing, and for S polarized light, its corresponding reflectivity monotone increasing.This feature is conducive to when designing spin coating rete, P polarization light reflectance is reduced while improving S polarization light reflectance, be conducive to light-wave energy and be coupled out substrate in a large number through primary event, eliminate the impact of light, this is because because the existence of mismachining tolerance may cause parasitic light when reflecting along backlight road through the light of sawtooth reflecting surface.
Figure 10 is the curve map of spin coating rete reflectivity with wavelength variations that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays planar waveguide optical device.For the size that the waveguide in Fig. 8 example is corresponding, work as β
-sur1when=30 °, incident angle should design centered by 30 ° during design spin coating rete.As shown in Figure 9, when incident angle is 30 °, be the light wave of 440nm-680nm corresponding to wavelength, its P polarization light reflectance is about 50%, S polarization light reflectance is about 80%, and the light wave therefore for each wavelength incided on serrated face can be coupled out outside substrate to a great extent.
Figure 11 is that the profile of tooth of augmented reality of the present invention inlays the integrated simple eye application schematic diagram of planar waveguide optical device.As shown in figure 11,110 connecting lines, 112 that to be display controller, 111 be connects display controller and display source be the mirror holder, 113 of carrying display source and collimation lens is display light source, 114 be collimation lens, 115 be slab guide substrate, 116 be zigzag structure, 117 be cover plate structure.Its groundwork process is: display controller 110 sends corresponding display information, by the form of light wave, information is passed after display light source 113 receives display information, by the collimation of collimation lens 114, light wave is coupled in slab guide substrate 115, light wave is transferred to zigzag structure 116 position in slab guide, be coupled outside output waveguide substrate, be and then refracted in the visual field of observer.By by the designing requirement of above-mentioned a few part according to physical construction, be assembled in spectacle-frame and show for simple eye penetration.By assembly of the present invention is used for wearable display, the pictorial information needing display can be watched on the one hand in real time, simultaneously because assembly of the present invention does not adopt special diaphragm to stop entering of external scene light completely, the change of outside scenery therefore can also be observed.Moreover waveguide device can be added respectively on the two sides of common spectacles frame according to concrete requirement, show for eyes 3D.The material chosen due to the present invention is partial to the less PMMA optical plastic of density, when therefore dressing display for eyes, can not bring uncomfortable impression in weight to wearer.
The effect of embodiment and effect:
The profile of tooth of the augmented reality that the present embodiment provides is inlayed in planar waveguide optical device due to reflection that the existence of serrated slot structure makes whole toothed surfaces can realize light, light through reflecting can cover the most surfaces of substrate, thus achieve the expansion of observer visual field, i.e. the expansion of emergent pupil.
The profile of tooth of the augmented reality that the present embodiment provides is inlayed in planar waveguide optical device and add the cover plate identical with sawtooth material outside serrated slot structure, and serrated slot structure with employ the ultraviolet glue identical with both refractive indexes between cover plate and glue together, thus avoid the appearance of the ghost caused due to secondary reflecting imaging, thus provide sharpness and the contrast of image.
The profile of tooth of the enhancing display that the present embodiment provides is inlayed planar waveguide optical device and is not adopted special diaphragm to stop entering of external scene light completely, therefore, when this optical device is applied to wearable display, not only can watch the pictorial information needing display in real time, the change of outside scenery can also be observed.
Claims (5)
1. the profile of tooth of augmented reality inlays a planar waveguide optical device, comprises successively:
Image display light source, for sending the display light wave of display required image;
Collimation lens, collimates the light wave that display light source sends;
Coupling-in face, is coupled into slab guide by collimated light waves;
Slab guide substrate, carries out reflections propagate to the light wave be coupled into and forms total reflection light wave;
Serrated slot structure, for visual field expansion and light wave coupling output substrate;
Cover plate, for eliminating the appearance of ghost, improves the sharpness of image,
Wherein, collimation lens is between display light source and plane wave conductive substrate, and serrated slot structure is positioned at the upper surface of slab guide substrate away from coupling-in face side, and cover plate is positioned at the top of serrated slot structure.
2. optical device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In effective clear aperture of coupling-in face, evaporation has corresponding multi-layered antireflection coating, and the outside surface spin coating of coupling-in face has corresponding reflectance coating.
3. optical device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The toothed surfaces of serrated slot structure needs the effect being worked into minute surface (surface roughness Ra should be less than the wavelength dimension of imaging), and serrated slot structure is identical with the material of cover plate, and uses suitable optical glue to glue together between.
4. optical device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Two inclined-planes of the sawtooth unit of serrated slot structure and the angle β of surface level
-c1with β
-c2between meet following relation:
β
-c2=90°－ β
-c1。
5. optical device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Axial principal ray meets following relation between the displacement L1 and the total length L 2 of broached-tooth design of the backhaul reflection of waveguide upper and lower surface:
L1 ≥ L2。
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