CN104285783A - Seed selection method of E. urophylla*E. Grandis clone DH32-13 - Google Patents
Seed selection method of E. urophylla*E. Grandis clone DH32-13 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seed selection method of E. urophylla*E. Grandis clone DH32-13. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a female parent Eucalyptus urophylla U16 and a male parent Eucalyptus grandis G46 are taken as parents, and subjected to castration, bagging, pollen collection, artificial pollination, bag removing, seed collecting, seeding and seed selection to obtain the E. urophylla*E. Grandis clone DH32-13 with consistent characters, stable inheritance and not subjected to character segregation. The E. urophylla*E. Grandis clone DH32-13 has the characteristics of straight stem form, neat forest phase, small branches, no plant diseases and insect pests, large annual average stand volume, remarkable economic benefits, and capability of being suitable for being planted in large-area regions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant breeding, particularly a kind of selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind.
Background technology
Eucalyptus (
eucalyptus) have another name called You Jiali tree, originate in Australia, introduce China in 1890, the history in Guangxi province development eucalyptus plantation existing more than 100 years, after the eighties in last century, has introduced large quantities of eucalypt species and provenance, carry out nearly hundred researchs, achieve large quantities of scientific and technological achievement; Meanwhile, eucalyptus brings abundant economic benefit, and according to statistics, east gate eucalyptus is introduced a fine variety 15 achievements such as improvement and high-yield culture technique research and obtains the progressive prize in national forestry portion and autonomous region, obtains direct economic benefit and reaches more than 100 hundred million yuan.Eucalyptus cultivated area expands year by year in Guangxi province, this thinks that eucalyptus has following advantage relative to other forest: (1) strong adaptability, eucalyptus can grow under lean soil and arid climate, all achieve the establishing in large scale of eucalyptus in the area such as the arid area of India, east gate, Guangxi, and achieve huge economic benefit; (2) easily breed, eucalypt species easily hybridizes the good species cultivated and exceed parent, in recent years, eucalypt species increases greatly, the kind of current eucalyptus popularity has more than 20, and eucalyptus easily carries out the vegetative propagation such as cuttage or tissue cultures, substantially increases two kinds of utilization rates; (3) growth is fast, output is high, eucalyptus still can produce rapidly under severe conditions, timber yield is high, according to analysis, the eucalyptus height of tree grows about 5 meters every year, and tail Diameter growth can reach 4 centimetres, in Brazil, eucalyptus plantation output brings up to 40 cubic metres/hectare/years of this century from 30 cubic metres/hectare/years of the nineties in last century; (4) updating ability is strong, and eucalyptus can sprout and upgrade a new generation after felling, and second generation rudiment can utilize the root system of the first generation, and output is higher; (5) purposes is wide, and eucalyptus is a lot of timber, wood-based plate, paper oar material raw material, simultaneously can also as nectar source seeds and ornamental trees and shrubs; (6) remarkable in economical benefits, according to relevant research, the input-output ratio of plantation eucalyptus can reach 1:6, and does not need a large amount of artificial inputs, and therefore, plantation eucalyptus is reasonable investment concerns at present.
China has many eucalypt specieses at present, as Eucalyptus urophylla, alpine ash, blue gum, eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. dunnii, Wang An etc., can produce multiple industrial timber; China enters Ecological Society, the strategy of sustainable development is subject to world's more and more national and public attention and accreditation, equally, the strategy of sustainable development of China's forestry is also instructing countries in the world development Modern Forestry, but is subject to the impact of eucalypt species, although China eucalyptus many kinds growing ability is strong, but because the felling cycle is short, instant eucalyptus regeneration capacity is strong, due to felling year after year and crop rotation, many eucalyptus growing areas are made to afforest not, severe water and soil erosion.Therefore, development of new eucalypt species, can ensure timber and other downstream links supply abundance, eucalyptus can be made again to accumulate biomass and promoted rapidly, within the short period, realize greening, the eucalyptus plantation for Subtropic of China area develops be about to face one new problem.Inventor is through for many years to the research of eucalypt species seed selection work, and by working to the male parent hybridization of female parent seed selection of multiple eucalypt species, find that tail alpine ash is a kind of valuable economic forest, ecological forest kind, this arboreal growth phase is short, green hill can be made to afforest at three months to five months after plantation, within 6 years, can cut down, normal condition next mu of forest land can cut down 10 cubes; This tree is of many uses simultaneously: the timber that tail footpath is more than 25 centimetres, sells international market, can as fine paper raw material; Less than 25 centimeters, tail footpath can be used as plywood raw material; Tail footpath can be used as at the bottom of building mould at about 8 centimeters; Less also can be used as section, but how excellent, the dimensionally stable of Breeding Traits, not easily producer sudden change, much remains to be done to meet again the eucalypt species of national strategy developing direction.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind, to seek, a kind of fast grow is strong, biological accumulation amount is large, proterties is excellent and the eucalyptus new varieties of inheritance stability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Tail alpine ash clone DH32-13(
e. urophylla × E. grandis) selection of kind, with east gate Eucalyptus urophylla select tree U16(
eucalyptus urophylla) as maternal, using east gate alpine ash select tree G46 as male parent (
eucalyptus grandis); Obtaining the Characters through emasculation bagging, collection pollen, artificial pollination, removal bagging, seed collecting sowing and seed selection consistent, there is not the tail alpine ash DH32-13 kind of trait segregation in genetic stability.
Maternal east gate Eucalyptus urophylla select tree U16(
eucalyptus urophylla) originate in Indonesia, by forest farm, east gate, Guangxi, Eucalyptus urophylla Provenance Trial (E24) is set up to exotic tree, carry out seeds and individuality selects excellent, select maternal U16.
Male parent east gate alpine ash select tree G46(
eucalyptus grandis) draw from Australia, the seeds of being set up exotic tree respectively by forest farm, east gate, Guangxi and fertilizer test (E9), carry out seeds and individuality selects excellent, select male parent G46.
Parent selection criteria is: in progeny test test, general performance is excellent, form is logical straight, branch is little, forest form in good order, without damage by disease and insect.
Maternal east gate Eucalyptus urophylla select tree U16
(Eucalyptus urophylla)feature: growth is fast, trunk is logical straight, and bark surface is coarse, bottom rufous, and top canescence, branch is little.
Male parent east gate alpine ash select tree G46(
eucalyptus grandis) feature: growth is fast, and trunk is logical straight, and bark surface is smooth in canescence.
Select reason: Parent fast growing, individual volume are large, form is logical straight, and material is good, strong adaptability.
Described emasculation bagging is: selected 3 years these U16 of breeder mother of investigation are bloomed situation, blooms on a small quantity when observing tree has, most of bud, bud have green to become yellow-white and formed north lid come off ring time, carry out emasculation, while emasculation, carry out bagging isolation.In South China, Eucalyptus urophylla blossom phenophase, in annual 8-10 month, can be bloomed situation in investigating by the end of August maternal U16.
Described collection pollen is: selected 4 years these G46 of own father of investigation are bloomed situation, bloom on a small quantity when observing tree has, during major part bud, bud have green to become yellow-white and formed north lid come off ring time, artificial collection has the branch of bud, water planting 1-2 days in laboratory, pollen collecting is carried out in indoor, in drying basin, use silica dehydrator after 1 day the pollen collected, proceed in dactylethrae according to access times (secondary amounts can complete pollination 200-300 bud), store front double-layer plastic bag to install, under being placed in low temperature shading environment, and sack of obturaging, prevent water suction.If short, storage temperature keeps 0-5 DEG C; Long storage periods temperature remains on-20 DEG C ~-18 DEG C, and the improper meeting of Pollen preservation makes it lose activity, and takes out time to be used by usage amount.Described short is: period of storage is within 1 year, and described long storage periods is, period of storage was more than 1 year.In South China, alpine ash blossom phenophase, in annual 7-8 month, can be investigated male parent G46 in early July and to bloom situation.
Described artificial pollination is: after selected parent's bagging, remove bagging after 2-3 days, maternal column cap secretes transparent viscous liquid, now carries out first time pollination, puts cloth bag immediately after pollination; Second time pollination is carried out again after 2-3 days; During pollination, in dactylethrae, pick male parent flower pesticide with absorbent cotton, directly pollen is spread upon on maternal column cap, after pollination, put cloth bag immediately.
Described removal bagging is: in artificial pollination after 1 week, observes column cap and the style of pollination, until remove bagging after the dry blackening of column cap and style.
Described seed collecting sowing is: collect seed: in pollination after 90 days, and ovary surface across splits, and seed maturity can pluck seed; Sowing: mix seed and sterile fine earth thoroughly rear being evenly sprinkling upon on seedbed, seedbed builds as follows: with the pallet composition seedbed of 50cm × 50cm, tray bottom pad one deck newspaper, cultivate soil to be made up of the building ash of the grains of sand+20% of the yellow soil+30% of 50%, in advance with 1000-1500 times of liquid potassium permanganate by pallet and soil disinfection.Temperature requirement 26-30 DEG C, 5 hours sunshine, humidity 80%.
Described seed selection is: transplant when seed grows 3 pairs of true leaves on seedbed and cultivate to mud bag cup, the medium of mud bag cup kind consists of: 70% yellow soil+25% coal ash+5% perlite.Cultivate 1-2 month at mud bag cup, grow to 25-30cm high, afforest, set up the test of hybridization eucalyptus progeny test; Select hybrid generation defect individual, obtain fine individual plant DH32-13 eucalypt species; Carry out cuttage and tissue culture propagation to this kind, and do 2-3 clone comparative trial, finally select tail alpine ash clone DH32-13, this kind year Stock growth is in test had outstanding performance, and has potentiality to be exploited.
Selection criteria: in clonal test test, general performance is excellent, form is logical directly, forest form is neat, branch is little, without damage by disease and insect, average annual accumulation is large, and economic benefit is obvious, is applicable to wide area popularizing planting.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) select original producton location Australia and Indonesia's eucalyptus provenance as parent, choose seeds in South China of China, the tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 obtained by hybridization and clone exploitation, the Characters is consistent, and genetic stability, trait segregation does not occur.
(2) the tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 form obtained is logical directly, forest form is neat, branch is little, without damage by disease and insect, average annual accumulation is large, and economic benefit is obvious, can adapt to multiple weather conditions, is applicable to wide area popularizing planting.
Embodiment
Inventor in forest farm, east gate, Guangxi, forest farm, Yangshan is state-ownedly sent in Bobai forest farm, Guangxi, forest farm, state-run peak, Guangxi, Guangxi, the seed selection of eucalyptus new varieties has been carried out in five areas, state-run seven forest farm, slope, Guangxi and the practice of breeding and popularization.Detailed process is as follows:
(1) maternal: to introduce a collection of Indonesia provenance 8, in 3-4 month Raining season wooding in 1985 67 mu, set up test E24 Eucalyptus urophylla Provenance Trial, investigates survival rate within one week and completes after-culture after afforestation;
Male parent: introduce a collection of Australian provenance 20, in 3-4 month Raining season wooding in 1984 55.0 mu, the test E9 seeds of foundation and fertilizer test, investigates survival rate within one week and completes after-culture after afforestation.
Seeds are carried out and individuality selects excellent in the E24 provenance test set up, select maternal U16, male parent G46 is selected in the E9 seeds of having set up and fertilizer test, selection criteria: in provenance test contrast, plant batch general performance excellent, form is logical straight, branch is little, forest form in good order, without damage by disease and insect, average annual accumulation is large.
(2) emasculation bagging: to bloom situation in investigating 3 years selected these U16 of breeder mother by the end of August, bloom on a small quantity when observing tree has, most of bud, bud have green to become yellow-white and formed north lid come off ring time, carry out emasculation, while emasculation, carry out bagging isolation.
(3) pollen is gathered: to bloom situation in 4 years these G46 of own father that early July investigation is selected, bloom on a small quantity when observing tree has, during major part bud, bud have green to become yellow-white and formed north lid come off ring time, artificial collection has the branch of bud, water planting 1-2 days in laboratory, pollen collecting is carried out in indoor, in drying basin, use silica dehydrator after 1 day the pollen collected, according to access times, namely, one secondary amounts can complete pollination 200-300 bud, proceed in dactylethrae, store front double-layer plastic bag to install, under being placed in low temperature shading environment, and sack of obturaging, prevent water suction, if short, storage temperature keeps 0-5 DEG C, long storage periods temperature remains on-20 DEG C ~-18 DEG C, takes out time to be used by usage amount.
(4) artificial pollination: remove bagging after 2-3 days after selected parent's bagging, maternal column cap secretes transparent viscous liquid, now carries out first time pollination, puts cloth bag immediately after pollination; Second time pollination is carried out again after 2-3 days; During pollination, in dactylethrae, pick male parent flower pesticide with absorbent cotton, directly pollen is spread upon on maternal column cap, after pollination, put cloth bag immediately.
(5) remove bagging: after pollinating 1 week, observe column cap and the style of pollination, until remove bagging after the dry blackening of column cap and style.
(6) seed collecting sowing: collect seed: in pollination after 90 days, ovary surface across splits, and seed maturity can pluck seed; Sowing: mix seed and sterile fine earth thoroughly rear being evenly sprinkling upon on seedbed, seedbed builds as follows: with the pallet composition seedbed of 50cm × 50cm, tray bottom pad one deck newspaper, cultivate soil to be made up of the building ash of the grains of sand+20% of the yellow soil+30% of 50%, in advance with 1000-1500 times of liquid potassium permanganate by pallet and soil disinfection.Temperature requirement 26-30 DEG C, 5 hours sunshine, humidity 80%.
(7) seed selection: transplant when seed grows 3 pairs of true leaves on seedbed and cultivate to mud bag cup, the medium of mud bag cup kind consists of: 70% yellow soil+25% coal ash+5% perlite.Cultivate 1-2 month at mud bag cup, grow to 25-30cm high, afforest, set up the test of hybridization eucalyptus progeny test; Select hybrid generation defect individual, obtain fine individual plant DH32-13; Carry out cuttage and tissue culture propagation to this kind, and do 3 years (2002-2004) clone comparative trials, Afforestation Time completes at 5-7 rainy season in month, adopts seeding row spacing 4 × 2.0m, 4 × 2.2m, 3 × 2.5m.
Selection criteria: in clonal test test, general performance is excellent, form is logical directly, forest form is neat, branch is little, without damage by disease and insect, average annual accumulation is large, and economic benefit is obvious, is applicable to wide area popularizing planting.
Regional test result shows, in the duncan's test of the average per hectare accumulation of live standing tree between different clones, DH32-13 is mean stand height 24.52m respectively, mean DBH increment 17.7cm, and average per hectare accumulation reaches 45m
3/ hm
2above, fast growing, rotation short (industrial fiber material); Form is logical directly, branch is little, forest form is neat; Material is good, and texture is straight, barren-resistant, is applicable to large area region plantation.
The tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 new varieties obtained and male parent, maternal eucalyptus are carried out to record and the calculating of the eucalyptus height of tree, the volume of timber and accumulation.
Table 1:6.5 raw eucalyptus Tree height growth investigation result
Table 2:6.5 raw eucalyptus breast diameter growth investigation result
Table 3:6.5 raw eucalyptus accumulation maturation history result
Can find out from table 1,2,3, the tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 obtained in 6.5 years the raw height of tree, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and accumulation relative to male parent and maternal gap obvious, and the significance difference opposite sex (P < 0.05) is remarkable, illustrate that the tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind hybrid vigour of seed selection is obvious, growth traits is excellent, and does not change through practical proof gene for many years.
Claims (9)
1. a selection for tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind, is characterized in that: using east gate Eucalyptus urophylla select tree U16 as female parent, using east gate alpine ash select tree G46 as male parent; Obtaining the Characters through emasculation bagging, collection pollen, artificial pollination, removal bagging, seed collecting sowing and seed selection consistent, there is not the tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind of trait segregation in genetic stability.
2. the selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described emasculation bagging is: selected 3 years these U16 of breeder mother of investigation are bloomed situation, bloom on a small quantity when observing tree has, major part bud, bud have green to become yellow-white and formed north lid come off ring time, carry out emasculation, while emasculation, carry out bagging isolation.
3. the selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described collection pollen is: selected 4 years these G46 of own father of investigation are bloomed situation, bloom on a small quantity when observing tree has, during major part bud, bud have green to become yellow-white and formed north lid come off ring time, artificial collection has the branch of bud, water planting 1-2 days in laboratory, pollen collecting is carried out in indoor, in drying basin, use silica dehydrator after 1 day the pollen collected, according to access times, namely, one secondary amounts can complete pollination 200-300 bud, proceed in dactylethrae, store front double-layer plastic bag to install, under being placed in low temperature shading environment, and sack of obturaging, prevent water suction, if short, storage temperature keeps 0-5 DEG C, long storage periods temperature remains on-20 DEG C ~-18 DEG C, takes out time to be used by usage amount.
4. the selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described artificial pollination is: remove bagging at selected parent's bagging after 2-3 days, maternal column cap secretes transparent viscous liquid, now carry out first time pollination, after pollination, put cloth bag immediately; Second time pollination is carried out again after 2-3 days; During pollination, in dactylethrae, pick male parent flower pesticide with absorbent cotton, directly pollen is spread upon on maternal column cap, after pollination, put cloth bag immediately.
5. the selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described removal bagging is: in artificial pollination after 1 week, observes column cap and the style of pollination, until remove bagging after the dry blackening of column cap and style.
6. the selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described seed collecting sowing is: collect seed: in pollination after 90 days, and ovary surface across splits, and seed maturity can pluck seed; Sowing: mix seed and sterile fine earth thoroughly rear being evenly sprinkling upon on seedbed, temperature requirement 26-30 DEG C, 5 hours sunshine, humidity 80%.
7. the selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described seedbed builds as follows: with the pallet composition seedbed of 50cm × 50cm, tray bottom pad one deck newspaper, cultivate soil to be made up of the building ash of the grains of sand+20% of the yellow soil+30% of 50%, in advance with 1000-1500 times of liquid potassium permanganate by pallet and soil disinfection.
8. the selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described seed selection is: when seed grows 3 pairs of true leaves on seedbed, transplanting to mud bag cup is cultivated, 1-2 month is cultivated at mud bag cup, grow to 25-30cm high, afforest, set up the test of hybridization eucalyptus progeny test; Select hybrid generation defect individual, obtain individual plant DH32-13 eucalypt species; Carrying out cuttage and tissue culture propagation to this fine individual plant, and do 2-3 clone comparative trial, obtain genetic stability, there is not the tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind be separated in proterties.
9. the selection of tail alpine ash clone DH32-13 kind according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the medium of described mud bag cup kind consists of: 70% yellow soil+25% coal ash+5% perlite.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105766893A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-20 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | Storage method of eucalyptus pollen and vitality measuring method of pollen stored by storage method |
| CN110012832A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-16 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | A method of Queensland nut percentage of fertile fruit is improved by artificial supplementary pollination |
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| CN105766893A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-20 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | Storage method of eucalyptus pollen and vitality measuring method of pollen stored by storage method |
| CN110012832A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-16 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | A method of Queensland nut percentage of fertile fruit is improved by artificial supplementary pollination |
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