CN104280885A - Large-exit-pupil holographic waveguide glasses system - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0174—Head mounted characterised by optical features holographic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-exit-pupil holographic waveguide glasses system. The large-exit-pupil holographic waveguide glasses system comprises a mini-type display part, a collimating lens part and a holographic waveguide grating part, the mini-type display part is a mini-type displayer, the collimating lens part is a collimating lens set composed of multiple lenses, and the holographic waveguide grating part is composed of a coupling input grating and a coupling output grating. Through structural design of the mini-type displayer, the collimating lens set and the holographic waveguide grating part, large-exit-pupil imaging of high uniformity can be achieved, and the exit pupil range is the area of the coupling output grating. The mini-type display part, the collimating lens part and the holographic waveguide grating part are fixed with a mechanical structure, so that the simple large-exit-pupil holographic waveguide glasses system is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of holographical wave guide glasses, particularly relate to a kind of large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, belong to holographical wave guide display imaging field.
Background technology
20 beginnings of the century, in order to the needs that air force aims in fight, install the ring sight of band foresight for aiming at aboard, be similar to simple sighting system on early stage rifle, sight alignment is exactly the principle of work of the accurate head-up display of this very early time.Aiming afterwards in order to alleviate pilot is negative single, has just installed other sighting system aboard, has comprised Fidel Ortiz gunsight, is actually and hand-held monocular is installed aboard, pilot can be made to aim at use.At the World War II initial stage, start successively to occur the reflective aiming of collimation and servo ring of light gyro sight, primarily of Reticle assembly ring of light deflector, optical module and one piece of compound glass composition.To the sixties in 20th century, bring into use electron tube and the display of analog information disposal route and produce signal, using the electronic type head-up display of cathode-ray tube (CRT) (CRT) and digital machine as image source, utilize optical system to show.Traditional helmet-mounted display system is all by the optics refringent/reflection lens of complexity, translucent glass composition, and the image projection produced by CRT or LED, to display device at the moment, realizes human eye viewing.This display system volume is large, and Heavy Weight, comprises element many, is unfavorable for very much wearing.Recently, highly integrated hologram diffraction optical element is applied to helmet-mounted display system, and great integration makes device small-sized, light but can realize repertoire.1989 start, and the people such as professor Yamitai of Israel propose the thought that hologram diffraction optical element is applied in helmet-mounted display system.2000, professor Yamitai set up LUMUS company, was devoted to research holographical wave guide glasses, and had cooperation with US military.2006, the people such as Yamitai utilized the device of miniature collimation lens and holographic grating to achieve image propagation in the waveguide and projection.2007, the Optinvent company of France set up, and was devoted to research planar waveguide display glasses.2008, Sony developed holographical wave guide display glasses.2009, the BAE Systems company of Britain started to develop holographical wave guide display glasses, plans, in 2012, to equip to F-35 fighter plane.2012, Google company announced that product G oogle glasses have and forgets to go on the market in the end of the year.
Although holographical wave guide display glasses experienced by the development of more than 20 year, Ge great colleges and universities and research institute expand a lot of research to this, but still there is a lot of limitation, hamper the practical application of holographical wave guide display glasses.Such as, the utilization factor of the grating pair luminous energy in holographical wave guide display glasses, because the diffraction efficiency of holographic grating is lower, and when coupling input and coupling output light wave, all can along with energy loss.Therefore, how to improve the diffraction efficiency of holographic grating, make energy obtain Appropriate application, become a problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system.
In order to achieve the above object, this invention takes following technical scheme: compared to prior art, large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system provided by the invention comprises miniature display section, collimation lens part and holographical wave guide grating part, described miniature display section is miniscope, described collimation lens part is collimation lens set, and collimation lens set is made up of multiple lens, and described holographical wave guide grating part is by input grating and the coupling output optical grating constitution of being coupled.
The present invention is claimed one large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system also, comprises miniature display section, collimation lens part and holographical wave guide grating part, and described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system also comprises computer; Described holographical wave guide grating part is connected with collimation lens part, and described collimation lens part is connected with miniature display section, and described miniature display section connects described computer;
Described miniature display section is miniature OLED display, miniature OLED display is connected computer, by adjusting the resolution 800X600 of display translation, to realize in computer image in the display of OLED, by being regulated color and the contrast of OLED in computer by software, realize the partial-compensation of OLED to holographical wave guide dispersion;
Described collimation lens part is collimation lens set, and collimation lens set is made up of multiple lens, and diameter is 20mm, and focal length is 40mm;
Described holographical wave guide grating part is by input grating and the coupling output optical grating constitution of being coupled, coupling input raster size is 20mm × 20mm, coupling input raster size is 20mm × 50mm, coupling input grating and coupling output grating distance are 30mm, whole glass waveguide is of a size of 40mm × 110mm, thickness is 2.5mm, modulate at the light wave having different light intensity without region in the plane of specifying, plane wave interference is restrainted with another, realize making the different same grating of diffraction efficiency simultaneously, realize the even diffraction outgoing of light wave, making obtains described coupling input grating and coupling output grating,
The light sent from miniature display section becomes directional light after collimation lens part, and then be irradiated to coupling input holographical wave guide grating part, through holographical wave guide grating portion diffracts, directional light changes the direction of propagation, the waveguide of coupling base light, realize propagating by total reflection principle in optical waveguide, and enter human eye in the output of coupling output optical grating diffraction.
Wherein, the method for concrete calculating zones of different different diffraction efficiency is as follows:
Want to make light wave all and outgoing, then need to make coupling output grating have different diffraction efficiencies in zones of different, the diffraction efficiency M calculated in M region by formula (1) is
Wherein M is the number of diffraction output area, and η 1 is the diffraction efficiency in first region, if hypothesis does not have loss and an in the end complete coupling output in region in the transmission, obtains (1)
Wherein Mtot is the number in total coupling output region;
According to coupled wave theory, the size of diffraction efficiency is relevant with the index modulation size of hologram recording material, as formula (3):
Wherein nmo is refractive index modulation degree, and d is the thickness of hologram recording material, and λ is wavelength, and CR, CI are respectively two bundle incident lights to the degree of tilt of screen periods.Refractive index modulation degree can be obtained by formula;
Light intensity is converted into pure phase-plate and calculates the interval supposing that refractive index modulation degree is directly proportional to the light intensity of exposure at it, then according to formula
wherein, ξ=FrT
-1{ Ae
i α, ang (...) refers to and asks argument, obtains according to parsing
with
obtain Ae
i α,
Change the light intensity for realizing into two pieces of phase informations be loaded on pure position phase SLMs to calculate.
The present invention is to the structural design passed through miniscope, collimation lens set and holographical wave guide, and can realize the large emergent pupil imaging of high uniformity, emergent pupil scope is the area of coupling output grating.Three parts are fixed by physical construction, easy large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system can be obtained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is holographical wave guide glasses system overall schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is collimation lens set two-dimensional representation;
Fig. 2 b is collimation lens set schematic three dimensional views;
Fig. 3 a is collimation lens schematic diagram in kind;
Fig. 3 b is straight lens mirror structural representation;
Fig. 4 is optical waveguide design structural drawing;
Fig. 5 is zones of different diffraction efficiency figure;
Fig. 6 is zones of different refractive index scheduling graph;
Fig. 7 is numerical simulation gained phase board figure;
Fig. 8 a and 8b is numerical simulation design sketch;
Fig. 9 a is normalization exposure light intensity error analysis figure;
Fig. 9 b is refractive index modulation degree error analysis figure;
Figure 10 is grating image principle schematic.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, for making object of the present invention, technical scheme and effect clearly, clearly, developing simultaneously referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment
The disclosed large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system of the present embodiment, comprise miniature display section, collimation lens part and holographical wave guide grating part, described miniature display section is miniscope, described collimation lens part is collimation lens set, collimation lens set is made up of multiple lens, and described holographical wave guide grating part is by input grating and the coupling output optical grating constitution of being coupled.
As shown in Figure 1, want to realize holographical wave guide and be shown as picture, general arrangement probably can be divided into three parts, comprises miniature display section, collimation lens part and holographical wave guide grating part.The light sent from miniscope becomes directional light after collimation lens, and then be irradiated to coupling input grating, through optical grating diffraction, directional light changes the direction of propagation, the waveguide of coupling base light, realize propagating by total reflection principle in optical waveguide, and enter human eye in the output of coupling output optical grating diffraction.
1, miniscope
Because the technology of miniscope is relatively ripe, achieve suitability for industrialized production, directly commercially miniscope.Especially require higher to the luminous intensity of OLED according to the actual requirements, and the factor such as the cost performance of product, select Beijing Hua Zhibao to become the HZ061MM-SVGA of Electronic Science and Technology Co., Ltd., parameter is:
0.61”OLED?panel，800X600pixels，12.8X9.0?display?area?Monochrome?white?display?550-800cd/m2?luminance?Analog?SVGA(800x600)signal?input?DC?5V?input＜100mA。
Miniature OLED display being connected computer, by adjusting the resolution 800X600 of display translation, image can be realized in computer in the display of OLED.By being regulated color and the contrast of OLED in computer by software, can realize the partial-compensation of OLED to holographical wave guide dispersion, the image that eye-observation is arrived is more true to nature.
2, collimation lens
Collimation lens plays electric light source collimation OLED minitype displayer sent and propagates in holographical wave guide glasses for plane wave.In order to the low aberration that security reserve lens are introduced, low dispersion, the present invention designs preparation lens.As shown in Figure 2, be collimation lens set, the parameter had is: focal length 30mm, pore size: 20mm.
If design more complicated lens combination, or make the higher lens combination of precision, the image quality of holographical wave guide glasses can be improved, but cost of manufacture will rise greatly.And if time not too high to the requirement of primary products, to the aberration that lens cause, distortion and dispersion are not too responsive, the simplest cemented doublet can be adopted to realize the collimation of light, and as shown in Figure 3, parameter is: diameter 20mm, focal length 40mm.
3, large emergent pupil holographic grating waveguide
As shown in Figure 10, holographical wave guide grating utilizes grating diffration principle, and diffraction light is passed through total reflection principle, make it enter in substrate of glass to form waveguide to propagate, after running into another block grating, then equally by grating diffration principle, from waveguide, go out to inject the eyes of people.Such people can observe scenery at a distance through glass, can observe the image formed by waveguide again simultaneously.
Below the structure of holographical wave guide grating is designed, as shown in Figure 4, coupling input raster size is 20mm × 20mm and d1=20mm, coupling input raster size is 20mm × 50mm, d2=50mm, coupling input grating and coupling output grating distance are 1=30mm, and the size of whole glass waveguide is about 40mm × 110mm, and thickness is 2.5mm.
Want to make holographical wave guide grating have the character of large emergent pupil, topmost problem makes the light intensity of multiple total reflection coupling outgoing homogeneous, so just need the diffraction efficiency of each coupling output different, if utilize traditional holographic production method, the grating that very difficult realization makes simultaneously has different diffraction efficiencies not existing together.The people such as Leon Eisen are when making holographic grating, and make use of the intensity of the different mask plate of gray scale to light modulates, thus realize different exit area and have different diffraction efficiencies.But the trade union that adds of this kind of method mask plate brings a series of error, and especially there will be the diffraction at edge, and cost compare is high, manufacture craft is loaded down with trivial details.The method utilizing interference modulations that the present invention proposes, can modulate in the plane of specifying at the light wave having different light intensity without region, restraint plane wave interference with another, can realize making the different same grating of diffraction efficiency simultaneously, thus realize the even diffraction outgoing of light wave.
1. the calculating of zones of different different diffraction efficiency
Want to make light wave all and outgoing, then need to make coupling output grating have different diffraction efficiencies in zones of different, the diffraction efficiency M that can be obtained in M region by following formulae discovery is
Wherein M is the number of diffraction output area, and η 1 is the diffraction efficiency in first region, if hypothesis does not have loss and an in the end complete coupling output in region in the transmission, can obtain (1)
Wherein Mtot is the number in total coupling output region.Overall coupling output diffraction efficiency as shown in Figure 5.
According to coupled wave theory, the size of diffraction efficiency is relevant with the index modulation size of hologram recording material, following formula:
Wherein nmo is refractive index modulation degree, and d is the thickness of hologram recording material, and λ is wavelength, and CR, CI are respectively two bundle incident lights to the degree of tilt of screen periods.Can obtain refractive index modulation degree by formula, by formula (1), (2), (3) can obtain refractive index modulation degree as shown in Figure 6.
Light intensity is converted into pure phase-plate and calculates the interval supposing that refractive index modulation degree is directly proportional to the light intensity of exposure at it, then according to formula
wherein, ξ=FrT
-1{ Ae
i α, ang (...) refers to and asks argument, obtains according to parsing
with
obtain Ae
i α,
Can the light intensity for realizing be changed into two pieces of phase informations be loaded on pure position phase SLMs to calculate.
3. the analytical calculation of error
Define following formula and carry out analytical error
Wherein I ' (m, n) is the intensity distributions after adding error, I (m, n) be do not add intensity after error distribution.
4. numerical simulation
In order to verify the feasibility of the method, invention has been numerical simulation calculation, the parameter of employing is: wavelength is the distance of 632.8nm, SLM and holographic dry plate is 200mm, and Pixel Dimensions is that the size of 500 × 2100, SLMs is 76.8mm × 76.8mm.Can be calculated and be loaded into pure phase mehtod in spatial light modulator as shown in Figure 7.
Both are by interfering, and can generate light intensity as the result of Fig. 8 in the plane of interfering.When not considering error, fit like a glove with the light intensity of design.If consider the error run in experiment, such as, if the random fluctuation of 5% be added into original pure position mutually in, light distribution and refractive index modulation degree can be obtained, as shown in Figure 7.The error utilizing formula (1) to calculate is 1.4%.Through repeatedly simulating, error has probably dropped between 1.1%-4.2%.This means that the error that the fluctuation of this small amount of position phase run in an experiment brings can be ignored substantially.Aim at the error caused also simulate about in experiment, if aiming at cheap amount is 0.1%, error can reach 19.7%, and this illustrates very high to alignment request to two spatial light modulators of this experiment, and this is also a difficult problem in Experiments of Optics.The last impact of pitch angle on error also simulating two spatial light modulators, when pitch angle is 0.5%, error can reach 11.4%, also can know, this method is also very high to the requirement of the degree of tilt of SLMs.So actual carry out Experiments of Optics time, the technology of double exposure can be adopted.
The present invention is to the structural design passed through miniscope, collimation lens set and holographical wave guide, and can realize the large emergent pupil imaging of high uniformity, emergent pupil scope is the area of coupling output grating.Three parts are fixed by physical construction, easy large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system can be obtained.
The present invention is to the one-piece construction of holographical wave guide glasses system design and analysis in addition, and by the structural design to miniscope, collimation lens set and holographical wave guide, can realize the large emergent pupil imaging of high uniformity, emergent pupil scope is the area of coupling output grating.Three parts are fixed by physical construction, the model machine of easy large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system principle can be obtained.
Be understandable that, for those of ordinary skills, can be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, and all these change or replace the protection domain that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, it is characterized in that: described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system comprises miniature display section, collimation lens part and holographical wave guide grating part, described miniature display section is miniscope, described collimation lens part is collimation lens set, collimation lens set is made up of multiple lens, and described holographical wave guide grating part is by input grating and the coupling output optical grating constitution of being coupled.
2. a large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, comprises miniature display section, and collimation lens part and holographical wave guide grating part, is characterized in that:
Described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system also comprises computer; Described holographical wave guide grating part is connected with collimation lens part, and described collimation lens part is connected with miniature display section, and described miniature display section connects described computer;
Described miniature display section is miniature OLED display, miniature OLED display is connected computer, by adjusting the resolution 800X600 of display translation, to realize in computer image in the display of OLED, by being regulated color and the contrast of OLED in computer by software, realize the partial-compensation of OLED to holographical wave guide dispersion;
Described collimation lens part is collimation lens set, and collimation lens set is made up of multiple lens, and diameter is 20mm, and focal length is 40mm;
Described holographical wave guide grating part is by input grating and the coupling output optical grating constitution of being coupled, coupling input raster size is 20mm × 20mm, coupling input raster size is 20mm × 50mm, coupling input grating and coupling output grating distance are 30mm, whole glass waveguide is of a size of 40mm × 110mm, thickness is 2.5mm, modulate at the light wave having different light intensity without region in the plane of specifying, plane wave interference is restrainted with another, realize making the different same grating of diffraction efficiency simultaneously, realize the even diffraction outgoing of light wave, making obtains described coupling input grating and coupling output grating,
The light sent from miniature display section becomes directional light after collimation lens part, and then be irradiated to coupling input holographical wave guide grating part, through holographical wave guide grating portion diffracts, directional light changes the direction of propagation, the waveguide of coupling base light, realize propagating by total reflection principle in optical waveguide, and enter human eye in the output of coupling output optical grating diffraction.
3. as the large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the method for concrete calculating zones of different different diffraction efficiency is as follows:
Want to make light wave all and outgoing, then need to make coupling output grating have different diffraction efficiencies in zones of different, the diffraction efficiency M calculated in M region by formula (1) is
Wherein M is the number of diffraction output area, and η 1 is the diffraction efficiency in first region, if hypothesis does not have loss and an in the end complete coupling output in region in the transmission, obtains (1)
Wherein Mtot is the number in total coupling output region;
According to coupled wave theory, the size of diffraction efficiency is relevant with the index modulation size of hologram recording material, as formula (3):
Wherein nmo is refractive index modulation degree, and d is the thickness of hologram recording material, and λ is wavelength, and CR, CI are respectively two bundle incident lights to the degree of tilt of screen periods.Refractive index modulation degree can be obtained by formula;
Light intensity is converted into pure phase-plate and calculates the interval supposing that refractive index modulation degree is directly proportional to the light intensity of exposure at it, then according to formula
wherein, ξ=FrT
-1{ Ae
ia, ang(...) refer to and ask argument, obtain according to parsing
with
obtain Ae
ia,
Change the light intensity for realizing into two pieces of phase informations be loaded on pure position phase SLMs to calculate.
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Cited By (19)
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| CN104614857A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-13 | 佛山市智海星空科技有限公司 | Large-exit pupil holographic wave-guide glasses system |
| CN104614870A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-13 | 佛山市智海星空科技有限公司 | Method for implementing holographic waveguide grating large exit pupil |
| CN104777535A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-07-15 | 东南大学 | Multiplexed volume holographic grating |
| CN105137598A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-09 | 浙江大学 | Transparent display screen, manufacturing method thereof, optical system and applications |
| CN105487170A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-04-13 | 东南大学 | Holographic optical waveguide and holographic optical waveguide display device |
| CN105652448A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-08 | 上海理湃光晶技术有限公司 | Planar waveguide imaging device and method |
| CN105898276A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-24 | 北京理工大学 | Near-to-eye three-dimensional display system based on non-periodic holographic microlens array |
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| CN114280790A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-05 | 材料科学姑苏实验室 | Diffraction light waveguide device and near-to-eye display equipment |
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