CN104614857A - Large-exit pupil holographic wave-guide glasses system - Google Patents
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- CN104614857A CN104614857A CN201510029661.1A CN201510029661A CN104614857A CN 104614857 A CN104614857 A CN 104614857A CN 201510029661 A CN201510029661 A CN 201510029661A CN 104614857 A CN104614857 A CN 104614857A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-exit pupil holographic wave-guide glasses system. The large-exit pupil holographic wave-guide glasses system comprises a micro-display part, a collimating lens part and a holographic wave-guide grating part, the micro-display part is a micro-display, the collimating lens part is a collimating lens group, the collimating lens group is composed of a plurality of lenses, and the holographic wave-guide grating part is composed of a coupling input grating and a coupling output grating. The large-exit pupil holographic wave-guide glasses system is capable of realizing high-uniformity large-exit pupil imaging through the micro-display, collimating lens group and holographic wave-guide structure design, and the exit pupil range is the area of the coupling output grating. The simple large-exit pupil holographic wave-guide glasses system can be obtained through fixing the micro-display part, collimating lens part and holographic wave-guide grating part through mechanical structures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of holographical wave guide glasses, particularly relate to a kind of large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, belong to holographical wave guide display imaging field.
Background technology
20 beginnings of the century, in order to the needs that air force aims in fight, install the ring sight of band foresight for aiming at aboard, be similar to simple sighting system on early stage rifle, sight alignment is exactly the principle of work of the accurate head-up display of this very early time.Aiming afterwards in order to alleviate pilot is negative single, has just installed other sighting system aboard, has comprised Fidel Ortiz gunsight, is actually and hand-held monocular is installed aboard, pilot can be made to aim at use.At the World War II initial stage, start successively to occur the reflective aiming of collimation and servo ring of light gyro sight, primarily of Reticle assembly ring of light deflector, optical module and one piece of compound glass composition.To the 60's of 20th century, bring into use electron tube and the display of analog information disposal route and produce signal, using the electronic type head-up display of cathode ray tube (CRT) and digital machine as image source, utilize optical system to show.Traditional helmet-mounted display system is all by the optics refringent/reflection lens of complexity, translucent glass composition, and the image projection produced by CRT or LED, to display device at the moment, realizes human eye viewing.This display system volume is large, and Heavy Weight, comprises element many, is unfavorable for very much wearing.Recently, highly integrated hologram diffraction optical element is applied to helmet-mounted display system, and great integration makes device small-sized, light but can realize repertoire.1989 start, and the people such as professor Yamitai of Israel propose the thought that hologram diffraction optical element is applied in helmet-mounted display system.2000, professor Yamitai set up LUMUS company, was devoted to research holographical wave guide glasses, and had cooperation with US military.2006, the people such as Yamitai utilized the device of miniature collimation lens and holographic grating to achieve image propagation in the waveguide and projection.2007, the Optinvent company of France set up, and was devoted to research planar waveguide display glasses.2008, Sony developed holographical wave guide display glasses.2009, the BAE Systems company of Britain started to develop holographical wave guide display glasses, plans, in 2012, to equip to F-35 fighter plane.2012, Google company announced that product G oogle glasses are expected to go on the market in the end of the year.
Although holographical wave guide display glasses experienced by the development of more than 20 year, Ge great colleges and universities and research institute expand a lot of research to this, but still there is a lot of limitation, hamper the practical application of holographical wave guide display glasses.Such as, the utilization factor of the grating pair luminous energy in holographical wave guide display glasses, because the diffraction efficiency of holographic grating is lower, and when coupling input and coupling output light wave, all can along with energy loss.Therefore, how to improve the diffraction efficiency of holographic grating, make energy obtain Appropriate application, become a problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system.
In order to achieve the above object, this invention takes following technical scheme: compared to prior art, large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system provided by the invention comprises miniature display section, collimation lens part and holographical wave guide grating part, described miniature display section is miniscope, described collimation lens part is collimation lens set, and collimation lens set is made up of multiple lens, and described holographical wave guide grating part is by input grating and the coupling output optical grating constitution of being coupled.
In described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system also comprises computer, described holographical wave guide grating part is connected with collimation lens part, and described collimation lens part is connected with miniature display section, and described miniature display section connects described computer;
Described miniature display section is miniature OLED display, miniature OLED display is connected computer, by adjusting the resolution 800 × 600 of display translation, to realize in computer image in the display of OLED display, by regulating color and the contrast of miniature OLED display in computer, realize the partial-compensation of miniature OLED display to holographical wave guide dispersion.
In described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, described lens are pore size is 20mm, and focal length is the lens of 30 mm or 40mm.
In described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, described coupling input raster size is 20mm × 20mm, and coupling output raster size is 20mm × 50mm, and coupling input grating and coupling output grating distance are 30mm, whole glass waveguide is of a size of 40mm × 110mm, and thickness is 2.5mm.
In described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, the light wave having different light intensity in zones of different is modulated in plane, plane wave interference is restrainted with another, realize making the different same grating of diffraction efficiency simultaneously, realize the even diffraction outgoing of light wave, make and obtain described coupling input grating and coupling output grating.
In described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, coupling output grating has different diffraction efficiencies in zones of different, calculates the diffraction efficiency in M region by formula (1)
mfor
（1）
Wherein M is the number of diffraction output area, η
1be the diffraction efficiency in first region, if there is no loss and an in the end complete coupling output in region in the transmission, obtain (2)
（2）
Wherein M
totfor the number in total coupling output region;
The size of diffraction efficiency is relevant with the index modulation size of hologram recording material, obtains formula (3)
（3）
Wherein n
mofor refractive index modulation degree, d is the thickness of hologram recording material, and λ is wavelength, C
r, C
ibe respectively two bundle incident lights to the degree of tilt of screen periods; By formula (1), (2), (3) calculate and obtain refractive index modulation degree.
7, large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, light intensity is converted into the interval that pure phase-plate calculating refractive index modulation degree is directly proportional to the light intensity of exposure at it, then according to formula
,
wherein,
,
refer to and ask argument, obtain according to parsing
with
obtain
,
Light intensity is changed into two pieces of phase informations be loaded on pure position phase SLMs to calculate.
The present invention is to the structural design passed through miniscope, collimation lens set and holographical wave guide, and can realize the large emergent pupil imaging of high uniformity, emergent pupil scope is the area of coupling output grating.Three parts are fixed by physical construction, easy large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system can be obtained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is holographical wave guide glasses system overall schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is collimation lens set two-dimensional representation;
Fig. 3 is collimation lens mirror structural representation;
Fig. 4 is optical waveguide design structural drawing;
Fig. 5 is zones of different diffraction efficiency figure;
Fig. 6 is zones of different refractive index scheduling graph;
Fig. 7 is numerical simulation gained phase board figure;
Fig. 8 is numerical simulation design sketch;
Fig. 9 is normalization exposure light intensity error analysis figure and refractive index modulation degree error analysis figure;
Figure 10 is grating image principle schematic.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, for making object of the present invention, technical scheme and effect clearly, clearly, developing simultaneously referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment
The disclosed large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system of the present embodiment, comprise miniature display section, collimation lens part and holographical wave guide grating part, described miniature display section is miniscope, described collimation lens part is collimation lens set, collimation lens set is made up of multiple lens, and described holographical wave guide grating part is by input grating and the coupling output optical grating constitution of being coupled.
As shown in Fig. 1, want to realize holographical wave guide and be shown as picture, general arrangement probably can be divided into three parts, comprises miniature display section 10, collimation lens part 20 and holographical wave guide grating part 30.The light sent from miniscope becomes directional light after collimation lens, and then be irradiated to coupling input grating, through optical grating diffraction, directional light changes the direction of propagation, the waveguide of coupling base light, realize propagating by total reflection principle in optical waveguide, and enter human eye in the output of coupling output optical grating diffraction.In the present embodiment, add computer 40, miniature OLED display is connected computer, by adjusting the resolution 800 × 600 of display translation, to realize in computer image in the display of OLED display, by regulating color and the contrast of OLED display in computer, realize the partial-compensation of miniature OLED display to holographical wave guide dispersion.
1, miniscope
Because the technology of miniscope is relatively ripe, achieve suitability for industrialized production, directly commercially miniscope.Especially require higher to the luminous intensity of OLED according to the actual requirements, and the factor such as the cost performance of product, select Beijing Hua Zhibao to become the HZ061MM-SVGA of Electronic Science and Technology Co., Ltd., parameter is:
0.61” OLED panel, 800X600pixels, 12.8X9.0 display area Monochromewhite display 550-800cd/m2 luminance Analog SVGA(800x600) signal input DC 5V input <100mA。
Miniature OLED display being connected computer, by adjusting the resolution 800X600 of display translation, image can be realized in computer in the display of miniature OLED display.By being regulated color and the contrast of miniature OLED display in computer by software, can realize miniature OLED display to the partial-compensation of holographical wave guide dispersion, the image that eye-observation is arrived is more true to nature.
2, collimation lens
Collimation lens plays the electric light source collimation sent by OLED miniscope (being also miniature OLED display) and propagates in holographical wave guide glasses for plane wave.In order to the low aberration that security reserve lens are introduced, low dispersion, the present invention designs preparation lens.As shown in Fig. 2, be collimation lens set, the parameter had is: focal length is 30mm, and pore size is 20mm.
If design more complicated lens combination, or make the higher lens combination of precision, the image quality of holographical wave guide glasses can be improved, but cost of manufacture will rise greatly.And if time not too high to the requirement of primary products, to the aberration that lens cause, distortion and dispersion are not too responsive, the simplest cemented doublet can be adopted to realize the collimation of light, and as shown in Fig. 3, parameter is: diameter 20mm, focal length 40mm.
3, large emergent pupil holographic grating waveguide
As shown in Figure 10, holographical wave guide grating utilizes grating diffration principle, the diffraction light of incident grating G1 is passed through total reflection principle, make it enter in substrate of glass to form waveguide to propagate, after running into another block grating G2, then equally by grating diffration principle, from waveguide, go out to inject the eye E of people.Such people can observe scenery at a distance through glass, can observe the image formed by waveguide again simultaneously.
Below the structure of holographical wave guide grating is designed, as shown in Fig. 4, coupling input raster size is 20mm × 20mm and d1=20mm, coupling output raster size is 20mm × 50mm, d2=50mm, coupling input grating and coupling output grating distance are l=30mm, and the size of whole glass waveguide is about 40mm × 110mm, and thickness is 2.5mm.
Want to make holographical wave guide grating have the character of large emergent pupil, topmost problem makes the light intensity of multiple total reflection coupling outgoing homogeneous, so just need the diffraction efficiency of each coupling output different, if utilize traditional holographic production method, the grating that very difficult realization makes simultaneously has different diffraction efficiencies not existing together.The people such as Leon Eisen are when making holographic grating, and make use of the intensity of the different mask plate of gray scale to light modulates, thus realize different exit area and have different diffraction efficiencies.But the trade union that adds of this kind of method mask plate brings a series of error, and especially there will be the diffraction at edge, and cost compare is high, manufacture craft is loaded down with trivial details.The method utilizing interference modulations that the present invention proposes, the light wave having different light intensity in zones of different can be modulated in the plane of specifying, restraint plane wave interference with another, can realize making the different same grating of diffraction efficiency simultaneously, thus realize the even diffraction outgoing of light wave.
1. the calculating of zones of different different diffraction efficiency
Want to make light wave all and outgoing, then need to make coupling output grating have different diffraction efficiencies in zones of different, the diffraction efficiency that can obtain in M region by following formulae discovery
mfor
（1）
Wherein M is the number of diffraction output area, η
1be the diffraction efficiency in first region, if hypothesis does not have loss and an in the end complete coupling output in region in the transmission, can obtain (2)
（2）
Wherein M
totfor the number in total coupling output region.Overall coupling output diffraction efficiency is as shown in Fig. 5.
According to coupled wave theory, the size of diffraction efficiency is relevant with the index modulation size of hologram recording material, following formula:
（3）
Wherein n
mofor refractive index modulation degree, d is the thickness of hologram recording material, and λ is wavelength, C
r, C
ibe respectively two bundle incident lights to the degree of tilt of screen periods.Can obtain refractive index modulation degree by formula, by formula (1), (2), (3) can obtain refractive index modulation degree as shown in Fig. 6.
Light intensity is converted into pure phase-plate and calculates the interval supposing that refractive index modulation degree is directly proportional to the light intensity of exposure at it, then according to formula
,
wherein,
,
refer to and ask argument, obtain according to parsing
with
obtain
,
Can the light intensity for realizing be changed into two pieces of phase informations be loaded on pure position phase SLMs to calculate.
3. the analytical calculation of error
Define following formula and carry out analytical error
（4）
Wherein I ' (m, n) is the intensity distributions after adding error, I (m, n) be do not add intensity after error distribution.
4. numerical simulation
In order to verify the feasibility of the method, invention has been numerical simulation calculation, the parameter of employing is: wavelength is the distance of 632.8nm, SLM and holographic dry plate is 200mm, and Pixel Dimensions is that the size of 500 × 2100, SLMs is 76.8mm × 76.8mm.Can be calculated and be loaded into pure phase mehtod in spatial light modulator as shown in (a) and (b) of Fig. 7.
Both are by interfering, and can generate light intensity as the result of (a) and (b) of Fig. 8 in the plane of interfering.When not considering error, fit like a glove with the light intensity of design.If consider the error run in experiment, such as, if the random fluctuation of 5% be added into original pure position mutually in, light distribution and refractive index modulation degree can be obtained, as shown in (a) and (b) of Fig. 9.The error utilizing formula (1) to calculate is 1.4%.Through repeatedly simulating, error has probably dropped between 1.1%-4.2%.This means that the error that the fluctuation of this small amount of position phase run in an experiment brings can be ignored substantially.Aim at the error caused also simulate about in experiment, if aiming at cheap amount is 0.1%, error can reach 19.7%, and this illustrates very high to alignment request to two spatial light modulators of this experiment, and this is also a difficult problem in Experiments of Optics.The last impact of pitch angle on error also simulating two spatial light modulators, when pitch angle is 0.5%, error can reach 11.4%, also can know, this method is also very high to the requirement of the degree of tilt of SLMs.So actual carry out Experiments of Optics time, the technology of double exposure can be adopted.
The present invention is to the structural design passed through miniscope, collimation lens set and holographical wave guide, and can realize the large emergent pupil imaging of high uniformity, emergent pupil scope is the area of coupling output grating.Three parts are fixed by physical construction, easy large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system can be obtained.
The present invention is to the one-piece construction of holographical wave guide glasses system design and analysis in addition, and by the structural design to miniscope, collimation lens set and holographical wave guide, can realize the large emergent pupil imaging of high uniformity, emergent pupil scope is the area of coupling output grating.Three parts are fixed by physical construction, the model machine of easy large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system principle can be obtained.
Be understandable that, for those of ordinary skills, can be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, and all these change or replace the protection domain that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system, it is characterized in that, comprise miniature display section, collimation lens part and holographical wave guide grating part, described miniature display section is miniscope, described collimation lens part is collimation lens set, and collimation lens set is made up of multiple lens, and described holographical wave guide grating part is by input grating and the coupling output optical grating constitution of being coupled.
2. large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system also comprises computer, described holographical wave guide grating part is connected with collimation lens part, described collimation lens part is connected with miniature display section, and described miniature display section connects described computer;
Described miniature display section is miniature OLED display, miniature OLED display is connected computer, by adjusting the resolution 800 × 600 of display translation, to realize in computer image in the display of OLED display, by regulating color and the contrast of miniature OLED display in computer, realize the partial-compensation of miniature OLED display to holographical wave guide dispersion.
3. large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described lens are pore size is 20mm, and focal length is the lens of 30 mm or 40mm.
4. large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described coupling input raster size is 20mm × 20mm, coupling output raster size is 20mm × 50mm, coupling input grating and coupling output grating distance are 30mm, whole glass waveguide is of a size of 40mm × 110mm, and thickness is 2.5mm.
5. large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the light wave having different light intensity in zones of different is modulated in plane, plane wave interference is restrainted with another, realize making the different same grating of diffraction efficiency simultaneously, realize the even diffraction outgoing of light wave, make and obtain described coupling input grating and coupling output grating.
6. large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, coupling output grating has different diffraction efficiencies in zones of different, calculates the diffraction efficiency in M region by formula (1)
mfor
（1）
Wherein M is the number of diffraction output area, η
1be the diffraction efficiency in first region, if there is no loss and an in the end complete coupling output in region in the transmission, obtain (2)
（2）
Wherein M
totfor the number in total coupling output region;
The size of diffraction efficiency is relevant with the index modulation size of hologram recording material, obtains formula (3)
（3）
Wherein n
mofor refractive index modulation degree, d is the thickness of hologram recording material, and λ is wavelength, C
r, C
ibe respectively two bundle incident lights to the degree of tilt of screen periods; By formula (1), (2), (3) calculate and obtain refractive index modulation degree.
7. large emergent pupil holographical wave guide glasses system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, light intensity is converted into the interval that pure phase-plate calculating refractive index modulation degree is directly proportional to the light intensity of exposure at it, then according to formula
,
wherein,
,
refer to and ask argument, obtain according to parsing
with
obtain
,
Light intensity is changed into two pieces of phase informations be loaded on pure position phase SLMs to calculate.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105137598A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-09 | 浙江大学 | Transparent display screen, manufacturing method thereof, optical system and applications |
| CN107748407A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-02 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of diffraction waveguide display methods and system |
| CN108227072A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-29 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of expansion emergent pupil compact nanostructured waveguide display methods and system |
| CN108474951A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-08-31 | 深圳市柔宇科技有限公司 | Holographical wave guide display system |
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| CN105137598A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-09 | 浙江大学 | Transparent display screen, manufacturing method thereof, optical system and applications |
| WO2018157713A1 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Information display device and information display method |
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