CN102780096A - Metamaterial lens antenna - Google Patents
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- CN102780096A CN102780096A CN2011101210075A CN201110121007A CN102780096A CN 102780096 A CN102780096 A CN 102780096A CN 2011101210075 A CN2011101210075 A CN 2011101210075A CN 201110121007 A CN201110121007 A CN 201110121007A CN 102780096 A CN102780096 A CN 102780096A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a metamaterial lens antenna, comprising a radiator and a metamaterial capable of collecting electromagnetic waves, wherein the metamaterial comprises a functional layer which comprises a plurality of lamellas parallel to each other; each lamella comprises a laminated substrate and a plurality of artificial microstructures attached to the laminated substrate in array arrangement; the laminated substrate is divided into a plurality of unit blocks; each artificial microstructure and the unit block occupied by the artificial microstructure form a cell; a first region having the highest refractive index is formed in the middle of a plurality of cells of each lamella arranged in a first direction, and the refractive indexes of the cells on the two sides of the first region are gradually reduced along a direction far away from the first region, respectively; and each cell is provided with an anisotropic electromagnetic parameter. The metamaterial lens antenna adopts the metamaterial capable of collecting electromagnetic waves in stead of the lens; relatively, the antenna is simple in structure, low in cost and easy for achieving light weight; and due to the anisotropic characteristic of each cell, the emergent position of the electromagnetic wave can be controlled.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the communications field, more specifically, relate to a kind of ultra material lens antenna.
Background technology
In optics, utilize lens to make and be placed on the spherical wave that the point-source of light on the lens focus gives off, through becoming plane wave after the lens refraction.Lens antenna utilizes this principles to form.It is made up of lens and the radiator that is placed on the lens focus.
Lens antenna, the characteristic of utilizing lens to converge exactly is with the electromagnetic wave process lens that radiator gives off, the antenna of launching again behind the energy centralization.This antenna directivity is more intense.
But converging of lens is to lean on the refraction of the spherical shape of lens to realize converging, and makes the complex process of lens, and precision is not high.Lens efficiency is low, and complex structure costs an arm and a leg, and volume is heavy.
Ultra material is a kind of new material, is the base material processed by nonmetallic materials and attached on the substrate surface or be embedded in the inner a plurality of artificial micro-structural of base material and constitute.Base material can be divided into a plurality of base materials unit that rectangular array is arranged virtually; Thereby be attached with an artificial micro-structural on each base material unit and form a ultra material cell; Whole ultra material promptly by hundreds thousand of, 1,000,000 in addition more than one hundred million so ultra material cell form, just as crystal is to be made up of according to certain arranging countless lattices.Artificial micro-structural on each ultra material cell is identical or incomplete same.Artificial micro-structural is to form certain geometric cylindrical or flat wire, for example forms annular, I-shaped wire etc.
Because the existence of artificial micro-structural, each ultra material cell has effective dielectric constant and the equivalent permeability that is different from base material itself, so the ultra material that all ultra material cell constitute demonstrates special response characteristic to electric field and magnetic field; Simultaneously, concrete structure and the shape different to artificial microstructure design can change the effective dielectric constant and the equivalent permeability of its unit, and then change the response characteristic of whole ultra material.
Can converge directional light on any as lens, at the ultra material of seeking on can plane electromagnetic wave being come together even converge to a bit, just prior art is not accomplished this point to people as yet yet.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, a kind of ultra material lens antenna is provided, thereby solves existing lens antenna complex structure, costs an arm and a leg, problem such as volume heaviness.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of ultra material lens antenna; The ultra material that comprises radiator and be arranged on the radiator emitting side with electromagnetic wave aggregation feature; Said ultra material comprises a functional layer; Said functional layer comprises a plurality of lamellas that are parallel to each other; Each lamella comprises plate shape substrates and attached to a plurality of artificial micro-structural of array arrangement on the plate shape substrates, said plate shape substrates is divided into a plurality of cell blocks, and each artificial micro-structural cell block occupied with it constitutes a cell; It has the maximum first area of a refractive index a plurality of cells that each lamella is arranged along first direction in the centre position; This first area has a plurality of cells of a cell or identical refractive index, and the refractive index of the cell of these both sides, first area reduces along the direction that deviates from this first area respectively gradually, and said each cell has anisotropic electromagnetic parameter.
Further, same lamella is identical along its refractive index of a plurality of cells of arranging perpendicular to the second direction of first direction.
Further; Said ultra material has the maximum second area of a refractive index along a plurality of cells of arranging perpendicular to the third direction of sheet surfaces in the centre position; This second area has a plurality of cells of a cell or identical refractive index, and the refractive index of the cell of these second area both sides reduces along the direction that deviates from this second area respectively gradually.
Further, the refractive index of the cell of both sides, said first area is that the center is symmetrically distributed with the first area, and the refractive index of the cell of said second area both sides is that the center is symmetrically distributed with the second area.
Further, its optical axis of cell that is positioned at the first area on each lamella is parallel with second direction, and its optical axis of all cells that is positioned at the same side, first area is parallel, and the optical axis of both sides cell is symmetrical with respect to the first area.
Further, its optical axis of a plurality of cells that each lamella is arranged along first direction is rotated to both sides by the first area successively, and its optical axis of a plurality of cells of arranging along second direction is parallel.
Further, its optical axis of cell that is in the first area in a plurality of cells that each lamella is arranged along first direction is parallel with second direction, and two its optical axises of cell that are in two ends are parallel with first direction.
Further; A plurality of artificial micro-structural on each lamella has identical figure; And the maximum artificial micro-structural of size is positioned at the first area in a plurality of artificial micro-structural of arranging along first direction, and the artificial micro-structural of these both sides, first area reduces along the direction size that deviates from this first area respectively gradually.
Further, it is measure-alike for each lamella a plurality of artificial micro-structural of arranging along second direction.
Further, the maximum artificial micro-structural of size is positioned at second area in a plurality of artificial micro-structural that said ultra material is arranged along third direction, and the artificial micro-structural of these second area both sides reduces along the direction size that deviates from this second area respectively gradually.
Further, said artificial micro-structural is the rotational symmetric figure of non-90 degree.
Further, said artificial micro-structural be the plane I-shape construction or plane flakes structure.
Further, said ultra material also comprises the impedance matching layer that is arranged on the functional layer plane of incidence and/or the exit facet.
The ultra material lens antenna of embodiment of the present invention has following beneficial effect: the ultra material that utilization of the present invention has the electromagnetic wave aggregation feature replaces lens, so entire antenna comparatively speaking, and simple in structure, cost is low, is easier to lightweight.And because the anisotropic characteristic of every cell can be controlled electromagnetic outgoing position, thereby realize the for example more concentrated additional function of energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of its ultra material function layer of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is depicted as the schematic cross-section of index ellipsoid on the xy plane;
Fig. 3 is that the electromagnetic wave of its ultra material function layer of the first embodiment of the present invention converges sketch map;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of its ultra material function layer of the second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that the electromagnetic wave of its ultra material function layer of the second embodiment of the present invention converges sketch map;
Fig. 6 is the assembling sketch map of ultra material function layer provided by the present invention and impedance matching layer;
Fig. 7 is the sketch map of the alabastrine artificial micro-structural in plane;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of ultra material lens of the present invention.
Embodiment
" ultra material " is meant artificial composite structure or the composite material that some have the not available extraordinary physical property of natural material.Structurally ordered design through on the key physical yardstick of material can break through the restriction of some apparent natural law, thereby obtains to exceed the meta-materials function of the intrinsic common character of nature.
Three key characters that " ultra material " had:
(1) " ultra material " the composite material that normally has novel artificial structure;
(2) " ultra material " has extraordinary physical property (not available in the natural often material);
(3) " ultra material " character is determined by the intrinsic properties of constituent material and artificial micro-structural wherein jointly.
The present invention utilizes ultra material technology to make up a kind of ultra material lens antenna.Specific as follows:
Shown in Fig. 1 to 8, according to ultra material lens antenna of the present invention, the ultra material 300 that comprises radiator 200 and have the electromagnetic wave aggregation feature, said radiator are conventional antenna radiator, not special feature.Said ultra material comprises a functional layer 10; Said functional layer 10 comprises a plurality of lamellas that are parallel to each other 1; Each lamella 1 comprises plate shape substrates 2 and attached to a plurality of artificial micro-structural 3 of array arrangement on the plate shape substrates 2; Said plate shape substrates 2 is divided into a plurality of cell block V; Each artificial micro-structural 3 cell block V occupied with it constitutes a cell 4, and it has the maximum first area S1 of a refractive index a plurality of cells that each lamella 1 is arranged along first direction 4 in the centre position, and this first area S1 has a plurality of cells of a cell or identical refractive index; The refractive index of the cell of S1 both sides, this first area reduces along the direction that deviates from this first area S1 respectively gradually, and said each cell has anisotropic electromagnetic parameter.Each cell block can be identical square; It can be cube; Also cuboid; The length of each cell block V is of a size of below 1/5th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength (be generally wavelength 1/10th), so that whole ultra material has continuous electric field and/or magnetic responsiveness to electromagnetic wave.Each cell 4 has anisotropic electromagnetic parameter and is meant, in the cell space refraction index profile of every bit be not every all identical, its refractive index is ellipsoid and distributes, this ellipsoid is called index ellipsoid.For arbitrary given cell, can calculate its index ellipsoid through the analog simulation software and the computational methods of prior art, for example list of references Electromagnetic parameter retrieval from inhomogeneous metamaterials; D.R.Smith; D.C.Vier, T.Koschny, C.M.Soukoulis; The method of record among the Physical Review E 71,036617 (2005).Above-mentioned first direction is meant the x direction of principal axis among Fig. 1.
For artificial micro-structural with planar structure; Isotropism; Be meant on this two dimensional surface with arbitrary electromagnetic wave of unspecified angle incident, the electric field response of above-mentioned artificial micro-structural on this plane is all identical with magnetic responsiveness, also is that dielectric constant is identical with magnetic permeability; For the artificial micro-structural with three-dimensional structure, isotropism is meant that for incident electromagnetic wave on three-dimensional arbitrary direction, the electric field response of each above-mentioned artificial micro-structural on three dimensions is all identical with magnetic responsiveness.When artificial micro-structural was 90 degree rotational symmetry structures, artificial micro-structural promptly had isotropic characteristic.
For two-dimension plane structure, 90 degree rotation symmetries are meant that it revolves arbitrarily perpendicular to this plane and the rotating shaft of crossing its symmetrical centre around one and turn 90 degrees the back and overlap with original structure on this plane; For three-dimensional structure; If have 3 rotating shafts of vertical in twos and common intersection point (intersection point is a pivot); Make this structure revolve and turn 90 degrees the back and all overlaps perhaps symmetrically with an interface that then this structure is 90 to spend rotational symmetry structures with original structure with original structure around arbitrary rotating shaft.
Correspondingly, if artificial micro-structural does not satisfy plane or three-dimensional 90 degree rotation symmetries (non-90 degree rotation symmetries), then it is anisotropy (an anisotropy and three-dimensional anisotropy that two dimension is arranged equally).
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the schematic cross-section (is example with I-shaped artificial micro-structural) on the xy plane of electromagnetic incident direction of index ellipsoid, this cross section is an ellipse, n
eThe optical axis of this index ellipsoid 5 of axle expression, set two dimensional surface origin of coordinates O in index ellipsoid in the heart, with n
eAxle is the y axle, and the direction vertical with the y axle is the x axle, and index ellipsoid is used n more arbitrarily on the xy plane
x, n
yExpression, we know as common practise, its propagation constant of ripple k of the light through this index ellipsoid can be by following two formulates, i.e. k at y axle and axial two components of x
yn
xω/c, k
xn
yω/c; Wherein, ω is electromagnetic angular frequency, and c is the light velocity; Through coordinate transform, we can obtain propagation constant k and in this element lattice, also are oval and distribute, and its oval be identical shape with the ellipse of index ellipsoid on this xy plane, and quadrature on the position.In like manner, we can obtain propagation constant k and in three dimensions, also are ellipsoid and distribute, and the relation of itself and index ellipsoid is the identical and quadrature of shape.This ellipsoid of definition k is that ripple is propagated ellipsoid 6.It is thus clear that ripple is propagated ellipsoid 6 identical with index ellipsoid 5 shapes (size is not necessarily identical), and the long axis direction that ripple is propagated ellipsoid 6 is the short-axis direction of index ellipsoid, and the short-axis direction of ripple propagation ellipsoid 6 is the long axis direction of index ellipsoid.X among Fig. 2, y axle only are to propagate the definition that ellipsoid 6 is done for the efferent echo of deriving, and be different with other accompanying drawing.
Electromagnetic wave can be propagated ellipsoid through ripple through the deviation direction behind the cell 4 and draw.As shown in Figure 2; For direction incident electromagnetic wave as shown in Figure 2; Propagate on the face of ellipsoid 6 with the ripple of wanting outgoing and a bit to intersect; Do the tangent line of this joining about ripple propagation ellipsoid 6, the normal direction of the tangent line that the self intersection point is done is the electromagnetic energy s direction of propagation, so electromagnetic wave is propagated along this direction at ultra material internal energy s.When leaving ultra material, after said normal extended to and intersects with a surface (exit facet) of lamella, the intersection point on exit facet continued the edge direction outgoing parallel with incident direction to electromagnetic wave along this direction advances, and this exit direction is the electromagnetic wave phase place direction of propagation.That is to say that the ultra material of anisotropy can change the electromagnetic direction of propagation of energy that passes through wherein, and not change its phase place direction of propagation, translation takes place during the electromagnetic wave outgoing.Certainly, a prerequisite being arranged here, is exactly that refraction index profile in the ultra material is even, here be meant that evenly each cell has identical index ellipsoid.
Inhomogeneous and electromagnetic wave is anisotropic ultra material for refraction index profile, electromagnetic wave passes that its direction of propagation of energy and the phase place direction of propagation all can change behind so ultra material.Wherein, the phase place direction of propagation is by the non-uniform Distribution decision of refractive index, and direction of propagation of energy is then determined by the non-uniform Distribution of refractive index and the distribution of anisotropic cell optical axis jointly.
Related first direction refers to the direction of the row of the artificial micro-structural 3 of array arrangement on each lamella 1 among the present invention, and second direction is meant the direction of the row of above-mentioned array, and third direction is meant the direction perpendicular to sheet surfaces.In each accompanying drawing (except Fig. 2), first direction, second direction and third direction are represented with x axle, y axle and the z direction of principal axis of three-dimensional system of coordinate respectively.
Refractive index can be represented the change of electromagnetic wave propagation direction; Known refractive index
wherein μ is a magnetic permeability; ε is a dielectric constant; K gets positive and negative 1 (when k equals to bear 1, the expression negative refraction).Experiment showed, when electromagnetic wave passes through ultra material, can be to the big direction deviation of refractive index.Thus, under the immovable condition of magnetic permeability μ, the refractive index that we want can be obtained,, any convergence effect that we want can be obtained therefore through the dielectric constant of inner each cell in the appropriate design functional layer 10 through changing DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS.
Shown in Figure 1 is the structural representation of the ultra material function layer 10 of first embodiment of the invention; Said artificial micro-structural 3 is I-shaped metal micro structure; Artificial micro-structural 3 rectangular array arrangements on each lamella 1 of said functional layer 10; A plurality of artificial micro-structural 3 on each lamella 1 has identical I-shaped figure; And the maximum artificial micro-structural of size is positioned at first area S1 in a plurality of artificial micro-structural 3 of arranging along the x direction of principal axis, and remains unchanged along a plurality of artificial micro-structural 3 its sizes that the y direction of principal axis is arranged.Among the embodiment that Fig. 3 representes, S1 is a cell, and still, according to different needs, first area S1 also can be a plurality of cells with artificial micro-structural of same size.Obtain through experiment, the dielectric constant that the artificial micro-structural of same figure is showed in same cell increases and increases along with its size.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the arrange rule of the dielectric constant that is actually cell 4 of the rule of artificial microstructure size is arranged, and under the constant situation of magnetic permeability, and promptly can be considered is that the rule of cell 4 refractive indexes distributes.Therefore; In the present embodiment; It has the maximum cell of a refractive index a plurality of cells that each lamella is arranged along the x direction in the position, middle; The refractive index of the cell of these cell both sides reduces along the direction that deviates from this first area respectively gradually, and remains unchanged along a plurality of cells 4 its refractive indexes that the y direction is arranged.
In addition, as shown in Figure 3, in this enforcement, the size of a plurality of cells 4 its artificial micro-structurals 3 of arranging along the z direction of principal axis also remains unchanged, and therefore, the refractive index of a plurality of cells 4 of arranging along the z direction of principal axis also remains unchanged.And; In the present embodiment; The artificial micro-structural of S1 both sides, said first area is that symmetry axis is symmetrical set with the middle position of first area S1, and the refractive index of (cell of arranging along the x direction) is that the center is symmetrically distributed with first area S1 so that the cell of S1 both sides, said first area.
Simultaneously; As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, its optical axis of cell that is positioned at first area S1 on each lamella is parallel with the y direction; Its optical axis of all cells that is positioned at S1 the same side, first area is parallel, and the optical axis of both sides cell is symmetrical set with respect to first area S1.The optical axis direction and the y direction of S1 both sides, first area are not parallel.
In the present embodiment, because the refractive index rule of the cell of each row (x direction) is identical, therefore; Each cell all has the effect of converging (make electromagnetic wave all the time from two side positions of lamella to the centre position deviation) to electromagnetic wave, and electromagnetic wave is through behind a plurality of cells, and the deviation effect is added up; And because the anisotropic characteristic of each cell; Make that electromagnetic outgoing position can be controlled,, can control the outgoing position of electromagnetism promptly through the angle of control optical axis and x axle.Fig. 3 expresses parallel electromagnetic wave and realizes the sketch map converge after through ultra material function layer.
Shown in Figure 4 is the structural representation of the ultra material function layer of second embodiment of the invention; Said artificial micro-structural 3 is I-shaped metal micro structure; Artificial micro-structural 3 rectangular array arrangements on each lamella 1 of said functional layer 10; A plurality of artificial micro-structural 3 on each lamella 1 has identical I-shaped figure; And the maximum artificial micro-structural of size is positioned at first area S1 in a plurality of artificial micro-structural 3 of arranging along the x direction of principal axis, and remains unchanged along a plurality of artificial micro-structural 3 its sizes that the y direction of principal axis is arranged.Among the embodiment that Fig. 4 representes, S1 is a cell, and still, according to different needs, first area S1 also can be a plurality of cells with artificial micro-structural of same size.
Different with embodiment one is, like Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, in the present embodiment, a plurality of cells 4 its optical axises that each lamella 1 is arranged along the x direction are rotated to both sides by first area S1 successively, and its optical axis of a plurality of cells of arranging along the y direction is parallel.Cell 4 its optical axises that are among the S1 of first area in a plurality of cells that each lamella 1 is arranged along the x direction are parallel with the y direction, and two cells, 4 its optical axises that are in two ends are parallel with the x direction.In addition; In the present embodiment; The maximum artificial micro-structural 3 of size is positioned at second area S2 in a plurality of artificial micro-structural 3 that said ultra material is arranged along the z direction; The artificial micro-structural of this second area S2 both sides reduces along the direction size that deviates from this second area respectively gradually; The artificial micro-structural 3 of said second area S2 both sides is that symmetry axis is symmetrical set with the middle position of second area S2, and the refractive index of (cell of arranging along the z direction) is that the center is symmetrically distributed with second area S2 so that the cell of said second area S2 both sides.In other words, functional layer 10 all lamellas 1 have identical refraction index profile rule, and still, the value of refractive index is also inequality.In fact second area S2 is positioned on that middle lamella 100.
In the present embodiment,, therefore,, can realize converging through the refractive index of each cell of appropriate design because functional layer 10 has same refraction index profile rule on x and z direction.In addition, because the specific configuration of optical axis, can be so that electromagnetic wave more converges, it is more concentrated to reach electromagnetic energy.In addition, than first embodiment,, can not cause electromagnetic division because optical axis is orderly rotating successively.
The plate shape substrates 2 of functional layer 10 of the present invention can adopt ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material to process.Above-mentioned macromolecular material can be a polytetrafluoroethylene.The electrical insulating property of polytetrafluoroethylene is very good, and therefore can not produce and disturb, and have excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance electromagnetic electric field, long service life, the base material that adheres to as metal micro structure is good selection.Certainly, above-mentioned macromolecular material is composite materials such as FR-4, F4b also.
Artificial micro-structural of the present invention preferably, adopts metal micro structure, and said metal micro structure is the metal wire with certain figure.For example, metal wire such as copper cash or silver-colored line.Above-mentioned metal wire can be through etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method attached on the plate shape substrates.Certainly, also can adopt three-dimensional laser processing technology.
In addition; What Fig. 1 to 5 adopted is I-shaped artificial micro-structural, I-shapedly is non-90 degree rotation symmetric figures, and I-shaped is anisotropic a kind of simpler structure; In addition, artificial micro-structural of the present invention can also be a plane flakes structure as shown in Figure 7.Certainly, no matter be I-shaped artificial micro-structural, still the alabastrine artificial micro-structural in plane as shown in Figure 7 needs only the characteristic that it has anisotropy (the non-figure that turn 90 degrees symmetry that revolves).
We know, when electromagnetic wave passes through the interface of different medium, the partial reflection phenomenon can take place.Usually the impedance contrast of both sides medium will be big more apart from big more reflection.Because the electromagnetic reflection of part, will corresponding loss along the electromagnetic energy of the direction of propagation, have a strong impact on the distance and the signal transmission quality of electromagnetic signal propagation.
Therefore, as shown in Figure 6 among the present invention, in two above-mentioned embodiment, said ultra material can also comprise the impedance matching layer that is arranged on functional layer 10 planes of incidence and/or the exit facet.Preferably, on the plane of incidence and exit facet, all be provided with impedance matching layer (201,202).The present invention realizes impedance matching through following method; Promptly; Be positioned at impedance matching layer 201 approaching of light incident side with (for example air) impedance of contacted that side of light incident side medium and the impedance of incident medium; And the light incident side impedance near its impedance of a side of functional layer 10 and functional layer 10 of light incident side impedance matching layer 201 is approaching, and the impedance of light incident side impedance matching layer 201 changes along its impedance of direction perpendicular to functional layer continuously.And the impedance matching layer 202 that is positioned at exiting side is approaching with the impedance and the emergent medium of contacted that side of exiting side medium (for example air); And the exiting side impedance near its impedance of a side of functional layer 10 and functional layer 10 of exiting side impedance matching layer 202 is approaching, and the impedance of exiting side impedance matching layer changes along its impedance of direction perpendicular to functional layer continuously.We know that its impedance difference of different medium interface is big more, reflect strong more; Therefore, through above-mentioned impedance matching layer (201,202); Can eliminate impedance sudden change, and then reflex and electromagnetic wave energy loss problem when eliminating electromagnetic wave through the different medium interface.
Above-mentioned impedance matching layer also can be a kind of ultra material, and itself and functional layer have similar structure.It can certainly be other material with similar functions.In addition, the said impedance of this paper refers to wave impedance.
We know as long as change the ratio of magnetic permeability and dielectric constant by formula impedance
, just can change impedance.Therefore, under the equally distributed situation of the magnetic permeability of impedance matching layer, the distribution through dielectric constant can realize that the impedance matching layer internal driving distributes, and that is to say that the inner distribution of impedance of impedance matching layer can artificially design.
Combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are described above; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. ultra material lens antenna; It is characterized in that; The ultra material that comprises radiator and be arranged on the radiator emitting side with electromagnetic wave aggregation feature; Said ultra material comprises a functional layer, and said functional layer comprises a plurality of lamellas that are parallel to each other, and each lamella comprises plate shape substrates and attached to a plurality of artificial micro-structural of array arrangement on the plate shape substrates; Said plate shape substrates is divided into a plurality of cell blocks; Each artificial micro-structural cell block occupied with it constitutes a cell, and it has the maximum first area of a refractive index a plurality of cells that each lamella is arranged along first direction in the centre position, and this first area has a plurality of cells of a cell or identical refractive index; The refractive index of the cell of these both sides, first area reduces along the direction that deviates from this first area respectively gradually, and said each cell has anisotropic electromagnetic parameter.
2. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, same lamella is identical along its refractive index of a plurality of cells of arranging perpendicular to the second direction of first direction.
3. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 2; Said ultra material has the maximum second area of a refractive index along a plurality of cells of arranging perpendicular to the third direction of sheet surfaces in the centre position; This second area has a plurality of cells of a cell or identical refractive index, and the refractive index of the cell of these second area both sides reduces along the direction that deviates from this second area respectively gradually.
4. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 3; It is characterized in that; The refractive index of the cell of both sides, said first area is that the center is symmetrically distributed with the first area, and the refractive index of the cell of said second area both sides is that the center is symmetrically distributed with the second area.
5. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Its optical axis of cell that is positioned at the first area on each lamella is parallel with second direction, and its optical axis of all cells that is positioned at the same side, first area is parallel, and the optical axis of both sides cell is symmetrical with respect to the first area.
6. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 4 is characterized in that, its optical axis of a plurality of cells that each lamella is arranged along first direction is rotated to both sides by the first area successively, and its optical axis of a plurality of cells of arranging along second direction is parallel.
7. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Its optical axis of cell that is in the first area in a plurality of cells that each lamella is arranged along first direction is parallel with second direction, and two its optical axises of cell that are in two ends are parallel with first direction.
8. according to any described ultra material lens antenna of claim 5 to 7; It is characterized in that; A plurality of artificial micro-structural on each lamella has identical figure; And the maximum artificial micro-structural of size is positioned at the first area in a plurality of artificial micro-structural of arranging along first direction, and the artificial micro-structural of these both sides, first area reduces along the direction size that deviates from this first area respectively gradually.
9. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that, it is measure-alike for a plurality of artificial micro-structural that each lamella is arranged along second direction.
10. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 9; It is characterized in that; The maximum artificial micro-structural of size is positioned at second area in a plurality of artificial micro-structural that said ultra material is arranged along third direction, and the artificial micro-structural of these second area both sides reduces along the direction size that deviates from this second area respectively gradually.
11. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said artificial micro-structural is the rotational symmetric figure of non-90 degree.
12. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 11 is characterized in that, I-shape construction that said artificial micro-structural is the plane or plane flakes structure.
13. ultra material lens antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that said ultra material also comprises the impedance matching layer that is arranged on the functional layer plane of incidence and/or the exit facet.
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| CN110768021A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-07 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
| CN112751207A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
| CN112751206A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
| CN112751207B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-08-12 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
| CN111555035A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-18 | 中国航空工业集团沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Angle-sensitive metamaterial and phased array system |
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