CN101991452B - 一种直线型外科装订仪 - Google Patents

一种直线型外科装订仪 Download PDF

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CN101991452B
CN101991452B CN2010105815547A CN201010581554A CN101991452B CN 101991452 B CN101991452 B CN 101991452B CN 2010105815547 A CN2010105815547 A CN 2010105815547A CN 201010581554 A CN201010581554 A CN 201010581554A CN 101991452 B CN101991452 B CN 101991452B
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nail bin
cutting knife
slide block
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CN101991452A (zh
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陈望东
裴永旺
周婧
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Suzhou Tianchen International Medical Technology Co Ltd
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Touchstone International Medical Science Co Ltd
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Priority to US13/993,070 priority patent/US9931120B2/en
Priority to EP11847647.2A priority patent/EP2653113B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2011/083483 priority patent/WO2012075918A2/zh
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
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Abstract

本发明揭示了一种直线型外科装订仪，包括：上、下钳夹，设置在下钳夹上的钉仓，所述钉仓内设有切刀，滑块与一弹性挡位件，所述封刀片的远端设置一个可完全收容所述滑块的凹槽，当所述钉仓组件处于初始状态时，所述滑块位于弹性挡位件的顶部并产生一作用力相对作用于所述弹性挡位件，所述滑块的近端与切刀的远端邻接，当所述钉仓组件处于击发结束状态时，所述滑块完全收容于所述封刀片远端的凹槽内，所述弹性挡位件与切刀远端接触进而阻挡切刀向钉仓远端滑动。本发明结构简单，防止误击发的作用贯穿在器械被击发完毕到换上新的钉仓的整个过程中，完全避免了器械被二次误击发的可能性，安全性更高。

Description

一种直线型外科装订仪
技术领域
本发明涉及一种直线型外科装订仪，属于医疗器械技术领域。
背景技术
外科缝切器械被广泛用于外科手术中用于伤口缝合、内部组织缝合与切割，典型的外科缝切器械如美国专利US5129570所揭示，具有缝合与切割两个功能，在进行伤口缝合的同时，将多余的组织切除。该类外科缝切器械一般包括上、下两个钳夹，以及用于闭合上、下钳夹的闭合把手，相对设置在上下钳夹远端的钉砧和钉仓，设于钉仓内并可同时相对所述钉仓移动的推钉杆、推钉片和切刀，以及用于推动所述推钉片和切刀移动的推钮。所述钉仓内设置有缝合钉，所述推钉片将缝合钉推向钉砧，所述切刀将位于钉仓和钉砧之间的组织切断。
误击发动作是指在器械已被击发过一次后，再次在钉仓内无钉的情况下进行的二次击发，这样的后果是会将已经闭合好的钉进行再次挤压，造成钉的过度成形，导致闭合口不良，出现严重的医疗事故或后遗症。
为了防止此类现象产生，现有技术的外科缝切器械都会设置一种防止误击发的机构。
美国专利US5129570号揭示了一种防止误击发机构，在器械的中部设置一个带有切刀通道与推钉杆通道的保险块，在切刀下面设置弹片。当器械处于打开位置即上、下两个钳夹未闭合时，弹片将切刀弹起，使切刀无法通过切刀通道。当器械装上钉仓后，钉仓上枢轴设置的一个横杆压迫切刀顶部，使切刀克服弹片弹力，并恢复到可以通过切刀通道的位置，这时器械可以击发使用。当器械击发完毕后，切刀被拉回初始位置，此时横杆已被旋转到不能压迫切刀顶部的位置，切刀重新被弹片弹起，被卡在切刀通道内不能通过，起到防止被误击发的作用。
美国专利US7055730号揭示了另一种防止误击发机构，在切刀的头部安装一个保护套，该保护套用销连接在钉仓上，并在钮簧作用下可以绕销转动。所述保护套在器械击发前与切刀配合连接在一起，一方面起到保护刀刃的作用，另一方面保持水平使器械可以闭合。当器械击发完毕后，切刀退回到初始位置，此时保护套脱离与切刀的配合，器械一旦打开，保护套立即在钮簧作用下翻转并垂直竖立在钉砧与钉仓之间，使器械无法闭合，避免了器械被空击发的可能性。但实际上这种机构没有避免器械在击发完毕后、器械打开前被空击发可能性，所以防二次误击发的作用不是贯穿在器械击发后到换上新的钉仓的整个过程，还存在一定的手术风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有简单结构的防止误击发操作的外科缝切器械的钉仓组件。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种直线型外科装订仪，包括：上、下钳夹，设置在下钳夹上的钉仓，所述钉仓包括一个走刀槽，其内设有一可沿其轴线往复移动的切刀，所述切刀包括一切刀底面和一位于切刀远端的刀刃，所述钉仓内设有一个滑块与一弹性挡位件，所述钉仓底部的远端设置一个可收容所述滑块的收容空间，所述钉仓组件包括初始状态和击发结束状态，
当所述钉仓组件处于初始状态时，所述滑块位于弹性挡位件的顶部并产生一作用力，所述作用力限制所述弹性挡位件顶部高出切刀底面所在平面，所述滑块的近端与切刀的远端邻接，
当所述钉仓组件处于击发结束状态时，所述滑块被留在钉仓的远端，使所述弹性挡位件顶部高出切刀底面并与切刀远端接触，进而阻挡切刀向钉仓远端滑动。
进一步地，所述弹性挡位件包括弹钮和抵接于所述弹钮底部的弹簧，所述滑块在初始状态时位于所述弹钮的顶部。
进一步地，所述钉仓还包括一个通孔，所述弹钮、弹簧设置在所述通孔内，所述通孔的轴线与所述走刀槽的轴线垂直且两者相联通，所述弹钮的顶部在弹簧的作用下可伸出所述通孔。
进一步地，所述钉仓还包括一个垫块，所述垫块固定于所述钉仓上，并且所述弹簧的另一端抵在所述垫块的顶面。
进一步地，所述通孔包括一个台阶，所述弹钮包括一个凸台，所述凸台的外径大于所述台阶的内径。
进一步地，所述弹钮的顶部为楔形部。
进一步地，所述弹性挡位件包括旋转块和作用于所述旋转块上的扭簧，所述旋转块包括一个可在钉组件处于击发状态时限制所述推刀杆移动的平面，所述滑块在初始状态时位于所述旋转块的顶部。
进一步地，所述平面到旋转块的旋转轴心之间的最小距离，大于所述切刀底面到旋转块的旋转轴心之间的垂直距离。
进一步地，所述弹性挡位件为一个弹性金属片，所述弹性金属片的一端与所述钉仓底部固定连接；另一端在钉仓组件处于初始状态时抵在所述滑块的底部，在钉仓组件处于击发状态时限制所述推刀杆移动。
进一步地，所述收容空间为一凹槽，所述凹槽的宽度、高度均大于或等于所述滑块的宽度、高度；所述凹槽到通孔的最大距离小于、等于所述切刀在走刀槽内的可移动距离。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在：结构简单，防止误击发的作用贯穿在器械被击发完毕到换上新的钉仓的整个过程中，完全避免了器械被二次误击发的可能性，安全性更高。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一实施例的钉仓组件的结构示意图。
图2是图1中沿A-A的剖视图。
图3是图1中B部分的放大图。
图4是本发明第一实施例的钉仓组件的爆炸示意图。
图5是本发明第二实施例的钉仓组件在初始状态的结构示意图。
图6是本发明第二实施例的钉仓组件在击发状态的结构示意图。
其中：
1钉仓        2封刀片        3通孔
4滑块        5弹钮          6弹簧
7垫块        8切刀          9凹槽
10切刀底面   11刀刃         12台阶
13凸台       14旋转块       15扭簧
16平面
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种直线型外科装订仪，尤其是其钉仓组件，如图1-4所示的第一实施例，与现有技术一样，包括：相互固定的钉仓1和封刀片2，所述钉仓1包括一个走刀槽，其内设有一可沿其轴线往复移动的切刀8，所述切刀8包括一切刀底面10和一刀刃11。当然，钉仓1内还包括置钉孔、及置于该置钉孔内的推钉片和钉等，由于与本发明无关，因此不加描述。
【第一实施例】
所述钉仓1的近端下表面上设有一个与所述走刀槽贯通的通孔3，本发明的“前后”方向是指图中的“左右”方向，“上下”方向是指图中的“上下”方向。本优选实施例中，所述通孔3内设有一个可沿该通孔轴线往复移动的弹钮5，所述弹钮5的下方设有一个弹簧6，所述弹簧6的一端抵接于所述弹钮5，使弹钮5始终受到一个趋向于所述切刀底面10的推力。所述弹簧6的下方设有一个垫块7，所述弹簧6的一端抵接于所述垫块7的顶面，所述垫块7紧固于所述钉仓1的下表面上。这样，所述弹簧6即驱使所述弹钮5始终趋向于所述切刀8运动。
当然，也可以省略垫块7，将弹簧6的另一端直接抵接于所述封刀片2上。具体如图3所示，所述通孔3包括一个台阶12，所述弹钮5包括一个凸台13，所述凸台13的外径大于所述台阶12的内径，这样即使弹簧6的作用力一直作用在所述弹钮5上，所述弹钮5也不会背弹出于所述通孔3。进一步地，如图所示，弹钮5的顶部为楔形部，该楔形部在弹簧6的作用下可伸出所述通孔3。本实施例中，所述弹钮5和弹簧6组成本发明的弹性挡位件。
本发明的所述钉仓组件包括初始状态和击发结束状态两种状态，当所述钉仓组件处于初始状态时，所述通孔3的上方、切刀8的前方设有一个滑块4，所述滑块4位于弹钮5的顶部并产生一作用力相对作用于所述弹钮5。滑块4的形状不定，图中的矩形仅为示例，本发明中只要确保滑块4能从钉仓的近端滑动到其远端即可。所述封刀片2的远端设有一个凹槽9，所述凹槽9的宽度、高度均大于或等于所述滑块4的宽度、高度。所述凹槽9到通孔3的最大距离小于或等于所述切刀8的可移动距离。这样确保滑块4从钉仓的近端滑动到其远端时，能掉落至所述凹槽9内，为了使滑块比较易于掉入凹槽，可以将滑块的前后侧面设计为坡面；可选的，可以将放置滑块的收容空间设置在钉仓底部的最远端或封刀片的最远端，这样收容空间可以不是凹槽，而只是切刀达不到的钉仓远端的空置区域。
下面简单叙述一下本优选实施例的工作过程：
当所述钉仓组件处于初始状态时，弹钮5、弹簧6、垫块7按顺序地装配在钉仓的通孔3中，所述滑块4抵接于弹钮5与切刀底面10之间，即此时滑块4压住弹钮5。当钉仓处于击发过程中时，切刀8推动滑块4向前运动，滑块4在运动过程中会落入预留的凹槽9内，这样滑块4即不会退回到初始位置，此过程中，所述弹钮5始终抵在切刀8的切刀底面10上。当钉仓组件处于击发结束状态时，即此时切刀8被拉回到初始位置，此时弹钮5由于失去了滑块4的压迫，在弹簧6作用力下向上弹起，使其固定于所述刀刃11的远端，这样切刀8被弹钮5挡住不能前进，器械即不能被二次误击发，达到本发明的目的。
【第二实施例】
如图5、图6所示，本实施例中的弹性挡位件包括枢轴设置于钉仓内的旋转块14和作用于所述旋转块14上的扭簧15，所述扭簧15始终施加一个驱使所述旋转块14沿图中顺时针的方向转动的作用力。所述旋转块14包括一个可在钉组件处于击发状态时限制所述推刀杆移动的平面16，所述滑块4在初始状态时位于所述旋转块14的顶部。
当所述钉仓组件处于图5的初始状态时，所述滑块4压住旋转块14。当钉仓处于击发过程中时，切刀8推动滑块4向前运动，滑块4在运动过程中会落入预留的凹槽9内，这样滑块4即不会退回到初始位置，此过程中，所述旋转块14始终抵在切刀8的切刀底面10上。当钉仓组件处于击发状态时，如图6所示，此时切刀8被拉回到初始位置，此时旋转块14由于失去了滑块4的压迫，在扭簧15作用力下顺时针旋转。本实施例中，所述平面16到旋转块14的旋转轴心之间的最小距离大于所述切刀底面10到旋转块14的旋转轴心之间的垂直距离，这样确保旋转块14旋转到图6的的状态下，所述平面16能固定于所述刀刃11的远端，这样切刀8被旋转块14挡住不能前进，器械即不能被二次误击发，达到本发明的目的。
本文中所述的远端为远离操作者的一端，近端为靠近操作者的一端。本发明尚有多种实施方式，例如，弹性挡位件为一个弹性金属片，所述弹性金属片的一端与所述封刀片2固定连接；另一端在钉仓组件处于初始状态时抵在所述滑块4的底部，在钉仓组件处于击发状态时，由于滑块已经收容于凹槽9内，所述弹性金属片的另一端弹出一定距离，是该弹性金属片固定于所述刀刃11的远端，限制所述推刀杆移动。凡采用等同变换或者等效变换而形成的所有技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种直线型外科装订仪，包括：上、下钳夹，设置在下钳夹上的钉仓组件，所述钉仓组件包括相互固定的钉仓和封刀片，所述钉仓(1)包括一个走刀槽，其内设有一可沿其轴线往复移动的切刀(8)，所述切刀(8)包括一切刀底面(10)和一位于切刀远端的刀刃(11)，其特征在于：
所述钉仓(1)内设有一个滑块(4)与一弹性挡位件，所述钉仓底部的远端设置一个可收容所述滑块(4)的收容空间，
所述钉仓组件包括初始状态和击发状态，
当所述钉仓组件处于初始状态时，所述滑块(4)位于弹性挡位件的顶部并产生一作用力，所述作用力限制所述弹性挡位件顶部高出切刀底面(10)所在平面，所述滑块(4)的近端与切刀(8)的远端邻接，
当所述钉仓组件处于击发状态结束后，所述滑块(4)被留在钉仓的远端，使所述弹性挡位件顶部高出切刀底面(10)并与切刀远端接触，进而阻挡切刀向钉仓远端滑动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的直线型外科装订仪，其特征在于：所述弹性挡位件包括弹钮(5)和抵接于所述弹钮(5)底部的弹簧(6)，所述滑块(4)在初始状态时位于所述弹钮(5)的顶部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的直线型外科装订仪，其特征在于：所述钉仓还包括一个通孔(3)，所述弹钮(5)、弹簧(6)设置在所述通孔(3)内，所述通孔(3)的轴线与所述走刀槽的轴线垂直且两者相联通，所述弹钮(5)的顶部在弹簧(6)的作用下可伸出所述通孔(3)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的直线型外科装订仪，其特征在于：所述钉仓还包括一个垫块(7)，所述垫块(7)固定于所述钉仓上，所述弹簧(6)的一端抵接于所述弹钮(5)，所述弹簧(6)的另一端抵在所述垫块(7)的顶面。
5.根据权利要求4所述的直线型外科装订仪，其特征在于：所述通孔(3)包括一个台阶(12)，所述弹钮(5)包括一个凸台(13)，所述凸台(13)的外径大于所述台阶(12)的内径。
6.根据权利要求5所述的直线型外科装订仪，其特征在于：所述弹钮(5)的顶部为楔形部。
7.根据权利要求1所述的直线型外科装订仪，其特征在于：所述弹性挡位件包括旋转块(14)和作用于所述旋转块(14)上的扭簧(15)，所述旋转块(14)包括一个可在钉仓组件处于击发状态时限制推刀杆移动的平面(16)，所述滑块(4)在初始状态时位于所述旋转块(14)的顶部。
8.根据权利要求7所述的直线型外科装订仪，其特征在于：所述平面(16)到旋转块(14)的旋转轴心之间的最小距离，大于所述切刀底面(10)到旋转块(14)的旋转轴心之间的垂直距离。
9.根据权利要求1所述的直线型外科装订仪，其特征在于：所述弹性挡位件为一个弹性金属片，
所述弹性金属片的一端与所述钉仓底部固定连接；
另一端在钉仓组件处于初始状态时抵在所述滑块(4)的底部，在钉仓组件处于击发状态时限制推刀杆移动。
10.根据权利要求2或7或9任意一种所述的直线型外科装订仪，其特征在于：所述收容空间为一凹槽(9)，所述凹槽(9)的宽度、高度均大于或等于所述滑块(4)的宽度、高度；所述凹槽(9)到通孔(3)的最大距离小于、等于所述切刀(8)在走刀槽内的可移动距离。
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PCT/CN2011/083483 WO2012075918A2 (zh) 2010-12-10 2011-12-05 钉仓组件及运用该钉仓组件的直线型外科装订仪
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