CN101964148A

CN101964148A - Road traffic information recording server and GPS (Global Positioning System) user terminal

Info

Publication number: CN101964148A
Application number: CN2009100900095A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘勃; 王文佳
Original assignee: Hitachi China Research and Development Corp
Current assignee: Hitachi China Research and Development Corp
Priority date: 2009-07-24
Filing date: 2009-07-24
Publication date: 2011-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-24
Also published as: CN101964148B

Abstract

The invention provides a road traffic information recording server and a GPS user terminal. In the invention, a traffic information acquisition system based on user information establishes files of each user by collecting the information of common routes of users, driving preference and the like, provides individualized traffic information service to the users and collects the information of the position and the speed of vehicles of the users in the course of traveling to generate the jam information of a road, wherein the user information is used for enhancing the precision of data acquisition so that the generated jam information of the road is more accurate than the traditional floating car system in the course.

Description

Traffic Information record server and GPS user terminal

Technical field

The present invention relates to the acquisition of road traffic information system, more specifically, relate to a kind of Traffic Information record server and a kind of GPS user terminal,, realize the record of effective Traffic Information wherein based on user preference and/or history information.The present invention has introduced a kind of method and system that utilizes float user data and unsteady user preference information generation Traffic Information.Particularly introduced a kind of method and system that utilizes float user data and unsteady user preference information generation congestion in road information.Among the present invention, unsteady user moves also to cross terminal device is uploaded people from data to the center or car on road, unsteady user data is the data that provided by the unsteady user who moves on road, and it comprises three kinds of information, Customs Assigned Number, temporal information, positional information at least.Unsteady user preference information be when floating user's steering vehicle common route, drive preference etc., for example, defining route on and off duty is common route.

Background technology

Existing a lot of known patents have been discussed the method and system that utilizes Floating Car to carry out the traffic congestion information acquisition.For example, Japanese documentation JP-A-7-29098 discloses the system of the congestion status of a kind of position that utilizes Floating Car and velocity information, calculating road.Vehicle sends position and the velocity information of oneself to the center in this type systematic, system will go out the residing road of vehicle according to the positional information calculation of vehicle, if the positional information of vehicle has error, vehicle may be matched on the wrong path, the traffic congestion information that causes system-computed to be come out is reacted on the wrong path, and its result is exactly the precise decreasing of the congestion in road information of system's output.In the existing Floating Car system many with taxi as Floating Car, and the GPS equipment on the Chinese taxi belongs to low side devices more, precision is not very high, the precision that obtains by reality test is probably about 30 meters to 50 meters, and the elevation information precision of vertical direction is also very poor, can't distinguish the road of differing heights in overpass, the viaduct in the reality.If the positional information of vehicle is to be obtained by the GPS device that hangs down precision, the positional information of vehicle often error is just bigger; In addition, in the big city since high building, overpass, complicated viaduct etc. to the blocking of gps signal, vehicle ' also the gps signal drift occurs through regular meeting in time around these buildings, cause vehicle by system matches to wrong path.Very common in the above problem of China at present.

In order to address this problem, the present invention introduces user preference information the positional information of vehicle is verified, utilizes position, the velocity information of vehicle, calculates the congestion status of road.Everyone has the preference of oneself, and for example, for identical destination, some driver likes the loop walking to have a lot of social connections, and some driver likes the few path of mule carriage.For another example, for the working clan, route on and off duty at ordinary times may be relatively-stationary, and the route that goes to the cinema weekend may be relatively-stationary, and these all depend on user's preference.If these users' preference is collected and is kept in the system as user profile; when the data of utilizing vehicle to upload when system are calculated so; even some error of vehicle position information; system also can make right judgement to the position of vehicle; because system has obtained priori, know the route that route that vehicle will pass through or driver can select usually.

United States Patent (USP) 7,424, mentioned among 363 (Method and system for adaptive navigationusing a driver ' the s route knowledge) according to the driver and provide the respective paths navigation the familiarity in path, when the driver is familiar to some highway section, just omit the path navigation on this section way, only provide path navigation in the highway section that the driver is not familiar with to the driver, this needs navigating instrument to preserve the experimental knowledge of driver to the path.United States Patent (USP) 7,257, mentioned the paths record that utilizes navigating instrument to preserve among 484 (the Method forsearching car navigation path by using log file) navigation is provided, navigating instrument is before being user's calculating path, at first from historical record, search, seeing if there is the identical route record in destination can directly select for use.The history information of how having mentioned in these two patents with driver's posterior infromation and navigating instrument goes to provide navigation feature, but these information all only are kept on the single navigating instrument, do not upload to the center, carry out classification analysis by the center, more do not propose these information is used for the method and system of traffic information collection.System proposed by the invention all is kept at user preference and vehicle operation data in the centring system, is used to calculate the congestion in road situation and provides personalized transport information to the user.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of Traffic Information record server and a kind of GPS user terminal.In the present invention, pass through to collect user's common route based on the traffic information acquisition system of user profile, information such as driving preference are set up each user's archives, provide personalized traffic-information service to the user, and the congestion information of position in the collection user vehicle ' process and velocity information generation road, in this process, user profile is used to improve the precision of data acquisition, makes that the congestion in road information that generates is more accurate than present Floating Car system.

According to first scheme of the present invention, a kind of Traffic Information record server has been proposed, comprising: R-T unit is used to receive the GPS information of the described GPS user terminal of GPS user terminal real-time report; Memory storage is used for effective GPS information of the prediction route and the described GPS user terminal of storing map information, described GPS user terminal; And screening plant, be used for according to described cartographic information, then the GPS information of the described GPS user terminal that will conform to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is recorded in the described memory storage as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is to set in advance and report described Traffic Information record server by the user under the described GPS user terminal by described GPS user terminal, and described R-T unit also is used to receive the prediction route by the described GPS user terminal of described GPS user terminal to send up.

Preferably, described R-T unit also is used to receive starting point and the terminal point that is reported in advance by described GPS user terminal, described Traffic Information record server also comprises: prediction route generating apparatus, be used for according to described starting point and described terminal point, generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal in advance, and the prediction route that described R-T unit also is used for described GPS user terminal that described prediction route generating apparatus is generated is sent to described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, described Traffic Information record server also comprises: prediction route generating apparatus, be used for historical effectively GPS information according to described GPS user terminal, and generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal by cluster operation.

Preferably, described Traffic Information record server also comprises: prediction route generating apparatus, be used for the GPS information that historical effectively GPS information and described GPS user terminal according to described GPS user terminal are reported, generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, described Traffic Information record server also comprises: prediction route generating apparatus, be used for the GPS information that is reported, generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal according to route of user preference information and the described GPS user terminal of the user under the described GPS user terminal.Further preferably, described R-T unit also is used to receive the described route of user preference information that is reported in advance by described GPS user terminal.Perhaps, described route of user preference information is to be obtained by cluster operation by the historical effectively GPS information of described prediction route generating apparatus according to described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, described Traffic Information record server also comprises: estimation device is used for extrapolating the Traffic Information on every road according to the effective GPS information that is currently located at all the GPS user terminals on every road.

Preferably, described prediction route generating apparatus upgrades the prediction route of described GPS user terminal also according to the Traffic Information on every road.

Preferably, the GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: the current location of described GPS user terminal, and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal with the corresponding position of the current location of described GPS user terminal.More preferably, the GPS information of described GPS user terminal also comprises: call time on corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal, and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal also comprises: call time on corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, if the bee-line between the prediction route of the current location of described GPS user terminal and described GPS user terminal is smaller or equal to predetermined threshold value, then described screening plant determines that the current location of described GPS user terminal conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, if the bee-line between the prediction route of the current location of described GPS user terminal and described GPS user terminal is smaller or equal to the bee-line between the every other route in the current location of described GPS user terminal and the described cartographic information, then described screening plant determines that the current location of described GPS user terminal conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, described screening plant comprises: matching unit, be used for according to described cartographic information, and the current location of described GPS user terminal is matched on the route in the described cartographic information, obtain one or more coupling route results; And selected cell, be used for prediction route according to described GPS user terminal, from described one or more coupling route results, select to be positioned at a coupling route result on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal, as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described memory storage also is used to store the affiliated user's of described GPS user terminal route of user preference information, if and among described one or more coupling route result any one all is not positioned on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal, then described selected cell is according to described route of user preference information, from described one or more coupling route results, select to meet a coupling route result of described route of user preference information, as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.Further preferably, the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is to set in advance and report described Traffic Information record server by the user under the described GPS user terminal by described GPS user terminal, and described R-T unit also is used to receive the described route of user preference information by described GPS user terminal to send up.Perhaps, described route of user preference information is that historical effectively GPS information according to described GPS user terminal obtains by cluster operation.

More preferably, if the bee-line between the route in the current location of described GPS user terminal and the described cartographic information smaller or equal to predetermined threshold value, then described matching unit with described route as one of described one or more coupling route results.

According to alternative plan of the present invention, a kind of GPS user terminal has been proposed, comprising: the GPS unit is used for the GPS information of gathering described GPS user terminal in real time; Memory storage is used for the prediction route of storing map information and described GPS user terminal; Screening plant is used for according to described cartographic information, determines whether the GPS information of being gathered described GPS unit conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal; And R-T unit, the GPS information that is used for the described GPS user terminal that will conform to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is sent to Traffic Information record server as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is to be set in advance by the user under the described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, described R-T unit also is used for reporting starting point and the terminal point that is set in advance by the user under the described GPS user terminal to described Traffic Information record server, described Traffic Information record server is according to described starting point and described terminal point, generate in advance and send the prediction route of described GPS user terminal, and described R-T unit also is used to receive the prediction route of the described GPS user terminal that is sent by described Traffic Information record server to described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, described GPS user terminal also comprises: prediction route generating apparatus, be used for historical effectively GPS information according to described GPS user terminal, and generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal by cluster operation.

Preferably, described GPS user terminal also comprises: prediction route generating apparatus, be used for the GPS information that historical effectively GPS information and described GPS user terminal according to described GPS user terminal are reported, and generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described memory storage also is used to store the historical effectively GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described R-T unit also is used to receive the historical effectively GPS information of the described GPS user terminal that is sent by described Traffic Information record server.

Preferably, described GPS user terminal also comprises: prediction route generating apparatus, be used for the GPS information that is reported, generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal according to route of user preference information and the described GPS user terminal of the user under the described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described route of user preference information is to be set in advance by the user under the described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described R-T unit also is used to receive the described route of user preference information that is sent by described Traffic Information record server.

More preferably, described route of user preference information is to be obtained by cluster operation by the historical effectively GPS information of described prediction route generating apparatus according to described GPS user terminal.

Further preferably, described memory storage also is used to store the historical effectively GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

Further preferably, described R-T unit also is used to receive the historical effectively GPS information of the described GPS user terminal that is sent by described Traffic Information record server.

Preferably, described R-T unit also is used to receive the Traffic Information on every the road that is sent by described Traffic Information record server.

More preferably, described prediction route generating apparatus upgrades the prediction route of described GPS user terminal also according to the Traffic Information on every road.

Preferably, the GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: the current location of described GPS user terminal, and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal with the corresponding position of the current location of described GPS user terminal.More preferably, the GPS information of described user terminal also comprises: with the corresponding acquisition time of the current location of described GPS user terminal, and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal also comprises: with the corresponding acquisition time of the current location of described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described memory storage also is used to store the affiliated user's of described GPS user terminal route of user preference information, if and among described one or more coupling route result any one all is not positioned on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal, then described selected cell is according to described route of user preference information, from described one or more coupling route results, select to meet a coupling route result of described route of user preference information, as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.Further preferably, described route of user preference information is to be set in advance by the user under the described GPS user terminal.Perhaps, described R-T unit also is used to receive the described route of user preference information that is sent by described Traffic Information record server.Perhaps, described route of user preference information is that historical effectively GPS information according to described GPS user terminal obtains by cluster operation.

According to the present invention, described GPS user terminal is vehicle GPS user terminal or hand-held GPS user terminal.More preferably, described vehicle GPS user terminal is a bus vehicle GPS user terminal.

According to third party's case of the present invention, a kind of bus vehicle GPS user terminal has also been proposed, comprising: the GPS unit is used for the current location of gathering described GPS user terminal in real time; Memory storage is used for the fixed course of storing map information and described bus; Screening plant is used for according to described cartographic information, determines whether the GPS information of being gathered described GPS unit conforms to the fixed course of described bus; And R-T unit, be used for on the fixed course of described bus with the corresponding position of the current location of described GPS user terminal and on the active position dot information that calls time as described GPS user terminal be sent to Traffic Information record server.

Preferably, the fixed course of described bus comprises many fixed courses, and described bus vehicle GPS user terminal also comprises: the fixed course selected cell, be used for operation according to the user, and from described many fixed courses, select a current fixed course as described bus.Wherein, described screening plant only determines whether the GPS information that described GPS unit is gathered conforms to the current fixed course of described bus.

The customer-furnished vehicle operation data of definition is the user data (FUD, Floating User Data) that floats among the present invention, and definition simultaneously provides the user of FUD to be the user (FloatingUser) that floats, or abbreviates the user as.The object of the invention is to utilize user preference information and unsteady user data to generate congestion in road information jointly, and provides personalized information service to the user.System obtains user preference information (as route commonly used, driving preference etc.), and promptly system has preserved the priori about the user earlier; Gather position, the velocity information of user in the actual travel process then, comprehensive user's driving preference, vehicle location, velocity information are calculated, and generate the congestion information of road.

User's the trip mode of floating can be diversified, walking, self-driving, public transport, subway, but just relatively be concerned about the jam situation of road when having only user oneself driving generally speaking or taking the public way vehicles.User's trip preference is that the history by the systematic analysis user goes out line item and generates, as track by the analysis user vehicle, find the preference of user to routing, the route of using always when for example the user is from place A to place B prefers to away main road rather than bypass.User's the trip preference of floating also can be by the unsolicited information of user, as common route on and off duty, and the route often walked of going to the cinema etc., the bus route of often taking to the B point from the A point etc.

Unsteady user's information is kept at the User Information Database that is arranged in centring system after setting up.When the user drives or goes on a journey by bus, if the user sends request to centring system, require arrive the transport information of a certain destination, the center just sends to current transport information on the terminal device that the user has so.And begin to gather position and velocity information in user's vehicle ' process, in conjunction with user preference (as route commonly used, to the selection preference of main road and bypass etc.) handle gathering the user's vehicle data that comes, obtain the user the congestion in road situation of route of process.The congestion in road situation of whole road network obtains by all unsteady user's vehicle datas are handled.Even user (as unsteady users such as bus, taxis) is not to centring system request transport information, the user sends the user data that floats to centring system as long as float, and centring system just can be calculated the congestion in road situation according to unsteady user data and unsteady user preference.

Unsteady user in the native system both can be private car driver, bus driver, can be the driver of public transports such as taxi driver and bus driver, even can be common passenger or pedestrian also.System analyzes user's trip or drives preference from numerous historical tracks of the user that floats.Be to and from route commonly used between airport and the railway station as the taxi driver.The user is the bus driver if float, the travel route of the bus of its driving also is relatively-stationary so, it can be driven preference as the user preserves, the user is a bus itself if float, its travel route also is relatively-stationary so, it can be driven preference as the user and preserve.Behind the unsteady user's of system's foundation trip or the driving preference archives, will be when the user data that floats is handled with reference to the user's that floats trip or driving preference.

Be different from traditional Floating Car system indiscriminate congestion in road information only is provided, native system can be very easily according to user's request, directly provide the transport information of asking based on the user to the user, and with the user to the request of transport information as trigger condition, trigger the driving information that ustomer premises access equipment is uploaded vehicle.When the driving information of the vehicle that the user is uploaded is handled, because centring system known users preference information, so the also more traditional Floating Car system of result is more accurate.

Description of drawings

By below in conjunction with description of drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention, will make above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage clearer, wherein:

Fig. 1 .1 is the system construction drawing (centring system---server) of one embodiment of the present of invention;

Fig. 1 .2 is the system construction drawing (terminal system---GPS user terminal) of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 .1 shows the synoptic diagram of the data structure that is comprised in the User Information Database 100, wherein (a) is the synoptic diagram that the user drives preference information, (b) be the synoptic diagram of user's common route information, and (c) be the synoptic diagram that comprises the road chain information in user's common route;

Fig. 2 .2 is the synoptic diagram that the GPS point carries out road chain coupling;

Fig. 2 .3A～2.3D carries out the synoptic diagram of road chain coupling when showing vehicle and being positioned at the intersection;

Fig. 2 .4 shows the synoptic diagram that carries out road chain coupling when vehicle is positioned on the road of distinguishing main and side road;

Fig. 3 is a user profile harvester structural drawing;

Fig. 4 is float Users'Data Analysis device analysis user common route and the process flow diagram of driving information such as preference;

Fig. 5 shows the unsteady user data that the user that floats uploads and the synoptic diagram of unsteady user trajectory, and wherein (a) is the unsteady user data example that the user uploads of floating, and (b) is the example of user trajectory of floating;

Fig. 6 example three tracks common route of unsteady user through forming after the clusters;

Fig. 7 example how from user trajectory, extract user's habits information;

Fig. 8 is another client synoptic diagram;

Fig. 9 is the user data harvester structural drawing that floats;

Figure 10 is the process flow diagram of user for self driving user time channel chain information generating apparatus generation road chain information that float;

Figure 11 shows the user respectively according to the synoptic diagram of uploading gps data when not travelling according to common route, wherein (a) is user's common route synoptic diagram, (b) be that the user uploads the gps data synoptic diagram when travelling by common route, and (c) be that the user uploads the gps data synoptic diagram when not travelling by common route;

Figure 12 is an example of road chain information;

Figure 13 is the synoptic diagram of the data structure that provides in order to manage public transport user (comprising public transit vehicle, public transit vehicle driver, bus passenger), wherein (a) is that public transport Customs Assigned Number and bus routes are numbered corresponding diagram, and (b) is bus routes numbering and road chain numbering corresponding diagram;

Figure 14 is the public transit vehicle data instance;

Figure 15 is another client synoptic diagram that comprises bus route setting module 406;

Figure 16 is the process flow diagram of user for bus (driver) or passenger's time channel chain information generating apparatus generation road chain information that float;

Figure 17 is the process flow diagram that floats and carry out data interaction between public transport user and the centring system;

Figure 18 is that unsteady user is the process flow diagram that taxi user time channel chain information generating apparatus generates the road chain information;

Figure 19 is the route synoptic diagram that changes the unsteady user of route once in a while, and wherein (a) is user's common route synoptic diagram that floats, and (b) is unsteady user's Iterim Change route synoptic diagram;

Figure 20 is the mutual benefit and collaboration synoptic diagram between user and the centring system that floats.

Embodiment

For clear detailed elaboration implementation procedure of the present invention, some specific embodiments of the invention have been provided below.Need to prove that the present invention is not limited to these and uses, but applicable to more other relevant unsteady user's road traffic systems.

To a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, having omitted in the description process is unnecessary details and function for the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, obscures to prevent that the understanding of the present invention from causing.

Fig. 1 .1 is the system construction drawing (centring system---server) of one embodiment of the present of invention, comprise a User Information Database 100, be used to preserve user's preference information, for example: user's route commonly used, destination commonly used and some other driving preference; A user profile harvester 200, generate user's driving preference by the historical driving information of analysis user (for example GPS track), perhaps receive the manually information of input of user, the data that this information collecting device generates will be kept in the aforementioned User Information Database 100; A unsteady user data harvester 300 and a unsteady customer data base 130 that is positioned at the center, the information such as position, speed, direction that is used to gather and preserve vehicle; End-user system 400 with information uploadings such as the real time position of vehicle, speed, directions to the unsteady user data harvester 300 that is positioned at the center; Road chain information generating apparatus 500 and road chain information database 150, road chain information generating apparatus 500 is input with User Information Database 100, the customer data base 130 that floats, map data base 120, output is kept in the road chain information database 150, and it mainly preserves the transport information of road chain.User asks responding device 600 to be used for the request of process user, and return results gives the user, and user's request simultaneously will trigger the vehicle traveling information that centring system begins to gather the user, promptly unsteady user data.

Fig. 1 .2 is the system construction drawing (terminal system---GPS user terminal) of another embodiment of the present invention.Terminal system of the present invention both can be vehicle-mounted navigator, and the navigator that also can be of portable form or the miscellaneous equipments such as mobile phone of navigation feature are arranged is shown in Fig. 1 .2.420 is history data store parts among Fig. 1 .2, be used to store route information that the user passes by in history and common route information (in certain embodiments, be also referred to as " prediction route information "), user's common route both can be that the user sets by Man Machine Interface, also can be obtained by the analysis of history data by information processing apparatus 440.GPS module 433 is used for information such as collection vehicle current location, speed.Information processing apparatus 440 comprises path computation function, and the function that GPS point and map road chain are mated.

Behind the destination that the user sets by Man Machine Interface 435, information processing apparatus at first carries out path computing, can only calculate an optimal path during path computing, also can calculate an optimal path (prediction route) according to Real-time Traffic Information from centring system according to the map datum on the terminal system.After information processing apparatus 440 calculates optimal path, it is outputed on the display unit 437.User's vehicle is during along this route running, the positional information that the GPS module can collection vehicle, and information processing apparatus 440 matches the GPS positional information on the road chain of map, and the GPS position of vehicle is outputed on the display unit 437.Data Receiving transmit block 450 with the information uploading of the real-time GPS information of vehicle and the road chain that mated to centring system.After centring system receives the GPS information and road chain information of user's vehicle, just can use it for Real-time Traffic Information and calculate.Information processing apparatus is after matching the GPS point on the chain of road, judge at first whether the road chain on the coupling belongs to the route (prediction route) that calculates, if do not belong to, illustrate that so drift has taken place the GPS point or user's vehicle does not travel according to calculated route, this gps data and road chain data will be abandoned, and not upload to centring system.So just guaranteed that GPS information and road chain information that centring system obtained are accurately, reduced the error of bringing by the GPS drift.

User preference information refers to user's common route, driving preference, and as common route on and off duty, route of often walking or the like goes to the cinema.Fig. 2 .1 is an example of user preference information.In Fig. 2 .1, (a) be the exemplary plot that the user drives preference information, " average velocity " representative of consumer wherein is common travel speed on road smoothly; " selection of primary/secondary road " expression user prefers away main road and still prefers away bypass when driving; " preferred term " is meant the preference of user when selection schemer, time priority represents that the user always selects the fastest path, and distance priority represents that the user always selects shortest path, expense preferentially represent the user always sorting charge with minimum path, expense comprises fuel cost, road expense etc.Be familiar with often the drive area that occurs or pass through of region representation user.In Fig. 2 .1, (b) be the exemplary plot of user's common route information, wherein shown the information of several user's common route, as route on and off duty and the route that goes to the cinema.In Fig. 2 .1, be the exemplary plot that comprises the road chain information in user's common route (c), wherein shown a road chain information that route comprised, a route is made of many road chains in map.After user's vehicle position information uploads to the center, be matched on the chain of map road.In this matching process, generally, if the ratio of precision of gps data is lower, drift has taken place in gps signal, perhaps gps data has disappearance, and user's vehicle just may match on the wrong road chain so, finally influences the computational accuracy that system generates the congestion in road degree.But in system of the present invention, because being recorded, user preference is kept at centring system, system has known which road chain user's vehicle can pass through, even so the ratio of precision of gps data is lower, drift has taken place gps signal or gps data has disappearance, user's vehicle still can mate on correct road chain.

Fig. 2 .2 example the GPS point match the process of road chain, in general, the GPS point is to adopt the bee-line method to the coupling of road chain, is about to the GPS point and matches on the nearest road chain of this point.In Fig. 2 .2, (a) illustrated a common route L and two road chains 1,2, wherein road chain 1 is a road chain among the common route L, and road chain 1 is a main road, and road chain 2 is bypasses, both close together, user's vehicle is actual to be on the road chain 1.Suppose that user's vehicle uploaded a GPS point A when passing by on one's way chain 1, shown in (b) among Fig. 2 .2, because the GPS point drifts about, the distance that makes this put road chain 2 is nearer.Mate when calculating, at first calculate the vertical range of A point to road chain 1 and road chain 2, obtain distance and be respectively X1 and X2, A1 and A2 are respectively the vertical projection point of A point to road chain 1 and road chain 2 simultaneously; Compare the size of X1 and X2 then, the A point is more near road chain 2, so X2 is less than X1 in this example, generally, name a person for a particular job by match point road chain 2 according to shortest distance principle A, A2 is the vertical projection point of A point on road chain 2, so A2 is exactly the position of user on road chain 2, coupling back.But in fact, the user is on the road chain 1, and matching result and actual conditions are not inconsistent.When adopting the method for the invention, because user's common route has been stored in the centring system, system has preserved the user will be by road chain 1 this priori, even X2 is less than X1 so, matching process of the present invention can assert that also the A point matches on the road chain 1, A1 will be the position of user on road chain 1, coupling back, and this conforms to actual conditions.

Certainly the user also may travel not according to common route once in a while, and shown in (c) among Fig. 2 .2, the user travels on road chain 2, and that the A point is matched that road chain 2 obtains according to bee-line so is correct result.But because road chain 1 is arranged in common route, road chain 2 is not the ingredient of common route, so user's actual travel, is about to the A point and matches accuracy on the road chain 1 always greater than the accuracy that the A point is matched on the road chain 2 greater than the statistical probability of travelling on road chain 2 in the statistical probability on the road chain 1.

In the present invention, can handle according to two kinds of methods the processing of match point.First method is, if near the GPS point common route is arranged, it is not the shortest both having made the vertical range of the road chain of GPS point on this common route, the situation shown in (b) among Fig. 2 .2, and the GPS point also is matched on the common route so.This method can be handled the situation that bigger drift takes place GPS, though the whole more traditional bee-line method height of coupling accuracy can not be avoided erroneous judgement fully.Second method is, if GPS order near common route is arranged, and the vertical range of the road chain of GPS point on this common route is the shortest, just the GPS point matched on the common route, otherwise this GPS point is abandoned, and is not used further to calculate Traffic Information.This method can reduce erroneous judgement, but may abandon originally available for a moment gps data, the data volume that the minimizing system can use.In addition, the situation of disappearance takes place for the GPS point, just can only adopt first method to judge, assert that promptly the user travels according to common route, shown in (d) among Fig. 2 .2, do not have the GPS point near road chain 1 and the road chain 2, centring system assert that according to common route information the user travels on road chain 1 so.

When vehicle was positioned at the corner of crossing, pre-determined route also just in time was a turning route simultaneously, and so aforementioned two kinds of matching process all mistake might occur.Fig. 2 .3A～2.3D carries out the synoptic diagram of road chain coupling when showing vehicle and being positioned at the intersection.For the sake of clarity, show the scene of real road here, but should be noted in the discussion above that in whole Floating Car system, the road chain is the line segment with starting point and terminal point sign, does not have width.

For situation shown in Fig. 2 .3A and the 2.3C, the vertical range of GPS point and terminal given line is the shortest, and matching result conforms to actual conditions; But for situation shown in Fig. 2 .3B and the 2.3D, the vertical range of road chain is the shortest longitudinally in the GPS that uploads point and the terminal given line, judge to match longitudinally on the chain of road, but the actual position of vehicle is on horizontal road chain, and coupling is made mistakes.But this situation is very little to the accuracy influence that transport information is calculated, because system when calculating Traffic Information according to same route on before and after a plurality of points calculate, for situation shown in Fig. 2 .3B and the 2.3D, though generation matching error, but two wrong road chains occur are two road chains that front and back link to each other, and all be to be on the same pre-determined route, so this mistake is very little to the calculating influence of transport information.

When vehicle was positioned on the road of distinguishing main and side road, so aforementioned two kinds of matching process also mistake might occur.Fig. 2 .4 shows the synoptic diagram that carries out road chain coupling when vehicle is positioned on the road of distinguishing main and side road.

Sight (A): terminal is travelled on pre-determined route, and GPS information also is positioned on the pre-determined route, adopts two kinds of methods can both carry out correct coupling.Sight (B) and (C): terminal is travelled on pre-determined route, and GPS information when adopting aforementioned first kind of matching process, can be carried out correct coupling not on pre-determined route, and when adopting aforementioned second method, two GPS information will be abandoned, and also can not introduce mistake.For sight (E), terminal is not travelled on pre-determined route, and GPS information when adopting aforementioned first kind of matching process, can be carried out wrong coupling also not on pre-determined route, and when adopting aforementioned second method, this GPS information will be abandoned, and can not introduce mistake.For sight (D), terminal is not travelled on pre-determined route, but GPS information floats on the pre-determined route, and aforementioned two kinds of methods all can't correctly be mated.This situation belongs to the situation of seldom counting, and is very little for the precision influence of Traffic Information.Must judge that in this case prerequisite is that the coupling of GPS position is correct before and after this point, otherwise also can't obtain correct matching result according to the situation that GPS before and after this point is ordered.The front and back point relation that has had known technology to utilize GPS to order is corrected the drift that GPS is ordered, and this does not belong to content of the present invention, does not give unnecessary details at this.

User preference information can obtain by analyzing the user data that floats (historical effectively GPS information), and unsteady user data can be uploaded by user's portable sets such as mobile phone, also can upload by the automatic navigator of user's vehicle.User preference information also can initiatively be imported by man-machine interface by unsteady user, the user website that provides by the center for example, or be connected to centring system by automatic navigator.Fig. 3 has shown a user preference information acquisition subsystem, and float in this subsystem Users'Data Analysis device 220 or human-computer interface device 210 collect user preference information, are kept at the User Information Database 100 that is arranged in the center.Unsteady Users'Data Analysis device 220 and unsteady customer data base 202 can be positioned at the center, also can be arranged in the equipment of user side.Man-machine interface is distributed in center-side and user side.Subscriber equipment is connected with the center by network, transmits the user preference information of float user data and user's input.Include all listed among Fig. 2 .1 information in the User Information Database 100, if the user is the private car driver, except system's preference information of analysis user automatically, the user also can cross man-machine interface input user preference information, as average velocity, familiar zone, common route etc.And centring system can be upgraded user preference information automatically by the unsteady user data of continuous analysis.The user also can constantly upgrade trip, the driving preference of oneself by man-machine interface.The user is a bus if float, the running route of bus is relatively-stationary, except system can analyze the preference information such as lines of operation of bus automatically, also the lines of operation and the timetable of bus manually can be input in the User Information Database as user preference information.

Fig. 4 example unsteady Users'Data Analysis device 220 how analyze the user's that obtains floating common route in the historical data from be kept at the customer data base that floats and drive user profile such as preference.The example of the unsteady user data that (a) among Fig. 5 uploads for the user that floats, these data are kept in the customer data base that floats.It comprises Customs Assigned Number, route number, road chain numbering, longitude and latitude, speed, direction, time etc.Wherein Customs Assigned Number, longitude and latitude, time are essential, and other data content can be sky, and this depends on the demand of system and the content of the data that client can be uploaded.Customs Assigned Number is used for determining unsteady user's identity; Longitude and latitude and time are used for determine floating the user in residing position sometime.Route number is used for the route that definite user of floating is travelled, and chain numbering in road is used for determining user's present located road chain that floats.The equipment of subscription client is more advanced if float, and for example is automatic navigator, and vehicle location may just directly match on the chain of road on the navigating instrument, and the user data that floats so just can comprise the residing road of the user chain information that floats.The content of user data of floating is not limited to content and the form shown in (a) among Fig. 5, and centring system can increase or reduce the data item that be kept at the customer data base that floats according to the input of client.

Step S221 classifies each unsteady user's the unsteady user data of uploading among Fig. 4, obtains many tracks, and every track is formed (as the GPS point) by a series of positional information.(b) among Fig. 5 is the example of the user trajectory of floating.Comprised Customs Assigned Number in every track, longitude and latitude and temporal information that each GPS in track number and the track is ordered.Every track all might be the track that a carrying is travelled for taxi, as certain hotel from the airport to the city center, or from certain hotel to the airport.For private car, a track then may be once a upper and lower class track.If the density that the GPS in the track is ordered, can guarantee on every road chain in the track GPS point is arranged all than higher, the road chain that is comprised in the track just can be decided so.If the density that the GPS in the track is ordered is lower, disappearance has perhaps appearred, and then can not guarantee all has the GPS point on every road chain in the track, and the road chain that is comprised in the track just can not uniquely be determined so, and this is a universal phenomenon.In order to address this problem, step S222 carries out cluster according to the longitude and latitude of the starting point of track to the track that obtains among the S221, obtains the close track of a series of starting points.Step S223 carries out cluster according to the longitude and latitude of the terminal point of track to the track that obtains among the S222, obtains all close track of a series of starting and terminal points.Step S224 carries out cluster according to the time span and the course length of track to the track that obtains among the S223, obtains a series of terminus, time span, track that length is close.Step S225 carries out cluster according to starting time in the track and terminal time to the track that obtains among the S224, finally obtains a series of terminus, time span, apart from length, departure time, time of arrival close track.Step S226 merges into identical strip path curve with the track that S225 obtains.On every road chain in the track requirement assurance track after the merging enough GPS points are arranged all, the road chain that is comprised in the track just can be decided so, otherwise is exactly an invalid route.The route that the user is to and between certain 2 in case float is determined, and the frequency that this route is utilized reaches certain degree, and centring system just can be kept at the common route of this route as unsteady user in the User Information Database.Step 227 is analyzed unsteady user's common route, extracts user's driving preference, is kept in the User Information Database as user preference.After the Users'Data Analysis device 220 that floats has generated new unsteady user preference information, can be kept at automatically immediately in the User Information Database 100, also can new preference information be fed back to the user that floats through communicator, allow unsteady user judge whether the preference information of system's generation is correct, if it is incorrect that the user thinks, so just do not preserve new user preference, otherwise new user preference is kept in the User Information Database 100.At step S228, turn to next user, carry out similar operation, to extract next user's user preference information.

Fig. 6 example three tracks common route of unsteady user 1234 through forming after the clusters.In Fig. 6, (a) and (b) and (c) in three tracks in GPS point all more sparse, these three tracks are respectively that the user 1234 that floats passes through in starting point and the end point process at three times and collects.The GPS point that is comprised in every track is more sparse as can be seen, can not guarantee the GPS point is all arranged on every road chain of process, centring system just can't according to a track in map unique definite vehicle from origin-to-destination the route of process.Traditional method is to extrapolate several the routes from origin-to-destination with the method for path culculating, selects a most possible route as the route from origin-to-destination according to bee-line or shortest time principle then.The accuracy of the method for this path culculating is not very high, particularly when GPS point precision and density itself are just not too high.In order to address this problem, the present invention improves the density that GPS is ordered with the method for trajectory clustering, GPS point in the track that forms after cluster is closeer, shown in (d) among Fig. 6, all have a GPS point on every road chain at least, thereby a definite route that can be unique is as user's common route.Why being referred to as common route, is that system just might collect the track of mutual repetition between origin-to-destination, just might carry out cluster to track because only on the often current route of user.Only used three tracks for example among Fig. 6, in fact common route can be formed by more user trajectory cluster, and the track that participates in cluster is many more, and the GPS point in the common route is just close more, and route is just accurate more.(b) among Fig. 2 .1, (c) are the examples of user's common route of generating after the cluster.(c) among Fig. 2 .1 shown the road chain situation that every route comprised.

After the density that GPS is ordered improves, the error that GPS is ordered under some situation still can influence system's determining route of user, as for two parallel adjacent roads (main and side road), be to represent with two parallel road chains on the map, the gps data error might cause vehicle to be matched on the wrong road chain.Classic method is to revise the not high map match mistake that causes of GPS point precision according to the topological relation of the direction of vehicle movement and map.But for two adjacent main and side roads, because the direction of its road chain all is the same with topological relation, so be difficult to distinguish with classic method.(a) among Fig. 7 shown two parallel adjacent road chain A and B, is respectively main road A and bypass B.User's the actual common route of supposing to float is bypass B, and unsteady user only uploads a GPS point during at every turn by road chain B, because the GPS error, system is difficult to judge from gps data floats user's actual travel on main road still is bypass.But through after the aforementioned cluster calculation, the GPS dot density on this section road improves greatly, can obtain a large amount of GPS points, shown in (b) among Fig. 7.Find that by a large amount of experiment with measuring and observation analysis along with the difference of time, the change of satellite distribution state and the variation of weather, gps data all has the drift of different direction of a curve, but its distribution approaches normal distribution.When the user that promptly floats travelled on certain bar road chain, its gps data of uploading should be the average chain both sides, road that are dispersed in.Calculate line and the angle of road chain A that the starting point of road chain A order to chain A both sides, road GPS, corner dimension is spent positive 180 from negative 180 and is spent, ask all angles with, be designated as SumA, shown in (c) among Fig. 7.Line and the angle of road chain B that the same starting point of calculating road chain B order to all chain B both sides, road GPS, corner dimension is spent positive 180 from negative 180 and is spent, ask all angles with, be designated as SumB, shown in (d) among Fig. 7.Because the error of GPS is near normal distribution, if float user's actual travel on the chain B of road, the absolute value of SumB should level off to zero so, and less than the absolute value of SumA.User's actual travel is on the chain A of road if float, and the absolute value of SumA should level off to zero so, and less than the absolute value of SumB.So can judge that by the absolute value that compares SumA and SumB the user's that floats common route is through main road A or through bypass B.Often walk bypass B in case in common route, determined unsteady user, so when unsteady user passes through this section way once more, even only uploaded a GPS point data or do not uploaded any GPS point data, that system also can walk by the information judgement user who preserves in the common route is bypass B, and this method than traditional path culculating is many accurately.

In general, not only one of each unsteady user's common route after device 220 has obtained one or more unsteady users' common route, is further analyzed the user's that floats common route, extracts user's driving preference.Because all comprised the GPS positional information in the vehicle ' process in user's common route, and the GPS dot density is higher, so combining cartographic information can be than the driving preference that is easier to extract the user, be familiar with zone, user to the preference on primary/secondary road or the like as the user.The example of user preference data is shown in the (a) and (b) among Fig. 2 .1, (c).

Not only can analyze the user's that floats common route by the Users'Data Analysis device that floats, other that can also analyze the user that floats driven preference, as selection to main and side road, and often movable zone etc.The Users'Data Analysis device that floats not only can be used to generate unsteady user's preference, can also be used for centring system and regularly upgrade the user's that floats preference automatically, like this when the user's that floats preference changes, can not go to revise user profile by man-machine interface, but from history is floated user data, calculate new user preference by centring system, from the variation of motion tracking user preference.

Centring system will generate real-time congestion in road information, just must collect the running data of user on road that float in real time, as position, speed etc., is referred to as the user data that floats.The uploading of user data of floating can be finished by the location and the communication facilities that are installed on the vehicle, also can finish by driver or passenger's portable sets such as mobile phone.Float the user by various clients, will float user data upload to centring system via various wireless networks.Fig. 8 has shown the structure of another kind of client.GPS module 403 is used to gather user's the information such as position, speed of floating, and communication module 419 is used for data in real time is uploaded to centring system.GPS module and communication module both can independently be installed on user's vehicle, also can be the flush bonding modules as portable sets such as user mobile phone, PDA or navigating instrument or mobile unit.Communication module 419 can also can upload to user's request the user who is positioned at the center and ask responding device 600 with the user data upload of floating to the unsteady user data harvester 300 that is positioned at the center.Client terminal device can be a various ways, can be mobile phone, PDA, portable/automatic navigator etc., can become client as long as embedded the electronic equipment of locating module (as the GPS receiving instrument) and communication module (as SMS/GPRS/CDMA/).The user can also import user preference information by the man-machine interface of these clients, and uploads to the center.

The real time data that unsteady user uploads is received by the unsteady user data harvester 300 at center, and Fig. 9 has shown and installs a kind of structure of 300.It comprises communication module 319, is used to receive the unsteady user data that unsteady user uploads by various communication modes.The data that the user uploads may be multiple forms.Data conversion module 309 is responsible for the data that receive are converted to the consolidation form that can be discerned by road chain information generating apparatus 500, and will change the back data and be kept in the unsteady customer data base 130.The current user data of being preserved in the unsteady customer data base 130 that floats in real time is used to generate real-time road chain information by road chain information generating apparatus 500, and then generates the Real-time Road transport information.The unsteady user data of the history of being preserved in the unsteady customer data base can be utilized by the unsteady Users'Data Analysis device 220 among Fig. 3, is used for update user information database 100.

Unsteady user data that is kept in the database 130 and the user preference information that is kept in the database 100 have been arranged, and road chain information generating apparatus 500 just can generate the information such as the congestion status of road chain, and the road chain information is kept in the road chain information database 150.Unsteady user both can be the self-driving car owner, also can be taxi driver and bus driver etc.Link information generating apparatus 500 is basic identical to these three kinds of unsteady users' processing procedure, all is to check the priori of whether having preserved in the centring system about the user that floats earlier.

Illustrate below when unsteady user is the self-driving car owner, how centring system generates the link transport information.For example the unsteady user 1234 of self driving has preserved the own route of walking often on and off duty at the User Information Database 100 that is arranged in the center, and as (b) among Fig. 2 .1 with (c), user's common route on and off duty also may be to have many.The common route that is kept in the database 100 promptly can be that the user initiatively imports, and also can be that unsteady Users'Data Analysis device 220 obtains by the analysis user vehicle operation data, and this user that need float uploads vehicle operation data for a long time certainly.

After setting common route, user's personalized traffic-information service of forward direction center requests of going to work every day, for example morning, 9 the bests from the family to the office were gone to work route and the shortest hourages, centring system will be utilized current Real-time Road transport information, which bar route is the most unimpeded in calculating many working routes commonly used that the user preserved, and then best route is returned to the user.Set because route on and off duty is user oneself, so under the simplest situation, centring system only needs to send the best route numbering with textual form to the user, the user just can understand the particular content of route.For example send a SMS that comprises route number to the user, this mode makes that user's terminal device can be very simple, if subscriber terminal equipment has the route Presentation Function certainly, also can send more detailed route or navigation information to the user.When system returns to user 1234 with the result, can ask the user data upload of floating to the user simultaneously.If the user agrees to upload data, in a single day the user travels on the route that is on duty so, its client just should with information such as the position of vehicle, speed as unsteady user data upload in the unsteady customer data base of centring system, these data generate Real-time Traffic Informations through the road chain information generating apparatus 500 of centring system again.

Figure 10 floats the user during for the self-driving car owner, and the device 500 that is positioned at the center calculates the process flow diagram of the Real-time Traffic Information of road chains.Unsteady user data comprises latitude and longitude information at least, and user data matches on the road chain in the map so first step S511 will float: generally speaking, and corresponding several the possible matching results of each unsteady user data.Step S513 judges whether route of user (common route or prediction route) is known, if route of user is kept in the database 100 as user preference, on for example unsteady user's current driving route 1, and route 1 is one of common route of user, is used as user preference and is kept in the User Information Database 100.According to the example shown in (c) among Fig. 2 .1, can further comprise the information of road chain in the information of route 1.If the known unsteady user of system will by which road chain, step S515 just can calculate actual residing road chain of the user that floats and the position on the chain of road accurately from a plurality of matching results of user data on map that float so.

System can run into two kinds of situations when execution in step S515.A kind of situation is, known users can operate on certain common route, and for example route 1, and the user also travels by common route 1 really, and this moment is definite fairly simple to the user present position, and only need are sought match point with the gps data that the user upload in route 1.Another kind of situation is, known users can operate on certain common route, for example route 1, but the travel route that the user changes midway, route running according to schedule not just can not find the match point of the gps data that the user uploads so in route 1, can adopt two kinds of disposal routes this moment: 1. the Current GPS data are abandoned, be left intact, the disappearance of the gps data of indivedual vehicles can not have much impact to whole road network.2. use the bee-line method, determine the residing position of user, be about to the gps data that the user uploads and match on the nearest road chain.(a) among Figure 11 is user's common route 1, (b) among Figure 11 is the position of gps data on map that the user uploads when travelling according to route 1, (c) among Figure 11 is the position of gps data on map that the user uploads when not travelling according to route 1, for the situation shown in (b) among Figure 11, although GPS has drift, but the user is according to route running, the road chain of process known, so the coupling of GPS position can be very accurate.For the situation shown in (c) among Figure 11, it is too far away that part GPS point departs from route 1, can not be caused by the GPS drift, illustrated that the user is not according to route running, the road actual of living in chain of vehicle can only be judged recently to GPS point distance according to each road chain, or simply this gps data be abandoned.

If the user does not set common route, system does not know to float the user will by which road chain.Step S517 is kept in the database 100 other according to the user and drives preference prioris such as (user profile except that common route) among Figure 10 so, from a plurality of match points, calculate best match point, obtain float user's residing road chain and the position on the chain of road.Because gps signal drift, buildings block, big at interval or the like the reason of data upload, can not guarantee to obtain on each bar road chain the user data that floats, the road chain that is current calculating gained may not link to each other with a last road chain that calculates gained, and there is disappearance the centre.At this moment, step S515 or S517 can or drive preference according to known route of user and calculate the road chain that is lacked.In case float user's reality the road chain of process be determined, step S519 calculate the user that floats the real-time information of road chain of process, as congestion status etc., and the road chain information is kept in the road chain information database 150.

In general, article one, the Real-time Traffic Information of road chain is to be calculated by all the unsteady user's data by this road chain, not by a unsteady user's data decision, unless in a period of time, have only a unsteady user to pass through on (for example 5 minutes) certain road chain.Centring system is calculated the Real-time Traffic Information of road chain, also is time segment, and promptly the Real-time Traffic Information of road chain upgrades once (for example calculating once every 5 minutes) at set intervals.Figure 12 is an example of road chain information, represent the road chain degree of blocking up with the average velocity of road chain among the figure, but the road chain degree of blocking up can also wait the degree of blocking up of expressing with the road chain hourage, and the road chain information also is not limited only to the degree of blocking up etc.

Unsteady user can also be bus (driver) or bus passenger, illustrate below when the user data that floats be bus (driver) or bus passenger upload data the time, how centring system generates the link transport information.Because bus routes (fixed course) relative fixed can directly be obtained the road chain information that every route comprises from public transport company, and be kept in the User Information Database 100.The user only need upload a bus routes numbering, and centring system is just known all road chains that the user will pass through.For bus (driver), it (he) may be scheduled for the enterprising every trade of different routes and sail, for bus passenger, he may also have many bus routes often to walk, so corresponding many bus routes of Customs Assigned Number possibility, shown in (a) among Figure 13, the road chain information that every bus routes comprised can be preserved according to the form shown in (b) among Figure 13.Shown in (a) among Figure 13, when the user is bus (driver), the inception point title of " user's starting point title " corresponding bus routes, the terminus title of " user's terminal point title " corresponding bus routes.When the user is bus passenger, the site name that " user's starting point title " respective user is got on the bus, the site name that " user's terminal point title " respective user is got off.

The unsteady user data that below will come from the public transit vehicle is called the public transit vehicle data, comprises the data that bus, bus driver and bus passenger are uploaded.Figure 14 shows that the content of public transit vehicle data.Because comprise Customs Assigned Number and bus routes numbering in the public transit vehicle data of uploading, so if the route information of public transit vehicle is kept in the database 100, the GPS point (latitude and longitude information) that just can be easy to calculate in the public transit vehicle data by Customs Assigned Number or bus routes numbering is to correspond on which road chain so, because bus routes is Iterim Change seldom, therefore this coupling is very accurately.If the lines of operation information of public transit vehicle is unknowable, be not stored in the information database 100, just ignore this public transit vehicle data, do not handle, promptly be not used in the generation road chain real-time traffic information.

Because the route of public transit vehicle and the moment of setting out all are relatively-stationary, if the user that floats is public transit vehicle or bus passenger, the user preference collection is just simple many relatively.The bus passenger can provide the bus routes of oneself often taking by the man-machine interface among Fig. 3, and public transit vehicle (driver) also can provide the route of vehicle and time of departure etc. by man-machine interface.Because the operation of public transit system has a whole set of route and arrangement of time,, the route of bus and temporal information be input in the centring system so can concentrating in batches.Even manually do not import the lines of operation of bus, as long as bus is uploaded data, the Users'Data Analysis device 220 that floats also can go out the lines of operation of bus by the analysis of history data analysis, and then sets the user's that floats preference information.

Consider that a bus may be alloted on the different bus routes, so be installed in the lines of operation that client device on the bus must be able to be set current bus, and the latitude and longitude information of current route information and bus is real-time transmitted to center-side, the bus route setting module is shown in 406 among Figure 15, and the data of uploading as shown in figure 14.If uploading the client device of public transit vehicle data is public transport driver or passenger's portable set, as mobile phone etc.Also must there be corresponding module can allow the user set current route so in these equipment and numbers and upload to the center.

After centring system obtained bus routes information and a real-time bus data, the process flow diagram of generation road chain information as shown in figure 16.First step S711 is with on the road chain of public transit vehicle Data Matching in the map: generally speaking, corresponding several the possible matching results of each public transit vehicle data, this coupling can not obtain road chain accurately.Step S713 judges whether the route (fixed course) of public transit vehicle is known, promptly whether is kept in the User Information Database 100.If the route information of public transit vehicle is kept in the database 100, step S715 can be from a plurality of matching results of public transit vehicle data on map so, calculate the road chain of the actual process of public transit vehicle accurately, present located road chain and the position on the chain of road.Step S719 calculate to float public transit vehicle the real-time information of road chain of process, as congestion status etc., and the road chain information is kept in the road chain information database 150.

In addition, because public transit vehicle might be on loan on other routes temporarily, can allow public transport company or public transport driver that fixed course is selected.

When unsteady user is public transit vehicle or public transport driver, this user uploads a real-time bus data to the center, do not need centring system feedback Real-time Traffic Information to give the user that floats, because no matter whether traffic blocks up, public transit vehicle is only used by pre-determined route and is travelled.Certainly public transit vehicle also can receive Real-time Traffic Information and is used for that passenger on bus reacts current traffic condition or prediction reaches next website required time, but this function can be realized by existing other technology, be not emphasis of the present invention, so no longer describe in detail.

When unsteady user was bus passenger, the user went to the best bus routes of destination to center requests by terminal device.If the user has set oneself bus routes commonly used in centring system, and there are many bus routes commonly used to arrive at the destination, so centring system according to every bus routes the traffic congestion situation on the road of process, or the degree of crowding of bus itself, select the route of a route the fastest or the most comfortable for the user.Bus degree of crowding information can be set by the terminal device on the driver operation bus, and upload to centring system; Also can realize with existing other technology, because this function is not the emphasis of this discovery, thus do not describe in detail in this manual, but the hypothesis centring system can be obtained the degree of crowding of each bus.If the user does not have to set in advance the common route of being to and between the destination, centring system can calculate a route for the user according to Real-time Traffic Information or public transport congestion information so, and gathers the GPS information that subscriber terminal equipment is uploaded when the user rides.The route that centring system offers the user at this moment must be that number of transfer is minimum, because the GPS information that the passenger uploads in the transfer process can not be used for calculating traffic condition, so must reduce the number of times of transfer, preferably not transfer as far as possible.

After the user selects to take the bus routes of recommending at the center, can send route number to centring system, centring system is calculated the user and is estimated the time that arrives and feed back to the user.In the bus driving process, centring system is gathered the GPS information that subscriber terminal equipment is uploaded, and the user also can select not upload GPS information certainly, still, and time that also just can't real-time update expectation arrival on the subscriber terminal equipment so on the road.If subscriber terminal equipment can be uploaded GPS information in real time, even the frequency of uploading is slow, for example per minute is uploaded once, and centring system also can be used to calculate Real-time Traffic Information according to the step process gps data among Figure 16.Figure 17 has shown the flow process of carrying out data interaction between bus user and the centring system.In this course, centring system and public transport user are actually and have adopted the mutual reciprocity and mutual benefit modality for co-operation.

When unsteady user data was the public transit vehicle data, the Real-time Road transport information that centring system is calculated can directly send to bus passenger and use, and used but can not directly send to the self driving user, needed to reject bus and stopped the error that bring at the station.When having only unsteady user for self driving or taxi user, the Real-time Traffic Information that the user data that floats calculates gained just can directly send to self driving user use.

Because bus routes is relatively-stationary, service time every day of bus routes is also different in size, if have only the public transit vehicle data can not guarantee to cover all urban roads, handle as the user data that floats so can upload data with taxi as the user data that floats.Figure 18 shown when the user data that floats be taxi upload data the time, road chain information generating apparatus 500 is handled the flow process of taxi data.Step S911 is with on the road chain of taxi Data Matching in the map: corresponding several the possible matching results of each taxi data.Whether step S913 judges the route of hiring a car is known by centring system.If taxi is equipped with navigating instrument, and the driver by navigating instrument to the centring system request path, travel according to the path of centring system feedback then, centring system is just known the route of taxi accurately so, the road chain that is promptly passed through, the unsteady user data that taxi is uploaded can be by accurate match to the chain of road, thereby calculates the transport information of outlet chain.Promptly next can handle according to step S915 and S923.If the taxi driver is not to the center requests path navigation, centring system is to know the destination of travelling of taxi so, also just can not utilize the taxi driver's common route that is kept at centring system as the common route of utilizing the user that floats.Forward step S919 to and handle this moment, because taxi may constantly uploaded the user data that floats, the road chain information generating apparatus 500 of centring system begins the carrying each time of taxi, and getting off to the passenger is considered as once complete travelling.To travel each time then is divided into the plurality of sections track, because the GPS that these tracks comprised point may compare rareness, and the road chain that therefore can not unique accurately definite track reality be passed through.Among the step S919 starting point and the terminal point of these tracks and the driver's user preference (common route) that is kept in the User Information Database 100 are compared, if can find the close route of terminus, just illustrate that this is driver's a common route, help the road chain of inferring that it comprises.Forward step S915 once more to, just can accurately calculate hire a car road chain, present located road chain and the position on the chain of road of process.If can not find the close route of terminus, just illustrate that this is not driver's a common route, just need judge in conjunction with taxi driver's other driving preference information, promptly by step S921 calculate the user that floats the road chain of process, present located road chain and the position on the chain of road, but the possibility of result that obtains is poorer than the precision as a result that step S915 obtains.Step S923 calculate hire a car the Real-time Traffic Information of road chain of process, as congestion status.

User's common route is the habitual route that unsteady user often walks though float, and the user that floats also may travel not according to common route once in a while, as runs into interim traffic restricted driving.The common route that (a) among Figure 19 goes to work for the user that floats 1234 every days; In (b) in Figure 19, dotted portion is by the restrict driving Iterim Change of user's 1234 working routes of causing of interim traffic, when the user 1234 that floats travels on this section road, its gps data of uploading can't mate common route, this time channel chain information generating apparatus 500 both can have been rejected this part data, this part data is not calculated road chain congestion information, can calculate the congestion information of road chain with conventional map-matching method yet in conjunction with the user's that floats driving preference.Because centring system can receive a large amount of unsteady user data in real time, and the calculating of the Real-time Traffic Information of every road chain is based on a plurality of unsteady user's data, so for every unsteady user, its data of uploading have excalation can't influence the calculating of centring system to the jam situation of whole road network.

In addition, the change of chronicity also may take place in the user's that floats preference, and for example road is constructed for a long time, and the user has to change route; Or the user has found better route; Or bus has changed lines of operation etc.The user changes because of preference if float, the unsteady user data that causes it to upload is regular not to match with known common route, road chain information generating apparatus 500 will be given user profile harvester 200 with this information feedback so, be used to upgrade user's preference information.

After having generated road chain congestion information, system just can provide the degree of blocking up or the hourage of various routes to the user.The user asks responding device 600 to be used to respond unsteady user's services request.For example, when the user to hourage of centring system request bar route or when reaching the hourage of certain destination, the user can send the destination title by SMS or other communication mode, the title of the route that he will walk or numbering, if the route of user's request is a common route, and be kept at the User Information Database 100 that is arranged in the center as user preference, centring system only needs route name or number information so, all road chains of just knowing this route and being comprised, offer the user that floats the hourage that can generate whole route from road chain information database 150, and traffic behavior up-to-date on this route can constantly be provided in user's driving procedure.The common route that the user is to and between some place has many, and centring system just can be selected for the user by installing 600 information that feed back to many routes of user so.If comprised required road chain information in user's the request, for example the navigating instrument on user's vehicle calculates the route that arrives the destination, the details of this route are sent to centring system, even this route never is kept in the centring system so, the user asks responding device 600 that information hourage of this route also can be provided, and can select for the user to better other routes of user feedback when route relatively blocks up.If do not comprise the road chain information in the user request information, the destination of being asked also never is kept in the User Information Database, and centring system still can be asked responding device 600 to generate one or more route by the user and be offered the user.And in user's driving procedure, constantly provide traffic behavior up-to-date on this route.

The user of system of the present invention both can be only request service, the domestic consumer of the user data that floats is not provided, also can provide the unsteady user of the user data that floats, unsteady user also can only provide the user data that floats not ask service, as taxi driver, bus driver etc.Float the user because unsteady user data is provided, so can enjoy the traffic-information service of rich personalityization more than domestic consumer.Domestic consumer is when centring system request traffic-information service, just mean that also the user will drive to go on a journey, the user can upload running data to centring system by client device under steam, this moment, he was just changed for the user that floats by domestic consumer, provide unsteady user data to system, and the unsteady user data that he provides will be used for the user service of the follow-up transport information of centring system generation for other.He own setting out before with driving process in received transport information again by calculating by centring system based on other unsteady user data.

Figure 20 has shown between unsteady user in the present embodiment and the centring system it is mutual benefit and collaboration how.When unsteady user A asks personalized traffic-information service, for example 7 the best working route and the shortest hourages from the family to the office of morning, centring system will utilize the unsteady user data that obtains from other unsteady users to calculate the information that user A wants.When system returns to user A with the result, simultaneously can be to the unsteady user data upload of user A request, if user A agrees to upload data, in case user A travels on the route that is on duty, in the unsteady customer data base of centring system, the data that the centring system utilization is kept at the customer data base that floats generate transport information to information such as the position that its client just can be ridden user A, speed as unsteady user data upload.Centring system both can provide personalized transport information to the user according to route of user, and the transport information of whole road network also can be provided to the user.But the user only is concerned about the situation on the own route of being walked usually, is very important so provide personalized transport information to the user.For example, may be different same route bus passenger hourage that receives and hourage that the self driving driver receives, because comprised the time of bus stop in the hourage that bus passenger receives.

The congestion in road situation of being calculated by the public transit vehicle data can comprise the time of bus bus stop, and there are difference in this and the inquisitive information of self driving user, and the influence that needs to reject the bus bus stop could be utilized by the self driving user.But, can directly directly be utilized by the bus passenger by the congestion in road situation that the public transit vehicle data are calculated.For example bus passenger B many bus routes of having gone to work from the family to the office are available, and passenger B is the unsteady user of system, and the bus routes from the family to the office has been kept in the centring system as user preference.When passenger B sends request to the center, when wishing to know the bus routes of the fastest arrival office.The user asks responding device 600 to calculate time of every required cost of bus routes from passenger B family to office, and the route of the best is returned to the user.Ask passenger B when taking bus, to upload the public transit vehicle data simultaneously.Because be to take mass transportation facilities, the individual privacy of bus passenger can be protected.Even bus passenger is unwilling to upload data, the data that a large amount of public transit vehicles itself are uploaded also enough are the bus passenger service.

In the present embodiment, if obtain the transport information of whole road network, need to have in the system abundant unsteady user that unsteady user data is provided.In order to address this problem, in the present embodiment, the user that floats also comprises public transit vehicle, bus passenger, taxi etc. except the self driving user.

User's form can be diversified in the system of the present invention, no matter is the domestic consumer that the user data that floats is not provided, and also provides the unsteady user of the user data that floats, and all is not limited to above mentioned several types.Anyone or thing need only riding public transportation means, or the participant of traffic, can become the domestic consumer and the unsteady user of system of the present invention.Previous embodiment is a kind of specific implementation form of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to previous embodiment.The different system that produces because of domestic consumer in the system or unsteady user's difference realizes, all belongs to the scope that the present invention describes.

Though in the above description, Fig. 4, Figure 10, Figure 16 and Figure 18 are to be to carry out entity the present invention is described in detail with the centring system, and these method flows are not limited to only realize in centring system, also can be implemented by client.Such embodiment is that those of ordinary skills realize according to above enlightenment easily, in order to read smoothly with succinct, in the detailed description of this omission to these embodiment.

In addition, in above description,, a plurality of cellular construction examples or step example have been enumerated at each embodiment, though the inventor indicates example associated with each other as much as possible, this does not also mean that must there be corresponding relation in these examples according to corresponding label.As long as selected cellular construction example or step example do not have contradiction between given condition, can be in different embodiments, select the not corresponding example of label to constitute the corresponding techniques scheme, such technical scheme also should be considered as within the scope of the invention involved.

So far invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments.Should be appreciated that those skilled in the art can carry out various other change, replacement and interpolations under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, scope of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, and should be limited by claims.

Claims

1. a Traffic Information writes down server, comprising:

R-T unit is used to receive the GPS information of the described GPS user terminal of GPS user terminal real-time report;

Memory storage is used for effective GPS information of the prediction route and the described GPS user terminal of storing map information, described GPS user terminal; And

Screening plant is used for according to described cartographic information, and the GPS information of the described GPS user terminal that will conform to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is recorded in the described memory storage as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

2. Traffic Information record server according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The prediction route of described GPS user terminal is to set in advance and report described Traffic Information record server by the user under the described GPS user terminal by described GPS user terminal, and

Described R-T unit also is used to receive the prediction route by the described GPS user terminal of described GPS user terminal to send up.

3. Traffic Information record server according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described R-T unit also is used to receive starting point and the terminal point that is reported in advance by described GPS user terminal,

Described Traffic Information record server also comprises: prediction route generating apparatus, be used for generating the prediction route of described GPS user terminal in advance according to described starting point and described terminal point, and

Described R-T unit also is used for the prediction route of the described GPS user terminal of described prediction route generating apparatus generation is sent to described GPS user terminal.

4. Traffic Information record server according to claim 1 also comprises:

Prediction route generating apparatus is used for the historical effectively GPS information according to described GPS user terminal, generates the prediction route of described GPS user terminal by cluster operation.

5. according to the described Traffic Information record of one of claim 1～4 server, also comprise:

Estimation device is used for extrapolating the Traffic Information on every road according to the effective GPS information that is currently located at all the GPS user terminals on every road.

6. according to the described Traffic Information record of one of claim 1～5 server, it is characterized in that:

The GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: the current location of described GPS user terminal, and

Effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal with the corresponding position of the current location of described GPS user terminal.

7. Traffic Information record server according to claim 6 is characterized in that:

The GPS information of described GPS user terminal also comprises: calls time on corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal, and

Effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal also comprises: call time on corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal.

8. according to claim 6 or 7 described Traffic Information record servers, it is characterized in that:

If the bee-line between the prediction route of the current location of described GPS user terminal and described GPS user terminal is smaller or equal to predetermined threshold value, then described screening plant determines that the current location of described GPS user terminal conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

9. according to claim 6 or 7 described Traffic Information record servers, it is characterized in that:

If the bee-line between the prediction route of the current location of described GPS user terminal and described GPS user terminal is smaller or equal to the bee-line between the every other route in the current location of described GPS user terminal and the described cartographic information, then described screening plant determines that the current location of described GPS user terminal conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

10. GPS user terminal comprises:

The GPS unit is used for the GPS information of gathering described GPS user terminal in real time;

Memory storage is used for the prediction route of storing map information and described GPS user terminal;

Screening plant is used for according to described cartographic information, determines whether the GPS information of being gathered described GPS unit conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal; And

R-T unit, the GPS information that is used for the described GPS user terminal that will conform to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is sent to Traffic Information record server as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

11. GPS user terminal according to claim 10 is characterized in that:

The prediction route of described GPS user terminal is to be set in advance by the user under the described GPS user terminal.

12. GPS user terminal according to claim 10 is characterized in that:

Described R-T unit also is used for reporting starting point and the terminal point that is set in advance by the user under the described GPS user terminal to described Traffic Information record server,

Described Traffic Information record server is according to described starting point and described terminal point, and generate in advance and send the prediction route of described GPS user terminal to described GPS user terminal, and

Described R-T unit also is used to receive the prediction route of the described GPS user terminal that is sent by described Traffic Information record server.

13. GPS user terminal according to claim 10 also comprises:

14. GPS user terminal according to claim 13 is characterized in that:

Described memory storage also is used to store the historical effectively GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

15. GPS user terminal according to claim 13 is characterized in that:

Described R-T unit also is used to receive the historical effectively GPS information of the described GPS user terminal that is sent by described Traffic Information record server.

16., it is characterized in that according to the described GPS user terminal of one of claim 10～15:

Described R-T unit also is used to receive the Traffic Information on every the road that is sent by described Traffic Information record server.

17., it is characterized in that according to the described GPS user terminal of one of claim 10～16:

18. GPS user terminal according to claim 17 is characterized in that:

The GPS information of described user terminal also comprises: with the corresponding acquisition time of the current location of described GPS user terminal, and

Effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal also comprises: with the corresponding acquisition time of the current location of described GPS user terminal.

19., it is characterized in that according to claim 17 or 18 described GPS user terminals:

20., it is characterized in that according to claim 17 or 18 described GPS user terminals:

21., it is characterized in that according to the described GPS user terminal of one of claim 10～20:

Described GPS user terminal is vehicle GPS user terminal or hand-held GPS user terminal.

22. GPS user terminal according to claim 21 is characterized in that:

Described vehicle GPS user terminal is a bus vehicle GPS user terminal.

23. a bus vehicle GPS user terminal comprises:

The GPS unit is used for the current location of gathering described GPS user terminal in real time;

Memory storage is used for the fixed course of storing map information and described bus;

Screening plant is used for according to described cartographic information, determines whether the GPS information of being gathered described GPS unit conforms to the fixed course of described bus; And

R-T unit, be used for on the fixed course of described bus with the corresponding position of the current location of described GPS user terminal and on the active position dot information that calls time as described GPS user terminal be sent to Traffic Information record server.

24. bus vehicle GPS user terminal according to claim 23 is characterized in that:

The fixed course of described bus comprises many fixed courses, and

Described bus vehicle GPS user terminal also comprises:

The fixed course selected cell is used for the operation according to the user, selects the current fixed course as described bus from described many fixed courses.

Wherein, described screening plant only determines whether the GPS information that described GPS unit is gathered conforms to the current fixed course of described bus.