CA2436537C - Pharmaceutical compositions comprising tiotropium salts and antihistamines - Google Patents
Pharmaceutical compositions comprising tiotropium salts and antihistamines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2436537C CA2436537C CA002436537A CA2436537A CA2436537C CA 2436537 C CA2436537 C CA 2436537C CA 002436537 A CA002436537 A CA 002436537A CA 2436537 A CA2436537 A CA 2436537A CA 2436537 C CA2436537 C CA 2436537C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pharmaceutical composition
- composition according
- component
- antihistamines
- tiotropium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- LERNTVKEWCAPOY-DZZGSBJMSA-N tiotropium Chemical class O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2[N+]([C@H](C1)[C@@H]1[C@H]2O1)(C)C)C(=O)C(O)(C=1SC=CC=1)C1=CC=CS1 LERNTVKEWCAPOY-DZZGSBJMSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000739 antihistaminic agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229940125715 antihistaminic agent Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 mizolastin Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940110309 tiotropium Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- JAUOIFJMECXRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Neoclaritin Chemical compound C=1C(Cl)=CC=C2C=1CCC1=CC=CN=C1C2=C1CCNCC1 JAUOIFJMECXRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZKLPARSLTMPFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cetirizine Chemical compound C1CN(CCOCC(=O)O)CCN1C(C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZKLPARSLTMPFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZCGOMHNNNFPNMX-YHYDXASRSA-N Levocabastinum Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C(O)=O)CCN(C[C@H]2C)C2CCC(CC2)(C#N)C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 ZCGOMHNNNFPNMX-YHYDXASRSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960001971 ebastine Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- MJJALKDDGIKVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ebastine Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCN1CCC(OC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 MJJALKDDGIKVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960003088 loratadine Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N loratadine Chemical compound C1CN(C(=O)OCC)CCC1=C1C2=NC=CC=C2CCC2=CC(Cl)=CC=C21 JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010039085 Rhinitis allergic Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- GUGOEEXESWIERI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terfenadine Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C(O)CCCN1CCC(C(O)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 GUGOEEXESWIERI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000010105 allergic rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001387 anti-histamine Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037916 non-allergic rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- PWWVAXIEGOYWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isophenergan Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CC(C)N(C)C)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 PWWVAXIEGOYWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZCVMWBYGMWKGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ketotifene Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCC1=C1C2=CC=CC=C2CC(=O)C2=C1C=CS2 ZCVMWBYGMWKGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJHNSHDBIRRJRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(2-pyridinyl)-1-propanamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1C(CCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 IJHNSHDBIRRJRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002526 bamipine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- VZSXTYKGYWISGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bamipine Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCC1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VZSXTYKGYWISGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001803 cetirizine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002881 clemastine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- YNNUSGIPVFPVBX-NHCUHLMSSA-N clemastine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@@H]1CCO[C@@](C)(C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YNNUSGIPVFPVBX-NHCUHLMSSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004993 dimenhydrinate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- MZDOIJOUFRQXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimenhydrinate Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=NC(Cl)=N[C]21.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MZDOIJOUFRQXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MVMQESMQSYOVGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimetindene Chemical compound CN(C)CCC=1CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 MVMQESMQSYOVGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000520 diphenhydramine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960005178 doxylamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- HCFDWZZGGLSKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N doxylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1C(C)(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HCFDWZZGGLSKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004958 ketotifen Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001190 pheniramine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003910 promethazine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005826 halohydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclobutane Chemical compound C1CCC1 PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OCJYIGYOJCODJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meclizine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(CN2CCN(CC2)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1 OCJYIGYOJCODJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenhydramine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl sulfate Chemical class COS(O)(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 208000018569 Respiratory Tract disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 30
- LERNTVKEWCAPOY-VOGVJGKGSA-N C[N+]1(C)[C@H]2C[C@H](C[C@@H]1[C@H]1O[C@@H]21)OC(=O)C(O)(c1cccs1)c1cccs1 Chemical compound C[N+]1(C)[C@H]2C[C@H](C[C@@H]1[C@H]1O[C@@H]21)OC(=O)C(O)(c1cccs1)c1cccs1 LERNTVKEWCAPOY-VOGVJGKGSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229960000257 tiotropium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 23
- VKXSGUIOOQPGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N epinastine hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[Cl-].C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2CN=C(N)N2C2=CC=CC=C21 VKXSGUIOOQPGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 12
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229960001375 lactose Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical class Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical class CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OVBJJZOQPCKUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C[NH+](CC([O-])=O)CC[NH+](CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O OVBJJZOQPCKUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical class OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MQLXPRBEAHBZTK-SEINRUQRSA-M tiotropium bromide hydrate Chemical compound O.[Br-].C[N+]1(C)[C@H]2C[C@@H](C[C@@H]1[C@H]1O[C@@H]21)OC(=O)C(O)(c1cccs1)c1cccs1 MQLXPRBEAHBZTK-SEINRUQRSA-M 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229940037001 sodium edetate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical class OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical class NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical class O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008347 soybean phospholipid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPCKHVPPRJWQRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzhydryloxy-n,n-dimethylethanamine;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 SPCKHVPPRJWQRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-1-piperidin-4-ylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CC(O)CN1C1CCNCC1 HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WSVLPVUVIUVCRA-KPKNDVKVSA-N Alpha-lactose monohydrate Chemical compound O.O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O WSVLPVUVIUVCRA-KPKNDVKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical class CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001078 anti-cholinergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004365 benzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetylpyridinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001927 cetylpyridinium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002598 fumaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007951 isotonicity adjuster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001021 lactose monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002160 maltose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007922 nasal spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940097496 nasal spray Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002831 pharmacologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068965 polysorbates Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036515 potency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011287 therapeutic dose Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/439—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom the ring forming part of a bridged ring system, e.g. quinuclidine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/46—8-Azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane; Derivatives thereof, e.g. atropine, cocaine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/4738—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4745—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems condensed with ring systems having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. phenantrolines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/57—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane or progesterone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/02—Nasal agents, e.g. decongestants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0043—Nose
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to novel pharmaceutical compositions based on tiotropium salts and antihistamines, processes for preparing them and their use in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases.
Description
Pharmaceutical Compositions Comprising Tiotropium Salts and Antihistamines The present invention relates to novel pharmaceutical compositions based on tiotropium salts and antihistamines, processes for preparing them and their use in the treatment of respiratory diseases.
Description of the invention The present invention relates to novel pharmaceutical compositions based on tiotropium salts and antihistamines, processes for prqparing them and their use in the treatment of respiratory diseases.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof;
(b) one or more antihistamines; and optionally (c) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients preferably selected from monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyalcohols, and salts.
In one embodiment the pharmaceutical composition is an inhalable powder or a powder for nasal administration.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof;
and (b) one or more antihistamines, with the proviso that a pharmaceutical composition comprising a tiotropium salt in a concentration based on tiotropium of between 0.0005 and 5 %
by weight, an antihistamine, water as a solvent in which at least the tiotropium salt is dissolved, acid for achieving a pH of between 2.0 and 3.1, a pharmacologically acceptable la preservative, and an etidic acid salt in an amount of up to 25 mgJ100m1 is excluded.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof; and (b) one or more antihistamines, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is an inhalable powder or a powder for nasal administration.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof; and (b) one or more antihistamines, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a propellant-containing inhalable aerosol wherein components (a) and (b) are dissolved in the aerosol or dispersed in the aerosol.
Surprisingly, it has been found that an unexpectedly beneficial therapeutic effect, particularly a synergistic effect can be observed in the treatment of diseases of the upper or lower respiratory tract, particularly in the treatment of allergic or non-allergic rhinitis, if one or more, preferably one anticholinergic is or are used together with one or more, preferably one, antihistamine.
The effects mentioned above are observed both when the two active substances are administered simultaneously in a single active substance formulation and when they are administered successively in separate formulations.
According to the invention, it is preferable if the two active substance ingredients are administered simultaneously in a single formulation.
lb Within the scope of the present invention the term tiotropium salts 1 denotes salts which contain tiotropium, the pharmacologically active ingredient, as cation. Within the scope of the present patent application, any reference to the above cation is indicated by the use of the number 1'. Any reference to compounds 1 naturally also includes a reference to the ingredient 1' (tiotropium).
By the salts 1 which may be used within the scope of the present invention are meant the compounds which contain, in addition to tiotropium as counter-ion (anion), chloride, bromide, iodide, methanesulphonate, para-toluenesulphonate or methylsulphate. Within the scope of the present invention, the methanesulphonate, chloride, bromide and iodide are preferred of all the salts 1, the methanesulphonate Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
Description of the invention The present invention relates to novel pharmaceutical compositions based on tiotropium salts and antihistamines, processes for prqparing them and their use in the treatment of respiratory diseases.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof;
(b) one or more antihistamines; and optionally (c) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients preferably selected from monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, polyalcohols, and salts.
In one embodiment the pharmaceutical composition is an inhalable powder or a powder for nasal administration.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof;
and (b) one or more antihistamines, with the proviso that a pharmaceutical composition comprising a tiotropium salt in a concentration based on tiotropium of between 0.0005 and 5 %
by weight, an antihistamine, water as a solvent in which at least the tiotropium salt is dissolved, acid for achieving a pH of between 2.0 and 3.1, a pharmacologically acceptable la preservative, and an etidic acid salt in an amount of up to 25 mgJ100m1 is excluded.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof; and (b) one or more antihistamines, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is an inhalable powder or a powder for nasal administration.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof; and (b) one or more antihistamines, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a propellant-containing inhalable aerosol wherein components (a) and (b) are dissolved in the aerosol or dispersed in the aerosol.
Surprisingly, it has been found that an unexpectedly beneficial therapeutic effect, particularly a synergistic effect can be observed in the treatment of diseases of the upper or lower respiratory tract, particularly in the treatment of allergic or non-allergic rhinitis, if one or more, preferably one anticholinergic is or are used together with one or more, preferably one, antihistamine.
The effects mentioned above are observed both when the two active substances are administered simultaneously in a single active substance formulation and when they are administered successively in separate formulations.
According to the invention, it is preferable if the two active substance ingredients are administered simultaneously in a single formulation.
lb Within the scope of the present invention the term tiotropium salts 1 denotes salts which contain tiotropium, the pharmacologically active ingredient, as cation. Within the scope of the present patent application, any reference to the above cation is indicated by the use of the number 1'. Any reference to compounds 1 naturally also includes a reference to the ingredient 1' (tiotropium).
By the salts 1 which may be used within the scope of the present invention are meant the compounds which contain, in addition to tiotropium as counter-ion (anion), chloride, bromide, iodide, methanesulphonate, para-toluenesulphonate or methylsulphate. Within the scope of the present invention, the methanesulphonate, chloride, bromide and iodide are preferred of all the salts 1, the methanesulphonate Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
and bromide being of particular importance. Tiotropium bromide is of outstanding importance according to the invention as the salt 1.
Within the scope of the present invention the term antihistamines (hereinafter 2) denotes compounds selected from among epinastin, cetirizine, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, mizolastin, ketotifen, emedastin, dimetinden, clemastine, bamipin, cexchlorpheniramine, pheniramine, doxylamine, chlorphenoxamin, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, promethazine, ebastin, desloratidine and meciozin.
Preferably, compound 2 is selected from among epinastin, cetirizin, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, ebastin, desloratidine and mizolastin, while epinastin and desloratidine are particularly preferred as compound 2 according to the invention. Most preferably, epinastin is used as compound 2 within the scope of the present invention.
Any reference to the abovementioned antihistamines 2 within the scope of the present invention includes a reference to any pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof which may exist.
By the physiologically acceptable acid addition salts which may be formed from 2 are meant, according to the invention, pharmaceutically acceptable salts selected from among the salts of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulphonic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid or maleic acid. Preferred salts of the compounds 2 are those selected from among the acetate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulphate, phosphate and methanesulphonate. In this context, hydrochlorides and hydrobromides are particularly preferred. In the case of epinastin, which is particularly preferred according to the invention, epinastin hydrochloride is of exceptional importance.
The pharmaceutical combinations of 1 and 2 according to the invention are preferably administered by inhalation or by nasal application. Suitable inhalable powders packed into suitable capsules (inhalettes) may be administered using suitable powder inhalers. Altematively, the drug may be inhaled by the application of suitable inhalation aerosols. These include inhalation aerosols which contain HFA134a (also known as TG134a), HFA227 (also known as TG227) or a mixture thereof as propellant gas. The drug may also be inhaled using suitable solutions of the pharmaceutical combination consisting of I and 2.
Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
Within the scope of the present invention the term antihistamines (hereinafter 2) denotes compounds selected from among epinastin, cetirizine, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, mizolastin, ketotifen, emedastin, dimetinden, clemastine, bamipin, cexchlorpheniramine, pheniramine, doxylamine, chlorphenoxamin, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, promethazine, ebastin, desloratidine and meciozin.
Preferably, compound 2 is selected from among epinastin, cetirizin, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, ebastin, desloratidine and mizolastin, while epinastin and desloratidine are particularly preferred as compound 2 according to the invention. Most preferably, epinastin is used as compound 2 within the scope of the present invention.
Any reference to the abovementioned antihistamines 2 within the scope of the present invention includes a reference to any pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof which may exist.
By the physiologically acceptable acid addition salts which may be formed from 2 are meant, according to the invention, pharmaceutically acceptable salts selected from among the salts of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulphonic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid or maleic acid. Preferred salts of the compounds 2 are those selected from among the acetate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulphate, phosphate and methanesulphonate. In this context, hydrochlorides and hydrobromides are particularly preferred. In the case of epinastin, which is particularly preferred according to the invention, epinastin hydrochloride is of exceptional importance.
The pharmaceutical combinations of 1 and 2 according to the invention are preferably administered by inhalation or by nasal application. Suitable inhalable powders packed into suitable capsules (inhalettes) may be administered using suitable powder inhalers. Altematively, the drug may be inhaled by the application of suitable inhalation aerosols. These include inhalation aerosols which contain HFA134a (also known as TG134a), HFA227 (also known as TG227) or a mixture thereof as propellant gas. The drug may also be inhaled using suitable solutions of the pharmaceutical combination consisting of I and 2.
Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
If the pharmaceutical combination of 1 and 2 is administered nasally, suitable solutions which may be administered by appropriate pumps can be used.
Altematively, it may be administered nasally by the application of suitable powders.
In one aspect, therefore, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which contains a combination of 1 and 2.
In another aspect the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which contains one or more salts 1 and one or more compounds 2 optionally in the form of their solvates or hydrates. The active substances may either be combined in a single preparation or contained in two separate formulations. Pharmaceutical compositions which contain the active substances I and 2 in a single preparation are preferred according to the invention.
In another aspect the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which contains, in addition to therapeutically effective quantities of I and 2, a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In another aspect the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which does not contain any pharmaceutically acceptable excipient in addition to therapeutically effective quantities of I
and 2.
The present invention also relates to the use of 1 and 2 for preparing a pharmaceutical composition containing therapeutically effective quantities of 1 and 2 for treating diseases of the upper or lower respiratory tract, particularly for treating allergic or non-allergic rhinitis.
The present invention further relates to the simultaneous or successive use of therapeutically effective doses of the combination of the above pharmaceutical compositions I and 2 for treating diseases of the upper or lower respiratory tract, particularly for treating allergic or non-allergic rhinitis.
In the active substance combinations of I and 2 according to the invention, ingredients I and 2 may be present in the form of their enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers or in the form of racemates.
The proportions in which the two active substances I and 2 may be used in the active substance combinations according to the invention are variable. Active Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
Altematively, it may be administered nasally by the application of suitable powders.
In one aspect, therefore, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which contains a combination of 1 and 2.
In another aspect the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which contains one or more salts 1 and one or more compounds 2 optionally in the form of their solvates or hydrates. The active substances may either be combined in a single preparation or contained in two separate formulations. Pharmaceutical compositions which contain the active substances I and 2 in a single preparation are preferred according to the invention.
In another aspect the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which contains, in addition to therapeutically effective quantities of I and 2, a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In another aspect the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which does not contain any pharmaceutically acceptable excipient in addition to therapeutically effective quantities of I
and 2.
The present invention also relates to the use of 1 and 2 for preparing a pharmaceutical composition containing therapeutically effective quantities of 1 and 2 for treating diseases of the upper or lower respiratory tract, particularly for treating allergic or non-allergic rhinitis.
The present invention further relates to the simultaneous or successive use of therapeutically effective doses of the combination of the above pharmaceutical compositions I and 2 for treating diseases of the upper or lower respiratory tract, particularly for treating allergic or non-allergic rhinitis.
In the active substance combinations of I and 2 according to the invention, ingredients I and 2 may be present in the form of their enantiomers, mixtures of enantiomers or in the form of racemates.
The proportions in which the two active substances I and 2 may be used in the active substance combinations according to the invention are variable. Active Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
substances 1 and 2 may possibly be present in the form of their solvates or hydrates.
Depending on the choice of the compounds 1 and 2, the weight ratios which may be used within the scope of the present invention vary on the basis of the different molecular weights of the various compounds and their different potencies. As a rule, the pharmaceutical combinations according to the invention may contain compounds I and 2 in ratios by weight ranging from 1:300 to 50:1, preferably from 1:250 to 40:1.
In the particularly preferred pharmaceutical combinations which contain tiotropium salt as compound 1, the weight ratios of 1- to 2 are most preferably in a range in which tiotropium 1' and 2 are present in proportions of 1:150 to 30:1, more preferably from 1:50 to 20:1.
For example, without restricting the scope of the invention thereto, preferred combinations of I and 2 according to the invention may contain tiotropium 1' and antihistamine 2 in the following weight ratios: 1:80; 1:79; 1:78; 1:77; 1:76;
1:75; 1:74;
1:73; 1:72; 1:71; 1:70; 1:69; 1:68; 1:67; 1:66; 1:65; 1:64; 1:63 1:62; 1:61;
1:60; 1:59;
1:58; 1:57; 1:56; 1:55; 1:54; 1:53; 1:52; 1:51; 1:50; 1:49; 1:48; 1:47; 1:46;
1:45; 1:44;
1:43; 1:42; 1:41; 1:40; 1:39; 1:38; 1:37; 1:36; 1:35; 1:34; 1:33; 1:32; 1:31;
1:30; 1:29;
1:28; 1:27; 1:26; 1:25; 1:24; 1:23; 1:22; 1:21; 1:20; 1:19; 1:18; 1:17; 1:16;
1:15; 1:14;
1:13; 1:12; 1:11; 1:10; 1:9; 1:8; 1:7; 1:6; 1:5; 1:4; 1:3; 1:2; 1:1; 2:1; 3:1;
4:1; 5:1; 6:1;
7:1; 8:1; 9:1; 10:1; 11:1; 12:1; 13:1; 14:1; 15:1; 16:1; 17:1; 18:1; 19:1;
20:1.
The pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention containing the combinations of I and 2 are normally administered so that 1 and 2 are present together in doses of 0.01 to 10,000 g, preferably from 0.1 to 2000 g, more preferably from 1 to 1500 g, better still from 50 to 1200 g per single dose.
For example, combinations of 1 and 2 according to the invention contain a quantity of tiotropium 1' and antihistamine 2 such that the total dosage per single dose is 100pg, 105Ng, 110Ng, 115Ng, 120Ng, 125pg, 130Ng, 135Ng, 140Ng, 145Ng, 150Ng, 155Ng, 160Ng, 165pg, 170pg, 175Ng, 180pg,185pg, 190Ng, 195Ng, 200pg, 205pg, 210Ng, 215Ng, 220Ng, 225Ng, 230Ng, 235pg, 240Ng, 245Ng, 250Ng, 255Ng, 260Ng, 265Ng, 270pg, 275Ng, 280Ng, 285Ng, 290Ng, 295Ng, 300Ng, 305Ng, 310Ng, 315Ng, 320Ng, 325Ng, 330Ng, 335Ng, 340Ng, 345Ng, 350pg, 355Ng, 360Ng, 365Ng, 370Ng, 375Ng, 380Ng, 385Ng, 390Ng, 395Ng, 400Ng, 405Ng, 410iag, 415Ng, 420Ng, 425Ng, 430Ng, 435pg, 440pg, 445Ng, 450Ng, 455Ng, 460Ng, 465Ng, 470Ng, 475pg, 480Ng, 485Ng, 490Ng, 495Ng, 500Ng, 505Ng, 510Ng, 515pg, 520Ng, 525Ng, 530pg, 535Ng, 540Ng, 545Ng, 550Ng, 555pg, 560Ng, 565Ng, 570Ng, 575Ng, 580N9, 585Ng, 590Ng, 595Ng, 600Ng, 605pg, 610Ng, 615pg, 620pg, 625pg, 630Ng, 635ug, 640Ng, 645Ng, 650pg, 655Ng, 660Ng, 665Ng, 670pg, 675Ng, 680Ng, 685Ng, 690pg, 695Ng, 700Ng, 705pg, Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
710Ng, 715Ng, 720pg, 725pg, 730Ng, 735Ng, 740tag, 745Ng, 750Ng, 755tag, 760pg, 765Ng, 770Ng, 775Ng, 780Ng, 785Ng, 790Ng, 795Ng, 800Ng, 805Ng, 810pg, 815Ng, 820pg, 825Ng, 830Ng, 835Ng, 840 g, 845Ng, 850Ng, 855Ng, 860Ng, 865pg, 870pg, 875Ng, 880Ng, 885pg, 890Ng, 895Ng, 900Ng, 905Ng, 910Ng, 915pg, 920Ng, 925pg, 930Ng, 935Ng, 940Ng, 945Ng, 950Ng, 955Ng, 960Ng, 965Ng, 970pg, 975pg, 980Ng, 985Ng, 990Ng, 995Ng, 1000pg, 1005Ng, 1010Ng, 1015Ng, 1020Ng, 1025Ng, 1030Ng, 1035Ng, 1040Ng, 1045Ng, 1050Ng, 1055Ng, 1060Ng, 1065Ng, 1070Ng, 1075pg, 1080pg, 1085Ng, 1090Ng, 1095}ag, 1100Ng or the like. The proposed dosages per single dose suggested above are not to be regarded as being restricted to the numerical values actually stated, but are intended only as examples of dosages. Of course, dosages which fluctuate around the above values in a range of about +/-2.5Ng are also covered by the values given above by way of example. In these dosage ranges the active substances 1' and 2 may be present in the weight ratios specified above.
For example, without restricting the scope of the invention thereto, the combinations of 1 and 2 according to the invention may contain a quantity of tiotropium 1' and antihistamine 2 such that, in each individual dose, 5pg of 1' and 25pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 50Ng of 2, 5pg of 1' and 100Ng of 2, 5pg of 1' and 200pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 300pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 400pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 500pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 600Ng of 2, 5Ng of 1' and 700Ng of 2, 5pg of 1' and 800Ng of 2, 5Ng of 1' and 900pg of 2, 5Ng of 1' and 1000Ng of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 25pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 50Ng of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 100tag of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 200pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 300pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 400pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 500pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 600pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 700pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 800pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 900Ng of 2, 10iag of 1' and 1000Ng of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 25Ng of 2, 18Ng of l'and 50Ng of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 100Ng of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 200pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 300pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 400pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 500pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 600pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 700pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 800pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 900Ng of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 1000Ng of 2, 20pg of 1' and 25pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 50pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 100pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 200pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 300pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 400pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 500pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 600Ng of 2, 20pg of 1' and 700pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 800pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 900pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 1000Ng of 2, 36pg of 1' and 25pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 50Ng of 2, 36pg of V and 100Ng of 2, 36pg of V and 200pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 300Ng of 2, 36pg of 1' and 400pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 500pg of 2, 36pg of V
and 600pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 700pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 800pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 900pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 1 000Ng of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 25pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
50Ng of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 100Ng of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 200pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 300pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 400pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 500pg of 2 or 40Ng of 1' and 600pg of 2, 40pg of 1' and 700pg of 2, 40iag of 1' and 800pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 900Ng of 2, 40pg of 1' and 1000Ng of 2 are administered.
If the active substance combination in which I denotes tiotropium bromide is used as the preferred combination of I and 2 according to the invention, the quantities of active substance 1' and 2 administered per single dose mentioned by way of example correspond to the following quantities of 1 and 2 administered per single dose: 6pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 6pg of I and 50Ng of 2, 6pg of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 6pg of I and 200pg of 2, 6pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 6pg of I and 400pg of 2, 6pg of 1 and 500pg of 2, 6pg of I and 600pg of 2, 6pg of I and 700pg of 2, 6pg of and 800pg of 2, 6pg of 1 and 900pg of 2, 6pg of 1 and 1000pg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 12pg of I and lOOpg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 200Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 400Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 500Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 600Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 700Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 800pg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 900Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 1000pg of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 25pg of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 21.7pg of 1 and 200pg of 2, 21.7pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 21.7pg of I and 400pg of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 500pg of 2, 21.7pg of 1 and 600Ng of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 700Ng of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 800Ng of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 900Ng of 2, 21.7pg of and 1000Ng of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 200pg of 2, 24.1 Ng of 1 and 300pg of 2, 24.1 Ng of 1 and 400pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 500pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 600pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 700pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 800pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 900pg of 2, 24.1 Ng of 1 and 1000Ng of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 200pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 400pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 500pg of 2, 43.3pg of and 600pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 700pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 800pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 900Ng of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 1000pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 200pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 400pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 500pg of 2, 48.1 tag of 1 and 600Ng of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 700Ng of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 800pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 900Ng of 2 or 48.1 pg of 1 and 1000Ng of 2.
If the active substance combination in which I is tiotropium bromide monohydrate is used as the preferred combination of 1 and 2 according to the invention, the quantities of 1' and 2 administered per single dose specified by way of example Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
hereinbefore correspond to the following quantities of 1 and 2 administered per single dose:6.2Ng 1 and 25pg 2, 6.2Ng 1 and 50pg 2, 6.2pg I and 100Ng 2, 6.2pg I and 200pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 300pg 2, 6.2pg I and 400Ng 2, 6.2pg I and 500pg 2, 6.2Ng and 600pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 700pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 800pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 900pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 1000Ng 2, 12.5Ng 1 and 25pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 50Ng 2, 12.5pg 1 and 100Ng 2, 12.5pg 1 and 200pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 300pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 400pg 2, 12.5Ng 1 and 500pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 600pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 700pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 800pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 900pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 1000Ng 2, 22.5pg 1 and 25pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 50pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 100Ng 2, 22.5pg 1 and 200pg 2, 22.5pg I and 300pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 400pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 500Ng 2, 22.5pg 1 and 600pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 700pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 800pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 900Ng 2, 22.5pg 1 and 1000Ng 2, 25pg 1 and 25pg 2, 25pg I and 50Ng 2, 25pg I and 100Ng 2, 25pg I and 200pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 300pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 400pg 2, 25pg 1 and 500pg 2, 25pg 1 and 600pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 700pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 800Ng 2, 25pg 1 and 900pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 1000Ng 2, 45Ng 1 and 25pg 2, 45pg I and 50Ng 2, 45Ng 1 and 100Ng 2, 45pg I and 200pg 2, 45Ng 1 and 300pg 2, 45pg 1 and 400pg 2, 45pg 1 and 500pg 2, 45Ng 1 and 600pg 2, 45pg 1 and 700pg 2, 45Ng 1 and 800pg 2, 45pg 1 and 900pg 2, 45Ng 1 and 1000pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 25pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 50Ng 2, 50Ng 1 and 100Ng 2, 50pg I and 200pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 300pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 400pg 2, 50pg 1 and 500pg 2, 50pg 1 and 600pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 700pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 800pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 900pg 2 or 50Ng 1 and 1000Ng 2.
The active substance combinations of 1 and 2 according to the invention are preferably administered by inhalation or by nasal application. For this purpose, ingredients 1 and 2 have to be made available in inhalable or nasal forms.
Inhalable preparations include inhalable powders, propellant-containing metering aerosols or propellant-free inhalable solutions. Inhalable powders according to the invention containing the combination of active substances 1 and 2 may consist of the active substances on their own or of a mixture of the active substances with physiologically acceptable excipients. Within the scope of the present invention, the term propellant-free inhalable solutions also includes concentrates or sterile inhalable solutions ready for use. The preparations according to the invention may contain the combination of active substances 1 and 2 either together in one formulation or in two separate formulations. These formulations which may be used within the scope of the present invention are described in more detail in the next part of the specification.
Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
A) Inhalable powder containing the combinations of active substances I and 2 according to the invention:
The inhalable powders according to the invention may contain I and 2 either on their own or in admixture with suitable physiologically acceptable excipients.
If the active substances 1 and 2 are present in admixture with physiologically acceptable excipients, the following physiologically acceptable excipients may be used to prepare these inhalable powders according to the invention:
monosaccharides (e.g. glucose or arabinose), disaccharides (e.g. lactose, saccharose, maltose), oligo- and polysaccharides (e.g. dextrane), polyalcohols (e.g.
sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol), salts (e.g. sodium chloride, calcium carbonate) or mixtures of these excipients with one another. Preferably, mono- or disaccharides are used, while the use of lactose or glucose is preferred, particularly, but not exclusively, in the form of their hydrates. For the purposes of the invention, lactose is the particularly preferred excipient, while lactose monohydrate is most particularly preferred.
Within the scope of the inhalable powders according to the invention the excipients have a maximum average particle size of up to 250pm, preferably between 10 and 150pm, most preferably between 15 and 80Nm. It may sometimes seem appropriate to add finer excipient fractions with an average particle size of 1 to 9pm to the excipients mentioned above. These finer excipients are also selected from the group of possible excipients listed hereinbefore. Finally, in order to prepare the inhalable powders according to the invention, micronised active substance 1 and 2 preferably with an average particle size of 0.5 to 10 m, more preferably from 1 to 5 m, is added to the excipient mixture. Processes for producing the inhalable powders according to the invention by grinding and micronising and by finally mixing the ingredients together are known from the prior art. The inhalable powders according to the invention may be prepared and administered either in the form of a single powder mixture which contains both 1 and 2 or in the form of separate inhalable powders which contain only 1 or 2.
The inhalable powders according to the invention may be administered using inhalers known from the prior art. Inhalable powders according to the invention which contain a physiologically acceptable excipient in addition to 1 and 2 may be administered, for example, by means of inhalers which deliver a single dose from a supply using a measuring chamber as described in US 4570630A, or by other means as described in DE 36 25 685 A. Preferably, the inhalable powders according to the invention which contain physiologically acceptable excipient in addition to I and 2 are packed into capsuies (to. produce so-called inhalettes) which are used in inhalers as described, for example, in WO 94/28958.
A particularly preferred inhaler for administering the pharmaceutical combination according to the invention in inhalettes is shown in Figure 1.
TM
This inhaler (Handihaler) for inhaling powdered pharmaceutical compositions from capsules is characterised by a housing 1 containing two windows 2, a deck 3 in which there are air inlet ports and which is provided with a screen 5 secured via a screen housing 4 an inhalation chamber 6 connected to the deck 3 on which there is a push button 9 provided with two sharpened pins 7 and movable counter to a spring 8, and a mouthpiece 12 which is connected to the housing 1, the deck 3 and a cover 11 via a spindle 10 to enable it to be flipped open or shut.
If the inhalable powders according to the invention are packed into capsules (inhalers) for the preferred use described above, the quantities packed into each capsule should be 1 to 30mg, preferably 3 to 20mg, more particularly 5 to 10mg of inhalable powder per capsule. These capsules contain, according to the invention, either together or separately, the doses of 1' and 2 mentioned hereinbefore for each single dose.
B) Propellant gas-driven inhalation aerosols containing the combinations of active substances 1 and 2 according to the invention:
Inhalation aerosols containing propellant gas according to the invention may contain substances 1 and 2 dissolved in the propellant gas or in dispersed form. 1 and 2 may be present in separate formulations or in a single preparation, in which 1 and 2 are either both dissolved, both dispersed or only one component is dissolved and the other is dispersed. The propellant gases which may be used to prepare the inhalation aerosols according to the invention are known from the prior art.
Suitable propellant gases are selected from among hydrocarbons such as n-propane, n-butane or isobutane and halohydrocarbons such as fluorinated derivatives of methane, ethane, propane, butane, cyclopropane or cyclobutane. The propellant gases mentioned above may be used on their own or in mixtures thereof.
Case 1/1244 Austand CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
Particularly preferred propellant gases are halogenated alkane derivatives selected from TG1 34a and TG227.
The propellant-driven inhalation aerosols according to the invention may also contain other ingredients such as co-solvents, stabilisers, surfactants, antioxidants, lubricants and pH adjusters. All these ingredients are known in the art.
The inhalation aerosols containing propellant gas according to the invention may contain up to 5 wt.-% of active substance 1 and/or 2. Aerosols according to the invention contain, for example, 0.002 to 5 wt.-%, 0.01 to 3 wt.-%, 0.015 to 2 wt.-%, 0.1 to 2 wt.-%, 0.5 to 2 wt.-% or 0.5 to I wt.-% of active substance 1 and/or 2.
If the active substances I and/or 2 are present in dispersed form, the particles of active substance preferably have an average particle size of up to 10 m, preferably from 0.1 to 5 m, more preferably from 1 to 5 m.
The propellant-driven inhalation aerosols according to the invention mentioned above may be administered using inhalers known in the art (MDIs = metered dose inhalers).
Accordingly, in another aspect, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions in the form of propellant-driven aerosols as hereinbefore described combined with one or more inhalers suitable for administering these aerosols.
In addition, the present invention relates to inhalers which are characterised in that they contain the propellant gas-containing aerosols described above according to the invention. The present invention also relates to cartridges which are fitted with a suitable valve and can be used in a suitable inhaler and which contain one of the above-mentioned propellant gas-containing inhalation aerosols according to the invention. Suitable cartridges and methods of filling these cartridges with the inhalable aerosols containing propellant gas according to the invention are known from the prior art.
C) Propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions containing the combinations of active substances I and 2 according to the invention:
It is particularly preferred to use the active substance combination according to the invention in the form of propellant-free inhalable solutions and suspensions.
The Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
solvent used may be an aqueous or alcoholic, preferably an ethanolic solution.
The solvent may be water on its own or a mixture of water and ethanol. The relative proportion of ethanol compared with water is not limited but the maximum is up to 70 percent by volume, more particularly up to 60 percent by volume and most preferably up to 30 percent by volume. The remainder of the volume is made up of water.
The solutions or suspensions containing 1 and 2, separately or together, are adjusted to a pH of 2 to 7, preferably 2 to 5, using suitable acids. The pH may be adjusted using acids selected from inorganic or organic acids. Examples of suitable inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid and/or phosphoric acid. Examples of particularly suitable organic acids include ascorbic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, acetic acid, formic acid and/or propionic acid etc. Preferred inorganic acids are hydrochloric and sulphuric acids. It is also possible to use the acids which have already formed an acid addition salt with one of the active substances. Of the organic acids, ascorbic acid, fumaric acid and citric acid are preferred. If desired, mixtures of the above acids may be used, particularly in the case of acids which have other properties in addition to their acidifying qualities, e.g. as flavourings, antioxidants or complexing agents, such as citric acid or ascorbic acid, for example.
According to the invention, it is particularly preferred to use hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH.
According to the invention, the addition of editic acid (EDTA) or one of the known salts thereof, sodium edetate, as stabiliser or complexing agent is unnecessary in the present formulation. Other embodiments may contain this compound or these compounds. In a preferred embodiment the content based on sodium edetate is less than 100mg/100m1, preferably less than 50mg/mI, more preferably less than 20mg/ml. Generally, inhalable solutions in which the content of sodium edetate is from 0 to 10mg/100mI are preferred.
Co-solvents and/or other excipients may be added to the propellant-free inhalable solutions according to the invention. Preferred co-solvents are those which contain hydroxyl groups or other polar groups, e.g. alcohols - particularly isopropyl alcohol, glycols - particularly propyleneglycol, polyethyleneglycol, polypropyleneglycol, glycolether, glycerol, polyoxyethylene alcohols and polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters.
Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
The terms excipients and additives in this context denote any pharmacologically acceptable substance which is not an active substance but which can be formulated with the active substance or substances in the pharmacologically suitable solvent in order to improve the qualitative properties of the active substance formulation.
Preferably, these substances have no pharmacological effect or, in connection with the desired therapy, no appreciable or at least no undesirable pharmacological effect.
The excipients and additives include, for example, surfactants such as soya lecithin, oleic acid, sorbitan esters, such as polysorbates, polyvinylpyrrolidone, other stabilisers, complexing agents, antioxidants and/or preservatives which guarantee or prolong the shelf life of the finished pharmaceutical formulation, flavourings, vitamins and/or other additives known in the art. The additives also include pharmacologically acceptable salts such as sodium chloride as isotonic agents.
The preferred excipients include antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, for example, provided that it has not already been used to adjust the pH, vitamin A, vitamin E, tocopherols and similar vitamins and provitamins occurring in the human body.
Preservatives may be used to protect the formulation from contamination with pathogens. Suitable preservatives are those which are known in the art, particularly cetyl pyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride or benzoic acid or benzoates such as sodium benzoate in the concentration known from the prior art. The preservatives mentioned above are preferably present in concentrations of up to 50mg/100ml, more preferably between 5 and 20mg/100ml.
Preferred formulations contain, in addition to the solvent water and the combination of active substances I and 2, only benzalkonium chloride and sodium edetate.
In another preferred embodiment, no sodium edetate is present.
The propellant-free inhalable solutions according to the invention are administered in particular using inhalers of the kind which are capable of nebulising a small amount of a liquid formulation in the therapeutic dose within a few seconds to produce an aerosol suitable for therapeutic inhalation. Within the scope of the present invention, preferred inhalers are those in which a quantity of less than 1004L, preferably less than 50 L, more preferably between 10 and 30 L of active substance solution can be Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingefheim Pharma KG
nebulised in preferably one spray action to form an aerosol with an average particle size of less than 20 m, preferably less than 10 m, in such a way that the inhalable part of the aerosol corresponds to the therapeutically effective quantity.
An apparatus of this kind for propellant-free delivery of a metered quantity of a liquid pharmaceutical composition for inhalation is described for example in Intemational Patent Application WO 91 /14468 and also in WO 97/12687 (cf. in particular Figures 6a and 6b). The nebulisers (devices) described therein are known by the name Respimat .
This nebuliser (Respimat ) can advantageously be used to produce the inhalable aerosols according to the invention containing the combination of active substances I and 2. Because of its cylindrical shape and handy size of less than 9 to 15 cm long and 2 to 4 cm wide, this device can be carried at all times by the patient.
The nebuliser sprays a defined volume of pharmaceutical formulation using high pressures through small nozzles so as to produce inhalable aerosols.
The preferred atomiser essentially consists of an upper housing part, a pump housing, a nozzle, a locking mechanism, a spring housing, a spring and a storage container, characterised by - a pump housing which is secured in the upper housing part and which comprises at one end a nozzle body with the nozzle or nozzle arrangement, - a hollow plunger with valve body, - a power takeoff flange in which the hollow plunger is secured and which is located in the upper housing part, - a locking mechanism situated in the upper housing part, - a spring housing with the spring contained therein, which is rotatably mounted on the upper housing part by means of a rotary bearing, - a lower housing part which is fitted onto the spring housing in the axial direction.
The hollow plunger with valve body corresponds to a device disclosed in WO 97/12687. It projects partially into the cylinder of the pump housing and is axially Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
movable within the cylinder. Reference is made in particular to Figures 1 to 4, especially Figure 3, and the relevant parts of the description. The hollow plunger with valve body exerts a pressure of 5 to 60 Mpa (about 50 to 600 bar), preferably 10 to 60 Mpa (about 100 to 600 bar) on the fluid, the measured amount of active substance solution, at its high pressure end at the moment when the spring is actuated. Volumes of 10 to 50 microlitres are preferred, while volumes of 10 to 20 microlitres are particularly preferred and a volume of 15 microlitres per spray is most particularly preferred.
The valve body is preferably mounted at the end of the hollow plunger facing the valve body.
The nozzle in the nozzle body is preferably microstructured, i.e. produced by microtechnology. Microstructured valve bodies are disclosed for example in WO-94/07607; reference is hereby made to the contents of this specification, particularly Figure 1 therein and the associated description.
The valve body consists for example of two sheets of glass and/or silicon firmly joined together, at least one of which has one or more microstructured channels which connect the nozzle inlet end to the nozzle outlet end. At the nozzle outlet end there is at least one round or non-round opening 2 to 10 microns deep and 5 to microns wide, the depth preferably being 4.5 to 6.5 microns while the length is preferably 7 to 9 microns.
In the case of a plurality of nozzle openings, preferably two, the directions of spraying of the nozzles in the nozzle body may extend parallel to one another or may be inclined relative to one another in the direction of the nozzle opening. In a nozzle body with at least two nozzle openings at the outlet end the directions of spraying may be at an angle of 20 to 160 to one another, preferably 60 to 1500, most preferably 80 to 100 . The nozzle openings are preferably arranged at a spacing of to 200 microns, more preferably at a spacing of 10 to 100 microns, most preferably 30 to 70 microns. Spacings of 50 microns are most preferred. The directions of spraying will therefore meet in the vicinity of the nozzle openings.
The liquid pharmaceutical preparation strikes the nozzle body with an entry pressure of up to 600 bar, preferably 200 to 300 bar, and is atomised into an inhalable aerosol Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
through the nozzle openings. The preferred particle or droplet sizes of the aerosol are up to 20 microns, preferably 3 to 10 microns.
The locking mechanism contains a spring, preferably a cylindrical helical compression spring, as a store for the mechanical energy. The spring acts on the power takeoff flange as an actuating member the movement of which is determined by the position of a locking member. The travel of the power takeoff flange is precisely limited by an upper and lower stop. The spring is preferably biased, via a power step-up gear, e.g. a helical thrust gear, by an external torque which is produced when the upper housing part is rotated counter to the spring housing in the lower housing part. In this case, the upper housing part and the power takeoff flange have a single or multiple V-shaped gear.
The locking member with engaging locking surfaces is arranged in a ring around the power takeoff flange. It consists, for example, of a ring of plastic or metal which is inherently radially elastically deformable. The ring is arranged in a plane at right angles to the atomiser axis. After the biasing of the spring, the locking surfaces of the locking member move into the path of the power takeoff flange and prevent the spring from relaxing. The locking member is actuated by means of a button. The actuating button is connected or coupled to the locking member. In order to actuate the locking mechanism, the actuating button is moved parallel to the annular plane, preferably into the atomiser; this causes the deformable ring to deform in the annual plane. Details of the construction of the locking mechanism are given in WO 97/20590.
The lower housing part is pushed axially over the spring housing and covers the mounting, the drive of the spindle and the storage container for the fluid.
When the atomiser is actuated the upper housing part is rotated relative to the lower housing part, the lower housing part taking the spring housing with it. The spring is thereby compressed and biased by means of the helical thrust gear and the locking mechanism engages automatically. The angle of rotation is preferably a whole-number fraction of 360 degrees, e.g. 180 degrees. At the same time as the spring is biased, the power takeoff part in the upper housing part is moved along by a given distance, the hollow plunger is withdrawn inside the cylinder in the pump housing, as a result of which some of the fluid is sucked out of the storage container and into the high pressure chamber in front of the nozzle.
Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
If desired, a number of exchangeable storage containers which contain the fluid to be atomised may be pushed into the atomiser one after another and used in succession.
The storage container contains the aqueous aerosol preparation according to the invention.
The atomising process is initiated by pressing gently on the actuating button.
As a result, the locking mechanism opens up the path for the power takeoff member.
The biased spring pushes the plunger into the cylinder of the pump housing. The fluid leaves the nozzle of the atomiser in atomised form.
Further details of construction are disclosed in PCT Applications WO 97/12683 and WO 97/20590, to which reference is hereby made.
The components of the atomiser (nebuliser) are made of a material which is suitable for its purpose. The housing of the atomiser and - if its operation permits, other parts as well are preferably made of plastics, e.g. by injection moulding. For medicinal purposes, physiologically safe materials are used.
Figures 2a/b attached to this patent application, which are identical to Figures 6a/b of WO 97/12687, show the nebuliser (Respimat ) which can advantageously be used for inhaling the aqueous aerosol preparations according to the invention.
Figure 2a shows a longitudinal section through the atomiser with the spring biased while Figure 2b shows a longitudinal section through the atomiser with the spring relaxed.
The upper housing part (51) contains the pump housing (52) on the end of which is mounted the holder (53) for the atomiser nozzle. In the holder is the nozzle body (54) and a filter (55). The hollow plunger (57) fixed in the power takeoff flange (56) of the locking mechanism projects partially into the cylinder of the pump housing. At its end the hollow plunger carries the valve body (58). The hollow plunger is sealed off by means of the seal (59). Inside the upper housing part is the stop (60) on which the power takeoff flange abuts when the spring is relaxed. On the power takeoff flange is the stop (61) on which the power takeoff flange abuts when the spring is biased. After the biasing of the spring the locking member (62) moves between the stop (61) and a support (63) in the upper housing part. The actuating button (64) is connected to the locking member. The upper housing part ends in the mouthpiece Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
(65) and is sealed off by means of the protective cover (66) which can be placed thereon.
The spring housing (67) with compression spring (68) is rotatably mounted on the upper housing part by means of the snap-in lugs (69) and rotary bearing. The lower housing part (70) is pushed over the spring housing. Inside the spring housing is the exchangeable storage container (71) for the fluid (72) which is to be atomised. The storage.container is sealed off by the stopper (73) through.which the hollow plunger projects into the storage container and is immersed at its end in the fluid (supply of active substance solution).
The spindle (74) for the mechanical counter is mounted in the covering of the spring housing. At the end of the spindle facing the upper housing part is the drive pinion (75). The slider (76) sits on the spindle.
The nebuliser described above is suitable for nebulising the aerosol preparations according to the invention to produce an aerosol suitable for inhalation.
If the formulation according to the invention is nebulised using the method described above (Respimat ) the quantity delivered should correspond to a defined quantity with a tolerance of not more than 25%, preferably 20% of this amount in at least 97%, preferably at least 98% of all operations of the inhaler (spray actuations).
Preferably, between 5 and 30 mg of formulation, most preferably between 5 and 20 mg of formulation are delivered as a defined mass on each actuation.
However, the formulation according to the invention may also be nebulised by means of inhalers other than those described above, e.g. jet stream inhalers or other stationary nebulisers.
Accordingly, in a further aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical formulations in the form of propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions as described above combined with a device suitable for administering these formulations, preferably in conjunction with the Respimat . Preferably, the invention relates to propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions characterised by the combination of active substances 1 and 2 according to the invention in conjunction with the device known by the name RespimatGJ. In addition, the present invention relates to the above-mentioned devices for inhalation, preferably the Respimat , characterised in Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
that they contain the propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions according to the invention as described hereinbefore.
The propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions according to the invention may take the form of concentrates or sterile inhalable solutions or suspensions ready for use, as well as the above-mentioned solutions and suspensions designed for use in a Respimat . Formulations ready for use may be produced from the concentrates, for example, by the addition of isotonic saline solutions.
Sterile formulations ready for use may be administered using energy-operated fixed or portable nebulisers which produce inhalable aerosols by means of ultrasound or compressed air by the Venturi principle or other principles.
Accordingly, in another aspect, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions in the form of propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions as described hereinbefore which take the form of concentrates or sterile formulations ready for use, combined with a device suitable for administering these solutions, characterised in that the device is an energy-operated free-standing or portable nebuliser which produces inhalable aerosols by means of ultrasound or compressed air by the Venturi principle or other methods.
The Examples which follow serve to illustrate the present invention in more detail without restricting the scope of the invention to the following embodiments by way of example.
Starting materials Tiotropium bromide:
The tiotropium bromide used in the following formulations examples may be obtained as described in European Patent Application 418 716 Al.
In order to prepare the inhalable powders according to the invention, crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate may also be used. This crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate may be obtained by the method described below.
15.0 kg of tiotropium bromide are placed in 25.7 kg of water in a suitable reaction vessel. The mixture is heated to 80-90 C and stirred at constant temperature until a clear solution is formed. Activated charcoal (0.8 kg) moistened with water is suspended in 4.4 kg of water, this mixture is added to the solution containing the Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
tiotropium bromide and the resulting mixture is rinsed with 4.3 kg of water.
The mixture thus obtained is stirred for at least 15 minutes at 80-90 C and then filtered through a heated filter into an apparatus preheated to an external temperature of 70 C. The filter is rinsed with 8.6 kg of water. The contents of the apparatus are cooled at 3-5 C for every 20 minutes to a temperature of 20-25 C. The apparatus is cooled further to 10-15 C using cold water and crystallisation is completed by stirring for at least another hour. The crystals are isolated using a suction filter dryer, the crystal slurry isolated is washed with 9 litres of cold water (10-15 C) and cold acetone (10-15 C). The crystals obtained are dried at 25 C in a nitrogen current over a period of 2 hours.
Yield: 13.4 kg of tiotropium bromide monohydrate (86% of theory).
The crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate thus obtained is micronised by known methods in order to prepare the active substance in the form of the average particle size corresponding to the specifications according to the invention.
Examples of Fonnulations The examples of formulations for administration by inhalation as specified in A and B
below may be prepared analogously to methods known in the art.
A) Inhalable powders:
1) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide 21.7 Epinastin hydrochloride 200 Lactose 4778.3 Total 5000 2) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide 21.7 Epinastin hydrochloride 125 Lactose 4853.3 Total 5000 Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
3) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide x H20 22.5 Epinastin hydrochloride 250 Lactose 4727.5 Total 5000 4) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide 21.7 Epinastin hydrochloride 250 Lactose 4728.3 Total 5000 5) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide x H20 22.5 Epinastin hydrochloride 495 Lactose 4482.5 Total 5000 6) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide 21.7 Epinastin hydrochloride 400 Lactose 4578.3 Total 5000 Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingeiheim Pharma KG
B) Propellant gas-containing aerosols for inhalation:
1) Suspension aerosol:
Ingredients wt.%
Tiotropium bromide 0.015 Epinastin hydrochloride 0.066 Soya lecithin 0.2 TG 134a: TG227 = 2:3 ad 100 2) Suspension aerosol:
Ingredients wt.%
Tiotropium bromide 0.029 Epinastin hydrochloride 0.33 absolute ethanol 0.5 Isopropyl myristate 0.1 TG 227 ad 100 C) Forms for nasal administration:
1) Solution:
900 ml of purified water are placed in a suitable vessel and 285.7 mg of tiotropium monohydrate, 2000 mg of epinastin hydrochloride and 500 mg of disodium EDTA
are dissolved therein with stirring. Then the pH of the solution is adjusted to 3 with 0.1 N
hydrochloric acid and the solution is made up to a total volume of 1000 ml with purified water. The solution is transferred into a suitable pump for nasal use. With a spray volume of 70 l per spray actuation, 20 g of tiotropium bromide and 140 g of epinastin hydrochloride are administered each time.
2) Powder:
20 g of tiotropium bromide monohydrate and 140 g of epinastin hydrochloride with a particle size distribution for the two active substances containing about 90%
of the active substance particles in the size range from 5- 20 m are placed in a suitable mixer. 5.34 kg of lactose (200 M) are added to the two active substances and they Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingeiheim Pharma KG
are mixed together until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. Then 5.5 mg of this mixture are transferred into a nasal spray system. When administered nasally, 20 g of tiotropium bromide and 140 g of epinastin hydrochloride are delivered per spray.
Depending on the choice of the compounds 1 and 2, the weight ratios which may be used within the scope of the present invention vary on the basis of the different molecular weights of the various compounds and their different potencies. As a rule, the pharmaceutical combinations according to the invention may contain compounds I and 2 in ratios by weight ranging from 1:300 to 50:1, preferably from 1:250 to 40:1.
In the particularly preferred pharmaceutical combinations which contain tiotropium salt as compound 1, the weight ratios of 1- to 2 are most preferably in a range in which tiotropium 1' and 2 are present in proportions of 1:150 to 30:1, more preferably from 1:50 to 20:1.
For example, without restricting the scope of the invention thereto, preferred combinations of I and 2 according to the invention may contain tiotropium 1' and antihistamine 2 in the following weight ratios: 1:80; 1:79; 1:78; 1:77; 1:76;
1:75; 1:74;
1:73; 1:72; 1:71; 1:70; 1:69; 1:68; 1:67; 1:66; 1:65; 1:64; 1:63 1:62; 1:61;
1:60; 1:59;
1:58; 1:57; 1:56; 1:55; 1:54; 1:53; 1:52; 1:51; 1:50; 1:49; 1:48; 1:47; 1:46;
1:45; 1:44;
1:43; 1:42; 1:41; 1:40; 1:39; 1:38; 1:37; 1:36; 1:35; 1:34; 1:33; 1:32; 1:31;
1:30; 1:29;
1:28; 1:27; 1:26; 1:25; 1:24; 1:23; 1:22; 1:21; 1:20; 1:19; 1:18; 1:17; 1:16;
1:15; 1:14;
1:13; 1:12; 1:11; 1:10; 1:9; 1:8; 1:7; 1:6; 1:5; 1:4; 1:3; 1:2; 1:1; 2:1; 3:1;
4:1; 5:1; 6:1;
7:1; 8:1; 9:1; 10:1; 11:1; 12:1; 13:1; 14:1; 15:1; 16:1; 17:1; 18:1; 19:1;
20:1.
The pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention containing the combinations of I and 2 are normally administered so that 1 and 2 are present together in doses of 0.01 to 10,000 g, preferably from 0.1 to 2000 g, more preferably from 1 to 1500 g, better still from 50 to 1200 g per single dose.
For example, combinations of 1 and 2 according to the invention contain a quantity of tiotropium 1' and antihistamine 2 such that the total dosage per single dose is 100pg, 105Ng, 110Ng, 115Ng, 120Ng, 125pg, 130Ng, 135Ng, 140Ng, 145Ng, 150Ng, 155Ng, 160Ng, 165pg, 170pg, 175Ng, 180pg,185pg, 190Ng, 195Ng, 200pg, 205pg, 210Ng, 215Ng, 220Ng, 225Ng, 230Ng, 235pg, 240Ng, 245Ng, 250Ng, 255Ng, 260Ng, 265Ng, 270pg, 275Ng, 280Ng, 285Ng, 290Ng, 295Ng, 300Ng, 305Ng, 310Ng, 315Ng, 320Ng, 325Ng, 330Ng, 335Ng, 340Ng, 345Ng, 350pg, 355Ng, 360Ng, 365Ng, 370Ng, 375Ng, 380Ng, 385Ng, 390Ng, 395Ng, 400Ng, 405Ng, 410iag, 415Ng, 420Ng, 425Ng, 430Ng, 435pg, 440pg, 445Ng, 450Ng, 455Ng, 460Ng, 465Ng, 470Ng, 475pg, 480Ng, 485Ng, 490Ng, 495Ng, 500Ng, 505Ng, 510Ng, 515pg, 520Ng, 525Ng, 530pg, 535Ng, 540Ng, 545Ng, 550Ng, 555pg, 560Ng, 565Ng, 570Ng, 575Ng, 580N9, 585Ng, 590Ng, 595Ng, 600Ng, 605pg, 610Ng, 615pg, 620pg, 625pg, 630Ng, 635ug, 640Ng, 645Ng, 650pg, 655Ng, 660Ng, 665Ng, 670pg, 675Ng, 680Ng, 685Ng, 690pg, 695Ng, 700Ng, 705pg, Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
710Ng, 715Ng, 720pg, 725pg, 730Ng, 735Ng, 740tag, 745Ng, 750Ng, 755tag, 760pg, 765Ng, 770Ng, 775Ng, 780Ng, 785Ng, 790Ng, 795Ng, 800Ng, 805Ng, 810pg, 815Ng, 820pg, 825Ng, 830Ng, 835Ng, 840 g, 845Ng, 850Ng, 855Ng, 860Ng, 865pg, 870pg, 875Ng, 880Ng, 885pg, 890Ng, 895Ng, 900Ng, 905Ng, 910Ng, 915pg, 920Ng, 925pg, 930Ng, 935Ng, 940Ng, 945Ng, 950Ng, 955Ng, 960Ng, 965Ng, 970pg, 975pg, 980Ng, 985Ng, 990Ng, 995Ng, 1000pg, 1005Ng, 1010Ng, 1015Ng, 1020Ng, 1025Ng, 1030Ng, 1035Ng, 1040Ng, 1045Ng, 1050Ng, 1055Ng, 1060Ng, 1065Ng, 1070Ng, 1075pg, 1080pg, 1085Ng, 1090Ng, 1095}ag, 1100Ng or the like. The proposed dosages per single dose suggested above are not to be regarded as being restricted to the numerical values actually stated, but are intended only as examples of dosages. Of course, dosages which fluctuate around the above values in a range of about +/-2.5Ng are also covered by the values given above by way of example. In these dosage ranges the active substances 1' and 2 may be present in the weight ratios specified above.
For example, without restricting the scope of the invention thereto, the combinations of 1 and 2 according to the invention may contain a quantity of tiotropium 1' and antihistamine 2 such that, in each individual dose, 5pg of 1' and 25pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 50Ng of 2, 5pg of 1' and 100Ng of 2, 5pg of 1' and 200pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 300pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 400pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 500pg of 2, 5pg of 1' and 600Ng of 2, 5Ng of 1' and 700Ng of 2, 5pg of 1' and 800Ng of 2, 5Ng of 1' and 900pg of 2, 5Ng of 1' and 1000Ng of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 25pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 50Ng of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 100tag of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 200pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 300pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 400pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 500pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 600pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 700pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 800pg of 2, 10Ng of 1' and 900Ng of 2, 10iag of 1' and 1000Ng of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 25Ng of 2, 18Ng of l'and 50Ng of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 100Ng of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 200pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 300pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 400pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 500pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 600pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 700pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 800pg of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 900Ng of 2, 18Ng of 1' and 1000Ng of 2, 20pg of 1' and 25pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 50pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 100pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 200pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 300pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 400pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 500pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 600Ng of 2, 20pg of 1' and 700pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 800pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 900pg of 2, 20pg of 1' and 1000Ng of 2, 36pg of 1' and 25pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 50Ng of 2, 36pg of V and 100Ng of 2, 36pg of V and 200pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 300Ng of 2, 36pg of 1' and 400pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 500pg of 2, 36pg of V
and 600pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 700pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 800pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 900pg of 2, 36pg of 1' and 1 000Ng of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 25pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
50Ng of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 100Ng of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 200pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 300pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 400pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 500pg of 2 or 40Ng of 1' and 600pg of 2, 40pg of 1' and 700pg of 2, 40iag of 1' and 800pg of 2, 40Ng of 1' and 900Ng of 2, 40pg of 1' and 1000Ng of 2 are administered.
If the active substance combination in which I denotes tiotropium bromide is used as the preferred combination of I and 2 according to the invention, the quantities of active substance 1' and 2 administered per single dose mentioned by way of example correspond to the following quantities of 1 and 2 administered per single dose: 6pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 6pg of I and 50Ng of 2, 6pg of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 6pg of I and 200pg of 2, 6pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 6pg of I and 400pg of 2, 6pg of 1 and 500pg of 2, 6pg of I and 600pg of 2, 6pg of I and 700pg of 2, 6pg of and 800pg of 2, 6pg of 1 and 900pg of 2, 6pg of 1 and 1000pg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 12pg of I and lOOpg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 200Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 400Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 500Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 600Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 700Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 800pg of 2, 12pg of 1 and 900Ng of 2, 12pg of 1 and 1000pg of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 25pg of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 21.7pg of 1 and 200pg of 2, 21.7pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 21.7pg of I and 400pg of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 500pg of 2, 21.7pg of 1 and 600Ng of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 700Ng of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 800Ng of 2, 21.7Ng of 1 and 900Ng of 2, 21.7pg of and 1000Ng of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 200pg of 2, 24.1 Ng of 1 and 300pg of 2, 24.1 Ng of 1 and 400pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 500pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 600pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 700pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 800pg of 2, 24.1 pg of 1 and 900pg of 2, 24.1 Ng of 1 and 1000Ng of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 200pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 400pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 500pg of 2, 43.3pg of and 600pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 700pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 800pg of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 900Ng of 2, 43.3pg of 1 and 1000pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 25pg of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 50Ng of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 100Ng of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 200pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 300pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 400pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 500pg of 2, 48.1 tag of 1 and 600Ng of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 700Ng of 2, 48.1 Ng of 1 and 800pg of 2, 48.1 pg of 1 and 900Ng of 2 or 48.1 pg of 1 and 1000Ng of 2.
If the active substance combination in which I is tiotropium bromide monohydrate is used as the preferred combination of 1 and 2 according to the invention, the quantities of 1' and 2 administered per single dose specified by way of example Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
hereinbefore correspond to the following quantities of 1 and 2 administered per single dose:6.2Ng 1 and 25pg 2, 6.2Ng 1 and 50pg 2, 6.2pg I and 100Ng 2, 6.2pg I and 200pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 300pg 2, 6.2pg I and 400Ng 2, 6.2pg I and 500pg 2, 6.2Ng and 600pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 700pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 800pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 900pg 2, 6.2pg 1 and 1000Ng 2, 12.5Ng 1 and 25pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 50Ng 2, 12.5pg 1 and 100Ng 2, 12.5pg 1 and 200pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 300pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 400pg 2, 12.5Ng 1 and 500pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 600pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 700pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 800pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 900pg 2, 12.5pg 1 and 1000Ng 2, 22.5pg 1 and 25pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 50pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 100Ng 2, 22.5pg 1 and 200pg 2, 22.5pg I and 300pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 400pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 500Ng 2, 22.5pg 1 and 600pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 700pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 800pg 2, 22.5pg 1 and 900Ng 2, 22.5pg 1 and 1000Ng 2, 25pg 1 and 25pg 2, 25pg I and 50Ng 2, 25pg I and 100Ng 2, 25pg I and 200pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 300pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 400pg 2, 25pg 1 and 500pg 2, 25pg 1 and 600pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 700pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 800Ng 2, 25pg 1 and 900pg 2, 25Ng 1 and 1000Ng 2, 45Ng 1 and 25pg 2, 45pg I and 50Ng 2, 45Ng 1 and 100Ng 2, 45pg I and 200pg 2, 45Ng 1 and 300pg 2, 45pg 1 and 400pg 2, 45pg 1 and 500pg 2, 45Ng 1 and 600pg 2, 45pg 1 and 700pg 2, 45Ng 1 and 800pg 2, 45pg 1 and 900pg 2, 45Ng 1 and 1000pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 25pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 50Ng 2, 50Ng 1 and 100Ng 2, 50pg I and 200pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 300pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 400pg 2, 50pg 1 and 500pg 2, 50pg 1 and 600pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 700pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 800pg 2, 50Ng 1 and 900pg 2 or 50Ng 1 and 1000Ng 2.
The active substance combinations of 1 and 2 according to the invention are preferably administered by inhalation or by nasal application. For this purpose, ingredients 1 and 2 have to be made available in inhalable or nasal forms.
Inhalable preparations include inhalable powders, propellant-containing metering aerosols or propellant-free inhalable solutions. Inhalable powders according to the invention containing the combination of active substances 1 and 2 may consist of the active substances on their own or of a mixture of the active substances with physiologically acceptable excipients. Within the scope of the present invention, the term propellant-free inhalable solutions also includes concentrates or sterile inhalable solutions ready for use. The preparations according to the invention may contain the combination of active substances 1 and 2 either together in one formulation or in two separate formulations. These formulations which may be used within the scope of the present invention are described in more detail in the next part of the specification.
Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
A) Inhalable powder containing the combinations of active substances I and 2 according to the invention:
The inhalable powders according to the invention may contain I and 2 either on their own or in admixture with suitable physiologically acceptable excipients.
If the active substances 1 and 2 are present in admixture with physiologically acceptable excipients, the following physiologically acceptable excipients may be used to prepare these inhalable powders according to the invention:
monosaccharides (e.g. glucose or arabinose), disaccharides (e.g. lactose, saccharose, maltose), oligo- and polysaccharides (e.g. dextrane), polyalcohols (e.g.
sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol), salts (e.g. sodium chloride, calcium carbonate) or mixtures of these excipients with one another. Preferably, mono- or disaccharides are used, while the use of lactose or glucose is preferred, particularly, but not exclusively, in the form of their hydrates. For the purposes of the invention, lactose is the particularly preferred excipient, while lactose monohydrate is most particularly preferred.
Within the scope of the inhalable powders according to the invention the excipients have a maximum average particle size of up to 250pm, preferably between 10 and 150pm, most preferably between 15 and 80Nm. It may sometimes seem appropriate to add finer excipient fractions with an average particle size of 1 to 9pm to the excipients mentioned above. These finer excipients are also selected from the group of possible excipients listed hereinbefore. Finally, in order to prepare the inhalable powders according to the invention, micronised active substance 1 and 2 preferably with an average particle size of 0.5 to 10 m, more preferably from 1 to 5 m, is added to the excipient mixture. Processes for producing the inhalable powders according to the invention by grinding and micronising and by finally mixing the ingredients together are known from the prior art. The inhalable powders according to the invention may be prepared and administered either in the form of a single powder mixture which contains both 1 and 2 or in the form of separate inhalable powders which contain only 1 or 2.
The inhalable powders according to the invention may be administered using inhalers known from the prior art. Inhalable powders according to the invention which contain a physiologically acceptable excipient in addition to 1 and 2 may be administered, for example, by means of inhalers which deliver a single dose from a supply using a measuring chamber as described in US 4570630A, or by other means as described in DE 36 25 685 A. Preferably, the inhalable powders according to the invention which contain physiologically acceptable excipient in addition to I and 2 are packed into capsuies (to. produce so-called inhalettes) which are used in inhalers as described, for example, in WO 94/28958.
A particularly preferred inhaler for administering the pharmaceutical combination according to the invention in inhalettes is shown in Figure 1.
TM
This inhaler (Handihaler) for inhaling powdered pharmaceutical compositions from capsules is characterised by a housing 1 containing two windows 2, a deck 3 in which there are air inlet ports and which is provided with a screen 5 secured via a screen housing 4 an inhalation chamber 6 connected to the deck 3 on which there is a push button 9 provided with two sharpened pins 7 and movable counter to a spring 8, and a mouthpiece 12 which is connected to the housing 1, the deck 3 and a cover 11 via a spindle 10 to enable it to be flipped open or shut.
If the inhalable powders according to the invention are packed into capsules (inhalers) for the preferred use described above, the quantities packed into each capsule should be 1 to 30mg, preferably 3 to 20mg, more particularly 5 to 10mg of inhalable powder per capsule. These capsules contain, according to the invention, either together or separately, the doses of 1' and 2 mentioned hereinbefore for each single dose.
B) Propellant gas-driven inhalation aerosols containing the combinations of active substances 1 and 2 according to the invention:
Inhalation aerosols containing propellant gas according to the invention may contain substances 1 and 2 dissolved in the propellant gas or in dispersed form. 1 and 2 may be present in separate formulations or in a single preparation, in which 1 and 2 are either both dissolved, both dispersed or only one component is dissolved and the other is dispersed. The propellant gases which may be used to prepare the inhalation aerosols according to the invention are known from the prior art.
Suitable propellant gases are selected from among hydrocarbons such as n-propane, n-butane or isobutane and halohydrocarbons such as fluorinated derivatives of methane, ethane, propane, butane, cyclopropane or cyclobutane. The propellant gases mentioned above may be used on their own or in mixtures thereof.
Case 1/1244 Austand CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
Particularly preferred propellant gases are halogenated alkane derivatives selected from TG1 34a and TG227.
The propellant-driven inhalation aerosols according to the invention may also contain other ingredients such as co-solvents, stabilisers, surfactants, antioxidants, lubricants and pH adjusters. All these ingredients are known in the art.
The inhalation aerosols containing propellant gas according to the invention may contain up to 5 wt.-% of active substance 1 and/or 2. Aerosols according to the invention contain, for example, 0.002 to 5 wt.-%, 0.01 to 3 wt.-%, 0.015 to 2 wt.-%, 0.1 to 2 wt.-%, 0.5 to 2 wt.-% or 0.5 to I wt.-% of active substance 1 and/or 2.
If the active substances I and/or 2 are present in dispersed form, the particles of active substance preferably have an average particle size of up to 10 m, preferably from 0.1 to 5 m, more preferably from 1 to 5 m.
The propellant-driven inhalation aerosols according to the invention mentioned above may be administered using inhalers known in the art (MDIs = metered dose inhalers).
Accordingly, in another aspect, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions in the form of propellant-driven aerosols as hereinbefore described combined with one or more inhalers suitable for administering these aerosols.
In addition, the present invention relates to inhalers which are characterised in that they contain the propellant gas-containing aerosols described above according to the invention. The present invention also relates to cartridges which are fitted with a suitable valve and can be used in a suitable inhaler and which contain one of the above-mentioned propellant gas-containing inhalation aerosols according to the invention. Suitable cartridges and methods of filling these cartridges with the inhalable aerosols containing propellant gas according to the invention are known from the prior art.
C) Propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions containing the combinations of active substances I and 2 according to the invention:
It is particularly preferred to use the active substance combination according to the invention in the form of propellant-free inhalable solutions and suspensions.
The Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
solvent used may be an aqueous or alcoholic, preferably an ethanolic solution.
The solvent may be water on its own or a mixture of water and ethanol. The relative proportion of ethanol compared with water is not limited but the maximum is up to 70 percent by volume, more particularly up to 60 percent by volume and most preferably up to 30 percent by volume. The remainder of the volume is made up of water.
The solutions or suspensions containing 1 and 2, separately or together, are adjusted to a pH of 2 to 7, preferably 2 to 5, using suitable acids. The pH may be adjusted using acids selected from inorganic or organic acids. Examples of suitable inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid and/or phosphoric acid. Examples of particularly suitable organic acids include ascorbic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, acetic acid, formic acid and/or propionic acid etc. Preferred inorganic acids are hydrochloric and sulphuric acids. It is also possible to use the acids which have already formed an acid addition salt with one of the active substances. Of the organic acids, ascorbic acid, fumaric acid and citric acid are preferred. If desired, mixtures of the above acids may be used, particularly in the case of acids which have other properties in addition to their acidifying qualities, e.g. as flavourings, antioxidants or complexing agents, such as citric acid or ascorbic acid, for example.
According to the invention, it is particularly preferred to use hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH.
According to the invention, the addition of editic acid (EDTA) or one of the known salts thereof, sodium edetate, as stabiliser or complexing agent is unnecessary in the present formulation. Other embodiments may contain this compound or these compounds. In a preferred embodiment the content based on sodium edetate is less than 100mg/100m1, preferably less than 50mg/mI, more preferably less than 20mg/ml. Generally, inhalable solutions in which the content of sodium edetate is from 0 to 10mg/100mI are preferred.
Co-solvents and/or other excipients may be added to the propellant-free inhalable solutions according to the invention. Preferred co-solvents are those which contain hydroxyl groups or other polar groups, e.g. alcohols - particularly isopropyl alcohol, glycols - particularly propyleneglycol, polyethyleneglycol, polypropyleneglycol, glycolether, glycerol, polyoxyethylene alcohols and polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters.
Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
The terms excipients and additives in this context denote any pharmacologically acceptable substance which is not an active substance but which can be formulated with the active substance or substances in the pharmacologically suitable solvent in order to improve the qualitative properties of the active substance formulation.
Preferably, these substances have no pharmacological effect or, in connection with the desired therapy, no appreciable or at least no undesirable pharmacological effect.
The excipients and additives include, for example, surfactants such as soya lecithin, oleic acid, sorbitan esters, such as polysorbates, polyvinylpyrrolidone, other stabilisers, complexing agents, antioxidants and/or preservatives which guarantee or prolong the shelf life of the finished pharmaceutical formulation, flavourings, vitamins and/or other additives known in the art. The additives also include pharmacologically acceptable salts such as sodium chloride as isotonic agents.
The preferred excipients include antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, for example, provided that it has not already been used to adjust the pH, vitamin A, vitamin E, tocopherols and similar vitamins and provitamins occurring in the human body.
Preservatives may be used to protect the formulation from contamination with pathogens. Suitable preservatives are those which are known in the art, particularly cetyl pyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride or benzoic acid or benzoates such as sodium benzoate in the concentration known from the prior art. The preservatives mentioned above are preferably present in concentrations of up to 50mg/100ml, more preferably between 5 and 20mg/100ml.
Preferred formulations contain, in addition to the solvent water and the combination of active substances I and 2, only benzalkonium chloride and sodium edetate.
In another preferred embodiment, no sodium edetate is present.
The propellant-free inhalable solutions according to the invention are administered in particular using inhalers of the kind which are capable of nebulising a small amount of a liquid formulation in the therapeutic dose within a few seconds to produce an aerosol suitable for therapeutic inhalation. Within the scope of the present invention, preferred inhalers are those in which a quantity of less than 1004L, preferably less than 50 L, more preferably between 10 and 30 L of active substance solution can be Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingefheim Pharma KG
nebulised in preferably one spray action to form an aerosol with an average particle size of less than 20 m, preferably less than 10 m, in such a way that the inhalable part of the aerosol corresponds to the therapeutically effective quantity.
An apparatus of this kind for propellant-free delivery of a metered quantity of a liquid pharmaceutical composition for inhalation is described for example in Intemational Patent Application WO 91 /14468 and also in WO 97/12687 (cf. in particular Figures 6a and 6b). The nebulisers (devices) described therein are known by the name Respimat .
This nebuliser (Respimat ) can advantageously be used to produce the inhalable aerosols according to the invention containing the combination of active substances I and 2. Because of its cylindrical shape and handy size of less than 9 to 15 cm long and 2 to 4 cm wide, this device can be carried at all times by the patient.
The nebuliser sprays a defined volume of pharmaceutical formulation using high pressures through small nozzles so as to produce inhalable aerosols.
The preferred atomiser essentially consists of an upper housing part, a pump housing, a nozzle, a locking mechanism, a spring housing, a spring and a storage container, characterised by - a pump housing which is secured in the upper housing part and which comprises at one end a nozzle body with the nozzle or nozzle arrangement, - a hollow plunger with valve body, - a power takeoff flange in which the hollow plunger is secured and which is located in the upper housing part, - a locking mechanism situated in the upper housing part, - a spring housing with the spring contained therein, which is rotatably mounted on the upper housing part by means of a rotary bearing, - a lower housing part which is fitted onto the spring housing in the axial direction.
The hollow plunger with valve body corresponds to a device disclosed in WO 97/12687. It projects partially into the cylinder of the pump housing and is axially Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
movable within the cylinder. Reference is made in particular to Figures 1 to 4, especially Figure 3, and the relevant parts of the description. The hollow plunger with valve body exerts a pressure of 5 to 60 Mpa (about 50 to 600 bar), preferably 10 to 60 Mpa (about 100 to 600 bar) on the fluid, the measured amount of active substance solution, at its high pressure end at the moment when the spring is actuated. Volumes of 10 to 50 microlitres are preferred, while volumes of 10 to 20 microlitres are particularly preferred and a volume of 15 microlitres per spray is most particularly preferred.
The valve body is preferably mounted at the end of the hollow plunger facing the valve body.
The nozzle in the nozzle body is preferably microstructured, i.e. produced by microtechnology. Microstructured valve bodies are disclosed for example in WO-94/07607; reference is hereby made to the contents of this specification, particularly Figure 1 therein and the associated description.
The valve body consists for example of two sheets of glass and/or silicon firmly joined together, at least one of which has one or more microstructured channels which connect the nozzle inlet end to the nozzle outlet end. At the nozzle outlet end there is at least one round or non-round opening 2 to 10 microns deep and 5 to microns wide, the depth preferably being 4.5 to 6.5 microns while the length is preferably 7 to 9 microns.
In the case of a plurality of nozzle openings, preferably two, the directions of spraying of the nozzles in the nozzle body may extend parallel to one another or may be inclined relative to one another in the direction of the nozzle opening. In a nozzle body with at least two nozzle openings at the outlet end the directions of spraying may be at an angle of 20 to 160 to one another, preferably 60 to 1500, most preferably 80 to 100 . The nozzle openings are preferably arranged at a spacing of to 200 microns, more preferably at a spacing of 10 to 100 microns, most preferably 30 to 70 microns. Spacings of 50 microns are most preferred. The directions of spraying will therefore meet in the vicinity of the nozzle openings.
The liquid pharmaceutical preparation strikes the nozzle body with an entry pressure of up to 600 bar, preferably 200 to 300 bar, and is atomised into an inhalable aerosol Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
through the nozzle openings. The preferred particle or droplet sizes of the aerosol are up to 20 microns, preferably 3 to 10 microns.
The locking mechanism contains a spring, preferably a cylindrical helical compression spring, as a store for the mechanical energy. The spring acts on the power takeoff flange as an actuating member the movement of which is determined by the position of a locking member. The travel of the power takeoff flange is precisely limited by an upper and lower stop. The spring is preferably biased, via a power step-up gear, e.g. a helical thrust gear, by an external torque which is produced when the upper housing part is rotated counter to the spring housing in the lower housing part. In this case, the upper housing part and the power takeoff flange have a single or multiple V-shaped gear.
The locking member with engaging locking surfaces is arranged in a ring around the power takeoff flange. It consists, for example, of a ring of plastic or metal which is inherently radially elastically deformable. The ring is arranged in a plane at right angles to the atomiser axis. After the biasing of the spring, the locking surfaces of the locking member move into the path of the power takeoff flange and prevent the spring from relaxing. The locking member is actuated by means of a button. The actuating button is connected or coupled to the locking member. In order to actuate the locking mechanism, the actuating button is moved parallel to the annular plane, preferably into the atomiser; this causes the deformable ring to deform in the annual plane. Details of the construction of the locking mechanism are given in WO 97/20590.
The lower housing part is pushed axially over the spring housing and covers the mounting, the drive of the spindle and the storage container for the fluid.
When the atomiser is actuated the upper housing part is rotated relative to the lower housing part, the lower housing part taking the spring housing with it. The spring is thereby compressed and biased by means of the helical thrust gear and the locking mechanism engages automatically. The angle of rotation is preferably a whole-number fraction of 360 degrees, e.g. 180 degrees. At the same time as the spring is biased, the power takeoff part in the upper housing part is moved along by a given distance, the hollow plunger is withdrawn inside the cylinder in the pump housing, as a result of which some of the fluid is sucked out of the storage container and into the high pressure chamber in front of the nozzle.
Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 goehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
If desired, a number of exchangeable storage containers which contain the fluid to be atomised may be pushed into the atomiser one after another and used in succession.
The storage container contains the aqueous aerosol preparation according to the invention.
The atomising process is initiated by pressing gently on the actuating button.
As a result, the locking mechanism opens up the path for the power takeoff member.
The biased spring pushes the plunger into the cylinder of the pump housing. The fluid leaves the nozzle of the atomiser in atomised form.
Further details of construction are disclosed in PCT Applications WO 97/12683 and WO 97/20590, to which reference is hereby made.
The components of the atomiser (nebuliser) are made of a material which is suitable for its purpose. The housing of the atomiser and - if its operation permits, other parts as well are preferably made of plastics, e.g. by injection moulding. For medicinal purposes, physiologically safe materials are used.
Figures 2a/b attached to this patent application, which are identical to Figures 6a/b of WO 97/12687, show the nebuliser (Respimat ) which can advantageously be used for inhaling the aqueous aerosol preparations according to the invention.
Figure 2a shows a longitudinal section through the atomiser with the spring biased while Figure 2b shows a longitudinal section through the atomiser with the spring relaxed.
The upper housing part (51) contains the pump housing (52) on the end of which is mounted the holder (53) for the atomiser nozzle. In the holder is the nozzle body (54) and a filter (55). The hollow plunger (57) fixed in the power takeoff flange (56) of the locking mechanism projects partially into the cylinder of the pump housing. At its end the hollow plunger carries the valve body (58). The hollow plunger is sealed off by means of the seal (59). Inside the upper housing part is the stop (60) on which the power takeoff flange abuts when the spring is relaxed. On the power takeoff flange is the stop (61) on which the power takeoff flange abuts when the spring is biased. After the biasing of the spring the locking member (62) moves between the stop (61) and a support (63) in the upper housing part. The actuating button (64) is connected to the locking member. The upper housing part ends in the mouthpiece Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
(65) and is sealed off by means of the protective cover (66) which can be placed thereon.
The spring housing (67) with compression spring (68) is rotatably mounted on the upper housing part by means of the snap-in lugs (69) and rotary bearing. The lower housing part (70) is pushed over the spring housing. Inside the spring housing is the exchangeable storage container (71) for the fluid (72) which is to be atomised. The storage.container is sealed off by the stopper (73) through.which the hollow plunger projects into the storage container and is immersed at its end in the fluid (supply of active substance solution).
The spindle (74) for the mechanical counter is mounted in the covering of the spring housing. At the end of the spindle facing the upper housing part is the drive pinion (75). The slider (76) sits on the spindle.
The nebuliser described above is suitable for nebulising the aerosol preparations according to the invention to produce an aerosol suitable for inhalation.
If the formulation according to the invention is nebulised using the method described above (Respimat ) the quantity delivered should correspond to a defined quantity with a tolerance of not more than 25%, preferably 20% of this amount in at least 97%, preferably at least 98% of all operations of the inhaler (spray actuations).
Preferably, between 5 and 30 mg of formulation, most preferably between 5 and 20 mg of formulation are delivered as a defined mass on each actuation.
However, the formulation according to the invention may also be nebulised by means of inhalers other than those described above, e.g. jet stream inhalers or other stationary nebulisers.
Accordingly, in a further aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical formulations in the form of propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions as described above combined with a device suitable for administering these formulations, preferably in conjunction with the Respimat . Preferably, the invention relates to propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions characterised by the combination of active substances 1 and 2 according to the invention in conjunction with the device known by the name RespimatGJ. In addition, the present invention relates to the above-mentioned devices for inhalation, preferably the Respimat , characterised in Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
that they contain the propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions according to the invention as described hereinbefore.
The propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions according to the invention may take the form of concentrates or sterile inhalable solutions or suspensions ready for use, as well as the above-mentioned solutions and suspensions designed for use in a Respimat . Formulations ready for use may be produced from the concentrates, for example, by the addition of isotonic saline solutions.
Sterile formulations ready for use may be administered using energy-operated fixed or portable nebulisers which produce inhalable aerosols by means of ultrasound or compressed air by the Venturi principle or other principles.
Accordingly, in another aspect, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions in the form of propellant-free inhalable solutions or suspensions as described hereinbefore which take the form of concentrates or sterile formulations ready for use, combined with a device suitable for administering these solutions, characterised in that the device is an energy-operated free-standing or portable nebuliser which produces inhalable aerosols by means of ultrasound or compressed air by the Venturi principle or other methods.
The Examples which follow serve to illustrate the present invention in more detail without restricting the scope of the invention to the following embodiments by way of example.
Starting materials Tiotropium bromide:
The tiotropium bromide used in the following formulations examples may be obtained as described in European Patent Application 418 716 Al.
In order to prepare the inhalable powders according to the invention, crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate may also be used. This crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate may be obtained by the method described below.
15.0 kg of tiotropium bromide are placed in 25.7 kg of water in a suitable reaction vessel. The mixture is heated to 80-90 C and stirred at constant temperature until a clear solution is formed. Activated charcoal (0.8 kg) moistened with water is suspended in 4.4 kg of water, this mixture is added to the solution containing the Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
tiotropium bromide and the resulting mixture is rinsed with 4.3 kg of water.
The mixture thus obtained is stirred for at least 15 minutes at 80-90 C and then filtered through a heated filter into an apparatus preheated to an external temperature of 70 C. The filter is rinsed with 8.6 kg of water. The contents of the apparatus are cooled at 3-5 C for every 20 minutes to a temperature of 20-25 C. The apparatus is cooled further to 10-15 C using cold water and crystallisation is completed by stirring for at least another hour. The crystals are isolated using a suction filter dryer, the crystal slurry isolated is washed with 9 litres of cold water (10-15 C) and cold acetone (10-15 C). The crystals obtained are dried at 25 C in a nitrogen current over a period of 2 hours.
Yield: 13.4 kg of tiotropium bromide monohydrate (86% of theory).
The crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate thus obtained is micronised by known methods in order to prepare the active substance in the form of the average particle size corresponding to the specifications according to the invention.
Examples of Fonnulations The examples of formulations for administration by inhalation as specified in A and B
below may be prepared analogously to methods known in the art.
A) Inhalable powders:
1) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide 21.7 Epinastin hydrochloride 200 Lactose 4778.3 Total 5000 2) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide 21.7 Epinastin hydrochloride 125 Lactose 4853.3 Total 5000 Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma KG
3) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide x H20 22.5 Epinastin hydrochloride 250 Lactose 4727.5 Total 5000 4) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide 21.7 Epinastin hydrochloride 250 Lactose 4728.3 Total 5000 5) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide x H20 22.5 Epinastin hydrochloride 495 Lactose 4482.5 Total 5000 6) Ingredients g per capsule Tiotropium bromide 21.7 Epinastin hydrochloride 400 Lactose 4578.3 Total 5000 Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingeiheim Pharma KG
B) Propellant gas-containing aerosols for inhalation:
1) Suspension aerosol:
Ingredients wt.%
Tiotropium bromide 0.015 Epinastin hydrochloride 0.066 Soya lecithin 0.2 TG 134a: TG227 = 2:3 ad 100 2) Suspension aerosol:
Ingredients wt.%
Tiotropium bromide 0.029 Epinastin hydrochloride 0.33 absolute ethanol 0.5 Isopropyl myristate 0.1 TG 227 ad 100 C) Forms for nasal administration:
1) Solution:
900 ml of purified water are placed in a suitable vessel and 285.7 mg of tiotropium monohydrate, 2000 mg of epinastin hydrochloride and 500 mg of disodium EDTA
are dissolved therein with stirring. Then the pH of the solution is adjusted to 3 with 0.1 N
hydrochloric acid and the solution is made up to a total volume of 1000 ml with purified water. The solution is transferred into a suitable pump for nasal use. With a spray volume of 70 l per spray actuation, 20 g of tiotropium bromide and 140 g of epinastin hydrochloride are administered each time.
2) Powder:
20 g of tiotropium bromide monohydrate and 140 g of epinastin hydrochloride with a particle size distribution for the two active substances containing about 90%
of the active substance particles in the size range from 5- 20 m are placed in a suitable mixer. 5.34 kg of lactose (200 M) are added to the two active substances and they Case 1/1244 Ausland CA 02436537 2003-04-29 Boehringer Ingeiheim Pharma KG
are mixed together until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. Then 5.5 mg of this mixture are transferred into a nasal spray system. When administered nasally, 20 g of tiotropium bromide and 140 g of epinastin hydrochloride are delivered per spray.
Claims (52)
1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof; and (b) one or more antihistamines, with the proviso that a pharmaceutical composition comprising a tiotropium salt in a concentration based on tiotropium of between 0.0005 and 5 % by weight, an antihistamine, water as a solvent in which at least the tiotropium salt is dissolved, acid for achieving a pH of between 2.0 and 3.1, a pharmacologically acceptable preservative, and an etidic acid salt in an amount of up to 25 mg/100ml is excluded.
2. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein components (a) and (b) are in a single formulation or are in two separate formulations.
3. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more tiotropium salts comprises a chloride, bromide, iodide, paratoluene sulphonate or methylsulphate salt.
4. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more tiotropium salts comprises a bromide salt.
5. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more antihistamines are selected from epinastin, cetirizine, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, mizolastin, ketotifen, emedastin, dimetinden, clemastine, bamipin, cexchlorpheniramine, pheniramine, doxylamine, chlorphenoxamin, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, promethazine, ebastin, desloratidine and meclozin.
6. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more antihistamines are selected from among epinastin, cetirizin, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, ebastin, desloratidine and mizolastin.
7. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the weight ratio of component (a) to component (b) is 1:300 to 50:1.
8. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the weight ratio of component (a) to component (b) is 1:250 to 40:1.
9. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising 0.1 to 10,000µg of components (a) and (b), combined.
10. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising 0.1 to 2,000µg of components (a) and (b), combined.
11. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10 further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
12. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 11, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is selected from monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligo saccharides, polysaccharides, poly alcohols and salts.
13. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the excipient has a maximum average particle size of up to 250µm.
14. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the excipient has a maximum average particle size of 10 to 150µm.
15. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14 in the form of an inhalable powder.
16. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 15 in the form of a capsule containing the inhalable powder.
17. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14 in the form of a powder for nasal administration.
18. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17 for treating allergic or non-allergic rhinitis.
19. A pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof; and (b) one or more antihistamines, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is an inhalable powder or a powder for nasal administration.
20. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 19, wherein components (a) and (b) are in a single formulation or are in two separate formulations.
21. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the one or more tiotropium salts comprises a chloride, bromide, iodide, paratoluene sulphonate or methylsulphate salt.
22. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the one or more tiotropium salts comprises a bromide salt.
23. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the one or more antihistamines are selected from epinastin, cetirizine, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, mizolastin, ketotifen, emedastin, dimetinden, clemastine, bamipin, cexchlorpheniramine, pheniramine, doxylamine, chlorphenoxamin, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, promethazine, ebastin, desloratidine and meclozin.
24. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the one or more antihistamines are selected from among epinastin, cetirizin, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, ebastin, desloratidine and mizolastin.
25. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the weight ratio of component (a) to component (b) is 1:300 to 50:1.
26. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the weight ratio of component (a) to component (b) is 1:250 to 40:1.
27. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 25, comprising 0.1 to 10,000µg of components (a) and (b), combined.
28. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 25, comprising 0.1 to 2,000µg of components (a) and (b), combined.
29. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 28 further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
30. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 29, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is selected from monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligo saccharides, polysaccharides, poly alcohols and salts.
31. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the excipient has a maximum average particle size of up to 250µm.
32. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the excipient has a maximum average particle size of 10 to 150µm.
33. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 32 in the form of the inhalable powder.
34. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 33 in the form of a capsule containing the inhalable powder.
35. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 32 in the form of the powder for nasal administration.
36. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 19 to 35 for treating allergic or non-allergic rhinitis.
37. A pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) one or more compounds selected from tiotropium salts, enantiomers thereof, solvates thereof and hydrates thereof; and (b) one or more antihistamines, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a propellant-containing inhalable aerosol wherein components (a) and (b) are dissolved in the aerosol or dispersed in the aerosol.
38. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 37, wherein the one or more tiotropium salts comprises a chloride, bromide, iodide, paratoluene sulphonate or methylsulphate salt.
39. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 37, wherein the one or more tiotropium salts comprises a bromide salt.
40. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 39, wherein the one or more antihistamines are selected from epinastin, cetirizine, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, mizolastin, ketotifen, emedastin, dimetinden, clemastine, bamipin, cexchlorpheniramine, pheniramine, doxylamine, chlorphenoxamin, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, promethazine, ebastin, desloratidine and meclozin.
41. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 39, wherein the one or more antihistamines are selected from among epinastin, cetirizin, azelastin, fexofenadin, levocabastin, loratadine, ebastin, desloratidine and mizolastin.
42. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 41, wherein the weight ratio of component (a) to component (b) is 1:300 to 50:1.
43. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 41, wherein the weight ratio of component (a) to component (b) is 1:250 to 40:1.
44. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 43 comprising 0.1 to 10,000µg of components (a) and (b), combined.
45. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 43 comprising 0.1 to 2,000µg of components (a) and (b), combined.
46. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 45, wherein the propellant is a hydrocarbon or a halohydrocarbon.
47. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 46, wherein the hydrocarbon is n-propane, n-butane or isobutane.
48. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 46, wherein the halohydrocarbon is methane, ethane, propane, butane, cyclopropane or cyclobutane that has been one or both of chloro- and fluoro-substituted.
49. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 46, wherein the propellant is TG134a, TG227 or a mixture thereof.
50. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 49 further comprising one or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of cosolvents, stabilizers, surfactants, antioxidants, lubricants and means for adjusting pH.
51. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 50, wherein component (a) is present in an amount of up to 5 % by weight and component (b) is present in an amount of up to 5 % by weight, based on weight of the composition.
52. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 37 to 51 for treating allergic or non-allergic rhinitis.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10054042.2 | 2000-10-31 | ||
DE10054042 | 2000-10-31 | ||
DE2001138272 DE10138272A1 (en) | 2001-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | Composition for treating allergic or non-allergic rhinitis, comprises synergistic combination of tiotropium salt and antihistamine |
DE10138272.3 | 2001-08-10 | ||
PCT/EP2001/012510 WO2002036163A2 (en) | 2000-10-31 | 2001-10-23 | Novel medicament compositions consisting of tiotropium salts and antihistamines for treating respiratory illnesses |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2436537A1 CA2436537A1 (en) | 2002-05-10 |
CA2436537C true CA2436537C (en) | 2009-05-26 |
Family
ID=26007541
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002436537A Expired - Fee Related CA2436537C (en) | 2000-10-31 | 2001-10-23 | Pharmaceutical compositions comprising tiotropium salts and antihistamines |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1341538B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004512379A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE452639T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002214030A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2436537C (en) |
DE (1) | DE50115277D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2337554T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA03003752A (en) |
PE (1) | PE20020525A1 (en) |
UY (1) | UY26990A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002036163A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10214264A1 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-16 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma | HFA suspension formulations of an anhydrate |
US7244415B2 (en) | 2002-03-28 | 2007-07-17 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | HFA suspension formulations of an anhydrate |
US20030235538A1 (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2003-12-25 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for the administration of an anticholinergic by inhalation |
US7763280B2 (en) | 2002-11-28 | 2010-07-27 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Tiotropium containing powder formulation for inhalation |
MX2007004768A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2007-05-10 | Boehringer Ingelheim Int | Blister for inhalers. |
JP2011529135A (en) | 2008-07-24 | 2011-12-01 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | Heteroleptic cyclopentadienyl transition metal precursor for the deposition of transition metal containing films |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4203306A1 (en) * | 1992-02-06 | 1993-08-12 | Ig Spruehtechnik Gmbh | ASTHMA OR PULMONAL AEROSOL PREPARATIONS WITH LECITHIN |
US5824669A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1998-10-20 | Nitromed, Inc. | Nitrosated and nitrosylated compounds and compositions and their use for treating respiratory disorders |
WO1997046243A1 (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | A nasal spray containing an intranasal steroid and an antihistamine |
TW469832U (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 2001-12-21 | Astra Ab | Inhalation device |
JPH10298107A (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 1998-11-10 | Taisho Pharmaceut Co Ltd | Pharmaceutical composition |
-
2001
- 2001-10-23 DE DE50115277T patent/DE50115277D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-23 CA CA002436537A patent/CA2436537C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-23 MX MXPA03003752A patent/MXPA03003752A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-10-23 WO PCT/EP2001/012510 patent/WO2002036163A2/en active Application Filing
- 2001-10-23 ES ES01982446T patent/ES2337554T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-23 EP EP01982446A patent/EP1341538B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-23 JP JP2002538972A patent/JP2004512379A/en active Pending
- 2001-10-23 AT AT01982446T patent/ATE452639T1/en active
- 2001-10-23 AU AU2002214030A patent/AU2002214030A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-10-29 UY UY26990A patent/UY26990A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-10-29 PE PE2001001074A patent/PE20020525A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2436537A1 (en) | 2002-05-10 |
EP1341538A2 (en) | 2003-09-10 |
UY26990A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
DE50115277D1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
ATE452639T1 (en) | 2010-01-15 |
ES2337554T3 (en) | 2010-04-27 |
JP2004512379A (en) | 2004-04-22 |
EP1341538B1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
PE20020525A1 (en) | 2002-07-16 |
AU2002214030A1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
MXPA03003752A (en) | 2003-09-30 |
WO2002036163A2 (en) | 2002-05-10 |
WO2002036163A3 (en) | 2002-12-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2431565C (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions based on anticholinergics and ciclesonide | |
CA2440699C (en) | Compounds for treating inflammatory diseases | |
AU2007202303B2 (en) | Novel medicament compositions based on tiotropium salts and on salmeterol salts | |
CA2455167C (en) | New pharmaceutical compositions based on anticholinergics, corticosteroids and betamimetics | |
US6608054B2 (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions based on anticholinergics and endothelin antagonists | |
US20120189556A1 (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions based on anticholinergics and corticosteroids | |
US20030018019A1 (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions based on anticholinergics, corticosteroids and betamimetics | |
US20070128125A1 (en) | Pharmaceutical Compositions Based on Tiotropium Salts and Salts of Salmeterol | |
CA2481468C (en) | Medicaments containing betamimetic drugs and a novel anticholinesterase drug | |
CA2733294C (en) | Pharmaceutical combination of a tiotropium salt and ciclesonide | |
US20020151541A1 (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions containing tiotropium salts and antihistamines and their use | |
CA2434872A1 (en) | Medicament compositions with negligible side-effects containing betamimetics | |
EP1651224B1 (en) | Medicaments for inhalation comprising an anticholinergic and a betamimetic | |
US20040161386A1 (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions based on anticholinergic and dopamine agonists | |
EP1551405A1 (en) | Tiotropium salts for reducing respiratory mortality rate | |
US20030203918A1 (en) | Pharmaceutical composition comprising an anticholinergic and a heterocyclic compound | |
US20020193394A1 (en) | Compounds for treating inflammatory diseases | |
CA2481268C (en) | Medicaments comprising steroids and a novel anticholinergic | |
CA2436537C (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions comprising tiotropium salts and antihistamines | |
AU2004262901B2 (en) | Combination of an anticholinergic and a steroid and its use to treat respiratory disorders by inhalation | |
CA2436510A1 (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions with few side effects | |
CA2441964C (en) | New pharmaceutical compositions based on anticholinergics and endothelin antagonists | |
CA2492026A1 (en) | New pharmaceutical compositions based on new anticholinergics and pde-iv inhibitors | |
CA2430592C (en) | New pharmaceutical compositions based on anticholinergics and dopamine agonists | |
CA2614631C (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions based on anticholinergics and corticosteroids in the form of an inhalable solution or suspension |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20161024 |