ZA201001106B - Soil additive - Google Patents
Soil additive Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA201001106B ZA201001106B ZA201001106A ZA201001106A ZA201001106B ZA 201001106 B ZA201001106 B ZA 201001106B ZA 201001106 A ZA201001106 A ZA 201001106A ZA 201001106 A ZA201001106 A ZA 201001106A ZA 201001106 B ZA201001106 B ZA 201001106B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- soil additive
- soil
- weathered coal
- micro
- humic
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002515 guano Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000021073 macronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003050 macronutrient Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004856 soil analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Description
DE
Title: Soil Additive ST
This invention relates to a manufacturing process for the production of a soil additive.
The applicant is aware that agricultural crops require sufficient plant available micro- and macronutrients to be economically viable.
The solubility and bio-availability of the micro-nutrients and macro- nutrients are affected by the presence of complexing and chelating agents as well as the oxidation-reduction potential of the soil. Metal chelates are defined as structures, normally cyclic, of a metal atom and an organic component in which the two components are held together with varying degrees of bond strength.
Numerous substances have the ability to chelate metal ions. The practise of supplying plants with chelated or complexed micro-nutrient fertilisers is well known.
The micro-nutrient metal ions commonly chelated commercially are copper, zinc, iron and manganese.
Various processes have been patented to describe the chelating of micro- nutrients: e US Patent No 3,961,932 describes a process for coating granular : fertilisers with chelated micro-nutrients. oo e US Patent No 4,698,090 describes a process for preparation of a composition for modifying plant growth, composition for preparation and method for use thereof. e US Patent No 3,989,462, describes a fertiliser for long-term supply of plants with chelated micro-nutrients. e US Patent No 5,698,001 describes a process for a chelate/soil additive including lignosulfonate, humic acids and fulvic acids.
It is an aim of this invention to provide a soil additive wherein the macro- nutrient metal ions are chelated to some extent despite the high concentration thereof and in addition also increase the bio-availability of micro-nutrients and macro-nutrients in a cost effective manner.
In this specification the following definitions will apply:
Soil additive will be understood to include soil conditioners, fertilisers, plant feeds and similar agricultural applications.
Humus is defined as the product of the decay of organic matter and contains both humic and non-humic material;
Humic material is defined as completely decomposed organic matter and is readily soluble either in acids or bases;
Humic acids is defined as the collective name for a group of organically derived macro molecular organic acids and can be separated from humic material, usually by alkaline extraction; :
Humates are defined as the salts or esters of humic acids, collectively the salts of humic acids specifically;
, ®2010/0.1106
Co Oxifulvic acid is defined as the collective name for a group of low molecular weight organic acids and is soluble in alkali, acids and various alcohols;
Fulvic acid is defined as a yellow to yellow brown humic substance that is soluble in water under all ph conditions.
Effective micro-organisms is defined as micro-organisms made up of mixed cultures of microbial species that are found in natural environments especially bacterium and protozoan; and
Weathered coal is defined as sources of naturally occurring coal deposits, which have been exposed to the atmosphere, typically as a result of lack of a covering rock layer or fissures in the covering rock layer. It excludes 156 Peat Moss. Usually, weathered coal is not mined in coalmine operations and is either a waste product or returned into the earth. Weathered coal is composed of various macro and micro nutrients in various stages of decomposition and bio-availability.
It is not known to use weathered coal as a soil additive. The applicant has found that the natural process for these nutrients to become available for plant uptake takes a considerable time and therefore provides an insufficient amount of nutrients to the soil. The applicant also believes that the natural processes, due to the various natural processes working on different nutrients, the bio-availability or rate of bio availability of nutrients is unbalanced. In other words certain nutrients become available relatively quickly and are depleted by the time other slower available nutrients become available. For this reason, although weathered coal comprises a good elemental composition, it has not been used as a soil additive.
It is an object of this invention to provide a soil additive wherein the elements of weathered coal such as micro and macro nutrients become available for plant uptake from the soil in a balanced and accelerated rate. It is a further object of this invention to find a use for a mining waste product.
The invention is a soil additive, comprising amongst others, weathered coal, and such coal is crushed and screened to various sizes, 1,2,3,4 or 5mm, depending on the application requirements.
The impurities, typically non-weathered coal particles and earth may, if required be removed by means of a mechanical screen and\or sifting process.
The crushed weathered coal may preferably be micronised to a fine powder. The applicant found that the nutrients in fine particles of the weathered coal provide more balanced bio availability and enhanced uptake.
The applicant further found that the finer the particles the higher the surface area and the better the balance and rate. A particle size range of below 1mm shows an improvement and the applicant found that an average of about 40 micron or less provides an optimum balance and rate and being easily further processed into other forms such as granules and other soil additive compositions. -.
The weathered coal may be further processed by means of granulation, additions of additives and/ or coating.
Further additives may include: a broad spectrum of micro organisms selected from aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and fungi; humic material; and/ or one or more chelating agents selected from nitro-lignosulfonate, nitro- humic acid, humic acids, fulvic acids and amino acids, as well as urea, uric or amino acids, which may be derived from poultry\animal waste products such as manure or guano.
~~ .
The soil additive composition may also, depending on the recommendation made, which in turn is based on the soil analysis, contain: 1). Fillers — phosphate, sifted sand\soil and or screened fine paramagnetic rock. 2). Macro-elements NPK 3). Micro-nutrients Ca, Mg, S, Zn, Cu, Fe, B, Mo
Mixed together, the product may contain the following: 1). Screened weathered coal 2). Chicken\cattle manure 3). Phosphate, in various forms 4). Screened sand\soil\paramagnetic rock as filler 5). Potassium humates 6). Citric acid 7). Silica 8). Broad-spectrum micro-organisms 9). Macro-elements, NPK in different ratio’s 10). Micro-elements, Ca,Mg,S,Zn,Cu,Fe,B,Mo in different ratio’s
A typical product will contain the following in mass percent: 1. Weathered coal - 40 % 2 Chicken manure - 7.4 % 3. Screened soft rock phosphate (filler) - 10 % 4, Screened paramagnetic rock or sand (filler) - 30% 5. Potassium humate - 1.1% 6. Citric Acid - 1% 7. Diatomic Silica - 3% 8. Compost - 7.45 % 9. A mixture of a broad spectrum of micro organisms selected from anaerobic bacteria, aerobic bacteria and fungi - 0.04%
The elemental analysis of the soil additive composition, in Kg/100liter as described above is as follows:
N 0.68 Kg/100liter
P 1.57 Kg/100liter
K 0.22 Kg/100liter
Ca 3.83 Kg/100liter
Mg 0.08 Kg/100liter
S 0.04 Kg/100liter
Zn 68.5 mg/Kg
Mn 83.4 mg/Kg
Cu 15.7 mg/Kg
Fe 9492.5 mg/Kg
B 17.5 mg/Kg
Mo 10 mg/Kg
Si 1.2 mg/Kg
Co 1.1 mg/Kg
Cc 22.2 mg/Kg
Ph will vary between 6.5 -7.0 and sg between 0.90 — 1.20
The specific concentrations of each component will depend on the soil\leaf analysis and subsequent calculation by a person skilled in the art for optimum results. Fertiliser can be added to optimise the elemental requirements.
The invention also extends to a method of making a soil additive.
A method of manufacturing a soil additive includes the steps of crushing and screening weathered coal and mixing the crushed and screened weathered coal with other components.
le" 9
The method may include the step of removing the impurities found in the weathered coal.
The method may include the step of micronising the weathered coal. 8 i
Claims (7)
1. A soil additive, which includes, weathered coal, which coal is crushed and screened to various sizes. :
2, A soil additive as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the screen sizes are selected from 1,2,3,4 and 5mm.
3. A soil additive as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the impurities, typically non-weathered coal particles are removed by means of a mechanical screen and\or sifting process.
4, A soil additive as claimed in any one of the previous claims wherein the weathered coal s further micronised to a fine powder.
5. A soil additive as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the average size of the micronised weathered coal is about 40 micron or less.
6. A soil additive as claimed in any one of the previous claims, which further includes: a broad spectrum of micro organisms selected from aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and fungi; humic material; and/ or one or more chelating agents selected from nitro-lignosulfonate, nitro- humic acid, humic acids, fulvic acids and amino acids, as well as urea, uric or amino acids, which may be derived from poultry\animal waste products such as manure or guano.
7. A soil additive as claimed in any one of the previous claims, which further includes one or more additives selected from: Fillers — phosphate, sifted sand\soil and or screened fine paramagnetic rock; Macro-elements NPK:; and Micro-nutrients Ca, Mg, S, Zn, Cu, Fe, B, Mo.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA201001106A ZA201001106B (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2010-02-16 | Soil additive |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200905653 | 2009-08-14 | ||
| ZA201001106A ZA201001106B (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2010-02-16 | Soil additive |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA201001106B true ZA201001106B (en) | 2010-10-27 |
Family
ID=43618460
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA201001106A ZA201001106B (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2010-02-16 | Soil additive |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ZA (1) | ZA201001106B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109400234A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-01 | 阜南县中益农业科技有限公司 | A kind of organic soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN111747785A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-10-09 | 中化农业生态科技(湖北)有限公司 | Microbial fertilizer and production method thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-02-16 ZA ZA201001106A patent/ZA201001106B/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109400234A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-01 | 阜南县中益农业科技有限公司 | A kind of organic soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN111747785A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-10-09 | 中化农业生态科技(湖北)有限公司 | Microbial fertilizer and production method thereof |
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