ZA200402951B - Detergent bar composition and process for its manufacture. - Google Patents
Detergent bar composition and process for its manufacture. Download PDFInfo
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- ZA200402951B ZA200402951B ZA200402951A ZA200402951A ZA200402951B ZA 200402951 B ZA200402951 B ZA 200402951B ZA 200402951 A ZA200402951 A ZA 200402951A ZA 200402951 A ZA200402951 A ZA 200402951A ZA 200402951 B ZA200402951 B ZA 200402951B
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- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- detergent
- bar
- calcium
- weight
- ingredients
- Prior art date
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- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 bars Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000404 calcium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012215 calcium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940078583 calcium aluminosilicate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001164 aluminium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910014458 Ca-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005599 alkyl carboxylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011160 magnesium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulphate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005457 triglyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
~ © WO 03/040283 PCT/EP02/11261
DETERGENT BAR COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE
0 Field of the Invention . The invention relates to det ergent bar compositions for fabric washing and for cleaning sur faces and their manufacture. The invention particularly relat es to laundry bars capable of structuring higher water content but having the requisite mechanical and structural aspects for satisfactory processability and end user properties.
Detergent Bars require an ac ceptable physical strength so that they retain their structural integrity during handling, transport and use. The hardness of the bars, at the time of manufacture and subsequently , is an especially important property. Inclusion of certain ingredients to make the bar harder usually results in higher density bars, making the bars considerably smaller and thus less attractive to the consumer and more difficult to handle during fabric washing and sometimes also gritty to feel. Commerc ially available detergent bars contain detergent active components and detergent builders together with conventional components for example abrasives, fillers, perfumes, alkaline salts and bleaching agents. ‘25 Among the various product forms such as liquids, powders, gels, bars, tablets, cakes, compacts etc, in which cleaning compositions are formulated, the bar, tablet or compact forms 4 are economically superior ass compared to the other. The product dosage from the bar is highly controlled in comparison to the ' 30 other forms such as paste, gel or powder. The bar also does not get easily sogged in the presence of water and the active ingredients are not lost. However, for manufacturing of
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
products in the solid form it will be necessary to formulate specific compositions and comtrol processing.
GB-A-209 013 discloses detergent bar compositions produced by mixing precursors for aluminosilicate with the bar components under alkaline conditions so that aluminosilicate is formed in situ.
IN-A-171 326 discloses a two component hardening system comprising a polyvalent metal compound and a siliceous material where it is essential that at least one of these ingredients is present before the neutralisation of the active. The polyvalent metal compounds covered in this patent are salts of Aluminium, magnesium, Boron and salts of group IIa and IIb. These bars have improved hardness, rate of wear in use, and mush characteristics.
GB-A-256 647 discloses a route for forming low density bars where starch is premixed with the acid form of detergent active prior to at least partial neutralisation of the active with i silicate. The formulation results in a grit free bar if at least part of the starch is added prior to neutralisation. The starch used in this patent is native starch. Combination of the starch and in-situ generated of silica form low density bars with good processability.
We have found a new route for producing detergent bars having superior properties such ass good processability, in-use LJ properties and improved water retention capacity. This is achieved by generating a st-ructuring system in-situ that is ’ obtained by reacting at least two different polyvalent metal ions with sodium silicate, wherein one of the metal ions is
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
WOo03040283 PCT/EP02/11261 calcium or magnesium and the other may be anyone of boron, . aluminum, zinc, calcium or magnesium. . China clay (Hydrated Aluminum Silicate) is a common filler and 5 is incorporated in bars to provide hardness. Removal of china clay fromm the formulation therefore makes the bars softer.
However, removal of china clay is desirable for env ironmental reasons &s china clay has traces of heavy metals. Al so, from an aesthetic point of view, removal of china clay makes the bars brighter. Another object of the present invention is to formulate bars without any china clay and yet retain the bar hardness and improve the brightness of the bar.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a detergent bar composition comprising (i) fromm 5% to 60%, preferably from 10% to 50% by weight of detergent active; and (ii) from 2% to 20%, preferably from 5% to 15% by we ight of a strmcturing system being the reaction product of at least two different polyvalent metal ions with sodiuw silicate, wherein one of the metal ions is calcium or magnesium and the other being selected from boron, aluminum, zinc, calcium and magnesium.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a process for manufacturing a detergent bar composit ion ’ according to the first aspect of the present inventi on, the process comprising the steps: ' 30 (i) in & composition comprising at least some of tle detergent active or its acid precursor, in-situ generation of the structuring system by reacting the at least two different polyvalent metal ions with the sodium silicate before,
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
WO O3/640283 PCT/EPOVIIZG © during and/or after partial or complete neutralisation of the acid precursor, one of the metal ions Dbeing calcium or magnesium and the other being selected from boron, ‘ aluminium, zinc, calcium and magnesium ; (ii) optionally, before, during and/or after step (i) addition of other ingredients such as other detergent actives, builders, fillers, and other conventional ingredients; and (iii ) converting the resultant mass into the desired product form.
The percentage by weight of structuring system in the composition is 2 % to 20 %. The structuring system is pref erably formed post neutralization of the acid precursor of the detergent active.
The resultant mass is conveniently converted to the desired product form by any conventional method such ass plodding and stamping.
The Detergent active:
The detergent active is selected from soap or non-soap actives and is preferably anionic and specific detergent. actives used in detergent bar technology are described in literature, for example in Surface Active Agents and Detergents , Volume II by
Schwartz, Perry and Berch (Interscience Publishers, N.Y. 1958).
Specific examples of suitable anionic actives useful in this : invention are soap or non soap selected from limear and branched alkyl benzene sulphonates, alkane sulphonates, secondary alcohol ’ sulphates, primary alcohol sulphates, alpha ole £in sulphonates, alkyl ether sulphates, fatty acyl ester sulphonates, alkyl carboxylates and mixtures of these.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
rE WO 03/040283 PCT/EP02/11261 . When the detergent active is soap, the term total fatty matter, usually abbreviated to TFM is used to denote the percentage by
R weight of fatty acid and triglyceride residues present in soaps without taking into account the accompanyirag cations.
For a soap having 18 carbon atoms, an accompanying sodium cation will generally amount to about 8% bys weight. Other cations may be employed as desired for example zinc, potassium, 100+ magnesium, alkyl ammonium and aluminium.
The term soap denotes salts of carboxylic fatty acids. The soap may be derived from any of the triglycerides conventionally used in soap manufacture - consequently the carboxylate anions in the scap may contain from 8 to 22 carbor atoms.
The other detergent active compounds may be anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants, or mixtures thereof as are well known to those skilled in the art can also be incorporated in the formulation. Especia lly preferred are compositions in which the anionic detergent active comprises of alkyl benzene sulphonate (LAS) .
The detergent active is present in quantiti es normal for detergent bars, e.g. 5 to 60% by weight, preferably 10-50, more preferably about 12 to 45% by weight of thes total bar composition.
The in-situ generation of the structuring ssystem is done using 1 3:0 silicate which is preferably sodium silicat-e of the type having a molar ratio of 8i0,:M,0 of less than 4, more preferably less than 3, most preferably between 3 and 1.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
Builders:
The detergency> builders used in the formulation are preferably ’ inorganic and suitable builders include, for example, alkali metal aluminosilicates (zeolites), alkali metal carbonate, sodium tripoly phosphate (STPP), tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), citrattes, sodium nitrilotriacetate (NTA) and combinations of these. Builders are suitably used in an amount ranging from O to 30%.
Inorganic par ticulates:
Inorganic par ticulate phase is not an essential ingredierat of the formulati on but may be incorporated especially for hard surface cleaning compositions. preferably, the particulate phase comprisses a particulate structurant and/or abrasive which is insoluble in water. Suitable inorganic particulates can be selected from, particulate zeolites, calcites, dolomites » feldspars, si. licas, silicates, other carbonates, bicarbormates, borates, sulphates and polymeric materials such as polyethylene o
The most preferred inorganic particulates are calcium ca rbonate (as Calcite) , mixtures of calcium and magnesium carbonat es (as dolomite), sodium hydrogen carbonate, borax, sodium/pota ssium sulphate, zeolite, feldspars, talc, koalin and silica.
Calcite, tal<, kaolin, feldspar and dolomite and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred due to their low cost and : colour. '
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
BE © WO 03/040283 PCT/EP02/11261
Other conventional inorganic particulate structurants such as . alumino silicate may be generated in situ or readily available forms can be incorporated. .
Other additives:
Other additives such as one or more water insoluble particulate materials such as polysaccharides such as starch or modified starches and celluloses may be incorporated.
Minor additives:
Minor and conventional ingredients preferably selected from enzymes, antiredepositiom agents, fluorescers, colour, preservatives and perfumes, also bleaches, bleach precursors, bleach stabilisers, sequestrants, soil release agents (usually polymers) and other polymers may optionally be incorporated up to 10 wt%.
Illustrations of a few non-limiting examples are provided herein showing comparatiwe results of the composition prepared by the present invention . The composition details and their results are described in Tables 1 to 3 with reference to bars.
The processing of the detergent bar was done as explained "below.
Example 1:
Process for preparing the detergent bar: ) a. Conventional Process:
A batch of 6 kg detergent bar was prepared by taking 1.2 kg of linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid in a sigma mixer and neutralising it with 600 gms of sodium carbonate. In-situ aluminosilicate was generated by the reaction of 180 gm aluminium sulphate and 120 gm sodium silicate. Other ingredients
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
such as 720 gms of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) builder, approximately 3 kg of fillers, water and minor ingredients were also added. These were thoroughly mixed and plodded in a conventional manner (Example la) . \ b. Process according to the invention:
A batch of 6 kg detergent bar was prepared by taking 1.2 kg of linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid in a sigma mixer and neutralising it with 600 gms of sodium carbonate. The structuring system was generated after the complete neutralisation of the active by reacting 30 gm Aluminium
Sulphate, 180 gm Alkaline Silicate and 90 gm Calcium Chloride in the mixer. Other ingredients such as 720 gms of STPP builder, approximately 3 kg of fillers, water and minor ingredients were also added. These were thoroughly mixed and plodded in a conventional manner (Example ib).
Other structuring systems for comparison were generated as per the details below. In all the formulations the total structuring ingredients were maintained close to 5% of the total weight of the formulation.
Example lc: In-situ calcium silicate generated by the reaction of 180 gm sodium silicate
And 120 gm calcium chiloride
Example 14: In situ alumino silicate generated by the reaction of 30g aluminum sulphate and 30g alkaline silicate and postdosing calcium silicate generated by i reacting 90g calcium chloride and 150g alkaline silicate. )
SUBSTITUTE S HEET (RULE 26)
E © WO 03/040283 PCT/EP02/112261
S
Example le: Post-dosing calcium aluminosilicate generated by . the recaction of 30 gm Aluminum Sulphate, 180 gm
Alkali ne Silicate and 90 gm Calcium Chloride. . Example 1f: In-situ calcium boro-silicate generated by the reacti on of 30 gm Boric Acid, 210 gms of Alkaline silicate and 72 gm Aluminium Sulphate.
The bars prepare-d by the process mentioned above were tested for different physical and in use properties by the following procedure and th-e formulation details and the data are prese=nted in Table 1.
Determination of hardness of the bar
Bar hardness for a given moisture level is a direct indicat-or of how well the bar is structured. A penetrometer was used to get an estimate of the hardness and the yield stress of the detergent bars, based on the depth of penetration of a needle.
Higher the penetration, less the hardness and the yield stircess and vice-versa. Measurements are made by allowing a needle with a cone angle of 9° degrees to fall under a set weight of 50 gms for 5 seconds ora top of a flat surface of the bar. The deptth of penetration is r-eported in mm.
Water retention:
Water retention ability of a bar is quantified by measuring the water activity in the bar. This measurement is carried out on
AW Sprint model from Novasina of Switzerland. A grated sample ' of the bar is equilibrated at a set temperature, and the relative humidity calculation is done by the instrument which indicates the water activity. Lower water activity at a given moisture level indicates better ability of the bar to retain water and hence better structuring in the bar.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
Method for mush estimation
The mush refers to the paste like layer formed on the bar surface upon contact with water. This laser is useful for easy application of the bar on the fabric, however, excessive ' formation of mush is perceived as wastage (low economy) by the consumer.
Test Procedure 1) Remove the surface unevenness such as flutes/logo etc, by planing the bar using a carpenter's plane. 2) Weigh the planes bar (W, g) 3) Immerse section of bar area (50 cm’ ) of above planed bar in 250 ml of distilled water for 20 minutess. 4) At the end of 20 minutes, remove the bar from the water pool and drip dry for some time. 5) Scrape the surface exposed to water gently and collect the loosely adhering material (cling mush) in a pre-weighed petri- dish (P g). Weigh the dish and cling mussh together (W:; g) and find the weight of the cling mush (Wy; g) by difference in weights (Wix= W.-P). 6) The bar loss to solution was measured by measuring the weight gained by the water in the beaker.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULES 26)
~ © WO 03/040283 PCT/EP02/11261
Table 1 [3
Composition of | Ex Ex Ex Ex 1d EX le Ex 1f : Ingredients, Ia 1b lc wt %
Fillers* 46. | 46.3 | 46.3 | 46.3 46.3 46.3 3
Structuring In- In- In- In-situ Post-dosed | In-situ "| Ingredients, sit | situ | situ |Al-Si, . Ca-Al-Si (in-situ/post- |u Post-dosed dosed) Ca-Si
Aluminum 3 0.5 0.5 0.5
Sulphate
Alkaline 2 3 3 3.0 3 3.5
Silicate
Calcium 1.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.2
Chloride
EEE A EN Co
Moisture Targetted at 10 % =~ Actual 10 £ 0.3 %
Penetration, 1.9 1.35 1.69 1.88 2.28 1.48 mm @ 30 C 2
Water Activity | 0.7 0.65 0.692 0.657 23 8 ® Builders used were Sodium carbonate anc STPP. & Fillers used were calcite, calcium hydroxide and washed china clay.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 2®)
Lower the penetxation, higher the hardness. We find from the penetration measurements that the Calcium-alumino Silicate structured (Ex 1b) bar is harder than in-situ alumino silica te } structured bars (Ex la) and in-situ calcium silicate structured bars (Ex 1c). Also, the bars according to the invention where the Calcium Alurnino-silicate is generated in- situ (Ex. 1b) is significantly harder as compared to the bars where only
AluminoSilicate is generated in-situ and Calcium Silicate is post-dosed (Ex. 1d) and the bars where Calcium Alumino-silicate is post-dosed (Ex. le). This reinforces the fact that the structuring has to be necessarily generated in-situ.
Lower water act ivity is an indication of lower weight loss during storage. The data in Table 1 shows that the bars according to the invention (Ex. ib) have a lower water activity as compared to the bars with conventional Alumino-silicate structuring (Ex. la). This indicates that the bars according to this invention will lose less water during storage.
This invention is not restricted to only one combination of metal ions, i.e., calcium and Aluminum. More than one combination of metal ions can react with sodium Silicate to generate the structuring. Example 1f demonstrates one such case. In this case, a boron containing salt, boric Acid, amd a calcium containing salt, calcium chloride, react with Alkaline silicate to gemerate calcium boro-silicate structuring in-situ.
This structuring also improves hardness of the bar and reduces ) the water activity.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
Claims (8)
1. A detergent bar comprising: (1) from 5% to 60% by weight of detergent active; and (ii) from 2% to 20% by weight of a structuring system being the reaction product of at least two different polyvalent metal ions with sodium silicate, wherein one of the metal ions is calcium or magnesium and the other being selected from boron, aluminum, zinc, calcium and magnesium.
2. A detergent bar according to claim 1, comprising from 10% to 50% by weight of detergent active and from 5% to 15% by weight of a structuring system.
3. A detergent bar according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the sodium silicate is of the type havi ng a molar ratio of Si0; : Na,O of less than 4.
4. A detergent bar according to claim 3, wherein the molar ratio of SiO, : Nay0 is between 3 and 1.
5. A detergent bar according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bar does not contain any China clay .
6. A process for manufacturing a detergent bar composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, the process commnprising the steps: (i) in a composition comprising at least some of the detergent active or its acid precursor, in-situ generation of the structuring system by reacting the at least two different polyvalen.t metal SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Amended Sheet — 11-02-2005 ions with the sodium silicate before, during and/or after partial or complete neutralisation of the acid precursor; (ii) optionally, before, during and/or after step (i) addition of other ingredients; and (iii) converting the resultant mass into the desired product form.
} 7. A process according to claim 6, wherein in step (ii), the other ingredients are selected from other detergent actives, builders, fillers, and other conventional ingredients.
8. A process according to either claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the structuring system is generated post neutralisation of the acid precursor of the detergent active. SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Amended Sheet — 11-02-2005
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IN1073MU2001 | 2001-11-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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ZA200402951B true ZA200402951B (en) | 2005-04-19 |
Family
ID=34814935
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ZA200402951A ZA200402951B (en) | 2001-11-08 | 2004-04-19 | Detergent bar composition and process for its manufacture. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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ZA (1) | ZA200402951B (en) |
-
2004
- 2004-04-19 ZA ZA200402951A patent/ZA200402951B/en unknown
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