ZA200104274B - Multi-layer filter element. - Google Patents

Multi-layer filter element. Download PDF

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Publication number
ZA200104274B
ZA200104274B ZA200104274A ZA200104274A ZA200104274B ZA 200104274 B ZA200104274 B ZA 200104274B ZA 200104274 A ZA200104274 A ZA 200104274A ZA 200104274 A ZA200104274 A ZA 200104274A ZA 200104274 B ZA200104274 B ZA 200104274B
Authority
ZA
South Africa
Prior art keywords
filter
layer
filter element
fact
element according
Prior art date
Application number
ZA200104274A
Inventor
Manfred Tumbrink
Joachim-Paul Krieger
Gunnar-Marcel Klein
Original Assignee
Mann & Hummel Filter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mann & Hummel Filter filed Critical Mann & Hummel Filter
Publication of ZA200104274B publication Critical patent/ZA200104274B/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/111—Making filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
    • B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
    • B01D29/21—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration with corrugated, folded or wound sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
    • B01D29/58—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/18—Filters characterised by the openings or pores
    • B01D2201/188—Multiple filtering elements having filtering areas of different size

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-layer filter element. The invention provides a main filter layer which preferably consists of a melt-blown fleece and has an absolute filtration capability. A paper layer (2) on the clean side supports the filter element and does not contribute to the filtering of the fluid to be filtered. Said layer can therefore have a macropore structure, thereby allowing a low flow resistance. A layer (3 )on the clean side which preferably also consists of paper serves to pre-filter the fluid and to protect and support the main filter layer. The inventive design of the multi-layer filter material provides a means for economically producing filter elements, especially filter cartridges which are folded in the shape of a star, since no trellis protective layers are necessary. The invention also facilitates an improved thermal disposability of the proposed filter cartridge.

Description

Multi-Layer Filter Element
Description
State of Technology
The invention relates to a multi-layer filter element suitable for fluids according to the preamble to patent claim 1.
Multi-layer filter media are already known. US 5 427 597 discloses, for example, a filter for gaseous media, with fiber layers being deposited onto a filter paper in order to contribute to pre-filtration. The filter paper has an absolute filtration capability of gas to be filtered. It is possible to assemble the filter material to a cartridge-like filter system, wherein cylindrical supporting pipes are arranged for stabilization.
To filter liquids, it is likewise possible to use fibrous filter media, consisting, for instance, of glass fiber, even with absolute filtration capacity. Said fleece layers, however, are very sensitive and therefore they have to be protected by further layers. As described e.g. in US 5 215 661, wire-shaped trellises or winding plaits are used especially in case of high pressure differences existing between crude side and clean side. Said trellises are capable of preventing the fleece- like filter medium from collapsing toward the clean side of the filter. However, the meshes are too wide in order to prevent the fleece from unraveling. For that reason, it is necessary to provide additional spinning fleeces in order to protect the surfaces of the main filter layer. The effect thereof is, however, that the structure of such filter elements is complicated, wherein the thermal disposability of the same is deteriorated owing to the provided metal parts and the different kinds of plastic materials.
The object underlying this invention is therefore to create a multi-layer filter element which is economical in its manufacturing costs, easy io dispose of, and
@ suitable for being used in case of high pressure differences existing between the crude side and the clean side of the filter element.
This object is met by the characteristics of patent claim 1.
Advantages of the Invention
In accordance with the invention, this object is met in that the layer arranged on the clean side of a filter element structured in multiple layers mainly consists of cellulose-containing filter paper. It is practicable to provide further filter layers onto said filter layer. Said filter layers consist at least of one fleece-like main filter layer which can be of glass fiber; however, further fibrous filter materials are likewise conceivable. It is furthermore necessary to arrange at least one crude-side layer on the main filter layer, being suitable for protecting the latter.
In this case, it is possible to use various kinds of materials, for example, a spinning fleece.
The paper filter layer located on the clean side has a smaller degree of filtration fineness than the main filter layer. As a consequence, said main filter layer is responsible for the absolute filtration of the medium to be filtered. Consequently, the paper layer merely serves to guarantee a supporting function. The essential advantage hereof results in that the paper can be designed for this object. It is thus possible to use very durable paper, with the degree of filtration fineness selected intentionally being very coarse. Through this development, it can be avoided that the flow resistance on the filter element will increase too much owing to the high-degree of paper thickness of the stable layer located on the clean side. At any rate, the structure of the layer located on the dean side is fine enough to prevent the main filter layer from unraveling. Additionally amranging a spinning fleece between the layer on the dean side and the main filter layer is also unnecessary, as it might be for example, in case of using a trellis as a layer on the clean side.
. ® 3
The filter layer on the clean side as configured in the described manner is not involved in the filtering process. In case of absolute filtration by means of the main filter layer, the deep filtration effect of the filter medium used is primarily utilized. Owing to the effective supporting provided on the clean side, it is possible to realize the main filter layer's design merely according to the aspects of the deep filtration effect being as optimal as possible. The fibers used can be of a small diameter, for the pore size of the paper, which forms the support layer on the clean side, is in any case sufficient in order to hold back said fibers. In addition, the main filter layer can be very loose, which means that it can be configured with a high storage capacity for the particles to be separated. Then, the degree of filtration of the main filter layer can be finer toward the support layer, as a result of which the deep filtration effect will be supported, because coarse particles can be separated from the crude-side region of the main filter layer and finer particles can be separated from the clean-side region of the same. It is necessary, however, that the degree of filtration fineness selected for the main filter layer is at least on the clean side of that size that the particles to be filtered can be hold back by the respective limited size determined for each case of application. It is not possible for the support layer to take over a reliable filtering function, because the size of its pores is too large for that purpose.
Using paper as a support layer without any filtering effect can therefore replace the supporting means as described, comprising trellis and spinning fleece. This development results in a more simplified structure of the multiHayer filter medium, having effect on the economic efficiency of the manufacture of filter elements. In addition, a metal-free filter system is created which does not cause any problems with regard to the waste disposal. It is, for example, possible to incinerate the filter system in its entirety.
In accordance with an expedient embodiment of the inventive idea, the layer located on the crude side does not only take over the protective function of the main filler layer, but also serves to pre-filter the fluid to be filtered. For that purpose, the degree of filiration fineness of the layer located on the crude side
. ® 4 has to be chosen in such a way that the coarse portion of the particles to be filtered are separated by said layer on the crude side. With this embodiment, it is possible to achieve a longer endurance of the filter. It is furthermore practicable to clean the layer located on the crude side at regular intervals, by means of which the endurance of the filter can be further increased.
In an advantageous manner, the layer located on the crude side mainly consists of a cellulose-containing filter paper. Said layer can not only take over the protective effect of the main filter layer and, if necessary, the pre-filtering effect, but also simultaneously the supporting effect. Thus, a three-stage sandwich structure comprising a paper layer on each crude side and clean side as well as at least one fleece main filter layer. Compared to those multi-layer filters comprising trellis layers or further grid-like support layers made of plastics in order to serve for stabilization, this sandwich structure can be folded in the same technique as of conventional paper filters. This technique is substantially more economical because the handling of folded trellis layers is more difficult.
Using paper end layers allows in particular to economically manufacture filter elements folded in star shape by means of rotating embossing and folding machines.
Using so-called melt-blown fleeces as a layer of the filter material is highly advantageous, because said fleeces have a very high storage capacity of particles to be filtered, with a low flow resistance for the medium to be filtered.
Said advantage is achieved by the small diameter of fibers (approx. <2 pum) and the high degree of porosity of said melt-blown fleece material. The filtering effect, in particular the separating capacity, is primarily increasing, as the filtered particles are absorbed during the working life. In this case, the degree of filtration fineness of the inflow-side layer is chosen in such a way that a sufficiently long-term endurance can be reached for the filter element by providing said fine layer. : : 8 a
Favorable exemplified embodiments can be configured in detail by using at least one melt-blown fleece of approx. 15 to 150g/m? gsm substance. As basic material for the melt-blown fleece it is possible to choose, for example, PP (polypropylene), especially for non-aggressive fluids, or PES (polyethersulfone), which can likewise be used for filtering fuel or hydraulic fluids. The melt-blown fleece can be calendered.
An advantageous further development of the filter systems according to the invention is created by that the joined layers of filter media are folded in star shape in order to form the filter element. It is particularly possible to join the layers of filter media — for example, by using an embossing and folding machine — either prior to or during the folding process by way of ultrasonic welding or by way of surface pressuring during the folding process. It is likewise possible to bond the layers by means of a bonding agent, wherein a powdered bonding agent or a hot-melt impregnating agent can also be used.
The cellulose-containing filter papers can have a share of foreign substances of up to 50%, wherein the foreign substances can be glass fibers or polyester fibers.
The field of application considered for the filter element according to the invention should be, for example, oil filter systems, in particular suitable for vehicles. Combinations of a small number of basic elements for the filter media that can be designed for each application enable to vary the filtering properties to a broad extent, so that it is possible to achieve a longer endurance with the constructional volume remaining the same, a high dimensional stability against pressure differences existing between the crude side and the clean side, as well as a smaller flow resistance, thereby using relatively simple means.
The above and other features of the preferred further developments of the invention are set out not only in the claims but also in the description and in the drawings, it being possible for the individual features to be realized individually . A or combined in the form of subassemblies in the embodiment of the invention and also in other fields, and constituting independently patentable embodiments in respect of which protection is hereby sought.
Drawings
Further details on the invention are shown within the drawings by means of the schematic exemplified embodiments. In the drawings:
Figure 1 shows a cut through a filter material comprising three layers, with a filtering fleece being included by two paper layers,
Figure 2 shows a cut through a sector of a circle of a filter cartridge folded in star shape, wherein a main filtering fleece is enclosed by a paper layer on the clean side and by a spinning fleece on the crude side.
Description of the Exemplified Embodiments
Figure 1 is an illustration of a filter material consisting of three layers. The flow direction of the fluid to be filtered through the filter material is indicated by arrows. Absolute filtration is guaranteed by the main filter layer 1 consisting of meilt-blown fleece. A layer 2 located on the clean side consists of filter paper having a low flow resistance, merely serving to support the filter material and to protect the clean-side surface of the melt-blown fleece 1. In addition, a layer 3 consisting of filter paper is provided on the crude side. Said paper layer has an additional supporting effect in cooperation with the layer 2 on the dean side.
Furthermore, it serves 0 protect the clean-side surface of the meit-blown fleece.
The degree of filtration of the layer 3 located on the crude side is additionally to be chosen in such a way that a preliminary separation takes place during the flowing of the fluid to be filtered. : oo : ;
As basic material for the melt-blown fleece it is possible to use, for example, PP (polypropylene) especially for non-aggressive fluids, or PES (polyethersulfone).
To further develop the filter layers as described in Figure 1, the joined layers of filter media are folded in star shape, thus forming a filter element 4 according to the sketch of Figure 2. The layers of filter media can be joined by way of ultrasonic welding either prior to or during the folding process, by way of bonding or surface pressuring during the folding process, thereby using e.g. an embossing and folding machine.
The flow direction through the filter element as shown in Figure 2 can be radially from the outside toward the inside or vice versa, depending on the respective field of application. The filter material 5 is placed into end disks 6, it being possible to configure the same, for example, as foil end disks. As an alternative, the layer 3 on the crude side can be configured by using a spinning fleece of e.g. 17 g/m’ gsm substance.

Claims (10)

od Patent Claims
1. Filter element suitable for fluids, wherein multiple layers of filter media are joined in flow direction, with at least one layer (2) mainly consisting of cellulose-containing filter paper provided on the clean side, one fleece-like main filter layer (1), especially made of glass fiber, as well as one layer (3) provided on the crude side, characterized by the fact that the layer (3) located on the crude side and the layer (2) located on the clean side have a smaller degree of filtration than the main filter layer, -~- which has an absolute filtration capacity of the fluid to be filtered.---
2. Filter element according to patent claim 1, characterized by the fact that the layer (3) located on the crude side has a degree of filtration, serving as a barrier of the coarse portion of particles to be filtered from the fluid.
"3. Filter element according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized by the fact that the layer (3) located on the crude side mainly consists of cellulose-containing filter paper.
4. Filter element according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized by the fact that the main filter layer consists of a calendered melt-blown fleece of 15 to 150g/m’ gsm substance.
5. Filter element according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized by the fact that the filter media joined with each other are folded in star shape in order to form a filter element (4).
6. Filter element according to one of the preceding patent dams, characterized by the fact that the layers (1, 2, 3) of fitter media are joined by ultrasonic welding.
N
7. Filter element according to one of the patent claims 1 to 6 [sic], characterized by the fact that the layers (1, 2, 3) of filter media are joined with each other by way of surface pressuring during the folding process.
8. Filter element according to one of the patent claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the layers (1, 2, 3) of filter media are joined with each other by way of bonding with a powdered bonding agent or a hot-melt impregnating agent or by way of surface pressuring during the folding process.
9. Filter element according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized by the fact that one or several cellulose-containing filter layers (2, 3) have a share of up to 50% of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers or glass fibers.
10.Filter element according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized by the fact that the filter element is used as a main-flow filter or bypass-flow filter of oil filter systems or fuel filter systems, in particular suitable for vehicles.
ZA200104274A 1998-11-26 2001-05-24 Multi-layer filter element. ZA200104274B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19854565A DE19854565A1 (en) 1998-11-26 1998-11-26 Multi-layer filter element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ZA200104274B true ZA200104274B (en) 2002-08-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ZA200104274A ZA200104274B (en) 1998-11-26 2001-05-24 Multi-layer filter element.

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1133342B1 (en)
KR (1) KR100616712B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1131717C (en)
AT (1) ATE257401T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9916935A (en)
DE (2) DE19854565A1 (en)
TN (1) TNSN99219A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000030731A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200104274B (en)

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Publication number Publication date
ATE257401T1 (en) 2004-01-15
DE59908269D1 (en) 2004-02-12
DE19854565A1 (en) 2000-05-31
TNSN99219A1 (en) 2001-12-31
KR20010101063A (en) 2001-11-14
KR100616712B1 (en) 2006-08-28
BR9916935A (en) 2001-09-25
CN1328478A (en) 2001-12-26
CN1131717C (en) 2003-12-24
EP1133342B1 (en) 2004-01-07
WO2000030731A1 (en) 2000-06-02
EP1133342A1 (en) 2001-09-19

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