WO2026001099A1 - 极片、电芯和电池 - Google Patents

极片、电芯和电池

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Publication number
WO2026001099A1
WO2026001099A1 PCT/CN2025/082877 CN2025082877W WO2026001099A1 WO 2026001099 A1 WO2026001099 A1 WO 2026001099A1 CN 2025082877 W CN2025082877 W CN 2025082877W WO 2026001099 A1 WO2026001099 A1 WO 2026001099A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
region
electrode
insulating layer
thickness
active layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/082877
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张荣希
王月锋
付西超
辛汉帅
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd filed Critical Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
Publication of WO2026001099A1 publication Critical patent/WO2026001099A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to an electrode, a cell, and a battery.
  • a battery is a component that converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and it has a wide range of applications in daily life and work.
  • lithium-ion batteries are commonly used in various electronic devices such as mobile phones, cameras, laptops, and tablets, providing power to these devices and playing a very important role in people's lives and work.
  • Lithium-ion batteries consist of electrodes, which include current collectors and an active layer and an insulating layer coated on the current collector.
  • a thinning zone exists near the edge of the active layer.
  • the thickness of this thinning zone is usually quite thin, often differing from the thickness of the main active layer region by several micrometers. After multiple windings or stackings, this thickness difference accumulates, causing the thickness difference between the electrode edge and the main active layer to reach several millimeters, significantly reducing the energy density of the battery cell.
  • This application provides an electrode, a cell, and a battery that can effectively improve the energy density at the edge of the cell.
  • One aspect of this application provides an electrode sheet, including a current collector and an active layer and an insulating layer located on the current collector;
  • the active layer includes a first main region and an edge region connected together.
  • the insulating layer is disposed adjacent to the edge region of the active layer.
  • the insulating layer includes a second main region and a first side region near the active layer. The thickness of the first side region of the insulating layer is less than the thickness of the second main region of the insulating layer.
  • the ratio of the minimum thickness of the edge region to the thickness of the first main body region is 0.95 to 1.05.
  • This application achieves a ratio of the minimum thickness of the edge region of the active layer to the thickness of the first main body region of 0.95 to 1.05. This effectively reduces the overall thickness difference of the active layer, making the thickness of the active layer on the current collector more uniform. It also effectively reduces the thickness difference between the main body portion and the edge of the electrode, resulting in a more uniform overall electrode thickness. After the electrode is wound or stacked, the accumulation of thickness differences is effectively reduced, further minimizing the thickness difference between the main body portion and the edge of the cell. This effectively increases the active layer content, thereby effectively improving the energy density of the cell.
  • the thickness of the edge region gradually decreases from one end of the edge region closer to the first main body region to the other end of the edge region farther from the first main body region.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the highest point of the second main body region to the thickness of the highest point of the first main body region is 1:1 to 1:4.
  • the current collector includes a connected electrode region and an electrode tab region
  • the active layer is located on the electrode region, and the second main body region of the insulating layer is located on the tab region.
  • the distance from the highest point of the second main body region to the edge region is a
  • the distance from the highest point of the second main body region to the end of the insulating layer away from the edge region is b, wherein the value of a is less than or equal to the value of b.
  • the ratio of the distance 'a' from the highest point of the second main body region to the edge region to the length of the tab region is 0.1 to 0.3.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the highest point of the second main body region to the thickness of the edge region near the end of the insulating layer is 1:1 to 3:1.
  • At least a gap exists between the portion of the insulating layer and the edge region, the ratio of the gap to the width of the insulating layer being less than 0.3;
  • the width of the gap is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
  • the gap is located in the electrode region or in the tab region.
  • a second aspect of this application provides a battery cell, including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator, wherein the first electrode is any of the electrodes described above.
  • the highest point of the insulating layer of the first electrode extends beyond the edge of the second electrode.
  • a third aspect of this application provides a battery comprising the aforementioned battery cell.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode sheet according to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 3 is a physical cross-sectional view of an electrode sheet according to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a current collector structure provided according to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure label 100-electrode film; 110 - Current collector; 111 - Electrode region; 112 - Tab region; 120 - Active layer; 121 - First host region; 122 - Edge region; 130 - Insulation layer; 131 - Second main body region; 132 - First side region; 140-gap.
  • lithium-ion batteries include electrodes, which in turn include current collectors and an active layer coated on the current collector.
  • the active layer near its edges has a thinning zone.
  • This thinning zone is usually quite thin, and its thickness typically differs from the thickness of the main active layer region by several micrometers. After multiple windings or stackings, this thickness difference accumulates, causing the thickness difference between the electrode edge and the main active layer to reach several millimeters. Consequently, during the hot-pressing formation process of the electrode, a depression appears on one side of the cell's tab area, reducing the pressure on the electrode edge, decreasing the adhesion at the electrode edge, and consequently lowering the energy density at the cell edge.
  • this application provides an electrode sheet in which the ratio of the minimum thickness of the edge region of the active layer to the thickness of the first main body region is 0.95 to 1.05. This effectively reduces the overall thickness difference of the active layer, making the thickness of the active layer on the current collector more uniform, and effectively reducing the thickness difference between the central main body portion and the edge of the electrode sheet, resulting in a more uniform overall electrode sheet thickness.
  • the accumulation of thickness differences can be effectively reduced, further minimizing the thickness difference between the central main body portion and the edge of the battery cell. This effectively increases the active layer content, thereby effectively improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of this application
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of this application
  • Figure 3 is a physical cross-sectional view of an electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the electrode 100 can be a positive electrode.
  • the positive electrode can be stacked with a negative electrode to form a battery cell.
  • the electrode 100 can include a current collector 110 and an active layer 120 and an insulating layer 130 located on the current collector 110.
  • the insulating layer 130 can be disposed adjacent to the active layer 120.
  • the active layer 120 may include a first main region 121 and an edge region 122 connected together.
  • the insulating layer may be disposed adjacent to the edge region 122 of the active layer 120, that is, the edge region 122 is located between the first main region 121 and the insulating layer 130.
  • the insulating layer 130 may include a second main region 131 and a first side region 132 near the active layer 120, that is, the first side region 132 is located between the edge region 122 and the second main region 131.
  • the thickness of the first side region 132 of the insulating layer 130 is less than the thickness of the second main region 131 of the insulating layer 130.
  • the boundary between the first main body region 121 and the first edge region 122 can be determined as follows: from the edge region 122 of the active layer 120 to the first main body region 121 of the active layer 120, each 50 ⁇ m is taken as a test point, and the position where the thickness increase rate of two adjacent test points is less than 1% is the boundary between the first main body region 121 and the first edge region 122.
  • the boundary point between the second main body region 131 and the first side region 132 in the insulating layer 130 can also be determined by referring to the method for determining the boundary point between the first main body region 121 and the first edge region 122.
  • the ratio of the minimum thickness d2 of the edge region 122 to the thickness d1 of the first main body region 121 can be 0.95 to 1.05.
  • the active layer 120 can be applied to the current collector 110 by coating. For instance, before coating the active layer 120 onto the current collector 110, two rows of adhesive tape can be adhered to the current collector 110, with a gap between the two rows. The active layer 120 is then applied between the two rows of adhesive tape, filling the gap between them. During the coating process, the active layer 120 can be applied more evenly between the two adhesive tapes, ensuring that the thinner areas of the active layer 120 are located on the adhesive tape.
  • the tape can be peeled off, leaving only the active layer 120 between the tapes on the current collector 110.
  • the thinner areas of the active layer 120 on the tape will be removed from the current collector 110 along with the tape, leaving only the first main body area 121 and the edge area 122 of the active layer 120.
  • the thickness difference between the edge area 122 and the first main body area 121 is small, which can effectively improve the uniformity of the overall thickness of the active layer 120, making the thickness difference between the edge of the electrode and the middle main body part smaller and the thickness more uniform.
  • the embodiments of this application by setting the ratio of the minimum thickness of the edge region 122 of the active layer 120 to the thickness of the first main body region 121 to 0.95 to 1.05, can effectively reduce the overall thickness difference of the active layer 120, making the thickness of the active layer 120 on the current collector 110 more uniform. This effectively reduces the thickness difference between the main body portion and the edge of the electrode, resulting in a more uniform overall electrode thickness.
  • the accumulation of thickness differences can be effectively reduced, further minimizing the thickness difference between the main body portion and the edge of the cell. This effectively increases the content of the active layer 120, thereby effectively improving the energy density of the cell.
  • the thickness of the edge region 122 gradually decreases from the end of the edge region 122 closest to the first main body region 121 to the end of the edge region 122 furthest from the first main body region 121. That is, the minimum thickness of the edge region 122 is the thickness of the end of the edge region 122 furthest from the first main body region 121. Therefore, it can be understood that the ratio of the minimum thickness of the edge region 122 to the thickness of the first main body region 121 is the ratio of the thickness of the end of the edge region 122 furthest from the first main body region 121 to the thickness of the first main body region 121.
  • the thickness of the edge region 122 furthest from the first main body region 121 is the thinnest part of the entire active layer 120, while the thickness of the first main body region 121 is the thickest part of the active layer 120.
  • the ratio between the thinnest and thickest parts of the active layer 120 is 0.95 to 1.05. This effectively reduces the overall thickness difference of the active layer 120, improves the uniformity of its overall thickness, enhances the uniformity of the electrode sheet 100's overall thickness, and increases the content of the active layer 120, thereby effectively improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the thickness ratio of the highest point of the second main region 131 of the insulating layer 130 to the highest point of the first main region 121 of the active layer 120 is 1:1 to 1:4.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer 130 is relatively smaller than that of the active layer 120, and the difference in thickness between the insulating layer 130 and the active layer 120 is also smaller, which can make the thickness of the material layer on the current collector more uniform.
  • the indentation at the electrode tab area of the cell can be reduced, making the stress on the cell more uniform, thereby effectively improving the adhesion at the edge of the electrode and enhancing the overall structural stability of the cell.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a current collector structure provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the current collector 110 may include connected electrode regions 111 and tab regions 112.
  • the tab region 112 can be cut out from the current collector 110 by means of cutting.
  • the electrode 100 can be cut or trimmed to form the tab region 112.
  • the active layer 120 can be located on the electrode region 111, and the second main body region 131 of the insulating layer 130 can be located on the tab region 112.
  • the insulating layer 130 can slide down from the highest point in the middle to the surrounding areas. For example, the insulating layer 130 can be dripped onto the current collector 110 by dispensing adhesive. After the insulating layer 130 is dripped onto the current collector 110, the insulating layer 130 can extend outwards. As the insulating layer 130 extends outwards, the thickness of the insulating layer 130 will gradually decrease. The thickness of the insulating layer 130 is relatively the thickest in the middle part. The thickest part is the second main body region 131 of the insulating layer 130.
  • the insulating layer 130 When applying the insulating layer 130 using a dispensing method, the insulating layer 130 can be dripped onto the tab area 112, so that the second main body area 131 of the insulating layer 130 falls onto the tab area. This ensures that the insulating layer 130 is applied sufficiently to cover the burrs at the cut edges of the tab area 112, thereby preventing burrs from piercing the separator and causing short circuits in the battery, thus effectively improving battery safety.
  • the second main body region 131 of the insulating layer 130 is the thickest part of the insulating layer 130. Located in the tab region 112, its thickness increases the thickness at the edge of the electrode 100. This reduces the difference in thickness between the edge region 122 and the middle of the electrode 100, effectively improving the uniformity of the overall thickness of the electrode 100. Thus, after the electrode 100 is wound or stacked, the accumulation of thickness differences can be effectively reduced, minimizing the thickness difference between the middle main body and the edges of the cell. During the hot-pressing formation process of the electrode 100, the indentation at the tab region 112 connecting the cell can be reduced, resulting in more uniform stress on the entire cell. This effectively improves the adhesion at the edge of the electrode 100 and enhances the overall structural stability of the cell.
  • the molding material of the insulating layer 130 can be any one of burlite, alumina, or polyimide. All of these materials have good insulation properties, which can effectively improve the insulation performance of the insulating layer 130, effectively reduce or prevent short circuits in the battery, and thus effectively improve battery safety.
  • the distance from the highest point of the second main body region 131 to the edge region 122 can be a, 0.2mm ⁇ a ⁇ 1.5mm. In other words, it can be understood that the distance between the position of the dripping point of the insulating layer 130 and the edge region 122 of the active layer 120 is the above value.
  • the edge junction of the insulating layer 130 and the active layer 120 can be made more reasonable during the propagation of the insulating layer 130. This effectively reduces the gap between the insulating layer 130 and the active layer 120 and reduces or avoids the fusion between the insulating layer 130 and the active layer 120.
  • the distance from the highest point of the second main body region 131 to the end of the insulating layer 130 away from the edge region 122 can be b, where 1.5mm ⁇ b ⁇ 3mm. That is, the distance from the highest point of the insulating layer 130 to the end of the insulating layer 130 away from the edge region 122 is relatively small. This reduces the proportion of the insulating layer 130 on the current collector, thereby increasing the proportion of the active layer 120 on the current collector and effectively improving the energy density of the battery.
  • the value of 'a' can be less than the value of 'b'.
  • the insulating layer 130 drips onto the tab region 112
  • the insulating layer 130 flows a distance away from the active layer 120, and a distance towards the active layer 120, respectively.
  • the insulating layer 130 stops flowing after flowing a certain distance towards the active layer 120 and then comes into contact with it, while continuing to flow away from the active layer 120.
  • the insulating layer 130 stops flowing when it encounters the resistance of the active layer 120. Furthermore, as the insulating layer 130 continues to flow, its thickness near the active layer 120 gradually increases. This effectively reduces the thickness difference between the insulating layer 130 and the active layer 120, thereby improving the uniformity and consistency of the overall cell thickness.
  • the ratio of the distance 'a' from the highest point of the insulating layer 130 to the edge region 122 to the length of the tab region 112 can be 0.1 to 0.3. This increases the coverage area of the insulating layer 130 on the tab region 112.
  • the separator shrinks at high temperatures, the negative electrode can come into contact with the insulating layer 130, preventing a short circuit caused by contact between the negative electrode and the tab region 112, thus improving battery safety.
  • the thickness of the highest point of the insulating layer 130 can be d3, and the thickness of the edge region 122 near the end of the insulating layer 130 can be d2.
  • the ratio between the value of d3 and the value of d2 can be 1:1 to 3:1. This reduces the thickness difference between the insulating layer 130 and the active layer 120, effectively improving the flatness of the overall cell thickness, thereby improving the adhesion of the cell edges and thus effectively improving the stability of the cell.
  • the width of the gap 140 is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
  • the small size of the gap 140 reduces or prevents the negative electrode tab area from contacting the current collector 110, which could cause a short circuit inside the battery and thus improves battery safety.
  • the ratio of the width of the gap 140 to the width of the insulating layer 130 can be less than 0.3.
  • the size of the gap 140 can be controlled, which can effectively reduce the size of the gap 140. This can reduce or avoid the negative electrode tab area from contacting the current collector 110 and causing a short circuit inside the battery, thus helping to improve the safety of the battery.
  • the gap 140 can be located in the electrode region 111 or the tab region 112. Since the electrode 100 is relatively long, during the coating process of the active layer 120 on the current collector 110, the edge of the active layer 120 will be offset to a certain extent, so that part of the edge of the active layer 120 is located on the electrode region 111 and part is located on the tab region 112, thereby the gap 140 is located in the electrode region 111 or the tab region 112 respectively.
  • This application embodiment can also provide a battery cell, which may include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator.
  • the first electrode can be any of the electrode 100 described above.
  • the electrode 100 can be a positive electrode
  • the second electrode can be a negative electrode.
  • the highest point of the insulating layer 130 extends beyond the edge of the second electrode.
  • the highest point of the insulating layer 130 is located outside the negative electrode. This allows the negative electrode to cover the positive electrode while keeping its edge closer to the edge of the positive electrode. This effectively reduces the size difference between the negative and positive electrodes and helps to improve the overall energy density of the cell.
  • This application embodiment can also provide a battery that may include the aforementioned battery cell.
  • the cell has better flatness and structural stability, which can effectively improve the overall flatness and structural stability of the battery, thus helping to extend the battery's lifespan. Furthermore, it can also enable the battery to have a higher energy density, thereby increasing the battery's range.
  • connection should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the connection within two components or the interaction between two components.
  • first the terms “first,” “second,” etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种极片、电芯和电池，涉及电池技术领域，极片包括集流体以及位于集流体上的活性层和绝缘层，活性层包括相连的第一主体区和边缘区，绝缘层包括第二主体区和靠近活性层的第一侧区，绝缘层的第一侧区的厚度小于绝缘层的第二主体区的厚度。边缘区的最低厚度与第一主体区的厚度之比为0.95～1.05。本申请实施例提供的极片可以有效减小活性层整体的厚度差，使集流体上的活性层的厚度更加均匀。这样在极片卷绕或叠加后，可以有效减少厚度差的累积，能够有效减少电芯中间主体部和边缘处的厚度差。能够有效提高活性层的含量，从而有效提高电芯的能量密度。

Description

极片、电芯和电池 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种极片、电芯和电池。
背景技术
电池是一种将化学能转化为电能的元器件，在日常的生活和工作中具有非常广泛的应用。例如锂离子电池，常应用于手机、相机、笔记本以及平板等各种电子设备中，为电子设备提供电源，在人们的生活和工作中占据非常重要的地位。
锂离子电池包括极片，极片包括集流体和涂设在集流体上的活性层和绝缘层。通常，在集流体上涂布活性层的过程，活性层靠近边缘的部位具有减薄区。减薄区的厚度通常较薄，减薄区的厚度与活性层主体区的厚度通常相差几微米。这样在经多次卷绕或叠片后，厚度差会发生累积，使极片边缘处的厚度与主体区的厚度之差达到几毫米，大大降低电芯的能量密度。
发明内容
本申请提供一种极片、电芯和电池，能够有效提升电芯边缘处的能量密度。
本申请的一方面提供一种极片，包括集流体以及位于所述集流体上的活性层和绝缘层；
所述活性层包括相连的第一主体区和边缘区，所述绝缘层临近所述活性层的所述边缘区设置，所述绝缘层包括第二主体区和靠近所述活性层的第一侧区，所述绝缘层的所述第一侧区的厚度小于所述绝缘层的所述第二主体区的厚度；
所述边缘区的最低厚度与所述第一主体区的厚度之比为0.95～1.05。
本申请通过使活性层的边缘区的最低厚度与第一主体区的厚度之比为0.95～1.05，这样可以有效减小活性层整体的厚度差，使集流体上的活性层的厚度更加均匀，能够有效降低极片中间主体部位与边缘处的厚度差，使极片整体的厚度更加均匀。在极片卷绕或叠加后，可以有效减少厚度差的累积，能够有效减少电芯中间主体部和边缘处的厚度差。能够有效提高活性层的含量，从而有效提高电芯的能量密度。
在一种可能实现的方式中，从所述边缘区靠近所述第一主体区的一端至所述边缘区远离所述第一主体区的一端，所述边缘区的厚度逐渐减小。
在一种可能实现的方式中，所述第二主体区的最高点的厚度与所述第一主体区的最高点的厚度之比为1：1～1：4。
在一种可能实现的方式中，所述集流体包括相连的极片区和极耳区；
所述活性层位于所述极片区上，所述绝缘层的所述第二主体区位于所述极耳区上。
在一种可能实现的方式中，所述第二主体区的最高点到所述边缘区的距离为a，所述第二主体区的最高点到所述绝缘层远离所述边缘区一端的距离为b，所述a的取值小于等于所述b的取值；
和/或，0.2mm≤所述a≤1.5mm；
和/或，1.5mm≤所述b≤3mm。
在一种可能实现的方式中，所述第二主体区的最高点到所述边缘区的距离a与所述极耳区的长度之比为0.1～0.3。
在一种可能实现的方式中，所述第二主体区的最高点的厚度与所述边缘区靠近所述绝缘层一端的厚度的比值为1：1～3：1。
在一种可能实现的方式中，至少所述部分绝缘层与所述边缘区之间具有间隙，所述间隙与所述绝缘层的宽度之比小于0.3；
和/或，所述间隙的宽度小于等于0.5mm。
在一种可能实现的方式中，所述间隙位于所述极片区或者位于所述极耳区。
本申请第二方面提供一种电芯，包括第一极片、第二极片和隔膜，所述第一极片为上述任一所述的极片。
在一种可能实现的方式中，沿所述第一极片的极片区到极耳区的方向，所述第一极片的绝缘层的最高点超出所述第二极片的边缘。
本申请第三方面提供一种电池，包括上述所述的电芯。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作以简单介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例。对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为根据本申请一个实施例提供的一种极片的结构示意图。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种极片的剖视图。
图3为根据本申请一个实施例提供的一种极片剖视的实物图。
图4为根据本申请一个实施例提供的一种集流体的结构示意图。
附图标记：
100-极片；
110-集流体；111-极片区；112-极耳区；
120-活性层；121-第一主体区；122-边缘区；
130-绝缘层；131-第二主体区；132-第一侧区；
140-间隙。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
正如上述背景技术的内容，锂离子电池包括极片，极片包括集流体和涂设在集流体上的活性层。通常，在集流体上涂布活性层的过程，活性层靠近边缘的部位具有减薄区，减薄区的厚度通常较薄，减薄区的厚度与活性层主体区的厚度通常相差几微米。这样在经多次卷绕或叠片后，厚度差会发生累积，使极片边缘处的厚度与主体区的厚度之差达到几毫米。这样，在极片热压化成过程中，电芯连接极耳区处的一侧会出现凹陷，使极片边缘受压较小，降低了极片边缘处的粘接性，并且会降低电芯边缘的能量密度。
为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种极片，使活性层的边缘区的最低厚度与第一主体区的厚度之比为0.95～1.05。这样可以有效减小活性层整体的厚度差，使集流体上的活性层的厚度更加均匀，能够有效降低极片中间主体部位与边缘处的厚度差，使极片整体的厚度更加均匀。在极片卷绕或叠加后，可以有效减少厚度差的累积，能够有效减少电芯中间主体部和边缘处的厚度差。能够有效提高活性层的含量，从而有效提高电芯的能量密度。
以下结合附图对本申请实施例提供的极片进行详细说明。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种极片的结构示意图，图2为本申请实施例提供的一种极片的剖视图，图3为本申请实施例提供的一种极片剖视的实物图。
本申请实施例提供一种极片100，该极片100可以是正极极片，正极极片可以与负极极片叠层设置而形成电芯。参见图1所示和图2，极片100可以包括集流体110以及位于集流体110上的活性层120和绝缘层130，绝缘层130可以临近活性层120设置。
结合图2和图3所示，活性层120可以包括相连的第一主体区121和边缘区122，绝缘层可以临近活性层120的边缘区122设置，也即边缘区122位于第一主体区121和绝缘层130之间。绝缘层130可以包括第二主体区131和靠近活性层120的第一侧区132，也即第一侧区132位于边缘区122与第二主体区131之间，绝缘层130的第一侧区132的厚度小于绝缘层130的第二主体区131的厚度。
第一主体区121与第一边缘区122之间的分界点可以通过如下方式进行确定：从活性层120的边缘区122至活性层120的第一主体区121的方向，每个50μm作为一个测试点，相邻两个测试点的厚度增加率小于1％的位置即为第一主体区121与第一边缘区122之间的分界点。
相应的，绝缘层130中的第二主体区131与第一侧区132之间的分界点也可以参照第一主体区121与第一边缘区122之间的分界点的确定方法进行确定。
参见图2所示，边缘区122的最低厚度d2与第一主体区121的厚度d1之比可以为0.95～1.05。
这样可以有效减小活性层120的第一主体区121与边缘区122之间的厚度差，使活性层120整体的厚度更加均匀。
例如，活性层120可以通过涂布的方式设置在集流体110上。例如，在集流体110上涂布活性层120之前，可以先在集流体110上粘贴两行胶带，并且两行胶带之间具有间隔。在两行胶带之间进行活性层120的涂布，以使活性层120充满两行胶带之间的间隔。在涂布活性层120的过程中，可以使活性层120在两个胶带之间的部位涂布的较为均匀，使得活性层120上较薄的减薄区位于胶带上。
在完成活性层120涂布和烘干之后，可以将胶带撕掉，仅使位于胶带之间活性层120留在集流体110上，在撕掉胶带的过程中，位于胶带上的活性层120较薄的区域会被胶带一起从集流体110上去掉，仅有活性层120的第一主体区121和边缘区122，边缘区122的厚度与第一主体区121之间差值较小，可以有效提高活性层120整体厚度的均匀性，使极片边缘处和中间主体部位的厚度差值较小，厚度较为均匀。
与相关技术中的方案相比，本申请实施例通过使活性层120的边缘区122的最低厚度与第一主体区121的厚度之比为0.95～1.05，这样可以有效减小活性层120整体的厚度差，使集流体110上的活性层120的厚度更加均匀，能够有效降低极片中间主体部位与边缘处的厚度差，使极片整体的厚度更加均匀。这样在极片卷绕或叠加后，可以有效减少厚度差的累积，能够有效减少电芯中间主体部和边缘处的厚度差。能够有效提高活性层120的含量，从而有效提高电芯的能量密度。
继续参加图2所示，从边缘区122靠近第一主体区121的一端至边缘区122远离第一主体区121的一端，边缘区122的厚度逐渐减小。也即边缘区122的最低厚度即为边缘区122远离第一主体区121一端的厚度。因此，可以理解为边缘区122最低厚度与第一主体区121的厚度之比，就是边缘区122远离第一主体区121一端的厚度与第一主体区121的厚度的之比。
边缘区122远离第一主体区121一端的厚度就是整个活性层120厚度最小的部位，而第一主体区121的厚度为活性层120厚度最厚的部位，也即活性层120厚度最小的部位与活性层120厚度最厚的部位之间的比值为0.95～1.05。这样可以有效降低活性层120整体的厚度差值，可以有效提高活性层120整体厚度的均匀性，能够有效提高极片100整体厚度的均匀性，能够有效提高活性层120的含量，从而有效提升电芯的能量密度。
其中，绝缘层130的第二主体区131的最高点的厚度与活性层120的第一主体区121的最高点的厚度之比为1：1～1:4，绝缘层130的厚度相对活性层120的厚度较小，且绝缘层130的厚度相对活性层120的厚度差距也较小，可以使集流体上的物质层的厚度更加均匀。在极片热压化成过程中，可以减小电芯连接极耳区处的凹陷，使电芯整体的受力更加均匀，从而有效提高极片边缘处的粘接性，提升电芯整体的结构稳定性。
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种集流体的结构示意图。
参见图4所示，集流体110可以包括相连的极片区111和极耳区112，例如，可以通过裁切等方式在集流体110上裁剪出极耳区112。例如，在将绝缘层130点设在集流体110上之后，可以对极片100进行切割或裁剪，以形成极耳区112。
活性层120可以位于极片区111上，绝缘层130的第二主体区131可以位于极耳区112上，其中，绝缘层130可以自中间最高点向四周下滑，例如，绝缘层130可以通过点胶的方式滴落在集流体110上，在绝缘层130滴落在集流体110上之后，绝缘层130可以四周延伸，并且，随着绝缘层130向外延伸，绝缘层130的厚度会逐渐减薄，绝缘层130的中间部位的厚度相对最厚，厚度最厚的部位即为绝缘层130的第二主体区131。
其中，在通过点胶方式设置绝缘层130时，可以将绝缘层130滴落在极耳区112上，以使绝缘层130的第二主体区131落在极耳区上。这样可以保证绝缘层130在极耳区112上设置的量，使绝缘层130能够对极耳区112的裁切边缘处的毛刺进行有效覆盖，从而有效防止毛刺刺穿隔膜，进而造成电池短路等问题，能够有效提高电池的安全性。
而且，绝缘层130的第二主体区131是绝缘层130中厚度最厚的部位，第二主体区131位于极耳区112，其厚度较厚，可以增加极片100边缘处的厚度。使极片100边缘区122的厚度与极片100中间厚度的差值较小，可以有效提高极片100整体厚度的均匀性。这样在极片100卷绕或叠加后，可以有效减少厚度差的累积，能够有效减少电芯中间主体部和边缘处的厚度差。在极片100热压化成过程中，可以减小电芯连接极耳区112处的凹陷，使电芯整体的受力更加均匀，从而有效提高极片100边缘处的粘接性，提升电芯整体的结构稳定性。
在本申请实施例中，绝缘层130的成型材料可以是勃母石、氧化铝或聚酰亚胺中的任意一种。上述材料均具有较好的绝缘性，可以有效提高绝缘层130的绝缘性能，能够有效减少或避免电池发生短路，从而有效提高电池的安全性。
继续参见图2所示，第二主体区131的最高点到边缘区122的距离可以为a，0.2mm≤a≤1.5mm，换言之，可以理解为绝缘层130的滴落点的位置距离活性层120边缘区122的尺寸为上述取值。
通过控制绝缘层130的滴落点的位置与活性层120的边缘区122的距离，这样在绝缘层130蔓延的过程中，可以使绝缘层130与活性层120的边缘交接的较为合理。能够有效减小绝缘层130与活性层120之间的间隙，并减少或避免绝缘层130与活性层120之间相互融合。
这样可以防止绝缘层130与活性层120之间的间隙过大而使负极极片与集流体接触而发生短路，还能够避免绝缘层130与活性层120之间接触融合过多而使融合的部位厚度过高而使极片的好厚度出现凹凸不平。
继续参见图2所示，第二主体区131的最高点到绝缘层130远离边缘区122一端的距离可以为b，1.5mm≤b≤3mm。也即绝缘层130最高点到绝缘层130远离边缘区122一端的距离尺寸较小，这样可以减小绝缘层130在集流体上的占比，从而提升活性层120在集流体上的占比，能够有效提高电池的能量密度。
其中，a的取值可以小于b的取值，绝缘层130在滴落在极耳区112上后，绝缘层130朝向远离活性层120的方向流动的距离为b，绝缘层130朝向靠近活性层120的方向流动的距离为a。通过使a的取值小于b的取值，也即绝缘层130朝向活性层120流动一端距离后与活性层120相接触而停止了流动，而绝缘层130朝向远离活性层120的方向还在继续流动。
其中，绝缘层130流动遇到活性层120的阻挡后会停止流动，并且，随着绝缘层130继续流动，绝缘层130靠近活性层120一端的厚度会逐渐增加。这样可以有效减小绝缘层130与活性层120之间的厚度差，从而有效提高电芯整体厚度的均匀性和一致性。
继续参见图2所示，绝缘层130最高点到边缘区122的距离a与极耳区112的长度之比可以为0.1～0.3。这样可以增加绝缘层130在极耳区112上的覆盖尺寸，当电池在高温下隔离膜发生收缩时，可以使负极极片与绝缘层130相接触，能够避免负极极片与极耳区112接触而发生短路，有助于提高电池的安全性。
继续参见图2所示，绝缘层130最高点的厚度可以为d3，边缘区122靠近绝缘层130一端的厚度可以为d2，d3的取值与d2的取值之间的比值可以为1：1～3：1。这样可以减小绝缘层130与活性层120之间的厚度差，可以有效提高电芯整体厚度的平整度，从而提高电芯边缘的粘接性，从而有效提高电芯的稳定性。
继续参见图2所示，绝缘层130与边缘区122之间具有间隙140，间隙140的宽度小于等于0.5mm。间隙140的尺寸较小，这样可以减小或避免负极极耳区与集流体110接触而使电池内部发生短路，有助于提高电池的安全性。
和/或，间隙140与绝缘层130的宽度(也即a+b)之比可以小于0.3，通过控制间隙140与绝缘层130宽度之间的比值关系，可以对间隙140大小进行控制，能够有效减小间隙140尺寸，这样可以减小或避免负极极耳区与集流体110接触而使电池内部发生短路，有助于提高电池的安全性。
间隙140可以位于极片区111或者位于极耳区112，由于极片100的长度较长，活性层120在集流体110上涂布的过程中，活性层120的边缘会发生一定的偏移，使活性层120的边缘部分位于极片区111上，部分位于极耳区112上，从而使间隙140对应的位于极片区111或者极耳区112。
本申请实施例还可以提供一种电芯，电芯可以包括第一极片、第二极片和隔膜，第一极片可以为上述任一场景下的极片100。例如，极片100可以为正极极片，第二极片可以为负极极片。通过使电芯包括上述的极片100，可以有效减少电芯中的凹陷部位，能够有效提高电芯整体厚度的均匀性，提升电芯整体的粘接性，从而有效提高电芯的结构稳定性。而且，还能够有效提高电芯的能量密度。
沿第一极片的极片区111到极耳区112的方向，绝缘层130的最高点超出第二极片的边缘，换言之，可以理解为绝缘层130的最高点位于负极极片的外侧，这样可以使负极极片在满足对正极极片包覆作用的前提下，使负极极片的边缘距离正极极片的边缘较近，可以有效减小负极极片与正极极片的尺寸差，有助于提高电芯整体的能量密度。
本申请实施例还可以提供一种电池，该电池可以包括上述的电芯。通过使电池包括上述的电芯，电芯具有较好的平整度和结构稳定性，可以有效提高电池整体的平整度和结构稳定性，有助于提升电池的使用寿命。而且，还可以使电池具有较高的能量密度，可以提升电池的续航时间。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，本文中使用的术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解，例如可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成为一体；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以使两个元件内部的相连或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种极片，其特征在于，包括集流体、位于所述集流体上的活性层和绝缘层；
    所述活性层包括相连的第一主体区和边缘区，所述绝缘层临近所述活性层的所述边缘区设置，所述绝缘层包括第二主体区和靠近所述活性层的第一侧区，所述绝缘层的所述第一侧区的厚度小于所述绝缘层的所述第二主体区的厚度；
    所述边缘区的最低厚度与所述第一主体区的厚度之比为0.95～1.05。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的极片，其特征在于，从所述边缘区靠近所述第一主体区的一端至所述边缘区远离所述第一主体区的一端，所述边缘区的厚度逐渐减小。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的极片，其特征在于，所述第二主体区的最高点的厚度与所述第一主体区的最高点的厚度之比为1：1～1：4。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项中所述的极片，其特征在于，所述集流体包括相连的极片区和极耳区；
    所述活性层位于所述极片区上，所述绝缘层的所述第二主体区位于所述极耳区上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的极片，其特征在于，至少部分所述绝缘层与所述边缘区之间具有间隙，所述间隙与所述绝缘层的宽度之比小于0.3。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的极片，其特征在于，所述间隙的宽度小于等于0.5mm。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的极片，其特征在于，所述间隙位于所述极片区或者位于所述极耳区。
  8. 根据权利要求4至7中任一项所述的极片，其特征在于，所述第二主体区的最高点到所述边缘区的距离a与所述极耳区的长度之比为0.1～0.3。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项中所述的极片，其特征在于，所述第二主体区的最高点到所述边缘区的距离为a，所述第二主体区的最高点到所述绝缘层远离所述边缘区一端的距离为b，所述a的取值小于等于所述b的取值。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的极片，其特征在于，0.2mm≤所述a≤1.5mm。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的极片，其特征在于，1.5mm≤所述b≤3mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1或2所述的极片，其特征在于，所述第二主体区的最高点的厚度与所述边缘区靠近所述绝缘层一端的厚度的比值为1：1～3：1。
  13. 根据权利要求1或2所述的极片，其特征在于，所述集流体包括相连的极片区和极耳区；
    所述活性层位于所述极片区上，所述绝缘层的所述第二主体区位于所述极耳区上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的极片，其特征在于，至少部分所述绝缘层与所述边缘区之间具有间隙，所述间隙与所述绝缘层的宽度之比小于0.3。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的极片，其特征在于，所述间隙的宽度小于等于0.5mm。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的极片，其特征在于，所述间隙位于所述极片区或者位于所述极耳区。
  17. 根据权利要求13至16中任一项所述的极片，其特征在于，所述第二主体区的最高点到所述边缘区的距离a与所述极耳区的长度之比为0.1～0.3。
  18. 根据权利要求13至17任一项中所述的极片，其特征在于，所述第二主体区的最高点到所述边缘区的距离为a，所述第二主体区的最高点到所述绝缘层远离所述边缘区一端的距离为b，所述a的取值小于等于所述b的取值。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的极片，其特征在于，0.2mm≤所述a≤1.5mm。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的极片，其特征在于，1.5mm≤所述b≤3mm。
  21. 根据权利要求13至20任一项所述的极片，其特征在于，所述第二主体区的最高点的厚度与所述边缘区靠近所述绝缘层一端的厚度的比值为1：1～3：1。
  22. 一种电芯，其特征在于，包括第一极片、第二极片和隔膜，所述第一极片为上述权利要求1至21任一所述的极片。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的电芯，其特征在于，沿所述第一极片的极片区到极耳区的方向，所述第一极片的绝缘层的最高点超出所述第二极片的边缘。
  24. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括权利要求22或23所述的电芯。
PCT/CN2025/082877 2024-06-27 2025-03-17 极片、电芯和电池 Pending WO2026001099A1 (zh)

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CN114335407A (zh) * 2021-12-23 2022-04-12 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 一种极片及电池
CN219350608U (zh) * 2023-01-17 2023-07-14 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN219800909U (zh) * 2023-05-29 2023-10-03 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 一种极片、电芯
CN116941056A (zh) * 2021-03-18 2023-10-24 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电化学装置以及应用其的电子装置
WO2024026851A1 (zh) * 2022-08-05 2024-02-08 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电设备

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116941056A (zh) * 2021-03-18 2023-10-24 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电化学装置以及应用其的电子装置
CN114335407A (zh) * 2021-12-23 2022-04-12 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 一种极片及电池
WO2024026851A1 (zh) * 2022-08-05 2024-02-08 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN219350608U (zh) * 2023-01-17 2023-07-14 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
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