WO2025227601A1 - 显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents

显示面板及显示装置

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Publication number
WO2025227601A1
WO2025227601A1 PCT/CN2024/120453 CN2024120453W WO2025227601A1 WO 2025227601 A1 WO2025227601 A1 WO 2025227601A1 CN 2024120453 W CN2024120453 W CN 2024120453W WO 2025227601 A1 WO2025227601 A1 WO 2025227601A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pixel
sub
pixels
light
segmented sub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/120453
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
关新兴
曾琪皓
刘浩
梁翠翠
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BOE Technology Group Co Ltd, Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd filed Critical BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025227601A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025227601A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H10K59/1213—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements the pixel elements being TFTs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/123—Connection of the pixel electrodes to the thin film transistors [TFT]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/126—Shielding, e.g. light-blocking means over the TFTs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel and a display device.
  • the pixel unit includes multiple sub-pixels of different colors, and at least one of the sub-pixels is divided into multiple segmented sub-pixels by the pixel defining layer; the light-shielding layer array is arranged with multiple light-transmitting holes, each of the light-transmitting holes is disposed opposite to a segmented sub-pixel, and the light-transmitting hole and the segmented sub-pixel overlap at least partially with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel on the substrate, so as to limit the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixel.
  • This disclosure also provides a display device, including the display panel described in the above embodiments.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pixel unit in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2B shows the positional relationship of sub-pixels of different colors in Figure 2A;
  • Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of the structure of another pixel unit in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3B shows the positional relationship of sub-pixels of different colors in Figure 3A;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of segmented sub-pixels in different color sub-pixels in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure
  • Figure 5B is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the first directional opening and the segmented sub-pixels in the second form of an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.
  • Figure 6A is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the second directional opening and the segmented sub-pixels in the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6B is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the second directional opening and the segmented sub-pixels in the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6C is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the second directional opening and the segmented sub-pixels in the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6D is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the second directional opening and the segmented sub-pixels in the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6E is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the second directional opening and the segmented sub-pixels in the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6F is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the second directional opening and the segmented sub-pixels in the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • devices equipped with OLED display panels should have the ability to control the emission angle of the light source to avoid the leakage of sensitive information and reduce unnecessary interference with the vision of nearby people caused by screen light.
  • the windshield can further reflect the light into the driver's line of sight, thus posing a potential interference to the driver's safe driving.
  • the horizontal light from the entertainment screen in the passenger seat needs to maintain a certain brightness and viewing angle.
  • the emission angle of the entertainment screen and the in-vehicle infotainment screen needs to be carefully controlled and optimized.
  • the light emission angle needs to be optimized beforehand. Typically, this can be achieved by limiting the light emission angle of sub-pixels. This is done by setting a BM (Black Matrix) in the display panel to define the edge areas of the sub-pixels, thereby improving the overall light emission angle of the display panel. This ensures the display panel has good display performance. As a result, it is necessary for sub-pixels to have sufficient output light intensity. Therefore, using BM can only limit the edge area of the sub-pixel, and it is difficult to improve and control the light emission direction of other parts inside the sub-pixel.
  • BM Black Matrix
  • An exemplary embodiment of this disclosure provides a display panel including a stacked substrate 100, a pixel defining layer 200, and a light-shielding layer 300.
  • the pixel defining layer 200 is provided with a plurality of pixel units 400.
  • Each pixel unit 400 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 410 of different colors. At least one sub-pixel 410 is divided into a plurality of segmented sub-pixels 411 by the pixel defining layer 200.
  • the light-shielding layer 300 is arrayed with a plurality of light-transmitting holes 310.
  • Each light-transmitting hole 310 is disposed opposite to a segmented sub-pixel 411. The light-transmitting hole 310 and the segmented sub-pixel 411 overlap at least partially in the orthographic projection of the substrate 100, thereby limiting the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixel 411.
  • an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure provides a display panel that combines good display performance and privacy protection.
  • the display panel includes a substrate 100, a pixel defining layer 200, and a light-shielding layer 300.
  • the substrate 100 serves as the supporting body of the display panel, supporting and protecting some components and subsequent film structures in the display panel, and preventing external water and oxygen molecules from entering the display panel and interfering with its normal use.
  • the pixel defining layer 200 can be formed on the surface of the substrate 100 using a patterning process to support the subsequent film structures.
  • a plurality of pixel units 400 are uniformly distributed in the pixel defining layer 200, serving as the display light source for the display panel to ensure that the display panel has good display performance.
  • each pixel unit 400 in the pixel limiting layer 200 includes multiple sub-pixels 410 of different colors to generate light of different colors. During the display process of the display panel, the mixing of different colored light can produce different lighting effects, enabling the display panel to achieve color display. Furthermore, at least one sub-pixel 410 in the pixel unit 400 can be divided into multiple segmented sub-pixels 411 by the pixel limiting layer 200, i.e., it is divided into two or more segmented sub-pixels 411 in the pixel limiting layer 200.
  • the light from pixel 410 is more uniform; and a light-shielding layer 300 is provided on the side of the pixel limiting layer 200 away from the substrate 100.
  • the light-shielding layer 300 array has multiple light-transmitting holes 310.
  • each segmented sub-pixel 411 in any sub-pixel 410 is correspondingly set with a light-transmitting hole 310 of the light-shielding layer 300, and the orthographic projection of the segmented sub-pixel 411 on the substrate 100 and the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting hole 310 on the substrate 100 are at least partially overlapped.
  • the light-shielding layer 300 at the edge region of the light-transmitting hole 310 restricts the light in the surrounding area of the corresponding segmented sub-pixel 411, thereby constraining the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixel 411, so as to reduce the viewing angle of the display panel and achieve the privacy protection effect.
  • the substrate 100 may include at least one base layer and a buffer layer (neither of which is labeled in the figure).
  • the base layer may be formed using one or more materials such as glass, optical ceramics, quartz, polyimide, and polycarbonate to give the display panel good impact resistance and water and oxygen resistance.
  • the buffer layer is disposed between the base layer and the pixel defining layer 200 and is used to planarize the surface of the base layer to buffer and protect the device layer and the pixel defining layer 200 disposed on the surface of the base layer.
  • the buffer layer may be formed using one or more materials such as silicon nitride or silicon oxide, which will not be described in detail here.
  • At least one planarization layer (not shown in the figure) is provided between the substrate 100 and the pixel defining layer 200.
  • This planarization layer can be formed on the surface of the substrate 100 using PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) technology. It is used to planarize the uneven areas on the surface of the substrate 100, improve the flatness of the substrate 100 surface, and improve the continuity and flatness of the subsequently formed film structure. This will not be elaborated further here.
  • the display panel and display device utilized in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure utilize the pixel defining layer 200 to further divide the sub-pixels 410 in the pixel unit 400 into a plurality of segmented sub-pixels 411, and arrange them in an array through the light-shielding layer 300.
  • the through-hole restricts and constrains the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixel 411, so that the segmented sub-pixel 411 has good privacy protection performance, improves the light emission intensity and light emission efficiency of the pixel unit 400, optimizes the display effect of the display panel, and thus improves the overall quality of the display panel.
  • the segmented sub-pixel 411 includes a first side 4111 and a second side 4112 that are connected to each other.
  • the length of the first side 4111 is greater than the length of the second side 4112.
  • the light-transmitting hole 310 is adapted to the segmented sub-pixel 411 to limit the light emission angle of the area surrounding the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixel 411.
  • each segmented sub-pixel 411 includes a first side 4111 and a second side 4112. By making the length of the first side 4111 greater than the length of the second side 4112, the light intensity of the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixel 411 can be greater than that of the second side.
  • the first side 4111 and the second side 4112 of the segmented sub-pixel 411 will be further described in conjunction with the above exemplary embodiments.
  • the first side 4111 and the second side 4112 are connected to each other, and the length of the first side 4111 is greater than the length of the second side 4112, so that the segmented sub-pixel 411 forms an elongated structure.
  • the first side 4111 and the second side 4112 of the same segmented sub-pixel 411 can be set to be a straight line or a curve.
  • the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixel 411 ...
  • Both the first side 4111 and the second side 4112 can be arranged in a straight line, and the first side 4111 and the second side 4112 can be perpendicular to each other, thereby forming a regular segmented sub-pixel 411, such as a rectangle.
  • using rectangular segmented sub-pixels 411 can improve the distribution density of segmented sub-pixels 411 in the pixel limiting layer 200 and enhance the light emission intensity of the display panel.
  • the size of the segmented sub-pixels 411 is smaller, so the manufacturing difficulty is relatively greater. By using rectangular sub-pixels 410, the manufacturing difficulty of sub-pixels 410 can be reduced, and the cost investment can be reduced.
  • the distance between adjacent segmented sub-pixels 411 can be any value from 14 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, such as 20 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m or 150 ⁇ m.
  • the specific value can be selected according to the specific size of the segmented sub-pixels 411 and the manufacturing process of the display panel, to ensure that each sub-pixel 410 has good light efficiency and reduce interference between adjacent segmented sub-pixels 411.
  • the ratio between the length of the first side 4111 and the length of the second side 4112 of the segmented sub-pixel 411 can be in the range of 1:1 to 7:1, such as 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 or 5:1, so that the segmented sub-pixels 411 form a more regular elongated shape, improve the regularity of the segmented sub-pixels 411 in the pixel limiting layer 200, and facilitate the rational planning of the layout of the segmented sub-pixels 411.
  • the distance between the center points of any two adjacent sub-pixels 410 of different colors is the same.
  • the same pixel unit 400 can be divided into multiple sub-pixels 410 by the pixel limiting layer 200. Taking three sub-pixels 410 of different colors in the same pixel unit 400 as an example, the three sub-pixels 410 of different colors can be arranged in a triangular structure.
  • the lines connecting two adjacent sub-pixels of different colors 410 form a triangular structure.
  • the triangle formed by the lines connecting the three is an equilateral triangle, which is beneficial for filling sub-pixels.
  • the gaps between the sub-pixels 410 improve the compactness of the pixels, which helps to improve the space utilization of the pixel unit 400 and reduce the invalid display area.
  • the edge display effect improves the edge display effect so that the sub-pixels 410 are evenly distributed in the pixel limiting layer 200, so that the color of the edge area of the pixel unit 400 is more uniform, reducing the generation of jagged edges or color fringes, thereby reducing the impact of the light-transmitting hole 310 of the light-shielding layer 300 on the overall light intensity of the pixel unit 400.
  • the first side 4111 of any two segmented sub-pixels 411 extends in the same direction, and the second side 4112 of segmented sub-pixels 411 of different colors has the same length along the extension direction of the first side 4111.
  • the second side 4112 of the sub-pixels 411 has the same length, which reduces the difference in light produced by different sub-pixels 411, helps to improve the uniformity within the pixel unit 400, reduces color distortion caused by differences in the size of the factor pixels 410, and improves the resolution and color uniformity of the display panel.
  • the sub-pixels 410 of the same width can make the distribution of each color on the display panel more uniform, avoiding color deviation caused by different sizes of factor pixels 410. Since the color sub-pixels 410 have the same length, it helps to achieve color balance, thereby improving the overall picture quality.
  • the center points of any two sub-pixels 410 of different colors are located on the same straight line.
  • the same pixel unit 400 can be divided into multiple sub-pixels 410 by the pixel limiting layer 200. Taking the same pixel unit 400 having three sub-pixels 410 of different colors as an example, and any two sub-pixels of different colors...
  • the center points of pixels 410 are located on the same straight line, that is, the center points of all sub-pixels 410 in pixel unit 400 are located on the same straight line. This can improve the alignment accuracy of sub-pixels 410 of different colors, ensure that sub-pixels 410 of different colors can be evenly distributed in pixel limiting layer 200, reduce gaps between pixels, thereby improving display quality and improving edge sharpness and color transition smoothness.
  • the center points of all sub-pixels 410 on the same straight line, it is beneficial to adjust the distribution density of sub-pixels 410 in the display panel, and improve the fineness and clarity of the display process.
  • the first side edges 4111 of any two segmented sub-pixels 411 extend in the same direction and have the same length.
  • At least two segmentation sub-pixels 411 are green segmentation sub-pixels 411, and the first side edges 4111 of the green segmentation sub-pixels 411 extend in the same direction;
  • At least two segmented sub-pixels 411 include a red segmented sub-pixel 411 and a blue segmented sub-pixel 411, and the extension directions of the first side 4111 of the red segmented sub-pixel 411, the first side 4111 of the blue segmented sub-pixel 411, and the first side 4111 of the green segmented sub-pixel 411 are the same.
  • At least one red segmented sub-pixel 411 and a blue segmented sub-pixel 411 are further provided to enable the display panel to achieve color display.
  • the color uniformity of the light in the pixel unit 400 can be improved, ensuring a more uniform color distribution in the display panel and reducing the occurrence of stripes and aliasing during display.
  • the relatively neat arrangement of one or more colored segmented sub-pixels 411 in the pixel limiting layer 200 can reduce moiré interference caused by the mismatch between the arrangement of the factor pixels 410 and the periodic structure of the displayed content, helping to maintain color consistency and stability under different viewing angles.
  • the first side 4111 of any two segmented sub-pixels 411 has the same size
  • the second side 4112 has the same size
  • the first side 4111 of any two sub-pixels 411 has the same size
  • the second side 4112 has the same size. That is, all sub-pixels 411 of the sub-pixel 410 can be of the same size.
  • sub-pixels 411 of the same size are beneficial to control the manufacturing process, reduce the possibility of production errors, reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the display panel, improve the product yield, and facilitate large-scale mass production.
  • the pixel fill rate can be improved, the gap between sub-pixels 411 can be reduced, and the display panel can be guaranteed to have good contrast at different viewing angles.
  • the light-shielding layer 300 is further provided with a first directional opening 311 communicating with the light-transmitting hole 310.
  • the opening of the first directional opening 311 is disposed facing the light-transmitting hole 310, and the opening distance of the first directional opening 311 is greater than or equal to the length of the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixel 411.
  • the pixel limiting layer 200 can divide the sub-pixel 410 into multiple segmented sub-pixels 411.
  • the light-shielding holes of the light-shielding layer 300 can limit the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixels 411, improving the light emission intensity of the display panel and enhancing its privacy protection performance.
  • the light-shielding layer 300 is further provided with a first directional opening 311 that communicates with the light-transmitting hole 310. The opening of the first directional opening 311 is set towards the light-transmitting hole 310.
  • the first directional opening 311 can change the light restriction effect at the first side 4111 of the corresponding segmented sub-pixel 411, so that some of the light from the segmented sub-pixel 411 can pass through the first directional opening 311 and be emitted, which is beneficial to achieving directional privacy protection of the display panel.
  • the first directional opening 311 is symmetrically arranged along the center line of the segmented sub-pixel 411, wherein the center line of the segmented sub-pixel 411 passes through its center point and is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixel 411.
  • the first directional opening 311 disposed in the light-shielding layer 300 can change the range of light from the segmented sub-pixel 411 and limit the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixel 411, which is beneficial for achieving directional privacy protection of the display panel.
  • the first directional opening 311 is symmetrically arranged along the center line of the segmented sub-pixel 411, and the center line of the segmented sub-pixel 411 passes through its center point and is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side edge 4111 of the segmented sub-pixel 411.
  • the light emission angle of the area corresponding to the center line of the segmented sub-pixel 411 is larger, while the light emission angle of the edge area of the segmented sub-pixel 411 is limited by the light-shielding layer 300 at the edge area of the first directional opening 311, and the light emission angle of the light passing through the first directional opening 311 is relatively smaller.
  • the first side center area of the segmented sub-pixel 411 taking a rectangular segmented sub-pixel 411 as an example, the first side center area of the segmented sub-pixel 411...
  • the light emission angle of the upper corner area is relatively large, while the light emission angle of the top corner area is relatively small, which is beneficial for achieving directional privacy protection of the display panel.
  • the first directional opening 311 is further described in conjunction with the above exemplary embodiments.
  • the first directional opening 311 is at least one of arc, triangle and trapezoid.
  • the first directional opening 311 can be set in the light-shielding layer 300 with different shapes based on the display panel manufacturing process requirements to meet the directional privacy requirements of the segmented sub-pixels 411.
  • Figures 5A to 5C since the size of the segmented sub-pixels 411 is relatively small, by setting the first directional opening 311 to a simple shape such as triangle, arc or trapezoid, it is easy to open on the surface of the light-shielding layer 300 and easy to adjust the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixels 411. This can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the first directional opening 311, which is beneficial to improving the yield of the display panel and facilitating the large-scale mass production of the display panel.
  • the light-shielding layer 300 has a plurality of second directional openings 312 arranged at intervals that communicate with the light-transmitting hole 310.
  • the openings of the plurality of second directional openings 312 are all arranged facing the light-transmitting hole 310.
  • the opening distance of any second directional opening 312 is less than or equal to half the length of the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixel 411.
  • the pixel limiting layer 200 divides the sub-pixel 410 into multiple segmented sub-pixels 411.
  • the light-shielding holes in the light-shielding layer 300 limit the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixels 411, improving the light emission intensity of the display panel and enhancing its privacy protection performance.
  • the light-shielding layer 300 by arranging multiple second directional openings 312 at intervals in the light-shielding layer 300, with the openings 312 arranged along the extending direction of the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixels 411, and ensuring that the opening distance of the second directional openings 312 is less than or equal to half the length of the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixels 411, it is possible to...
  • the light emission angle of the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixel 411 is restricted and constrained. Since the adjacent second directional openings 312 are spaced apart, a blocking part is formed between two adjacent second directional openings 312.
  • the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixel 411 that passes through the second top line opening is relatively large, and the light emission angle of the light blocked by the blocking part is relatively small.
  • the overall light intensity emitted from the first side of the segmented sub-pixel 411 is reduced, which leads to a reduction in the light intensity on both sides of the display panel and a decrease in the display effect, thus achieving the corresponding privacy protection purpose.
  • a plurality of second directional openings 312 are uniformly arranged along the extension direction of the first side 4111 of the segmented sub-pixel 411; as shown in Figures 6A to 6F, since at least two second directional openings 312 are provided, by uniformly distributing the plurality of second directional openings 312 along the extension direction of the first side 4111, a portion of the light in the area where the first side 4111 is located can be confined, thereby reducing the light intensity emitted from the first side 4111 and weakening the display effect in the edge area of the display panel's field of view, so that the display panel has a corresponding privacy protection effect.
  • the first directional opening 311 will be further described in conjunction with the above exemplary embodiments.
  • the shape of the second directional opening 312 is at least one of a rectangle, parallelogram, trapezoid, arc, and triangle.
  • the first directional opening 311 can be provided with a second directional opening 312 of different shapes in the light-shielding layer 300 based on the display panel manufacturing process requirements to meet the directional privacy requirements of the segmented sub-pixels 411.
  • the first directional opening 311 since the size of the segmented sub-pixels 411 is relatively small, by setting the first directional opening 311 to a simple shape such as a rectangle, parallelogram, trapezoid, arc, and triangle, it is easy to make the second directional opening 312 in the light-shielding layer...
  • the 300-degree surface opening facilitates adjustment of the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixels 411, reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the first directional opening 311, which is beneficial to improving the yield of the display panel and facilitating large-scale mass production of the display panel.
  • the second directional opening 312 is a parallelogram
  • the second directional opening 312 is inclined at the edge of the light-transmitting hole 310, which can limit the light emission direction of the left and right opposite sides of the segmented sub-pixel 411, so that the light is emitted from the segmented sub-pixel through the inclined second directional opening 312, thereby achieving a corresponding privacy protection effect on the opposite sides of the display panel.
  • the segmented sub-pixel 411 includes a light-emitting layer 610, which is disposed in the opening region of the pixel defining layer 200, and whose orthogonal projection on the substrate 100 at least partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the light-transmitting hole 310 on the substrate 100.
  • the segmented sub-pixel 411 further includes a light-emitting layer 610, which can include multiple colors and is disposed in the opening area of the pixel limiting layer 200 (not shown in the figure) to serve as the main light source of the display panel, so as to realize the color display of the display panel.
  • the light-emitting layer 610 can be made of organic materials such as fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, thermally activated delayed fluorescent materials and perovskite materials, and is formed by vacuum evaporation, solution treatment, roll printing and precise mask alignment processes. When charge carriers are injected into the light-emitting layer 610, the charge carriers recombine to generate photons, which provide a corresponding light source for the display panel.
  • the display panel further includes a plurality of segmented electrode layers 500, which are disposed between the substrate 100 and the segmented sub-pixels 411 and are disposed opposite to the segmented sub-pixels 411.
  • the orthographic projection of the segmented electrode layers 500 on the substrate 100 covers the orthographic projection of the segmented sub-pixels 411 on the substrate 100.
  • the display panel provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a plurality of segmented electrode layers 500, wherein the plurality of segmented electrode layers 500 are disposed between the substrate 100 and the segmented sub-pixels 411 and are disposed opposite to the segmented sub-pixels 411, so that each segmented electrode layer 500 can independently drive the corresponding segmented sub-pixels 411 to light up, so as to select different numbers and types of segmented sub-pixels 411 for display, thereby improving the display flexibility of the display panel; and the orthographic projection of the segmented electrode layer 500 on the substrate 100 covers the orthographic projection of the segmented sub-pixels 411 on the substrate 100, so that the light-emitting layer 610 can fully contact the segmented electrode layer 500, thereby enabling the light-emitting layer 610 to generate relatively uniform light, thereby improving the display effect of the display panel.
  • the display panel further includes a first insulating layer 620, a first encapsulation layer 630 and a second insulating layer 640 stacked sequentially.
  • the first insulating layer 620 is disposed on the side of the pixel limiting layer 200 away from the substrate 100, and its orthographic projection on the substrate 100 covers the orthographic projection of the pixel unit 400 on the substrate 100.
  • the first insulating layer 620 can be formed using implanted silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or doped aluminum oxide, and can be coated with PE. CVD is applied to the surface of the pixel-limiting layer 200; the first encapsulation layer 630 can be formed using inorganic materials, providing moisture and oxygen protection, as well as charge blocking, effectively protecting the display panel and improving its overall performance and lifespan.
  • the first encapsulation layer 630 can be made of materials such as zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, or a multilayer composite structure, and can be formed using ALD or sputtering processes; the second insulating layer 640 provides further isolation, enhancing the protection of the internal structure, especially the circuitry above the first encapsulation layer 630.
  • the second insulating layer 640 can be made of materials such as polyimide or silicate glass; the process may involve spin coating or spray coating, which will not be elaborated further here.
  • the display panel further includes a stacked color resist layer 660 and a second encapsulation layer 670.
  • the color resist layer 660 is disposed on the side of the light shielding layer 300 away from the substrate 100.
  • the color resist layer 660 includes a plurality of color resist blocks distributed in an array. Any color resist block of the same color is correspondingly disposed with a segmented sub-pixel 411 to filter the light generated by the segmented sub-pixel 411.
  • the color resist can be formed by multiple color resist blocks of different colors, such as green color resist blocks, red color resist blocks, and blue color resist blocks. Since the color resist blocks only allow light wavelengths corresponding to their colors to pass through, they can separate the light, filter out unwanted colors, and improve the color purity of the output light of the sub-pixel 410, thereby improving the color saturation and vividness of the entire display screen.
  • the second encapsulation layer 670 is disposed on the side of the first color resist layer 660 away from the substrate 100, and is used to encapsulate and protect the surface of the color resist layer 660, thereby improving the overall strength of the display panel. This will not be described in detail here.
  • the display panel and display device provided by the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure further divide the sub-pixels in the pixel unit into multiple segmented sub-pixels by using a pixel limiting layer, and restrict and constrain the light emission angle of the segmented sub-pixels by using the through holes arranged in the light-shielding layer array, so that the segmented sub-pixels have good privacy protection performance, improve the light emission intensity and light emission efficiency of the pixel unit, optimize the display effect of the display panel, and thus improve the overall quality of the display panel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

一种显示面板及显示装置，包括：层叠的衬底基板、像素限定层和遮光层，像素限定层设置有多个像素单元；像素单元包括多个不同颜色的子像素，至少一子像素被像素限定层划分为多个分割子像素；遮光层阵列排布有多个透光孔，任一透光孔与一分割子像素相对设置，透光孔与分割子像素在衬底基板的正投影的至少部分重叠，用以限制分割子像素的出光角度。

Description

显示面板及显示装置
本申请要求于2024年4月29日提交的、申请号为202410534714.4、发明名称为“显示面板及显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其内容应理解为通过引用的方式并入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开实施例涉及但不限于显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
近年来，随着OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)技术的持续演进与日益完善，基于OLED的显示装置已在诸多行业和应用场景中得到广泛应用。在某些特定环境下，考虑到隐私保护和视觉干扰问题，配备OLED显示面板的设备应具备控制光源发射角度的需求，以避免敏感信息泄露，减少屏幕光线对附近人员视觉造成不必要干扰。在对显示面板的出光角度进行优化时，单纯对子像素边缘出射角度的限定措施难以改善调控子像素内部其他部分的光线出射方向，当尝试增加对子像素的限定范围时，则导致子像素的整体出光性能不佳，从而削弱显示面板的有效亮度输出和整体显示质量。
发明内容
以下是对本公开详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本公开提供了一种显示面板，包括：层叠的衬底基板、像素限定层和遮光层，所述像素限定层设置有多个像素单元；
所述像素单元包括多个不同颜色的子像素，至少一所述子像素被所述像素限定层划分为多个分割子像素；所述遮光层阵列排布有多个透光孔，任一所述透光孔与一所述分割子像素相对设置，所述透光孔与所述分割子像素在所述衬底基板的正投影的至少部分重叠，用以限制所述分割子像素的出光角度。
本公开还提供了一种显示装置，包括上述实施例所述的显示面板。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1为本公开示例性实施例中显示面板的结构示意图；
图2A为本公开示例性实施例中一种像素单元的结构示意图；
图2B为图2A中不同颜色的子像素的位置关系图；
图3A为本公开示例性实施例中另一种像素单元的结构示意图；
图3B为图3A中不同颜色的子像素的位置关系图；
图4为本公开示例性实施例中不同颜色子像素中的分割子像素的排布示意图；
图5A为本公开示例性实施例中第一形态的第一定向开口与分割子像素的位置关系 图；
图5B为本公开示例性实施例中第二形态的第一定向开口与分割子像素的位置关系图；
图5C为本公开示例性实施例中第三形态的第一定向开口与分割子像素的位置关系图；
图6A为本公开示例性实施例中第一形态的第二定向开口与分割子像素的位置关系图；
图6B为本公开示例性实施例中第二形态的第二定向开口与分割子像素的位置关系图；
图6C为本公开示例性实施例中第三形态的第二定向开口与分割子像素的位置关系图；
图6D为本公开示例性实施例中第四形态的第二定向开口与分割子像素的位置关系图；
图6E为本公开示例性实施例中第五形态的第二定向开口与分割子像素的位置关系图；
图6F为本公开示例性实施例中第六形态的第二定向开口与分割子像素的位置关系图。
详述
下面结合附图和实施例对本公开的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本公开，且仅仅是示例性的，但不用来限制本公开的范围。在不冲突的情况下，本公开中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
除非另外定义，本公开实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开实施例中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
以下结合附图来详细说明本公开的示例性实施例。
目前，在某些特定环境下，基于用户的隐私保护以及视觉干扰问题，配备OLED显示面板的设备应具备控制光源发射角度的需求，以避免敏感信息泄露，减少屏幕光线对附近人员视觉造成不必要干扰。以应用于车辆的车机屏幕以及副驾驶位置的娱乐屏幕为例，当显示面板沿垂直方向的光线投射至车辆前挡风玻璃时，前挡风玻璃能够将光线进一步反射至驾驶人员的视线中，从而对驾驶员的安全驾驶构成潜在干扰；并且，考虑到副驾驶席位乘客的娱乐需求，配备于副驾驶位置的娱乐屏幕沿水平方向的光线则需要维持一定的亮度和可视角度，要想使副驾驶享有良好观看体验，并且兼顾主驾驶不受光线干扰的双重目标，则需要娱乐屏幕以及车机屏幕的出光角度进行细致入微的调控与优化。
在显示面板制备过程中需要预先对器出光角度进行优化，通常情况，可以采用限制子像素的出光角度来限制，即通过在显示面板设置BM(Black Matrix，黑矩阵)对子像素的边缘区域进行限定，用以改善整个显示面板的出光角度；为使显示面板具有良好的显示效 果，需要使子像素具有足够的输出光强，因此采用BM仅能对子像素的边缘区域进行限定，难以改善调控子像素内部其他部分的光线出射方向，当尝试增加BM对子像素的限定范围时，则会降低子像素的整体出光强度，影响子像素的出光性能，难以保证显示面板的有效亮度输出和整体显示质量，降低对显示面板的使用体验与视觉观感。
本公开示例性实施例提供了一种显示面板，包括层叠的衬底基板100、像素限定层200和遮光层300，像素限定层200设置有多个像素单元400；像素单元400包括多个不同颜色的子像素410，至少一子像素410被像素限定层200划分为多个分割子像素411；遮光层300阵列排布有多个透光孔310，任一透光孔310与一分割子像素411相对设置，透光孔310与分割子像素411在衬底基板100的正投影的至少部分重叠，用以限制分割子像素411的出光角度。
如图1至图6F所示，本公开示例性实施例提供了一种兼具良好显示效果和防窥性能的显示面板；该显示面板包括衬底基板100、像素限定层200以及遮光层300；衬底基板100用作显示面板的承载主体，用于对显示面板中的部分元器件及后续制备的膜层结构进行支撑与保护，并可以防止外界的水氧分子进入到显示面板内部而干扰显示面板的正常使用；像素限定层200可以利用图案化制备工艺形成于衬底基板100的表面，用以为后续制备的膜层结构进行支撑；在像素限定层200均匀分布有多个像素单元400，用作显示面板的显示光源，以确保显示面板具有良好的显示效果。
其中，对于像素限定层200设置的多个像素单元400，任一像素单元400包括多个不同颜色的子像素410，用以产生不同颜色的光线，在显示面板的显示过程中，不同颜色的光线相互混合后可以使显示面板产生不同光效，以使显示面板实现彩色显示；且像素单元400中的至少一个子像素410可以通过像素限定层200进行划分多个分割子像素411，即在像素限定层200成两个或两个以上分割子像素411，相较于未划分为分割子像素411的子像素410来说，能够减小子像素410周边区域杂散光的出射面积，提高光线的利用率，并降低相邻子像素410之间干扰，以使子像素410的光线更加均匀；且像素限定层200远离衬底基板100的一侧设置有遮光层300，遮光层300阵列布置有多个透光孔310，对于任意像素单元400来说，任意子像素410中的每个分割子像素411与遮光层300的一透光孔310对应设置，并使该分割子像素411在衬底基板100的正投影与透光孔310在衬底基板100的正投影至少部分重叠，此时，光线可以通过透光孔310光线射出，并利用透光孔310的边缘区域的遮光层300对相应分割子像素411周边区域的光线进行限制，从而约束分割子像素411的出光角度，以缩小显示面板视场角并达到防窥效果。
结合上述示例性实施例对衬底基做进一步说明，衬底基板100可以包括至少一层基底层和缓冲层(图中均未标注)，其中，基底层可以采用诸如玻璃、光学陶瓷、石英、聚酰亚胺以及聚碳酸酯等材料中的一种或多种形成，以使显示面板具有良好的抗冲击能力和抗水氧能力；缓冲层设置于基底层与像素限定层200之间，用于对基底层的表面进行平坦化处理，实现对基底层表面设置器件层以及像素限定层200进行缓冲与保护，其中，缓冲层可以采用诸如氮化硅或硅氧化等材料中的一种或多种形成，在此不再赘述。
另外，衬底基板100与像素限定层200之间还设置有至少一层平坦层(图中未标注)，可以采用PECVD(Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition，等离子增强化学气相沉积)工艺于衬底基板100表面形成，用于对衬底基板100表面的不平整区域进行平坦化处理，提高衬底基板100表面的平整性，以提高后续形成的膜层结构连续性和平坦型，在此不再赘述。
因此，本公开示例性实施例提供的显示面板及显示装置利用像素限定层200将像素单元400中的子像素410进一步划分为多个分割子像素411，并通过遮光层300阵列排布 的透过孔对分割子像素411的出光角度进行限制与约束，以使分割子像素411具有良好的防窥性能，改善像素单元400的出光强度和出光效率，优化显示面板的显示效果，进而提升显示面板的整体品质。
一些示例性实施例中，分割子像素411包括相互连接的第一侧边4111和第二侧边4112，第一侧边4111的长度大于第二侧边4112的长度，透光孔310适配于分割子像素411，用以限制分割子像素411的第一侧边4111周边区域的出光角度。
如图2A至图6F所示，通过利用像素限定层200将像素单元400的子像素410划分为多个分割子像素411，能够改善显示面板的出光光效，并且便于透光孔310对分割子像素411的出光角度的限定效果，提高显示面板的防窥性能；其中，任意一个分割子像素411包括第一侧边4111和第二侧边4112，其中，通过使第一侧边4111的长度大于第二侧边4112的长度，能够使分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的光强大于第二侧边4112的光强；且对遮光层300上设置的透光孔310来说，通过使透光孔310适配于分割子像素411，例如透光孔310的形状与分割子像素411的形状相适配，能够增大透光孔310边缘区域的遮光层300对分割子像素411的第一侧边4111遮挡范围，提高遮光层300对第一侧边4111的光线的约束效果，并且能够保证与透光孔310重叠区域的分割子像素411的光线能够充分射出，从而达到改善显示效果和提高防窥性能的目的。
结合上述示例性实施例对分割子像素411的第一侧边4111和第二侧边4112做进一步说明；对于同一分割子像素411，第一侧边4111与第二侧边4112相互连接，且第一侧边4111的长度大于第二侧边4112的长度，以使分割子像素411形成长条状结构；另外，同一分割子像素411第一侧边4111和第二侧边4112可以设置成呈直线或者曲线；示例性的，如图2A至图6F所示，分割子像素411的第一侧边4111和第二侧边4112均可以呈直线设置，并且可以使第一侧边4111与第二侧边4112相互垂直，从而形成规则的分割子像素411，如矩形，此时采用矩形的分割子像素411能够改善分割子像素411在像素限定层200的分布密度，增强显示面板的出光强度；且相较于目前市面上的子像素410，分割子像素411的尺寸更小，因此制备难度相对较大，通过采用矩形的子像素410，能够降低子像素410的制备难度，减少成本内的投入。
结合上述示例性实施例对分割子像素411的作进一步说明，为提高每个分割子像素411的独立性，相邻分割子像素411之间的距离可以为14μm至200μm的任意数值，例如20μm、50μm、100μm或150μm，具体数值可以根据分割子像素411的具体尺寸及显示面板的制备工艺进行选择，确保每个子像素410均具备良好的光效，降低相邻分割子像素411之间的干扰；此外，分割子像素411的第一侧边4111长度与第二侧边4112长度之间的比值范围可以为1:1至7:1，例如2:1、3:1、4:1或5:1，以使分割子像素411形成较为规则的长条状，提高分割子像素411在像素限定层200的规则性，有利于对分割子像素411布局进行合理规划。
一些示例性实施例中，对于同一像素单元400，两两相邻不同颜色的子像素410中心点之间的距离相同。
通过将像素单元400中至少一个子像素410划分为多个分割子像素411，能够改善整个子像素410的出光强度，提高对遮光层300对整个子像素410出光方向的限制效果，从而提高显示面板的显示质量；如图2A、图2B以及图4所示，同一像素单元400可以通过像素限定层200划分为多个子像素410，以同一像素单元400具有三个不同颜色的子像素410为例，三个不同颜色的子像素410可以呈三角形结构排列，此时两两相邻的不同颜色的子像素410之间的连线构成三角形结构；其中，通过使两两相邻不同颜色子像素410的中心点之间的距离相同，即三者连线形成的三角形为等边三角形，有利于填充子像 素410间的空隙，提高像素的紧凑性，有助于提高像素单元400的空间利用率，减少无效显示区域；此外，并且改善边缘显示效果，以使子像素410均匀地分布在像素限定层200当中，以使像素单元400边缘区域的色彩更加运，减少锯齿状边缘或彩边的生成，从而减轻遮光层300透光孔310对像素单元400整体出光光强的影响。
一些示例性实施例中，任意两个分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向相同，且沿第一侧边4111延伸方向，不同颜色的分割子像素411的第二侧边4112长度相同。
如图2A和图2B所示，在同一像素单元400中，通过将任意两个分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向相同，并使任意两个不同颜色的分割子像素411的第二侧边4112长度相同，有利于利用透光孔310边缘区域的遮光层300对不同分割子像素411的第一侧边4111所在区域的光线进行限制，增加对分割子像素411的限制效果；且沿分割子像素411的第二侧边4112延伸方向，不同颜色的分割子像素411的第二侧边4112长度相同，降低不同分割子像素411产生的光线的差异性，有助于提升像素单元400内的均衡性，减少因子像素410大小差异造成的色彩失真，提升显示面板的分辨率以及色彩均匀性：此外，相同宽度的子像素410可以使每个颜色在显示面板的分布更为均匀，避免出现因子像素410大小不一造成的色彩偏差由于颜色子像素410长度一致，有助于实现色彩平衡，从而提升整体画质。
一些示例性实施例中，对于同一像素单元400，任意两个颜色不同的子像素410的中心点位于同一直线。
通过将像素单元400中至少一个子像素410划分为多个分割子像素411，能够改善整个子像素410的出光强度，提高对遮光层300对整个子像素410出光方向的限制效果，降低相邻子像素410之间的串扰程度，提高显示面板的显示质量；如图3A和图3B所示，同一像素单元400可以通过像素限定层200划分为多个子像素410，以同一像素单元400具有三个不同颜色的子像素410为例，且任意两个颜色不同的子像素410的中心点位于同一直线，即像素单元400中的所有子像素410的中心点均位于同一直线上，能够提高不同颜色的子像素410的对齐精度，确保不同颜色的子像素410能够在像素限定层200均匀分布，减少像素间的缝隙，从而提升显示质量，改善边缘锐度和色彩过渡的平滑度；此外，通过将所有子像素410的中心点设置于同一直线，有利于调整显示面板中子像素410的分布密度，改善显示过程的细腻度和清晰度。
一些示例性实施例中，任意两个分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向相同，且长度相同。
如图3A和图3B所示，在同一像素单元400中，通过将任意两个分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向相同，即所有的分割子像之间平行排布，有助于提高像素单元400色彩均匀的均匀化程度，减轻色彩失真和不连续性；由于多个分割子像素411之间平行排布，可以提高子像素410的利用率，避免因子像素410尺寸不均而导致像素单元400的色彩饱和度过低，有助于在不同视角下保持色彩和亮度的一致性，减低视角变化对显示效果的影响。
一些示例性实施例中，至少两个分割子像素411为绿色分割子像素411，绿色分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向相同；
如图2A至图6F所示，在显示面板中，由于人眼对绿色光谱的敏感度较高，通过在像素单元400中设置至少两个绿色分割子像素411，能够有助于提高像素单元400整体的色彩饱和度，提升其色彩细腻度；且由于像素单元400的尺寸有限，通过把一子像素410分割成至少两个更小的子像素410，并将其与周围的红色和蓝色子像素410交错排列，可 以有效地提高屏幕的分辨率感观，以使显示面板更容易达到高分辨率效果。
一些示例性实施例中，至少两个分割子像素411包括红色分割子像素411和蓝色分割子像素411，红色分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向、蓝色分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向以及绿色分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向相同。
如图2A至图6F所示，对于同一像素单元400来说，该像素单元400内除绿色分割子像素411以外，进一步设置有至少一个红色分割子像素411和蓝色分割子像素411，以使显示面板实现彩色显示；其中，通过使红色分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向、蓝色分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向以及绿色分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向相同，即使三种不同颜色的分割子像素411平行设置，能够提高像素单元400光线的色彩均匀性，确保显示面板的色彩分布更加均匀，降低显示过程中条纹和混叠现象的发生；并且，设置于像素限定层200的一种或多种颜色的分割子像素411的排列相对整齐，可以减少因子像素410排布与显示内容的周期性结构不匹配所导致的摩尔纹干扰，有助于在不同视角下保持色彩的一致性和稳定性。
一些示例性实施例中，对于同一子像素410，任意两个分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的尺寸相同，且第二侧边4112的尺寸相同。
如图4所示，对于显示面板的子像素410来说，任意两个分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的尺寸相同，且第二侧边4112的尺寸相同，即该子像素410的所有分割子像素411可以为相同尺寸。一方面，在制造显示面板时，相同尺寸的分割子像素411有利于对制备工艺进行控制，减少了生产误差的可能性，降低显示面板的制备难度，提高产品良品率，便于大规模批量生产；另一方面，由于多个分割子像素411尺寸相同且紧密排列，能够提高像素填充率，减少分割子像素411之间间隙，确保显示面板在不同视角下具有良好的对比度。
一些示例性实施例中，遮光层300进一步设置有与透光孔310连通的第一定向开口311，第一定向开口311的开口朝向透光孔310设置，第一定向开口311的开口距离大于等于分割子像素411的第一侧边4111长度。
如图5A至图5C所示，利用像素限定层200将可以将子像素410划分为多个分割子像素411，利用遮光层300的遮光孔能够对分割子像素411的出光角度的进行限定，改善显示面板的出光强度，提升其防窥性能；其中，遮光层300进一步设置有与透光孔310连通的第一定向开口311，该第一定向开口311的开口朝向透光孔310设置，利用第一定向开口311能够改变对应分割子像素411第一侧边4111处光线的限制效果，以使分割子像素411的部分光线可以透过第一定向开口311射出，有利于实现显示面板的定向防窥。
一些示例性实施例中，第一定向开口311沿分割子像素411的中心线对称设置，其中，分割子像素411的中心线经过其中心点并与分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向垂直。
如图5A至图5C所示，设置于遮光层300的第一定向开口311能够改变分割子像素411光线的范围，限制分割子像素411的出光角度，有利于实现显示面板的定向防窥；其中，第一定向开口311沿分割子像素411的中心线对称设置，且该分割子像素411的中心线经过其中心点并与分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向垂直，当分割子像素411产生的光线透过第一定向开口311射出时，第一定向开口311与分割子像素411中心线相对应的区域的出光角度较大，而分割子像素411边缘区域的出光角度受第一定向开口311边缘区域遮光层300的限制，透过第一定向开口311的光线的出光角度相对较小；如图5A至图5C所示，以呈矩形的分割子像素411为例，分割子像素411第一侧中心区 域的出光角度较大，而顶角区域的出光角度相对较小，有利于实现显示面板的定向防窥。
结合上述示例性实施例对第一定向开口311做进一步说明，第一定向开口311为弧形、三角形和梯形中的至少一种；在一示例性的实施方式中，第一定向开口311可以基于显示面板制备工艺要求在遮光层300设置不同形状的第一定向开口311，以满足对分割子像素411的定向防窥要求；其中，如图5A至图5C所示，由于分割子像素411的尺寸相对较小，通过将第一定向开口311设置为三角形，弧形或梯形等简单的形状，易于在遮光层300表面开设，且便于调节分割子像素411的出光角度，能够降低第一定向开口311的制备难度，有利于提高显示面板的良品率，便于显示面板的大规模批量生产。
一些示例性实施例中，遮光层300间隔排布有多个与透光孔310连通的第二定向开口312，多个第二定向开口312的开口均朝向透光孔310设置，沿分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向，任意第二定向开口312的开口距离小于等于分割子像素411的第一侧边4111长度的二分之一。
如图6A至图6F所示，利用像素限定层200将可以将子像素410划分为多个分割子像素411，利用遮光层300的遮光孔能够对分割子像素411的出光角度的进行限定，改善显示面板的出光强度，提升其防窥性能；其中，通过在遮光层300间隔排布多个第二定向开口312，多个第二定向开口312沿分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向排列，并使得第二定向开口312的开口距离小于等于分割子像素411的第一侧边4111长度的二分之一，能够对分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的出光角度进行限制与约束；由于相邻第二定向开口312之间间隔分布，以使相邻两个第二定向开口312之间形成阻隔部，分割子像素411的光线透过第二顶线开口射出的出光角度相对较大，受阻隔部遮挡的光线的出射角度相对较小；如图6A至图6F所示，以矩形的分割子像素411为例，此时该分割子像素411第一侧射出的整体光强减弱，从而导致显示面板的相对两侧光强减弱，且显示效果有所下降，达到对应的防窥目的。
一些示例性实施例中，多个第二定向开口312沿分割子像素411的第一侧边4111的延伸方向均匀排列；如图6A至图6F所示，由于第二定向开口312设置有至少两个，通过将多个第二定向开口312沿第一侧边4111的延伸方向均匀分布，能够对第一侧边4111所在区域的部分光线进行限定，从而削弱由第一侧边4111的出光光强，弱化显示面板视场角边缘区域的显示效果，以使显示面板具备相应的防窥效果。
结合上述示例性实施例对第一定向开口311做进一步说明，第二定向开口312的形状为矩形、平行四边形、梯形、弧形及三角形中的至少一种；在一示例性的实施方式中，第一定向开口311可以基于显示面板制备工艺要求在遮光层300设置不同形状的第二定向开口312，以满足对分割子像素411的定向防窥要求；其中，如图6A至图5F所示，由于分割子像素411的尺寸相对较小，通过将第一定向开口311设置为矩形、平行四边形、梯形、弧形及三角形等简单的形状，易于在遮光层300表面开设，且便于调节分割子像素411的出光角度，能够降低第一定向开口311的制备难度，有利于提高显示面板的良品率，便于显示面板的大规模批量生产；此外，如图6B和图6C所示，以矩形的分割子像素411为例，当第二定向开口312为平行四边形时，第二定向开口312在透光孔310的边缘倾斜设置，可以对分割子像素411的左右相对两侧的出光方向进行限定，而使光线由分割子像素通过倾斜的第二定向开口312射出，从而对显示面板的相对两侧起到相应的防窥效果。
一些示例性实施例中，分割子像素411包括发光层610，发光层610设置于像素限定层200的开口区域内，且在衬底基板100的正投影与透光孔310在衬底基板100的正投影至少部分重叠。
如图1所示，分割子像素411进一步包括发光层610，且发光层610可以包括多种颜色，并设置于像素限定层200的开口区域(图中未标出)，用作显示面板的主要光源，以实现显示面板的彩色显示；其中，发光层610可以采用诸如荧光材料、磷光材料、热活化延迟荧光材料及钙钛矿材料等有机材料，并通过真空蒸镀、溶液处理、滚压印刷以及精密的掩模对准工艺形成，当发光层610注入载流子时，载流子重组后产生光子，以为显示面板提供相应光源。
一些示例性实施例中，显示面板进一步包括多个分割电极层500，多个分割电极层500设置于衬底基板100与分割子像素411之间，并与分割子像素411相对设置，分割电极层500在衬底基板100的正投影覆盖分割子像素411在衬底基板100的正投影。
如图1所示，本公开示例性实施例提供的显示面板进一步包括多个分割电极层500，其中，多个分割电极层500设置于衬底基板100与分割子像素411之间，并与分割子像素411相对设置，以使每个分割电极层500能够独立驱动对应分割子像素411点亮，以便选择不同数量和类型的分割子像素411组合显示，提高显示面板显示的灵活性；且分割电极层500在衬底基板100的正投影覆盖分割子像素411在衬底基板100的正投影，能够时发光层610与分割电极层500充分接触，以使发光层610能够产生相对均匀的光线，以提高显示面板的显示效果。
一些示例性实施例中，显示面板进一步包括依次叠加的第一绝缘层620、第一封装层630及第二绝缘层640，第一绝缘层620设置于像素限定层200远离衬底基板100的一侧，在衬底基板100的正投影覆盖像素单元400在衬底基板100的正投影；
如图1所示，本公开示例性实施例提供的显示面板进一步包括依次叠加的第一绝缘层620、第一封装层630以及第二绝缘层640；其中，第一绝缘层620可以对像素单元400进行隔离保护，用作像素限定层200与后续层之间的隔离屏障，防止不同功能层650之间的电荷或离子迁移，确保电学性能稳定，避免发生短路或漏电；并且可以对显示面板的表面进行平滑处理，便后续膜层结构能够均匀沉积，保证显示面板的整体厚度均匀性和光学一致性，第一绝缘层620可以采用注入氮化硅、氧化硅或掺杂氧化铝等材料形成，并可以通过PECVD在像素限定层200的表面形成；第一封装层630可以采用无机材料形成，能够起到防潮防氧、防潮防氧以及电荷阻挡的作用，有效对显示面板进行保护，提高显示面板的整体性能和使用寿命，第一封装层630可以采用诸如氧化锆、氧化铝、氮化硅或多层复合结构，并可以通过ALD或者溅射工艺形成；第二绝缘层640可以起到进一步隔离的作用，增强对内部结构的防护效果，特别是对第一封装层630的上方电路的保护效果，第二绝缘层640可以采用聚酰亚胺、硅酸盐玻璃等；工艺上可能采用旋涂或喷涂等工艺形成，在此不再赘述。
一些示例性实施例中，显示面板进一步包括层叠的色阻层660和第二封装层670，色阻层660设置于遮光层300远离衬底基板100的一侧；色阻层660包括多个阵列分布的色阻块，任一相同颜色的色阻块与一分割子像素411对应设置，用以对分割子像素411产生的光线进行过滤。
如图1所示，色阻可以由多个不同颜色的色阻块形成，例如绿色色阻块、红色色阻块以及蓝色色阻块，由于色阻块仅允许与其颜色对应的光波长通过，从而实现对光线的分离，过滤掉不需要的颜色，提高子像素410输出光的色彩纯度，从而提升整个显示画面的色彩饱和度和鲜艳度；第二封装层670设置于第色阻层660远离衬底基板100的一侧，用于对色阻层660表面进行封装与保护，提高显示面板的整体强度，在此不再赘述。
本公开示例性实施例还提供一种显示装置，该显示装置包括上述任意一项示例性实 施例描述的显示面板；其中，由于该显示装置可以应用上述任意一项示例性实施例中的显示面板，因此该显示装置具备上述任一示例性实施例中所描述的显示面板的全部优点和有益效果；其中，上述中的显示装置除了可以应用于载具中的显示屏当中，还可以应用于手机、平板电脑、电视、自主服务台、影视屏幕以及等具备显示功能的装置中，在此不再赘述。
综上，本公开示例性实施例提供的显示面板及显示装置，利用像素限定层将像素单元中的子像素进一步划分为多个分割子像素，并通过遮光层阵列排布的透过孔对分割子像素的出光角度进行限制与约束，以使分割子像素具有良好的防窥性能，改善像素单元的出光强度和出光效率，优化显示面板的显示效果，进而提升显示面板的整体品质。
上述对本公开的一些实施例进行了描述。其它实施例在所附权利要求书的范围内。在一些情况下，在权利要求书中记载的动作或步骤可以按照不同于上述实施例中的顺序来执行并且仍然可以实现期望的结果。另外，在附图中描绘的过程不一定要求示出的特定顺序或者连续顺序才能实现期望的结果。在某些实施方式中，多任务处理和并行处理也是可以的或者可能是有利的。
本公开中各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其它实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分相互参见即可。
本公开的描述是为了示例和描述起见而给出的，而并不是无遗漏的或者将本公开限于所公开的形式。很多修改和变化对于本领域的普通技术人员而言是显然的。选择和描述实施例是为了更好说明本公开的原理和实际应用，并且使本领域的普通技术人员能够理解本公开从而设计适于特定用途的带有各种修改的各种实施例。
所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：以上任何实施例的讨论仅为示例性的，并非旨在暗示本公开的范围(包括权利要求)被限于这些例子；在本公开的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本公开实施例的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明它们没有在细节中提供。
尽管已经结合了本公开的具体实施例对本公开进行了描述，但是根据前面的描述，这些实施例的很多替换、修改和变型对本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。
本公开实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求的宽泛范围之内的所有这样的替换、修改和变型。因此，凡在本公开实施例的精神和原则之内，所做的任何省略、修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种显示面板，包括：层叠的衬底基板、像素限定层和遮光层，所述像素限定层设置有多个像素单元；
    所述像素单元包括多个不同颜色的子像素，至少一所述子像素被所述像素限定层划分为多个分割子像素；所述遮光层阵列排布有多个透光孔，任一所述透光孔与一所述分割子像素相对设置，所述透光孔与所述分割子像素在所述衬底基板的正投影的至少部分重叠，用以限制所述分割子像素的出光角度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，所述分割子像素包括相互连接的第一侧边和第二侧边，所述第一侧边的长度大于所述第二侧边的长度，所述透光孔适配于所述分割子像素，用于限制所述分割子像素的第一侧边周边区域的出光角度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，对于同一所述像素单元，两两相邻不同颜色的子像素中心点之间的距离相同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示面板，其中，任意两个所述分割子像素的第一侧边的延伸方向相同，且沿所述第一侧边延伸方向，不同颜色的分割子像素的第二侧边长度相同。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，对于同一所述像素单元，任意两个颜色不同的子像素的中心点位于同一直线。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示面板，其中，任意两个所述分割子像素的第一侧边的延伸方向相同，且长度相同。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，对于同一所述像素单元，至少两个分割子像素为绿色分割子像素，所述绿色分割子像素的第一侧边的延伸方向相同。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的显示面板，其中，至少两个所述分割子像素包括红色分割子像素和蓝色分割子像素，所述红色分割子像素的第一侧边的延伸方向、所述蓝色分割子像素的第一侧边的延伸方向以及所述绿色分割子像素的第一侧边的延伸方向相同。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，对于同一所述子像素，任意两个所述分割子像素的第一侧边的长度相同，且任意两个所述分割子像素的第二侧边的长度相同。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，所述遮光层还设置有与所述透光孔连通的第一定向开口，所述第一定向开口的开口朝向所述透光孔设置，所述第一定向开口的开口距离大于等于所述分割子像素的第一侧边长度。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一定向开口沿所述分割子像素的中心线对称设置，其中，所述分割子像素的中心线经过其中心点并与所述分割子像素的第一侧边的延伸方向垂直。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一定向开口为弧形、三角形和梯形中的至少一种。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的显示面板，其中，所述遮光层间隔排布有多个与所述透光孔连通的第二定向开口，多个所述第二定向开口的开口均朝向所述透光孔设置，沿所述分割子像素的第一侧边的延伸方向，任意所述第二定向开口的开口距离小于等于所述分割子像素的第一侧边长度的二分之一。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示面板，其中，多个所述第二定向开口沿所述分割子像素的第一侧边的延伸方向均匀排列。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的显示面板，其中，所述第二定向开口的形状为矩形、平行四边形、梯形、弧形及三角形中的至少一种。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，还包括，
    多个分割电极层，设置于所述衬底基板与所述分割子像素之间，并与所述分割子像素相对设置，所述分割电极层在所述衬底基板的正投影覆盖所述分割子像素在所述衬底基板的正投影。
  17. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求书1至16中任一项所述的显示面板。
PCT/CN2024/120453 2024-04-29 2024-09-23 显示面板及显示装置 Pending WO2025227601A1 (zh)

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