WO2025201161A1 - 电子设备 - Google Patents

电子设备

Info

Publication number
WO2025201161A1
WO2025201161A1 PCT/CN2025/083726 CN2025083726W WO2025201161A1 WO 2025201161 A1 WO2025201161 A1 WO 2025201161A1 CN 2025083726 W CN2025083726 W CN 2025083726W WO 2025201161 A1 WO2025201161 A1 WO 2025201161A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
tuning
branch
satellite
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/083726
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王义金
侯梓鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd filed Critical Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025201161A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025201161A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation

Definitions

  • satellite communication systems are gradually being incorporated into electronic devices such as mobile phones.
  • calls between satellite and cellular communication systems become more complex.
  • electronic devices using dual-satellite systems can only achieve good performance with one satellite system, while the other achieves poor performance.
  • the present application aims to provide an electronic device that at least solves the problem in the related art that the electronic device of a dual-satellite system can only achieve good performance for one satellite system while the performance of the other satellite system is poor.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a metal frame, wherein the metal frame is provided with a first antenna branch, a second antenna branch, and a third antenna branch, wherein a first break is formed between the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch, and a second break is formed between the second antenna branch and the third antenna branch;
  • each cellular antenna and satellite antenna by rationally designing the structures of each cellular antenna and satellite antenna, and designing the operating frequency bands of the first satellite antenna and the second satellite antenna, so that the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna is between the uplink operating frequency band and the downlink operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna, and by ensuring that the difference between the length of the antenna branch connected to the satellite antenna feed network and half of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna is less than a certain value, it is possible to well ensure that both the first satellite antenna and the second satellite antenna achieve good radiation efficiency, thereby achieving good performance of both dual-satellite systems.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a feeding structure in an antenna structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of antenna resonance generated by tuning the second feeding structure through the matching circuit when the second satellite antenna according to an embodiment of the present application is in operation;
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency architecture of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly refer to one or more of the features.
  • plural means two or more.
  • and/or in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected entities, and the character “/” generally indicates an “or” relationship between the connected entities.
  • electronic device 10 includes a metal frame 101, on which a first antenna branch 11, a second antenna branch 12, and a third antenna branch 13 are provided.
  • a first break 201 is defined between first antenna branch 11 and second antenna branch 12, and a second break 202 is defined between second antenna branch 12 and third antenna branch 13.
  • the first feeding network is used to excite the first antenna branch 11 to operate in the operating frequency band of the first cellular antenna
  • the second feeding network is used to excite the second antenna branch 12 to operate in the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna
  • the third feeding network is used to excite the second antenna branch 12 to operate in the operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna
  • the fourth feeding network is used to excite the third antenna branch 12 to operate in the operating frequency band of the second cellular antenna.
  • the difference between the length of the second antenna branch 12 and half of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna is less than a first value, and the first value is less than a quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna; the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna is between the uplink operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna and the downlink operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna.
  • the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application may be provided with wireless circuitry/wireless communication circuitry.
  • the wireless circuitry may be used to support wireless communications in multiple wireless communication frequency bands.
  • the communication frequency bands handled by the wireless circuitry may include satellite navigation system, satellite communication frequency bands, cellular telephone communication frequency bands, wireless local area network communication frequency bands, near-field communication frequency bands, ultra-wideband communication frequency bands, or other wireless communication frequency bands.
  • the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application may be portable electronic devices or other electronic devices.
  • At least two breaks are provided on the metal frame 101, such as a first break 201 and a second break 202.
  • the floor 102 is connected to the metal frame 101 at multiple locations. Slots 203 are provided between the floor 102 and the metal frame 101 in the vicinity of the first break 201 and the second break 202.
  • the first break 201 and the second break 202 cut the metal frame 101 into three sections in the slot 203 area, namely the first antenna branch 11, the second antenna branch 12 and the third antenna branch 13, as shown in FIG3 , where the length of the first antenna branch on the left is L1, the length of the second antenna branch in the middle is L2, and the length of the third antenna branch on the right is L3.
  • a first feeding structure 301 is provided on the first antenna branch 11 on the left.
  • This feeding structure can be connected to a cellular antenna feed network, namely the first feeding network, so that the first antenna branch 11 can operate as a first cellular antenna;
  • a second feeding structure 302 and a third feeding structure 303 are provided on the second antenna branch 12 in the middle.
  • the second feeding structure 302 can be connected to the feed networks of two satellite communication antennas, namely the second feeding network and the third feeding network, so that the second antenna branch 12 can operate as a first satellite antenna or a second satellite antenna, and the third feeding structure 303 can be used as a satellite antenna adjustment point structure for adjusting the circular polarization performance of the satellite antenna;
  • a fourth feeding structure 304 is provided on the third antenna branch 13 on the right.
  • This feeding structure can be connected to another cellular antenna feed network, namely the fourth feeding network.
  • the difference between the length L2 of the second antenna branch 12 and half the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna is less than a certain value, and the difference does not exceed one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna. That is, L2 may be between one-quarter and three-quarters of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna. In some embodiments, the length L2 of the second antenna branch 12 may be close to one-half the wavelength of the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna (that is, half the wavelength of the medium operating in the terminal environment).
  • the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna may be between the uplink operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna and the downlink operating frequency band of the second satellite.
  • the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna may be between the uplink and downlink operating frequency bands of the second satellite antenna. Accordingly, the electrical length of the first satellite antenna is also between the uplink and downlink operating frequency bands of the second satellite antenna.
  • the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna is also the first satellite operating frequency band, and the operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna is also the second satellite operating frequency band. In this way, the electrical length of the second antenna branch 12 can ensure that the first satellite frequency band achieves good radiation efficiency while also achieving good radiation efficiency for both uplink and downlink of the second satellite frequency band.
  • the first feeding structure 301 may be disposed on the first antenna branch 11 at a position close to the first break 201 , the distance from the first break 201 not exceeding one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna.
  • the first feeding structure 301 is provided on the first antenna branch 11 at an edge of the first break 201 .
  • the first feeding structure 301 may be disposed on the edge of the first antenna branch 11 close to the first break 201 .
  • the second feeding structure 302 is provided at a first position of the second antenna branch 12, and a distance from the first position to the first break 201 is less than or equal to a length of the first antenna branch 11;
  • the third feeding structure 303 is provided at a second position on the second antenna branch 12 , and a distance from the second position to a midpoint of the second antenna branch 12 is less than or equal to a quarter of the length of the second antenna branch 12 .
  • the second feeding structure 302 may be disposed at a first position of the second antenna branch 12 , and a distance L4 from the first position to the first break 201 does not exceed a length L1 of the first antenna branch 11 .
  • the third feeding structure 303 may be disposed at a second position on the second antenna branch 12 close to the second break 202 , and a distance L5 from this position to the midpoint of the second antenna branch 12 is no more than a quarter of the length L2 of the second antenna branch 12 .
  • the fourth feeding structure 304 is provided at a third position of the third antenna branch 13, and a distance from the third position to the second break 202 is less than or equal to a quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna.
  • the fourth feed structure 304 can be disposed at a third position of the third antenna branch 13, with a distance L6 from this position to the second break 202 no greater than one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna.
  • the third feed structure 303 and the fourth feed structure 304 are disposed on either side of the speaker 105.
  • the uplink operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna is 1.98 GHz to 2.01 GHz, and the downlink operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna is 2.17 GHz to 2.2 GHz;
  • the uplink operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna is 1615.68 ⁇ 7 MHz, and the downlink operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna is 2491.75 ⁇ 5 MHz.
  • the first satellite antenna can operate in the working frequency band corresponding to the first satellite, and the specific uplink frequency band and downlink frequency band are 1.98GHz ⁇ 2.01GHz and 2.17GHz ⁇ 2.2GHz respectively.
  • the second satellite antenna operates in the working frequency band corresponding to the second satellite, and the specific uplink frequency band and downlink frequency band are 1615.68 ⁇ 7MHz and 2491.75 ⁇ 5MHz respectively.
  • the working frequency band of the first satellite is in the middle of the uplink and downlink working frequency bands of the second satellite.
  • This design can ensure that the electrical length of the second antenna branch 12 can enable the first satellite antenna to obtain better radiation efficiency in its working frequency band, while taking into account that the second satellite antenna obtains better radiation efficiency in both its uplink and downlink frequency bands.
  • the second feeding structure 302 is connected to a plurality of second tuning branches via a second antenna tuning switch SW2, a fixed end of the second antenna tuning switch SW2 is connected to the second feeding structure 302, a plurality of movable ends of the second antenna tuning switch SW2 are connected one-to-one to the plurality of second tuning branches, and at least one of the second tuning branches is connected to the second feeding network 402, and another second tuning branch is connected to the third feeding network 403;
  • the third feeding structure 303 is connected to a plurality of third tuning branches via a third antenna tuning switch SW3, a fixed end of the third antenna tuning switch SW3 is connected to the third feeding structure 303, and a plurality of movable ends of the third antenna tuning switch SW3 are connected to the plurality of third tuning branches in a one-to-one correspondence;
  • the fourth feeding structure 304 is connected to multiple fourth tuning branches through the fourth antenna tuning switch SW4, the fixed end of the fourth antenna tuning switch SW4 is connected to the fourth feeding structure 304, the multiple movable ends of the fourth antenna tuning switch SW4 are connected one-to-one to the multiple fourth tuning branches, and the fourth feeding network 404 is connected to one of the fourth tuning branches.
  • each feeding structure is shown in FIG4 .
  • the first feeding structure 301 , the second feeding structure 302 , the third feeding structure 303 , and the fourth feeding structure 304 may all be provided with an antenna tuning switch, namely SW1 , SW2 , SW3 , and SW4 , respectively.
  • Each switch has multiple adjustment states and can be connected to capacitors, inductors, feed sources, or grounded, disconnected, and other state adjustments.
  • the antenna tuning switch can be used to switch different tuning branches to achieve tuning of the operating frequency band of each antenna, thereby ensuring the performance of each antenna band.
  • one of the third tuning branches connected to the third antenna tuning switch SW3 is connected to a fifth feeding network 405 , and the fifth feeding network 405 is a feeding network corresponding to the third cellular antenna.
  • the two second tuning branches connected to the second antenna tuning switch SW2 are both connected to the second feeding network 402, one of the second tuning branches is used to support the uplink operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna, and the other second tuning branch is used to support the downlink operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna.
  • the second feeding network 402 can be connected to the second feeding structure 302 through the two tuning branches of the second antenna tuning switch SW, and these two branches act on the uplink frequency band and the downlink frequency band of the first satellite antenna respectively, that is, the uplink and downlink operating frequency bands of the first satellite antenna can be switched by switching the two branches.
  • the second antenna tuning switch SW2 and the third antenna tuning switch SW3 are serial switches to ensure isolation between the first satellite antenna feed network and the second satellite antenna feed network, thereby improving the performance of the satellite antenna.
  • each of the antenna tuning switches is a serial switch.
  • the first antenna tuning switch SW1, the second antenna tuning switch SW2, the third antenna tuning switch SW3 and the fourth antenna tuning switch SW4 can all adopt serial switches. In this way, when the feeding network of each cellular antenna and the feeding network of each satellite antenna are connected through the serial switch, the isolation of each feeding network port can be improved when the satellite is working or the cellular is working, and the mutual injection of energy can be avoided, thereby improving the performance of the satellite antenna.
  • the first antenna tuning switch SW1 connects at least one tuning branch of the multiple first tuning branches that is not connected to the first feeding network 401; the second antenna tuning switch SW2 connects the second tuning branch where the second feeding network 402 is located; the third antenna tuning switch SW3 connects at least one tuning branch of the multiple third tuning branches that is not connected to the antenna feeding network, or the third antenna tuning switch SW3 is in an off state; and the fourth antenna tuning switch SW4 connects at least one tuning branch of the multiple fourth tuning branches that is not connected to the fourth feeding network 404.
  • the first antenna tuning switch SW1 connects at least one tuning branch of the plurality of first tuning branches that is not connected to the first feeding network 401;
  • the second antenna tuning switch SW2 connects the second tuning branch where the third feeding network 403 is located;
  • the third antenna tuning switch SW3 is in an off state;
  • the fourth antenna tuning switch SW4 connects at least one tuning branch of the plurality of fourth tuning branches that is not connected to the fourth feeding network 404;
  • the first antenna tuning switch SW1 connects to the first tuning branch where the first feeding network 401 is located; the second antenna tuning switch SW2 connects to the tuning branches of the multiple second tuning branches that are not connected to the second feeding network 402 and the third feeding network 403; and the fourth antenna tuning switch SW4 connects to the fourth tuning branch where the fourth feeding network 404 is located.
  • the electronic device can access a cellular network or a satellite network according to actual scenarios or needs. Normally, the electronic device preferentially accesses the cellular network, that is, operates in the corresponding cellular antenna operating frequency band. In some cases, it can also access the satellite network according to usage needs, that is, establish a communication connection with the satellite and operate in the corresponding satellite antenna operating frequency band.
  • the first satellite when the electronic device establishes a communication connection with the first satellite, the first satellite is a satellite whose operating frequency band is the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna, and the electronic device operates in the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna.
  • the first feeding structure 301 is connected to one or more switches other than the branch where the first feeding network 401 is located through the first antenna tuning switch SW1;
  • the second feeding structure 302 is connected to the two branches where the second feeding network 402 is located through the second antenna tuning switch SW2 to switch the uplink and downlink frequency bands;
  • the third feeding structure 303 is connected to one or more switches other than the branch where the fifth feeding network 405 is located through the third antenna tuning switch SW3, or the third antenna tuning switch All branches of SW3 are in a non-conducting state, and the specific state can be selected according to the circular polarization performance of the satellite antenna.
  • the third feeding structure 303 is set at a distance L5 from the center line on one side of the center line, and L5 does not exceed one-quarter of L2, when the first satellite antenna is operating, the central current on the L2 branch is the largest and gradually decreases towards the left and right breaks, as shown in Figure 5. Therefore, whether the third feeding structure 303 is grounded or floating and disconnected has little effect on the efficiency and radiation performance of the satellite antenna, but can serve as an adjustment point for the circular polarization adjustment of the first satellite antenna.
  • the fourth feeding structure 304 is connected to the ground through the fourth antenna tuning switch SW4.
  • One or more branches other than the branch where the fourth feeding network 404 is located are connected to the ground.
  • the second satellite when the electronic device establishes a communication connection with a second satellite, the second satellite is a satellite whose operating frequency band is the operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna, and the electronic device operates in the operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna.
  • the first feed structure 301 is connected to one or more switches other than the branch where the first feed network 401 is located via SW1 for grounding; the second feed structure 302 is connected to the branch where the third feed network 403 is located via SW2, which is connected to the second satellite chip (the chip is not shown in the figure on the main board); SW3 connected to the third feed structure 303 may be in a disconnected state at this time.
  • a matching network can be added to the branch where the third feed network 403 is located to tune the uplink and downlink resonances.
  • the specific resonance diagram is shown in FIG6 ; simultaneously, when the second satellite antenna is operating, the fourth feed structure 304 is connected to one or more switches other than the branch where the fourth feed network 404 is located for grounding via SW4.
  • the electronic device when the electronic device is connected to a cellular network, the electronic device operates in any cellular antenna operating frequency band.
  • the first feeding structure 301 is connected to the branch where the first feeding network 401 is located via SW1.
  • the other tuning branches on SW1 except the branch where the first feeding network 401 is located can be used as the matching network of the first cellular antenna to optimize performance or switch states, that is, to be used as the impedance adjustment of the first cellular antenna;
  • the second feeding structure 302 is connected to one of the branches except the branches where the second feeding network 402 and the third feeding network 403 are located via SW2.
  • the second cellular antenna is connected to the fourth feeding network 404 via one of the SW4 paths through the fourth feeding structure 304.
  • the third cellular antenna is connected to the fifth feeding network 405 via one of the SW3 paths through the third feeding structure 303.
  • other matching network paths connected to SW3 can be used for tuning the second cellular antenna to achieve better antenna performance for the second cellular antenna
  • other matching network paths connected to SW4 can be used for tuning the third cellular antenna to achieve better antenna performance for the third cellular antenna.
  • the appropriate feed network and matching circuit can be connected through each antenna tuning switch, thereby achieving compatibility between the dual satellite antennas and the cellular communication antenna, and enabling each antenna to obtain better performance.
  • the electronic device further includes a switching switch 50; the fixed end of the switching switch 50 is connected to the control end of the second antenna tuning switch SW2, and the movable end of the switching switch 50 is respectively connected to the first satellite module 60 in the electronic device and the radio frequency module 70 where the cellular network is located.
  • the second antenna tuning switch SW2 can be switched to be connected to the first satellite module 60 or to the radio frequency module 70 through the switching switch 50.
  • the above-mentioned antenna tuning switch is in different states when the cellular and satellite are working, and it is difficult to accurately control the states of each switch.
  • this embodiment proposes a radio frequency architecture solution as shown in Figure 7 to solve the control problem of the antenna tuning switch.
  • the second antenna tuning switch SW2 can be connected to the first satellite module 60 and the RF module 70 of the electronic device through the conversion switch 50 , so that the second antenna tuning switch SW2 can be switched between being controlled by the first satellite module 60 and being controlled by the RF module 70 through the conversion switch 50 .
  • the SDR_RFFE_CLK and SDR_RFFE_DATA signals in the RF module 70 and the SA_RFFE_CLK and SA_RFFE_DATA signals in the first satellite module 60 are connected to the double-pole four-throw switch 50, they are converted into com_RFFE_CLK and com_RFFE_DATA signals to perform read and write operations on SW2, switching different states.
  • the states sending Tx and receiving Rx
  • SW1, SW3, and SW4 may not be on the same RF front-end (RFFE) network, which is not shown in Figure 7.
  • RFFE RF front-end
  • SW1, SW3, and SW4 are in the same fixed state when the first satellite antenna or the second satellite antenna is working, that is, the register values in the switches are the same.
  • the RF module of the cellular network can write a value to the registers of these switches through RFFE_CLK and RFEE_DATA to make these switches work in a fixed state, and the state does not change with the uplink and downlink switching of the first satellite antenna, or the switching between the first and second satellite antennas. For example, when the first and second satellite antennas are working, SW1 is short-circuited to ground as a fixed state.
  • the voltage of the second antenna tuning switch SW2 is provided by the power module 80 and is at a normally high level, which can ensure that the second antenna tuning switch SW2 can operate or remain in a certain state in any state, and ensure that both the cellular or satellite module can control it; and the MIPI signal conversion switch 50 is provided with a normally high level by the power module to ensure that it can operate or remain in a certain state in any state.
  • the com_RFFE_CLK and com_RFFE_DATA signals are implemented in the first satellite module 60 and the RF module 70 of the cellular network for MIPI signal switching, thereby realizing the control of the second antenna tuning switch SW2 by the cellular module or the control of the second antenna tuning switch SW2 by the first satellite module 60.
  • the embodiment of the present application can realize the communication call between the dual satellite system and the cellular system, and realize the compatibility of the dual satellite antenna and the cellular communication antenna, so that both the dual satellite antenna and the cellular antenna can obtain better performance.
  • the MIPI signal of the third antenna tuning switch SW3 can be simultaneously connected to the com_RFFE_CLK and com_RFFE_DATA signals, so that SW3 and SW2 can be controlled by the cellular or the first satellite module 60, thereby achieving more precise adjustment of the first satellite antenna during uplink and downlink operation to obtain better performance.
  • This embodiment can further enhance the adjustment optimization of the first satellite antenna and improve the performance of the first satellite antenna.
  • the second antenna branch 12 in the embodiment of the present application is connected to the ground through a switch path in conjunction with capacitors and inductors, and the branch itself is not directly connected to the ground of the floor 102, which facilitates the expansion of the SAR sensor. Only a series capacitor can be added to the circuit connected from the second feeding structure 302 and the third feeding structure 303 to the antenna tuning switch to access the SAR sensor network, thereby realizing the SAR sensor function (capable of detecting the amount of exposure to electromagnetic radiation), enabling SAR detection during satellite communication and SAR detection during cellular communication, and intelligently realizing power adjustment during communication in various scenarios to improve user experience.
  • an electronic device includes a metal frame, the metal frame is provided with a first antenna branch, a second antenna branch and a third antenna branch, a first break is provided between the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch, and a second break is provided between the second antenna branch and the third antenna branch; a first feeding structure is provided on the first antenna branch, a second feeding structure and a third feeding structure are provided on the second antenna branch, and a fourth feeding structure is provided on the third antenna branch.
  • the first feeding structure is connected to a first feeding network
  • the second feeding structure is respectively connected to a second feeding network and a third feeding network
  • the fourth feeding structure is connected to a fourth feeding network.
  • the first feeding structure is used to excite the first feeding structure.
  • An antenna branch operates in the operating frequency band of the first cellular antenna
  • the second feed network is used to excite the second antenna branch to operate in the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna
  • the third feed network is used to excite the second antenna branch to operate in the operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna
  • the fourth feed network is used to excite the third antenna branch to operate in the operating frequency band of the second cellular antenna.
  • the difference between the length of the second antenna branch and half the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna is less than a first value, and the first value is less than one-quarter the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first satellite antenna.
  • the operating frequency band of the first satellite antenna is between the uplink operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna and the downlink operating frequency band of the second satellite antenna.
  • both the first and second satellite antennas can achieve good radiation efficiency, thereby achieving good performance for both the dual-satellite system.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种电子设备，包括：金属框体，金属框体设置有第一天线枝节、第二天线枝节和第三天线枝节，第一天线枝节与第二天线枝节之间具有第一断口，第二天线枝节与第三天线枝节之间具有第二断口；第一天线枝节上设置有第一馈电结构，第二天线枝节上设置有第二馈电结构和第三馈电结构，第三天线枝节上设置有第四馈电结构，第一馈电结构接入有第一蜂窝网络对应的馈电网络，第二馈电结构分别接入有第一卫星天线和第二卫星天线对应的馈电网络，第四馈电结构接入有第二蜂窝天线对应的馈电网络；第二天线枝节的长度与第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的二分之一的差小于第一值，第一值小于第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一。

Description

电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2024年3月26日在中国提交的中国专利申请No.202410348083.7的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本申请属于通信技术领域，具体涉及一种电子设备。
背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，目前手机等电子设备中逐渐引入了卫星通信系统，且随着通信天线的数量增加，卫星通信系统与蜂窝通信系统间的调用变得更为复杂。相关技术中，双卫星系统的电子设备仅能实现一种卫星系统获得较好的性能，另一卫星系统获得的性能则较差。
发明内容
本申请旨在提供一种电子设备，至少解决相关技术中双卫星系统的电子设备仅能实现一种卫星系统获得较好的性能，另一卫星系统获得的性能则较差的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提出了一种电子设备，包括金属框体，所述金属框体设置有第一天线枝节、第二天线枝节和第三天线枝节，所述第一天线枝节与所述第二天线枝节之间具有第一断口，所述第二天线枝节与所述第三天线枝节之间具有第二断口；
所述第一天线枝节上设置有第一馈电结构，所述第二天线枝节上设置有第二馈电结构和第三馈电结构，所述第三天线枝节上设置有第四馈电结构，所述第一馈电结构接入有第一馈电网络，所述第二馈电结构分别接入有第二馈电网络和第三馈电网络，所述第四馈电结构接入有第四馈电网络，所述第一馈电结构用于激励所述第一天线枝节工作在第一蜂窝天线的工作频段，所述第二馈电网络用于激励所述第二天线枝节工作在第一卫星天线的工作频段，所述第三馈电网络用于激励所述第二天线枝节工作在第二卫星天线的工作频段，所述第四馈电网络用于激励所述第三天线枝节工作在第二蜂窝天线的工作频段；
所述第二天线枝节的长度与所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的二分之一的差小于第一值，所述第一值小于所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一；所述第一卫星天线的工作频段介于所述第二卫星天线的上行工作频段与所述第二卫星天线的下行工作频段之间。
在本申请的实施例中，通过合理设计各蜂窝天线和卫星天线结构，并设计第一卫星天线与第二卫星天线的工作频段，使第一卫星天线的工作频段介于第二卫星天线的上行工作频段与下行工作频段之间，以及使接入卫星天线馈电网络的天线枝节长度与所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的二分之一的差小于一定值，能够很好地保证第一卫星天线和第二卫星天线均获得较好的辐射效率，进而实现双卫星系统均获得较好的性能。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本申请实施例的电子设备的整体结构示意图；
图2是根据本申请实施例的电子设备的局部结构示意图；
图3是根据本申请实施例的电子设备中的天线结构示意图；
图4是根据本申请实施例的电子设备的天线结构中的馈电结构的示意图；
图5是根据本申请实施例的第一卫星天线工作时第二天线枝节上的电流示意图；
图6是根据本申请实施例的第二卫星天线工作时第二馈电结构通过匹配电路调谐产生的天线谐振示意图；
图7是根据本申请实施例的电子设备的射频架构示意图；
图8是根据本申请实施例的第一卫星天线和第二卫星天线的上行、下行工作频点的方向性图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“长度”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
根据相关技术可知，传统外置卫星天线不适用于如今的全面屏金属外壳智能终端，如何实现内置的较高的卫星天线性能满足智能终端卫星通信具有较大的挑战。下面结合图1-图8描述根据本申请实施例的电子设备。
如图1至图3所示，根据本申请一些实施例的电子设备10，包括金属框体101，金属框体101设置有第一天线枝节11、第二天线枝节12和第三天线枝节13，第一天线枝节11与第二天线枝节12之间具有第一断口201，第二天线枝节12与第三天线枝节13之间具有第二断口202；
如图3所示，第一天线枝节11上设置有第一馈电结构301，第二天线枝节12上设置有第二馈电结构302和第三馈电结构303，第三天线枝节13上设置有第四馈电结构304，第一馈电结构301接入有第一馈电网络，所述第二馈电结构302分别接入有第二馈电网络和第三馈电网络，第四馈电结构304接入有第四馈电网络，所述第一馈电网络用于激励所述第一天线枝节11工作在第一蜂窝天线的工作频段，所述第二馈电网络用于激励所述第二天线枝节12工作在第一卫星天线的工作频段，所述第三馈电网络用于激励所述第二天线枝节12工作在第二卫星天线的工作频段，所述第四馈电网络用于激励所述第三天线枝节12工作在第二蜂窝天线的工作频段；
第二天线枝节12的长度与所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的二分之一的差小于第一值，所述第一值小于所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一；所述第一卫星天线的工作频段介于所述第二卫星天线的上行工作频段与所述第二卫星天线的下行工作频段之间。
本申请实施例中的电子设备可设置有无线电路/无线通信电路。无线电路可用于支撑多个无线通信频带中的无线通信。由无线电路处理的通信频带可包括卫星导航系统、卫星通信频带、蜂窝电话通信频带、无线局域网通信频带、近场通信频带、超宽带通信频带或其他无线通信频带等。本申请实施例中的电子设备可为便携式电子设备或其他形式的电子设备。
如图1所示，所述电子设备至少包含金属框体101、地板102、主板104、扬声器105、卫星通信模块、蜂窝通信模块、显示模块如显示屏103等。
金属框体101上设置有至少两个断口，如包括第一断口201和第二断口202，地板102与金属框体101多处连通，地板102与金属框体101在第一断口201和第二断口202附近区域设置有槽缝203，第一断口201和第二断口202将金属框体101在槽缝203区域切割成三段，分别为第一天线枝节11、第二天线枝节12和第三天线枝节13，如图3所示，其中左侧的第一天线枝节长度为L1，中间第二天线枝节长度为L2，右侧第三天线枝节长度为L3。
左侧的第一天线枝节11上设置第一馈电结构301，该馈电结构可接入一蜂窝天线馈源网络也即第一馈电网络，使第一天线枝节11作为第一蜂窝天线工作；中间的第二天线枝节12上设置第二馈电结构302和第三馈电结构303，第二馈电结构302可接入两个卫星通信天线的馈源网络也即第二馈电网络和第三馈电网络，使第二天线枝节12可作为第一卫星天线或第二卫星天线工作，第三馈电结构303则可作为卫星天线调节点结构，用于调节卫星天线的圆极化性能；右侧的第三天线枝节13上设置第四馈电结构304，该馈电结构可接入另一蜂窝天线馈源网络也即第四馈电网络。
其中，第二天线枝节12的长度L2与所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的二分之一的差值小于一定值，该差值不超过所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一，也即L2可介于第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一至四分之三之间，在一些实施例中，第二天线枝节12的长度L2可接近为第一卫星天线工作频率的1/2波长(即工作在终端环境中的介质波长的一半)，第一卫星天线的工作频段可介于第二卫星天线的上行工作频段与第二卫星下行工作频段之间，更具体地，第一卫星天线的工作频段可在第二卫星天线的上下行工作频段的中间，相应地，第一卫星天线的电长度也在第二卫星天线的上行和下行之间，其中，第一卫星天线的工作频段也即第一卫星工作频段，第二卫星天线的工作频段也即第二卫星工作频段。这样，可以保证第二天线枝节12的电长度可以让第一卫星频段获得较好的辐射效率，同时兼顾第二卫星频段的上行和下行获得较好的辐射效率。
在一些实施例中，第一馈电结构301可以设置在第一天线枝节11上靠近第一断口201的位置，该位置距离第一断口201的距离不超过第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一。
可选地，第一馈电结构301设置在第一天线枝节11上于第一断口201的边缘位置处。
在一些实施例中，为了获得更好的天线性能，第一馈电结构301可以设置在第一天线枝节11上靠近第一断口201的边缘位置。
可选地，第二馈电结构302设置在第二天线枝节12的第一位置，所述第一位置到第一断口201的距离小于或等于第一天线枝节11的长度；
和/或，第三馈电结构303设置在第二天线枝节12上的第二位置，所述第二位置到第二天线枝节12的中点的距离小于或等于第二天线枝节12的长度的四分之一。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，第二馈电结构302可设置在第二天线枝节12的第一位置，且该位置到第一断口201的距离L4不超过第一天线枝节11的长度L1。
第三馈电结构303可设置在第二天线枝节12上靠近第二断口202一侧的第二位置，且该位置到第二天线枝节12的中点的距离L5不超过第二天线枝节12的长度L2的四分之一。
这样，可以保证电子设备的双卫星天线的方向性较强，均能获得较强的辐射效率。
可选地，第四馈电结构304设置在第三天线枝节13的第三位置，所述第三位置到第二断口202的距离小于或等于所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，第四馈电结构304可设置在第三天线枝节13的第三位置，且该位置到第二断口202的距离L6不超过第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一。其中第三馈电结构303和第四馈电结构304设置在扬声器105的两侧。
这样，可以进一步保证电子设备的双卫星天线获得较强的辐射效率。
可选地，所述第一卫星天线的上行工作频段为1.98GHz～2.01GHz，所述第一卫星天线的下行工作频段为2.17GHz～2.2GHz；
所述第二卫星天线的上行工作频段为1615.68±7MHz，所述第二卫星天线的下行工作频段为2491.75±5MHz。
在一些实施例中，所述第一卫星天线可工作在第一卫星对应的工作频段，具体上行频段和下行频段分别为1.98GHz～2.01GHz、2.17GHz～2.2GHz，所述第二卫星天线工作在第二卫星对应的工作频段，具体上行频段和下行频段分别为1615.68±7MHz、2491.75±5MHz，这样，第一卫星的工作频段在第二卫星上下行工作频段的中间，这种设计可以保证第二天线枝节12的电长度能够让第一卫星天线在其工作频段获得较好的辐射效率，同时兼顾第二卫星天线在其上行和下行频段均获得较好的辐射效率。
可选地，如图4所示，第一馈电结构301通过第一天线调谐开关SW1连接多个第一调谐支路，第一天线调谐开关SW1的不动端连接第一馈电结构301，第一天线调谐开关SW1的多个动端与所述多个第一调谐支路一一对应连接，且其中一个第一调谐支路上接入有第一馈电网络401；
和/或，第二馈电结构302通过第二天线调谐开关SW2连接多个第二调谐支路，第二天线调谐开关SW2的不动端连接第二馈电结构302，第二天线调谐开关SW2的多个动端与所述多个第二调谐支路一一对应连接，且其中至少一个第二调谐支路上接入有第二馈电网络402，另一第二调谐支路上接入有第三馈电网络403；
和/或，第三馈电结构303通过第三天线调谐开关SW3连接多个第三调谐支路，第三天线调谐开关SW3的不动端连接第三馈电结构303，第三天线调谐开关SW3的多个动端与所述多个第三调谐支路一一对应连接；
和/或，第四馈电结构304通过第四天线调谐开关SW4连接多个第四调谐支路，第四天线调谐开关SW4的不动端连接第四馈电结构304，第四天线调谐开关SW4的多个动端与所述多个第四调谐支路一一对应连接，且其中一个第四调谐支路上接入有第四馈电网络404。
一些实施例中，各馈电结构的简易框架图如图4所示，第一馈电结构301、第二馈电结构302、第三馈电结构303、第四馈电结构304结构上可均设置有一天线调谐开关，分别为SW1、SW2、SW3、SW4，各开关均具备多路调节状态，可接入电容、电感、馈源或下地、断开等状态调节。
其中第一蜂窝天线馈电网络也即第一馈电网络401由开关SW1其中的一路接入第一馈电结构301；第一卫星天线的馈电网络也即第二馈电网络402由开关SW2其中的至少一路接入第二馈电结构302；第二卫星天线馈电网络也即第三馈电网络403由开关SW2其中的一路接入第二馈电结构302；第二蜂窝天线馈电网络也即第四馈电网络404由开关SW4接入第四馈电结构304。
这样，通过在各馈电结构上布设相应天线的馈源网络，能够实现各蜂窝和卫星天线工作频段，并且能够通过天线调谐开关切换不同调谐支路来实现对各天线工作频段的调谐，保证各天线频段的性能。
可选地，如图4所示，第三天线调谐开关SW3所连接的其中一个第三调谐支路上接入有第五馈电网络405，第五馈电网络405为第三蜂窝天线对应的馈电网络。
在一些实施例中，还可在第三馈电结构303通过第二天线调谐开关SW2接入第三蜂窝天线的馈电网络也即第五馈电网络405，使第二天线枝节12还可作为第三蜂窝天线工作在第三蜂窝天线工作频段，也即丰富了电子设备的天线工作频段。
可选地，如图4所示，所述第二天线调谐开关SW2所连接的两个第二调谐支路上均接入第二馈电网络402，其中一个第二调谐支路用于支持所述第一卫星天线的上行工作频段，另一第二调谐支路用于支持所述第一卫星天线的下行工作频段。
即在一些实施例中，在第一卫星天线的上下行工作频段较为接近的情况下，为调谐第一卫星天线的上下行工作频段，第二馈电网络402可以通过第二天线调谐开关SW的两个调谐支路来接入第二馈电结构302，这两路分别作用在第一卫星天线的上行频段和下行频段，即可以通过切换两个支路来实现第一卫星天线上下行工作频段的切换。
在一些实施例中，第二天线调谐开关SW2和第三天线调谐开关SW3为串位开关，以保证第一卫星天线馈电网络和第二卫星天线馈电网络的隔离度，提升卫星天线的性能。
可选地，所述各天线调谐开关均为串位开关。
即在一些实施例中，第一天线调谐开关SW1、第二天线调谐开关SW2、第三天线调谐开关SW3和第四天线调谐开关SW4均可采用串位开关，这样各蜂窝天线的馈电网络和各卫星天线的馈电网络通过串位开关接入时，可提升卫星工作时或蜂窝工作时，各馈电网络端口的隔离度，避免能量的相互灌入，以提升卫星天线的性能。
需说明的是，本申请实施例中，第一卫星天线和第二卫星天线，与各蜂窝天线之间可时分工作。
可选地，在所述电子设备与第一卫星建立通信连接的情况下，第一天线调谐开关SW1接通所述多个第一调谐支路中未接入第一馈电网络401的至少一个调谐支路；第二天线调谐开关SW2接通第二馈电网络402所在的第二调谐支路；第三天线调谐开关SW3接通所述多个第三调谐支路中未接入天线馈电网络的至少一个调谐支路，或者所述第三天线调谐开关SW3处于断开状态；第四天线调谐开关SW4接通所述多个第四调谐支路中未接入第四馈电网络404的至少一个调谐支路；
和/或，在所述电子设备与第二卫星建立通信连接的情况下，第一天线调谐开关SW1接通所述多个第一调谐支路中未接入第一馈电网络401的至少一个调谐支路；第二天线调谐开关SW2接通第三馈电网络403所在的第二调谐支路；第三天线调谐开关SW3处于断开状态；第四天线调谐开关SW4接通所述多个第四调谐支路中未接入所述第四馈电网络404的至少一个调谐支路；
和/或，在所述电子设备连接蜂窝网络的情况下，第一天线调谐开关SW1接通第一馈电网络401所在的第一调谐支路；第二天线调谐开关SW2接通所述多个第二调谐支路中未接入第二馈电网络402且未接入第三馈电网络403的调谐支路；第四天线调谐开关SW4接通第四馈电网络404所在的第四调谐支路。
本申请实施例中，所述电子设备可根据实际场景或需求接入蜂窝网络或卫星网络，通常情况下，所述电子设备优先接入蜂窝网络，即工作在相应蜂窝天线工作频段，在一些情况下，也可根据使用需求接入卫星网络，即与卫星建立通信连接，工作在相应卫星天线工作频段。
一些实施例中，在所述电子设备与第一卫星建立通信连接的情况下，第一卫星即为工作频段为所述第一卫星天线工作频段的卫星，所述电子设备工作在第一卫星天线工作频段，在此种情况下，第一馈电结构301经由第一天线调谐开关SW1接通除第一馈电网络401所在支路外的其中一路或多路开关下地；第二馈电结构302经由第二天线调谐开关SW2连接第二馈电网络402所在的两路进行上行和下行频段的切换；第三馈电结构303经由第三天线调谐开关SW3接通除第五馈电网络405所在支路外的其中一路或多路下地，或者第三天线调谐开关SW3的所有支路全部为不导通状态，具体状态可根据卫星天线的圆极化性能优劣做选择；由于第三馈电结构303设置在离中心线的一侧与中心线的间距L5，L5不超过L2的四分之一，第一卫星天线工作时，L2枝节上中心电流最大慢慢向左右两断口减弱，如图5所示，因此第三馈电结构303下地或者浮空断开对卫星天线的效率及辐射性能影响都不大，但是可以作为第一卫星天线圆极化调整的一个调节点；同时，第一卫星天线工作时，第四馈电结构304经由第四天线调谐开关SW4接通除第四馈电网络404所在支路外的其中一路或多路下地。
另一些实施例中，在所述电子设备与第二卫星建立通信连接的情况下，第二卫星即为工作频段为所述第二卫星天线工作频段的卫星，所述电子设备工作在第二卫星天线工作频段，在此种情况下，第一馈电结构301经由SW1接通除第一馈电网络401所在支路外的其中一路或多路开关下地；第二馈电结构302经由SW2连接第三馈电网络403所在支路，该路接入第二卫星芯片(芯片在主板上附图中未示意)；第三馈电结构303连接的SW3此时可处于断开状态；由于第二卫星天线工作频段的上行和下行工作频点相差较大且带宽相对较窄，因此可以通过在第三馈电网络403所在支路加入匹配网络来调谐出上行和下行的谐振，具体谐振示意图如图6所示；同时，第二卫星天线工作时，第四馈电结构304经由SW4接通除第四馈电网络404所在支路外的其中一路或多路下地。
还一些实施例中，在所述电子设备连接蜂窝网络的情况下，所述电子设备工作在任一种蜂窝天线工作频段，此种情况下，第一馈电结构301经由SW1连接第一馈电网络401所在支路，SW1上除接入第一馈电网络401所在支路外的其他几路调谐支路可以作为第一蜂窝天线的匹配网络进行性能优化或状态切换，也即作为第一蜂窝天线的阻抗调节使用；第二馈电结构302经由SW2接通除第二馈电网络402和第三馈电网络403所在支路外的其中一路下地；第二蜂窝天线由第四馈电结构304经由SW4其中的一路接入第四馈电网络404；此外，在第三馈电结构303上接入有第五馈电网络405的情况下，第三蜂窝天线由第三馈电结构303经由SW3其中的一路接入第五馈电网络405；同时，SW3上接入的其他匹配网络通路可用于第二蜂窝天线调谐，以使得第二蜂窝天线获得较好的天线性能，SW4上接入的其他匹配网络通路可用于第三蜂窝天线调谐，以使得第三蜂窝天线获得较好的天线性能。
这样，通过以上实施例，能够实现各卫星天线或蜂窝天线工作时，通过各天线调谐开关接通合适的馈源网络和匹配电路，实现双卫星天线与蜂窝通信天线的兼容，并使各天线均获得较好的性能。
可选地，如图7所述，所述电子设备还包括转换开关50；转换开关50的不动端与第二天线调谐开关SW2的控制端连接，转换开关50的动端分别与所述电子设备中的第一卫星模块60和蜂窝网络所在的射频模块70连接，第二天线调谐开关SW2可通过转换开关50切换至与第一卫星模块60连通或与射频模块70连通。
在一些实施例中，考虑到由于卫星通信系统和蜂窝通信系统间属于独立的通信子系统，上述天线调谐开关在蜂窝和卫星工作时都处在不同的状态，难以实现各开关状态能够得到准确的控制，为了解决这个问题，本实施例提出如图7所示的射频架构方案来解决天线调谐开关的控制问题。
如图7所示，可以将第二天线调谐开关SW2通过转换开关50接入电子设备的第一卫星模块60和射频模块70，使得第二天线调谐开关SW2可通过转换开关50实现在受第一卫星模块60控制与受射频模块70控制两种状态间切换。
即第一卫星天线工作时的开关SW2采用移动产业处理器接口(Mobile Industry Processor Interface，MIPI)信号控制的开关，可以选择射频模块70中的SDR_RFFE_CLK和SDR_RFFE_DATA信号对SW2进行独立读写操作，也可以选择第一卫星模块60中的SA_RFFE_CLK和SA_RFFE_DATA对SW2进行独立读写操作；但是该开关SW2需要在卫星工作时被卫星控制，蜂窝工作时被蜂窝控制；为了实现该开关SW2可以分时的被卫星和蜂窝控制到；本实施例提出如图7中所示的架构，射频模块70中的SDR_RFFE_CLK和SDR_RFFE_DATA信号，第一卫星模块60中的SA_RFFE_CLK和SA_RFFE_DATA信号接入双刀四掷转换开关50后，转换为com_RFFE_CLK和com_RFFE_DATA信号对SW2进行读写操作，切换不同的状态(发送Tx和接收Rx)，可以在第一卫星模块60和蜂窝网络的射频模块70中进行切换，可实现蜂窝对第二天线调谐开关SW2的控制或第一卫星模块60对第二天线调谐开关SW2的控制；而第二卫星模块的Tx和Rx工作时，这里SW1、SW3、SW4可以不在同一个射频前端(Radio Frequency Front-End，RFFE)网络上，图7中未示意，SW1、SW3、SW4在第一卫星天线或第二卫星天线工作时都是同一个固定状态，即其开关中的寄存器值是同一个值，可以由蜂窝网络的射频模块通过RFFE_CLK和RFEE_DATA给这些个开关的寄存器写一个值进去，让这些开关工作在一个固定状态，可不随第一卫星天线上行、下行切换，或第一卫星天线与第二卫星天线的切换而去改变状态，例如第一卫星天线、第二卫星天线工作时，SW1短路到地作为一个固定状态；在射频模块上可以是多个RFFE网络来控制这几个开关。上述设置满足卫星天线工作的状态下，其他蜂窝天线独立调节且匹配网络不做调整，以及满足卫星通信时，对蜂窝天线的状态设置需求。
这里第二天线调谐开关SW2的电压由电源模块80提供，处于常高电平，可确保第二天线调谐开关SW2在任何状态下都能工作或保持在某一状态，确保蜂窝或卫星模块都能对其进行控制；而MIPI信号转换开关50由电源模块提供常高电平保证在任何状态下都能工作或保持在某一状态，通过对转换开关50的SEL引脚给予高或低电平来实现com_RFFE_CLK和com_RFFE_DATA信号在第一卫星模块60和蜂窝网络的射频模块70中进行MIPI信号切换，进而实现蜂窝对第二天线调谐开关SW2的控制或第一卫星模块60对第二天线调谐开关SW2的控制。
从图8所示的第一卫星天线上行、下行工作频点的方向性图和第二卫星天线上行、下行工作频点的方向性图中不难看出，第一卫星天线上行和下行的方向性图在上半球部分，具有一致的较强的辐射方向，可保证用户获得较好的通信体验；第二卫星天线上行和下行的方向性图在上半球部分，具有一致的较强的辐射方向，可保证用户获得较好的通信体验。
本申请实施例能够实现双卫星系统与蜂窝系统的通信调用，并实现双卫星天线与蜂窝通信天线的兼容，使得双卫星天线及蜂窝天线都能获得较好的性能。
可选地，转换开关50的不动端还与第三天线调谐开关SW3的控制端连接，第三天线调谐开关SW3可通过转换开关50切换至与第一卫星模块连通60或与射频模块70连通。
与上述实施例同理，在一些实施例中，可在基于图7所示的射频框架基础上，将第三天线调谐开关SW3的MIPI信号同时接入到com_RFFE_CLK和com_RFFE_DATA信号，可实现SW3和SW2被蜂窝控制或被第一卫星模块60控制，进而实现第一卫星天线在上行和下行工作时更精细的调节，获得更优的性能。
本实施例能够进一步增强第一卫星天线的调节优化，提升第一卫星天线的性能。
可选地，第二馈电结构302和/或第三馈电结构303上还通过串位电容接入比吸收率(Specific Absorption Rate，SAR)传感器(senor)所在的电路中。
在一些实施例中，本申请实施例中的第二天线枝节12上，通过开关通路配合电容、电感下地，枝节本身没有直连地板102下地，便于SAR sensor的扩展，可以仅从第二馈电结构302、第三馈电结构303接入到天线调谐开关的电路中加入串位的电容以接入SAR sensor的网络，即可实现SAR sensor功能(可检测电磁辐射中的暴露量)，能够实现卫星通信时的SAR检测，以及蜂窝通信时的SAR检测，智能实现各场景通信时的功率调整，提升用户体验。
根据本申请实施例的电子设备，包括金属框体，所述金属框体设置有第一天线枝节、第二天线枝节和第三天线枝节，所述第一天线枝节与所述第二天线枝节之间具有第一断口，所述第二天线枝节与所述第三天线枝节之间具有第二断口；所述第一天线枝节上设置有第一馈电结构，所述第二天线枝节上设置有第二馈电结构和第三馈电结构，所述第三天线枝节上设置有第四馈电结构，所述第一馈电结构上接入有第一馈电网络，所述第二馈电结构上分别接入有第二馈电网络和第三馈电网络，所述第四馈电结构上接入有第四馈电网络，所述第一馈电结构用于激励所述第一天线枝节工作在第一蜂窝天线的工作频段，所述第二馈电网络用于激励所述第二天线枝节工作在第一卫星天线的工作频段，所述第三馈电网络用于激励所述第二天线枝节工作在第二卫星天线的工作频段，所述第四馈电网络用于激励所述第三天线枝节工作在第二蜂窝天线的工作频段；所述第二天线枝节的长度与所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的二分之一的差小于第一值，所述第一值小于所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一；所述第一卫星天线的工作频段介于所述第二卫星天线的上行工作频段与所述第二卫星天线的下行工作频段之间。这样，通过合理设计各蜂窝天线和卫星天线结构，并设计第一卫星天线与第二卫星天线的工作频段，使第一卫星天线的工作频段介于第二卫星天线的上行工作频段与下行工作频段之间，以及使接入卫星天线馈电网络的天线枝节长度与所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的二分之一的差小于一定值，能够很好地保证第一卫星天线和第二卫星天线均获得较好的辐射效率，进而实现双卫星系统均获得较好的性能。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电子设备，包括金属框体，所述金属框体设置有第一天线枝节、第二天线枝节和第三天线枝节，所述第一天线枝节与所述第二天线枝节之间具有第一断口，所述第二天线枝节与所述第三天线枝节之间具有第二断口；
    所述第一天线枝节上设置有第一馈电结构，所述第二天线枝节上设置有第二馈电结构和第三馈电结构，所述第三天线枝节上设置有第四馈电结构，所述第一馈电结构接入有第一馈电网络，所述第二馈电结构分别接入有第二馈电网络和第三馈电网络，所述第四馈电结构接入有第四馈电网络，所述第一馈电网络用于激励所述第一天线枝节工作在第一蜂窝天线的工作频段，所述第二馈电网络用于激励所述第二天线枝节工作在第一卫星天线的工作频段，所述第三馈电网络用于激励所述第二天线枝节工作在第二卫星天线的工作频段，所述第四馈电网络用于激励所述第三天线枝节工作在第二蜂窝天线的工作频段；
    所述第二天线枝节的长度与所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的二分之一的差小于第一值，所述第一值小于所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一；所述第一卫星天线的工作频段介于所述第二卫星天线的上行工作频段与所述第二卫星天线的下行工作频段之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一馈电结构设置在所述第一天线枝节上于所述第一断口的边缘位置处。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二天线枝节的长度为所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的二分之一；
    和/或，所述第二馈电结构设置在所述第二天线枝节的第一位置，所述第一位置到所述第一断口的距离小于或等于所述第一天线枝节的长度；
    和/或，所述第三馈电结构设置在所述第二天线枝节上的第二位置，所述第二位置到所述第二天线枝节的中点的距离小于或等于所述第二天线枝节的长度的四分之一。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第四馈电结构设置在所述第三天线枝节的第三位置，所述第三位置到所述第二断口的距离小于或等于所述第一卫星天线的工作频率对应的波长的四分之一。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一馈电结构通过第一天线调谐开关连接多个第一调谐支路，所述第一天线调谐开关的不动端连接所述第一馈电结构，所述第一天线调谐开关的多个动端与所述多个第一调谐支路一一对应连接，且其中一个第一调谐支路上接入有所述第一馈电网络；
    和/或，所述第二馈电结构通过第二天线调谐开关连接多个第二调谐支路，所述第二天线调谐开关的不动端连接所述第二馈电结构，所述第二天线调谐开关的多个动端与所述多个第二调谐支路一一对应连接，且其中至少一个第二调谐支路上接入有所述第二馈电网络，另一第二调谐支路上接入有所述第三馈电网络；
    和/或，所述第三馈电结构通过第三天线调谐开关连接多个第三调谐支路，所述第三天线调谐开关的不动端连接所述第三馈电结构，所述第三天线调谐开关的多个动端与所述多个第三调谐支路一一对应连接；
    和/或，所述第四馈电结构通过第四天线调谐开关连接多个第四调谐支路，所述第四天线调谐开关的不动端连接所述第四馈电结构，所述第四天线调谐开关的多个动端与所述多个第四调谐支路一一对应连接，且其中一个第四调谐支路上接入有所述第四馈电网络。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电子设备，其中，所述第三天线调谐开关所连接的其中一个第三调谐支路上接入有第五馈电网络，所述第五馈电网络为第三蜂窝天线对应的馈电网络。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二天线调谐开关所连接的两个第二调谐支路上均接入所述第二馈电网络，其中一个第二调谐支路用于支持所述第一卫星天线的上行工作频段，另一第二调谐支路用于支持所述第一卫星天线的下行工作频段。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的电子设备，其中，所述各天线调谐开关均为串位开关。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的电子设备，其中，在所述电子设备与第一卫星建立通信连接的情况下，所述第一天线调谐开关接通所述多个第一调谐支路中未接入所述第一馈电网络的至少一个调谐支路；所述第二天线调谐开关接通所述第二馈电网络所在的第二调谐支路；所述第三天线调谐开关接通所述多个第三调谐支路中未接入天线馈电网络的至少一个调谐支路，或者所述第三天线调谐开关处于断开状态；所述第四天线调谐开关接通所述多个第四调谐支路中未接入所述第四馈电网络的至少一个调谐支路；
    和/或，在所述电子设备与第二卫星建立通信连接的情况下，所述第一天线调谐开关接通所述多个第一调谐支路中未接入所述第一馈电网络的至少一个调谐支路；所述第二天线调谐开关接通所述第三馈电网络所在的第二调谐支路；所述第三天线调谐开关处于断开状态；所述第四天线调谐开关接通所述多个第四调谐支路中未接入所述第四馈电网络的至少一个调谐支路；
    和/或，在所述电子设备连接蜂窝网络的情况下，所述第一天线调谐开关接通所述第一馈电网络所在的第一调谐支路；所述第二天线调谐开关接通所述多个第二调谐支路中未接入所述第二馈电网络且未接入所述第三馈电网络的调谐支路；所述第四天线调谐开关接通所述第四馈电网络所在的第四调谐支路。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的电子设备，其中，所述电子设备还包括转换开关；所述转换开关的不动端与所述第二天线调谐开关的控制端连接，所述转换开关的动端分别与所述电子设备中的第一卫星模块和蜂窝网络所在的射频模块连接，所述第二天线调谐开关可通过所述转换开关切换至与所述第一卫星模块连通或与所述射频模块连通。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电子设备，其中，所述转换开关的不动端还与所述第三天线调谐开关的控制端连接，所述第三天线调谐开关可通过所述转换开关切换至与所述第一卫星模块连通或与所述射频模块连通。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二馈电结构和/或所述第三馈电结构还通过串位电容接入比吸收率SAR传感器所在的电路中。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一卫星天线的上行工作频段为1.98GHz～2.01GHz，所述第一卫星天线的下行工作频段为2.17GHz～2.2GHz；
    所述第二卫星天线的上行工作频段为1615.68±7MHz，所述第二卫星天线的下行工作频段为2491.75±5MHz。
PCT/CN2025/083726 2024-03-26 2025-03-20 电子设备 Pending WO2025201161A1 (zh)

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