WO2025138902A1 - 一种随机接入方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种随机接入方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025138902A1
WO2025138902A1 PCT/CN2024/112825 CN2024112825W WO2025138902A1 WO 2025138902 A1 WO2025138902 A1 WO 2025138902A1 CN 2024112825 W CN2024112825 W CN 2024112825W WO 2025138902 A1 WO2025138902 A1 WO 2025138902A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cell
terminal device
random access
network
network device
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2024/112825
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孟昭
曾伟
薛超
罗飞
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Honor Device Co Ltd
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Honor Device Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to CN202480043089.1A priority Critical patent/CN121464723A/zh
Publication of WO2025138902A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025138902A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H04W74/0836—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with 2-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/004—Transmission of channel access control information in the uplink, i.e. towards network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a random access method and device.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device resides in the serving cell, it can receive a handover command from the network device (e.g., base station) corresponding to the serving cell, and initiate random access on the target cell according to the handover command.
  • the random access process may include the following steps: S1.
  • the terminal device sends a random access preamble to the network device (e.g., base station) corresponding to the target cell.
  • the network device corresponding to the target cell sends a random access response (RAR) to the terminal device.
  • RAR random access response
  • the network side may fail to properly decode the uplink data sent by the terminal device, affecting the ongoing services of the terminal device (for example, it may cause no sound in the ongoing call of the terminal device) and reduce the user experience.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a random access method and apparatus to reduce the impact on ongoing services of terminal devices, thereby improving service quality and thus improving user experience.
  • the terminal device resending the random access preamble to the second network device includes: the terminal device discards the random access response message and resends the random access preamble to the second network device.
  • the terminal device ignores the excessively large TA value (i.e., the TA value greater than the first preset threshold) in Msg2 first sent by the network device corresponding to the second cell, and re-requests the TA value from the network device corresponding to the second cell.
  • the terminal device receives a radio resource control (RRC) connection reconfiguration message from the first network device while residing in the first cell, including: the terminal device receives an RRC connection reconfiguration message from the first network device while residing in the first cell to perform a first service, and the first service includes a voice service or a data service.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for improving the performance of a terminal device, including:
  • the terminal device receives a random access response message Msg2 sent by the network side, wherein the Msg2 message carries a timing advance TA value;
  • the terminal device When the TA value is greater than the first preset threshold, the terminal device resends the Msg1 message.
  • the terminal device When the TA value is greater than the first preset threshold, the terminal device discards the Msg2 message and resends the Msg1 message.
  • the method before the terminal device sends a Msg1 message for initiating a random access process to the network side, the method further includes:
  • the terminal device When the terminal device resides in a first cell (such as the original cell shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 ), the terminal device receives an RRC connection reconfiguration message (such as RRCConnectionReconfiguration shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 ) sent by a base station corresponding to the first cell, and the RRC connection reconfiguration message carries first information, and the first information (such as mobilityControlInfo shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 , mobility control information) is used to indicate the The terminal device switches to the second cell (for example, the first information may carry information such as the cell ID and/or frequency of the second cell);
  • RRC connection reconfiguration message such as RRCConnectionReconfiguration shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8
  • the first information such as mobilityControlInfo shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 , mobility control information
  • the terminal device sends a Msg1 message for initiating a random access process to the network side, including:
  • the terminal device sends the Msg1 message to the base station corresponding to the second cell according to the first information.
  • receiving an RRC connection reconfiguration message sent by a base station corresponding to the first cell includes:
  • the terminal device When the terminal device resides in a first cell and moves at high speed, it receives an RRC connection reconfiguration message sent by a base station corresponding to the first cell.
  • the first cell is a high-speed rail cell.
  • the second cell may be a high-speed rail cell or a non-high-speed rail cell.
  • the high-speed rail cell may refer to a specific cell set up along the high-speed rail line.
  • the network standards of the first cell and the second cell are the same or different, such as: the first cell is an LTE cell, and the second cell is an LTE cell; or, the first cell is an NR cell, and the second cell is an NR cell; or, the first cell is an LTE cell, and the second cell is an NR cell; or, the first cell is an NR cell, and the second cell is an LTE cell.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the terminal device After the terminal device retransmits the Msg1 message for the Nth time, if the TA value in the received Msg2 message is greater than the second preset threshold, the terminal device completes the random access process according to the Msg2 message (it can be understood that the random access process may include more messages in addition to Msg1 and Msg2), and then successfully accesses the second cell (the target cell shown in Figure 8).
  • the RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete (RRC ConnectionReconfigurationComplete) message shown in Figure 8 may indicate that the terminal device has completed the random access process.
  • the value of the second preset threshold may be the same as or different from the value of the first preset threshold.
  • a terminal device comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the terminal device performs a method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • a chip system comprising at least one processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected via a line, and the at least one processor is used to run a computer program or instruction to execute a method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect is implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is executed, the computer executes the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the terminal device provided in the third aspect, the chip system provided in the fourth aspect, the computer storage medium provided in the fifth aspect, and the computer program product provided in the sixth aspect are all used to execute the method described in any one of the implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of any possible implementation in the first aspect or the second aspect, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a signal interaction in the related art
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of another network architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a voice call scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of signal interaction applicable to a random access method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a format of a RAR message provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is another schematic diagram of signal interaction provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another signal interaction provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a software structure block diagram of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • a cell is an area within the wireless coverage of a network device (e.g., a base station). In this area, a terminal device can reliably communicate with the network device through wireless signals. It can be understood that the coverage of each network device can be divided into one or more cells, and each cell can correspond to one or more frequency points. It can also be understood that each cell is an area formed by the coverage of one or more frequency points.
  • different cells may correspond to the same network device.
  • the network device to which the first cell belongs and the network device to which the second cell belongs may be the same network device. That is, the first cell and the second cell may be managed by the same base station. In this case, the first cell and the second cell may be referred to as being co-located.
  • different cells may correspond to different network devices.
  • the network device to which the first cell belongs and the network device to which the second cell belongs may be different network devices. That is, the first cell and the second cell may be managed by different base stations. Alternatively, the first cell and the second cell may be managed by the same base station, but the radio frequency processing units corresponding to the first cell and the second cell are different radio frequency processing units in the same base station.
  • Adjacent cell It can also be called adjacent cell or neighboring cell. It refers to the area within the wireless coverage of the network equipment that is adjacent to the current serving cell, has a physical location association and transmits signals on the same frequency or different frequencies. In other words, the adjacent cell refers to the cell that is connected or adjacent to the current serving cell. In layman's terms, the adjacent cell can be understood as the "surrounding cell" of the current serving cell.
  • Cell handover refers to the process of migrating the communication link between a terminal device and a current network device to another network device in mobile communications.
  • a cell handover is required to maintain uninterrupted communication of the terminal device.
  • Intra-site switching means that the original cell (or source cell) and the target cell belong to the same network device (for example, a base station).
  • Inter-site switching means that the source cell and the target cell belong to different network devices (for example, a base station).
  • the original cell refers to the cell that provides services to the terminal device before the cell switching
  • the target cell refers to the cell that provides services to the terminal device after the cell switching.
  • the terminal device can receive a handover command on the cell where it is currently residing (i.e., the original cell), and initiate random access on the target cell according to the handover command.
  • the random access process may include the following steps: S1.
  • the terminal device selects a preamble index and a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource for sending the preamble, and sends a random access preamble on the resource.
  • the base station sends a random access response to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can access the target cell.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • the uplink data sent by the terminal device in the target cell may not be decoded normally on the network side, resulting in an excessively high uplink bit error rate of the terminal device, affecting the normal service of the terminal device (for example, it may cause no sound in an ongoing call on the terminal device), reducing the user experience.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device resides in a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell (i.e., the original cell is a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell), the terminal device can receive a switching message (e.g., an RRC connection reconfiguration message) from the network device corresponding to the high-speed rail cell or the subway cell, and the switching message is used to instruct the terminal device to switch to the target cell.
  • a switching message e.g., an RRC connection reconfiguration message
  • the terminal device can initiate random access on the target cell according to the switching message, that is, it can send a random access preamble (the random access preamble can also be referred to as Msg1) to the network device corresponding to the target cell.
  • Msg1 random access preamble
  • the first cell, the second cell, and the third cell may belong to non-identical network devices, which may specifically include: at most two of the network devices to which the first cell belongs, the network devices to which the second cell belongs, and the network devices to which the third cell belongs are the same.
  • Terminal device It can be a device that has wireless transceiver functions and can cooperate with network equipment (e.g., base stations) to provide communication services to users.
  • Terminal devices can be mobile phones or wearable devices (e.g., smart watches).
  • LTE It can be understood as the wireless access network of the fourth generation (4G) mobile communication system.
  • the access network part is called the evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network, E-UTRAN).
  • E-UTRAN evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • the meaning of LTE is the same as that of E-UTRAN, both referring to the access network part of the 4G network.
  • the terminal device can access LTE through a 4G base station.
  • the 4G base station can be an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in long term evolution (LTE).
  • eNB evolved NodeB
  • LTE long term evolution
  • NR It can be understood as the radio access network of the fifth generation ( 5th generation, 5G) mobile communication system.
  • the access network part is called the next generation radio access network (Next Generation Radio Access Network, NG-RAN or NG RAN).
  • Next Generation Radio Access Network Next Generation Radio Access Network, NG-RAN or NG RAN
  • the meaning of NR is the same as that of NG-RAN (or NG RAN), both referring to the access network part of the 5G network.
  • the terminal device can access the NR through a 5G base station.
  • the 5G base station can be the next generation base station (gNodeB, gNB) in the new radio (new radio, NR).
  • the base station in NR can also be called a transmission reception point (TRP).
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • Core network The main functions are to provide user connections, user management, and service bearing. It provides an interface to the external network as a bearer network.
  • the establishment of user connections includes functions such as mobility management (MM), call management (CM), switching/routing, and recording notification (combined with intelligent network services to complete the connection relationship with intelligent network peripheral devices).
  • MM mobility management
  • CM call management
  • CM switching/routing
  • recording notification combined with intelligent network services to complete the connection relationship with intelligent network peripheral devices.
  • the core network in the network architecture may include a converged network element obtained by the network element in the EPC and the network element in the 5GC.
  • a converged network element obtained by the network element in the EPC and the network element in the 5GC.
  • PGW-C is the control plane node of the PGW network element
  • PGW-U is the user plane node of the PGW network element.
  • the core network in the network architecture shown in FIG. 3 may include a proxy session border control (PSBC) network element, which is a combined network element that integrates session border control (SBC), proxy call session control function (Proxy-CSCF, P-CSCF), access transfer control function (ATCF), and access transfer gateway (ATGW).
  • PSBC proxy session border control
  • SBC session border control
  • Proxy-CSCF proxy call session control function
  • ATCF access transfer control function
  • ATGW access transfer gateway
  • Each network element in the core network can also be called a functional entity, which can be a network element implemented on dedicated hardware, a software instance running on dedicated hardware, or an instance of a virtualized function on an appropriate platform.
  • the names of all network elements in this application are only examples. In future communications, such as 6G, they can also be called other names, or in future communications, such as 6G, the network elements involved in this application can also be replaced by other entities or devices with the same functions, etc., and this application does not limit this. A unified explanation is made here, and no further description will be given later.
  • the various network elements in the embodiments of the present application can be communication devices, or chips or chip systems that can be used in the communication devices, etc., and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the core network in the network architecture shown in FIG3 may also include other devices, network elements, network entities or network subsystems, such as a policy control function (PCF) network element, and this application does not limit this.
  • PCF policy control function
  • this application does not limit the distribution mode of each network element in the core network. The specific distribution mode can be referred to in relevant technical documents, and this application does not expand the description here.
  • IMS is a network architecture that provides voice and multimedia communication services (e.g., voice, video, and text messaging) over an Internet protocol (IP) network.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • IMS enables secure and reliable multimedia communications between different devices in different networks.
  • the architecture model provides a unified infrastructure and common mechanisms for controlling, operating, routing, and managing sessions, as well as implementing authentication, authorization, and accounting controls.
  • the IMS specifications include widely used Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) recommendations.
  • IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
  • SIP Session Initialization Protocol
  • SIP Session Initialization Protocol
  • the Internet generally refers to the Internet, also known as the international network, which refers to a huge network of networks connected in series. These networks are connected by a set of common protocols to form a logical single huge international network. From the perspective of network communication, the Internet is a data communication network that connects computer networks in various countries, regions, and institutions around the world using the transmission control protocol (TCP)/internet protocol.
  • TCP transmission control protocol
  • FIG. 3 is not limited to including only the devices and networks shown in the figure, but may also include other devices not shown in the figure, and this application will not illustrate this one by one.
  • the network devices a, b, and c in FIG2 belong to LTE or NR in FIG3.
  • the network devices a, b, and c may be 4G base stations (e.g., eNBs) or 5G base stations (e.g., gNBs).
  • the first cell, the second cell, and the third cell in FIG2 may be LTE cells or NR cells.
  • the terminal device 100 can transmit voice data with the terminal device 200 through the network device 1, the IMS and the network device 2.
  • the network device 1 is the network device corresponding to the cell where the terminal device 100 currently resides
  • the network device 2 is the network device corresponding to the cell where the terminal device 200 currently resides.
  • the network device 1 and the network device 2 can be the same network device.
  • the terminal device 100 can be the party that initiates the voice call to request a voice call with the terminal device 200.
  • the terminal device 200 can be the party that initiates the voice call to request a voice call with the terminal device 100.
  • the network device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, for example, the network device may be a base station.
  • the terminal device in Figure 2 may be the terminal device 100 or the terminal device 200 in Figure 4.
  • the network device a, the network device b and the network device c in Figure 2 may be the network device 1 or the network device 2 in Figure 4.
  • the first cell, the second cell and the third cell in Figure 2 may be the cells covered by the network device 1 or the network device 2.
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • LTE LTE system
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunications
  • EDGE enhanced data rate for GSM evolution
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • the terminal device in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), user terminal, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc.
  • the terminal device may be a handheld terminal, a laptop computer, a subscriber unit, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, a tablet computer, a wireless modem, a handheld device (handheld), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), a cordless phone (Cordless Phone) or a wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) station, a machine type communication (machine type communication, MTC) terminal, a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), an in-vehicle device (such as a car, a bicycle, an electric car, an airplane, a ship, a train, a high-speed rail, etc.), a virtual reality (Virtual Reality, VR) device, an augmented
  • the network device in the embodiments of the present application may be a device for communicating with a terminal device.
  • the network device may be a base station (base transceiver station, BTS) in a GSM system or CDMA, or a base station (NodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, or an eNB or eNodeB in an LTE system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario, or the network device may be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, or a network device in a future 5G network or a network after 5G, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, etc., for example, a transmission point (TRP or TP) in an NR system, a base station (gNB) in an NR system, one or a group of (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels of a base station in a 5G system, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments
  • the base station in the embodiments of the present application may include various forms of base stations, such as: macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, access points, gNBs, transmission points (transmitting and receiving points, TRP), transmitting points (transmitting points, TP), mobile switching centers, and devices that perform base station functions in device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, etc.
  • base stations such as: macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, access points, gNBs, transmission points (transmitting and receiving points, TRP), transmitting points (transmitting points, TP), mobile switching centers, and devices that perform base station functions in device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not particularly limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, as long as it is possible to communicate according to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application by running a program that records the code of the method provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method provided in the embodiments of the present application may be a terminal device or a network device, or a functional module in the terminal device or the network device that can call and execute a program.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a random access method, including:
  • the terminal device resides in the first cell to perform a first service.
  • the current serving cell of the terminal device is the first cell.
  • the first cell may also be referred to as the original cell/source cell of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device may reside in the first cell to perform the first service.
  • the first service may include a voice service or a data service.
  • the voice service includes a telephone service (for example, making a phone call).
  • the data service may include services such as web browsing, online games, or video/short video playback, which are not specifically limited in this application.
  • the terminal device may report an A2 event to a network device corresponding to the first cell so that the network device configures an event for handover for the user.
  • the events for switching may include the following events:
  • A3 event indicates that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than that of the first cell, and is used to decide whether the terminal device switches to the neighboring cell.
  • A4 event indicates that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than the absolute threshold, which is used to decide whether the terminal device switches to the neighboring cell.
  • A5 event indicates that the signal quality of the first cell is worse than absolute threshold 1 and the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than absolute threshold 2, which is used to decide whether the terminal device switches to the neighboring cell.
  • events A3-A5 are three events used by the LTE system or the NR system to perform same-system measurements.
  • B1 event indicates that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than the absolute threshold and is used to measure high-priority RAT cells.
  • B2 event indicates that the signal quality of the first cell is worse than the absolute threshold 1, and the signal quality of the neighboring cell is better than the absolute threshold 2. It is used for measuring RAT cells of the same or lower priority.
  • B1 event and B2 event are two events used by the LTE system or the NR system to perform inter-system measurements.
  • the network device corresponding to the first cell can configure an event for switching to the terminal device (e.g., an A3 event, an A4 event, an A5 event, a B1 event, a B2 event, etc.).
  • the terminal device reports the measurement result to the network device corresponding to the first cell according to the configured event.
  • the network device corresponding to the first cell can send an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the terminal device according to the measurement result to instruct the terminal device to switch to the second cell.
  • the terminal device receives an RRC connection reconfiguration message sent by the network device corresponding to the first cell.
  • Network device a is a network device corresponding to the first cell (first network device), for example, a base station.
  • the RRC connection reconfiguration message carries first information, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to switch to the second cell.
  • the second cell can be referred to as the target cell of the terminal device.
  • the second cell can be referred to as the target cell 1 of the terminal device, and the third cell described below can be referred to as the target cell 2 of the terminal device.
  • the first information may include a mobilityControlInfo information element.
  • the mobilityControlInfo information element is used to instruct the terminal device to switch to the second cell.
  • the mobilityControlInfo information element may include fields such as the ID of the second cell, carrier frequency, bandwidth, identifier of the terminal device, and parameters of each physical channel.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device resides in the first cell and performs a first service (eg, a voice service or a data service), the terminal device may receive an RRC connection reconfiguration message from a network device corresponding to the first cell.
  • a first service eg, a voice service or a data service
  • the terminal device when the terminal device resides in the first cell, the terminal device may be in a high-speed mobile state.
  • the terminal device being in a high-speed mobile state includes that the displacement of the terminal device in a preset time period is greater than a first preset threshold, and/or the average speed/acceleration of the terminal device in the preset time period is greater than a second preset threshold.
  • the terminal device can detect the acceleration/speed of the terminal device in the horizontal direction through an acceleration sensor.
  • the terminal device can obtain the geographical location of the terminal device through a positioning system (GPS or Beidou system), and determine the displacement of the terminal device according to the geographical location at different times.
  • GPS Globalstar or Beidou system
  • the terminal device may misjudge the state of the terminal device based on the data collected by the acceleration sensor. For example, if the terminal device is moving in a straight line at a uniform speed, and the acceleration sensor detects that the acceleration of the terminal device in the horizontal direction is 0, the state of the terminal device cannot be accurately determined. In this case, the terminal device can determine whether the terminal device is in a high-speed moving state through the acceleration sensor and the positioning system at the same time. For example, when it is detected that the output data of the positioning system has changed significantly in the recent period of time, and the acceleration value is zero or less than the threshold, the terminal device is determined to be in a high-speed moving state.
  • the first cell is a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell.
  • the high-speed rail community can also be called the high-speed rail communication community, which refers to the community covering the high-speed rail track.
  • the subway community can also be called the subway communication community, which refers to the community covering the subway tunnel.
  • the terminal device may determine whether the cell (e.g., the first cell) is an LTE high-speed railway cell through the highSpeedFlag field in the SIB message (e.g., SIB2). Alternatively, the terminal device may determine whether the cell is an NR high-speed railway cell through the highSpeedMeasFlag field in the SIB message (e.g., SIB1).
  • the cell e.g., the first cell
  • the terminal device may determine whether the cell is an NR high-speed railway cell through the highSpeedMeasFlag field in the SIB message (e.g., SIB1).
  • the first cell is determined to be a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell.
  • the geographic location information corresponding to the high-speed rail line or the subway line may be obtained by the terminal device from the network device, or may be stored in the terminal device in advance, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations.
  • the second cell is a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell.
  • the method for the terminal device to identify whether the second cell is a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell can refer to the method for the terminal device to identify whether the first cell is a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first cell is an LTE cell and the second cell is an LTE cell; or, the first cell is an NR cell and the second cell is an NR cell. That is, the switching of the terminal device from the first cell to the second cell may be a same-system cell switching.
  • the first cell is an LTE cell and the second cell is an NR cell; or, the first cell is an NR cell and the second cell is an LTE cell. That is, the switching of the terminal device from the first cell to the second cell may be a different-system cell switching.
  • the terminal device sends a random access preamble code to the network device corresponding to the second cell.
  • the terminal device may send a random access preamble code to network device b (second network device) according to the first information in the RRC connection reconfiguration message.
  • Network device b is the network device corresponding to the second cell.
  • the random access preamble code can be called Msg1 (message 1) or simply called the preamble code, and this application does not make any specific limitations on this.
  • the terminal device may send a random access preamble according to the preamble associated parameters.
  • the preamble associated parameters include the preamble target received power (PREAMBLE RECEIVED TARGET POWER), the preamble transmission counter (PREAMBLE TRANSMISSION COUNTER) and the preamble power increment counter (PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING COUNTER).
  • the preamble associated parameters may be configured through high-layer signaling.
  • the terminal device determines whether to send a random access preamble according to the preamble transmission counter. For example, the terminal device determines whether the value of the preamble transmission counter is less than a preset maximum value. If it is less than the maximum value, the terminal device can send a random access preamble.
  • the terminal device may determine the transmit power of the random access preamble based on the preamble target receive power and the value of the preamble power increment counter.
  • the transmission power of the random access preamble code can be determined by formula (1):
  • P PRACH, b, f, c (i) min ⁇ P CMAX, f, c (i), P PRACH, target, f, c +PL b, f, c ⁇ Formula (1)
  • P PRAC,Hb,f,c (i) is the maximum transmit power of the terminal device in the transmission time unit i
  • P PRACH,target,f,c is the first preamble target received power
  • PL b,f,c is the path loss estimated according to the downlink reference signal
  • b represents the BWP number
  • f represents the carrier number
  • c represents the serving cell number.
  • P PRACH, target, f, c preambleReceivedTargetPower+DELTA PREAMBLE+(PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING COUNTER–1) ⁇ PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING STEP
  • preambleReceivedTargetPower is the initial target received power of the random access preamble.
  • DELTA PREAMBLE is the power increment determined by the format of the random access preamble or by the format of the random access preamble and the subcarrier spacing.
  • PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING COUNTER is the preamble power increment counter, which is used to characterize the number of power increments for random access preamble retransmissions. This value is determined by whether the number of retransmissions of the random access preamble changes based on the transmit-side filter coefficient or the downlink path loss reference signal resource (SSB or CSI-RS) associated with the random access preamble.
  • PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING STEP is the power increment interval.
  • the network device corresponding to the second cell sends a random access response message to the terminal device.
  • the network device corresponding to the second cell can receive the random access preamble code sent by the terminal device on the corresponding PRACH resource.
  • the network device corresponding to the second cell After the network device corresponding to the second cell receives the random access preamble code sent by the terminal device, it can calculate the timing advance (TA) value corresponding to the terminal device based on the random access preamble code.
  • TA timing advance
  • the TA value is used to indicate to the terminal device the time advance that needs to be adjusted when sending the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and the sounding reference signal (SRS).
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • uplink frames are sent to a network device (e.g., a base station) by a UE, and downlink frames are transmitted by the network device to the UE.
  • a network device e.g., a base station
  • downlink frames are transmitted by the network device to the UE.
  • the transmission time of the uplink frame of the terminal device needs to be adjusted.
  • the transmission time of the uplink frame of the terminal device can be adjusted by the TA value to ensure that the uplink frame and the downlink frame are synchronized in the time domain.
  • the network device may send a random access response (RAR) message to the terminal device.
  • RAR random access response
  • the random access response message may also be referred to as Msg2 (message 2).
  • the random access response message may include a TA value.
  • the TA value can be carried in the timing advance command (TAC) field in the RAR message.
  • TAC field includes 12 bits.
  • the TA value can range from 0 to 3846.
  • the RAR message may also include information such as temporary cell radio network temporary identity (TC-RNTI) and uplink grant (UL (uplink) grant), which is not limited in this application.
  • TC-RNTI temporary cell radio network temporary identity
  • UL (uplink) grant uplink grant
  • the terminal device determines whether the TA value carried in the random access response message is greater than a first preset threshold.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device receives the random access response message (Msg2) sent by the network device corresponding to the second cell, it can parse Msg2 to obtain the TA value, and determine whether the TA value carried in Msg2 is greater than the first preset threshold.
  • Msg2 random access response message
  • the terminal device Since the terminal device resides in a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell (that is, the original cell of the terminal device is a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell), the terminal device is usually in a high-speed mobile state, and the distance between the terminal device and the network device of the target cell (target cell 1, that is, the second cell) will change greatly in a short time. As a result, the network device of the second cell may generate a large error (that is, an abnormality) when calculating the TA value of the terminal device. For example, the TA value of the terminal device calculated by the network device of the second cell is too large (for example, the TA value is greater than the first preset threshold).
  • the terminal device uses the excessively large TA value in the second cell to send uplink data, the problem that the uplink data sent by the terminal device in the target cell cannot be decoded normally on the network side may occur, resulting in a high uplink bit error rate of the terminal device, affecting the normal business of the terminal device (for example, it may cause the ongoing call of the terminal device to have no sound), and reducing the user experience. Therefore, when the terminal device resides in a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell, that is, when the first cell is a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell, for the random access process triggered by cell switching, the terminal device can add a check for the TA value in Msg2.
  • step 506 it is determined whether the TA value carried in the random access response message is greater than the first preset threshold. If the TA value is greater than the first preset threshold, step 506 may be performed. If the TA value is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, step 507 may be performed.
  • the terminal device When the TA value is greater than the first preset threshold, the terminal device resends the random access preamble code to the network device corresponding to the second cell.
  • the terminal device may discard the random access response message (Msg2) sent by the network device corresponding to the second cell, and resend the random access preamble to the network device corresponding to the second cell.
  • Msg2 random access response message
  • This situation can be understood as the terminal device ignoring the excessively large TA value (i.e., the TA value greater than the first preset threshold) in Msg2 sent by the network device corresponding to the second cell for the first time, and re-requesting the TA value from the network device corresponding to the second cell.
  • the terminal device can ignore the received TA value that is too large, and resend Msg1 to request a new TA value in order to obtain a normal TA value.
  • the terminal device can send uplink frames according to the normal TA value, thereby avoiding the problem of continuous high uplink bit error rate of the terminal device, avoiding the impact on voice services or data services, and improving user experience.
  • the normal TA value is a TA value in a reasonable value range, for example, the normal TA value is less than or equal to the first preset threshold.
  • the terminal device When the TA value is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the terminal device sends a request to the network corresponding to the second cell.
  • the network device sends an RRC connection reconfiguration complete message.
  • the terminal device When the TA value carried in the random access response message (Mg2) is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the terminal device does not need to discard the random access response message (Mg2).
  • the terminal device may send an RRC connection reconfiguration complete message to the network device corresponding to the second cell.
  • the RRC connection reconfiguration complete message may indicate that the terminal device has completed the random access process.
  • the terminal device can send uplink frames according to the normal TA value, thereby avoiding the problem of continuous high uplink bit error rate of the terminal device, avoiding the impact on voice services or data services, and improving user experience.
  • step 508 may also be included.
  • the network device corresponding to the second cell sends a random access response message to the terminal device.
  • the network device corresponding to the second cell After the network device corresponding to the second cell receives the random access preamble code retransmitted by the terminal device for the first time (ie, the random preamble code sent by the terminal device in step 506), it may retransmit the random access response message to the terminal device.
  • step 506 may be performed again.
  • Step 506 and step 508 may be performed N times in a loop, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the terminal device ignores the received TA value that is too large for multiple times (for example, N times) and resends Msg1 to request a new TA value so as to obtain a normal TA value, so that the terminal device can send uplink frames according to the normal TA value, thereby avoiding the continuous uplink high bit error problem of the terminal device, avoiding the impact on voice services or data services, and improving user experience.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device retransmits the random access preamble code for the Nth time, if the TA value in the random access response message received from the network device corresponding to the second cell is greater than the second preset threshold, the terminal device no longer retransmits the random access preamble code to the network device corresponding to the second cell.
  • the terminal device may resend the random access preamble (e.g., preamble 1) to the network device corresponding to the second cell for the first time.
  • the network device may resend the random access response message (e.g., random access response message 1) to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device receives the random access response message (e.g., random access response message 1), if it determines that the TA value carried in the random access response message is greater than the second preset threshold, it may resend the random access preamble (e.g., preamble 2) to the network device corresponding to the second cell for the second time. After the network device receives the random access preamble resent by the terminal device for the second time, it may resend the random access response message (e.g., random access response message 2) to the terminal device.
  • the random access preamble e.g., preamble 2
  • the terminal device After the terminal device receives the random access response message (for example, random access response message 2), if it determines that the TA value carried in the random access response message is greater than the second preset threshold, it will no longer resend the random access preamble code to the network device corresponding to the second cell for the third time.
  • the random access response message for example, random access response message 2
  • the TA value actually required by the terminal device in the second cell is relatively large (for example, the TA value actually required by the terminal device in the second cell should be greater than the second preset threshold), that is, after the terminal device retransmits the random access preamble code for the Nth time, if the TA value in the random access response message received from the network device corresponding to the second cell is still greater than the second preset threshold, the larger TA value can no longer be ignored. And in the subsequent uplink transmission process, the timing of sending the uplink frame is adjusted according to the larger TA value.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device retransmits the random access preamble code for the Nth time, if the TA value in the random access response message received from the network device corresponding to the second cell is greater than the second preset threshold, the terminal device can record the correspondence between the excessively large TA value (TA value greater than the first preset threshold or the second preset threshold) received by the terminal device in the second cell and the second cell. In this way, when the terminal device switches to the second cell next time, it can directly use the excessively large TA value indicated by the network device corresponding to the second cell without frequently retransmitting the random access preamble code.
  • the excessively large TA value TA value greater than the first preset threshold or the second preset threshold
  • the TA value actually required by the terminal device in the second cell is relatively large (for example, the TA value actually required by the terminal device in the second cell should be greater than the second preset threshold), but also save information interaction time, and avoid the problem that the uplink data sent by the subsequent terminal device cannot be decoded normally on the network side, thereby avoiding affecting the normal service of the terminal device.
  • the value of the second preset threshold may be the same as the value of the first preset threshold; in other embodiments, the value of the second preset threshold may be different from the value of the first preset threshold.
  • the terminal device may send an RRC connection reconfiguration completion message to the network device corresponding to the second cell.
  • the RRC connection reconfiguration completion message may indicate that the terminal device has completed the random access process.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include the following steps:
  • the terminal device determines that RLF occurs in the second cell.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device retransmits the random access preamble code for the Nth time, if the TA value in the random access response message received from the network device corresponding to the second cell is greater than the second preset threshold, the terminal device determines that a radio link failure (RLF) occurs in the second cell. In this case, the terminal device can reselect the cell. For example, the terminal device can reselect to the third cell.
  • the third cell can be called target cell 2.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device retransmits the random access preamble for the Nth time, if the TA value in the random access response message received from the network device corresponding to the second cell is greater than the second preset threshold, the terminal device sends an RRC connection reconfiguration completion message to the network device corresponding to the second cell to complete the random access process. Then, during the communication process between the terminal device and the second cell, the timing of sending the uplink frame can be adjusted according to the larger TA value (i.e., the TA value greater than the second preset threshold). During the communication process between the terminal device and the second cell, the terminal device may experience RLF.
  • the terminal device determines that RLF has occurred in the second cell.
  • the uplink bit error rate is an indicator to measure the accuracy of uplink data transmission within a specified time.
  • Uplink bit error rate bit error in uplink transmission / total number of codes transmitted in uplink transmission * 100%.
  • the terminal device may determine whether RLF occurs in the link between the terminal device and the second cell based on the number of RLC retransmissions, in sync (or in synchronization, IS)/out of sync (or Out of synchronization, OoS) indications, the number of failures of the terminal device to send service data, random access (Random Access) results, cell switching results, and RRC reconfiguration results.
  • the terminal device receives a preset number of consecutive OoS indications within a preset time period, and the timer 310 (timer T310 is started when a preset number (e.g., N310 times) of consecutive OoS is detected) times out
  • the terminal device if the terminal device fails to recover before the second cell is connected to the RRC Connection Reconfiugration command, the terminal device considers that RLF occurs in the second cell.
  • the terminal device considers that RLF occurs in the second cell. For example, if a random access failure occurs, the terminal device considers that RLF occurs in the second cell. For example, if a handover failure occurs, that is, before the timer T304 (timer T304 is started when the terminal device receives the RRC Connection Reconfiugration command and prepares for Handover) times out, the terminal device cannot successfully access the second cell, the terminal device considers that RLF occurs in the second cell. For example, if the RRC reconfiguration fails, the terminal device considers that RLF occurs in the second cell.
  • the preset time, the preset number of failures, and the preset number can be set as needed, and can be agreed upon by the protocol or configured by the network device, and are not limited by this application.
  • the occurrence of RLF in the second cell may refer to the inability to perform normal data transmission between the terminal device and the second cell or the network device corresponding to the second cell, such as failure of uplink data transmission and/or downlink data transmission.
  • the terminal device establishes an RRC connection with the network device corresponding to the third cell through the RRC re-establishment process.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device determines that RLF occurs in the second cell, the terminal device can determine a new target cell (target cell 2, i.e., the third cell) and establish an RRC connection with the network device corresponding to the third cell. Since the terminal device is in a connected state, an RRC connection can be established with the network device corresponding to the third cell through the RRC re-establishment process.
  • target cell 2 i.e., the third cell
  • the terminal device may select a cell that satisfies the S criterion among at least one candidate cell (cell searched by the UE) as the third cell.
  • the S criterion may be used to select the RRC re-establishment cell. It should be noted that the S criterion may also be replaced by other criteria that can select the RRC re-establishment cell, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the terminal device uses a cell that satisfies the S criterion among at least one candidate cell (cell searched by the UE) as the third cell may include: the terminal device determines whether at least one candidate cell satisfies the S criterion, and obtains one or more cells that satisfy the S criterion; if there is only one cell that satisfies the S criterion, the cell that satisfies the S criterion is used as the third cell.
  • the cell with the best (or highest) signal quality for example, RSRP ⁇ RSRQ) among multiple cells that satisfy the S criterion is used as the third cell.
  • the third cell may be one of at least one neighboring cell of the first cell or the second cell.
  • the third cell is a cell with the strongest signal among at least one neighboring cell of the first cell or the second cell.
  • the third cell is a high-speed rail cell or a subway cell.
  • the third cell may be an LTE cell or a NR cell.
  • the terminal device establishes an RRC connection with the network device corresponding to the third cell through the RRC re-establishment process, including: the terminal device sends an RRC re-establishment request (RRC restablishment request) message to the third cell, and the RRC re-establishment request message can be used to request to establish an RRC connection with the network device corresponding to the third cell. If the network device corresponding to the third cell accepts the RRC re-establishment request message sent by the terminal device, the network device corresponding to the third cell sends an RRC re-establishment message (RRC re-establishment) to the terminal device.
  • RRC restablishment request RRC restablishment request
  • the terminal device receives the RRC re-establishment message and establishes an RRC connection with the network device corresponding to the third cell. After the terminal device establishes an RRC connection with the network device corresponding to the third cell, it sends an RRC re-establishment completion message to the network device corresponding to the third cell.
  • an RRC re-establishment request (RRC connection reestablishment request or RRC connection reestablishment request) may be generated by the RRC layer of the first terminal device, and the RRC layer of the first terminal device corresponds to the RRC layer of the wireless access network device.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device establishes an RRC connection with the network device corresponding to the third cell, the first service mentioned in step 501 can be continued through the RRC connection.
  • the terminal device can resend Msg1 to request a new TA value, ignoring the received TA value that is too large, so as to obtain a normal TA value.
  • This can avoid the problem that the network side sends an excessively large TA value, which affects the ongoing services (for example, voice services or data services) of the terminal device, and can improve the user experience.
  • the existing technology enables the terminal (terminal equipment) to receive a handover command from the network side in some scenarios on the LTE cell, initiate random access on the target cell, send Msg1, receive Msg2 from the network side, and successfully access the target cell.
  • the network side cannot decode the uplink data subsequently sent by the terminal normally, affecting the normal service of the terminal (for example, it may cause the ongoing call of the terminal to be silent).
  • the terminal device receives a handover command from the network side in the LTE high-speed rail cell, starts to initiate random access in the target cell, sends Msg1, receives Msg2 from the network side, and successfully accesses the target cell.
  • the TA value carried in Msg2 is extremely large, which causes the network side to be unable to decode the uplink data subsequently sent by the terminal device normally, affecting the normal service of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device uses a TA value that is too large in the target cell, it will cause a large offset in the time domain, affecting the decoding of uplink data on the network side, causing the terminal device to have continuous high uplink bit errors.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for improving the performance of a terminal device. Since the overestimation of the TA value on the network side is a probabilistic phenomenon, the terminal device can ignore the received excessive TA value and resend Msg1 to solve this problem or reduce the probability of this problem occurring.
  • the present application provides a method for improving the performance of a terminal device, which may include the following contents:
  • the terminal device can add a check for the TA value in Msg2.
  • the terminal for example, UE
  • the terminal can initiate random access in the target cell according to the RRC connection reconfiguration message, that is, it can send Msg1 to the network device corresponding to the target cell.
  • the network device corresponding to the target cell receives the random access preamble sent by the terminal device, it can calculate the TA value based on Msg1 and send Msg2 carrying the TA value to the terminal. If the TA value in Msg2 is greater than the preset threshold, the terminal can discard Msg2 (in this case, it can be understood that the excessively large TA value in Msg2 is ignored) and resend Msg1 immediately.
  • the terminal can receive Msg2 retransmitted by the network side. If the TA value in Msg2 is still greater than the preset threshold, the terminal device can continue to discard Msg2 and retransmit Msg1.
  • the terminal may keep resending Msg1 until the TA value carried in the received Msg2 is less than or equal to a preset threshold. Then, the terminal may send an RRC connection reconfiguration completion message to the target cell.
  • Msg1 (message 1, message 1) and Msg2 (message 2, message 2) are both involved in the random access process.
  • Msg2 (message 2, message 2)
  • TA timing advance
  • the network side e.g., base station
  • Msg2 calculates the uplink TA based on Msg1.
  • the terminal device receives the random access response message (Msg2), it can adjust the uplink transmission timing according to the TA value carried in Msg2.
  • the terminal device may no longer ignore the excessively large TA value in the received Msg2.
  • the terminal device may no longer ignore the excessively large TA value in the received Msg2, that is, the terminal device may no longer retransmit Msg1, but successfully access the target cell according to Msg2 (such as the most recently received Msg2).
  • the terminal may send an RRC connection reconfiguration completion message to the target cell.
  • the problem of high bit error and thus voice silence/data unavailability caused by the network side sending too large a TA value can be solved, thereby improving user experience.
  • FIG9 A hardware structure of the terminal device is shown in FIG9 , which may include: a processor, an external memory interface, an internal memory, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a charging management module, a power management module, a battery, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module, a wireless communication module, a sensor module, a button, a motor, an indicator, a camera, a display screen, and a SIM card slot, etc.
  • a processor an external memory interface
  • an internal memory a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • a charging management module a power management module
  • a battery an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module, a wireless communication module, a sensor module, a button, a motor, an indicator, a camera, a display screen, and a SIM card slot, etc.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • the audio module may include a speaker, a receiver, a microphone, an earphone interface, etc.
  • the sensor module may include a pressure sensor, a gyroscope sensor, an air pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a distance sensor, a proximity light sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a temperature sensor, a touch sensor, an ambient light sensor, a bone conduction sensor, etc.
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiments of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal device.
  • the terminal device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange the components differently.
  • the components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the operating system of the terminal device can adopt a layered architecture, event-driven architecture, micro-kernel architecture, or micro-service architecture. Or cloud architecture.
  • the embodiment of the present application takes the Android system with a layered architecture as an example to illustrate the hardware and software structure of the terminal device. It should be noted that although the embodiment of the present application takes the Android system as an example, its basic principle is also applicable to terminal devices based on operating systems such as iOS or Windows.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a terminal device, which includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is used to store computer program code, and the computer program code includes computer instructions.
  • the terminal device executes the following random access method.
  • the modem After the modem resends Msg1 for the Nth time, if the TA value in the received Msg2 is greater than the second preset threshold, the modem may no longer resend Msg1.
  • the present application also provides a chip system, as shown in FIG11 , which includes at least one processor 1101 and at least one interface circuit 1102.
  • the processor 1101 and the interface circuit 1102 can be interconnected via a line.
  • the interface circuit 1102 can be used to receive signals from other devices (for example, a memory of a terminal device).
  • the interface circuit 1102 may be used to send signals to other devices (eg, the processor 1101 ).
  • the interface circuit 1102 may read instructions stored in a memory in the terminal device and send the instructions to the processor 1101.
  • the terminal device (such as the terminal device shown in FIG9 ) may execute the various steps in the above embodiment.
  • chip system may also include other discrete devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes computer instructions.
  • the computer instructions are executed on a terminal device (the terminal device as shown in Figure 9)
  • the terminal device executes each function or step executed by the terminal device (e.g., UE) in the above method embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute each function or step executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a processing device, which can be divided into different logical units or modules according to functions, and each unit or module performs a different function, so that the processing device executes each function or step executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment.
  • the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separated, and the component displayed as a unit may be a physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, it can be located in one place, or it can be distributed in multiple different places. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to make a device (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read only memory (read only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种随机接入方法和装置，涉及通信技术领域，可以降低对终端设备正在进行的业务的影响，可以提高业务质量，从而提高用户体验。其方法为：终端设备发送随机接入前导码；终端设备接收随机接入响应消息，随机接入响应消息中携带时间提前量TA值；在TA值大于第一预设门限的情况下，终端设备重发随机接入前导码。

Description

一种随机接入方法和装置
本申请要求于2023年12月26日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202311820749.6、发明名称为“一种提高电子设备性能的方法及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，以及于2024年02月08日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202410178294.0、发明名称为“一种随机接入方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种随机接入方法和装置。
背景技术
终端设备驻留服务小区时，可以从服务小区对应的网络设备(例如，基站)接收切换命令，根据切换命令在目标小区上发起随机接入。随机接入过程可以包括以下步骤：S1、终端设备向目标小区对应的网络设备(例如，基站)发送随机接入前导码(preamble)。S2、目标小区对应的网络设备向终端设备发送随机接入响应(random access response，RAR)。从而，终端设备可以接入目标小区。
然而，终端设备接入目标小区并在目标小区发送上行数据后，可能出现网侧对终端设备发送的上行数据无法正常解码的问题，影响终端设备正在进行的业务(例如，可能导致终端设备正在进行的通话没有声音)，降低了用户体验。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种随机接入方法和装置，以降低对终端设备正在进行的业务的影响，可以提高业务质量，从而提高用户体验。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种随机接入方法，包括：终端设备发送随机接入前导码；终端设备接收随机接入响应消息，随机接入响应消息中携带时间提前量TA值；在TA值大于第一预设门限的情况下，终端设备重发随机接入前导码。
基于本申请实施例提供的方法，终端设备可以重发随机接入前导码(Msg1)以请求新的TA值，忽略掉接收到的过大的TA值。可以避免网侧下发过大TA值导致影响终端设备正在进行的业务(例如，语音业务或数据业务)的问题，可以提高用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，接收到的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，终端设备不再重发随机接入前导码；其中，N为大于或等于1的整数。如此一来，可以兼容终端设备所需的TA值本身就较大(例如，终端设备实际所需的TA值应该大于第二预设阈值)的场景。终端设备可以在后续的上行传输过程中根据该较大的TA值调整上行帧的发送时机。
在一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备发送随机接入前导码之前，该方法还包括：终端设备在驻留第一小区的情况下，接收来自第一网络设备的无线资源控制RRC连接 重配置消息，第一网络设备是第一小区对应的网络设备，RRC连接重配置消息中携带第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备切换到第二小区；终端设备发送随机接入前导码包括：终端设备根据第一信息向第二网络设备发送随机接入前导码，第二网络设备是第二小区对应的网络设备。即终端设备可以根据RRC连接重配置消息中的第一信息向第二网络设备(第二小区对应的网络设备)发送随机接入前导码，以便切换到第二小区。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，接收到的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，终端设备向第一网络设备发送RRC连接重配置完成消息；终端设备向第一网络设备发送RRC连接重配置完成消息后，终端设备确定第二小区发生无线链路失败RLF；终端设备向第三网络设备发送RRC连接重建立消息，第三网络设备是第三小区对应的网络设备，第三小区与第二小区不同。终端设备向第一网络设备发送RRC连接重配置完成消息后，终端设备与第二小区在通信过程中，可以根据该较大的TA值(即大于第二预设门限的TA值)调整上行帧的发送时机。然而，终端设备与第二小区通信过程中，终端设备可能发生RLF。此种情况下，终端设备可以向第三网络设备(第三小区对应的网络设备)发送RRC连接重建立消息以便与第三小区对应的网络设备建立RRC连接。这样可以避免影响终端设备正在进行的业务(例如，语音业务或数据业务)的问题，可以提高用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备确定第二小区发生无线链路失败RLF包括：终端设备确定终端设备在第二小区的上行误码率超过第三预设阈值。其中，上行误码率是衡量上行数据在规定时间内数据传输精确性的指标。上行误码率＝上行传输中的误码/上行传输所传输的总码数*100％。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，接收到的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，终端设备确定第二小区发生无线链路失败RLF；终端设备向第三网络设备发送RRC连接重建立消息，第三网络设备是第三小区对应的网络设备，第三小区与第二小区不同。即终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，接收到的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况可以触发RLF。此种情况下，终端设备可以向第三网络设备(第三小区对应的网络设备)发送RRC连接重建立消息以便与第三小区对应的网络设备建立RRC连接。这样可以避免影响终端设备正在进行的业务(例如，语音业务或数据业务)的问题，可以提高用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备发送随机接入前导码时，处于高速移动状态。终端设备处于高速移动状态包括终端设备在预设时间段的位移大于第一预设阈值，和/或，终端设备在预设时间段的平均速度/加速度大于第二预设阈值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一小区为高铁小区或地铁小区。由于终端设备驻留高铁小区或地铁小区时，通常处于高速移动状态。网侧接收到处于高速移动状态的终端设备发送的随机接入前导码(Msg1)后，会概率性地出现对TA值的计算产生偏差的情况，导致Msg2中携带的TA值过大。基于本申请实施例提供的方法，终端设备可以重发随机接入前导码(Msg1)以请求新的TA值，忽略掉接收到的过大的TA值。 可以避免网侧下发过大TA值导致影响终端设备正在进行的业务(例如，语音业务或数据业务)的问题，可以提高用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二小区为高铁小区或地铁小区。终端设备准备切换到高铁小区或地铁小区的情况下，终端设备可能处于高速移动状态。网侧接收到处于高速移动状态的终端设备发送的随机接入前导码(Msg1)后，会概率性地出现对TA值的计算产生偏差的情况，导致Msg2中携带的TA值过大。基于本申请实施例提供的方法，终端设备可以重发随机接入前导码(Msg1)以请求新的TA值，忽略掉接收到的过大的TA值。可以避免网侧下发过大TA值导致影响终端设备正在进行的业务(例如，语音业务或数据业务)的问题，可以提高用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备向第二网络设备重发随机接入前导码包括：终端设备丢弃随机接入响应消息，向第二网络设备重发随机接入前导码。这种情况可以理解为，终端设备忽略了第二小区对应的网络设备第一次下发的Msg2中过大的TA值(即大于第一预设门限的TA值)，重新向第二小区对应的网络设备请求TA值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备在驻留第一小区的情况下，接收来自第一网络设备的无线资源控制RRC连接重配置消息，包括：终端设备在驻留第一小区进行第一业务的情况下，接收来自第一网络设备的RRC连接重配置消息，第一业务包括语音业务或数据业务。
在一种可能的实现方式中，方法还包括以下中的一项或多项：第三小区为高铁小区或地铁小区；或者，第一小区为长期演进LTE小区，第二小区为LTE小区；或者，第一小区为新无线NR小区，第二小区为NR小区；或者，第一小区为LTE小区，第二小区为NR小区；或者，第一小区为NR小区，第二小区为LTE小区；或者，第三小区为LTE小区或NR小区。也即，终端设备从第一小区切换到第二小区/第三小区可以是同系统小区切换，也可以是异系统小区切换。
本申请提供了一些实施例，以提高终端的性能，降低终端上出现业务异常的概率。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种提高终端设备性能的方法，包括：
终端设备向网络侧发送用于发起随机接入过程的Msg1消息；
所述终端设备接收网络侧发送的随机接入响应消息Msg2消息，所述Msg2消息中携带有时间提前量TA值；
在所述TA值大于第一预设门限的情况下，所述终端设备重发Msg1消息。
在一些实施例中，所述在所述TA值大于第一预设门限的情况下，所述终端设备重发Msg1消息，包括：
所述在所述TA值大于第一预设门限的情况下，所述终端设备丢弃掉所述Msg2消息，重发Msg1消息。
在一些实施例中，在所述终端设备向网络侧发送用于发起随机接入过程的Msg1消息之前，所述方法还包括：
所述终端设备在驻留在第一小区(如图7或图8中所示的原小区)的情况下，接收到所述第一小区对应的基站发送的RRC连接重配置消息(如图7或图8中所示的RRCConnectionReconfiguration)，所述RRC连接重配置消息中携带第一信息，所述第一信息(如图7或图8中所示的mobilityControlInfo，移动控制信息)用于指示所述 终端设备切换到第二小区(例如，所述第一信息中可以携带了第二小区的小区ID和/或频点等信息)；
所述终端设备向网络侧发送用于发起随机接入过程的Msg1消息包括：
所述终端设备根据所述第一信息向所述第二小区对应的基站发送所述Msg1消息。
在一些实施例中，所述终端设备在驻留在第一小区的情况下，接收到所述第一小区对应的基站发送的RRC连接重配置消息，包括：
所述终端设备在驻留在第一小区且高速移动的情况下，接收到所述第一小区对应的基站发送的RRC连接重配置消息。
在一些实施例中，所述第一小区为高铁小区。所述第二小区可以为高铁小区或非高铁小区。高铁小区可以是指高铁线路中沿途所设的特定小区。
在一些实施例中，所述第一小区和第二小区的网络制式相同或不同，如：所述第一小区为LTE小区，所述第二小区为LTE小区；或者，所述第一小区为NR小区，所述第二小区为NR小区；或者，所述第一小区为LTE小区，所述第二小区为NR小区；或者，所述第一小区为NR小区，所述第二小区为LTE小区。
在一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：
在所述终端设备第N次重发Msg1消息后，接收到的Msg2消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，所述终端设备根据所述Msg2消息完成随机接入过程(可以理解的是，随机接入过程除了包括Msg1、Msg2之外，还可以包括更多的消息)，进而成功接入第二小区(如图8中所示的目标小区)。如图8中所示的RRC连接重配置完成(RRC ConnectionReconfigurationComplete)消息可以表示所述终端设备已经完成随机接入过程。
在一些实施例中，所述第二预设门限的值可以和所述第一预设门限的值相同或不同。
第三方面，提供了一种终端设备，包括：处理器和存储器；所述存储器存储计算机执行指令；所述处理器执行所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令，使得所述终端设备执行如第一方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的方法。
第四方面，提供了一种芯片系统，包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以执行如第一方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序。计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如第一方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括计算机程序，当计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的方法。
可理解，上述第三方面提供的终端设备、第四方面提供的芯片系统、第五方面提供的计算机存储介质以及第六方面提供的计算机程序产品均用于执行如第一方面或第二方面的任意一种实现方式所描述的方法。因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上述第一方面或第二方面中任一种可能的实现方式的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为相关技术的一种信号交互示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种网络架构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的又一种网络架构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种语音通话场景示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入方法适用的信号交互示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种RAR消息的格式示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的又一种信号交互示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的又一种信号交互示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的硬件结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的软件结构框图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种芯片系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了下述各实施例的描述清楚简洁，首先给出相关概念或技术的简要介绍：
1、小区(cell)：小区是网络设备(例如，基站)的无线覆盖范围内的区域。在这个区域内，终端设备可以通过无线信号可靠地与网络设备进行通信。可理解，每个网络设备的覆盖范围可以被划分为一个或多个小区，且每个小区可以对应一个或多个频点。也可以理解为，每个小区是一个或多个频点的覆盖范围所形成的区域。
在本申请的一些实施例中，不同的小区可以对应相同的网络设备。例如，第一小区所属的网络设备和第二小区所属的网络设备可以是相同的网络设备。即第一小区和第二小区可以由同一个基站来管理。这种情况下，可以称为第一小区和第二小区共站。
在本申请的一些实施例中，不同的小区可以对应不同的网络设备。例如，第一小区所属的网络设备和第二小区所属的网络设备可以是不同的网络设备。即第一小区和第二小区可以由不同基站来管理。或者，第一小区和第二小区可以由同一个基站来管理，但第一小区和第二小区对应的射频处理单元为该同一个基站中的不同射频处理单元。
2、相邻小区：也可以称邻区，或称邻小区，是指与当前服务小区相邻的、具有物理位置关联并在同一频率或者不同频率上发射信号的网络设备的无线覆盖范围内的区域。也就是说，相邻小区指的是与当前服务小区相接或相邻的小区。通俗来说，相邻小区可以理解为当前服务小区的“周边小区”。
3、小区切换(Handover，HO)：小区切换是指在移动通信中将终端设备与当前网络设备之间的通信链路迁移至另一网络设备的过程。在无线通信系统中，当终端设备从一个小区向另一个小区移动或靠近时，为了保持终端设备的通信不中断，需要进行小区切换。
小区切换可以是站内切换或站间切换，本申请对此不作具体限制。站内切换指的是原小区(或称源小区)与目标小区属于同一个网络设备(例如，基站)。站间切换指的是源小区与目标小区属于不同的网络设备(例如，基站)。
在本申请中，原小区表示小区切换前为终端设备提供服务的小区，目标小区表示小区切换后为终端设备提供服务的小区。
在一些场景下，终端设备可以在当前驻留的小区(即原小区)上接收切换命令，根据切换命令在目标小区上发起随机接入。随机接入过程可以包括以下步骤：S1、终端设备选择前导码索引(preamble index)及用于发送前导码的物理随机接入信道(physical random access channel，PRACH)资源，并在该资源上发送随机接入前导码(preamble)。S2、基站向终端设备发送随机接入响应。从而，终端设备可以接入目标小区。
然而，终端设备接入目标小区后，可能出现终端设备在目标小区发送的上行数据网侧无法正常解码的问题，导致终端设备的上行误码率过高，影响终端设备正常业务(例如，可能导致终端设备正在进行的通话没有声音)，降低了用户体验。
例如，终端设备驻留高铁小区或地铁小区(即原小区为高铁小区或地铁小区)时，终端设备可以从高铁小区或地铁小区对应的网络设备接收切换消息(例如，RRC连接重配置消息)，该切换消息用于指示终端设备切换到目标小区。如图1所示，终端设备从原小区接收到切换消息后，可以根据切换消息在目标小区上发起随机接入，即可以向目标小区对应的网络设备发送随机接入前导码(随机接入前导码也可以称为Msg1)。目标小区对应的网络设备接收到终端设备发送的随机接入前导码后，可以根据随机接入前导码计算时间提前量(timing advance，TA)值，并可以向终端设备发送携带该TA值的随机接入响应消息(随机接入响应消息也可以称为Msg2)。终端设备接收到随机接入响应消息(Msg2)后，可以根据Msg2中携带的TA值调整上行数据的发送时机。然而，由于终端设备驻留高铁小区或地铁小区时，通常处于高速移动状态。目标小区对应的网络设备接收到处于高速移动状态的终端设备发送的随机接入前导码(Msg1)后，会概率性地出现对TA值的计算产生偏差的情况，导致Msg2中携带的TA值过大。如果终端设备在目标小区使用过大的TA值调整上行数据的发送时机，会造成上行数据在时域上存在较大偏移，影响网侧解码上行数据，从而影响终端设备的正在进行的业务(例如，用户在高铁上突然出现通话无声掉话现象)，降低用户体验。
本申请实施例提供一种随机接入方法，以降低对终端设备正在进行的业务的影响，可以提高业务质量，从而提高用户体验。
为了更好地理解本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法及相关设备，下面对本申请实施例的网络架构进行描述。
本申请实施例的网络架构可以包括至少两个小区(例如，第一小区和第二小区)和至少一个终端设备。
示例性的，请参阅图2，图2为本申请实施例提供的一种网络架构的示意图。如图2所示，该网络架构可以包括终端设备、属于网络设备a的第一小区、属于网络设备b的第二小区，以及属于网络设备c的第三小区。如图2所示，终端设备当前驻留的小区可以为第一小区。终端设备的移动轨迹可以为从第一小区移动至第二小区/第三小区。其中，第二小区和第三小区可以为第一小区的邻区(即相邻小区)。终端设备可以位于列车(例如，高铁或地铁)上。第一小区、第二小区和第三小区可以为高铁小区或地铁小区。
可理解，本申请实施例提供的网络架构还可以包括更多的小区，本申请对此不作 限制。在本申请的一些实施例中，一个网络设备可以对应一个或多个小区。第一小区、第二小区和第三小区可以属于同一个网络设备。也就是说，网络设备a、网络设备b和网络设备c可以为同一个网络设备。这种情况下，终端设备进行网络设备内的切换。可选地，第一小区、第二小区和第三小区可以属于不完全相同的网络设备。也就是说，网络设备a、网络设备b和网络设备c可以为不完全相同的网络设备。第一小区、第二小区和第三小区属于不完全相同的网络设备，具体可以包括：第一小区属于的网络设备、第二小区属于的网络设备和第三小区属于的网络设备中至多有两个相同。
请参阅图3，图3是本申请实施例示例性提供的又一种网络架构示意图。如图3所示，该网络架构可以包括终端设备、LTE、NR、核心网，以及IMS或因特网(Internet)。下面对其进行具体介绍：
(1)终端设备：可以为包含无线收发功能、且可以与网络设备(例如，基站)配合为用户提供通讯服务的设备。终端设备可以为手机，或可穿戴设备(例如智能手表)等。
(2)LTE：可以理解为第四代(4th generation，4G)移动通信系统的无线接入网。在LTE网络(即俗称的4G网络)中，因为演进关系，将接入网部分称为演进的UMTS陆地无线接入网(Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network，E-UTRAN)。在本申请中，LTE的含义与E-UTRAN的含义相同，均指的是4G网络的接入网部分。终端设备可以通过4G基站来接入到LTE。其中，4G基站可以是长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)中的演进型节点B(evolved NodeB，eNB或eNodeB)。
(3)NR：可以理解为第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统的无线接入网。在5G网络中，将接入网部分称为下一代无线接入网(Next Generation Radio Access Network，NG-RAN或NG RAN)。在本申请中，NR的含义与NG-RAN(或称NG RAN)的含义相同，均指的是5G网络的接入网部分。终端设备可以通过5G基站来接入到NR。其中，5G基站可以是新无线(new radio，NR)中的下一代基站(gNodeB，gNB)。NR中的基站还可以称为发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)。
可理解，LTE和NR均为接入网。接入网负责使用某种有线或者无线的联接和通信技术将广大最终用户(End User)一级一级汇接到核心网(也称骨干网)中，实现与网络的连接。接入网是整个网络的边缘部分，与用户距离最近的一部分，通常也叫“最后一公里”。
(4)核心网：主要功能是提供用户连接、对用户的管理以及对业务完成承载，作为承载网络提供到外部网络的接口。用户连接的建立包括移动性管理(MM)、呼叫管理(CM)、交换/路由、录音通知(结合智能网业务完成到智能网外围设备的连接关系)等功能。
可理解，4G网络的核心网为演进的分组核心(evolved packet core，EPC)网络。EPC网络是4G移动通信网络的核心网。它属于核心网范畴，具备用户签约数据存储，移动性管理和数据交换等移动网络的传统能力，并能够给用户提供超高速的上网体验。5G网络的核心网为5G Core(可简称为5GC)。5GC会使用通用的网络功能虚拟化设备来代替4G网络的专用通信设备。
需要说明的是，图3所示的网络架构中的核心网可以由EPC和5GC融合得到。 也就是说，该网络架构中的核心网既可以包括EPC中的网元，又可以包括5GC中的网元。例如，该网络架构中的核心网可以包括接入和移动管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、移动管理节点(mobility management entity，MME)网元、服务网关(serving gateway，SGW)网元、分组数据网络网关(packet data network gateway，PGW)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元、统一数据管理功能(unified data management，UDM)网元和归属用户服务器(home subscriber server，HSS)网元等。
在本申请的一些实施例中，该网络架构中的核心网可以包括由EPC中的网元和5GC中的网元所得的融合网元。例如，SMF+PGW-C，UPF+PGW-U，UDM+HSS等。其中，PGW-C为PGW网元的控制面节点，PGW-U为PGW网元的用户面节点。
在本申请的一些实施例中，图3所示的网络架构中的核心网可以包括代理会话边界控制(proxy session border control，PSBC)网元是一个集会话边界控制(session border control，SBC)、代理呼叫会话控制功能(Proxy-CSCF，P-CSCF)、接入转换控制功能(access transfer control function，ATCF)、接入转换网关(access transfer gateway，ATGW)于一身的合设网元。作为SBC网元时，它连接IMS核心网/软交换网络与外部用户接入区域，完成IMS/软交换用户的业务接入、实现不同网络环境下用户业务的互通、保障IMS/软交换网络安全、支持QoS管理、CAC话务控制、媒体管理、CDR媒体呼叫详单等功能。
核心网中的各个网元也可以称为功能实体，既可以是在专用硬件上实现的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行的软件实例，或者是在适当平台上虚拟化功能的实例。
应理解，本申请中所有网元的名称仅仅作为示例。在未来通信中，如6G中，还可以称为其它名称，或者，在未来通信中，如6G中，本申请涉及的网元还可以通过其它具有相同功能的实体或者设备等来替代，本申请对此均不作限定。这里做统一说明，后续不再赘述。可选的，本申请实施例中的各种网元，可以是通信设备，也可以是可用于该通信设备中的芯片或芯片系统等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可理解，图3所示的网络架构中的核心网还可以包括其他设备、网元、网络实体或网络子系统，如策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元，本申请对此不作限制。需要说明的是，本申请对核心网中各个网元的分布方式不作限制，该分布方式具体可以参考相关技术文档，本申请在此不展开说明。
(5)IMS是一个基于网际互连协议(internet protocol，IP)网络提供语音及多媒体通信业务(例如，语音、视频和文本消息等)的网络体系架构。IMS可在不同网络的不同设备之间实现安全可靠的多媒体通信。架构模型提供了统一的基础结构和通用机制，用于控制、操作、路由和管理会话，以及实现身份验证、授权和记帐控制。IMS规范包含广泛使用的互联网工程任务组(internet engineering task force，IETF)建议。例如，用于会话控制信令的会话初始协议(session initialization protocol，SIP)。
Internet一般指互联网，又称国际网络，指的是网络与网络之间所串连成的庞大网络，这些网络以一组通用的协议相连，形成逻辑上的单一巨大国际网络。从网络通信的角度来看，Internet是一个以传输控制协议(transmission control protocol，TCP)/网间协议连接全球各个国家、各个地区、各个机构计算机网络的数据通信网。
需要说明的是，图3所示的网络架构中不限于仅包括图中所示的设备和网络，还可以包括其它未在图中表示的设备，本申请对此不再一一举例说明。
图2中的网络设备a、网络设备b和网络设备c属于图3中的LTE或NR，例如网络设备a、网络设备b和网络设备c可以为4G基站(例如，eNB)或5G基站(例如，gNB)。图2中的第一小区、第二小区和第三小区可以为LTE小区或NR小区。
请参阅图4，图4为本申请实施例提供的一种语音通话场景示意图。如图4所示，终端设备100可以通过网络设备_1、IMS和网络设备_2来与终端设备200进行语音数据的传输。其中，网络设备_1为终端设备100当前驻留的小区所对应的网络设备，网络设备_2为终端设备200当前驻留的小区所对应的网络设备。在本申请的一些实施例中，网络设备_1和网络设备_2可以为同一个网络设备。在本申请的一些实施例中，终端设备100可以为发起语音通话的一方，以请求与终端设备200进行语音通话。在本申请的又一些实施例中，终端设备200可以为发起语音通话的一方，以请求与终端设备100进行语音通话。
本申请实施例中的网络设备可以是用于与终端设备进行通信的设备，例如，网络设备可以是基站。
图2中的终端设备可以为图4中的终端设备100或终端设备200。图2中的网络设备a、网络设备b和网络设备c可以为图4中的网络设备_1或网络设备_2。图2中的第一小区、第二小区和第三小区可以为网络设备_1或网络设备_2覆盖的小区。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码多分址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)、LTE系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)系统、通用移动通信(universal mobile telecommunications system，UMTS)系统、增强型数据速率GSM演进(enhanced data rate for GSM evolution，EDGE)系统、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)系统。本申请实施例的技术方案还可以应用于其他通信系统，例如公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)系统等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
本申请实施例中的终端设备也可以称为终端(terminal)、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、用户终端、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等。终端设备可以为手持终端、笔记本电脑、用户单元(Subscriber Unit)、蜂窝电话(Cellular Phone)、智能电话(Smart Phone)、无线数据卡、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)电脑、平板型电脑、无线调制解调器(modem)、手持设备(handheld)、膝上型电脑(Laptop Computer)、无绳电话(Cordless Phone)或者无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)台、机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)终端，可穿戴设备(例如智能手表、智能手环、计步器等)，车载设备(例如，汽车、自行车、电动车、飞机、船舶、火车、高铁等)、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)设备、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)设备、工业控制(Industrial Control)中的无线终端、智能家居设备(例如，冰箱、电视、空调、电表等)、智能机器人、 车间设备、无人驾驶(Self Driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(Remote Medical Surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(Smart Grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(Transportation Safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(Smart City)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(Smart Home)中的无线终端、飞行设备(例如，智能机器人、无人机)或5G网络或者未来通信网络中的无线终端等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例中的网络设备可以是用于与终端设备进行通信的设备，例如，网络设备可以是GSM系统或CDMA中的基站(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是WCDMA系统中的基站(NodeB，NB)，还可以是LTE系统中的eNB或eNodeB，还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器，或者该网络设备可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备以及未来5G网络或5G之后的网络中的网络设备或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的网络设备等，例如，NR系统中传输点(TRP或TP)、NR系统中的基站(gNB)、5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可选的，本申请实施例中的基站可以包括各种形式的基站，例如：宏基站、微基站(也称为小站)、中继站、接入点、gNB、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心以及设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)、车辆外联(vehicle-to-everything，V2X)、机器到机器(machine-to-machine，M2M)通信中承担基站功能的设备等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例并未对本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体的具体结构特别限定，只要能够通过运行记录有本申请实施例的提供的方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例提供的方法进行通信即可。例如，本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体可以是终端设备或网络设备，或者是终端设备或网络设备中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。其中，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；文本中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，另外，在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。
应当理解，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
为了便于理解，以下结合附图对本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法进行具体介绍。
如图5所示，本申请实施例提供一种随机接入方法，包括：
501、终端设备驻留在第一小区上进行第一业务。
即终端设备的当前服务小区为第一小区。第一小区也可以称为终端设备的原小区/源小区。
终端设备可以驻留在第一小区上进行第一业务。第一业务可以包括语音业务或数据业务。语音业务包括电话业务(例如，拔打电话)。数据业务可以包括网页浏览、在线游戏或视频/短视频播放等业务，本申请不做具体限定。
在一些实施例中，当第一小区的信号强度低于预设门限时，终端设备可以向第一小区对应的网络设备上报A2事件，以便网络设备为用户配置用于切换的事件。
其中，用于切换的事件可以包括以下事件：
A3事件：表示邻小区的信号质量好于第一小区，用于决定终端设备是否切换到邻小区。
A4事件：表示邻小区的信号质量好于绝对门限，用于决定终端设备是否切换到邻小区。
A5事件：表示第一小区的信号质量差于绝对门限1并且邻小区的信号质量好于绝对门限2，用于决定终端设备是否切换到邻小区。
其中，A3-A5事件是LTE系统或NR系统用于进行同系统测量的三种事件。
B1事件：表示邻小区的信号质量比绝对门限好，用于测量高优先级的RAT小区。
B2事件：表示第一小区的信号质量比绝对门限1差，邻小区的信号质量比绝对门限2好，用于相同或者低优先级的RAT小区测量。
其中，B1事件与B2事件是LTE系统或NR系统用于进行异系统测量的两种事件。
终端设备处于连接态时，第一小区对应的网络设备(例如，基站)可以向终端设备配置用于切换的事件(例如，A3事件、A4事件、A5事件、B1事件、B2事件等)。终端设备根据配置的事件向第一小区对应的网络设备上报测量结果。第一小区对应的网络设备可以根据测量结果向终端设备发送RRC连接重配置消息，以指示终端设备切换到第二小区。
502、终端设备接收第一小区对应的网络设备发送的RRC连接重配置消息。
终端设备在驻留第一小区的情况下，可以接收网络设备a发送的RRC连接重配置消息(RRC Connection Reconfiguration)。其中，网络设备a为第一小区对应的网络设备(第一网络设备)，例如可以为基站。
其中，RRC连接重配置消息中携带第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备切换到第二小区。第二小区可以称为终端设备的目标小区。为了与下述的第三小区(步骤511涉及的第三小区)进行区分，第二小区可以称为终端设备的目标小区1，下述的第三小区可以称为终端设备的目标小区2。
其中，第一信息可以包括mobilityControlInfo信元。mobilityControlInfo信元用于指示终端设备切换到第二小区。
示例性的，mobilityControlInfo信元可以包括第二小区的ID，载波频率，带宽，终端设备的标识，以及各个物理信道的参数等字段。
在一些实施例中，终端设备在驻留第一小区进行第一业务(例如，语音业务或数据业务)的情况下，可以接收来自第一小区对应的网络设备的RRC连接重配置消息。
在一些实施例中，终端设备在驻留第一小区的情况下，终端设备可以处于高速移动状态。终端设备处于高速移动状态包括终端设备在预设时间段的位移大于第一预设阈值，和/或，终端设备在预设时间段的平均速度/加速度大于第二预设阈值。
示例性的，终端设备可以通过加速度传感器侦测终端设备在水平方向上的加速度/速度。终端设备可以通过定位系统(GPS或北斗系统)获取终端设备的地理位置，根据不同时刻的地理位置确定终端设备的位移。
在一种可能的情况中，终端设备根据加速度传感器采集的数据判断终端设备的状态可能造成误判。例如，若终端设备在匀速直线运动，加速度传感器侦测到终端设备在水平方向上的加速度为0，则无法准确判断终端设备的状态。这种情况下，终端设备可以同时通过加速度传感器和定位系统确定终端设备是否处于高速移动状态。例如，在检测出近一段时间定位系统输出数据变化较大，且加速度值为零或小于阈值时，判定终端设备为处于高速移动状态。
在一些实施例中，第一小区为高铁小区或地铁小区。
其中，高铁小区也可以称为高铁通信小区，是指覆盖高铁轨道的小区。地铁小区也可以称为地铁通信小区，是指覆盖地铁隧道的小区。
在一些实施例中，终端设备可以通过SIB消息(例如，SIB2)中的highSpeedFlag字段确定小区(例如，第一小区)是否为LTE高铁小区。或者，终端设备可以通过SIB消息(例如，SIB1)中的highSpeedMeasFlag字段确定小区是否为NR高铁小区。
在另一些实施例中，终端设备可以通过定位系统(例如，GPS或北斗系统)获取第一小区的地理位置信息(例如，经纬度信息)，根据第一小区的地理位置信息确定第一小区是否为高铁小区或地铁小区。例如，终端设备可以将第一小区的地理位置信息与高铁线路或地铁线路对应的地理位置信息进行对比，若第一小区的地理位置信息与高铁线路或地铁线路对应的地理位置信息匹配(即高铁线路或地铁线路对应的地理位置信息包含第一小区的地理位置信息)，确定第一小区为高铁小区或地铁小区。其中，高铁线路或地铁线路对应的地理位置信息可以是终端设备从网络设备获取的，或者可以是提前存储在终端设备中的，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
在一些实施例中，终端设备切换到第二小区前/后，终端设备可以处于高速移动状态。
在一些实施例中，第二小区为高铁小区或地铁小区。终端设备识别第二小区是否为高铁小区或地铁小区的方法可以参考终端设备识别第一小区是否为高铁小区或地铁小区的方法，在此不做赘述。
在一些实施例中，第一小区为LTE小区，第二小区为LTE小区；或者，第一小区为NR小区，第二小区为NR小区。也即，终端设备从第一小区切换到第二小区可以是同系统小区切换。在另一些实施例中，第一小区为LTE小区，第二小区为NR小区；或者，第一小区为NR小区，第二小区为LTE小区。也即，终端设备从第一小区切换到第二小区可以是异系统小区切换。
503、终端设备向第二小区对应的网络设备发送随机接入前导码。
终端设备可以根据RRC连接重配置消息中的第一信息向网络设备b(第二网络设备)发送随机接入前导码。网络设备b是第二小区对应的网络设备。
其中，随机接入前导码可以称为Msg1(message 1，即消息1)，也可以简称为前导码，本申请对此不做具体限定。
终端设备可以根据前导码关联参数发送随机接入前导码。其中，前导码关联参数包括前导码目标接收功率(PREAMBLE RECEIVED TARGET POWER)，前导码传输计数器(PREAMBLE TRANSMISSION COUNTER)和前导码功率增量计数器(PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING COUNTER)等。前导码关联参数可以是通过高层信令配置的。
终端设备根据前导码传输计数器确定是否发送随机接入前导码。例如，终端设备确定前导码传输计数器的值是否小于预设的最大值，若小于最大值，终端设备可以发送随机接入前导码。
若终端设备确定发送随机接入前导码，终端设备可以根据前导码目标接收功率和前导码功率增量计数器的值确定随机接入前导码的发送功率。
示例性的，随机接入前导码的发送功率可以由式(1)确定：
PPRACH，b，f，c(i)＝min{PCMAX，f，c(i)，PPRACH，target，f，c+PLb，f，c}     式(1)
其中，PPRAC，Hb，f，c(i)为终端设备在传输时间单元i的最大发送功率，PPRACH，target，f，c为第一前导目标接收功率，PLb，f，c为根据下行参考信号估计的路径损耗，b表示BWP序号，f表示载波序号，c表示服务小区的序号。
其中，PPRACH，target，f，c＝preambleReceivedTargetPower+DELTA PREAMBLE+(PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING COUNTER–1)×PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING STEP
其中，preambleReceivedTargetPower为随机接入前导码的初始目标接收功率。DELTA PREAMBLE是由随机接入前导码的格式或者由随机接入前导码的格式和子载波间隔决定的功率增量。PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING COUNTER为前导码功率增量计数器，用于表征随机接入前导码重传的功率增量次数，该值是由随机接入前导码的重传次数基于发送侧滤波系数或者随机接入前导码关联的下行路损参考信号资源(SSB或者CSI-RS)是否变化来确定的。PREAMBLE POWER RAMPING STEP是功率增量间隔。
504、第二小区对应的网络设备向终端设备发送随机接入响应消息。
第二小区对应的网络设备可以在相应的PRACH资源上接收终端设备发送的随机接入前导码。
第二小区对应的网络设备接收到终端设备发送的随机接入前导码后，可以根据随机接入前导码计算终端设备对应的时间提前量(timing advance，TA)值。
其中，TA值用于向终端设备指示在物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)，物理上行控制信道(physical uplink Control channel，PUCCH)以及发送探测参考信号(sounding reference signal，SRS)时需调整的时间提前量。
可以理解的是，无线通信系统中，上行帧通过UE发送给网络设备(例如，基站)，下行帧由网络设备向UE传输。为了保证上行帧与下行帧在时域上同步，需对终端设备的上行帧的发送时间进行调整。可以通过TA值调整终端设备的上行帧的发送时间，以保证上行帧与下行帧达到时域同步。
网络设备可以向终端设备发送随机接入响应(random access response，RAR)消息。随机接入响应消息也可以称为Msg2(message 2，消息2)。随机接入响应消息中可以包括TA值。
如图6所示，TA值可以携带在RAR消息中的定时提前命令(timing advance command，TAC)字段中，TAC字段包括12比特(bits)。TA值的取值范围可以为0～3846。
可选的，RAR消息中还可以包括临时小区无线网络临时标识(temporary cell radio network temporary identity，TC-RNTI)以及上行调度(UL(uplink)grant)等信息，本申请不做限定。
505、终端设备确定随机接入响应消息中携带的TA值是否大于第一预设门限。
终端设备接收第二小区对应的网络设备发送的随机接入响应消息(Msg2)后，可以解析Msg2得到TA值，并判断Msg2中携带的TA值是否大于第一预设门限。
由于终端设备驻留在高铁小区或地铁小区(即终端设备的原小区是高铁小区或地铁小区)时，终端设备通常处于高速移动状态，终端设备与目标小区(目标小区1，即第二小区)的网络设备之间的距离会在短时间内发生较大变化。由此导致第二小区的网络设备计算终端设备的TA值时可能产生较大误差(即发生异常)。例如，第二小区的网络设备计算出的终端设备的TA值过大(例如，TA值大于第一预设阈值)。如果终端设备在第二小区使用该过大TA值发送上行数据，可能出现终端设备在目标小区发送的上行数据网侧无法正常解码的问题，导致终端设备的上行误码率过高，影响终端设备正常业务(例如，可能导致终端设备正在进行的通话没有声音)，降低了用户体验。因此，当终端设备驻留在高铁小区或地铁小区上时，即第一小区为高铁小区或地铁小区时，对于触发原因为小区切换的随机接入过程，终端设备可以增加对于Msg2中TA值的校验。即判断随机接入响应消息中携带的TA值是否大于第一预设门限。如果TA值大于第一预设门限，可以执行步骤506。如果TA值小于或等于第一预设门限，可以执行步骤507。
506、在TA值大于第一预设门限的情况下，终端设备向第二小区对应的网络设备重发随机接入前导码。
在TA值大于第一预设门限的情况下，终端设备可以丢弃第二小区对应的网络设备发送的随机接入响应消息(Msg2)，向第二小区对应的网络设备重发随机接入前导码。这种情况可以理解为，终端设备忽略了第二小区对应的网络设备第一次下发的Msg2中过大的TA值(即大于第一预设门限的TA值)，重新向第二小区对应的网络设备请求TA值。
由于Msg2中携带的TA值过大为概率性现象，为了降低Msg2中携带的TA值过大的概率，终端设备可以忽略掉接收到的过大的TA值，重发Msg1以请求新的TA值，以便获取到正常的TA值。使得终端设备可以根据正常的TA值发送上行帧，从而避免终端设备持续的上行高误码率问题，避免影响语音业务或数据业务，提高用户体验。其中，正常的TA值即处于合理取值区间的TA值，例如，正常的TA值小于或等于第一预设门限。
507、在TA值小于或等于第一预设门限的情况下，终端设备向第二小区对应的网 络设备发送RRC连接重配置完成消息。
在随机接入响应消息(Msg2)中携带的TA值小于或等于第一预设门限的情况下，终端设备无需丢弃随机接入响应消息(Msg2)。终端设备可以向第二小区对应的网络设备发送RRC连接重配置完成(RRC Connection Reconfiguration complete)消息。RRC连接重配置完成消息可以表示终端设备已经完成随机接入过程。
由于TA值小于或等于第一预设门限时，认为TA值处于合理取值区间(即TA值为正常的TA值)。这样，终端设备可以根据正常的TA值发送上行帧，从而避免终端设备持续的上行高误码率问题，避免影响语音业务或数据业务，可以提高用户体验。
本申请实施例中，步骤506之后，还可以包括步骤508。
508、第二小区对应的网络设备向终端设备发送随机接入响应消息。
第二小区对应的网络设备接收到终端设备第一次重发的随机接入前导码(即步骤506中终端设备发送的随机前导码)后，可以向终端设备重发随机接入响应消息。
第二小区对应的网络设备向终端设备重发随机接入响应消息后，终端设备接收到该重发的随机接入响应消息后，若确定该重发的随机接入响应消息中携带的TA值大于第一预设门限的情况下，可以再次执行步骤506。步骤506和步骤508可以循环执行N次，N为大于或等于1的整数。
这样，终端设备通过多次(例如，N次)忽略掉接收到的过大的TA值，重发Msg1以请求新的TA值，以便获取到正常的TA值。使得终端设备可以根据正常的TA值发送上行帧，从而避免终端设备持续的上行高误码问题，避免影响语音业务或数据业务，提高用户体验。
509、在终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，接收到来自第二小区对应的网络设备的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，终端设备不再向第二小区对应的网络设备重发随机接入前导码。
示例性的，假设N为2，步骤505中，若终端设备确定随机接入响应消息中携带的TA值大于第一预设门限，终端设备可以向第二小区对应的网络设备第一次重发随机接入前导码(例如，前导码1)。网络设备接收到终端设备第一次重发的随机接入前导码(例如，前导码1)后，可以向终端设备重发随机接入响应消息(例如，随机接入响应消息1)。终端设备接收到该随机接入响应消息(例如，随机接入响应消息1)后，若确定随机接入响应消息中携带的TA值大于第二预设门限，可以向第二小区对应的网络设备第二次重发随机接入前导码(例如，前导码2)。网络设备接收到终端设备第二次重发的随机接入前导码后，可以向终端设备重发随机接入响应消息(例如，随机接入响应消息2)。终端设备接收到该随机接入响应消息(例如，随机接入响应消息2)后，若确定随机接入响应消息中携带的TA值大于第二预设门限，不再向第二小区对应的网络设备第三次重发随机接入前导码。
如此一来，可以兼容终端设备在第二小区实际所需的TA值本身就较大(例如，终端设备在第二小区实际所需的TA值应该大于第二预设阈值)的场景，即终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，接收到来自第二小区对应的网络设备的随机接入响应消息中的TA值仍然大于第二预设门限的情况下，可以不再忽略该较大的TA值。并在后续的上行传输过程中根据该较大的TA值调整上行帧的发送时机。
在一些实施例中，终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，接收到第二小区对应的网络设备发送的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，终端设备可以记录终端设备在第二小区接收到过大的TA值(TA值大于第一预设门限或第二预设门限)与第二小区的对应关系。如此，当终端设备下次要切换到该第二小区时，可以直接采用第二小区对应的网络设备指示的过大TA值，无需频繁重发随机接入前导码。这样，不仅可以兼容终端设备在第二小区实际所需的TA值本身就较大(例如，终端设备在第二小区实际所需的TA值应该大于第二预设阈值)的场景，还可以节省信息交互时间，且可以避免后续终端设备发送的上行数据网侧无法正常解码的问题，避免影响终端设备正常业务。
在一些实施例中，第二预设门限的值可以和第一预设门限的值相同；在另一些实施例中，第二预设门限的值可以和第一预设门限的值不同。
终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，终端设备可以向第二小区对应的网络设备发送RRC连接重配置完成消息。RRC连接重配置完成消息可以表示终端设备已经完成随机接入过程。
可选的，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括以下步骤：
510、终端设备确定第二小区发生RLF。
在一些实施例中，终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，接收到第二小区对应的网络设备发送的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，终端设备确定第二小区发生无线链路失败(radio link failure，RLF)。此种情况下，终端设备可以进行小区重选。例如，终端设备可以重选到第三小区。第三小区可以称为目标小区2。
在一些实施例中，终端设备第N次重发随机接入前导码后，接收到第二小区对应的网络设备发送的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，终端设备向第二小区对应的网络设备发送RRC连接重配置完成消息以完成随机接入过程。而后，终端设备与第二小区在通信过程中，可以根据该较大的TA值(即大于第二预设门限的TA值)调整上行帧的发送时机。终端设备与第二小区通信过程中，终端设备可能发生RLF。例如，若终端设备在第二小区发生上行高误码问题，即终端设备的上行误码率(在第二小区发送的上行数据的误码率(bit error ratio，BER))超过第三预设阈值，则终端设备确定第二小区发生RLF。
其中，上行误码率是衡量上行数据在规定时间内数据传输精确性的指标。上行误码率＝上行传输中的误码/上行传输所传输的总码数*100％。
在另一些实施例中，终端设备可以基于RLC重传次数、同步(in sync或者in synchronization，IS)/失步(Out of sync或者Out of synchronization，OoS)指示、终端设备发送业务数据的失败次数、随机接入(Random Access)结果、小区切换结果以及RRC重配置结果来判断终端设备和第二小区之间的链路是否发生RLF。
例如，若终端设备在终端设备和第二小区之间的链路上的RLC重传次数达到RLC重传最大次数，则认为第二小区发生RLF。再例如，若在终端设备和第二小区之间的链路上，终端设备在预设时间段内收到连续的预设个数的OoS的指示，且在定时器310(定时器T310是检测到连续的预设个数(例如，N310次)的OoS时被启动的)超时 前仍未恢复，则认为第二小区发生RLF。再例如，若终端设备在预设时间段内向第二小区发送业务数据的失败次数大于或等于预设失败次数，则终端设备认为第二小区发生RLF。再例如，若发生随机接入失败，终端设备认为第二小区发生RLF。再例如，若发生切换失败(handover failure)，即在定时器T304(定时器T304是终端设备接收了RRC Connection Reconfiugration命令而且准备Handover时被启动的)超时前，终端设备不能成功接入第二小区，终端设备认为第二小区发生RLF。再例如，若RRC重配置失败，终端设备认为第二小区发生RLF。其中，预设时间、预设失败次数、预设个数可以根据需要进行设置，可以是协议约定的或网络设备配置的，本申请不予限制。
其中，第二小区发生RLF可以指终端设备与第二小区或第二小区对应的网络设备之间无法正常进行数据传输，如上行数据传输和/或下行数据传输失败。
511、终端设备通过RRC重建立流程与第三小区对应的网络设备建立RRC连接。
终端设备确定第二小区发生RLF后，终端设备可以确定新的目标小区(目标小区2，即第三小区)，并与第三小区对应的网络设备建立RRC连接。由于终端设备处于连接态，因此可以通过RRC重建立流程与第三小区对应的网络设备建立RRC连接。
在一些实施例中，终端设备可以将至少一个候选小区(UE搜索到的小区)中满足S准则的小区作为第三小区。其中，S准则可以用于选择RRC重建立小区。需要说明的是，S准则还可以替换为其他能够选择出RRC重建立小区的准则等，本申请不予限制。
示例性的，终端设备将至少一个候选小区(UE搜索到的小区)中满足S准则的小区作为第三小区可以包括：终端设备判断至少一个候选小区是否满足S准则，得到满足S准则的一个或者多个小区；若满足S准则的小区为一个，则将该满足S准则的小区作为第三小区。或者，将满足S准则的多个小区中信号(例如，RSRP\RSRQ)质量最优(或最高)的小区作为第三小区。
在一些实施例中，第三小区可以为第一小区或第二小区的至少一个相邻小区中的一个。可选的，第三小区为第一小区或第二小区的至少一个相邻小区中信号最强的小区。
在一些实施例中，第三小区为高铁小区或地铁小区。
在一些实施例中，第三小区可以为LTE小区或NR小区。
终端设备通过RRC重建立流程与第三小区对应的网络设备建立RRC连接包括：终端设备向第三小区发送RRC重建立请求(RRC restablishment request)消息，该RRC重建立请求消息可以用于请求与第三小区对应的网络设备之间建立RRC连接。若第三小区对应的网络设备接受终端设备发送的RRC重建立请求消息，则第三小区对应的网络设备向终端设备发送RRC重建立消息(RRC re-establishment)。终端设备接收RRC重建立消息，与第三小区对应的网络设备之间建立RRC连接。终端设备与第三小区对应的网络设备建立起RRC连接后，向第三小区对应的网络设备发送RRC重建立完成消息。
示例性的，RRC重建立请求(RRC connection reestablishment request或者RRC connection reestablishment request)可以由第一终端设备的RRC层生成，第一终端设备的RRC层和无线接入网设备的RRC层对应。
终端设备与第三小区对应的网络设备建立RRC连接后，可以通过该RRC连接继续进行步骤501所提及的第一业务。
基于本申请实施例提供的方法，终端设备可以重发Msg1以请求新的TA值，忽略掉接收到的过大的TA值，以便获取到正常的TA值。可以避免网侧下发过大TA值导致影响终端设备正在进行的业务(例如，语音业务或数据业务)的问题，可以提高用户体验。
现有的技术使得终端(终端设备)在一些场景下，在LTE的小区上收到网侧的切换命令，开始在目标小区上发起随机接入，发送Msg1后，收到网侧的Msg2，成功接入了目标小区。但终端后续发送的上行数据网侧无法正常解码，影响终端正常业务(如可能导致终端正在进行的通话无声)。
申请人在研究中发现，终端设备在现网高铁场景下，在小区切换的随机接入时，网侧如果下发了异常大的TA值，则会导致终端设备接入该小区后持续上行高误码，影响语音质量或数据业务。例如，用户在高铁上突然出现通话无声掉话现象。
终端设备在高铁场景下，在LTE的高铁小区上收到网侧的切换命令，开始在目标小区上发起随机接入，发送Msg1后，收到网侧的Msg2，成功接入了目标小区。但Msg2中携带的TA值极大，导致终端设备后续发送的上行数据网侧无法正常解码，影响终端设备正常业务。
申请人经过研究发现，产生上述问题的原因包括以下两点：
1.高速移动场景下，网侧收到Msg1后会概率性地出现对TA值的估计有偏差的现象，造成在Msg2中携带的TA值过大。
2.终端设备在目标小区使用过大的TA值，会造成时域上存在较大偏移，影响网侧解码上行数据，造成终端设备持续的上行高误码。
本申请实施例提供一种提高终端设备性能的方法，由于网侧TA值估计过大为概率性现象，故而终端设备可以忽略掉收到的过大TA值并重发Msg1以解决此问题或降低此问题出现的概率。
本申请实施例提供一种提高终端设备性能的方法，可以包括以下内容：
1)在高铁小区上，对触发原因为小区切换的随机接入过程，终端设备可以增加对于Msg2中TA值的校验。如图7所示，终端(例如，UE)从原小区接收到RRC连接重配置消息后，可以根据RRC连接重配置消息在目标小区上发起随机接入，即可以向目标小区对应的网络设备发送Msg1。目标小区对应的网络设备接收到终端设备发送的随机接入前导码后，可以根据Msg1计算TA值，并可以向终端发送携带该TA值的Msg2。如果Msg2中TA值大于预设门限，则终端可以丢弃掉Msg2(这种情况下可以理解为忽略了Msg2中过大的TA值)，立即重发Msg1。
进一步的，终端重发Msg1之后，可以接收网络侧重发的Msg2，如果Msg2中TA值仍大于预设门限，终端设备可以继续丢弃掉Msg2并重发Msg1。
在一种可选的实施方式中，终端可以一直重发Msg1，直到接收到的Msg2中携带的TA值小于或等于预设门限。而后，终端可以向目标小区发送RRC连接重配置完成消息。
Msg1(message 1，消息1)、Msg2(message 2，消息2)均是随机接入过程中涉 及的消息。在随机接入过程中，Msg2中有个重要参数，那就是TA(timing advance，时间提前量)。网络侧(如，基站)接收到Msg1后根据Msg1计算上行TA。终端设备收到随机接入响应消息(Msg2)后，可以根据Msg2中携带的TA值来调整上行发送时机。
2)进一步可选地，为了兼容实际所需TA值本身就很大的场景，如果终端设备多次收到的TA值依旧过大，终端设备可以不再忽略收到的Msg2中过大的TA值。如图8所示，如果终端设备多次重发Msg1(以图8所示为例，假设终端设备重发了两次Msg1)后收到的Msg2中的TA值依旧过大(如大于预设门限，多次收到的Msg2中的TA值的预设门限可以相同或不同)，则终端设备可以不再忽略收到的Msg2中过大的TA值，即终端设备可以不再重发Msg1，而根据Msg2(如可以是最近一次收到的Msg2)成功接入目标小区。终端可以向目标小区发送RRC连接重配置完成消息。
基于本申请实施例提供的方法，可以解决网侧下发过大TA值导致的高误码从而语音无声/数据不可用问题，改善用户体验。
终端设备的一种硬件结构如图9所示，可以包括：处理器，外部存储器接口，内部存储器，通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus，USB)接口，充电管理模块，电源管理模块，电池，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块，无线通信模块，传感器模块，按键，马达，指示器，摄像头，显示屏，以及SIM卡卡槽等。其中音频模块可以包括扬声器，受话器，麦克风，耳机接口等，传感器模块可以包括压力传感器，陀螺仪传感器，气压传感器，磁传感器，加速度传感器，距离传感器，接近光传感器，指纹传感器，温度传感器，触摸传感器，环境光传感器，骨传导传感器等。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对终端设备的具体限定。在另一些实施例中，终端设备可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
其中，处理器可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器可以包括应用处理器(Application Processor，AP)，调制解调处理器(Modem，也可称之为基带处理器)，图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(Image Signal Processor，ISP)，控制器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)，和/或神经网络处理器(Neural-network Processing Unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。处理器是终端设备的神经中枢和指挥中心，控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。
终端设备的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块，无线通信模块，以及Modem等实现。在一些实施例中，终端设备的天线1和移动通信模块耦合，天线2和无线通信模块耦合，使得终端设备可以通过无线通信技术与网络侧设备以及其他终端设备通信。
另外，在上述部件之上，运行有操作系统。例如iOS操作系统，Android开源操作系统，Windows操作系统等。
终端设备的操作系统可以采用分层架构，事件驱动架构，微核架构，微服务架构， 或云架构。本申请实施例以分层架构的Android系统为例，示例性说明终端设备的软硬件结构。需要说明的是，本申请实施例虽然以Android系统为例进行说明，但是其基本原理同样适用于基于iOS或Windows等操作系统的终端设备。
图10是终端设备的软件结构示意图。软件结构采用分层架构，分层架构将软件分成若干个层，每一层都有清晰的角色和分工。层与层之间通过软件接口通信。以Android系统，Android系统运行在AP上为例，在一些实施例中，将Android系统分为五层，从上至下分别为应用程序层，应用程序框架层(Framework)，安卓运行时(Android runtime)和系统库，硬件抽象层(HAL)以及系统内核层(Kernel)。
其中，应用程序层可以包括一系列应用程序包。应用程序包可以包括相机，图库，日历，通话，地图，WLAN，蓝牙，音乐，视频，短信息等APP，应用程序层还可以包括systemUI(系统UI)，systemUI用于显示终端设备的界面，如显示SIM卡对应的信号图标、显示通话界面等。应用程序框架层为应用程序层的应用程序提供应用编程接口(Application Programming Interface，API)和编程框架。应用程序框架层包括一些预先定义的函数。例如应用程序框架层可以包括窗口管理器，内容提供器，视图系统，电话管理器，资源管理器，通知管理器等。电话管理器(telephony)用于提供终端设备的通话功能，例如通话状态的管理(包括接通，挂断等)。应用程序框架层还可以包括无线通信接口层(Radio Interface Layer，RIL)，调制解调处理器(Modem)可以通过RIL与telephony进行信息交互。
Modem可以包括非接入层(Non-Access Stratum，NAS)层、无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)层、分组数据汇聚协议(Packet Data Convergence Protocol，PDCP)层、无线链路层控制协议(Radio Link Control，RLC)层、介质访问控制(Medium Access Control Layer，MAC)层和物理(Physical，PHY)层。前述各层可以是软件模块。Modem可以通过天线与基站进行交互。
此外，本申请的一些实施例提供一种终端设备，终端设备包括：一个或多个处理器以及存储器；存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当一个或多个处理器执行计算机指令时，使得终端设备执行下述的随机接入方法。
本申请的一些实施例提供一种芯片系统，应用于终端设备，芯片系统包括至少一个处理器以及接口，接口用于接收指令，并传输至至少一个处理器；至少一个处理器运行指令使得终端设备执行下述的随机接入方法。其中，芯片系统可以是Modem，或包括Modem的片上系统(System on Chip，Soc)，上述方法可以由一个Modem实施。
本申请的一些实施例的方法可以是由终端设备的Modem实现的。
例如，Modem可以通过天线发送Msg1以及接收Msg2，Modem可以判断Msg2中携带的TA值是否大于第一预设门限。若Msg2中携带的TA值大于第一预设门限，Modem可以通过天线重发Msg1。
在Modem第N次重发Msg1后，接收到的Msg2中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，Modem可以不再重发Msg1。
本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，如图11所示，该芯片系统包括至少一个处理器1101和至少一个接口电路1102。处理器1101和接口电路1102可通过线路互联。例如，接口电路1102可用于从其它装置(例如，终端设备的存储器)接收信号。又例 如，接口电路1102可用于向其它装置(例如处理器1101)发送信号。
例如，接口电路1102可读取终端设备中存储器中存储的指令，并将该指令发送给处理器1101。当所述指令被处理器1101执行时，可使得终端设备(如图9所示的终端设备)执行上述实施例中的各个步骤。
当然，该芯片系统还可以包含其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在终端设备(如图9所示的终端设备)上运行时，使得终端设备执行上述方法实施例中终端设备(例如，UE)执行的各个功能或者步骤。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行上述方法实施例中终端设备执行的各个功能或者步骤。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，所述处理装置可以按照功能划分为不同的逻辑单元或模块，各单元或模块执行不同的功能，以使得所述处理装置执行上述方法实施例中终端设备执行的各个功能或者步骤。
通过以上实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个装置，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是一个物理单元或多个物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个不同地方。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。以上内容，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备发送随机接入前导码；
    所述终端设备接收随机接入响应消息，所述随机接入响应消息中携带时间提前量TA值；
    在所述TA值大于第一预设门限的情况下，所述终端设备重发所述随机接入前导码。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述终端设备第N次重发所述随机接入前导码后，接收到的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，所述终端设备不再重发所述随机接入前导码；其中，N为大于或等于1的整数。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备发送随机接入前导码之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备在驻留第一小区的情况下，接收来自第一网络设备的无线资源控制RRC连接重配置消息，所述第一网络设备是所述第一小区对应的网络设备，所述RRC连接重配置消息中携带第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述终端设备切换到第二小区；
    所述终端设备发送随机接入前导码包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述第一信息向第二网络设备发送所述随机接入前导码，所述第二网络设备是所述第二小区对应的网络设备。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述终端设备第N次重发所述随机接入前导码后，接收到的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，所述终端设备向所述第一网络设备发送RRC连接重配置完成消息；
    所述终端设备向所述第一网络设备发送RRC连接重配置完成消息后，所述终端设备确定所述第二小区发生无线链路失败RLF；
    所述终端设备向第三网络设备发送RRC连接重建立消息，所述第三网络设备是第三小区对应的网络设备，所述第三小区与所述第二小区不同。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备确定所述第二小区发生无线链路失败RLF包括：
    所述终端设备确定所述终端设备在所述第二小区的上行误码率超过第三预设阈值。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述终端设备第N次重发所述随机接入前导码后，接收到的随机接入响应消息中的TA值大于第二预设门限的情况下，所述终端设备确定所述第二小区发生RLF；
    所述终端设备向第三网络设备发送RRC连接重建立消息，所述第三网络设备是第三小区对应的网络设备，所述第三小区与所述第二小区不同。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述终端设备发送所述随机接入前导码时，处于高速移动状态。
  8. 根据权利要求3-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一小区为高铁小区或地铁小区。
  9. 根据权利要求3-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二小区为高铁小区或地铁小区。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备向所述第二网络设备重发所述随机接入前导码包括：
    所述终端设备丢弃所述随机接入响应消息，向所述第二网络设备重发所述随机接入前导码。
  11. 根据权利要求3-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备在驻留第一小区的情况下，接收来自第一网络设备的无线资源控制RRC连接重配置消息，包括：
    所述终端设备在驻留所述第一小区进行第一业务的情况下，接收来自所述第一网络设备的所述RRC连接重配置消息，所述第一业务包括语音业务或数据业务。
  12. 根据权利要求4-11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括以下中的一项或多项：
    所述第三小区为高铁小区或地铁小区；或者，
    所述第一小区为长期演进LTE小区，所述第二小区为LTE小区；或者，
    所述第一小区为新无线NR小区，所述第二小区为NR小区；或者，
    所述第一小区为LTE小区，所述第二小区为NR小区；或者，
    所述第一小区为NR小区，所述第二小区为LTE小区；或者，
    所述第三小区为LTE小区或NR小区。
  13. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备包括：存储器和一个或多个处理器；所述存储器与所述处理器耦合；
    其中，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码包括计算机指令；当所述计算机指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述终端设备执行如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的方法。
  14. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机指令；
    当所述计算机指令在终端设备上运行时，使得所述终端设备执行如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的方法。
  15. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，所述芯片系统包括一个或多个接口电路和一个或多个处理器；所述接口电路和所述处理器通过线路互联；
    所述芯片系统应用于包括通信模块和存储器的终端设备；所述接口电路用于从所述存储器接收信号，并向所述处理器发送所述信号，所述信号包括所述存储器中存储的计算机指令；当所述处理器执行所述计算机指令时，所述终端设备执行如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的方法。
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