WO2022067796A1 - 一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022067796A1
WO2022067796A1 PCT/CN2020/119720 CN2020119720W WO2022067796A1 WO 2022067796 A1 WO2022067796 A1 WO 2022067796A1 CN 2020119720 W CN2020119720 W CN 2020119720W WO 2022067796 A1 WO2022067796 A1 WO 2022067796A1
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Prior art keywords
link
communication device
information
signal
communication
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PCT/CN2020/119720
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
骆喆
周国华
彭金磷
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN202080105493.9A priority Critical patent/CN116250324A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/119720 priority patent/WO2022067796A1/zh
Publication of WO2022067796A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022067796A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method, an apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium.
  • Devices such as terminals and access network devices are generally provided with various hardware and installed with various software.
  • hardware and/or hardware in a device fails, the device may be unable to communicate with other devices, resulting in service interruption. It can be seen that the failure of hardware and/or software cannot guarantee the reliability of service transmission.
  • the embodiments of the present application disclose a communication method, a device, and a computer-readable storage medium, which are used to improve the reliability of service transmission.
  • a first aspect discloses a communication method, which can be applied to a first communication apparatus.
  • the first communication device may be a terminal, or may be a module in the terminal.
  • the first communication apparatus may be an access network device, or may be a module in the access network device.
  • the communication method may include: the first communication device establishes a first link and N backup links, the first link is a service link, and N is a positive integer; when the first link fails, the first communication device The second link sends indication information, and the indication information indicates that the service link is updated to the third link, and the second link and the third link are backup links among the N backup links.
  • the first communication device establishes multiple links, one of which is a service link, and the remaining links are backup links.
  • the service link fails, the service link can be switched to the backup link so that communication can be continued through the backup link, thereby solving the technical problem of low reliability of service transmission caused by hardware and/or software failures in the prior art. Since the first communication device can switch to the backup link after the failure of the service link, the influence on the service transmission due to the failure of the service link can be avoided, thereby improving the reliability of the service transmission.
  • the indication information may include an identifier of the third link, or the resource location of the indication information may be associated with the identifier of the third link.
  • the first communication apparatus may send indication information to the second communication apparatus, and the indication information may include or be associated with an identifier of the third link, which may enable the second communication apparatus to know that the service link is invalid and that the first communication
  • the device tends to select the backup link, so that the service can be quickly and accurately switched to the third link for transmission, thereby improving the reliability of service transmission.
  • the communication method may further include: when the signal quality of the first signal is less than or equal to the first threshold, the first communication apparatus determines that the first link is invalid, and the first signal is associated with the first link identifier, the first signal may be a reference signal, or may be a physical random access channel (physical random access channel, PRACH), and the first signal comes from the second communication device or the third communication device.
  • the first signal may be a reference signal, or may be a physical random access channel (physical random access channel, PRACH), and the first signal comes from the second communication device or the third communication device.
  • the first communication device can use the signal quality to determine whether the link fails, and the complexity is low. Therefore, the determination speed can be increased, and the link switching can be performed quickly, so that the reliability of service transmission can be improved.
  • the communication method may further include: when receiving the first signal fails, the first communication device determines that the first link fails, the first signal is associated with an identifier of the first link, and the first signal is a control Information, physical layer data or high layer data, the first signal comes from the second communication device or the third communication device.
  • the first communication device can use the signal reception failure to determine the link failure, which has high reliability and can not only accurately detect hardware errors, but also detect software errors.
  • the identifier of the first link and the identifier of the third link may be a transmission configuration indicator (TCI), a carrier component (component carrier, CC) identifier, a cell identifier, and a core network context.
  • TCI transmission configuration indicator
  • CC carrier component
  • ID ID of access network device, ID of core network device or ID of terminal.
  • the communication method may further include: the first communication apparatus determines the backup link with the best signal quality among the N backup links as the third link.
  • the first communication device when the service link fails, can switch to the backup link with the best signal quality, which can ensure the reliability of communication, thereby further improving the reliability of service transmission.
  • the communication method may further include: the first communication apparatus determines the backup link with the smallest transmission delay among the N backup links as the second link.
  • the first communication device can send the indication information to the second communication device through the backup link with the smallest transmission delay, which can reduce the transmission time of the indication information, thereby reducing the link switching time and improving the link switching time. efficiency, so that the impact of link failure on services can be reduced, so that the reliability of service transmission can be further improved.
  • a second aspect discloses a communication method, which can be applied to a second communication apparatus.
  • the second communication apparatus may be an access network device, or may be a module in the access network device.
  • the second communication device may be a terminal, or may be a module in the terminal.
  • the second communication apparatus may be a wireless system, may also be an access network device in a wireless system, or may be a module in an access network device in the wireless system.
  • the communication method may include: the second communication device receives indication information from the first communication device through the second link, the indication information indicates that the service link is updated to the third link, and the first communication device has established the first link and N backup links, the first link is a service link, the second link and the third link are backup links in the N backup links, and N is a positive integer; the second communication device determines the third link according to the instruction information.
  • the link is the service link of the first communication device.
  • the second communication apparatus may switch the service link of the first communication apparatus according to the indication information, so that the first communication apparatus can pass
  • the backup link communicates with the second communication device, so that the technical problem of low reliability of service transmission caused by hardware and/or software failures in the prior art can be solved. Since the first communication device can switch to the backup link after the service link fails, the influence on the service transmission can be avoided, thereby improving the reliability of the service transmission.
  • the indication information may include an identifier of the third link, or the resource location of the indication information may be associated with the identifier of the third link.
  • the communication method may further include: the second communication device sends to the first communication device through the first link
  • the first signal the first signal is associated with the identifier of the first link, the first signal is used to determine whether the first link fails, and the first signal is a reference signal, PRACH, control information, physical layer data or high layer data.
  • the identifier of the first link and the identifier of the third link may be TCI, CC, cell identifier, core network context identifier, access network device identifier, core network device identifier or terminal 's identification.
  • different links are configured with different identifiers, which can be backed up at different levels, which can improve the reliability of information.
  • the communication method may further include: the second communication apparatus receives the first information from the first communication apparatus through the third link; and the second communication apparatus sends the first information to the fourth communication apparatus.
  • the communication method may further include: the second communication apparatus receives the second information from the fourth communication apparatus; and the second communication apparatus sends the second information to the first communication apparatus through the third link.
  • the second information carries the first time stamp
  • the second communication device sending the second information to the first communication device through the third link may include: the second communication device according to the first time stamp and the current The time sends the second information to the first communication device over the third link.
  • the second communication device may determine whether the information is time-sensitive according to the time stamp, not send the information when it is determined that the information is time-sensitive, and may send the information when it is determined that the information is time-sensitive, thereby ensuring the timeliness of the information , so that repeated transmission of information can be avoided.
  • the communication method may further include: the second communication device receives third information from the first communication device through the first link, where the third information corresponds to the first identifier;
  • the link receives fourth information from the first communication device, and the fourth information corresponds to the second identification; when the first identification is the same as the second identification, the second communication device discards the third information or the fourth information, or combines the third information and fourth information.
  • a third aspect discloses a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a terminal or a module in the terminal.
  • the communication apparatus may be an access network device, or may be a module in the access network device.
  • the communication device may include:
  • a processing unit configured to establish a first link and N backup links, where the first link is a service link, and N is a positive integer;
  • a transceiver unit configured to send indication information to the second communication device through the second link when the first link fails, the indication information indicating that the service link is updated to a third link, the second link and the third link is a backup link among the N backup links.
  • the indication information includes an identifier of the third link; or, the resource location of the indication information is associated with the identifier of the third link.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine that the first link fails when the signal quality of the first signal is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the first signal is associated with the first The identifier of the link, the first signal is a reference signal or PRACH, and the first signal comes from the second communication device or the third communication device.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine that the first link fails when receiving the first signal fails, the first signal is associated with the identifier of the first link, and the The first signal is control information, physical layer data or high layer data, and the first signal comes from the second communication device or the third communication device.
  • the identifier of the first link and the identifier of the third link are TCI, CC, cell identifier, core network context identifier, access network device identifier, core network device identifier Identity or the identity of the terminal.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine the backup link with the best signal quality among the N backup links as the third link.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine the backup link with the smallest transmission delay among the N backup links as the second link.
  • a fourth aspect discloses a communication apparatus.
  • the communication apparatus may be an access network device or a module in the access network device.
  • the communication device may be a terminal, or may be a module in the terminal.
  • the communication device may be a wireless system, an access network device in a wireless system, or a module in an access network device in a wireless system.
  • the communication device may include:
  • a transceiver unit configured to receive indication information from the first communication device through the second link, the indication information instructing the service link to be updated to a third link, and the first communication device has established the first link and N a backup link, the first link is a service link, the second link and the third link are backup links in the N backup links, and N is a positive integer;
  • a processing unit configured to determine, according to the indication information, that the third link is a service link of the first communication apparatus.
  • the indication information includes the identifier of the third link; or the resource location of the indication information is associated with the identifier of the third link.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send a first signal to the first communication device through the first link before receiving the indication information from the first communication device through the second link , the first signal is associated with the identifier of the first link, the first signal is used to determine whether the first link fails, and the first signal is a reference signal, PRACH, control information, physical layer data or high-level data.
  • the identifier of the first link and the identifier of the third link are TCI, CC, cell identifier, core network context identifier, access network device identifier, core network device identifier Identity or the identity of the terminal.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive the first information from the first communication device through the third link;
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send the first information to the fourth communication device.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive the second information from the fourth communication device;
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send the second information to the first communication device through the third link.
  • the second information carries a first timestamp
  • the sending, by the transceiver unit, the second information to the first communication device through the third link includes:
  • the second information is sent to the first communication device through the third link according to the first time stamp and the current time.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive third information from the first communication device through the first link, where the third information corresponds to the first identifier;
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive fourth information from the first communication device through the third link, where the fourth information corresponds to the second identifier;
  • the processing unit is further configured to discard the third information or the fourth information, or combine the third information and the fourth information when the first identifier is the same as the second identifier.
  • a fifth aspect discloses a communication device, the communication device may include a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit is configured to receive signals from other communication devices other than the communication device and transmit to the processor or send signals from the processor
  • the processor is used to implement the communication method disclosed in the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the first aspect through logic circuits or executing code instructions.
  • a sixth aspect discloses a communication device, the communication device may include a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit is configured to receive signals from other communication devices other than the communication device and transmit to the processor or send signals from the processor
  • the processor is used to implement the communication method disclosed in the second aspect or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect through logic circuits or executing code instructions.
  • a seventh aspect discloses a communication system including the communication device of the fifth aspect and the communication device of the sixth aspect.
  • An eighth aspect discloses a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program or computer instruction is stored thereon, and when the computer program or computer instruction is executed, the communication method disclosed in the above aspects is implemented.
  • a ninth aspect discloses a computer program that, when executed by a communication device, implements the communication method disclosed in the above aspects.
  • a tenth aspect discloses a chip including a processor for executing a program stored in a memory, and when the program is executed, the chip executes the above method.
  • the memory is located off-chip.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • NR 5G new radio
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • URLLC ultra-reliable and low-latency communications
  • the URLLC service has extremely high requirements on transmission delay and reliability.
  • the URLLC service needs to ensure that the transmission reliability is greater than 99.9999% within 1ms delay.
  • URLLC services can be applied to industrial automation, including motion control, communication between controllers, wireless replacement of industrial wired networks, and closed-loop control of processing automation. In industrial automation, URLLC business needs to guarantee 99.9999% reliability for 10 years.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network architecture may include at least one core network device (110 and 111 in FIG. 1 ), at least one access network device (120, 121 and 122 in FIG. 1 ), and at least one terminal ( 130 and 131 in Figure 1).
  • the access network device may include at least one transceiver device, and the access network device 120 in FIG. 1 may include transceiver devices 1200 and 1201 .
  • the terminal can be connected with the access network equipment in a wireless manner, that is, the terminal can be connected with the transceiver equipment in the access network equipment in a wireless manner.
  • the access network equipment can be connected with the core network equipment in a wireless manner or a wired manner.
  • the access network device and the core network device may be independent physical devices.
  • the access network equipment and the core network equipment can also be integrated on the same physical equipment, which can be understood as the functions of the access network equipment and the core network equipment are integrated on the same physical equipment, which can also be understood as a physical equipment. That is, it has the function of the access network equipment and also has the function of the core network equipment.
  • Access network equipment and core network equipment can also integrate some functions on the same physical equipment, and the remaining functions are set on independent physical equipment.
  • a physical equipment integrates some functions of the access network equipment and core network equipment.
  • the function of the remaining part of the access network device is on another physical device
  • the function of the remaining part of the core network device is on another physical device.
  • the location of the terminal can be fixed or mobile.
  • FIG. 1 is only a schematic illustration of the network architecture, and does not constitute a limitation on the network architecture.
  • the network architecture may also include other devices, such as relay devices, backhaul devices, central devices, and the like.
  • the number of terminals, access network devices and core network devices included in the network architecture may be any integer greater than or equal to 1, and the specific number is not limited herein.
  • Terminals and access network equipment can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, hand-held or vehicle-mounted. Can also be deployed on water. It can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons and satellites in the air. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the deployment scenarios of terminals and access network devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be applicable to downlink signal transmission, uplink signal transmission, and device to device (device to device, D2D) signal transmission.
  • the sending device is an access network device, and the corresponding receiving device is a terminal.
  • the sending device is a terminal, and the corresponding receiving device is an access network device.
  • D2D signal transmission the sending device is a terminal, and the corresponding receiving device is also a terminal.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not limit the transmission direction of the signal.
  • Communication between terminals and access network equipment, between terminals and terminals can be carried out through licensed spectrum (licensed spectrum), or through unlicensed spectrum (unlicensed spectrum), and can also communicate through licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum at the same time.
  • Communication between terminals and access network equipment, between terminals and terminals can be performed through the spectrum below 6G, or through the spectrum above 6G, and can also use the spectrum below 6G and the spectrum above 6G for communication at the same time.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not limit the spectrum resources used by the access network device and the terminal.
  • a terminal also known as terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal, etc.
  • the terminal may be a handheld terminal, notebook computer, subscriber unit, cellular phone, smart phone, wireless data card, personal digital assistant, computer, tablet computer, wireless modem, handheld device, laptop computer, cordless telephone, or wireless local loop Stations, machine type communication (MTC) terminals, wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc.), in-vehicle devices (such as cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, High-speed rail, etc.), virtual reality equipment, augmented reality equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, smart home equipment (for example, refrigerators, TVs, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), intelligent robots, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in unmanned driving, remote Wireless terminals in surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation security, wireless terminals in smart cities, or wireless terminals in smart homes, flying equipment (
  • MTC machine type communication
  • Access network equipment is a device that provides wireless access for terminals, and is mainly responsible for functions such as wireless resource management, quality of service (QoS) flow management, data compression, and encryption on the air interface side.
  • the access network equipment may include various forms of base stations, such as: macro base station, micro base station (also called small cell), relay station, evolved NodeB (eNodeB), and next-generation base station (next) in the 5G mobile communication system. generation NodeB, gNB), base stations, access points, etc. in future mobile communication systems.
  • the access network device may also include a WiFi access point (access point, AP).
  • the access network device may also be a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMax) base station (base station, BS).
  • WiMax worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • the access network device may also be a module or unit that completes some functions of the base station, for example, may be a centralized unit (central unit, CU), or may be a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU).
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the access network device.
  • the core network device may be a core network (core network, CN) device corresponding to different devices in different systems.
  • core network core network, CN
  • CN core network
  • SGSN serving GPRS support node
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • GGSN gateway GPRS support node
  • MME mobility management entity
  • S-GW serving gateway
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management function
  • UPF user plane function
  • a link can be understood as an air interface link.
  • the air interface link is a link through which the terminal can perform air interface communication with the access network device.
  • To establish an air interface link it is necessary to maintain the time-frequency synchronization between the terminal and the access network equipment, and to perform operations such as uplink and downlink channel measurement, timing advance (TA), and so on.
  • TA timing advance
  • a cell is a generic name that is described by higher layers from the perspective of resource management or mobility management.
  • the cell serving it may be referred to as a serving cell.
  • the cell involved in this application is the serving cell.
  • the coverage area of each access network device can be divided into one or more cells.
  • One cell can be configured with one downlink carrier.
  • at least one uplink carrier may also be configured.
  • a bandwidth part (BWP) is a part of the bandwidth on a certain carrier of a cell.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the access network device may include at least two transceiver devices (transceive devices 1 and 2 in FIG. 2 ).
  • the terminal can establish multiple links with the access network equipment, one of the multiple links is the service link of the terminal, and the other links except the service link among the multiple links are the backup of the terminal link.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the functions performed by the terminal in this application may also be performed by modules in the terminal, the functions performed by the access network equipment in this application may also be performed by modules in the access network equipment, and in this application, the core network
  • the functions performed by the equipment may also be performed by modules in the core network equipment.
  • the module in the device described in this application may specifically be a chip in the device.
  • the communication method may include the following steps.
  • the terminal establishes a first link and N backup links with an access network device.
  • the terminal can establish N+1 links with the access network device, that is, the first link and N backup links can be established with the access network device.
  • the N+1 links may correspond to N+1 TCIs respectively, that is, one link corresponds to one TCI.
  • the first link is the service link of the terminal, which can be understood as the first link is the current communication link of the terminal, and can also be understood as the link where the terminal and the access network device are currently communicating.
  • the terminal may first establish a communication connection with the access network device. At this time, there is only one link between the terminal and the access network device, that is, the first link.
  • the manner in which the terminal establishes the communication connection with the access network device is the same as the manner in which the existing NR establishes the communication connection, and details are not described here.
  • the configuration information may be sent to the terminal through the first link.
  • the access network device sends configuration information to the terminal when the first condition is satisfied.
  • the first condition may be receiving instruction information for establishing a backup link from a core network device.
  • the access network device may be provided with a function for establishing a backup link, and the first condition may be detection of trigger information such as a start instruction, message, signaling, etc. for starting the function.
  • the trigger information may be sent by the core network device, may also be input by the user, or may be generated by the access network device, which is not limited herein.
  • the configuration information may include TCI corresponding to each link, and may also include information of signals corresponding to each link.
  • the TCI corresponding to each link is used to identify the corresponding link, and it can also be understood that the TCI is the identification of the corresponding link.
  • the signal corresponding to each link is used to measure whether the link is valid.
  • the TCI corresponding to each link may only include the TCI corresponding to the N backup links.
  • the TCI corresponding to each link may include the TCI corresponding to the first link and the TCI corresponding to the N backup links, that is, the links and the TCIs are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the number N of backup links may be configured by a high layer, or may be determined by the access network device according to the channel condition of the terminal.
  • One TCI may correspond to one transceiver device, or may correspond to multiple transceiver devices.
  • the access network device may use the multiple transceiver devices to communicate based on different precoding.
  • the terminal After receiving the configuration information from the access network device, the terminal can establish N backup links with the access network device according to the configuration information.
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the terminal may determine the TCI and signal corresponding to each of the N backup links according to the configuration information.
  • the terminal can perform time-frequency synchronization, channel measurement, TA and other processes based on the N+1 signals corresponding to the N+1 links, so that it can use any TCI to send the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) at any time.
  • PUSCH Physical uplink share channel
  • PDCH physical downlink control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink share channel
  • the access network device establishes an air interface link.
  • Using the TCI to receive the PDCCH/PDSCH refers to using a signal corresponding to the TCI to obtain time-frequency synchronization, downlink channel state information, etc., so as to perform downlink reception.
  • the downlink channel state information may include information such as signal quality, Doppler, beam direction, and beam identifier.
  • Using the TCI to send the corresponding PUCCH/PUSCH refers to using the signal corresponding to the TCI to obtain time-frequency synchronization, the uplink channel information corresponding to the downlink channel corresponding to the TCI, and the like to perform uplink transmission.
  • the uplink channel information may include information such as Doppler, beam direction, and beam identification.
  • the signal quality can be reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ), reference signal receiving power (RSRP), received signal strength indication (RSSI), etc., which can identify the quality of the signal. any information.
  • PUCCH, PUSCH, PDCCH and PDSCH are only examples of the uplink control channel, uplink data channel, downlink control channel and downlink data channel of the physical layer. In different systems, these channels may have different names. This application does not limit this.
  • the terminal determines whether the first link fails, and when the first link fails, step 303 is performed.
  • the access network device After the terminal and the access network device establish the first link and the N backup links, it can be understood that after the access network device receives the confirmation message from the terminal that the establishment of the N backup links is completed, the access network device can pass The first link periodically sends a first signal to the terminal.
  • the first signal is associated with the identifier of the first link, which may be understood as the first signal corresponding to the identifier of the first link, and may also be understood as the first signal corresponding to the TCI corresponding to the first link.
  • the terminal may periodically receive the first signal from the access network device through the first link, and determine whether the first link fails.
  • the first signal may be a channel state information reference signal (channel state information reference signal, CSI-RS), or may be a demodulation reference signal (demodulation reference signal, DMRS).
  • the first signal may be associated with an identification of the first link.
  • the terminal may determine whether the first link fails according to the signal quality of the first signal. When judging that the signal quality of the first signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the terminal can determine that the first link is valid, and can continue to communicate with the access network device through the first link, that is, the terminal can use the first link to communicate with the access network device.
  • the corresponding TCI sends PUCCH/PUSCH or receives PDCCH/PDSCH from access network equipment. When it is determined that the signal quality of the first signal is less than or equal to the first threshold, the terminal may determine that the first link is invalid, and then step 303 may be performed.
  • the signal quality of the first signal may be the signal quality of the first signal received most recently, or may be the signal quality determined according to the signal quality of the first signal received multiple times recently. For example, the average value of the signal quality of the first signal received multiple times recently may be determined as the signal quality of the first signal, or the signal quality of the first signal received multiple times recently may pass through layer 3
  • the filtered value is determined as the signal quality of the above-mentioned first signal.
  • the number of the first signals received multiple times recently may be fixed or may be variable. For example, the first signal received within a recent period of time may be determined as the first signal received multiple times recently.
  • the first signal may be associated with the identifier of the first link, and it may be understood that the first signal is transmitted through the first link.
  • the first signal may be downlink control information (downlink control information, DCI) or physical layer data.
  • the terminal may receive the first signal within the transmission period of the first signal, and when the terminal fails to receive the first signal, it may be determined that the first link is invalid, and then step 303 may be performed. If the terminal fails to receive the first signal, it may be understood that the terminal has not received the first signal, or it may be understood that the terminal has received the first signal, but the decoding fails. When the terminal receives the first signal successfully, it may be determined that the first link is valid, and the first link may continue to be used to communicate with the access network device. If the terminal successfully receives the first signal, it can be understood that the first signal is received and the decoding is successful.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the first signal When the first signal is DCI, the first signal may be carried on the PDCCH. When the first signal is physical layer data, the first signal may be carried on the PDSCH.
  • the terminal sends indication information to the access network device through the second link.
  • the terminal may send indication information to the access network device through the second link.
  • the indication information may indicate that the serving link is updated to the third link, and the second link and the third link are backup links among the N backup links.
  • the second link and the third link may be the same backup link, or may be different backup links.
  • the access network device may receive the indication information from the terminal through the second link.
  • the terminal determines that the first link is invalid, if N is 1, the terminal can directly determine the backup link as the second link and the third link, that is, the second link and the third link are the same backup link link. If N is greater than 1, the terminal may first select the third link from the N backup links. The terminal may first determine whether each link in the N backup links is a valid link. In an implementation manner, after the terminal establishes the first link and N backup links with the access network device, the access network device may periodically send the terminal to the terminal through each of the N backup links. The corresponding signal is sent to the ground, so that the terminal can determine whether the backup link is valid according to the signal corresponding to each backup link.
  • the terminal can quickly determine whether the backup link is valid, thereby improving the link switching efficiency and ensuring the reliability of service transmission. sex.
  • the terminal may send a measurement signal to the access network device through each backup link respectively, and when a response signal for the measurement signal is received within a preset time When , it can be determined that the backup link is valid, and when the response signal for the measurement signal is not received within a preset time, it can be determined that the backup link is invalid.
  • the measurement signal is only sent when necessary to measure the effectiveness of the backup link, the amount of information to be sent can be reduced, thereby saving transmission resources.
  • the terminal determines that only one of the N backup links is valid, it can directly determine the backup link as the second link and the third link, that is, the second link and the third link are the same link.
  • a third link may be selected from the multiple backup links.
  • the terminal can determine the backup link with the best signal quality among the multiple backup links as the third link, or can select any backup link from the multiple backup links as the third link, or set the backup link as the third link.
  • the backup link with the smallest data transmission delay is determined as the third link.
  • the terminal can also set a default backup link.
  • the default backup link When the default backup link is valid, the default backup link can be determined as the third link, which can shorten the link switching time and improve the controllability of service transmission.
  • the terminal When the default backup link is invalid, the terminal can select from the list of remaining backup links, which can be selected in order, or randomly, or according to signal quality, or according to data transmission delay, or according to other The selection method is not limited here.
  • the signal quality and data transmission delay of the backup link may be measured when determining whether the backup link is valid, or may be measured when the backup link is established, or may be measured at other times, which are not added here. limited.
  • the backup link with the smallest transmission delay may be selected as the second link.
  • the backup link with the smallest transmission delay can be understood as the backup link with the smallest delay in transmitting the indication information, or the backup link with the shortest time required to transmit the indication information, and it can also be understood as the earliest indication information can be sent. Backup link to access network equipment.
  • the indication information may include the identifier of the third link, that is, the TCI corresponding to the third link.
  • the resource location of the indication information may be associated with the identifier of the third link, which may be understood as the resource location of the indication information corresponds to the identifier of the third link.
  • different resource positions may be allocated to different backup links in advance, and when the indication information is transmitted on the resource positions corresponding to the third link, it may be determined that the indication information is associated with the identifier of the third link.
  • the indication information may be carried on the PUCCH or on the PRACH.
  • the access network device determines, according to the indication information, that the third link is a service link of the terminal.
  • the access network device may determine that the third link is the service link of the terminal according to the indication information. Afterwards, the access network device can communicate with the terminal through the third link.
  • the terminal may send the first information to the access network device through the first link or the third link.
  • the access network device may forward the first information to the core network device, or may process the first information before sending it to the core network device.
  • the core network device may send the second information to the access network device.
  • the access network device may directly forward the second information to the terminal, or may process the second information and then send it to the terminal.
  • steps 301 to 304 may refer to each other, and are not limited to corresponding steps.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal can establish multiple links with the access network equipment through different component carriers (CCs), and one of the multiple links is the service link of the terminal.
  • CCs component carriers
  • the other links in the road except the service link are the backup links of the terminal.
  • Different links use different CCs.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5 , the communication method may include the following steps.
  • the terminal establishes a first link and N backup links with an access network device.
  • the terminal determines whether the first link fails, and when the first link fails, step 503 is performed.
  • the terminal sends indication information to the access network device through the second link.
  • the access network device determines, according to the indication information, that the third link is a service link of the terminal.
  • steps 501 to 504 are similar to steps 301 to 304 , and for detailed description, reference may be made to steps 301 to 304 .
  • the information used to identify the link in FIG. 3 is TCI
  • the information used to identify the link in FIG. 5 is CC, which may specifically be a CC identifier, That is, CCs correspond to links one-to-one.
  • one CC may correspond to one frequency point.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal can establish links with at least two access network devices (such as access network devices 1 and 2 in FIG. 1 ), and each access network device can correspond to one or more links.
  • One of the links is the service link of the terminal, and the other links in these links except the service link are the backup links of the terminal.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7 , the communication method may include the following steps.
  • the terminal establishes a first link and N backup links with K+1 access network devices.
  • the terminal can establish N+1 links with K+1 access network devices, that is, can establish a first link and N backup links with K+1 access network devices.
  • the first link is the service link of the terminal, which can be understood as the first link is the current communication link of the terminal, and can also be understood as the link where the terminal and the access network device are currently communicating.
  • K is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • One link corresponds to one access network device.
  • An access network device can correspond to one link or multiple links.
  • the terminal may first establish a communication connection with the first access network device among the K+1 access network devices, and at this time, the link between the terminal and the first access network device is the first link.
  • the first access network device may be any access network device among the K+1 access network devices. For the relevant description, reference may be made to the relevant description of establishing a communication connection between the terminal and the access network device in step 301 .
  • the first access network device After the first access network device establishes a communication connection with the terminal, it may send configuration information to the terminal. Optionally, the first access network device sends configuration information to the terminal when the first condition is satisfied. For the specific description of the first condition, reference may be made to the relevant description in 301 .
  • the configuration information may include identifiers of K access network devices other than the first access network device among the K+1 access network devices, and the configuration information may also include information of signals corresponding to each link.
  • the K access network devices and the first access network device are connected to the same core network device, and both can establish a communication connection with the terminal.
  • the identifiers of the K access network devices and the information of the signal corresponding to each link may be sent by the core network device to the first access network device.
  • the information used to identify the links may be the ID of the access network device, or may be the cell ID.
  • the information used to identify the links may be one or more of TCI, CC, the identity of the access network device, and the cell identity.
  • the terminal can respectively establish backup links with the above K access network devices according to the configuration information to obtain N backup links.
  • link namely establishing one or more links with each of the above-mentioned K access network devices, respectively, to obtain N backup links.
  • the terminal may establish N backup links according to the identifiers of the above K access network devices.
  • the terminal may determine the signal corresponding to each backup link in the N backup links according to the configuration information, that is, bind the identifier of each link to the corresponding signal.
  • the terminal can respectively establish backup links with the above K+1 access network devices according to the configuration information, and obtain N backup links.
  • Frequency points used by different backup links in the first link and the N backup links may be the same or different.
  • the terminal determines whether the first link fails, and when the first link fails, step 703 is performed.
  • step 702 is similar to step 302, and the detailed description can refer to step 302.
  • step 702 and step 302 the information used to identify the link is one or more of the identity of the access network device, the identity of the cell, TCI and CC; In addition to DCI or physical layer data, it can also be high layer data.
  • the upper layer refers to the protocol layer above the physical layer, which can be a media access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, or a packet data layer.
  • Convergence layer protocol packet data convergence protocol, PDCP
  • the high-level data may be protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) data, and may also be service data unit (service data unit, SDU) data.
  • High layer data can be composed of physical layer data.
  • the physical layer may send the first signal to a higher layer.
  • the upper layer receives the first signal from the physical layer, it can first determine whether the first signal belongs to higher layer data. When it is determined that the first signal belongs to the high-layer data, the terminal may use the first signal to combine the high-layer data. After the first signal is combined into high-level data, it can be determined whether the high-level data is successfully received, and when it is determined that the high-level data is successfully received, it can be determined that the first link is valid. When the first signal is not combined into high-level data, or it is determined that the high-level data fails to be received, it may be determined that the first link fails.
  • the terminal can determine whether the high-level data is received successfully according to the check code of the high-level data, and when the verification of the check code fails, it can determine that the high-level data has failed to receive. In another case, the terminal may determine whether the high-level data is successfully received according to the format corresponding to the high-level data, and may determine that the high-level data reception fails when the format corresponding to the high-level data is not the first format.
  • the check code and the first format may be pre-configured by the access network device, or may be configured by default. The fact that the first signal is not combined into high-level data may be caused by not receiving part of the physical layer data, or may be caused by a failure to decode or decrypt the physical layer data, which is not limited herein.
  • the terminal sends indication information to the second access network device.
  • the terminal may send indication information to the second access network device through the second link.
  • the indication information indicates that the serving link is updated to the third link.
  • the second link and the third link may be the same backup link in the N backup links, that is, the link between the second access network device and the terminal; or may be one of the N backup links.
  • Different backup links the third link may correspond to the second access network device, the second link may correspond to the third access network device, and both the second link and the third link may correspond to the second access network device .
  • the second access network device and the third access network device are devices among the above K access network devices.
  • the first access network device corresponds to multiple links
  • the first access network device and the second access network device may be the same access network device.
  • the terminal sends indication information to the second access network device through the second link, which can be understood as the terminal first passes the The second link sends the indication information to the third access network device, the third access network device sends the indication information to the core network device, the core network device sends the indication information to the second access network device, and the second access network device receives the indication information Indication information from core network equipment.
  • the indication information received by the second access network device and the indication information sent by the terminal may be the same or different, that is, the indication information received by the second access network device may be the processed indication information sent by the terminal. information.
  • the second access network device may receive the indication information from the terminal through the second link, that is, receive the indication information from the terminal.
  • the indication information may be carried on the PUCCH for transmission, or may be carried on the PRACH for transmission.
  • step 303 For other related descriptions, reference may be made to the related descriptions in step 303 .
  • the second access network device determines, according to the indication information, that the third link is the service link of the terminal.
  • the second access network device After the second access network device receives the indication information from the terminal through the second link, if the second link and the third link are both links established by the second access network device and the terminal, the second access network device will The network device may determine, according to the indication information, that the third link is the service link of the terminal. Optionally, the second access network device may send a confirmation message to the terminal, and then the second access network device may communicate with the terminal through a third link. If the second link is a link established between the third access network device and the terminal, and the third access network device and the second access network device are different access network devices, the third access network device may use the above indication The information is forwarded to the second access network device. The second access network device determines that the third link is the serving link of the terminal. Optionally, the second access network device sends confirmation information to the terminal, and then the second access network device may communicate with the terminal through a third link.
  • the second access network device here may be referred to as a new serving access network device.
  • the terminal can send third information to the first access network device, and when the first link is invalid and the third link is valid, the terminal can access the new service
  • the network device sends fourth information.
  • the terminal may send the information sent to the first access network device within a period of time before determining that the first link fails, to the new device again. It is also possible to send the information that the acknowledgement (ACK) information sent by the first access network device has not been received before the failure of the first link is sent to the new serving access network device again.
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • the first access network device and the new serving access network device can send all the information sent by the terminal to the core network device, which will cause the core network device to receive the information from the first access network device and the new serving access network device.
  • Some of the information may be duplicated. Therefore, the third information corresponds to the first identification, and the fourth information corresponds to the second identification.
  • the first identifier and the second identifier may be the serial number of the information, the identifier of the content of the information, or other information that can identify the information.
  • the third information and the fourth information are the same information, the identifiers carried by the two pieces of information are the same.
  • the core network device receives the third information and the fourth information, when it is determined that both the third information and the fourth information originate from the same terminal, it can determine whether the third information and the fourth information are not based on the first identifier and the second identifier. For duplicate information, when it is determined that the third information and the fourth information are duplicate information, one of the third information or the fourth information can be discarded, or the third information and the fourth information can be combined into one information, that is, The third information and the fourth information are put together for decoding.
  • the terminal can also divide a complete information into several parts. When the first identifier is the same as the second identifier, it indicates that the third information and the fourth information belong to the same information. The sequence number in this message combines the third message and the fourth message into one complete message.
  • the core network device may send the second information to the above K+1 access network devices respectively.
  • the second information may carry the first timestamp, so that after receiving the second information, the K+1 access network devices may determine whether to send the second information to the terminal according to the first timestamp.
  • the first timestamp may be used to indicate the sending time when the core network device sends the second information to the access network device, and may also be used to indicate the expiration time of the second information.
  • the access network device may send the second information to the terminal according to the first timestamp and the current time.
  • the access network device may first calculate the time interval between the current time and the first time stamp, and the current time is later than the first time stamp.
  • the time interval is greater than or equal to the second threshold, it indicates that the second information has lost its timeliness, it is meaningless to send the second information to the terminal, and the second information may not be sent to the terminal.
  • the second information can be discarded so that storage space can be saved.
  • the time interval is less than or equal to the second threshold, it indicates that the second information has not lost its timeliness, and the second information may be sent to the terminal, or the second information may be processed and then sent to the terminal.
  • the access network device can compare the first time stamp with the current time, and when the first time time is earlier than the current time, it indicates that the second information has lost its timeliness, and the second information It is meaningless to send to the terminal, and the second information may not be sent to the terminal.
  • the first time stamp is later than the current time, it indicates that the second information has not lost its timeliness, and the second information may be sent to the terminal, or the second information may be processed and then sent to the terminal.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal can establish links with at least two wireless systems (such as wireless systems 1 and 2 in FIG. 1 ).
  • At least two wireless systems establish communication connections with the same central device.
  • Each wireless system corresponds to at least one link.
  • One of these links is the service link of the terminal, and the other links except the service link among these links are the backup links of the terminal.
  • the wireless system may include access network equipment and core network equipment.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the functions performed by the wireless system in this application may also be performed by access network equipment or core network equipment in the wireless system.
  • the communication method may include the following steps.
  • the terminal establishes a first link and N backup links with K+1 wireless systems.
  • the terminal determines whether the first link fails, and when the first link fails, step 903 is performed.
  • the terminal sends indication information to the second wireless system.
  • the second wireless system determines, according to the indication information, that the third link is the serving link of the terminal.
  • steps 901 to 904 are similar to steps 701 to 704 , and for detailed description, reference may be made to steps 701 to 704 .
  • the information used to identify the link may be the identity of the access network device, the identity of the core network device, the cell identity, the identity of the core network context, the TCI and One or more of CCs; the steps performed by the access network device in FIG. 7 are performed by the wireless system in FIG. 9 .
  • the identification of the core network context may be the content of the core network context, or may be other information that can be used to identify the core network context.
  • the wireless technologies used by the above K+1 wireless systems may be the same or different.
  • the wireless technologies used by the above K+1 wireless systems may all be NR air interface technologies.
  • the wireless technology used by some wireless systems in the above K+1 wireless systems may be the NR air interface technology, and the technology used by some wireless systems may be the WiFi air interface technology.
  • the indication information may be carried on the PUCCH for transmission, or may be carried on the PRACH for transmission.
  • the indication information may be a specific data packet.
  • the terminal device can send third information to the first wireless system, and when the first link is invalid and the third link is valid, the terminal device can send the second wireless system Fourth information.
  • the first wireless system and the new serving wireless system can send all the information sent by the terminal to the central device. For a detailed description, refer to the uplink transmission below step 704 .
  • the central device may send the second information to the above K+1 wireless systems respectively, and the second information may carry the first time stamp.
  • the detailed description may refer to the downlink transmission below step 704 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the access network device can establish links with at least two terminals (terminals 1 and 2 in FIG. 1 ), each terminal corresponds to one or more links, and one link exists among these links It is the service link of the access network device, and other links except the service link in these links are the backup links of the access network device.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the functions performed by the central device in this application may also be performed by modules in the central device.
  • the communication method may include the following steps.
  • the access network device establishes a first link and N backup links with K+1 terminals.
  • the access network device can establish N+1 links with K+1 terminals, that is, can establish a first link and N backup links with K+1 terminals.
  • the first link is the service link of the access network device. It can be understood that the first link is the current communication link of the access network device, and it can also be understood that the first link is the current communication between the access network device and the terminal. 's link.
  • K is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • a link corresponds to a terminal device.
  • a terminal device can correspond to one link or multiple links.
  • K+1 terminals can respectively establish communication connections with access network equipment to obtain N+1 links.
  • the central device can determine the first link and the N backup links from the N+1 links, and then can send the information to the access network device, which can be sent through some or all of the K+1 terminals.
  • the access network device After receiving the information from the terminal, the access network device can determine which link is the serving link and which link is the backup link according to the information. Afterwards, the access network device can determine the signal corresponding to each link, and send information to the terminal corresponding to each link.
  • the above information may include a signal corresponding to each link.
  • the above information may also include information on whether it is a service link.
  • the terminal After the terminal receives the above information from the access network device, when it is a service link, it can communicate with the access network device, and can periodically send a corresponding signal to the access network device, so that the access network device can measure Availability of the link with this terminal. When it is a backup link, the terminal can store the corresponding signal, and can also periodically send the corresponding signal to the access network device, so that the access network device can measure the validity of the link with the terminal.
  • the access network device determines whether the first link fails, and when the first link fails, step 1103 is performed.
  • the access network device sends indication information to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal determines, according to the indication information, that the third link is a service link of the access network device.
  • steps 1101 to 1104 are similar to steps 701 to 704 , and for detailed description, please refer to steps 701 to 704 .
  • the information used to identify the link may be one or more of the identification of the terminal and the CC; the steps performed by the terminal in FIG. 7 are shown in FIG. 11 . It is performed by the access network equipment in FIG. 7, and the steps performed by the access network equipment in FIG. 7 are performed by the terminal in FIG. 11; the steps performed by the core network equipment in FIG. 7 are performed by the central equipment in FIG. 11;
  • the information can be carried on the PDCCH for transmission, or carried on the PDSCH for transmission.
  • the first signal may be a sounding reference signal (sounding reference signal, SRS) or PRACH, and in another implementation manner, the first signal may be PUCCH or PUSCH.
  • the indication information may be DCI.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method disclosed by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 12, the communication method may include the following steps.
  • the first communication apparatus establishes a first link and N backup links.
  • the first link is a service link of the first communication device, and N is a positive integer.
  • the first communication device may establish a first link and N backup links with the second communication device.
  • the first communication apparatus may be a terminal, and the second communication apparatus may be an access network device.
  • the first communication device may establish the first link and N backup links with K+1 communication devices.
  • the first communication apparatus may be a terminal, and the K+1 communication apparatuses may be access network equipment.
  • the first communication apparatus may be a terminal, and the K+1 communication apparatuses may be a wireless system, or may be an access network device or a core network device in the wireless system.
  • the first communication apparatus may be an access network device, and the K+1 communication apparatuses may be terminals.
  • K is an integer less than or equal to N.
  • the first communication apparatus determines whether the first link fails, and when the first link fails, step 1203 is performed.
  • the second communication apparatus may periodically send the first signal to the first communication apparatus through the first link.
  • the third communication apparatus may periodically send the first signal to the first communication apparatus through the first link.
  • the first communication device may then determine whether the first link fails through the first signal received by the first link. In an implementation manner, when the signal quality of the first signal is less than or equal to the first threshold, the first communication apparatus determines that the first link fails.
  • the first signal may be a reference signal or PRACH. In another implementation, the first communication device may determine that the first link fails when receiving the first signal fails.
  • the first signal may be control information, physical layer data or high layer data.
  • the first signal may be associated with an identification of the first link.
  • step 1202 may refer to the description of step 302 , step 502 , step 702 , step 902 and step 1102 .
  • the first communication apparatus sends the indication information to the second communication apparatus through the second link.
  • the second communication device may receive the indication information from the first communication device through the second link.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the service link to be updated to the third link, and the second link and the third link are backup links among the N backup links.
  • the second link and the third link may be the same backup link, or may be different backup links.
  • the communication devices corresponding to the second link and the third link may be the same communication device, such as the access network device in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 .
  • the communication devices corresponding to the second link and the third link may also be different communication devices, such as different wireless systems as shown in FIG. 7 , different access network devices as shown in FIG. 9 , such as different terminals as shown in FIG. 11 .
  • the indication information may include an identification of the third link.
  • the resource location of the indication information may be associated with the identity of the third link.
  • the identifier of the first link and the identifier of the third link may be one or more of TCI, CC, cell identifier, core network context identifier, access network device identifier, core network device identifier, and terminal identifier. kind.
  • the first communication apparatus may determine the backup link with the best signal quality among the N backup links as the third link.
  • the first communication apparatus may determine the backup link with the smallest transmission delay among the N backup links as the second link.
  • step 1203 may refer to the related descriptions of step 303 , step 503 , step 703 , step 903 and step 1103 .
  • the second communication apparatus determines, according to the indication information, that the third link is the service link of the first communication apparatus.
  • the second communication apparatus may receive the first information from the first communication apparatus through the third link, and then may communicate with the fourth communication apparatus to the fourth communication apparatus.
  • the device sends the first information.
  • the second communication device may receive the second information from the fourth communication device, and then may communicate with the first communication device through the third link The device sends the second information.
  • the second information may carry the first time stamp, and the second communication apparatus may send the second information to the first communication apparatus through the third link according to the first time stamp and the current time.
  • the second communication device may receive the third information from the first communication device over the first link, and may receive the fourth information from the first communication device over the third link.
  • the third information corresponds to the first identifier
  • the fourth information corresponds to the second identifier.
  • the second communication apparatus may discard the third information or the fourth information, or may combine the third information and the fourth information.
  • step 1204 may refer to the related descriptions of step 304 , step 504 , step 704 , step 904 and step 1104 .
  • the wireless system, access network equipment, core network equipment, terminal and central equipment include corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for performing each function.
  • Those skilled in the art should easily realize that the units and method steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application scenarios and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus may include a processing unit 1301 and a transceiver unit 1302 .
  • the communication device may be the first communication device.
  • a processing unit 1301, configured to establish a first link and N backup links, where the first link is a service link, and N is a positive integer;
  • Transceiving unit 1302 configured to send indication information to the second communication device through the second link when the first link fails, the indication information indicating that the service link is updated to the third link, the second link and the third link is the backup link among the N backup links.
  • the indication information includes an identifier of the third link; or, the resource location of the indication information is associated with the identifier of the third link.
  • the processing unit 1301 is further configured to determine that the first link fails when the signal quality of the first signal is less than or equal to the first threshold, the first signal is associated with the identifier of the first link, and the first signal is The reference signal or PRACH, the first signal is from the second communication device or the third communication device.
  • the processing unit 1301 is further configured to determine that the first link fails when receiving the first signal fails, the first signal is associated with the identifier of the first link, and the first signal is control information, physical layer data or For high layer data, the first signal comes from the second communication device or the third communication device.
  • the identifier of the first link and the identifier of the third link are TCI, CC, cell identifier, core network context identifier, access network device identifier, core network device identifier or terminal identifier.
  • the processing unit 1301 is further configured to determine the backup link with the best signal quality among the N backup links as the third link.
  • the processing unit 1301 is further configured to determine the backup link with the smallest transmission delay among the N backup links as the second link.
  • the communication device may be a second communication device.
  • the transceiver unit 1302 is configured to receive indication information from the first communication device through the second link, the indication information indicates that the service link is updated to the third link, and the first communication device has established the first link and N backup links , the first link is a service link, the second link and the third link are backup links in the N backup links, and N is a positive integer;
  • the processing unit 1301 is configured to determine, according to the indication information, that the third link is a service link of the first communication device.
  • the indication information includes an identifier of the third link; or the resource location of the indication information is associated with the identifier of the third link.
  • the transceiver unit 1302 is further configured to send a first signal to the first communication device through the first link before receiving the indication information from the first communication device through the second link, where the first signal is associated with the first communication device.
  • the identifier of the link, the first signal is used to determine whether the first link fails, and the first signal is a reference signal, PRACH, control information, physical layer data or high layer data.
  • the identifier of the first link and the identifier of the third link are TCI, CC, cell identifier, core network context identifier, access network device identifier, core network device identifier or terminal identifier.
  • the transceiver unit 1302 is further configured to receive the first information from the first communication device through the third link;
  • the transceiver unit 1302 is further configured to send the first information to the fourth communication device.
  • the transceiver unit 1302 is further configured to receive the second information from the fourth communication device;
  • the transceiver unit 1302 is further configured to send the second information to the first communication device through the third link.
  • the second information carries the first time stamp
  • the second information is sent to the first communication device through the third link according to the first time stamp and the current time.
  • the transceiver unit 1302 is further configured to receive third information from the first communication device through the first link, where the third information corresponds to the first identifier;
  • the transceiver unit 1302 is further configured to receive fourth information from the first communication device through the third link, where the fourth information corresponds to the second identifier;
  • the processing unit 1301 is further configured to discard the third information or the fourth information, or combine the third information and the fourth information when the first identifier is the same as the second identifier.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus may include a processor 1401 and an interface circuit 1401 .
  • the processor 1401 and the interface circuit 1402 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 1402 can be a transceiver or an input-output interface.
  • the communication device may further include a memory 1403 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1401 or input data required by the processor 1401 to execute the instructions or data generated after the processor 1401 executes the instructions.
  • the processor 1401 is used to implement the functions of the above-mentioned processing unit 1301
  • the interface circuit 1402 is used to implement the above-mentioned functions. Function of the transceiver unit 1302.
  • the embodiments of the present application further disclose a computer-readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored, and when the instructions are executed, the methods in the foregoing method embodiments are executed.
  • the embodiment of the present application further discloses a computer program product including an instruction, when the instruction is executed, the method in the foregoing method embodiment is executed.
  • An embodiment of the present application further discloses a communication system, the communication system includes at least a terminal, an access network device, and a core network device.
  • the communication system includes at least a terminal, an access network device, and a core network device.
  • processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit, and may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays. Or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • the method steps in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in a hardware manner, or may be implemented in a manner in which a processor executes software instructions.
  • Software instructions may be composed of corresponding software modules, and software modules may be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory memory, registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor, such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor.
  • the processor and storage medium may reside in an ASIC.
  • the ASIC may be located in a network device or terminal.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist in the network device or terminal as discrete components.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions.
  • the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are executed in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable apparatus.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer program or instructions may be downloaded from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits by wire or wireless to another website site, computer, server or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that integrates one or more available media.
  • the usable media may be magnetic media, such as floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes; optical media, such as digital video discs; and semiconductor media, such as solid-state drives.
  • “at least one” means one or more, and “plurality” means two or more.
  • “And/or”, which describes the relationship of the associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, it can indicate that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the related objects are a kind of "or” relationship; in the formula of this application, the character "/” indicates that the related objects are a kind of "division” Relationship.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质，包括：第一通信装置建立N+1条链路，N+1条链路中存在一条服务链路和N条备份链路，当服务链路失效时，可以由服务链路切换到N条备份链路中的一条备份链路，以便可以通过备份链路进行通信，可以避免由于服务链路失效导致的通信中断，从而可以提高业务传输的可靠性。

Description

一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
终端、接入网设备等设备中一般设置有各种硬件，以及安装有各种软件。当设备中的硬件和/或硬件发生故障时，设备可能无法与其它设备进行通信，以致业务发生中断。可见，硬件和/或软件的故障无法保证业务传输的可靠性。
发明内容
本申请实施例公开了一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质，用于提高业务传输的可靠性。
第一方面公开一种通信方法，该通信方法可以应用于第一通信装置。在一种情况下，第一通信装置可以为终端，也可以为终端中的模块。在另一种情况下，第一通信装置可以为接入网设备，也可以为接入网设备中的模块。该通信方法可以包括：第一通信装置建立第一链路和N条备份链路，第一链路为服务链路，N为正整数；当第一链路失效时，第一通信装置通过第二链路发送指示信息，指示信息指示服务链路更新为第三链路，第二链路和第三链路为N条备份链路中的备份链路。
本申请实施例中，第一通信装置建立有多条链路，其中一条链路为服务链路，剩余链路为备份链路，当服务链路失效时，可以由服务链路切换到备份链路，以便可以通过备份链路继续进行通信，从而可以解决现有技术中硬件和/或软件故障导致业务传输可靠性低的技术问题。由于在服务链路失效之后，第一通信装置可以切换到备份链路，因此，可以避免由于服务链路失效对业务传输的影响，从而可以提高业务传输的可靠性。
作为一种可能的实施方式，指示信息可以包括第三链路的标识，或者指示信息的资源位置可以关联第三链路的标识。
本申请实施例中，第一通信装置可以向第二通信装置发送指示信息，指示信息可以包括或关联第三链路的标识，可以使得第二通信装置得知服务链路失效，以及第一通信装置倾向选择的备份链路，使得业务快速、准确的切换到第三链路上进行传输，从而可以提高业务传输的可靠性。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：当第一信号的信号质量小于或等于第一阈值时，第一通信装置确定第一链路失效，第一信号关联第一链路的标识，第一信号可以为参考信号，也可以为物理随机接入信道(physical random access channel，PRACH)，第一信号来自第二通信装置或第三通信装置。
本申请实施例中，第一通信装置可以使用信号质量来确定链路是否失效，复杂度低，因此，可以提高确定速度，从而可以快速地进行链路切换，以便可以提高业务传输的可靠性。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：当接收第一信号失败时，第一通信装置确定第一链路失效，第一信号关联第一链路的标识，第一信号为控制信息、物理层数据或高层数据，第一信号来自第二通信装置或第三通信装置。
本申请实施例中，第一通信装置可以使用信号接收失败来确定链路失效，可靠性较高，不仅可以准确地检测出硬件错误，而且也可以检测出软件错误。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一链路的标识和第三链路的标识可以为传输配置指示(transmission configuration indicator，TCI)、载波分量(component carrier，CC)标识、小区标识、核心网上下文的标识、接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识或终端的标识。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：第一通信装置将N条备份链路中信号质量最好的备份链路确定为第三链路。
本申请实施例中，当服务链路失效时，第一通信装置可以切换到信号质量最好的备份链路，可以保证通信的可靠性，从而可以进一步提高业务传输的可靠性。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：第一通信装置将N条备份链路中传输时延最小的备份链路确定为第二链路。
本申请实施例中，第一通信装置可以通过传输时延最小的备份链路向第二通信装置发送指示信息，可以减少指示信息的传输时间，进而可以减少链路切换时间，可以提高链路切换效率，以便可以降低链路失效对业务的影响，从而可以进一步提高业务传输的可靠性。
第二方面公开一种通信方法，该通信方法可以应用于第二通信装置。在一种情况下，第二通信装置可以为接入网设备，也可以为接入网设备中的模块。在另一种情况下，第二通信装置可以为终端，也可以为终端中的模块。在又一种情况下，第二通信装置可以为无线系统，也可以为无线系统中的接入网设备，还可以为无线系统中接入网设备中的模块。该通信方法可以包括：第二通信装置通过第二链路接收来自第一通信装置的指示信息，指示信息指示服务链路更新为第三链路，第一通信装置建立有第一链路和N条备份链路，第一链路为服务链路，第二链路和第三链路为N条备份链路中的备份链路，N为正整数；第二通信装置根据指示信息确定第三链路为第一通信装置的服务链路。
本申请实施例中，第二通信装置接收到来自第一通信装置的用于更新服务链路的指示信息之后，可以根据指示信息切换第一通信装置的服务链路，以便第一通信装置可以通过备份链路与第二通信装置进行通信，从而可以解决现有技术中硬件和/或软件故障导致业务传输可靠性低的技术问题。由于在服务链路失效之后，第一通信装置可以切换到备份链路，因此，可以避免对业务传输的影响，从而可以提高业务传输的可靠性。
作为一种可能的实施方式，指示信息可以包括第三链路的标识，或者指示信息的资源位置可以关联第三链路的标识。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第二通信装置通过第二链路接收来自第一通信装置的指示信息之前，该通信方法还可以包括：第二通信装置通过第一链路向第一通信装置发送第一信号，第一信号关联第一链路的标识，第一信号用于确定第一链路是否失效，第一信号为参考信号、PRACH、控制信息、物理层数据或高层数据。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第一链路的标识和第三链路的标识可以为TCI、CC、小区 标识、核心网上下文的标识、接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识或终端的标识。
本申请实施例中，不同链路配置不同标识，可以不同层级的备份，可以提高信息的可靠性。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：第二通信装置通过第三链路接收来自第一通信装置的第一信息；第二通信装置向第四通信装置发送第一信息。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：第二通信装置接收来自第四通信装置的第二信息；第二通信装置通过第三链路向第一通信装置发送第二信息。
作为一种可能的实施方式，第二信息携带有第一时间戳，第二通信装置通过第三链路向第一通信装置发送第二信息可以包括：第二通信装置根据第一时间戳和当前时间通过第三链路向第一通信装置发送第二信息。
本申请实施例中，第二通信装置可以根据时间戳确定信息是否具有时效性，当确定信息丧失时效性时不发送信息，当确定信息具有时效性时可以发送信息，从而可以保证信息的时效性，以便可以避免信息的重复发送。
作为一种可能的实施方式，该通信方法还可以包括：第二通信装置通过第一链路接收来自第一通信装置的第三信息，第三信息对应第一标识；第二通信装置通过第三链路接收来自第一通信装置的第四信息，第四信息对应第二标识；当第一标识与第二标识相同时，第二通信装置丢弃第三信息或第四信息，或者合并第三信息和第四信息。
第三方面公开一种通信装置，在一种情况下，该通信装置可以为终端，也可以为终端中的模块。在另一种情况下，该通信装置可以为接入网设备，也可以为接入网设备中的模块。该通信装置可以包括：
处理单元，用于建立第一链路和N条备份链路，所述第一链路为服务链路，N为正整数；
收发单元，用于当所述第一链路失效时，通过第二链路向第二通信装置发送指示信息，所述指示信息指示服务链路更新为第三链路，所述第二链路和所述第三链路为所述N条备份链路中的备份链路。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述指示信息包括所述第三链路的标识；或，所述指示信息的资源位置关联所述第三链路的标识。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述处理单元，还用于当第一信号的信号质量小于或等于第一阈值时，确定所述第一链路失效，所述第一信号关联所述第一链路的标识，所述第一信号为参考信号或PRACH，所述第一信号来自所述第二通信装置或第三通信装置。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述处理单元，还用于当接收第一信号失败时，确定所述第一链路失效，所述第一信号关联所述第一链路的标识，所述第一信号为控制信息、物理层数据或高层数据，所述第一信号来自所述第二通信装置或第三通信装置。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述第一链路的标识和所述第三链路的标识为TCI、CC、小区标识、核心网上下文的标识、接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识或终端的标识。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述处理单元，还用于将所述N条备份链路中信号质量最好的备份链路确定为所述第三链路。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述处理单元，还用于将所述N条备份链路中传输时延最 小的备份链路确定为所述第二链路。
第四方面公开一种通信装置，在一种情况下，该通信装置可以为接入网设备，也可以为接入网设备中的模块。在另一种情况下，该通信装置可以为终端，也可以为终端中的模块。在又一种情况下，该通信装置可以为无线系统，也可以为无线系统中的接入网设备，还可以为无线系统中接入网设备中的模块。该通信装置可以包括：
收发单元，用于通过第二链路接收来自第一通信装置的指示信息，所述指示信息指示服务链路更新为第三链路，所述第一通信装置建立有第一链路和N条备份链路，所述第一链路为服务链路，所述第二链路和所述第三链路为所述N条备份链路中的备份链路，N为正整数；
处理单元，用于根据所述指示信息确定所述第三链路为所述第一通信装置的服务链路。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述指示信息包括所述第三链路的标识；或所述指示信息的资源位置关联所述第三链路的标识。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述收发单元，还用于通过第二链路接收来自第一通信装置的指示信息之前，通过所述第一链路向所述第一通信装置发送第一信号，所述第一信号关联所述第一链路的标识，所述第一信号用于确定所述第一链路是否失效，所述第一信号为参考信号、PRACH、控制信息、物理层数据或高层数据。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述第一链路的标识和所述第三链路的标识为TCI、CC、小区标识、核心网上下文的标识、接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识或终端的标识。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述收发单元，还用于通过所述第三链路接收来自所述第一通信装置的第一信息；
所述收发单元，还用于向第四通信装置发送所述第一信息。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述收发单元，还用于接收来自第四通信装置的第二信息；
所述收发单元，还用于通过所述第三链路向所述第一通信装置发送所述第二信息。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述第二信息携带有第一时间戳，所述收发单元通过所述第三链路向所述第一通信装置发送所述第二信息包括：
根据所述第一时间戳和当前时间通过所述第三链路向所述第一通信装置发送所述第二信息。
作为一种可能的实施方式，所述收发单元，还用于通过所述第一链路接收来自所述第一通信装置的第三信息，所述第三信息对应第一标识；
所述收发单元，还用于通过所述第三链路接收来自所述第一通信装置的第四信息，所述第四信息对应第二标识；
所述处理单元，还用于当所述第一标识与所述第二标识相同时，丢弃所述第三信息或所述第四信息，或者合并所述第三信息和所述第四信息。
第五方面公开一种通信装置，该通信装置可以包括处理器和接口电路，接口电路用于接收来自该通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至处理器或将来自处理器的信号发送给该通信装置之外的其它通信装置，处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如第 一方面或第一方面的任一种实施例所公开的通信方法。
第六方面公开一种通信装置，该通信装置可以包括处理器和接口电路，接口电路用于接收来自该通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至处理器或将来自处理器的信号发送给该通信装置之外的其它通信装置，处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如第二方面或第二方面的任一种实施例所公开的通信方法。
第七方面公开一种通信系统，该通信系统包括第五方面的通信装置和第六方面的通信装置。
第八方面公开一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序或计算机指令，当该计算机程序或计算机指令运行时，实现如上述各方面公开的通信方法。
第九方面公开一种计算机程序，当该计算机程序被通信装置执行时，实现如上述各方面公开的通信方法。
第十方面公开一种芯片，包括处理器，用于执行存储器中存储的程序，当程序被执行时，使得芯片执行上面的方法。
作为一种可能的实施方式，存储器位于芯片之外。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例公开的一种网络架构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例公开的一种应用场景的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例公开的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图4是本申请实施例公开的另一种应用场景的示意图；
图5是本申请实施例公开的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图6是本申请实施例公开的又一种应用场景的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图8是本申请实施例公开的又一种应用场景的示意图；
图9是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图10是本申请实施例公开的又一种应用场景的示意图；
图11是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图12是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图13是本申请实施例公开的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图14是本申请实施例公开的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本申请实施例，下面先对本申请实施例要解决的技术问题进行描述。在5G新无线(new radio，NR)中，除了支持高传输速率的增强型移动宽带(enhanced mobile broadband，eMBB)业务之外，还支持高可靠低时延通信(ultra-reliable and low-latency communications，URLLC)业务。URLLC业务对于传输时延与可靠性的要求极高。例如，URLLC业务需要在1ms时延内保证传输可靠性大于99.9999％。URLLC业务可以应用于工业 自动化，包括动作控制、控制器间通信、无线替换工业有线网以及加工自动化的闭环控制等。在工业自动化中，URLLC业务需要保证10年99.9999％的可靠性。
在NR中，为了保证URLLC业务的高可靠性，多种空口技术被引入，如混合自动重传请求(hybrid automatic repeat request，HARQ)-确认(acknowledge，ACK)增强、多次盲重传、多TCI盲重传等技术。现有的保障URLLC业务高可靠性的空口技术主要是针对无线链路不稳定的问题，无法解决由于软硬件故障导致的空口可靠性问题。在实际工业部署中，设备的软硬件故障导致的传输失败的概率是无法忽略的。例如，收发点(transmissionreceptionpoint，TRP)设备、基带设备等的可靠性均要求10年的传输失败率小于99.9999％。此外，不同于无线链路不稳定导致的传输失败，设备的软硬件故障导致的传输失败具有连续性的特征，即会导致URLLC业务的中断，以致无法保证工业自动化所需要的10年99.9999％的可靠性。
设备的软硬件故障是一个一直存在的问题。目前，可以采用设备轮询与自检的方式进行故障发现与恢复。然而，故障发现与恢复的时延较长，并且设备在从故障中恢复前无法提供服务。对于eMBB业务，暂时的业务中断不会导致严重的后果，而对于面向工业自动化的URLLC业务，业务中断会导致巨大的经济损失。因此，如何保证URLLC业务传输可靠性已成为一个亟待解决的技术问题。
为了更好地理解本申请实施例公开的一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质，下面先对本申请实施例使用的网络架构进行描述。请参阅图1，图1是本申请实施例公开的一种网络架构示意图。如图1所示，该网络架构可以包括至少一个核心网设备(如图1中的110和111)、至少一个接入网设备(如图1中的120、121和122)和至少一个终端(如图1中的130和131)。如图1所示，接入网设备可以包括至少一个收发设备，如图1中的接入网设备120可以包括收发设备1200和1201。
终端可以通过无线方式与接入网设备进行连接，即终端可以通过无线方式与接入网设备中的收发设备进行连接。接入网设备可以通过无线方式或有线方式与核心网设备进行连接。接入网设备与核心网设备可以是独立的物理设备。接入网设备与核心网设备也可以被集成在同一个物理设备上，可以理解为接入网设备的功能与核心网设备的功能被集成在同一个物理设备上，也可以理解为一个物理设备即具有接入网设备的功能也具有核心网设备的功能。接入网设备与核心网设备还可以部分功能集成在同一物理设备上，剩余部分功能设置在独立的物理设备上，可以理解为一个物理设备上集成了接入网设备和核心网设备的部分功能，接入网设备的剩余部分功能在另一个物理设备上，核心网设备的剩余部分功能在又一个物理设备上。终端的位置可以是固定不变的，也可以是移动的。
应理解，图1只是对网络架构的示意性说明，并不对网络架构构成限定。该网络架构还可以包括其它设备，如中继设备、回传设备、中心设备等。
应理解，该网络架构包括的终端、接入网设备和核心网设备的数量可以为大于或等于1的任何整数，具体的数量在此不加限定。
终端与接入网设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载。也可以部署在水面上。还可以部署在空中的飞机、气球和卫星上。本申请实施例对终端与接入网设备的 部署场景不作限定。
本申请的实施例可以适用于下行信号传输，也可以适用于上行信号传输，还可以适用于设备到设备(device to device，D2D)的信号传输。对于下行信号传输，发送设备是接入网设备，对应的接收设备是终端。对于上行信号传输，发送设备是终端，对应的接收设备是接入网设备。对于D2D的信号传输，发送设备是终端，对应的接收设备也是终端。本申请实施例对信号的传输方向不做限定。
终端与接入网设备之间、终端与终端之间可以通过授权频谱(licensed spectrum)进行通信，也可以通过免授权频谱(unlicensed spectrum)进行通信，还可以同时通过授权频谱和免授权频谱进行通信。终端与接入网设备之间、终端与终端之间可以通过6G以下的频谱进行通信，也可以通过6G以上的频谱进行通信，还可以同时使用6G以下的频谱和6G以上的频谱进行通信。本申请实施例对接入网设备和终端所使用的频谱资源不作限定。
终端，也可以称之为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端等，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。终端可以为手持终端、笔记本电脑、用户单元、蜂窝电话、智能电话、无线数据卡、个人数字助理、电脑、平板型电脑、无线调制解调器、手持设备、膝上型电脑、无绳电话或者无线本地环路台、机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)终端，可穿戴设备(例如智能手表、智能手环、计步器等)，车载设备(例如，汽车、自行车、电动车、飞机、船舶、火车、高铁等)、虚拟现实设备、增强现实设备、工业控制中的无线终端、智能家居设备(例如，冰箱、电视、空调、电表等)、智能机器人、车间设备、无人驾驶中的无线终端、远程手术中的无线终端、智能电网中的无线终端、运输安全中的无线终端、智慧城市中的无线终端，或智慧家庭中的无线终端、飞行设备(例如，智能机器人、热气球、无人机、飞机)或其他可以接入网络的设备。在本申请中，术语终端与终端设备可以互换。
接入网设备是为终端提供无线接入的设备，主要负责空口侧的无线资源管理、服务质量(quality of service，QoS)流管理、数据压缩和加密等功能。接入网设备可以包括各种形式的基站，例如：宏基站，微基站(也称为小站)，中继站，演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNodeB)，5G移动通信系统中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)，未来移动通信系统中的基站，接入点等。接入网设备还可以包括WiFi接入节点(access point，AP)。接入网设备还可以为全球微波互联接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMax)基站(base station，BS)。接入网设备还可以为完成基站部分功能的模块或单元，例如，可以是集中式单元(central unit，CU)，也可以是分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)。本申请的实施例对接入网设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
核心网设备可以为核心网络(core network，CN)设备在不同的系统对应不同的设备。例如，在3G中可以对应通用分组无线服务技术(general packet radio service，GPRS)的服务支持节点(servingGPRSsupport node，SGSN)和/或GPRS的网关支持节点(gateway GPRS support node，GGSN)。在4G中可以对应移动管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)和/或服务网关(serving gateway，S-GW)。在5G中可以对应接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元等网元中的一个或多个。
为了更好地理解本申请实施例公开的一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质，下面先对本申请实施例使用的用户和概念进行描述。
1、链路
链路可以理解为空口链路。空口链路为终端可以与接入网设备进行空口通信的链路。建立空口链路需要维持终端与接入网设备之间的时频同步、需要进行上下行信道测量、定时提前(timing advance，TA)等操作。
2、小区
小区是一个通用的名称，是高层从资源管理或移动性管理的角度描述的。针对终端而言，为其提供服务的小区可以称为服务小区。本申请中涉及的小区为服务小区。每个接入网设备的覆盖范围可以被划分为一个或多个小区。一个小区可以被配置一个下行载波。此外，还可以被配置至少一个上行载波。一个带宽部分(bandwidth part，BWP)是一个小区的某个载波上的带宽的一部分。
图2是本申请实施例公开的一种应用场景的示意图。如图2所示，接入网设备可以包括至少两个收发设备(如图2中的收发设备1和2)。终端可以与接入网设备建立多条链路，这多条链路中的一条链路为终端的服务链路，这多条链路中除服务链路之外的其它链路为终端的备份链路。
基于上述网络架构以及图2所示的应用场景，图3是本申请实施例公开的一种通信方法的流程示意图。其中，本申请中由终端执行的功能也可以由终端中的模块来执行，本申请中由接入网设备执行的功能也可以由接入网设备中的模块来执行，本申请中由核心网设备执行的功能也可以由核心网设备中的模块来执行。本申请中所描述的设备中的模块，具体可以是设备中的芯片。如图3所示，该通信方法可以包括以下步骤。
301、终端与接入网设备建立第一链路和N条备份链路。
终端可以与接入网设备建立N+1条链路，即可以与接入网设备建立第一链路和N条备份链路。这N+1条链路可以分别对应N+1个TCI，即一条链路对应一个TCI。第一链路为终端的服务链路，可以理解为第一链路为终端的当前通信链路，也可以理解为第一链路为终端与接入网设备当前进行通信的链路。
终端可以先与接入网设备建立通信连接。此时，终端与接入网设备之间只存在一条链路，即第一链路。终端与接入网设备建立通信连接的方式与现有NR建立通信连接的方式相同，在此不加赘述。
接入网设备与终端建立通信连接之后，可以通过第一链路向终端发送配置信息。可选的，接入网设备在满足第一条件时向终端发送配置信息。在一种情况下，第一条件可以为接收到来自核心网设备的用于建立备份链路的指示信息。在另一种情况下，接入网设备可以设置有用于建立备份链路的功能，第一条件可以为检测到用于启动该功能的启动指令、消息、信令等触发信息。该触发信息可以是核心网设备发送的，也可以是用户输入的，还可以是接入网设备生成的，在此不加限定。
配置信息可以包括每条链路对应的TCI，还可以包括每条链路对应的信号的信息。每条 链路对应的TCI用于标识对应的链路，也可以理解为TCI为对应的链路的标识。每条链路对应的信号用于测量该链路是否有效。当之前已经为第一链路配置了TCI时，每条链路对应的TCI可以只包括N条备份链路对应的TCI。当之前没有为第一链路配置TCI时，每条链路对应的TCI可以包括第一链路对应的TCI以及N条备份链路对应的TCI，即链路与TCI一一对应。备份链路的数量N可以是高层配置的，也可以是接入网设备根据终端的信道状况确定的。其中，一个TCI可以对应一个收发设备，也可以对应多个收发设备。当一个TCI对应多个收发设备时，接入网设备可以基于不同的预编码使用这多个收发设备进行通信。
终端接收到来自接入网设备的配置信息之后，可以根据配置信息建立与接入网设备之间的N条备份链路。N为大于或等于1的整数。终端可以根据配置信息确定N条备份链路中每条备份链路对应的TCI和信号。
终端可以基于这N+1条链路对应的N+1个信号进行时频同步、信道测量、TA等过程，使其可以随时使用任意一个TCI发送物理上行控制信道(physical uplink control channel，PUCCH)/物理上行共享信道(physical uplink share channel，PUSCH)或接收物理下行控制信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)/物理下行共享信道(physical downlink share channel，PDSCH)，即终端可以通过每条链路与接入网设备建立空口链路。使用TCI接收PDCCH/PDSCH是指使用基于该TCI对应的信号获得时频同步、下行信道状态信息等，从而进行下行接收。下行信道状态信息可以包括信号质量、多普勒，波束方向、波束标识等信息。使用TCI发送对应的PUCCH/PUSCH是指使用基于该TCI对应的信号获得时频同步、该TCI对应的下行信道所对应的上行信道信息等进行上行发送。上行信道信息可以包括多普勒、波束方向、波束标识等信息。信号质量可以为参考信号接收质量(reference signal receiving quality，RSRQ)、参考信号接收功率(reference signal receiving power，RSRP)、接收信号强度指示(received signal strength indication，RSSI)等可以标识信号质量好坏的任何信息。
需要说明的是，PUCCH、PUSCH、PDCCH和PDSCH仅仅是物理层的上行控制信道、上行数据信道、下行控制信道和下行数据信道的举例，在不同的系统中，这些信道可能会有不同的名称，本申请对此不做限定。
302、终端确定第一链路是否失效，当第一链路失效时，执行步骤303。
终端与接入网设备建立第一链路和N条备份链路之后，可以理解为接入网设备接收到来自终端的返回N条备份链路建立完成的确认消息之后，接入网设备可以通过第一链路向终端周期性地发送第一信号。第一信号关联第一链路的标识，可以理解为第一信号对应第一链路的标识，也可以理解为第一信号对应第一链路对应的TCI。
相应地，终端可以通过第一链路周期性地接收来自接入网设备的第一信号，以及确定第一链路是否失效。
在一种实现方式中，第一信号可以为信道状态信息参考信号(channel state information reference signal，CSI-RS)，也可以为解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)。第一信号可以关联第一链路的标识。终端可以根据第一信号的信号质量判断第一链路是否失效。当判断出第一信号的信号质量大于或等于第一阈值时，终端可以确定第一链路有效，可以继续通过第一链路与接入网设备进行通信，即终端可以使用与第一链路对应的TCI发送 PUCCH/PUSCH或接收来自接入网设备的PDCCH/PDSCH。当判断出第一信号的信号质量小于或等于第一阈值时，终端可以确定第一链路失效，之后可以执行步骤303。
上述第一信号的信号质量可以为最近一次接收的第一信号的信号质量，也可以为根据最近多次接收的第一信号的信号质量确定的信号质量。例如，可以将最近多次接收到的第一信号的信号质量的平均值确定为上述第一信号的信号质量，也可以将最近多次接收到的第一信号的信号质量经过层(layer)3滤波后的值确定为上述第一信号的信号质量。最近多次接收到的第一信号的数量可以是固定的，也可以是变动的。例如，可以将最近一段时间内接收的第一信号确定为最近多次接收到的第一信号。第一信号可以关联第一链路的标识，可以理解为第一信号通过第一链路传输。
在另一种实现方式中，第一信号可以为下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)，也可以为物理层数据。终端可以在第一信号的发送周期内接收第一信号，当终端接收第一信号失败时，可以确定第一链路失效，之后可以执行步骤303。终端接收第一信号失败，可以理解为没有接收到第一信号，也可以理解为接收到了第一信号，但译码失败。当终端接收第一信号成功时，可以确定第一链路有效，可以继续使用第一链路与接入网设备进行通信。终端接收第一信号成功，可以理解为接收到了第一信号，且译码成功。
当第一信号为DCI时，第一信号可以承载在PDCCH上。当第一信号为物理层数据时，第一信号可以承载在PDSCH上。
303、终端通过第二链路向接入网设备发送指示信息。
当终端确定第一链路失效时，终端可以通过第二链路向接入网设备发送指示信息。指示信息可以指示服务链路更新为第三链路，第二链路和第三链路为N条备份链路中的备份链路。第二链路与第三链路可以为同一备份链路，也可以为不同的备份链路。
相应地，接入网设备可以通过第二链路接收来自终端的指示信息。
当终端确定第一链路失效时，若N为1，则终端可以直接将这条备份链路确定为第二链路和第三链路，即第二链路和第三链路为同一备份链路。若N大于1，则终端可以先从N条备份链路中选取第三链路。终端可以先判断N条备份链路中的每条链路是否为有效链路。在一种实现方式中，终端建立与接入网设备的第一链路和N条备份链路之后，接入网设备可以通过N条备份链路中的每条备份链路分别向终端周期性地发送对应的信号，以便终端可以根据每条备份链路对应的信号确定备份链路是否有效。上述方式中，由于接入网设备中的每条备份链路周期性地发送信号，因此，终端可以快速地确定备份链路是否有效，从而可以提高链路切换效率，进而可以保证业务传输的可靠性。在另一种实现方式中，当终端确定第一链路失效时，终端可以通过每条备份链路分别向接入网设备发送测量信号，当在预设时间内接收到针对测量信号的响应信号时，可以确定备份链路有效，当在预设时间内未接收到针对测量信号的响应信号时，可以确定备份链路失效。上述方法由于只有在需要的情况下才发送测量信号测量备份链路的有效性，因此，可以减少发送信息的数量，从而可以节约传输资源。
当终端判断出N条备份链路中只有一条备份链路有效时，可以直接将这条备份链路确定为第二链路和第三链路，即第二链路和第三链路为同一链路。当终端判断出N条备份链路中有多条备份链路有效时，可以从这多条备份链路中选取第三链路。终端可以将这多条 备份链路中信号质量最好的备份链路确定为第三链路，也可以从这多条备份链路中任选一条备份链路为第三链路，还可以将这多条备份链路中数据传输时延最小的备份链路确定为第三链路。终端还可以设置一条默认备份链路，当默认备份链路有效时，可以将默认备份链路确定为第三链路，可以缩短链路切换时间，从而可以提高业务传输的可控性。当默认备份链路无效时，终端可以从剩余的备份链路列表中选取，可以按照顺序选取，也可以随机选取，还可以按照信号质量选取，还可以按照数据传输时延选取，还可以按照其他方式选取，在此不加限定。其中，备份链路的信号质量和数据传输时延可以是确定备份链路是否有效的时候测量的，也可以是建立备份链路的时候测量的，还可以是其它时候测量的，在此不加限定。
终端从N条备份链路选取第二链路时，为了减少链路切换时延，以提高业务传输的可靠性，可以选取传输时延最小的备份链路为第二链路。传输时延最小的备份链路，可以理解为传输指示信息的时延最小的备份链路，也可以理解为传输指示信息所需时间最短的备份链路，还可以理解为能够最早将指示信息发送给接入网设备的备份链路。
在一种实现方式中，指示信息可以包括第三链路的标识，即第三链路对应的TCI。例如，指示信息中的一个比特或多个比特指示第三链路对应的TCI，或指示第三链路对应的TCI的索引。在另一种实现方式中，指示信息的资源位置可以关联第三链路的标识，可以理解为指示信息的资源位置对应第三链路的标识。例如，可以预先为不同备份链路分配不同的资源位置，当指示信息在第三链路对应的资源位置上传输时，可以确定指示信息关联第三链路的标识。其中，指示信息可以承载在PUCCH上，也可以承载在PRACH上。
304、接入网设备根据指示信息确定第三链路为终端的服务链路。
接入网设备通过第二链路接收到来自终端的指示信息之后，可以根据指示信息确定第三链路为终端的服务链路。之后接入网设备可以与终端通过第三链路进行通信。
在上行传输中，终端可以通过第一链路或第三链路向接入网设备发送第一信息。接入网设备接收到来自终端的第一信息之后，可以将第一信息转发给核心网设备，也可以将第一信息处理之后再发送给核心网设备。
在下行传输中，核心网设备可以向接入网设备发送第二信息。接入网设备接收到来自核心网设备的第二信息之后，可以将第二信息直接转发给终端，也可以将第二信息处理之后再发送给终端。
其中，步骤301-步骤304中相关的内容可以相互参考，并不局限于对应的步骤。
图4是本申请实施例公开的另一种应用场景的示意图。如图4所示，终端可以通过不同载波分量(component carrier，CC)与接入网设备建立多条链路，这多条链路中的一条链路为终端的服务链路，这多条链路中除服务链路之外的其它链路为终端的备份链路。不同链路使用的CC不同。
基于上述网络架构以及图4所示的应用场景，图5是本申请实施例公开的另一种通信方法的流程示意图。如图5所示，该通信方法可以包括以下步骤。
501、终端与接入网设备建立第一链路和N条备份链路。
502、终端确定第一链路是否失效，当第一链路失效时，执行步骤503。
503、终端通过第二链路向接入网设备发送指示信息。
504、接入网设备根据指示信息确定第三链路为终端的服务链路。
其中，步骤501～步骤504与步骤301～步骤304相似，详细描述可以参考步骤301～步骤304。
图5所示的方法与图3所示的方法的区别在于：图3中用于标识链路的信息为TCI，而图5中用于标识链路的信息为CC，具体可以为CC标识，即CC与链路一一对应。此外，一个CC可以对应一个频点。
图6是本申请实施例公开的又一种应用场景的示意图。如图6所示，终端可以与至少两个接入网设备(如图1中的接入网设备1和2)建立链路，每个接入网设备可以对应一条或多条链路，这些链路中的一条链路为终端的服务链路，这些链路中除服务链路之外的其它链路为终端的备份链路。
基于上述网络架构以及图6所示的应用场景，图7是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信方法的流程示意图。如图7所示，该通信方法可以包括以下步骤。
701、终端与K+1个接入网设备建立第一链路和N条备份链路。
终端可以与K+1个接入网设备建立N+1条链路，即可以与K+1个接入网设备建立第一链路和N条备份链路。第一链路为终端的服务链路，可以理解为第一链路为终端的当前通信链路，也可以理解为第一链路为终端与接入网设备当前进行通信的链路。K为小于或等于N正整数。一条链路对应一个接入网设备。一个接入网设备可以对应一条链路，也可以对应多条链路。
终端可以先与K+1个接入网设备中的第一接入网设备建立通信连接，此时，终端与第一接入网设备之间的链路为第一链路。第一接入网设备可以为K+1个接入网设备中的任一接入网设备。其中，相关描述可以参考步骤301中终端与接入网设备建立通信连接的相关描述。
第一接入网设备与终端建立通信连接之后，可以向终端发送配置信息。可选的，第一接入网设备在满足第一条件时向终端发送配置信息。有关第一条件的具体描述可以参考301中的相关描述。配置信息可以包括K+1个接入网设备中除第一接入网设备之外的K个接入网设备的标识，配置信息还可以包括每条链路对应的信号的信息。这K个接入网设备与第一接入网设备连接同一个核心网设备，且均可以与终端建立通信连接。上述K个接入网设备的标识以及每条链路对应的信号的信息可以是核心网设备发送给第一接入网设备的。其中，相关描述可以参考步骤301中当满足第一条件时，可以通过第一链路向终端发送配置信息的相关描述。当接入网设备与链路一一对应时，用于标识链路的信息可以为接入网设备的标识，也可以为小区标识。当一个接入网设备对应多条链路时，用于标识链路的信息可以为TCI、CC、接入网设备的标识和小区标识中的一种或多种。
当第一接入网设备对应一条链路时，终端接收到来自第一接入网设备的配置信息之后，可以根据配置信息分别与上述K个接入网设备建立备份链路，得到N条备份链路，即与上述K个接入网设备中的每个接入网设备分别建立一条或多条链路，得到N条备份链路。终端可以根据上述K个接入网设备的标识建立N条备份链路。终端可以根据配置信息确定N条备份链路中每条备份链路对应的信号，即将每条链路的标识与对应的信号绑定。其中，相关描 述可以参考步骤301中终端根据配置信息建立与接入网设备之间的N条备份链路的相关描述。
当第一接入网设备对应多条链路时，终端接收到来自第一接入网设备的配置信息之后，可以根据配置信息分别与上述K+1个接入网设备建立备份链路，得到N条备份链路。
第一链路和N条备份链路中不同备份链路使用的频点可以相同，也可以不同。
702、终端确定第一链路是否失效，当第一链路失效时，执行步骤703。
其中，步骤702与步骤302相似，详细描述可以参考步骤302。
步骤702与步骤302的区别在于：用于标识链路的信息为接入网设备的标识、小区标识、TCI和CC中的一种或多种；在另一种实现方式中，第一信号除了可以为DCI或物理层数据之外，还可以为高层数据。在本申请中，高层是指物理层以上的协议层，可以为媒体介入控制(media access control，MAC)层，也可以为无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层，还可以为分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层。高层数据可以为协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)数据，还可以为业务数据单元(service data unit，SDU)数据。
高层数据可以由物理层数据组合而成。终端接收到来自第一接入网设备的第一信号之后，物理层可以将第一信号发送给高层。高层接收到来自物理层的第一信号之后，可以先判断第一信号是否属于高层数据。当判断出第一信号属于高层数据时，终端可以使用第一信号组合高层数据。当使用第一信号组合成高层数据之后，可以判断高层数据是否接收成功，当判断出高层数据接收成功时，可以确定第一链路有效。当使用第一信号没有组合成高层数据，或判断出高层数据接收失败时，可以确定第一链路失效。在一种情况下，终端可以根据高层数据的校验码判断高层数据是否接收成功，当校验码验证失败时，可以确定高层数据接收失败。在另一种情况下，终端可以根据高层数据对应的格式判断高层数据是否接收成功，当高层数据对应的格式不是第一格式时，可以确定高层数据接收失败。校验码和第一格式可以是接入网设备预先配置的，也可以是默认配置的。使用第一信号没有组合成高层数据可以是没有接收到部分物理层数据导致的，也可以是物理层数据解码或解密失败导致的，在此不加限定。
703、终端向第二接入网设备发送指示信息。
当终端确定第一链路失效时，终端可以通过第二链路向第二接入网设备发送指示信息。指示信息指示服务链路更新为第三链路。其中，第二链路和第三链路可以为N条备份链路中的同一备份链路，即第二接入网设备与终端之间的链路；也可以为N条备份链路中的不同备份链路，第三链路可以对应第二接入网设备，第二链路可以对应第三接入网设备，第二链路和第三链路也可以都对应第二接入网设备。第二接入网设备和第三接入网设备为上述K个接入网设备中的设备。当第一接入网设备对应多条链路时，第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备可以为同一接入网设备。
当第二链路与第三链路为不同的备份链路，且对应不同的接入网设备时，终端通过第二链路向第二接入网设备发送指示信息，可以理解为终端先通过第二链路向第三接入网设备发送指示信息，第三接入网设备向核心网设备发送指示信息，核心网设备向第二接入网设备发送指示信息，第二接入网设备接收来自核心网设备的指示信息。其中，第二接入网 设备接收到的指示信息与终端发送的指示信息可以相同，也可以不同，即第二接入网设备接收到的指示信息，可以为终端发送的指示信息经过处理后的信息。
相应地，第二接入网设备可以通过第二链路接收来自终端的指示信息，即接收来自终端的指示信息。指示信息可以承载在PUCCH上进行传输，也可以承载在PRACH上进行传输。
其中，其它相关描述可以参考步骤303中的相关描述。
704、第二接入网设备根据指示信息确定第三链路为终端的服务链路。
第二接入网设备通过第二链路接收到来自终端的指示信息之后，如果第二链路和第三链路均为第二接入网设备与终端建立的链路，则第二接入网设备可以根据指示信息确定第三链路为终端的服务链路。可选的，第二接入网设备可以向终端发送确认消息，之后第二接入网设备可以与终端通过第三链路进行通信。如果第二链路为第三接入网设备与终端建立的链路，第三接入网设备与第二接入网设备为不同接入网设备，那么第三接入网设备可以将上述指示信息转发给第二接入网设备。第二接入网设备确定第三链路为终端的服务链路。可选的，第二接入网设备向终端发送确认信息，之后第二接入网设备可以与终端通过第三链路进行通信。这里的第二接入网设备可以称为新的服务接入网设备。
在上行传输中，当第一链路有效时，终端可以向第一接入网设备发送第三信息，当第一链路失效，且第三链路生效之后，终端可以向新的服务接入网设备发送第四信息。为了保证终端发送的所有信息都能够到达核心网设备，在第三链路生效之后，终端可以将在确定第一链路失效前一段时间内发送给第一接入网设备的信息，再次向新的服务接入网设备发送；也可以将确定第一链路失效前没有接收到第一接入网设备发送的确认(acknowledge，ACK)信息的信息再次发送给新的服务接入网设备。而第一接入网设备和新的服务接入网设备可以将终端发送的信息全部发送给核心网设备，这将导致核心网设备从第一接入网设备与新的服务接入网设备接收的部分信息可能是重复的。因此，第三信息对应第一标识，第四信息对应第二标识。第一标识和第二标识可以为信息的序号，也可以为信息的内容的标识，还可以为其它可以标识信息的信息。当第三信息和第四信息为同一信息时，这两个信息携带的标识相同。因此，核心网设备接收到第三信息和第四信息之后，当确定第三信息和第四信息都来源于同一终端时，可以根据第一标识和第二标识确定第三信息和第四信息是否为重复的信息，当判断出第三信息和第四信息为重复的信息时，可以丢弃第三信息或第四信息中的一个，也可以将第三信息和第四信息合并为一个信息，即将第三信息和第四信息放在一起进行译码。终端也可以将一个完整的信息划分为几部分，当第一标识与第二标识相同时，表明第三信息和第四信息为属于同一个信息中的信息，可以按照第三信息和第四信息在这个信息中的序号将第三信息和第四信息合并为一个完整的信息。
在下行传输中，由于核心网设备只知道当前与终端进行通信的接入网设备，而无法预知下一刻与终端进行通信的接入网设备。因此，核心网设备为了保证信息能够传输给终端，核心网设备可以分别向上述K+1个接入网设备分别发送第二信息。此外，第二信息可以携带有第一时间戳，以便上述K+1个接入网设备接收到第二信息之后，可以根据第一时间戳确定是否向终端发送第二信息。第一时间戳可以用于表示核心网设备向接入网设备发送第二信息的发送时间，也可以用于表示第二信息的失效时间。接入网设备可以根据第一时间戳和当前时间向终端发送第二信息。当第一时间戳用于表示发送时间时，接入网设备可以 先计算当前时间与第一时间戳之间的时间间隔，当前时间晚于第一时间戳。当时间间隔大于或等于第二阈值时，表明第二信息丧失了时效性，将第二信息发送给终端已经没有意义，可以不向终端发送第二信息。此外，可以丢弃第二信息，以便可以节约存储空间。当时间间隔小于或等于第二阈值时，表明第二信息还没有丧失时效性，可以将第二信息发送给终端，或将第二信息处理之后再发送给终端。当第一时间戳用于表示失效时间时，接入网设备可以比较第一时间戳和当前时间，当第一时间间早于当前时间时，表明第二信息丧失了时效性，将第二信息发送给终端已经没有意义，可以不向终端发送第二信息。当第一时间戳晚于当前时间时，表明第二信息还没有丧失时效性，可以将第二信息发送给终端，或将第二信息处理之后再发送给终端。
图8是本申请实施例公开的又一种应用场景的示意图。如图8所示，终端可以与至少两个无线系统(如图1中的无线系统1和2)建立链路。至少两个无线系统与同一中心设备建立通信连接。每个无线系统对应至少一条链路。这些链路中的一条链路为终端的服务链路，这些链路中除服务链路之外的其它链路为终端的备份链路。无线系统可以包括接入网设备和核心网设备。
基于上述网络架构以及图8所示的应用场景，图9是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信方法的流程示意图。本申请中由无线系统执行的功能也可以由无线系统中的接入网设备或核心网设备来执行。如图9所示，该通信方法可以包括以下步骤。
901、终端与K+1个无线系统建立第一链路和N条备份链路。
902、终端确定第一链路是否失效，当第一链路失效时，执行步骤903。
903、终端向第二无线系统发送指示信息。
904、第二无线系统根据指示信息确定第三链路为终端的服务链路。
其中，步骤901～步骤904与步骤701～步骤704相似，详细描述可以参考步骤701～步骤704。
图9所述的方法与图7所述的方法的区别在于：用于标识链路的信息可以为接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识、小区标识、核心网上下文的标识、TCI和CC中的一种或多种；图7中由接入网设备执行的步骤在图9中由无线系统来执行。核心网上下文的标识可以为核心网上下文的内容，也可以为其它可以用于标识核心网上下文的信息。
应理解，上述K+1个无线系统使用的无线技术可以相同，也可以不同。例如，上述K+1个无线系统使用的无线技术可以均为NR空口技术。再例如，上述K+1个无线系统中部分无线系统使用的无线技术可以为NR空口技术，部分无线系统使用的技术可以为WiFi空口技术。
当无线系统使用的无线技术为NR空口技术时，指示信息可以承载在PUCCH上进行传输，也可以承载在PRACH上进行传输。当无线系统使用的技术为WiFi空口技术时，指示信息可以为特定的数据包。
在上行传输中，当第一链路有效时，终端设备可以向第一无线系统发送第三信息，当第一链路失效，且第三链路生效之后，终端设备可以向第二无线系统发送第四信息。而第一无线系统和新的服务无线系统可以将终端发送的信息全部发送给中心设备。详细描述可以参考步骤704下面的上行传输。
在下行传输中，中心设备可以分别向上述K+1个无线系统分别发送第二信息，第二信 息可以携带有第一时间戳。其中，详细描述可以参考步骤704下面的下行传输。
图10是本申请实施例公开的又一种应用场景的示意图。如图10所示，接入网设备可以与至少两个终端(如图1中的终端1和2)建立链路，每个终端对应一条或多条链路，这些链路中存在一条链路为接入网设备的服务链路，这些链路中除服务链路之外的其它链路为接入网设备的备份链路。
基于上述网络架构以及图10所示的应用场景，图11是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信方法的流程示意图。本申请中由中心设备执行的功能也可以由中心设备中的模块来执行。如图11所示，该通信方法可以包括以下步骤。
1101、接入网设备与K+1个终端建立第一链路和N条备份链路。
接入网设备可以与K+1个终端建立N+1条链路，即可以与K+1个终端建立第一链路和N条备份链路。第一链路为接入网设备的服务链路，可以理解为第一链路为接入网设备的当前通信链路，也可以理解为第一链路为接入网设备与终端当前进行通信的链路。K为小于或等于N正整数。一条链路对应一个终端设备。一个终端设备可以对应一条链路，也可以对应多条链路。
K+1个终端可以分别与接入网设备建立通信连接，得到N+1条链路。中心设备可以从N+1条链路中确定第一链路和N条备份链路，之后可以向接入网设备发送这些信息，可以通过K+1个终端中的部分或全部终端发送。接入网络设备接收到来自终端的信息之后，可以根据该信息确定哪条链路为服务链路，哪些链路为备份链路。之后接入网设备可以确定每条链路对应的信号，以及向每条链路对应的终端发送信息。上述信息可以包括该每条链路对应的信号。上述信息还可以包括是否为服务链路的信息。终端接收到来自接入网设备的上述信息之后，当为服务链路时，可以与接入网设备进行通信，且可以周期性地向接入网设备发送对应的信号，以便接入网设备测量与该终端之间的链路的有效性。当为备份链路时，终端可以存储对应的信号，也可以周期性地向接入网设备发送对应的信号，以便接入网设备测量与该终端之间的链路的有效性。
1102、接入网设备确定第一链路是否失效，当第一链路失效时，执行步骤1103。
1103、接入网设备向第二终端发送指示信息。
1104、第二终端根据指示信息确定第三链路为接入网设备的服务链路。
其中，步骤1101～步骤1104与步骤701～步骤704相似，详细描述可以参考步骤701～步骤704。
图11所示的方法与图7所示的方法的区别在于：用于标识链路的信息可以为终端的标识和CC中的一种或多种；图7中由终端执行的步骤在图11中由接入网设备来执行，图7中由接入网设备执行的步骤在图11中由终端来执行；图7中由核心网设备执行的步骤在图11中由中心设备来执行；指示信息可以承载在PDCCH上进行传输，也可以承载在PDSCH上进行传输。在一种实现方式中，第一信号可以为探测参考信号(sounding reference signal，SRS)或PRACH，在另一种实现方式中，第一信号为PUCCH或PUSCH。指示信息可以为DCI。
基于上述网络架构，图12是本申请实施例公开的又一种通信方法的流程示意图。如图 12所示，该通信方法可以包括以下步骤。
1201、第一通信装置建立第一链路和N条备份链路。
其中，第一链路为第一通信装置的服务链路，N为正整数。
在一种实现方式中，第一通信装置可以与第二通信装置建立第一链路和N条备份链路。第一通信装置可以为终端，第二通信装置可以为接入网设备，详细描述可以参考步骤301和步骤501。
在另一种实现方式中，第一通信装置可以与K+1个通信装置建立第一链路和N条备份链路。在一种情况下，第一通信装置可以为终端，K+1个通信装置可以为接入网设备，详细描述可以参考步骤701。在另一种情况下，第一通信装置可以为终端，K+1个通信装置可以为无线系统，也可以为无线系统中的接入网设备或核心网设备，详细描述可以参考步骤901。在又一种情况下，第一通信装置可以为接入网设备，K+1个通信装置可以为终端，详细描述可以参考步骤1101。K为小于或等于N的整数。
1202、第一通信装置确定第一链路是否失效，当第一链路失效时，执行步骤1203。
在一种实现方式中，第二通信装置可以周期性地通过第一链路向第一通信装置发送第一信号，详细描述可以参考步骤302和步骤502。在另一种实现方式中，第三通信装置可以周期性地通过第一链路向第一通信装置发送第一信号，详细描述可以参考步骤702、步骤902和步骤1102。
第一通信装置可以通过第一链路接收的第一信号，之后可以确定第一链路是否失效。在一种实现方式中，当第一信号的信号质量小于或等于第一阈值时，第一通信装置确定第一链路失效。第一信号可以为参考信号或PRACH。在另一种实现方式中，当接收第一信号失败时，第一通信装置可以确定第一链路失效。第一信号可以为控制信息、物理层数据或高层数据。第一信号可以关联第一链路的标识。当第一通信装置与第二通信装置建立第一链路和N条备份链路时，第一信号来自第二通信装置。当第一通信装置与K+1个通信装置建立第一链路和N条备份链路时，第一信号来自第三通信装置。第二通信装置和第三通信装置是不同的通信装置。
其中，步骤1202的详细描述可以参考步骤302、步骤502、步骤702、步骤902和步骤1102的描述。
1203、第一通信装置通过第二链路向第二通信装置发送指示信息。
相应地，第二通信装置可以通过第二链路接收来自第一通信装置的指示信息。
指示信息用于指示服务链路更新为第三链路，第二链路和第三链路为N条备份链路中的备份链路。第二链路和第三链路可以为同一备份链路，也可以为不同的备份链路。
当第二链路和第三链路为不同备份链路时，第二链路和第三链路对应的通信装置可以为同一通信装置，如图3和图5中的接入网设备。第二链路和第三链路对应的通信装置也可以为不同的通信装置，如图7中的不同无线系统，如图9中的不同接入网设备，如图11中的不同终端。
在一种情况下，指示信息可以包括第三链路的标识。在另一种情况下，指示信息的资源位置可以关联第三链路的标识。
第一链路的标识和第三链路的标识可以为TCI、CC、小区标识、核心网上下文的标识、 接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识、终端的标识中的一种或多种。
可选地，第一通信装置可以将N条备份链路中信号质量最好的备份链路确定为第三链路。
可选地，第一通信装置可以将N条备份链路中传输时延最小的备份链路确定为第二链路。
其中，步骤1203的详细描述可以参考步骤303、步骤503、步骤703、步骤903和步骤1103的相关描述。
1204、第二通信装置根据指示信息确定第三链路为第一通信装置的服务链路。
第二通信装置根据指示信息确定第三链路为第一通信装置的服务链路之后，第二通信装置可以通过第三链路接收来自第一通信装置的第一信息，之后可以向第四通信装置发送第一信息。
第二通信装置根据指示信息确定第三链路为第一通信装置的服务链路之后，第二通信装置可以接收来自第四通信装置的第二信息，之后可以通过第三链路向第一通信装置发送第二信息。第二信息可以携带有第一时间戳，第二通信装置可以根据第一时间戳和当前时间通过第三链路向第一通信装置发送第二信息。
第二通信装置可以通过第一链路接收来自第一通信装置的第三信息，以及可以通过第三链路接收来自第一通信装置的第四信息。第三信息对应第一标识，第四信息对应第二标识。当第一标识与第二标识相同时，第二通信装置可以丢弃第三信息或所述第四信息，也可以合并第三信息和第四信息。
其中，步骤1204的详细描述可以参考步骤304、步骤504、步骤704、步骤904和步骤1104的相关描述。
应理解，上述几个方法实施例中相关内容可以相互参考，上述有些方法实施例可以相互组合。
可以理解的是，为了实现上述实施例中功能，无线系统、接入网设备、核心网设备、终端和中心设备包括了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本申请中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及方法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件相结合的形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用场景和设计约束条件。
图13是本申请实施例公开的一种通信装置的结构示意图。如图13所示，该通信装置可以包括处理单元1301和收发单元1302。
在一种实现方式中，该通信装置可以为第一通信装置。
处理单元1301，用于建立第一链路和N条备份链路，第一链路为服务链路，N为正整数；
收发单元1302，用于当第一链路失效时，通过第二链路向第二通信装置发送指示信息，指示信息指示服务链路更新为第三链路，第二链路和第三链路为N条备份链路中的备份链路。
在一个实施例中，指示信息包括第三链路的标识；或，指示信息的资源位置关联第三链路的标识。
在一个实施例中，处理单元1301，还用于当第一信号的信号质量小于或等于第一阈值时，确定第一链路失效，第一信号关联第一链路的标识，第一信号为参考信号或PRACH，第一信号来自第二通信装置或第三通信装置。
在一个实施例中，处理单元1301，还用于当接收第一信号失败时，确定第一链路失效，第一信号关联第一链路的标识，第一信号为控制信息、物理层数据或高层数据，第一信号来自第二通信装置或第三通信装置。
在一个实施例中，第一链路的标识和第三链路的标识为TCI、CC、小区标识、核心网上下文的标识、接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识或终端的标识。
在一个实施例中，处理单元1301，还用于将所述N条备份链路中信号质量最好的备份链路确定为所述第三链路。
在一个实施例中，处理单元1301，还用于将所述N条备份链路中传输时延最小的备份链路确定为所述第二链路。
有关上述接处理单元1301和收发单元1302更详细的描述可以直接参考上述图3、图5、图7、图9、图11和图12所示的方法实施例中第一通信装置的相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
在另一种实现方式中，该通信装置可以为第二通信装置。
收发单元1302，用于通过第二链路接收来自第一通信装置的指示信息，指示信息指示服务链路更新为第三链路，第一通信装置建立有第一链路和N条备份链路，第一链路为服务链路，第二链路和第三链路为N条备份链路中的备份链路，N为正整数；
处理单元1301，用于根据指示信息确定第三链路为第一通信装置的服务链路。
在一个实施例中，指示信息包括第三链路的标识；或指示信息的资源位置关联第三链路的标识。
在一个实施例中，收发单元1302，还用于通过第二链路接收来自第一通信装置的指示信息之前，通过第一链路向第一通信装置发送第一信号，第一信号关联第一链路的标识，第一信号用于确定第一链路是否失效，第一信号为参考信号、PRACH、控制信息、物理层数据或高层数据。
在一个实施例中，第一链路的标识和第三链路的标识为TCI、CC、小区标识、核心网上下文的标识、接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识或终端的标识。
在一个实施例中，收发单元1302，还用于通过第三链路接收来自第一通信装置的第一信息；
收发单元1302，还用于向第四通信装置发送第一信息。
在一个实施例中，收发单元1302，还用于接收来自第四通信装置的第二信息；
收发单元1302，还用于通过第三链路向第一通信装置发送第二信息。
在一个实施例中，第二信息携带有第一时间戳，收发单元1302通过第三链路向第一通信装置发送第二信息包括：
根据第一时间戳和当前时间通过第三链路向第一通信装置发送第二信息。
在一个实施例中，收发单元1302，还用于通过第一链路接收来自第一通信装置的第三信息，第三信息对应第一标识；
收发单元1302，还用于通过第三链路接收来自第一通信装置的第四信息，第四信息对应第第二标识；
处理单元1301，还用于当第一标识与第二标识相同时，丢弃第三信息或第四信息，或者合并第三信息和第四信息。
有关上述接处理单元1301和收发单元1302更详细的描述可以直接参考上述图3、图5、图7、图9、图11和图12所示的方法实施例中第二通信装置的相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
图14是本申请实施例公开的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。如图14所示，该通信装置可以包括包括处理器1401和接口电路1401。处理器1401和接口电路1402之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路1402可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，该通信装置还可以包括存储器1403，用于存储处理器1401执行的指令或存储处理器1401运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器1401运行指令后产生的数据。
当该通信装置用于实现图3、图5、图7、图9、图11和图12所示的方法时，处理器1401用于实现上述处理单元1301的功能，接口电路1402用于实现上述收发单元1302的功能。
本申请实施例还公开一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有指令，该指令被执行时执行上述方法实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还公开一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，该指令被执行时执行上述方法实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还公开一种通信系统，该通信系统至少包括终端、接入网设备和核心网设备，具体描述可以参考图3、图5、图7、图9、图11和图12所示的通信方法。
可以理解的是，本申请的实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元，还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器，也可以是任何常规的处理器。
本申请的实施例中的方法步骤可以通过硬件的方式来实现，也可以由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器、闪存、只读存储器、可编程只读存储器、可擦除可编程只读存储器、电可擦除可编程只读存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于网络设备或终端中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于网络设备或终端中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产 品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。在本申请的文字描述中，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系；在本申请的公式中，字符“/”，表示前后关联对象是一种“相除”的关系。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一通信装置建立第一链路和N条备份链路，所述第一链路为服务链路，N为正整数；
    当所述第一链路失效时，所述第一通信装置通过第二链路向第二通信装置发送指示信息，所述指示信息指示服务链路更新为第三链路，所述第二链路和所述第三链路为所述N条备份链路中的备份链路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第三链路的标识；或，所述指示信息的资源位置关联所述第三链路的标识。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当第一信号的信号质量小于或等于第一阈值时，所述第一通信装置确定所述第一链路失效，所述第一信号关联所述第一链路的标识，所述第一信号为参考信号或随机接入信道PRACH，所述第一信号来自所述第二通信装置或第三通信装置。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当接收第一信号失败时，所述第一通信装置确定所述第一链路失效，所述第一信号关联所述第一链路的标识，所述第一信号为控制信息、物理层数据或高层数据，所述第一信号来自所述第二通信装置或第三通信装置。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一链路的标识和所述第三链路的标识为传输配置指示TCI、载波分量CC、小区标识、核心网上下文的标识、接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识或终端的标识。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通信装置将所述N条备份链路中信号质量最好的备份链路确定为所述第三链路。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通信装置将所述N条备份链路中传输时延最小的备份链路确定为所述第二链路。
  8. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二通信装置通过第二链路接收来自第一通信装置的指示信息，所述指示信息指示服务链路更新为第三链路，所述第一通信装置建立有第一链路和N条备份链路，所述第一链路为服务链路，所述第二链路和所述第三链路为所述N条备份链路中的备份链路，N为正整数；
    所述第二通信装置根据所述指示信息确定所述第三链路为所述第一通信装置的服务链路。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括所述第三链路的标识；或所述指示信息的资源位置关联所述第三链路的标识。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二通信装置通过第二链路接收来自第一通信装置的指示信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置通过所述第一链路向所述第一通信装置发送第一信号，所述第一信号关联所述第一链路的标识，所述第一信号用于确定所述第一链路是否失效，所述第一信号为参考信号、随机接入信道PRACH、控制信息、物理层数据或高层数据。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一链路的标识和所述第三链路的标识为传输配置指示TCI、载波分量CC、小区标识、核心网上下文的标识、接入网设备的标识、核心网设备的标识或终端的标识。
  12. 根据权利要求8-11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置通过所述第三链路接收来自所述第一通信装置的第一信息；
    所述第二通信装置向第四通信装置发送所述第一信息。
  13. 根据权利要求8-11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置接收来自第四通信装置的第二信息；
    所述第二通信装置通过所述第三链路向所述第一通信装置发送所述第二信息。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息携带有第一时间戳，所述第二通信装置通过所述第三链路向所述第一通信装置发送所述第二信息包括：
    所述第二通信装置根据所述第一时间戳和当前时间通过所述第三链路向所述第一通信装置发送所述第二信息。
  15. 根据权利要求8-11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置通过所述第一链路接收来自所述第一通信装置的第三信息，所述第三信息对应第一标识；
    所述第二通信装置通过所述第三链路接收来自所述第一通信装置的第四信息，所述第四信息对应第二标识；
    当所述第一标识与所述第二标识相同时，所述第二通信装置丢弃所述第三信息或所述第四信息，或者合并所述第三信息和所述第四信息。
  16. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法的单元。
  17. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求8-15任一项所述的方法的单元。
  18. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法。
  19. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求8-15任一项所述的方法。
  20. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求16所述的通信装置，以及如权利要求17所述的通信装置；或者
    如权利要求18所述的通信装置，以及如权利要求19所述的通信装置。
  21. 一种计算机程序，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序被通信装置执行时，实现如权利要求1-15任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被通信装置执行时，实现如权利要求1-15任一项所述的方法。
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