WO2025035763A1 - 电池单体及电池包 - Google Patents

电池单体及电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025035763A1
WO2025035763A1 PCT/CN2024/082380 CN2024082380W WO2025035763A1 WO 2025035763 A1 WO2025035763 A1 WO 2025035763A1 CN 2024082380 W CN2024082380 W CN 2024082380W WO 2025035763 A1 WO2025035763 A1 WO 2025035763A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bare
battery cell
battery
core
insulating film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/082380
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张素珍
谭健
方泽炜
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sunwoda Mobility Energy Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sunwoda Mobility Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sunwoda Mobility Energy Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Sunwoda Mobility Energy Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025035763A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025035763A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H01M50/133—Thickness
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of lithium-ion batteries, and in particular to a battery cell and a battery pack.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have become the main energy storage material for electronic products such as electric vehicles and smart phones due to their large capacity, light weight, high energy density, long cycle life, environmental friendliness, and no memory effect.
  • the battery cells of power batteries are mainly square aluminum shells, including bare cells, aluminum shells and top covers. Bare cells are prepared by winding or stacking the positive and negative pole pieces and diaphragms. Insulating films (also known as Mylar films, Mylar films) are set on both sides of the bare cells in the thickness direction for insulation protection, and then further wrapped with aluminum shells. At present, the insulating film is generally a flat plate structure with uniform thickness after unfolding, which only plays the role of insulation protection. In practical applications, it is difficult to meet the requirements.
  • the bare cells will generate heat and expand, and the expansion force in the middle of the bare cells is generally larger. After expansion, the bare cells tend to bulge in the middle first and stick to the insulating film, and then deform together with the insulating film and squeeze the aluminum shell, thereby affecting the fit of the bare cells. This can easily lead to gaps of varying degrees between the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator (e.g., a large gap in the middle and small gaps on both sides), which increases the lithium ion transmission path and reduces the electrochemical performance of the lithium ion battery.
  • the present application provides a battery cell and a battery pack, which can to a certain extent solve the technical problem in the related art that the bare battery cell heats up and expands, causing the middle part of the bare battery cell to bulge, which easily causes the bare battery cell to deform.
  • a battery cell the battery cell may include a shell, an insulating film and a bare cell;
  • the battery housing has a housing accommodating cavity, and the bare battery cell is arranged in the housing accommodating cavity;
  • the bare battery core has two first bare core side surfaces which are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the bare battery core;
  • the insulating film is arranged in the housing cavity, and the insulating film includes two first side film portions arranged at intervals; the two first side film portions are respectively arranged corresponding to the two first bare core side surfaces, and the bare core is sandwiched between the two first side film portions;
  • the thickness of the first side film portion decreases from the middle to both ends.
  • the insulating film may further include a bottom film portion, and two ends of the bottom film portion are respectively connected to one side of the first side film portion along the height direction of the bare cell;
  • the bare core also includes a first bare core bottom surface and a first bare core top surface that are arranged opposite to each other along the height direction of the bare core, and the bottom surface film portion is in contact with the first bare core bottom surface.
  • the bare core may further include two second bare core side surfaces arranged opposite to each other along the length direction of the bare core; the insulating film further includes two second side surface film portions respectively attached to the second bare core side surfaces;
  • the two first side film portions, the two second side film portions and the bottom film portion enclose and form a film cavity for accommodating the bare battery cell.
  • a plurality of through holes may be provided on the bottom film portion; and the plurality of through holes penetrate the bottom film portion along the height direction of the bare battery cell.
  • the two first side film portions, the two second side film portions and the one bottom film portion can be enclosed to form a film cavity for accommodating the bare battery cell.
  • the second side membrane portions on both sides of the first side membrane portion may overlap or partially overlap.
  • the first side surface film portion of the insulating film has an inner surface close to the bare battery core and an outer surface away from the bare battery core; the inner surface and the first bare core side are in contact, wherein the inner surface of the first side surface film portion is a plane, and the outer surface of the first side surface film portion is a curved surface.
  • an outer surface of the first side film portion of the insulating film at least partially abuts against an inner wall of the battery casing.
  • the sum of the maximum thickness dimensions of the two first side film portions may be a closed interval of 6%-15% of the size of the housing cavity of the shell.
  • the sum of the maximum thickness dimensions of the two first side membrane portions may be a closed interval of 7%-10% of the size of the housing cavity.
  • the two first side film portions can be equal to the size of the housing cavity.
  • the sum of the maximum thickness dimensions of the two first side film portions plus the size of the bare battery cell may be equal to the distance between the two first side film portions.
  • the first side film portion, the bottom film portion and the first side film portion can be connected in sequence along the thickness direction of the bare battery cell.
  • each of the first side film portions can be connected to the second side film portions respectively.
  • the material of the insulating film can be one of PET plastic, PC plastic or PVC plastic.
  • the battery housing may be an aluminum housing.
  • the first side film portion is attached to the first bare core side surface of the bare battery core at the end.
  • the ratio of the maximum thickness dimension of the first side surface film to the minimum dimension of the first side surface film portion may be in the range of 1.5 to 3.
  • the thickness of the first side film portion is gradually decreased from the middle to both ends to form an arch structure.
  • the first side film portion can be fixed on the bare battery cell by gluing or hot melting.
  • Some other embodiments of the present application further provide a battery pack, which may include a battery cell according to any of the above technical solutions.
  • the battery cell and battery pack provided by the present application include an insulating film and a bare cell; the thickness of the first side film portion of the insulating film is set to decrease from the middle to both ends along the height direction H of the bare cell, forming an arch structure or a similar arch structure; when the bare cell heats up and expands to be close to the insulating film, and squeezes the battery shell together with the insulating film, the reaction force from the battery shell can be decomposed by the structure of the insulating film, and then the reaction force is relatively evenly distributed on the insulating film and transmitted to the bare cell, so as to prevent or delay the bare cell from continuing to expand and deform.
  • the insulating film structure described in this embodiment can greatly reduce or avoid the technical problem of deformation of the bare cell.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is another schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating film provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of an insulating film provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Icon 100 - insulating film; 110 - bottom film portion; 120 - first side film portion; 130 - second side film portion; 140 - membrane cavity; 200 - bare cell; 210 - first bare core bottom surface; 220 - first bare core side surface; 230 - second bare core side surface; 240 - first bare core top surface; 300 - battery casing; 310 - casing accommodating cavity.
  • horizontal does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly inclined.
  • horizontal only means that its direction is more horizontal than “vertical”, and does not mean that the component is The structure does not have to be completely level, but can be slightly tilted.
  • the terms “set”, “install”, “connect”, and “connect” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in Figure 1 rotated 90° from a top view
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating film provided in the present embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the insulating film shown in Figure 3.
  • the battery cell provided in this embodiment can be used in power batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, and can be used in electric vehicles, electric bicycles, energy storage and other fields.
  • the battery cell may include an insulating film 100 and a bare cell 200.
  • the battery cell may further include a battery housing 300.
  • the insulating film 100 and the bare cell 200 may both be disposed in the battery housing 300, and the insulating film 100 may be disposed between the bare cell 200 and the battery housing 300.
  • the bare cell 200 has a height direction H, a length direction L, and a thickness direction T, wherein the height direction H, the length direction L, and the thickness direction T are perpendicular to each other.
  • the bare cell 200 may have first bare core side surfaces 220 disposed opposite to each other along a thickness direction T of the bare cell 200 .
  • the insulating film 100 may include two first side film portions 120 that are attached to the first bare core side 220. That is, the first bare core side 220 of the bare cell 200 may be attached to the first side film portion 120 of the insulating film 100.
  • the thickness of the first side membrane portion 120 is gradually decreasing from the middle to the two ends, forming an arch structure or a similar arch structure; through this structure, when the bare battery cell 200 heats up and expands to fit closely to the insulating film 100, and squeezes the battery shell 300 together with the insulating film 100, the arch structure or the similar arch structure of the insulating film 100 can be used to decompose the reaction force from the battery shell 300, so that the reaction force is relatively evenly distributed on the insulating film 100 and transmitted to the bare battery cell 200, which can effectively prevent or delay the bare battery cell 200 from continuing to expand and deform, thereby avoiding or reducing the poor contact caused by the separation of the positive and negative pole pieces of the bare battery cell 200 to a certain extent, thereby improving the electrochemical performance of the battery pack, and avoiding or reducing the safety hazard caused by excessive squeezing pressure on the middle part of the battery shell 300.
  • the battery cell in this embodiment may include an insulating film 100 and a bare battery cell 200; along the height direction H of the bare battery cell 200, the thickness of the first side film portion 120 of the insulating film 100 decreases from the middle to both ends to form an arch structure. Or a similar arched structure; when the bare cell 200 heats up and expands to fit against the insulating film 100, and squeezes the battery shell together with the insulating film 100, the structure of the insulating film 100 can decompose the reaction force from the battery shell, and then make the reaction force relatively evenly distributed on the insulating film 100 and transmitted to the bare cell 200, so as to prevent or delay the bare cell 200 from continuing to expand and deform.
  • the insulating film 100 structure described in this embodiment can greatly reduce or avoid the technical problem of deformation of the bare cell 200.
  • the insulating film 100 wraps the bare battery cell 200 and is placed in the battery shell 300, with a certain reserved gap between it and the inner wall of the battery shell 300.
  • the bare battery cell 200 will heat up and expand.
  • the middle part of the bare battery cell 200 will first bulge close to the insulating film 100, and then deform together with the insulating film 100 and squeeze the battery shell 300.
  • the battery cell described in this embodiment improves the structure of the insulating film 100.
  • the arched structure or a similar arched structure of the insulating film 100 squeezes the battery shell 300 together with the bare battery cell 200.
  • the reaction force of the battery shell 300 is evenly dispersed by the arched structure or the arched structure of the insulating film 100.
  • the action process of the reaction force of the battery shell 300 is shown by the arrows in Figure 1.
  • the dispersed force is relatively evenly transmitted to the bare battery cell 200, which can effectively prevent or delay the bare battery cell 200 from continuing to expand and deform, thereby avoiding or reducing the poor contact caused by the separation of the positive and negative pole pieces of the bare battery cell 200 to a certain extent.
  • the ratio range of the maximum thickness dimension of the first side membrane portion 120 to the minimum dimension of the first side membrane portion (120) can be: 1.5 ⁇ 3. Controlling the ratio range of the maximum dimension and the minimum dimension of the first side membrane portion 120 in the thickness direction to be 1.5 ⁇ 3 can not only achieve the purpose of decomposing the expansion force of the bare battery cell, but also effectively prevent or delay the continued expansion and deformation of the bare battery cell 200, thereby avoiding or reducing the poor contact caused by the separation of the positive and negative pole pieces of the bare battery cell 200 to a certain extent, and at the same time, it can also minimize the internal space of the battery housing cavity occupied by the first side membrane portion, thereby improving the energy density of the battery.
  • the dimension of the first side film portion 120 in the thickness direction can be measured by a vernier caliper or a micrometer.
  • the insulating film 100 of the present embodiment not only has the function of insulating protection, but also can effectively prevent or reduce the heat expansion and deformation of the bare battery cell 200 .
  • the insulating film 100 may further include a bottom film portion 110 , and the bottom film portion 110 is connected to one side of the first side film portion 120 along the height direction H of the bare battery cell 200 .
  • the bare cell 200 may further include a first bare core bottom surface 210 and a first bare core top surface 240 disposed opposite to each other along the height direction H of the bare cell 200, and the bottom surface film portion 110 is in contact with the first bare core bottom surface 210.
  • the bottom surface film portion 110 of the insulating film 100 can provide good insulation protection for the first bare core bottom surface 210 of the bare cell 200.
  • the bare core 200 may further include a second bare core side surface 230 disposed opposite to each other along the length direction L of the bare core 200; the insulating film 100 may further include two second side surface film portions 130 attached to the second bare core side surface 230.
  • the second side surface film portions 130 of the insulating film 100 can provide good insulation protection for the second bare core side surface 230 of the bare core 200.
  • the two first side film portions 120, the two second side film portions 130 and the bottom film portion 110 enclose a film cavity 140 for accommodating the bare battery cell 200.
  • the two first side film portions 120, the two second side film portions 130 and the bottom film portion 110 enclose a film cavity 140 to accommodate the bare battery cell 200.
  • the film cavity 140 is enclosed by the first side film portion 120, the second side film portion 130 and the bottom film portion 110 to accommodate the bare battery cell 200, so as to provide good insulation protection for the bare battery cell 200.
  • a plurality of through holes may be provided on the bottom film portion 110; the plurality of through holes penetrate the bottom film portion 110 along the height direction H of the bare cell 200.
  • the first side film portion 120 of the insulating film 100 may have an inner surface close to the bare cell 200 and an outer surface away from the bare cell 200; wherein the inner surface of the first side film portion 120 is a plane, and the outer surface of the first side film portion 120 is a curved surface.
  • the inner surface of the first side film portion 120 close to the bare cell 200 as a plane, the contact area between the insulating film 100 and the bare cell 200 is increased, so that the insulating film 100 can transfer the reaction force from the battery housing 300 to the bare cell 200 relatively evenly.
  • an arch structure or a similar arch structure of the insulating film 100 is formed.
  • the battery cell may further include a battery housing 300, the battery housing 300 may have a housing accommodating cavity 310, the bare cell 200 is disposed in the housing accommodating cavity 310, and the outer surface of the first side membrane portion 120 of the insulating film 100 at least partially abuts against the inner wall of the battery housing 300.
  • the battery housing 300 may be an aluminum shell or a shell made of other materials.
  • the battery cell may further include a battery housing 300, the battery housing 300 having a housing accommodating cavity 310, and the bare cell 200 is disposed in the housing accommodating cavity 310.
  • the sum of the maximum thickness dimensions of the two first side film portions 120 may be 6%-15% of the size of the housing accommodating cavity 310.
  • the space utilization efficiency of the bare cell 200 and the strength of the insulating film 100 are balanced.
  • the sum of the maximum thickness dimensions of the two first side membrane portions 120 is 6%, 8%, 11%, 12.5% or 15% of the size of the shell accommodating cavity 310 , or other values.
  • the sum of the maximum thickness dimensions of the two first side film portions 120 may be a closed interval of 7%-10% of the size of the shell accommodating cavity 310 .
  • the battery cell may further include a battery shell 300, the battery shell 300 has a shell accommodating cavity 310, and the bare battery cell 200 is arranged in the shell accommodating cavity 310.
  • the sum of the maximum thickness dimensions of the two first side film portions 120 plus the size of the bare battery cell 200 may be equal to the distance between the two first side film portions 120.
  • the distance between the two first side film portions 120 refers to the distance between the outer surfaces of the two first side film portions 120.
  • the first side film portions 120 are set to two, and the sum of the maximum dimensions of the two first side film portions 120 plus the dimension in the thickness direction of the battery cell is equal to the thickness dimension of the accommodating cavity. This arrangement allows the insulating film 100 to better fit the inner wall of the battery shell 300.
  • the size of the bare battery cell and the sizes of the two first side film portions can be measured using a vernier caliper or a micrometer.
  • the first side film portion 120 , the bottom film portion 110 and the first side film portion 120 are sequentially connected along the thickness direction T of the bare cell 200 .
  • each first side film portion 120 can be connected to the second side film portion 130 respectively.
  • the first side film portion 120, the second side film portion 130 and the bottom film portion 110 are enclosed to form a film cavity 140 for accommodating the bare cell 200, the second side film portions 130 on both sides of the first side film portion 120 overlap or partially overlap.
  • the material of the insulating film 100 is one of PET plastic, PC plastic or PVC plastic, or other materials.
  • PET plastic is polyethylene terephthalate plastic
  • PC plastic is polycarbonate plastic
  • PVC plastic is polyvinyl chloride plastic.
  • the insulating film is made of PET plastic, PC plastic or PVC plastic, which has a high cost performance, good insulation performance and good mechanical strength.
  • the first side film portion 120 is attached to the first bare cell side surface 220 of the end bare cell 200.
  • the first side film portion 120 can be fixed to the bare battery cell 200 by gluing or hot melting.
  • the first side film portion 120 is fixed to the bare battery cell 200 by gluing or hot melting to reduce the processing difficulty and cost of the battery cell to a certain extent.
  • the battery cell described in this embodiment may also use other methods to fix the first side film portion 120 and the bare battery cell 200.
  • the present embodiment also provides a battery pack, which may include the battery cells described in any of the embodiments described above.
  • the thickness of the first side membrane portion 120 of the insulating film 100 is gradually reduced from the middle to both ends along the height direction H of the bare battery cell 200, forming an arch structure or a similar arch structure; when the bare battery cell 200 heats up and expands to fit the insulating film 100, and squeezes the battery shell together with the insulating film 100, the reaction force from the battery shell can be decomposed by the structure of the insulating film 100, and the reaction force is relatively evenly distributed on the insulating film 100 and transmitted to the bare battery cell 200, so as to prevent or delay the bare battery cell 200 from continuing to expand and deform.
  • the insulating film 100 structure described in this embodiment can greatly reduce or avoid the technical problem of deformation of the bare battery cell 200.
  • the battery pack provided in this embodiment may include the battery cell described above.
  • the technical features of the battery cell disclosed above are also applicable to the battery pack.
  • the technical features of the battery cell disclosed above are not described again.
  • the battery pack described in this embodiment has the advantages of the battery cell described above.
  • the advantages of the battery cell disclosed above are not described again.
  • the present application provides a battery cell and a battery pack, which relate to the technical field of lithium-ion batteries;
  • the battery cell includes a battery shell, an insulating film and a bare cell;
  • the bare cell is arranged in a housing cavity of the shell, and the bare cell has two first bare core side surfaces arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the bare cell;
  • the insulating film is arranged in the housing cavity, and the insulating film includes two first side surface film portions that are in contact with the first bare core side surfaces; the bare cell is sandwiched between the two first side surface film portions, and along the height direction H of the bare cell, the thickness of the first side surface film portions decreases from the middle to both ends.
  • the battery pack includes a battery cell.
  • the present application provides a battery cell and a battery pack, which can decompose the reaction force from the battery shell through the structure of the insulating film, and then make the reaction force relatively evenly distributed on the insulating film and transmitted to the bare cell, so as to prevent or delay the bare cell from continuing to expand and deform.
  • the battery cells and battery packs of the present application are reproducible and can be used in a variety of industrial applications.
  • the battery cells and battery packs of the present application can be used in the field of lithium-ion battery technology.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池单体及电池包，涉及锂离子电池技术领域；该电池单体包括电池壳体、绝缘膜和裸电芯；裸电芯设置在壳体容纳腔内，裸电芯具有沿裸电芯的厚度方向相对设置的两个第一裸芯侧面；绝缘膜设置于设置于容纳腔内，绝缘膜包括与第一裸芯侧面相贴合的两个第一侧面膜部；裸电芯夹设于两个第一侧面膜部之间，沿裸电芯的高度方向H，第一侧面膜部的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置。该电池包包括电池单体。本申请提供了一种电池单体及电池包，可以通过绝缘膜的结构分解来自于电池壳体的反作用力，进而令反作用力相对均匀的分布在绝缘膜上并传递给裸电芯，以阻止或者延缓裸电芯继续膨胀变形。

Description

电池单体及电池包
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2023年08月14日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202322186982.5、名称为“电池单体及电池包”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及锂离子电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池单体及电池包。
背景技术
随着化石能源的枯竭和人们节能减排意识的增强，发展绿色能源技术以及电池储能技术已经成为必然。锂离子电池凭借其容量大、重量轻、能量密度高、循环寿命长、环境友好、无记忆效应等诸多优势，已成为电动汽车和智能手机等电子产品的主要储能材料。
其中，动力电池的电池单体以方形铝壳为主，包括裸电芯、铝壳和顶盖等。裸电芯是将正负极极片和隔膜采用卷绕或叠片的方式制备，在裸电芯厚度方向两侧会设置有绝缘膜(又称迈拉膜、麦拉膜)进行绝缘保护，然后再通过铝壳进一步包裹。目前，绝缘膜展开后一般为厚度均匀的平板结构，仅仅起到绝缘保护的作用，这在实际应用中，已经很难满足要求。
卷绕式动力电池在使用过程中，裸电芯会出现发热膨胀现象，而裸电芯中部的膨胀力一般比较大，裸电芯在膨胀后容易在中部位置首先隆起并贴紧绝缘膜，随后与绝缘膜一起变形并挤压铝壳，从而影响裸电芯的贴合性，易导致正极片、负极片以及隔膜之间产生不同程度的间隙(如中部间隙大，两边间隙小)，使锂离子传输路径增长，从而降低锂离子电池的电化学性能。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池单体及电池包，该电池单体及电池包能够在一定程度上解决相关技术中存在的裸电芯发热膨胀导致裸电芯中部位置隆起，而易造成的裸电芯变形的技术问题。
本申请的一些实施方式提供了以下技术方案：
一种电池单体，该电池单体可以包括壳体、绝缘膜和裸电芯；
所述电池壳体具有壳体容纳腔，所述裸电芯设置在所述壳体容纳腔内；
所述裸电芯具有沿所述裸电芯的厚度方向相对设置的两个第一裸芯侧面；
所述绝缘膜设置于所述壳体容纳腔内，所述绝缘膜包括间隔设置的两个第一侧面膜部；两个所述第一侧面膜部分别与两个所述第一裸芯侧面对应设置，所述裸电芯夹设于两个所述第一侧面膜部之间；
沿所述裸电芯的高度方向，所述第一侧面膜部的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，所述绝缘膜还可以包括底面膜部，所述底面膜部的两端分别连接于所述第一侧面膜部沿所述裸电芯高度方向的一侧；
所述裸电芯还包括沿所述裸电芯高度方向相对设置的第一裸芯底面和第一裸芯顶面，所述底面膜部与所述第一裸芯底面相贴合。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，所述裸电芯还可以具有沿所述裸电芯长度方向相对设置的两个第二裸芯侧面；所述绝缘膜还包括分别与所述第二裸芯侧面相贴合的两个第二侧面膜部；
两个所述第一侧面膜部、两个所述第二侧面膜部和所述底面膜部围合形成容纳所述裸电芯的膜腔。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，所述底面膜部上可以设置有多个通孔；多个所述通孔沿所述裸电芯的高度方向贯穿所述底面膜部。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，两个所述第一侧面膜部、两个所述第二侧面膜部和一个所述底面膜部可以围合形成容纳所述裸电芯的膜腔。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，当两个所述第一侧面膜部、两个所述第二侧面膜部和所述底面膜部围合形成容纳所述裸电芯的膜腔时，所述第一侧面膜部两侧的所述第二侧面膜部可以重合或者部分重合。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，沿所述裸电芯的厚度方向，所述绝缘膜的所述第一侧面膜部具有靠近所述裸电芯的内表面和远离所述裸电芯的外表面；所述内表面和所述第一裸芯侧面贴合，其中，所述第一侧面膜部的所述内表面为平面，所述第一侧面膜部的所述外表面为曲面。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，所述绝缘膜的所述第一侧面膜部的外表面至少部分与所述电池壳体的内壁抵接。
在上述任一技术方案中，沿所述裸电芯的厚度方向，所述两个第一侧面膜部的最大厚度尺寸之和可以为所述壳体容纳腔尺寸的6％-15％的闭区间。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，两个所述第一侧面膜部的最大厚度尺寸之和可以为所述壳体容纳腔尺寸的7％-10％的闭区间。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，沿所述裸电芯的厚度方向，两个所述第一侧面膜部 的最大厚度尺寸之和加上裸电芯的尺寸可以等于所述壳体容纳腔的尺寸。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，沿所述裸电芯的厚度方向，两个所述第一侧面膜部的最大厚度尺寸之和加上所述裸电芯的尺寸可以等于所述两个所述第一侧面膜部之间的距离。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，在所述绝缘膜的平面结构中，所述第一侧面膜部、所述底面膜部和所述第一侧面膜部沿所述裸电芯的厚度方向可以依次连接。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，沿所述裸电芯长度方向，每个所述第一侧面膜部的两侧可以分别连接所述第二侧面膜部。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，所述绝缘膜的材质可以为PET塑料、PC塑料或者PVC塑料中的一种。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，所述电池壳体可以为铝壳。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，所述裸电芯可以为多个，多个所述裸电芯沿所述裸电芯的厚度方向依次排列；
沿所述裸电芯的厚度方向，所述第一侧面膜部贴合于端部所述裸电芯的所述第一裸芯侧面上。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，沿所述裸电芯的厚度方向，所述第一侧面膜的最大厚度尺寸与所述第一侧面膜部的最小尺寸的比值范围可以为：1.5～3。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，沿所述裸电芯的高度方向，所述第一侧面膜部的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置以形成拱形结构。
在上述任一技术方案中，可选地，所述第一侧面膜部可以通过胶粘或者热熔的方式固定在所述裸电芯上。
本申请的另一些实施方式还提供了一种电池包，该电池包可以包括根据上述技术方案中的任一技术方案所述的电池单体。
本申请的有益效果主要在于：
本申请提供的电池单体及电池包，包括绝缘膜和裸电芯；通过沿裸电芯的高度方向H，绝缘膜的第一侧面膜部的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置，形成拱形结构或者类似拱形结构；在裸电芯发热膨胀贴紧绝缘膜，并与绝缘膜一起挤压电池壳体时，可以通过绝缘膜的结构分解来自于电池壳体的反作用力，进而令反作用力相对均匀的分布在绝缘膜上并传递给裸电芯，以阻止或者延缓裸电芯继续膨胀变形。相对于采用平板结构的绝缘膜，本实施例所述的绝缘膜结构可极大降低或者避免裸电芯变形的技术问题。
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举较佳实施例，并配合附图，作详细说明如下。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请的实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图；
图2为本申请的实施例提供的电池单体的另一结构示意图；
图3为本申请的实施例提供的绝缘膜的结构示意图；
图4为本申请的实施例提供的绝缘膜的平面结构示意图。
图标：100-绝缘膜；110-底面膜部；120-第一侧面膜部；130-第二侧面膜部；140-膜腔；200-裸电芯；210-第一裸芯底面；220-第一裸芯侧面；230-第二裸芯侧面；240-第一裸芯顶面；300-电池壳体；310-壳体容纳腔。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以采用各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是本申请的产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，术语“水平”、“竖直”、“悬垂”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该 结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
下面结合附图，对本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
实施例
本实施例提供一种电池单体及电池包；请参照图1-图4，图1和图2为本实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图，其中图1所示为电池单体的剖视图，图2为图1所示电池单体的俯视方向、旋转90°的剖视图；图3为本实施例提供的绝缘膜的结构示意图，图4为图3所示的绝缘膜的平面结构示意图。
本实施例提供的电池单体，可用于动力电池，例如用于锂离子电池。电池单体可用于电动汽车、电动自行车或储能等领域。
参见图1-图4所示，电池单体可以包括绝缘膜100和裸电芯200。本实施例中，电池单体还可以包括电池壳体300。绝缘膜100和裸电芯200可以均设置在电池壳体300内，绝缘膜100可以设置在裸电芯200和电池壳体300之间，裸电芯200具有高度方向H,长度方向L和厚度方向T，其中，高度方向H,长度方向L和厚度方向T两两之间是相互垂直的。
裸电芯200可以具有沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T相对设置的第一裸芯侧面220。
绝缘膜100可以包括与第一裸芯侧面220相贴合的两个第一侧面膜部120。也就是说，裸电芯200的第一裸芯侧面220可以与绝缘膜100的第一侧面膜部120相贴合。
沿裸电芯200的高度方向H，第一侧面膜部120的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置，形成拱形结构或者类似拱形结构；通过该结构，在裸电芯200发热膨胀贴紧绝缘膜100，并与绝缘膜100一起挤压电池壳体300时，可以通过绝缘膜100的拱形结构或者类似拱形结构分解来自于电池壳体300的反作用力，从而使反作用力相对均匀的分布在绝缘膜100上并传递给裸电芯200，可有效阻止或者延缓裸电芯200继续膨胀变形，从而在一定程度上避免或者降低了裸电芯200的正负极极片分离而造成的接触不良，进而可提升电池包电化学性能，还能够避免或者降低电池壳体300中部受挤压力过大而造成的安全隐患。
本实施例中所述电池单体可以包括绝缘膜100和裸电芯200；通过沿裸电芯200的高度方向H，绝缘膜100的第一侧面膜部120的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置，形成拱形结构 或者类似拱形结构；在裸电芯200发热膨胀贴紧绝缘膜100，并与绝缘膜100一起挤压电池壳体时，可以通过绝缘膜100的结构分解来自于电池壳体的反作用力，进而令反作用力相对均匀的分布在绝缘膜100上并传递给裸电芯200，以阻止或者延缓裸电芯200继续膨胀变形。相对于采用平板结构的绝缘膜，本实施例所述的绝缘膜100结构可极大降低或者避免裸电芯200变形的技术问题。
相关技术中，绝缘膜100包裹裸电芯200后放置在电池壳体300内，并与电池壳体300的内壁具有一定的预留间隙，在电池使用过程中裸电芯200会出现发热膨胀现象，裸电芯200首先隆起的中部贴紧绝缘膜100，随后与绝缘膜100一起变形并挤压电池壳体300。本实施例中所述电池单体，通过改进绝缘膜100的结构，当裸电芯200首先隆起的中部贴紧绝缘膜100时，绝缘膜100的拱形结构或者类似拱形结构随裸电芯200一起挤压电池壳体300，电池壳体300的反作用力被拱形结构或者类似拱形结构的绝缘膜100均匀分散，电池壳体300反作用力的作用过程如图1中的箭头所示，分散后的力相对均匀的传递给裸电芯200，可有效阻止或者延缓裸电芯200继续膨胀变形，从而在一定程度上避免或者降低了裸电芯200的正负极极片分离而造成的接触不良。
本实施例的可选方案中，沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T，第一侧面膜部120的最大厚度尺寸与所述第一侧面膜部(120)的最小尺寸的比值范围可以为：1.5～3，将第一侧面膜部120厚度方向的最大尺寸和最小尺寸比例范围控制在1.5～3既能够达到分解裸电芯的膨胀力，能够有效阻止或者延缓裸电芯200继续膨胀变形，从而在一定程度上避免或者降低了裸电芯200的正负极极片分离而造成的接触不良，同时也能尽量的减少第一侧面膜部占用的电池容纳腔内部空间，提升电池的能量密度。
本实施例中，第一侧面膜部120厚度方向的尺寸可以用游标卡尺或者千分尺测量得出。
本实施例绝缘膜100不仅具有绝缘保护的作用，还能够有效阻止或者降低裸电芯200发热膨胀变形量。
如图1至图4所示，本实施例的可选方案中，绝缘膜100还可以包括底面膜部110，该底面膜部110连接于第一侧面膜部120沿裸电芯200高度方向H的一侧。
裸电芯200还可以包括沿裸电芯200高度方向H相对设置的第一裸芯底面210和第一裸芯顶面240，底面膜部110与第一裸芯底面210相贴合。通过绝缘膜100的底面膜部110，以能够对裸电芯200的第一裸芯底面210进行良好的绝缘保护。
如图1至图4所示，本实施例的可选方案中，裸电芯200还可以具有沿裸电芯200长度方向L相对设置的第二裸芯侧面230；绝缘膜100还可以包括与第二裸芯侧面230相贴合的两个第二侧面膜部130。通过绝缘膜100的第二侧面膜部130，以能够对裸电芯200的第二裸芯侧面230进行良好的绝缘保护。
两个第一侧面膜部120、两个第二侧面膜部130和底面膜部110围合形成容纳裸电芯200的膜腔140。例如，两个第一侧面膜部120、两个第二侧面膜部130和一个底面膜部110围合形成膜腔140，以容纳裸电芯200。通过第一侧面膜部120、第二侧面膜部130和底面膜部110围合形成膜腔140，以便于容纳裸电芯200，以能够对裸电芯200进行良好的绝缘保护。
本实施例的可选方案中，底面膜部110上可以设置有多个通孔；多个通孔沿裸电芯200的高度方向H贯穿底面膜部110。通过设置在底面膜部110上的多个通孔，能够提高对裸电芯200的散热性能，能够加速膜腔140内外的空气流动。
如图1至图4所示，本实施例的可选方案中，沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T，绝缘膜100的第一侧面膜部120可以具有靠近裸电芯200的内表面和远离裸电芯200的外表面；其中，第一侧面膜部120的内表面为平面，第一侧面膜部120的外表面为曲面。通过将第一侧面膜部120的靠近裸电芯200的内表面设置为平面，来增加绝缘膜100与裸电芯200之间的接触面积，便于绝缘膜100将来自于电池壳体300的反作用力相对均匀的传递给裸电芯200。通过将第一侧面膜部120的远离裸电芯200的外表面设置为曲面，来形成绝缘膜100的拱形结构或者类似拱形结构。
如图1和图2所示，本实施例的可选方案中，电池单体还可以包括电池壳体300，电池壳体300可以具有壳体容纳腔310，裸电芯200设置在壳体容纳腔310内，绝缘膜100的第一侧面膜部120的外表面至少部分与电池壳体300的内壁抵接。以此方式，通过将绝缘膜100的第一侧面膜部120的外表面构造成至少部分与电池壳体300的内壁抵接，来便于在裸电芯200出现发热膨胀现象而与绝缘膜100一起挤压电池壳体300的内壁时，电池壳体300的反作用力能够较好的作用在绝缘膜100的第一侧面膜部120上。
可选地，电池壳体300可以为铝壳或者其他材质壳体。
如图1和图2所示，本实施例的可选方案中，电池单体还可以包括电池壳体300，电池壳体300具有壳体容纳腔310，裸电芯200设置在壳体容纳腔310内。沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T，两个第一侧面膜部120的最大厚度尺寸之和可以为壳体容纳腔310尺寸的6％-15％。在本申请的可选实施方案中，通过将两个第一侧面膜部120的最大厚度尺寸之和设置为壳体容纳腔310尺寸的6％-15％的闭区间，来平衡裸电芯200的空间利用效率和绝缘膜100的强度。
可选地，沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T，两个第一侧面膜部120的最大厚度尺寸之和为壳体容纳腔310尺寸的6％、8％、11％、12.5％或15％，或者其他数值。
可选地，沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T，两个第一侧面膜部120的最大厚度尺寸之和可以为壳体容纳腔310尺寸的7％-10％的闭区间。
如图1和图2所示，本实施例的可选方案中，电池单体还可以包括电池壳体300，电池壳体300具有壳体容纳腔310，裸电芯200设置在壳体容纳腔310内。沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T，两个第一侧面膜部120的最大厚度尺寸之和加上裸电芯200的尺寸可以等于所述两个第一侧面膜部120之间的距离。在本申请的实施例中，两个第一侧面膜部120之间的距离指的是两个第一侧面膜部120的外表面之间的距离。具体的，第一侧面膜部120设置为两个，两个第一侧面膜部120的最大尺寸之和加上电芯厚度方向的尺寸等于容纳腔的厚度尺寸。通过这样设置可以使绝缘膜100更好地贴合电池壳体300的内壁。
需要说明的是，沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T,裸电芯的尺寸和两个第一侧面膜部的尺寸可以用游标卡尺或者千分尺测量得出。
如图4所示，本实施例的可选方案中，在所述绝缘膜100的平面结构中，第一侧面膜部120、底面膜部110和第一侧面膜部120沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T依次连接。
沿裸电芯200长度方向L，每个第一侧面膜部120的两侧可以分别连接第二侧面膜部130。当第一侧面膜部120、第二侧面膜部130和底面膜部110围合形成容纳裸电芯200的膜腔140时，第一侧面膜部120两侧的第二侧面膜部130重合或者部分重合。
本实施例的可选方案中，绝缘膜100的材质为PET塑料、PC塑料或者PVC塑料中的一种，或者其他材料。其中，PET塑料为聚对苯二甲酸类塑料，PC塑料为聚碳酸酯类塑料，PVC塑料为聚氯乙烯类塑料。通过绝缘膜的材质采用PET塑料、PC塑料或者PVC塑料，其性价比较高、绝缘性能较佳、机械强度较好。
本实施例的可选方案中，裸电芯200可以为多个，多个裸电芯200沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T依次排列。
沿裸电芯200的厚度方向T，第一侧面膜部120贴合于端部裸电芯200的第一裸芯侧面220上。通过在电池单体内设置多个裸电芯200，可有效提高电池单体的电能。
本实施例的可选方案中，第一侧面膜部120可以通过胶粘或者热熔的方式固定在裸电芯200上。通过胶粘或者热熔的方式将第一侧面膜部120固定在裸电芯200上，以在一定程度上降低电池单体的加工难度和加工成本。
本实施例所述的电池单体还可以采用其他方式固定第一侧面膜部120和裸电芯200。
本实施例还提供一种电池包，该电池包可以包括如上所述的实施例中的任一实施例所述的电池单体。在本实施例的电池包中，通过沿裸电芯200的高度方向H，绝缘膜100的第一侧面膜部120的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置，形成拱形结构或者类似拱形结构；在裸电芯200发热膨胀贴紧绝缘膜100，并与绝缘膜100一起挤压电池壳体时，可以通过绝缘膜100的结构分解来自于电池壳体的反作用力，进而令反作用力相对均匀的分布在绝缘膜100上并传递给裸电芯200，以阻止或者延缓裸电芯200继续膨胀变形。相对于采用平 板结构的绝缘膜，本实施例所述的绝缘膜100结构可极大降低或者避免裸电芯200变形的技术问题。
本实施例提供的电池包，该电池包可以包括如上所述的电池单体，上述所公开的电池单体的技术特征也适用于该电池包，上述已公开的电池单体的技术特征不再重复描述。本实施例中所述电池包具有上述电池单体的优点，上述所公开的所述电池单体的优点在此不再重复描述。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
本申请提供了一种电池单体及电池包，涉及锂离子电池技术领域；该电池单体包括电池壳体、绝缘膜和裸电芯；裸电芯设置在壳体容纳腔内，裸电芯具有沿裸电芯的厚度方向相对设置的两个第一裸芯侧面；绝缘膜设置于设置于容纳腔内，绝缘膜包括与第一裸芯侧面相贴合的两个第一侧面膜部；裸电芯夹设于两个第一侧面膜部之间，沿裸电芯的高度方向H，第一侧面膜部的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置。该电池包包括电池单体。本申请提供一种电池单体及电池包，可以通过绝缘膜的结构分解来自于电池壳体的反作用力，进而令反作用力相对均匀的分布在绝缘膜上并传递给裸电芯，以阻止或者延缓裸电芯继续膨胀变形。
此外，可以理解的是，本申请的电池单体及电池包是可以重现的，并且可以用在多种工业应用中。例如，本申请的电池单体及电池包可以用于锂离子电池技术领域。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电池单体，其中，所述电池单体包括电池壳体(300)、绝缘膜(100)和裸电芯(200)；
    所述电池壳体(300)具有壳体容纳腔(310)，所述裸电芯(200)设置在所述壳体容纳腔(310)内；
    所述裸电芯(200)具有沿所述裸电芯(200)的厚度方向(T)相对设置的两个第一裸芯侧面(220)；
    所述绝缘膜(100)设置于所述壳体容纳腔(310)内，所述绝缘膜(100)包括间隔设置的两个第一侧面膜部(120)；两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)分别与两个所述第一裸芯侧面对应设置，所述裸电芯(200)夹设于两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)之间；
    沿所述裸电芯(200)的高度方向(H)，所述第一侧面膜部(120)的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述绝缘膜(100)还包括底面膜部(110)，所述底面膜部(110)的两端分别连接于所述第一侧面膜部(120)沿所述裸电芯(200)高度方向(H)的一侧；
    所述裸电芯(200)还包括沿所述裸电芯(200)高度方向(H)相对设置的第一裸芯底面(210)和第一裸芯顶面(240)，所述底面膜部(110)与所述第一裸芯底面(210)相贴合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，所述底面膜部(110)上设置有多个通孔；多个所述通孔沿所述裸电芯(200)的高度方向(H)贯穿所述底面膜部(110)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述裸电芯(200)还具有沿所述裸电芯(200)长度方向(L)相对设置的两个第二裸芯侧面(230)；所述绝缘膜(100)还包括分别与所述第二裸芯侧面(230)相贴合的两个第二侧面膜部(130)；
    两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)、两个所述第二侧面膜部(130)和所述底面膜部(110)围合形成容纳所述裸电芯(200)的膜腔(140)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)、两个所述第二侧面膜部(130)和一个所述底面膜部(110)围合形成容纳所述裸电芯(200)的膜腔(140)。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，当两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)、两个所述第二侧面膜部(130)和所述底面膜部(110)围合形成容纳所述裸电芯(200)的膜腔(140)时，所述第一侧面膜部(120)两侧的所述第二侧面膜部(130)重合或者部分重合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述裸电芯(200)的厚度方向(T)，所述绝缘膜(100)的所述第一侧面膜部(120)具有靠近所述裸电芯(200)的内表面和远离所述裸电芯(200)的外表面；所述内表面和所述第一裸芯侧面(220)贴合，所述第一侧面膜部(120)的所述内表面为平面，所述第一侧面膜部(120)的所述外表面为曲面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，其中，所述绝缘膜(100)的所述第一侧面膜部(120)的外表面至少部分与所述电池壳体(300)的内壁抵接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述裸电芯(200)的厚度方向(T)，两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)的最大厚度尺寸之和为所述壳体容纳腔(310)尺寸的6％-15％的闭区间，或，两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)的最大厚度尺寸之和为所述壳体容纳腔(310)尺寸的7％-10％的闭区间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述裸电芯(200)的厚度方向(T)，两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)的最大厚度尺寸之和加上所述裸电芯(200)的尺寸等于所述壳体容纳腔(310)的尺寸。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述裸电芯(200)的厚度方向(T)，两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)的最大厚度尺寸之和加上所述裸电芯(200)的尺寸等于所述两个所述第一侧面膜部(120)之间的距离。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，在所述绝缘膜(100)的平面结构中，所述第一侧面膜部(120)、所述底面膜部(110)和所述第一侧面膜部(120)沿所述裸电芯(200)的厚度方向(T)依次连接。
  13. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述裸电芯(200)长度方向(L)，每个所述第一侧面膜部(120)的两侧分别连接所述第二侧面膜部(130)。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述绝缘膜的材质为PET塑料、PC塑料或者PVC塑料中的一种。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池壳体(300)为铝壳。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述裸电芯(200)为多个，多个所述裸电芯(200)沿所述裸电芯(200)的厚度方向(T)依次排列；
    沿所述裸电芯(200)的厚度方向(T)，所述第一侧面膜部(120)贴合于端部所述裸电芯(200)的所述第一裸芯侧面(220)上。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述裸电芯(200)的厚度方向(T)，所述第一侧面膜部(120)的最大厚度尺寸与所述第一侧面膜部(120)的最小尺寸的比值范围为：1.5～3。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述裸电芯(200)的高度方向(H)， 所述第一侧面膜部(120)的厚度从中间向两端呈递减设置以形成拱形结构。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一侧面膜部(120)通过胶粘或者热熔的方式固定在所述裸电芯(200)上。
  20. 一种电池包，其中，所述电池包包括根据权利要求1至19中任一项所述的电池单体。
PCT/CN2024/082380 2023-08-14 2024-03-19 电池单体及电池包 Pending WO2025035763A1 (zh)

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