WO2025010684A1 - 端盖组件、储能装置和用电设备 - Google Patents

端盖组件、储能装置和用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025010684A1
WO2025010684A1 PCT/CN2023/107087 CN2023107087W WO2025010684A1 WO 2025010684 A1 WO2025010684 A1 WO 2025010684A1 CN 2023107087 W CN2023107087 W CN 2023107087W WO 2025010684 A1 WO2025010684 A1 WO 2025010684A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cover
column
mounting hole
annular
column portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/107087
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李茂松
檀基本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Shenzhen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Shenzhen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd, Shenzhen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2023/107087 priority Critical patent/WO2025010684A1/zh
Priority to EP23944704.8A priority patent/EP4734248A1/en
Publication of WO2025010684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025010684A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an end cover assembly, an energy storage device and an electrical equipment.
  • a secondary battery also known as a rechargeable battery or storage battery, refers to a battery that can be used continuously by recharging the active material after the battery is discharged.
  • the recyclable nature of secondary batteries has made them gradually become the main power source for electrical equipment.
  • people have higher and higher requirements for their performance in various aspects, especially for the energy density per unit volume of the battery.
  • the sealing performance of the battery end cap assembly is an important parameter that affects the reliability of battery use.
  • the current end cap assembly mainly uses a sealing ring mounted on the pole to achieve the seal between the pole and the end cap, and the sealing performance of the end cap assembly is poor.
  • the present application provides an end cover assembly, an energy storage device and an electrical device, which are used to improve the sealing performance of the end cover assembly.
  • the present application provides an end cap assembly for use in an energy storage device.
  • the end cap assembly includes an end cap and a pole assembly, the end cap is provided with a mounting hole, the mounting hole penetrates the end cap along the thickness direction of the end cap,
  • the pole assembly includes a pole, a sealing ring and an upper plastic
  • the pole includes a column portion, the column portion is provided with an annular groove, the opening of the annular groove is located on the outer peripheral surface of the column portion, the annular groove is arranged around the periphery of the column portion, the column portion is penetrated by the mounting hole, the column portion is provided with at least one first annular structure, the first annular structure is arranged on the peripheral surface of the column portion and arranged around the column portion, the sealing ring is sleeved on the column portion, covers the first annular structure, and is clamped between the end cap and the pole, the upper plastic is sleeved on the column portion, covers the groove wall of the annular groove, and is connected between the column portion
  • first annular structures There are a plurality of the first annular structures, and the plurality of the first annular structures are arranged in sequence and at equal intervals along the height direction of the column portion.
  • the first annular structure is in a thread shape or a line shape.
  • each of the first annular structures is provided with at least one first notch along the circumference of the column portion.
  • the first notches of every two adjacent first annular structures are arranged opposite to each other, or the first notches of every two adjacent first annular structures are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the width of the first annular structure is between 0.02 mm and 0.45 mm.
  • the pole further comprises a flange portion, the flange portion is fixedly connected to one side of the column portion, the flange portion is provided with at least one second annular structure, the second annular structure is provided on the surface of the flange portion facing the column portion, and is arranged around the column portion;
  • the sealing ring abuts against a surface of the flange portion facing the column portion and covers at least a portion of the second annular structure.
  • the multiple first annular structures are arranged in sequence at equal intervals and cover the surface of the flange portion facing the column portion.
  • each of the second annular structures is provided with at least one second notch arranged along the circumference of the column portion.
  • the second notches of every two adjacent second annular structures are arranged opposite to each other, or the second notches of every two adjacent second annular structures are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the width of the second annular structure is smaller than the width of the first annular structure.
  • the width of the second annular structure is between 0.01 mm and 0.35 mm.
  • the upper plastic is provided with a convex ring and a convex rib
  • the convex ring is provided on the surface of the upper plastic facing the end cover and is arranged around the column portion, at least part of the convex ring is located in the mounting hole, and is provided between the hole wall of the mounting hole and the column portion, and abuts against a part of the surface of the sealing ring away from the flange portion
  • the convex rib is provided on the surface of the convex ring facing the sealing member and is arranged around the column portion
  • the convex rib is located between the inner side surface of the sealing ring and the outer peripheral surface of the column portion.
  • the flange portion is further provided with at least one third annular structure, and the third annular structure is provided on a surface of the flange portion which is away from the column portion.
  • third annular structures there are multiple third annular structures, and the multiple third annular structures are cocentric and cover the surface of the flange portion away from the column portion.
  • the column portion is provided with a step groove, the opening of the step groove is located on the surface of the column portion away from the flange portion, the step groove is arranged around the edge of the column portion and passes through the outer peripheral surface of the column portion;
  • the upper plastic is also provided with a step ring, which is fixedly connected to the side of the upper plastic facing the pole and is located on the side of the upper plastic away from the end cover.
  • the step ring partially covers the step groove, and there is a gap between the inner side surface of the step ring and the side wall surface of the step groove.
  • the mounting hole includes a mounting hole portion and a countersunk hole portion
  • the countersunk hole portion is located on one side of the mounting hole portion and is connected to the mounting hole portion
  • the cross-sectional area of the countersunk hole portion is larger than the cross-sectional area of the mounting hole portion
  • the hole wall of the countersunk portion includes a plurality of guide portions, the plurality of guide portions are arranged at intervals around the mounting portion, and the upper plastic covers the plurality of guide portions.
  • each of the guide portions is spaced apart from the mounting hole portion.
  • the thickness of the guide portion gradually decreases along the direction from the countersunk hole portion to the mounting hole portion.
  • the mounting hole portion includes a mounting part and a connecting part, the connecting part connects the mounting part and the countersunk hole portion, and a cross section of the connecting part gradually decreases in a direction from the countersunk hole portion to the mounting hole portion.
  • the present application further provides an energy storage device, comprising a shell and any of the end cover assemblies described above, wherein the end cover assembly is installed on one side of the shell.
  • the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the energy storage device described above, wherein the energy storage device supplies power to the electrical device.
  • the column portion of the pole is provided with a first annular structure, and the first annular structure is arranged around the column portion.
  • the design of the first annular structure can increase the contact area between the column portion and the sealing ring, which helps to improve the sealing performance of the sealing ring.
  • the first annular structure can be formed at one time by controlling the depth of the cutter head, which can reduce the processing steps of the pole and help reduce the processing cost of the pole.
  • FIG1 is an application scenario diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device in the energy storage system shown in FIG1 ;
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cover assembly in the energy storage device shown in FIG2 ;
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cover assembly shown in FIG3 after being cut along AA;
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the end cover assembly shown in FIG3;
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower plastic in the end cover assembly shown in FIG5;
  • FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cover in the end cover assembly shown in FIG5;
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cover shown in FIG7 after being cut open along the B-B line;
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the end cover shown in FIG7 after being cut along C-C;
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the positive electrode assembly in the end cap assembly shown in FIG5 ;
  • FIG11a is a schematic structural diagram of the first pole in the positive electrode assembly shown in FIG10 in a first embodiment
  • FIG11b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pole shown in FIG11a at another angle;
  • FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pole shown in FIG11a after being cut along D-D;
  • FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pole in the positive electrode assembly shown in FIG10 under a second embodiment
  • FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pole in the positive electrode assembly shown in FIG10 in a third embodiment
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first upper plastic in the positive electrode assembly shown in FIG10 at another angle;
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first upper plastic in the positive electrode assembly shown in FIG10 after being cut open along the line E-E;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the negative electrode assembly in the end cap assembly shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the names corresponding to the reference numerals in the figure are: energy storage system 1000, light energy conversion device 400, wind energy conversion device 300, power grid 200, energy storage device 100, shell 110, end cover assembly 120, lower plastic 10, end cover 20, explosion-proof valve 30, protective sheet 40, seal 50, pole assembly 60, positive electrode assembly 70, negative electrode assembly 80, positive electrode lower plastic 11, negative electrode lower plastic 12, first assembly boss 111, first through hole 112, liquid inlet hole 113, fence part 121, second assembly boss 122, second through hole 123, air vent 124, mounting boss 21, first mounting boss 22, second mounting boss 23, avoidance groove 201, explosion-proof hole 202, injection hole 203, mounting hole 204, first avoidance groove 205, second avoidance groove 206, first mounting hole 207, second mounting hole 208, first mounting hole portion 2071, first countersunk hole portion 2072, first protrusion 24, first guide portion 241, first guide surface 242, first mounting portion 2073, first connecting portion 2074, second mounting hole portion 2081, second countersunk hole portion 2082, first pole 71
  • this solution provides an energy storage device, which has a group of chemical batteries in it.
  • the chemical elements in the chemical batteries are mainly used as energy storage media.
  • the charging and discharging process is accompanied by chemical reactions or changes in the energy storage media.
  • the electricity generated by wind and solar energy is stored in chemical batteries.
  • the use of external electricity reaches its peak, the stored electricity is released for use, or transferred to places where electricity is scarce for use.
  • energy storage i.e. energy storage
  • power generation side energy storage grid side energy storage
  • renewable energy grid-connected energy storage base station side energy storage
  • user side energy storage i.e. energy storage
  • the corresponding types of energy storage devices include:
  • FIG. 1 is an application scenario diagram of an energy storage system 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the energy storage system 1000 includes a light energy conversion device 400, a wind energy conversion device 300, a power grid 200 and an energy storage device 100.
  • the energy storage device 100 can be used as an energy storage cabinet installed outdoors.
  • the light energy conversion device 400 can be a photovoltaic panel
  • the wind energy conversion device 300 can be a power generation windmill.
  • the light energy conversion device 400 can convert solar energy into electrical energy
  • the wind energy conversion device 300 can convert wind energy into electrical energy.
  • the energy storage device 100 can store the electrical energy converted by the light energy conversion device 400 and the wind energy conversion device 300, and can also supply electrical energy to the power grid 200 during the peak period of electricity prices.
  • the electrical energy of the power grid can be transmitted through cables.
  • the energy storage system 1000 may also include an energy storage box, which is used to accommodate multiple energy storage devices. It should be noted that in this embodiment, “multiple” means more than two, and similar descriptions in the following text can be understood in the same way.
  • the energy storage device 100 may include but is not limited to a single cell, a battery module, a battery pack, a battery system, etc.
  • the energy storage device 100 When the energy storage device 100 is a single cell, it may be a square battery.
  • the energy storage device 100 When the energy storage device 100 is a battery module, the energy storage device 100 may include a plurality of single cells and a plurality of connecting plates, each connecting plate being electrically connected between two single cells.
  • the connecting plate may be an aluminum plate.
  • the single cells may be connected in series and/or in parallel through a plurality of connecting plates.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage device 100 in the energy storage system 1000 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the energy storage device 100 is a square battery.
  • the energy storage device 100 includes a housing 110, an electrode assembly (not shown) and an end cap assembly 120.
  • the housing 110 has an opening (not shown), and the housing 110 is provided with a receiving cavity (not shown), and the receiving cavity contains an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is received in the receiving cavity and immersed in the electrolyte.
  • the end cap assembly 120 is installed on one side of the housing 110 and closes the opening.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cap assembly 120 in the energy storage device 100 shown in Figure 2
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cap assembly 120 shown in Figure 3 after being cut along A-A
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the end cap assembly 120 shown in Figure 3.
  • "cut along A-A” means cutting along the plane where the A-A line is located, and similar descriptions in the following text can be understood in the same way.
  • the end cap assembly 120 includes a lower plastic 10, an end cap 20, an explosion-proof valve 30, a protective sheet 40, a seal 50 and two pole assemblies. Component 60.
  • the end cap 20 is installed on one side of the thickness direction of the lower plastic 10 (i.e., the thickness direction D1 of the end cap assembly 120).
  • the explosion-proof valve 30, the protective sheet 40, the seal 50 and the two pole assemblies 60 are all installed on the end cap 20.
  • the explosion-proof valve 30 and the protective sheet 40 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the seal 50 is located on one side of the protective sheet 40 and is spaced apart from the protective sheet 40.
  • the two pole assemblies 60 are respectively located on opposite sides of the protective sheet 40.
  • the two pole assemblies 60 are respectively a positive electrode assembly 70 and a negative electrode assembly 80.
  • the positive electrode assembly 70 and the seal 50 are located on the same side of the protective sheet 40, and are located on the side of the seal 50 away from the protective sheet 40, and are spaced apart from the seal 50.
  • the negative electrode assembly 80 is located on the side of the protective sheet 40 away from the seal 50, and is spaced apart from the protective sheet 40.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower plastic 10 in the end cover assembly 120 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the lower plastic 10 is made of plastic.
  • the lower plastic 10 includes a positive electrode lower plastic 11 and a negative electrode lower plastic 12.
  • the positive electrode lower plastic 11 and the negative electrode lower plastic 12 are arranged in sequence.
  • the direction from the positive electrode lower plastic 11 to the negative electrode lower plastic 12 is the length direction D2 of the end cap assembly 120.
  • the direction from the negative electrode lower plastic 12 to the positive electrode lower plastic 11 can also be the length direction D2 of the end cap assembly 120.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not make specific restrictions on this.
  • a first assembly boss 111 is convexly provided on the surface of the positive electrode lower plastic 11 facing the end cover 20, and the first assembly boss 111 is located on the side of the positive electrode lower plastic 11 away from the negative electrode lower plastic 12.
  • the first assembly boss 111 is a square boss.
  • the positive electrode lower plastic 11 is also provided with a first through hole 112 and a liquid inlet hole 113, and the first through hole 112 and the liquid inlet hole 113 both penetrate the positive electrode lower plastic 11 along the thickness direction of the positive electrode lower plastic 11 (i.e., the thickness direction D1 of the end cover assembly 120).
  • the opening of the first through hole 112 is located on the surface of the first assembly boss 111 facing the end cover 20, and the liquid inlet hole 113 is located on the side of the first assembly boss 111 facing the negative electrode lower plastic 12, and is spaced apart from the first assembly boss 111.
  • the first through hole 112 is a circular hole.
  • the negative electrode lower plastic 12 includes a fence portion 121, and the fence portion 121 is located on the side of the negative electrode lower plastic 12 close to the positive electrode lower plastic 11.
  • a second assembly boss 122 is protruding from the surface of the negative electrode lower plastic 12 facing the end cover 20, and the second assembly boss 122 is located on the side of the negative electrode lower plastic 12 away from the positive electrode lower plastic 11.
  • the second assembly boss 122 is a square boss.
  • the negative electrode lower plastic 12 is also provided with a second through hole 123 and a plurality of air holes 124, and the second through hole 123 and the plurality of air holes 124 all penetrate the negative electrode lower plastic 12 along the thickness direction of the negative electrode lower plastic 12 (i.e., the thickness direction D1 of the end cap assembly 120).
  • the opening of the second through hole 123 is located on the surface of the second assembly boss 122 facing the end cap 20.
  • the second through hole 123 is a circular hole.
  • the plurality of air holes 124 are all located in the fence portion 121, and all penetrate the fence portion 121 along the thickness direction of the fence portion 121 (i.e., the thickness direction D1 of the end cap assembly 120).
  • the plurality of air holes 124 are arranged at intervals from each other. Among them, the plurality of air holes 124 are arranged in an array. Exemplarily, the plurality of air holes 124 are all square holes.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cover 20 in the end cover assembly 120 shown in Figure 5
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cover 20 shown in Figure 7 after being cut open along B-B.
  • the end cap 20 is a plain aluminum sheet made of aluminum.
  • the surface of the end cap 20 away from the lower plastic 10 is provided with two mounting bosses 21, and the two mounting bosses 21 are respectively a first mounting boss 22 and a second mounting boss 23.
  • the surface of the end cap 20 away from the positive electrode lower plastic 11 is provided with a first mounting boss 22, and the surface of the end cap 20 away from the negative electrode lower plastic 12 is provided with a second mounting boss 23.
  • the first mounting boss 22 and the second mounting boss 23 are respectively located on opposite sides of the end cap 20.
  • the first mounting boss 22 and the second mounting boss 23 are both circular bosses.
  • the end cover 20 is provided with two avoidance grooves 201, an explosion-proof hole 202, a liquid injection hole 203 and two mounting holes 204.
  • the openings of the two avoidance grooves 201 are both located on the surface of the end cover 20 facing the lower plastic 10, and the two avoidance grooves 201 are both recessed from the surface of the end cover 20 facing the lower plastic 10 to the surface of the end cover 20 away from the lower plastic 10.
  • the two avoidance grooves 201 are respectively located on opposite sides of the end cover 20, and are respectively arranged corresponding to the two mounting bosses 21.
  • the two avoidance grooves 201 are respectively a first avoidance groove 205 and a second avoidance groove 206.
  • the first avoidance groove 205 and the second avoidance groove 206 are respectively arranged corresponding to the first avoidance groove 205 and the second avoidance groove 206.
  • the first mounting boss 22 is provided correspondingly and is used to avoid the first assembly boss 111.
  • the second avoidance groove 206 is provided correspondingly to the second mounting boss 23 and is used to avoid the second assembly boss 122.
  • the first avoidance groove 205 is a square groove adapted to the first assembly boss 111
  • the second avoidance groove 206 is a square groove adapted to the second assembly boss 122.
  • first avoidance groove 205 and the second avoidance groove 206 can both be formed by a stamping process, and the end cover 20 is stamped from the surface of the end cover 20 toward the surface of the end cover 20 away from the lower plastic 10 to form the first avoidance groove 205 and the second avoidance groove 206, so as to simultaneously form the first mounting boss 22 and the second mounting boss 23.
  • the explosion-proof hole 202, the injection hole 203 and the two mounting holes 204 all penetrate the end cover 20 along the thickness direction of the end cover 20 (i.e., along the thickness direction D1 of the end cover assembly 120). Specifically, the explosion-proof hole 202 is located in the middle of the end cover 20. Among them, along the thickness direction of the end cover assembly 120, the explosion-proof hole 202 is arranged opposite to the fence part 121. The explosion-proof hole 202 can connect the inside and the outside of the energy storage device 100 through the fence part 121. Exemplarily, the explosion-proof hole 202 is an elliptical hole.
  • the injection hole 203 is located on the side of the explosion-proof hole 202 facing the first mounting boss 22, and is spaced apart from the explosion-proof hole 202 and the first mounting boss 22.
  • the injection hole 203 is connected to the liquid inlet hole 113.
  • the electrolyte can be injected into the receiving cavity of the shell 110 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) through the injection hole 203 of the end cover 20 and the liquid inlet hole 113 of the positive lower plastic 11 in sequence to achieve the perfusion of the electrolyte of the energy storage device 100.
  • the injection hole 203 is a circular hole.
  • the two mounting holes 204 are respectively located on opposite sides of the explosion-proof hole 202, and are spaced apart from the explosion-proof hole 202.
  • the opening of each mounting hole 204 is located on the surface of a mounting boss 21 away from the lower plastic 10.
  • the two mounting holes 204 are respectively a first mounting hole 207 and a second mounting hole 208.
  • the opening of the first mounting hole 207 is located on the surface of the first mounting boss 22 away from the positive lower plastic 11, and the opening of the second mounting hole 208 is located on the surface of the second mounting boss 23 away from the negative lower plastic 12.
  • the first mounting hole 207 is connected to the first through hole 112
  • the second mounting hole 208 is connected to the second through hole 123.
  • the structures of the first mounting hole 207 and the second mounting hole 208 are the same.
  • the structure of the two mounting holes 204 will be described below taking the structure of the first mounting hole 207 as an example. To avoid redundancy, the structure of the second mounting hole 208 will not be described repeatedly.
  • the structures of the first mounting hole 204 and the second mounting hole 208 can refer to the relevant description of the mounting hole 204 below.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the end cover 20 shown in Figure 7 after being cut along C-C.
  • the first mounting holes 207 each include a first mounting hole portion 2071 and a first countersunk hole portion 2072.
  • the first countersunk hole portion 2072 is located on one side of the first mounting hole portion 2071 and is connected to the first mounting hole portion 2071.
  • the opening of the first countersunk hole portion 2072 is located on the surface of the first mounting boss 22 away from the positive lower plastic 11.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first countersunk hole portion 2072 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first mounting hole portion 2071.
  • the first mounting hole portion 2071 and the first countersunk hole portion 2072 are both circular holes, and the aperture of the first countersunk hole portion 2072 is larger than the aperture of the first mounting hole portion 2071.
  • the first countersunk hole portion 2072 is spline-shaped.
  • the hole wall of the first countersunk hole portion 2072 is provided with a plurality of first protrusions 24, and the plurality of first protrusions 24 are arranged at intervals around the first mounting hole portion 2071, and are all arranged at intervals from the first mounting hole portion 2071.
  • the distance between each first protrusion 24 and the first mounting hole portion 2071 is w1
  • w1 is between 0.15mm and 0.65mm.
  • w1 is 0.15mm.
  • the "mm" mentioned in this application is an abbreviation of the length unit millimeter.
  • each first protrusion 24 includes a first guide portion 241 facing the center of the first countersunk hole portion 2072, and the thickness of the first guide portion 241 gradually decreases in the direction from the first countersunk hole portion 2072 to the first mounting hole portion 2071.
  • the first guide portion 241 is pointed, and the tip of the first guide portion 241 faces the center of the first countersunk hole portion 2072.
  • the first guide portion 241 includes a first guide surface 242 away from the first mounting hole 2071 , and an angle ⁇ 1 between the first guide surface 242 and a surface of the end cover 20 away from the lower plastic 10 is between 2 and 15 degrees. For example, ⁇ 1 is 5 degrees.
  • the first mounting hole portion 2071 includes a first mounting portion 2073 and a first connecting portion 2074.
  • the first mounting portion 2073 is located on the side of the first countersunk hole portion 2072 facing the lower plastic 10 and is spaced apart from the first countersunk hole portion 2072.
  • the first connecting portion 2074 is located between the first mounting portion 2073 and the first countersunk hole portion 2072 and connects the first mounting portion 2073 and the first countersunk hole portion 2072. In the direction from the first countersunk hole portion 2072 to the first mounting portion 2073, the cross-sectional area of the first connecting portion 2074 gradually decreases.
  • the hole wall surface of the first connecting portion 2074 is an arc surface.
  • a flow channel can be formed between the hole wall of the first mounting hole 207 and the first pole, and the first guide surface 242 of the first guide portion 241 and the hole wall surface of the first connecting portion 2074 can guide the plastic to flow smoothly, so that the gap between the hole wall of the first mounting hole 207 and the first pole can form a smooth flow channel.
  • the design of the first guide surface 242 of the first guide portion 241 and the hole wall surface of the first connecting portion 2074 can not only increase the width of the gap between the first pole and the end cover 20, prevent the gap between the first pole and the end cover 20 from being too narrow to cause air entrapment, but also increase the thickness of the first upper plastic after molding, avoid the first upper plastic from being too weak, thereby helping to improve the structural strength of the first upper plastic.
  • the second mounting hole 208 includes a second mounting hole portion 2081 and a second countersunk hole portion 2082.
  • the second countersunk hole portion 2082 is located on one side of the second mounting hole portion 2081 and is connected to the second mounting hole portion 2081.
  • the second mounting hole portion 2081 has the same structure as the first mounting hole portion 2071
  • the second countersunk hole portion 2082 has the same structure as the first countersunk hole portion 2072
  • the matching relationship between the second mounting hole portion 2081 and the second countersunk hole portion 2082 is the same as the matching relationship between the first mounting hole portion 2071 and the first countersunk portion 2072. The details will not be repeated here.
  • the structures of the second mounting hole portion 2081 and the first mounting hole portion 2071, and the matching relationship between the second mounting hole portion 2081 and the first mounting hole portion 2071 can all refer to the related description of the first mounting hole portion 2071 and the first countersunk hole portion 2072.
  • the gap between the hole wall of the second mounting hole 208 and the negative electrode column can form a flow channel
  • the second guide surface of the second guide part and the hole wall surface of the second connecting part can guide the plastic to flow smoothly, so that the gap between the hole wall of the second mounting hole 208 and the negative electrode column can form a smooth flow channel
  • the design of the second guide surface of the second guide part and the hole wall surface of the second connecting part can not only increase the width of the gap between the negative electrode column and the end cover 20, and prevent the gap between the negative electrode column and the end cover 20 from being too narrow to cause air trapping, but also increase the thickness of the plastic on the negative electrode after molding, avoid the plastic on the negative electrode from being too weak, thereby helping to improve the structural strength of the plastic on the negative electrode.
  • the explosion-proof valve 30 is installed on the side of the end cover 20 facing the lower plastic 10, covers the opening of the explosion-proof hole 202 facing the lower plastic 10, and is arranged opposite to the fence part 121.
  • the protection sheet 40 is installed on the side of the end cover 20 away from the lower plastic 10, and covers the opening of the explosion-proof hole 202 away from the lower plastic 10, so as to protect the explosion-proof valve 30 and prevent foreign objects or external forces from damaging the explosion-proof valve 30.
  • the explosion-proof valve 30 and the protection sheet 40 can be installed on the end cover 20 by welding.
  • the explosion-proof hole 202 connects the inside and outside of the energy storage device 100, when the air pressure inside the energy storage device 100 is too high, the gas inside the energy storage device 100 can pass through the fence part 121 to impact the explosion-proof valve 30, and the explosion-proof valve 30 will rupture under the action of the air pressure.
  • the gas inside the energy storage device 100 can pass through the fence part 121 and the explosion-proof hole 202 in turn and be discharged to the outside of the energy storage device 100 in time, thereby avoiding the explosion of the energy storage device 100 and improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage device 100.
  • the sealing member 50 is installed on the injection hole 203 and seals the injection hole 203 to prevent dust, moisture and other impurities from entering the energy storage device 100 through the injection hole 203 of the end cover 20 and the liquid inlet hole 113 of the lower plastic 10 in sequence, thereby ensuring the reliability of the energy storage device 100.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the positive electrode assembly 70 in the end cover assembly 120 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the positive electrode assembly 70 includes a first pole 71, a first sealing ring 72, a first upper plastic 73 and a first adapter 74.
  • the first pole 71 is inserted into the first through hole 112 of the positive lower plastic 11 and the first mounting hole 207 of the end cover 20.
  • the first upper plastic 73 and the first sealing ring 72 are both sleeved on the first pole 71, and isolate the first pole 71 and the end cover 20 to insulate the first pole 71 from the end cover 20.
  • the first upper plastic 73 is located on the side of the first sealing ring 72 away from the lower plastic 10.
  • the first adapter 74 is fixedly connected to the first pole 71, and is electrically connected between the first pole 71 and the positive pole ear of the electrode assembly.
  • the lower plastic 10 is first aligned with the end cap 20, and then the first pole 71 with the first sealing ring 72 is sequentially passed through the first through hole 112 of the positive lower plastic 11 and the first mounting hole 207 of the end cap 20 from the lower plastic 10 to the end cap 20, and pressure is applied to the flange of the first pole 71 to squeeze the first sealing ring 72, so that the first sealing ring 72 is clamped between the first pole 71 and the hole wall of the first mounting hole 207, and then placed in the injection mold, and injection molding is performed in the injection mold.
  • the plastic will flow between the hole wall of the first mounting hole 207 and the first pole 71.
  • the plastic is demoulded after cooling to form the first upper plastic 73.
  • Figure 11a is a schematic structural diagram of the first pole 71 in the positive electrode assembly 70 shown in Figure 10 under the first embodiment
  • Figure 11b is a schematic structural diagram of the first pole 71 shown in Figure 11a at another angle
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pole 71 shown in Figure 11a after being cut along D-D.
  • the first pole 71 includes a first column portion 711 and a first flange portion 712.
  • the first flange portion 712 is fixedly connected to one side of the first column portion 711 in the height direction (ie, the thickness direction D1 of the end cap assembly 120).
  • the first column portion 711 is inserted through the first through hole 112 of the lower plastic 11 of the positive electrode and the first mounting hole 207 of the end cover 20.
  • the first column portion 711 is provided with a first step groove 713 and a first annular groove 714.
  • the opening of the first step groove 713 is located on the surface of the first column portion 711 away from the first flange portion 712.
  • the first step groove 713 is recessed from the surface of the first column portion 711 away from the first flange portion 712 toward the direction of the first flange portion 712, and penetrates the circumference of the first column portion 711.
  • the first step groove 713 is arranged around the periphery of the first column portion 711.
  • the mold retaining ring can abut the groove wall of the first step groove 713 to prevent the plastic from overflowing to the surface of the first column part 711 away from the first flange part 712, thereby preventing the plastic from affecting the subsequent welding stability between the surface of the first column part 711 away from the first flange part 712 and connecting pieces such as aluminum bars.
  • the first annular groove 714 is located on the side of the first step groove 713 facing the first flange portion 712, and is spaced apart from the first step groove 713.
  • the opening of the first annular groove 714 is provided on the peripheral surface of the first column portion 711.
  • the first annular groove 714 is recessed from the peripheral surface of the first column portion 711 toward the center of the first column portion 711.
  • the first annular groove 714 is provided around the periphery of the first column portion 711.
  • the design of the first annular groove 714 can increase the contact area between the plastic and the first column portion 711, and improve the connection stability between the first upper plastic 73 and the first pole 71.
  • first column portion 711 is further provided with at least one first annular structure 715, and along the height direction of the first column portion 711, the first annular structure 715 is located on the side of the first annular groove 714 facing the first flange portion 712.
  • the first annular structure 715 is provided on the circumference of the first column portion 711.
  • the first annular structure 715 extends from the circumference of the first column portion 711 toward the center away from the first column portion 711.
  • the first annular structure 715 is arranged around the periphery of the first column portion 711.
  • the width of the first annular structure 715 is w2
  • w2 is between 0.02mm and 0.45mm.
  • w2 is 0.15mm.
  • the first annular structure 715 is in the shape of a thread or a line.
  • first annular structures 715 there are multiple first annular structures 715, and the multiple first annular structures 715 are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the first column portion 711.
  • the multiple first annular structures 715 are arranged in sequence at equal intervals.
  • the design of multiple first annular structures 715 can increase the contact area between the first column portion 711 and the first sealing ring 72, which helps to improve the sealing performance of the first sealing ring 72.
  • the multiple first annular structures 715 are far away from the first flange portion abutting the first sealing ring 72.
  • the multiple first annular structures 715 are subjected to less squeezing force from the first sealing ring 72, and the gap between two adjacent first annular structures 715 can accommodate air that has not been discharged in time, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of local air entrapment when the multiple first annular structures 715 abut against the first sealing ring 72, and helping to improve the sealing uniformity of each area when the multiple first annular structures 715 abut against the first sealing ring 72.
  • the first annular structure 715 can be formed in one step by controlling the depth of the cutter head, thereby reducing the processing steps of the first pole 71 and helping to reduce the processing cost of the first pole 71.
  • the first annular structure 715 can be formed by providing convex ribs on the outer surface of the first column portion 711. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the formation method of the first annular structure 715.
  • the first flange portion 712 is provided with at least one second annular structure 716 and at least one third annular structure 719.
  • the second annular structure 716 is provided on the surface of the first flange portion 712 facing the first column portion 711.
  • the second annular structure 716 extends from the surface of the first flange portion 712 facing the first column portion 711 to the direction toward the first column portion 711.
  • the second annular structure 716 is located at a position of the first flange portion 712 close to the first column portion 711 and is arranged around the first column portion 711.
  • the width of the second annular structure 716 is w 3
  • w 3 is between 0.01 mm and 0.35 mm.
  • w 3 is 0.05 mm.
  • multiple second annular structures 716 there are multiple second annular structures 716, and multiple second annular structures 716 are arranged in sequence at equal intervals in the direction from the center to the edge of the first flange portion 712.
  • the second annular structure 716 covers the surface of the first flange portion 712 facing the first column portion 711.
  • the design of multiple second annular structures 716 can increase the abutment area between the first flange portion 712 and the first sealing ring 72, which helps to improve the sealing performance of the first sealing ring 72.
  • the gap between two adjacent second annular structures 716 can accommodate air that has not been discharged in time, which can avoid the phenomenon of local air entrapment when multiple second annular structures 716 abut against the first sealing ring 72, and help to improve the sealing uniformity of each area when multiple second annular structures 716 abut against the first sealing ring 72.
  • the second annular structure 716 can be formed once by controlling the depth of the cutter head, reducing the processing steps of the first pole 71, which helps to reduce the processing cost of the first pole 71.
  • w 3 is smaller than w 2 . It can be understood that in the end cover assembly 120 , the contact area between the first flange portion 712 of the first pole 71 and the first sealing ring 72 is larger, the contact area between the first column portion 711 of the first pole 71 and the first sealing ring 72 is smaller, and the width of the second annular structure 716 is smaller than the width of the first annular structure 715 , which means that the second annular structure 716 is thinner and the first annular structure 715 is rougher, which can make the overall sealing performance of the first pole 71 more uniform, the electrolyte in the energy storage device 100 has a longer path to flow out through the gap between the first pole 71 and the first sealing ring 72 , and the sealing performance of the first sealing ring 72 is better.
  • the first sealing ring 72 when the first sealing ring 72 is squeezed to perform the injection molding of the first upper plastic 73, firstly, the first sealing ring 72 abuts against the surface of the first flange portion 712 facing the first column portion 711 and the surface of the end cover 20 facing the lower plastic 10, which surrounds the periphery of the first mounting hole 207. Secondly, the compression deformation of the first sealing ring 72 in the thickness direction is tightly abutted against its upper and lower surfaces without sealing, and the first sealing ring 72 extends to both sides in the width direction. Furthermore, the first sealing ring 72 continues to be compressed until its inner side surface abuts against the end of the first annular structure 715 away from the axis of the first column portion 711.
  • the wider first annular structure 715 can form a larger exhaust channel, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of air in the gap on the outer circumference of the first column portion 711 to be enclosed and sealed, avoiding local air entrapment between the first sealing ring 72 and the first column portion 711, and improving the uniformity of the seal.
  • the third annular structure 719 is disposed on the surface of the first flange portion 712 away from the first column portion 711.
  • the third annular structure 719 extends from the surface of the first flange portion 712 away from the first column portion 711 in a direction away from the first column portion 711.
  • the center of the third annular structure 719 coincides with the axis of the first pole 71.
  • the third annular structure 719 is distributed over the surface of the first flange portion 712 away from the first column portion 711. The surface of part 711.
  • the surface of the first flange 712 away from the first column 711 can be milled to flatten the surface, and the metal burrs remaining on the edge of the surface of the first flange 712 away from the first column 711 during punching can be removed to avoid the risk of the first adapter 74 abutting against the surface of the first flange 712 away from the first column 711 for positioning, causing the metal burrs to fall into the interior of the energy storage device 100 and cause a short circuit.
  • the molten metal can be guided by the third annular structure 719 and flowed in the axial direction around the first pole 71, consistent with the annular welding trajectory, thereby improving the uniformity of welding, eliminating the internal stress after welding, and avoiding local warping of the welding area.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pole 71 in the positive electrode assembly 70 shown in FIG. 10 in a second embodiment.
  • the first pole 71 shown in this embodiment is different from the first pole 71 shown in the first embodiment in that each first annular structure 715 is provided with at least one first notch 717 along the circumference of the first column portion 711.
  • the opening of the first notch 717 is located on the circumference of the first annular structure 715.
  • the first notch 717 is recessed from the circumference of the first annular structure 715 toward the center of the first column portion 711, and connects the opposite sides of the first annular structure 715.
  • Each first annular structure 715 is provided with a plurality of first notches 717, and the first notches 717 of each two adjacent first annular structures 715 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • Each second annular structure 716 is provided with at least one second notch 718 arranged along the circumference of the first column portion 711, and the opening of the second notch 718 is located on the surface of the second annular structure 716 facing the first column portion 711.
  • the second notch 718 is recessed from the surface of the second annular structure 716 facing the first column portion 711 toward the first flange portion 712, and passes through the opposite sides of the second annular structure 716.
  • Each second annular structure 716 is provided with a plurality of second notches 718, and the second notches 718 of each two adjacent first annular structures 715 are correspondingly arranged.
  • the first sealing ring 72 is compressed and deformed to cover the first annular structure 715 and the second annular structure 716.
  • the gas between two adjacent first annular structures 715 can be discharged through the first notch 717, and the gas between two adjacent second annular structures 716 can be discharged through the second notch 718, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of trapped air and helping to improve the sealing performance of the first sealing ring 72.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pole 71 in the positive electrode assembly 70 shown in FIG. 10 in a third embodiment.
  • the first pole 71 shown in this embodiment is different from the first pole 71 shown in the first embodiment in that the first notches 717 of two adjacent first annular structures 715 are staggered, and the second notches 718 of two adjacent second annular structures 716 are staggered. It should be noted that, after the energy storage device 100 is used for a long time, the internal air pressure of the energy storage device 100 increases, and the electrolyte will penetrate from the gap between the first flange portion 712 and the lower plastic 10. The first notches 717 of the two adjacent first annular structures 715 are staggered, and the second notches 718 of the two adjacent second annular structures 716 are staggered.
  • the leaked electrolyte needs to bypass the second notches 718 of the two adjacent staggered second annular structures 716 and the first notches 717 of the two adjacent staggered first annular structures 715.
  • the leaked electrolyte needs to pass through a more winding path.
  • the first notches 717 of the two adjacent first annular structures 715 are staggered
  • the second notches 718 of the two adjacent second annular structures 716 are staggered, which can extend the path for the electrolyte to penetrate to the outside, and help improve the leakage phenomenon of the energy storage device 100.
  • the first sealing ring 72 is sleeved on the first column portion 711 and abuts against the first flange portion 712. Specifically, the first sealing ring 72 is sleeved on the portion of the first column portion 711 facing the first flange portion 712, and is clamped between the first column portion 711 and the hole wall surface of the first mounting hole 207. The surface of the first sealing ring 72 facing the first flange portion 712 abuts against the surface of the first flange portion 712 facing the first column portion 711, and the first sealing ring 72 is clamped between the first flange portion 712 and the first upper plastic 73.
  • the first sealing ring 72 covers a plurality of first annular structures 715 and at least a portion of the second annular structure 716 to increase the contact area between the first sealing ring 72 and the first column portion 711 and the first flange portion 712, which helps to improve the first sealing ring 72. Sealing performance.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the first upper plastic 73 in the positive electrode assembly 70 shown in Figure 10 at another angle
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the first upper plastic 73 in the positive electrode assembly 70 shown in Figure 10 after being cut along E-E.
  • the first upper plastic 73 is arranged around the first column portion 711, and is connected between the first column portion 711 and the end cover 20, and covers the groove wall surface of the first annular groove 714 and the plurality of first guide portions 241.
  • the first upper plastic 73 is provided with a first convex ring 731, a first convex rib 732 and a first step ring 733.
  • the first convex ring 731 is arranged on the surface of the first upper plastic 73 facing the end cover 20, and extends from the surface of the first upper plastic 73 facing the end cover 20 in a direction away from the end cover 20.
  • the first convex ring 731 is arranged around the first column portion 711.
  • At least part of the first convex ring 731 is located in the first mounting hole 207, and is fixedly connected between the hole wall of the first mounting hole 207 and the first column portion 711, and abuts against the surface of the first sealing ring 72 away from the first flange portion 712.
  • the first convex rib 732 is provided on the surface of the first convex ring 731 facing the first sealing ring 72, and extends from the surface of the first convex ring 731 facing the first sealing ring 72 to the direction toward the first sealing ring 72.
  • the first convex rib 732 is provided around the first column portion 711, and is located between the outer peripheral surface of the first column portion 711 and the inner side surface of the first sealing ring 72, and is connected between the first column portion 711 and the first sealing ring 72.
  • first convex rib 732 can further improve the sealing performance between the first pole 71 and the first sealing ring 72.
  • the first convex rib 732 can also isolate the first column portion 711 from the hole wall of the first mounting hole 207, increase the creepage distance between the first column portion 711 and the hole wall of the first mounting hole 207, and help ensure the insulation performance between the first pole 71 and the end cover 20.
  • first rib 732 can also fold the metal burrs to prevent the metal burrs from extending into the first mounting hole 207 and causing a short circuit between the first pole 71 and the end cover 20, thereby ensuring insulation between the first pole 71 and the end cover 20.
  • the first step ring 733 is provided at one end of the first upper plastic 73 away from the end cover 20, and extends from the side surface of the first upper plastic 73 toward the first pole 71 to the direction toward the first pole 71. Specifically, the first step ring 733 partially covers the first step groove 713, is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the first step groove 713, and is arranged around the first column portion 711. There is a gap between the inner side surface of the first step ring 733 and the groove side wall surface of the first step groove 713. Exemplarily, the surface of the first step ring 733 away from the end cover 20 can be flush with the surface of the first upper plastic 73 away from the end cover 20.
  • the injection mold is inserted into the gap between the inner side surface of the first step ring 733 and the side wall of the first step groove 713, and abuts against the side wall and part of the bottom wall of the first step groove 713 to form a closed cavity, so as to prevent the molten plastic liquid from overflowing to the surface of the first pole 71 away from the end cover 20, so as to avoid affecting the subsequent welding effect of the first pole 71 and the connecting pieces such as the bar piece.
  • the first upper plastic 73 is further provided with a first identification groove 734, and the opening of the first identification groove 734 is located on the surface of the first upper plastic 73 away from the end cover 20.
  • the first identification groove 734 is recessed from the surface of the first upper plastic 73 away from the end cover 20 toward the end cover 20.
  • the first identification groove 734 is in the shape of a "cross”. In some other embodiments, the first identification groove 734 can also be in the shape of a "square" or other shapes.
  • the first adapter 74 is installed on the inner side of the positive lower plastic 11 and is located on the side of the first flange 712 away from the first column 711. Specifically, one end of the first adapter 74 is electrically connected to the first flange 712, and the other end is electrically connected to the positive ear of the electrode assembly. Exemplarily, the first adapter 74 can be electrically connected to the first flange 712 and/or the electrode assembly by welding. The negative ear.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the negative electrode assembly 80 in the end cover assembly 120 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the negative electrode assembly 80 includes a second pole 81, a second sealing ring 82, a second upper plastic 83 and a second adapter 84.
  • the second pole 81 is inserted into the second through hole 123 of the negative lower plastic 12 and the second mounting hole 208 of the end cover 20.
  • the second upper plastic 83 and the second sealing ring 82 are both sleeved on the second pole 81 and isolate the second pole 81 and the end cover 20 to insulate the second pole 81 from the end cover 20.
  • the second upper plastic 83 is located on the side of the second sealing ring 82 away from the lower plastic 10.
  • the second adapter 84 is fixedly connected to the second pole 81 and electrically connected between the second pole 81 and the negative pole ear of the electrode assembly.
  • the structures of the second pole 81, the second sealing ring 82, the second upper plastic 83 and the second adapter 84, and the matching relationship between the two can all refer to the relevant descriptions of the first pole 71, the first sealing ring 72, the first upper plastic 73 and the first adapter 74 above, and no further description is given here.
  • the difference between the negative electrode assembly 80 and the positive electrode assembly 70 is that in the second upper plastic 83, the second identification groove 834 is in the shape of a "one". In some other embodiments, the second identification groove 834 can also be in the shape of a "negative" or other shapes.
  • the present application also provides an electric device, which includes the energy storage device 100, and the energy storage device 100 supplies power to the electric device.
  • the electric device may be a new energy vehicle, a power storage station, a server, or other equipment that requires electricity.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种端盖组件(120)、储能装置(100)和用电设备。端盖组件(120)中，端盖(20)设有安装孔(207)，安装孔(207)沿端盖(20)的厚度方向贯穿端盖(20)，极柱组件(60)中，极柱(71)包括柱体部(711)，柱体部(711)穿设于安装孔(207)，柱体部(711)设有至少一个第一环状结构(715)，第一环状结构(715)设于柱体部(711)的周面，且环绕柱体部(711)设置，密封圈(72)套设于柱体部(711)，且覆盖第一环状结构(715)，并夹持于端盖(20)和极柱(71)之间，上塑胶(73)套设于柱体部(711)，且连接于柱体部(711)和端盖(20)之间。

Description

端盖组件、储能装置和用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及储能技术领域，尤其涉及一种端盖组件、储能装置和用电设备。
背景技术
二次电池(Rechargeable battery)又称为充电电池或蓄电池，是指在电池放电后可通过充电的方式使活性物质激活而继续使用的电池。二次电池的可循环利用特性使其逐渐成为用电设备的主要动力来源，随着二次电池的需求量逐渐增大，人们对其各方面的性能要求也越来越高，尤其是对于电池单位体积能量密度的要求，而电池的端盖组件的密封性能是影响电池使用可靠性的重要参数。目前的端盖组件主要利用套设于极柱上的密封圈来实现对极柱和端盖之间的密封，端盖组件的密封性能较差。
发明内容
本申请提供一种端盖组件、储能装置和用电设备，用于提高端盖组件的密封性能。
第一方面，本申请提供一种端盖组件，用于储能装置中。所述端盖组件包括端盖和极柱组件，所述端盖设有安装孔，所述安装孔沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述端盖，所述极柱组件包括极柱、密封圈和上塑胶，所述极柱包括柱体部，所述柱体部设有环槽，所述环槽的开口位于所述柱体部的外周面，所述环槽环绕所述柱体部的周缘设置，所述柱体部穿设于所述安装孔，所述柱体部设有至少一个第一环状结构，所述第一环状结构设于所述柱体部的周面，且环绕所述柱体部设置，所述密封圈套设于所述柱体部，且覆盖所述第一环状结构，并夹持于所述端盖和所述极柱之间，所述上塑胶套设于所述柱体部，且覆盖所述环槽的槽壁面，并连接于所述柱体部和所述端盖之间。
其中，所述第一环状结构有多个，沿所述柱体部的高度方向上，多个所述第一环状结构依次等距间隔排布。
其中，所述第一环状结构呈螺纹状或线条状。
其中，每一所述第一环状结构沿所述柱体部的周向设有至少一个第一缺口。
其中，每相邻两个所述第一环状结构的所述第一缺口相对设置，或者，每相邻两个所述第一环状结构的所述第一缺口错位设置。
其中，所述第一环状结构的宽度在0.02mm至0.45mm之间。
其中，所述极柱还包括法兰部，所述法兰部固定连接于所述柱体部的一侧，所述法兰部设有至少一个第二环状结构，所述第二环状结构设于所述法兰部朝向所述柱体部的表面，且环绕所述柱体部设置；
所述密封圈抵接所述法兰部朝向所述柱体部的表面，且覆盖至少部分所述第二环状结构。
其中，在所述第二环状结构有多个的情况下，沿所述法兰部朝向所述柱体部的表面的中心向边缘的方向上，多个所述第一环状结构依次等距间隔排布且布满所述法兰部朝向所述柱体部的表面。
其中，每一所述第二环状结构设有至少一个沿所述柱体部的周向设置的第二缺口。
其中，每相邻两个所述第二环状结构的所述第二缺口相对设置，或者，每相邻两个所述第二环状结构的所述第二缺口错位设置。
其中，所述第二环状结构的宽度小于所述第一环状结构的宽度。
其中，所述第二环状结构的宽度在0.01mm至0.35mm之间。
其中，所述上塑胶设有凸环和凸筋，所述凸环设于所述上塑胶朝向所述端盖的表面，且环绕所述柱体部设置，至少部分所述凸环位于所述安装孔，且设于所述安装孔的孔壁和所述柱体部之间，并抵接所述密封圈背离所述法兰部的部分表面，所述凸筋设于所述凸环朝向所述密封件的表面，且环绕所述柱体部设置，所述凸筋位于所述密封圈的内侧面和所述柱体部的外周面之间。
其中，所述法兰部还设有至少一个第三环状结构，所述第三环状结构设于所述法兰部背离所述柱体部的表面。
其中，所述第三环状结构有多个，多个所述第三环状结构同圆心，且布满所述法兰部背离所述柱体部的表面。
其中，所述柱体部设有台阶槽，所述台阶槽的开口位于所述柱体部背离所述法兰部的表面，所述台阶槽环绕所述柱体部的边缘设置，且贯穿所述柱体部的外周面；
所述上塑胶还设有台阶环，所述台阶环固定连接于所述上塑胶朝向所述极柱的侧面，且位于所述上塑胶背离所述端盖的一侧，所述台阶环部分覆盖所述台阶槽，所述台阶环的内侧面与所述台阶槽的槽侧壁面之间具有间隙。
其中，所述安装孔包括安装孔部和沉台孔部，所述沉台孔部位于所述安装孔部的一侧，且与所述安装孔部连通，所述沉台孔部的横截面的面积大于所述安装孔部的横截面的面积，所述沉台部的孔壁包括多个导流部，多个所述导流部环绕所述安装部间隔设置，所述上塑胶覆盖多个所述导流部。
其中，每一所述导流部均与所述安装孔部间隔设置。
其中，沿所述沉台孔部向所述安装孔部的方向上，所述导流部的厚度逐渐减小。
其中，所述安装孔部包括安装部分和连接部分，所述连接部分连通所述安装部分和所述沉台孔部，沿所述沉台孔部向所述安装孔部的方向上，所述连接部分的横截面逐渐减小。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种储能装置，包括壳体和上述任一所述的端盖组件，所述端盖组件安装于所述壳体的一侧。
第三方面，本申请还提供一种用电设备，包括上述所述的储能装置，所述储能装置为所述用电设备供电。
本申请所示端盖组件中，所述极柱的所述柱体部设有第一环状结构，所述第一环状结构环绕所述柱体部设置，所述第一环状结构的设计，可增加所述柱体部与所述密封圈的抵接面积，有助于提升所述密封圈的密封性能。而且，在对所述极柱进行切铣成型时，可通过控制刀头进深一次成型所述第一环状结构，可减少所述极柱的加工步骤，有助于降低所述极柱的加工成本。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例所需要使用的附图进行说明。
图1是本申请实施例提供的储能系统的应用场景图；
图2是图1所示储能系统中储能装置的结构示意图；
图3是图2所示储能装置中端盖组件的结构示意图；
图4是图3所示端盖组件沿A-A处剖开后的结构示意图；
图5是图3所示端盖组件的分解结构示意图；
图6是图5所示端盖组件中下塑胶的结构示意图；
图7是图5所示端盖组件中端盖的结构示意图；
图8是图7所示端盖沿B-B处剖开后的结构示意图；
图9是图7所示端盖沿C-C处剖开后的剖面结构示意图；
图10是图5所示端盖组件中正极组件的分解结构示意图；
图11a是图10所示正极组件中第一极柱在第一种实施方式下的结构示意图；
图11b是图11a所示第一极柱在另一个角度下的结构示意图；
图12是图11a所示第一极柱沿D-D处剖开后的结构示意图；
图13是图10所示正极组件中第一极柱在第二种实施方式下的结构示意图；
图14是图10所示正极组件中第一极柱在第三种实施方式下的结构示意图；
图15是图10所示正极组件中第一上塑胶在另一个角度下的结构示意图；
图16是图10所示正极组件中第一上塑胶沿E-E处剖开后的结构示意图；
图17是图5所示端盖组件中负极组件的分解结构示意图。
图中各附图标记对应的名称为：储能系统1000，光能转换装置400，风能转换装置300，电网200，储能装置100，壳体110，端盖组件120，下塑胶10，端盖20，防爆阀30，保护片40，密封件50，极柱组件60，正极组件70，负极组件80，正极下塑胶11，负极下塑胶12，第一装配凸台111，第一通孔112，进液孔113，栅栏部分121，第二装配凸台122，第二通孔123，透气孔124，安装凸台21，第一安装凸台22，第二安装凸台23，避让槽201，防爆孔202，注液孔203，安装孔204，第一避让槽205，第二避让槽206，第一安装孔207，第二安装孔208，第一安装孔部2071，第一沉台孔部2072，第一凸起24，第一导流部241，第一导流面242，第一安装部分2073，第一连接部分2074，第二安装孔部2081，第二沉台孔部2082，第一极柱71，第一密封圈72，第一上塑胶73，第一转接片74，第一柱体部711，第一法兰部712，第一台阶槽713，第一环槽714，第一环状结构715，第二环状结构716，第三环状结构719，第一缺口717，第二缺口718，第一凸环731，第一凸筋732，第一台阶环733，第一标识槽734，第二极柱81，第二密封圈82，第二上塑胶83，第二转接片84和第二标识槽834。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
由于人们所需要的能源都具有很强的时间性和空间性，为了合理利用能源并提高能量的利用率，需要通过一种介质或者设备，把一种能量形式用同一种或者转换成另外一种能量形式存储起来，基于未来应用需要再以特定能量形式释放出来。众所周知，要实现碳中和的大目标，目前绿色电能的产生主要途径是发展光伏、风电等绿色能源来替代化石能源。
目前绿色电能的产生普遍依赖于光伏、风电、水势等，而风能和太阳能等普遍存在间歇性强、波动性大的问题，会造成电网不稳定，用电高峰电不够，用电低谷电太多，不稳定的电压还会对电力造成损害，因此可能因为用电需求不足或电网接纳能力不足，引发“弃风弃光”问题，要解决这些问题须依赖储能。即将电能通过物理或者化学的手段转化为其他形式的能量存储起来，在需要的时候将能量转化为电能释放出来，简单来说，储能就类似一个大型“充 电宝”，在光伏、风能充足时，将电能储存起来，在需要时释放储能的电力。
以电化学储能为例，本方案提供一种储能装置，储能装置内设有一组化学电池，主要是利用化学电池内的化学元素做储能介质，充放电过程伴随储能介质的化学反应或者变化，简单说就是把风能和太阳能产生的电能存在化学电池中，在外部电能的使用达到高峰时再将存储的电量释放出来使用，或者转移给电量紧缺的地方再使用。
目前的储能(即能量存储)应用场景较为广泛，包括发电侧储能、电网侧储能、可再生能源并网储能、基站侧储能以及用户侧储能等方面，对应的储能装置的种类包括有：
(1)应用在电网侧储能场景的大型储能集装箱，其可作为电网中优质的有功无功调节电源，实现电能在时间和空间上的负荷匹配，增强可再生能源消纳能力，并在电网系统备用、缓解高峰负荷供电压力和调峰调频方面意义重大；
(2)应用在用户侧的工商业储能场景(银行、商场等)的中小型储能电柜以及应用在用户侧的家庭储能场景的户用小型储能箱，主要运行模式为“削峰填谷”。由于根据用电量需求在峰谷位置的电费存在较大的价格差异，用户有储能设备后，为了减少成本，通常在电价低谷期，对储能柜/箱进行充电处理；电价高峰期，再将储能设备中的电放出来进行使用，以达到节省电费的目的。另外，在边远地区，以及地震、飓风等自然灾害高发的地区，家用储能装置的存在，相当于用户为自己和电网提供了备用电源，免除由于灾害或其他原因导致的频繁断电带来的不便。
请参阅图1，图1是是本申请实施例提供的储能系统1000的应用场景图。
储能系统1000包括光能转换装置400、风能转换装置300、电网200和储能装置100。其中，储能装置100可作为一安装于室外的储能柜。示例性的，光能转换装置400可以为光伏板，风能转换装置300可以为发电风车。在电价低谷时期，光能转换装置400可以将太阳能转换为电能，风能转换装置300可以将风能转换为电能。储能装置100可储存光能转换装置400和风能转换装置300转换的电能，还可以在电价高峰时期将电能供给电网200。其中，电网的电能可通过电缆进行传输。
其中，储能装置100可以有多个，多个储能装置100之间相互串联和/或并联。此外，储能系统1000还可以包括储能箱，储能箱用于收容多个储能装置。需要说明的是，本实施例中，“多个”是指两个以上，后文的类似描述可作相同理解。
可以理解的是，储能装置100可包括但不限于单体电池、电池模组、电池包、电池系统等。当该储能装置100为单体电池时，其可为方形电池。当该储能装置100为电池模组时，储能装置100可包括多个单体电池和多个连接片，每一连接片电连接于两个单体电池之间。其中，连接片可为铝巴片。其中，单体电池可通过多个连接片实现串联和/或并联。
请参阅图2，图2是图1所示储能系统1000中储能装置100的结构示意图。
本实施例中，储能装置100为方块电池。储能装置100包括壳体110、电极组件(图未示)和端盖组件120。壳体110具有开口(图未示)，壳体110设有收容腔(图未示)，收容腔内收容有电解液。电极组件收容于收容腔，且浸泡于电解液中。端盖组件120安装于壳体110的一侧，且封闭开口。
请参阅图3至图5，图3是图2所示储能装置100中端盖组件120的结构示意图，图4是图3所示端盖组件120沿A-A处剖开后的结构示意图，图5是图3所示端盖组件120的分解结构示意图。其中，沿“A-A处剖开”是指沿A-A线所在的平面剖开，后文类似的描述可作相同理解。
端盖组件120包括下塑胶10、端盖20、防爆阀30、保护片40、密封件50和两个极柱组 件60。端盖20安装于下塑胶10的厚度方向(即端盖组件120的厚度方向D1)的一侧。防爆阀30、保护片40、密封件50和两个极柱组件60均安装于端盖20。沿端盖组件120的厚度方向D1上，防爆阀30和保护片40相对设置。密封件50位于保护片40的一侧，且与保护片40间隔设置。沿端盖组件120的长度方向D2上，两个极柱组件60分别位于保护片40的相对两侧。其中，两个极柱组件60分别为正极组件70和负极组件80。正极组件70和密封件50位于保护片40的同一侧，且位于密封件50背离保护片40的一侧，并与密封件50间隔设置。负极组件80位于保护片40背离密封件50的一侧，且与保护片40间隔设置。
请参阅图4和图6，图6是图5所示端盖组件120中下塑胶10的结构示意图。
本实施例中，下塑胶10采用塑胶制成。下塑胶10包括正极下塑胶11和负极下塑胶12，沿下塑胶10的长度方向(即端盖组件120的长度方向D2)上，正极下塑胶11和负极下塑胶12依次排布。需要说明的是，本申请实施例以正极下塑胶11朝向负极下塑胶12的方向为端盖组件120的长度方向D2，在其他一些实施例中，也可以以负极下塑胶12向正极下塑胶11的方向为端盖组件120的长度方向D2，本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。
正极下塑胶11朝向端盖20的表面凸设有第一装配凸台111，第一装配凸台111位于正极下塑胶11远离负极下塑胶12的一侧。示例性的，第一装配凸台111为方形凸台。正极下塑胶11还设有第一通孔112和进液孔113，第一通孔112和进液孔113均沿正极下塑胶11的厚度方向(即端盖组件120的厚度方向D1)贯穿正极下塑胶11。具体的，第一通孔112的开口位于第一装配凸台111朝向端盖20的表面，进液孔113位于第一装配凸台111朝向负极下塑胶12的一侧，且与第一装配凸台111间隔设置。示例性的，第一通孔112为圆形孔。
负极下塑胶12包括栅栏部分121，栅栏部分121位于负极下塑胶12靠近正极下塑胶11的一侧。负极下塑胶12朝向端盖20的表面凸设有第二装配凸台122，第二装配凸台122位于负极下塑胶12远离正极下塑胶11的一侧。示例性的，第二装配凸台122为方形凸台。
负极下塑胶12还设有第二通孔123和多个透气孔124，第二通孔123和多个透气孔124均沿负极下塑胶12的厚度方向(即端盖组件120的厚度方向D1)贯穿负极下塑胶12。具体的，第二通孔123的开口位于第二装配凸台122朝向端盖20的表面。示例性的，第二通孔123为圆形孔。多个透气孔124均位于栅栏部分121，且均沿栅栏部分121的厚度方向(即端盖组件120的厚度方向D1)贯穿栅栏部分121。具体的，多个透气孔124彼此间隔排布。其中，多个透气孔124呈阵列状排布。示例性的，多个透气孔124均为方形孔。
请一并参阅图7和图8，图7是图5所示端盖组件120中端盖20的结构示意图，图8是图7所示端盖20沿B-B处剖开后的结构示意图。
本实施例中，端盖20为采用铝制成的光铝片。端盖20背离下塑胶10的表面凸设有两个安装凸台21，两个安装凸台21分别为第一安装凸台22和第二安装凸台23。具体的，端盖20远离正极下塑胶11的表面凸设有第一安装凸台22，端盖20远离负极下塑胶12的表面凸设有第二安装凸台23。其中，沿端盖20的长度方向(即端盖组件120的长度方向D2)上，第一安装凸台22和第二安装凸台23分别位于端盖20的相对两侧。示例性的，第一安装凸台22和第二安装凸台23均为圆形凸台。
端盖20设有两个避让槽201、防爆孔202、注液孔203和两个安装孔204。两个避让槽201的开口均位于端盖20朝向下塑胶10的表面，两个避让槽201均自端盖20朝向下塑胶10的表面向端盖20远离下塑胶10的表面凹陷。沿端盖20的长度方向(即端盖组件120的长度方向D2)上，两个避让槽201分别位于端盖20的相对两侧，且分别与两个安装凸台21对应设置。其中，两个避让槽201分别为第一避让槽205和第二避让槽206。第一避让槽205与 第一安装凸台22对应设置，且用于避让第一装配凸台111。第二避让槽206与第二安装凸台23对应设置，且用于避让第二装配凸台122。示例性的，第一避让槽205为与第一装配凸台111相适配的方形槽，第二避让槽206为与第二装配凸台122相适配的方形槽。
需要说明的是，第一避让槽205和第二避让槽206均可通过冲压工艺形成，自端盖20朝向下塑胶10的表面向端盖20背离下塑胶10的表面冲压端盖20以形成第一避让槽205和第二避让槽206，以同时形成第一安装凸台22和第二安装凸台23。
防爆孔202、注液孔203和两个安装孔204均沿端盖20的厚度方向(即沿端盖组件120的厚度方向D1)贯穿端盖20。具体的，防爆孔202位于端盖20的中部。其中，沿端盖组件120的厚度方向上，防爆孔202与栅栏部分121相对设置。防爆孔202可通过栅栏部分121连通储能装置100的内部和外部。示例性的，防爆孔202为椭圆形孔。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例描述端盖组件120时所提及的“外”和“内”等方位词，均以图2所示储能装置100的方位进行描述，以背离壳体110外部的一侧为“外”，以朝向壳体110内部的一侧为“内”，后文类似的描述可做相同理解。
沿端盖20的长度方向D2上，注液孔203位于防爆孔202朝向第一安装凸台22的一侧，且与防爆孔202和第一安装凸台22均间隔设置。其中，注液孔203与进液孔113连通。电解液可依次经端盖20的注液孔203和正极下塑胶11的进液孔113注入壳体110(如图2所示)的收容腔，以实现对储能装置100的电解液的灌注。示例性的，注液孔203为圆形孔。
沿端盖20的长度方向D2上，两个安装孔204分别位于防爆孔202的相对两侧，且均与防爆孔202间隔设置。每一安装孔204的开口位于一个安装凸台21背离下塑胶10的表面。具体的，两个安装孔204分别为第一安装孔207和第二安装孔208。第一安装孔207的开口位于第一安装凸台22背离正极下塑胶11的表面，第二安装孔208的开口位于第二安装凸台23背离负极下塑胶12的表面。其中，第一安装孔207与第一通孔112连通，第二安装孔208与第二通孔123连通。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，第一安装孔207和第二安装孔208的结构相同，接下来以第一安装孔207的结构为例，对两个安装孔204的结构进行描述，为避免赘述，后文将不再对第二安装孔208的结构进行重复描述，第一安装孔204和第二安装孔208的结构均可参照下文安装孔204的相关描述。
请参阅图8和图9，图9是图7所示端盖20沿C-C处剖开后的剖面结构示意图。
第一安装孔207均包括第一安装孔部2071和第一沉台孔部2072，沿端盖20的厚度方向上，第一沉台孔部2072位于第一安装孔部2071的一侧，且与第一安装孔部2071连通。具体的，第一沉台孔部2072的开口位于第一安装凸台22背离正极下塑胶11的表面。其中，第一沉台孔部2072的横截面的面积大于第一安装孔部2071的横截面的面积。示例性的，第一安装孔部2071和第一沉台孔部2072均为圆形孔，第一沉台孔部2072的孔径大于第一安装孔部2071的孔径。
本实施例中，第一沉台孔部2072呈花键形。第一沉台孔部2072的孔壁设有多个第一凸起24，多个第一凸起24环绕第一安装孔部2071间隔设置，且均与第一安装孔部2071间隔设置。其中，每一第一凸起24与第一安装孔部2071的距离为w1，w1在0.15mm至0.65mm之间。示例性的，w1为0.15mm。其中，本申请中所提及“mm”是长度单位毫米的缩写。
本实施例中，每一第一凸起24均包括朝向所述第一沉台孔部2072的中心的第一导流部241，沿第一沉台孔部2072向第一安装孔部2071的方向上，第一导流部241的厚度逐渐减小。示例性的，第一导流部241呈尖端状，第一导流部241的尖端朝向第一沉台孔部2072的中心。 其中，第一导流部241包括背离第一安装孔部2071的第一导流面242，第一导流面242与端盖20背离下塑胶10的表面的夹角为θ1，θ1在2度至15度之间。示例性的，θ1为5度。
第一安装孔部2071包括第一安装部分2073和第一连接部分2074，第一安装部分2073位于第一沉台孔部2072朝向下塑胶10的一侧，且与第一沉台孔部2072间隔设置，第一连接部分2074位于第一安装部分2073和第一沉台孔部2072之间，且连通第一安装部分2073和第一沉台孔部2072。沿第一沉台孔部2072向第一安装部分2073的方向上，第一连接部分2074的横截面的面积逐渐减小。示例性的，第一连接部分2074的孔壁面为弧形面。
需要说明的是，正极组件70中，在第一上塑胶注塑成型的过程中，第一安装孔207的孔壁与第一极柱之间的间隙可形成流道，第一导流部241的第一导流面242和第一连接部分2074的孔壁面可引导塑胶平缓流动，因而第一安装孔207的孔壁与第一极柱之间的间隙可形成平缓流道，第一导流部241的第一导流面242和第一连接部分2074的孔壁面的设计不仅可以增加第一极柱与端盖20之间的间隙的宽度，防止第一极柱与端盖20之间的间隙过窄而导致困气，还可以提高第一上塑胶成型后的厚度，避免第一上塑胶过于薄弱，从而有助于提高第一上塑胶的结构强度。
请参阅图7和图8，第二安装孔208包括第二安装孔部2081和第二沉台孔部2082，沿端盖20的厚度方向上，第二沉台孔部2082位于第二安装孔部2081的一侧，且与第二安装孔部2081连通。其中，第二安装孔部2081与第一安装孔部2071的结构相同，第二沉台孔部2082的结构与第一沉台孔部2072的结构相同，第二安装孔部2081和第二沉台孔部2082之间的配合关系与第一安装孔部2071和第一沉台部分2072之间的配合关系相同，在此不再赘述，第二安装孔部2081与第一安装孔部2071的结构、以及第二安装孔部2081与第一安装孔部2071之间的配合关系均可参照上述第一安装孔部2071和第一沉台孔部2072的相关描述。
需要说明的是，负极组件80中，在负极上塑胶注塑成型的过程中，第二安装孔208的孔壁与负极柱之间的间隙可形成流道，第二导流部的第二导流面和第二连接部分的孔壁面可引导塑胶平缓流动，因而第二安装孔208的孔壁与负极柱之间的间隙可形成平缓流道，第二导流部的第二导流面和第二连接部分的孔壁面的设计不仅可以负极柱与端盖20之间的间隙的宽度，防止负极柱与端盖20之间的间隙过窄而导致困气，还可以提高负极上塑胶成型后的厚度，避免负极上塑胶过于薄弱，从而有助于提高负极上塑胶的结构强度。
请参阅图4、图6和图7，防爆阀30安装于端盖20朝向下塑胶10的一侧，且覆盖防爆孔202朝向下塑胶10的开口，并与栅栏部分121相对设置。保护片40安装于端盖20背离下塑胶10的一侧，且覆盖防爆孔202背离下塑胶10的开口，以保护防爆阀30，避免外物或外力对防爆阀30造成破坏。示例性的，防爆阀30和保护片40均可通过焊接的方式安装于端盖20。
可以理解的是，由于防爆孔202连通储能装置100的内部和外部，当储能装置100内部的气压过大时，储能装置100内部的气体可经过栅栏部分121冲击防爆阀30，防爆阀30会在气压的作用下发生破裂，储能装置100内部的气体能依次经过栅栏部分121和防爆孔202及时排向储能装置100的外部，避免储能装置100发生爆炸，提高储能装置100的安全可靠性。
密封件50安装于注液孔203，且密封注液孔203，避让外界的灰尘或水分等杂质依次经端盖20的注液孔203和下塑胶10的进液孔113进入储能装置100的内部，保证储能装置100的使用可靠性。
请参阅图4和图10，图10是图5所示端盖组件120中正极组件70的分解结构示意图。
正极组件70包括第一极柱71、第一密封圈72、第一上塑胶73和第一转接片74。第一极柱71穿设于正极下塑胶11的第一通孔112和端盖20的第一安装孔207。第一上塑胶73和第一密封圈72均套设于第一极柱71，且隔离第一极柱71和端盖20，以使第一极柱71与端盖20绝缘。第一上塑胶73位于第一密封圈72背离下塑胶10的一侧。第一转接片74固定连接于第一极柱71，且电连接于第一极柱71和电极组件的正极耳之间。
需要说明的是，端盖组件120装配过程中，先将下塑胶10与端盖20对位，再自下塑胶10向端盖20的方向，将套设有第一密封圈72的第一极柱71依次穿过正极下塑胶11的第一通孔112和端盖20的第一安装孔207，并给第一极柱71的法兰部施加压力以挤压第一密封圈72，使第一密封圈72夹持于第一极柱71和第一安装孔207的孔壁之间，随后放入注塑模具中，并在注塑模具中进行注塑。注塑过程中，塑胶会流入第一安装孔207的孔壁和第一极柱71之间，注塑完成后，待塑胶冷却后脱模，即可形成第一上塑胶73。
请参阅图4、图11a、图11b和图12，图11a是图10所示正极组件70中第一极柱71在第一种实施方式下的结构示意图，图11b是图11a所示第一极柱71在另一个角度下的结构示意图，图12是图11a所示第一极柱71沿D-D处剖开后的结构示意图。
第一极柱71包括第一柱体部711和第一法兰部712，第一法兰部712固定连接于第一柱体部711的高度方向(即端盖组件120的厚度方向D1)上的一侧。示例性的，第一柱体部711和第一法兰部712可一体成型。
本实施例中，第一柱体部711穿设于正极下塑胶11的第一通孔112和端盖20的第一安装孔207。第一柱体部711设有第一台阶槽713和第一环槽714。第一台阶槽713的开口位于第一柱体部711背离第一法兰部712的表面。第一台阶槽713自第一柱体部711背离第一法兰部712的表面朝向第一法兰部712的方向凹陷，且贯穿第一柱体部711的周面。其中，第一台阶槽713环绕第一柱体部711的周缘设置。
在注塑形成第一上塑胶73的过程中，模具挡环可抵接第一台阶槽713的槽壁，避免塑胶溢胶至第一柱体部711背离第一法兰部712的表面，从而避免塑胶影响后续第一柱体部711背离第一法兰部712的表面与铝巴片等连接片的焊接稳定性。
沿第一柱体部711的高度方向上，第一环槽714位于第一台阶槽713朝向第一法兰部712的一侧，且与第一台阶槽713间隔设置。具体的，第一环槽714的开口设于第一柱体部711的周面。第一环槽714自第一柱体部711的周面向第一柱体部711的中心凹陷。其中，第一环槽714环绕第一柱体部711的周缘设置。在注塑形成第一上塑胶73的过程中，第一环槽714的设计可增加塑胶与第一柱体部711的接触面积，提高第一上塑胶73和第一极柱71之间的连接稳定性。
此外，第一柱体部711还设有至少一个第一环状结构715，沿第一柱体部711的高度方向上，第一环状结构715位于第一环槽714朝向第一法兰部712的一侧。第一环状结构715设于第一柱体部711的周面。第一环状结构715自第一柱体部711的周面向背离第一柱体部711的中心延伸。第一环状结构715环绕第一柱体部711的周缘设置。其中，沿第一柱体部711的高度方向上，第一环状结构715的宽度为w2，w2在0.02mm至0.45mm之间。示例性的，w2为0.15mm。示例性的，第一环状结构715呈螺纹状或线条状。
本实施例中，第一环状结构715有多个，沿第一柱体部711的高度方向上，多个第一环状结构715依次间隔设置。示例性的，多个第一环状结构715依次等距间隔设置。多个第一环状结构715的设计，可增加第一柱体部711与第一密封圈72的抵接面积，有助于提升第一密封圈72的密封性能。并且，多个第一环状结构715远离第一密封圈72抵接的第一法兰部 712的表面，多个第一环状结构715受到的第一密封圈72的挤压力较小，相邻两个第一环状结构715之间的间隙可以容纳未被及时排出的空气，避免多个第一环状结构715与第一密封圈72抵接时发生局部困气的现象，有助于提升多个第一环状结构715与第一密封圈72抵接时各个区域的密封均匀性。在对第一极柱71进行切铣成型时，可通过控制刀头进深一次成型第一环状结构715，减少第一极柱71的加工步骤，有助于降低第一极柱71的加工成本。或者，也可以通过在第一柱体部711的外表面设置凸筋的方式形成第一环状结构715，本申请实施例对第一环状结构715的形成方式不做具体限制。
第一法兰部712设有至少一个第二环状结构716和至少一个第三环状结构719。第二环状结构716设于第一法兰部712朝向第一柱体部711的表面。第二环状结构716自第一法兰部712朝向第一柱体部711的表面向朝向第一柱体部711的方向延伸。第二环状结构716位于第一法兰部712靠近第一柱体部711的位置，且环绕第一柱体部711设置。其中，沿第一法兰部712的中心向边缘的方向上，第二环状结构716的宽度为w3，w3在0.01mm至0.35mm之间。示例性的，w3为0.05mm。
本实施例中，第二环状结构716有多个，沿第一法兰部712的中心向边缘的方向上，多个第二环状结构716依次等距间隔设置。示例性的，第二环状结构716布满第一法兰部712朝向第一柱体部711的表面。多个第二环状结构716的设计，可增加第一法兰部712与第一密封圈72的抵接面积，有助于提升第一密封圈72的密封性能。而且，相邻两个第二环状结构716之间的间隙可以收容未被及时排出的空气，可避免多个第二环状结构716与第一密封圈72抵接发生局部困气的现象，有助于提升多个第二环状结构716与第一密封圈72抵接时各个区域的密封均匀性。在对第一极柱71进行切铣成型时，可通过控制刀头进深一次成型第二环状结构716，减少第一极柱71的加工步骤，有助于降低第一极柱71的加工成本。
此外，w3小于w2。可以理解的是，端盖组件120中，第一极柱71的第一法兰部712与第一密封圈72的接触面积较大，第一极柱71的第一柱体部711与第一密封圈72的接触面积较小，第二环状结构716的宽度小于第一环状结构715的宽度，意味着，第二环状结构716更细，第一环状结构715更粗糙，可使得第一极柱71的整体密封性能更加均匀，储能装置100内部的电解液经第一极柱71和第一密封圈72之间的间隙流出的路径更长，第一密封圈72的密封性能更好。
而且，在挤压第一密封圈72进行第一上塑胶73注塑时，首先，第一密封圈72抵接第一法兰部712朝向第一柱体部711的表面和端盖20朝向下塑胶10的表面中环绕第一安装孔207的周缘，其次，第一密封圈72在厚度方向上的压缩形变与其上下表面均紧密抵接无封闭，第一密封圈72在宽度方向上朝两侧延伸，再者，第一密封圈72继续压缩至其内侧面与第一环状结构715远离第一柱体部711轴心的一端相抵接时，第一柱体部711的外周面未与第一密封圈72的内侧面相抵接的部分有间隙，间隙中存在空气，因第一密封圈72的内侧面有部分未抵接于端盖20朝向下塑胶10的表面，导致第一密封圈72的内侧面的上端轻微翘起；此时，较宽的第一环状结构715可形成更大的排气通道，有利于将要合围封闭的第一柱体部711的外周面间隙内空气快速排出，避免第一密封圈72与第一柱体部711之间发生局部困气，提升密封的均匀性。
第三环状结构719设于第一法兰部712背离第一柱体部711的表面。第三环状结构719自第一法兰部712背离第一柱体部711的表面向背离第一柱体部711的方向延伸。具体的，第三环状结构719的圆心与第一极柱71的轴心重合。其中，第三环状结构719有多个，多个第二环状结构716同圆心。示例性的，第三环状结构719布满第一法兰部712背离第一柱体 部711的表面。
在切铣成型第一极柱71时，可车铣第一法兰部712背离第一柱体部711的表面以平整表面，可削除冲裁时在第一法兰部712背离第一柱体部711的表面的边沿残留的金属毛刺，避免第一转接片74抵接第一法兰部712背离第一柱体部711的表面进行定位时，剐蹭金属毛刺造成其脱落至储能装置100的内部引起短路的风险。而且，在第一转接片74与第一法兰部712背离第一柱体部711的表面进行激光穿透焊接时，被加热至熔融状态的金属液可以在第三环状结构719的引导下向环绕第一极柱71的轴线方向流延，与环形焊接轨迹一致，提升焊接的均匀性，消除焊接后的内应力，避免焊接区域局部翘起。
请参阅图4和图13，图13是图10所示正极组件70中第一极柱71在第二种实施方式下的结构示意图。
本实施方式所示第一极柱71与上述第一种实施方式所示第一极柱71的不同之处在于，每一第一环状结构715沿第一柱体部711的周向设有至少一个第一缺口717。示例性的，第一缺口717的开口位于第一环状结构715的周面。第一缺口717自第一环状结构715的周面向第一柱体部711的中心凹陷，且连通第一环状结构715的相对两侧。其中，每一第一环状结构715设有多个第一缺口717，每相邻两个第一环状结构715的第一缺口717相对设置。
每一第二环状结构716设有至少一个沿第一柱体部711的周向设置的第二缺口718，第二缺口718的开口位于第二环状结构716朝向第一柱体部711的表面。第二缺口718自第二环状结构716朝向第一柱体部711的表面向朝向第一法兰部712的方向凹陷，且贯穿第二环状结构716的相对两侧。其中，每一第二环状结构716设有多个第二缺口718，每相邻两个第一环状结构715的第二缺口718对应设置。
在压合第一极柱71与端盖20以注塑形成第一上塑胶73的过程中，第一密封圈72受压变形以覆盖第一环状结构715和第二环状结构716，相邻两个第一环状结构715之间的气体可以通过第一缺口717排出，相邻两个第二环状结构716之间的气体可以通过第二缺口718排出，避免发生困气的现象，有助于提高第一密封圈72的密封性能。
请参阅图4和图14，图14是图10所示正极组件70中第一极柱71在第三种实施方式下的结构示意图。
本实施方式所示第一极柱71与上述第一种实施方式所示第一极柱71的不同之处在于，相邻两个第一环状结构715的第一缺口717错位设置，相邻两个第二环状结构716的第二缺口718错位设置。需要说明的是，当储能装置100长时间使用后，储能装置100的内部气压增大，电解液会从第一法兰部712和下塑胶10之间的缝隙浸入，相邻两个第一环状结构715的第一缺口717错位设置，相邻两个第二环状结构716的第二缺口718错位设置，渗漏的电解液需绕行于相邻两个交错的第二环状结构716的第二缺口718、以及相邻两个交错的两个第一环状结构715的第一缺口717之间，渗漏的电解液需经过更蜿蜒的路径，换言之，相邻两个第一环状结构715的第一缺口717错位设置，相邻两个第二环状结构716的第二缺口718错位设置，可以延长电解液的渗透至外界的路径，有助于改善储能装置100的漏液现象。
请参阅图4，第一密封圈72套设于第一柱体部711，且抵接第一法兰部712。具体的，第一密封圈72套设第一柱体部711朝向第一法兰部712的部分，且夹持于第一柱体部711和第一安装孔207的孔壁面之间。第一密封圈72朝向第一法兰部712的表面抵接第一法兰部712朝向第一柱体部711的表面，第一密封圈72夹持于第一法兰部712和第一上塑胶73之间。其中，第一密封圈72覆盖多个第一环状结构715和至少部分第二环状结构716，以增加第一密封圈72与第一柱体部711和第一法兰部712的接触面积，有助于提高第一密封圈72 的密封性能。
请参阅图4、图15和图16，图15是图10所示正极组件70中第一上塑胶73在另一个角度下的结构示意图，图16是图10所示正极组件70中第一上塑胶73沿E-E处剖开后的结构示意图。
第一上塑胶73环绕第一柱体部711设置，且连接于第一柱体部711和端盖20之间，并覆盖第一环槽714的槽壁面和多个第一导流部241。第一上塑胶73设有第一凸环731、第一凸筋732和第一台阶环733。第一凸环731设于第一上塑胶73朝向端盖20的表面，且自第一上塑胶73朝向端盖20的表面向背离端盖20的方向延伸。第一凸环731环绕第一柱体部711设置。至少部分第一凸环731位于第一安装孔207，且固定连接于第一安装孔207的孔壁和第一柱体部711之间，并抵接第一密封圈72背离第一法兰部712的表面。
第一凸筋732设于第一凸环731朝向第一密封圈72的表面，且自第一凸环731朝向第一密封圈72的表面向朝向第一密封圈72的方向延伸。第一凸筋732环绕第一柱体部711设置，且位于第一柱体部711的外周面和第一密封圈72的内侧面之间，并连接于第一柱体部711和第一密封圈72之间。
可以理解的是，由于第一极柱71、第一密封圈72和端盖20均为单独加工的零部件，两两之间会存在装配误差的问题，导致第一密封圈72无法实现对第一极柱71和端盖20之间的良好密封，第一凸筋732设计可以进一步提升第一极柱71与第一密封圈72之间的密封性能。而且，第一凸筋732还可以隔离第一柱体部711与第一安装孔207的孔壁，增加了第一柱体部711与第一安装孔207的孔壁之间的爬电距离，有助于保证第一极柱71与端盖20之间的绝缘性能。
需要说明的是，第一极柱71在切铣成型的过程中，第一极柱71的表面可能会有金属毛刺，在注塑形成第一上塑胶73的过程中，第一凸筋732还可以将金属毛刺压折，避免金属毛刺伸入第一安装孔207内造成第一极柱71与端盖20短接，保证第一极柱71与端盖20之间的绝缘。
第一台阶环733设于第一上塑胶73背离端盖20的一端，且自第一上塑胶73朝向第一极柱71的侧表面向朝向第一极柱71的方向延伸。具体的，第一台阶环733部分覆盖第一台阶槽713内，且固定连接于第一台阶槽713的槽壁，并环绕第一柱体部711设置。其中，第一台阶环733的内侧面与第一台阶槽713的槽侧壁面之间具有间隙。示例性的，第一台阶环733背离端盖20的表面可与第一上塑胶73背离端盖20的表面齐平。
需要说明的是，在注塑形成第一上塑胶73的过程中，注塑模具插入第一台阶环733的内侧面与第一台阶槽713的槽侧壁面之间的间隙，且抵接第一台阶槽713的槽侧壁面和部分底壁面，以形成封闭的型腔，防止熔融的塑胶液溢胶至第一极柱71背离端盖20的表面，避免影响后续第一极柱71与巴片等连接片的焊接效果。
此外，第一上塑胶73还设有第一标识槽734，第一标识槽734的开口位于第一上塑胶73背离端盖20的表面。第一标识槽734自第一上塑胶73背离端盖20的表面朝向端盖20的方向凹陷。其中，第一标识槽734有两个，两个第一标识槽734分别位于第一上塑胶73的相对两侧。示例性的，第一标识槽734呈“十”字型。在其他一些实施例中，第一标识槽734也可以呈“正”字型或其他形状。
第一转接片74安装于正极下塑胶11的内侧，且位于第一法兰部712背离第一柱体部711的一侧。具体的，第一转接片74的一端电连接第一法兰部712，另一端电连接电极组件的正极耳。示例性的，第一转接片74可通过焊接的方式电连接于第一法兰部712和/或电极组件 的负极耳。
请一并参阅图4和图17，图17是图5所示端盖组件120中负极组件80的分解结构示意图。
负极组件80包括第二极柱81、第二密封圈82、第二上塑胶83和第二转接片84。第二极柱81穿设于负极下塑胶12的第二通孔123和端盖20的第二安装孔208。第二上塑胶83和第二密封圈82均套设于第二极柱81，且隔离第二极柱81和端盖20，以使第二极柱81与端盖20绝缘。第二上塑胶83位于第二密封圈82背离下塑胶10的一侧。第二转接片84固定连接于第二极柱81，且电连接于第二极柱81和电极组件的负极耳之间。
其中，第二极柱81、第二密封圈82、第二上塑胶83和第二转接片84的结构、以及两两之间的配合关系均可参照上文中第一极柱71、第一密封圈72、第一上塑胶73和第一转接片74的相关描述在此不再赘述。负极组件80与正极组件70的不同之处在于，第二上塑胶83中，第二标识槽834呈“一”字型。在其他一些实施例中，第二标识槽834也可以呈“负”字型或其他形状。
本申请还提供一种用电设备，用电设备包括上述储能装置100，储能装置100为用电设备供电。其中，用电设备可为新能源汽车、储电站和服务器等需要用电的设备。
以上描述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内；在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种端盖组件，用于储能装置中，其特征在于，包括端盖和极柱组件，所述端盖设有安装孔，所述安装孔沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述端盖，所述极柱组件包括极柱、密封圈和上塑胶，所述极柱包括柱体部，所述柱体部设有环槽，所述环槽的开口位于所述柱体部的外周面，所述环槽环绕柱体部的周缘设置，所述柱体部穿设于所述安装孔，所述柱体部设有至少一个第一环状结构，所述第一环状结构设于所述柱体部的周面，且环绕所述柱体部设置，所述密封圈套设于所述柱体部，且覆盖所述第一环状结构，并夹持于所述端盖和所述极柱之间，所述上塑胶套设于所述柱体部，且覆盖所述环槽的槽壁面，并连接于所述柱体部和所述端盖之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述第一环状结构有多个，沿所述柱体部的高度方向上，多个所述第一环状结构依次等距间隔排布。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述第一环状结构呈螺纹状或线条状。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，每一所述第一环状结构沿所述柱体部的周向设置至少一个第一缺口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，每相邻两个所述第一环状结构的所述第一缺口相对设置，或者，每相邻两个所述第一环状结构的所述第一缺口错位设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述第一环状结构的宽度在0.02mm至0.45mm之间。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述极柱还包括法兰部，所述法兰部固定连接于所述柱体部的一侧，所述法兰部设有至少一个第二环状结构，所述第二环状结构设于所述法兰部朝向所述柱体部的表面，且环绕所述柱体部设置；
    所述密封圈抵接所述法兰部朝向所述柱体部的表面，且覆盖至少部分所述第二环状结构。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，在所述第二环状结构有多个的情况下，沿所述法兰部朝向所述柱体部的表面的中心向边缘的方向上，多个所述第二环状结构依次等距间隔排布且布满所述法兰部朝向所述柱体部的表面。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，每一所述第二环状结构设有至少一个沿所述柱体部的周向设置的第二缺口。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，每相邻两个所述第二环状结构的所述第二缺口相对设置，或者，每相邻两个所述第二环状结构的所述第二缺口错位设置。
  11. 根据权利要求7至10中任一项所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述第二环状结构的宽度小于所述第一环状结构的宽度。
  12. 根据权利要求7至10中任一项所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述第二环状结构的宽度在0.01mm至0.35mm之间。
  13. 根据权利要求7所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述上塑胶设有凸环和凸筋，所述凸环设于所述上塑胶朝向所述端盖的表面，且环绕所述柱体部设置，至少部分所述凸环位于所述安装孔，且设于所述安装孔的孔壁和所述柱体部之间，并抵接所述密封圈背离所述法兰部的部分表面，所述凸筋设于所述凸环朝向所述密封件的表面，且环绕所述柱体部设置，所述凸筋位于所述密封圈的内侧面和所述柱体部的外周面之间。
  14. 根据权利要求7所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述法兰部还设有至少一个第三环状结构，所述第三环状结构设于所述法兰部背离所述柱体部的表面。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述第三环状结构有多个，多个所述第三环状结构同圆心，且布满所述法兰部背离所述柱体部的表面。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述柱体部设有台阶槽，所述台阶槽的开口位于所述柱体部背离所述端盖的表面，所述台阶槽环绕所述柱体部的边缘设置，且贯穿所述柱体部的外周面；
    所述上塑胶还设有台阶环，所述台阶环固定连接于所述上塑胶朝向所述极柱的侧面，且位于所述上塑胶背离所述端盖的一侧，所述台阶环部分覆盖所述台阶槽，所述台阶环的内侧面与所述台阶槽的槽侧壁面之间具有间隙。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述安装孔包括安装孔部和沉台孔部，所述沉台孔部位于所述安装孔部的一侧，且与所述安装孔部连通，所述沉台孔部的横截面的面积大于所述安装孔部的横截面的面积，所述沉台孔部的孔壁包括多个导流部，多个所述导流部环绕所述安装孔部间隔设置，所述上塑胶覆盖多个所述导流部。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，每一所述导流部均与所述安装孔部间隔设置，沿所述沉台孔部向所述安装孔部的方向上，所述导流部的厚度逐渐减小。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的端盖组件，其特征在于，所述安装孔部包括安装部分和连接部分，所述连接部分连通所述安装部分和所述沉台孔部，沿所述沉台孔部向所述安装孔部的方向上，所述连接部分的横截面逐渐减小。
  20. 一种储能装置，其特征在于，包括壳体和如权利要求1至19中任一项所述的端盖组件，所述端盖组件安装于所述壳体的一侧。
  21. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求20所述的储能装置，所述储能装置为 所述用电设备供电。
PCT/CN2023/107087 2023-07-12 2023-07-12 端盖组件、储能装置和用电设备 Ceased WO2025010684A1 (zh)

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