WO2025002865A1 - Verbundscheibe mit heizbarer, transparenter folie und reflexionsschicht für p-polarisierte strahlung - Google Patents
Verbundscheibe mit heizbarer, transparenter folie und reflexionsschicht für p-polarisierte strahlung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2025002865A1 WO2025002865A1 PCT/EP2024/066721 EP2024066721W WO2025002865A1 WO 2025002865 A1 WO2025002865 A1 WO 2025002865A1 EP 2024066721 W EP2024066721 W EP 2024066721W WO 2025002865 A1 WO2025002865 A1 WO 2025002865A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pane
- layer
- heatable
- composite pane
- transparent film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
- B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
- B60K2360/23—Optical features of instruments using reflectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
- B60K2360/77—Instrument locations other than the dashboard
- B60K2360/785—Instrument locations other than the dashboard on or in relation to the windshield or windows
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
- H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology
Definitions
- the invention relates to a composite pane with a heatable, transparent film and a reflection layer for p-polarized radiation, a display system comprising the composite pane, a method for producing the composite pane and the use of the composite pane.
- HIDs head-up displays
- a projector typically in the dashboard area, projects images onto the visible area of the windshield, where they are reflected and perceived by the driver as a virtual image (from his perspective) behind the windshield. This means that important information can be projected into the driver's field of vision, such as the current driving speed, navigation or warning information, which the driver can perceive without having to take his eyes off the road.
- Head-up displays can therefore make a significant contribution to increasing road safety.
- HUD projectors typically illuminate the windshield at an angle of incidence of about 65%, which is close to the Brewster angle for an air-glass transition (57.2° for soda-lime glass). This circumstance can be exploited to ensure a clear display of the HUD projection: if the HUD projector is operated with p-polarized radiation, the radiation is hardly reflected at the external glass surfaces of the windshield. Instead, the windshield is equipped with a reflective layer that is suitable for reflecting the p-polarized radiation to produce the display image. Since there is only one significant reflection plane, namely the reflective layer, a clear display image is produced without ghost images (or with only weak ghost images that are due to residual reflection at the external glass surfaces if the angle of incidence deviates slightly from the Brewster angle). For example, reference is made to DE102014220189A1, EP3187917B1 and WO2021104800A1.
- a transparent, conductive film is known, for example, from WO 2016/172315 A1, WO 2020/102392 A1 and WO 2022/081756 A1.
- WO 2023/066378 A1 describes a HUD glass that may include an electrically conductive layer.
- WO 2022/106315 A1 describes a projection arrangement for HUD with p-polarized radiation, which comprises heating wires.
- WO 2022/050388 A1 describes a laminated glass, wherein a functional layer is arranged between the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane and a binding layer for fixing the functional layer is arranged between the two glass panes.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a heatable composite pane with high transmission in the visible spectral range, which is suitable for HUD projection using p-polarized radiation.
- the object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a composite pane according to claim 1.
- Preferred embodiments emerge from the subclaims.
- the invention also relates to a display system comprising the composite pane, a method for producing the composite pane and the use of the composite pane as interior glazing or exterior glazing in a vehicle or a building.
- the composite pane according to the invention comprises at least in the following order: an outer pane with an outer surface and an inner surface, a first thermoplastic intermediate layer, a heatable, transparent film, a second thermoplastic intermediate layer, an inner pane with an outer surface and an inner surface, and a reflective layer on the outer surface of the inner pane or on the inner surface of the inner pane, wherein the reflective layer is suitable for reflecting p-polarized radiation.
- the outer pane and the inner pane each have an outside surface, i.e. an outer surface, and an interior surface, i.e. an inner surface, and a circumferential side edge running between them.
- the outer surface refers to the main surface which is intended to face the outside environment in the installed position.
- the inner surface refers to the main surface which is intended to face the interior in the installed position.
- the inner surface of the outer pane and the outer surface of the inner pane face each other in the composite pane according to the invention.
- the surfaces of the composite pane are typically referred to as follows:
- the outer surface of the outer pane is called side I.
- the inner surface of the outer pane is called side II.
- the outer surface of the inner pane is called side III.
- the inner surface of the inner pane is called side IV.
- the inner pane in the sense of the invention refers to the pane facing the interior space (vehicle interior).
- the outer pane refers to the pane facing the outside environment.
- visibility through the laminated pane means visibility from the outside environment or visibility from the interior.
- the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably made of glass, particularly preferably soda-lime glass, as is usual for window panes.
- the panes can also be made of other types of glass, for example quartz glass, borosilicate glass or alumino-silicate glass, or of rigid clear plastics, for example polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
- the panes can be clear or tinted or colored. If the composite pane is used as a windshield, the outer pane and the inner pane should have sufficient light transmission in the central viewing area, preferably at least 70% in the main viewing area A according to ECE-R43.
- the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably curved, i.e. they have a curvature.
- the thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary widely and can thus be adapted to the requirements in individual cases.
- the outer pane and the inner pane preferably each have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, particularly preferably 1 mm to 3 mm, very particularly preferably 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm.
- the outer pane has a thickness of 2.1 mm and the inner pane has a thickness of 1.6 mm.
- the outer pane or in particular the inner pane can also be thin glass with a thickness of, for example, 0.55 mm.
- the composite pane comprises a first thermoplastic intermediate layer and a second thermoplastic intermediate layer.
- the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably contain, independently of one another, at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers, for example block copolymers, or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), very particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and additives known to the person skilled in the art, such as plasticizers.
- Plasticizers are chemical compounds that make plastics softer, more flexible, more pliable and/or more elastic. They shift the thermoelastic range of plastics towards lower temperatures so that the plastics have the desired elastic properties in the range of the application temperature.
- Preferred plasticizers are carboxylic acid esters, in particular low-volatility carboxylic acid esters, fats, oils, soft resins and camphor.
- Other plasticizers are preferably aliphatic diesters of tri- or tetraethylene glycol.
- Particularly preferred plasticizers are 3G7, 3G8 or 4G7, where the first digit indicates the number of ethylene glycol units and the last digit indicates the number of carbon atoms in the carboxylic acid part of the compound.
- 3G8 stands for triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate), i.e. for a compound of the formula C4H9CH(CH2CH3)CO(OCH2CH2)3O2CCH(CH 2 CH3)C4H9.
- the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer independently contain at least 3 wt.%, for example at least 5 wt.%, at least 20 wt.%, at least 30 wt.% and at least 40 wt.% of a plasticizer. More preferably, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer independently contain at least 60 wt.%, particularly preferably at least 70 wt.%, in particular at least 90 wt.% and for example at least 97 wt.% polyvinyl butyral.
- the thickness of the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer is, independently of one another, preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.
- the composite pane comprises a heatable, transparent film.
- the heatable, transparent film can be used to heat the composite pane efficiently, since the heatable, transparent film itself can be heated quickly and homogeneously without adversely affecting the transmission in the visible spectral range of the composite pane.
- transparent film means that the film has a transmission in the visible spectral range from 380 nm to 750 nm of at least 75%, preferably of at least 80%, more preferably of at least 85%.
- the transmission can be measured using a spectrophotometer (for example PerkinElmer Lambda 900 UV/VIS/NIR) with the light type D65.
- a spectrophotometer for example PerkinElmer Lambda 900 UV/VIS/NIR
- the use of the heatable, transparent film does not disadvantageously reduce the transmission in the visible spectral range of the composite pane.
- the heatable, transparent film preferably extends over at least 5%, particularly preferably over at least 10%, very particularly preferably over at least 50%, in particular over at least 90% of the surface of the composite pane.
- the heatable, transparent film can also extend over the entire composite pane or essentially the entire surface, i.e. the entire surface minus a peripheral edge area of, for example, 20 mm, which is usually covered by a frame-like dark cover print.
- a full-surface or essentially full-surface arrangement of the heatable, transparent film offers advantages in production and in the heatability of the entire composite pane.
- the heatable, transparent film is provided with busbars that are connected to the poles of a voltage source.
- busbars Preferably, at least two outer busbars provided for connection to a voltage source are connected to the heatable, transparent film in such a way that a current path for a heating current is formed between the busbars.
- the material for the busbars is not particularly limited as long as it enables the current path to be formed.
- the heatable, transparent film comprises a polymer film.
- the polymer film can serve as a substrate of the heatable, transparent film and support a structure that makes the heatable, transparent film heatable.
- the polymer of the polymer film is not particularly limited as long as the corresponding polymer film is transparent and mechanically stable.
- the polymer of the polymer film comprises a polymer from the group selected from polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyethersulfone, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyimide.
- the polymer of the polymer film comprises or consists of polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate.
- a polymer film with such a polymer has particularly advantageous transparency and mechanical stability.
- the polymer film preferably has a thickness in a range from 55 pm to 300 pm, more preferably from 75 pm to 150 pm, whereby good mechanical stability of the heatable, transparent film can be achieved.
- the heatable, transparent film comprises a metal mesh layer or a layer with metal nanowires.
- the metal mesh layer or the layer with metal nanowires gives the heatable, transparent film electrical conductivity and thus heatability.
- the metal mesh layer consists of a maximum of 40%, more preferably a maximum of 25%, even more preferably a maximum of 10%, of metal when viewed from above.
- “Top view” here means the direction of view in the direction of the surface normal of the metal mesh layer. This means that the remaining portion of the metal mesh layer that is not taken up by the metal is represents a free surface. This makes it possible to achieve an advantageous transparency of the heatable, transparent film in comparison to a metal layer applied over the entire surface.
- the metal mesh layer preferably consists of at least 1%, more preferably at least 2%, even more preferably at least 3%, of metal when viewed from above, whereby good electrical conductivity can be achieved.
- the metal mesh layer has a thickness in a range from 0.5 pm to 10 pm, more preferably from 1 pm to 6 pm, so that a good transparency of the heatable, transparent film can be achieved.
- the metal mesh layer is formed from metal lines.
- “metal lines” means an elongated segment formed from metal.
- the line width of a metal line is preferably from 1 pm to 7 pm, more preferably from 2 pm to 6 pm.
- the “line width of the metal line” refers to the extent of the metal line that is perpendicular to the length of the metal line in the extension direction and perpendicular to the thickness of the metal line.
- the thickness of the metal line is the extent of the metal line parallel to the direction of the thickness of the heatable, transparent film.
- a metal line has a thickness in a range from 0.5 pm to 10 pm, more preferably from 1 pm to 6 pm.
- the thickness of the metal line corresponds to the thickness of the metal mesh layer.
- the distance between two metal lines is preferably from 200 pm to 400 pm, more preferably from 250 pm to 350 pm. This geometric arrangement and the corresponding dimensions make it possible to obtain a mechanically stable metal mesh layer while maintaining an advantageous transparency.
- the metal lines are arranged in a pattern.
- the metal lines are arranged in a diamond pattern, which allows easy adjustment of the transparency and electrical conductivity of the metal mesh layer.
- the layer with metal nanowires preferably has a thickness in a range from 0.1 pm to 5 pm.
- the metal nanowires have a diameter in a range from 10 nm to 100 nm and a length in a range from 5 pm to 30 pm. This can ensure an advantageous transparency of the heatable, transparent film.
- the metal nanowires are preferably arranged randomly in the layer.
- the metal of the metal mesh layer or the layer with metal nanowires is selected from copper, silver or aluminum.
- the metal of the metal mesh layer or the layer with metal nanowires is preferably copper or silver, since this allows particularly good electrical conductivity of the heatable, transparent film to be achieved.
- the metal of the metal mesh layer is copper.
- the metal of the metal nanowires is silver.
- the metal mesh layer or the layer with metal nanowires is arranged on the polymer film.
- the metal mesh layer or the layer with metal nanowires can advantageously be mechanically stabilized by the polymer film.
- the metal of the metal mesh layer covers at most 40%, more preferably at most 25%, even more preferably at most 10%, of the surface of the polymer film in the plan view of the heatable, transparent film or polymer film, whereby an advantageous transparency of the heatable, transparent film can be ensured.
- Plan view here means the direction of view in the direction of the surface normal of the heatable, transparent film or polymer film.
- the metal of the metal mesh layer covers at least 1%, more preferably at least 2%, even more preferably at least 3%, of the surface of the polymer film in the plan view of the heatable, transparent film or polymer film, whereby good electrical conductivity can be achieved.
- the metal nanowires of the layer with metal nanowires cover at most 40%, more preferably at most 25%, even more preferably at most 10%, of the surface of the polymer film in the plan view of the heatable, transparent film or polymer film, whereby an advantageous transparency of the heatable, transparent film can be ensured.
- Plan view here means the direction of view in the direction of the surface normal of the heatable, transparent film or polymer film.
- the metal nanowires of the layer with metal nanowires cover at least 1%, more preferably at least 2%, even more preferably at least 3%, of the surface of the polymer film in the plan view of the heatable, transparent film or polymer film, whereby good electrical conductivity can be achieved.
- the heatable, transparent film comprises a layer with electrically conductive fibers that at least partially covers the metal mesh layer or the layer with metal nanowires.
- the layer with electrically conductive fibers preferably fills the free area of the metal mesh layer that is not taken up by the metal of the metal mesh layer on the surface of the polymer film, or the free spaces between the metal nanowires of the layer with metal nanowires. This can increase the electrical conductivity of the heatable, transparent film.
- the layer with electrically conductive fibers has a thickness in a range of 5 pm to 70 pm.
- the metal mesh layer or the layer with metal nanowires is arranged between the polymer film and the layer with the electrically conductive fibers.
- the layer with the electrically conductive fibers comprises a binder.
- the electrically conductive fibers are carbon nanotubes, in particular single-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 0.7 nm to 1.4 nm and a length of 0.3 pm to 3 pm.
- the metal mesh layer or the layer with metal nanowires can be particularly advantageously stabilized and the electrical conductivity of the heatable, transparent film can also be improved.
- the carbon nanotubes can in particular according to the method described in WO 2022/081756 A1.
- the composite pane comprises a reflective layer on the outer surface of the inner pane or on the inner surface of the inner pane, wherein the reflective layer is suitable for reflecting p-polarized radiation.
- the reflective layer is arranged on the inner surface of the inner pane.
- the arrangement of the reflective layer on the inner surface of the inner pane is advantageous in that a particularly clear representation of the display image with only a very weakly intense ghost image can be achieved in the event that the angle of incidence of the imaging unit does not exactly correspond to the Brewster angle.
- This ghost image is caused by a certain residual reflection on the outer surface of the outer pane, which is further weakened by passing through the reflective layer.
- the reflective layer is arranged on the outer surface of the inner pane. Since the reflective layer in this arrangement is protected by the layer between the outer pane and the inner pane, materials that are susceptible to corrosion can also be used for the reflective layer.
- the reflective layer reflects the p-polarized light striking the reflective layer with a reflectance of preferably 30% or more, preferably 50% or more, very particularly 70% or more and in particular 90% or more.
- the reflectance describes the proportion of the total incident radiation that is reflected. It is given in % (based on 100% incident radiation) or as a unitless number from 0 to 1 (normalized to the incident radiation). Plotted as a function of the wavelength, it forms the reflection spectrum.
- the statements on the reflectance with respect to p-polarized radiation refer in the context of the present invention to the reflectance measured at an angle of incidence of 65° to the interior surface normal.
- the reflective layer comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, tin, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver and gold or alloys thereof.
- the reflective layer can independently or additionally contain silicon oxide.
- the reflective layer is a reflective coating containing a thin-film stack, i.e. a layer sequence of thin individual layers.
- this thin-film stack contains one or more electrically conductive layers based on silver.
- the electrically conductive layer based on silver gives the reflective coating the basic reflective properties and also an IR-reflecting effect and electrical conductivity.
- the electrically conductive layer preferably contains at least 90% by weight of silver, particularly preferably at least 99% by weight of silver, very particularly preferably at least 99.9% by weight of silver.
- the electrically conductive layer based on silver can have dopants, for example palladium, gold, copper or aluminum. Materials based on silver are particularly suitable for reflecting p-polarized light.
- the use of silver in reflective coatings has proven to be particularly advantageous for reflecting p-polarized light.
- the reflective coating preferably has a thickness of 5 pm to 50 pm, more preferably 8 pm to 25 pm.
- the reflection layer is formed as a reflective film that reflects p-polarized light.
- the reflective layer may be a reflective coating. According to a further embodiment, the reflective layer may be a reflective polymer film.
- the reflective coating preferably comprises at least one layer based on a metal and/or a dielectric layer sequence with alternating refractive indices.
- the layer based on a metal preferably contains silver and/or aluminum, or consists thereof.
- the reflective layer is preferably a reflective coating which represents a dielectric layer sequence with alternating refractive indices.
- the combination of the heatable, transparent film and this type of reflective layer which is a reflective coating that represents a dielectric layer sequence with alternating refractive indices, makes it possible to obtain a composite pane with a very high transmission in the visible spectral range.
- the transmission in the visible spectral range of the composite pane can be reduced.
- the dielectric layers can, for example, be based on silicon nitride, zinc oxide, tin-zinc oxide, silicon-metal mixed nitrides such as silicon-zirconium nitride, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, tungsten oxide or silicon carbide.
- the dielectric layer sequence preferably comprises, starting from the inner surface of the inner pane, arranged flat one above the other in this order, at least one optically high-refractive layer with a refractive index of greater than or equal to 1.7 and one optically low-refractive layer with a refractive index of less than or equal to 1.6. Methods for determining refractive indices are known to those skilled in the art.
- Refractive indices can be determined, for example, by means of ellipsometry, whereby commercially available ellipsometers can be used.
- the layers of the dielectric layer sequence can be applied using physical or chemical vapor deposition, i.e. using PVD or CVD processes (PVD: physical vapor deposition, CVD: chemical vapor deposition).
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- Corresponding dielectric layer sequences with alternating refractive indices are known, for example, from WO 2023/052065A1.
- the reflective polymer film comprises or consists of at least one dielectric polymer layer.
- the dielectric polymer layer preferably contains polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate. If the reflective layer is designed as a reflective film, it is preferably from 30 pm to 300 pm, more preferably from 50 pm to 200 pm, even more preferably from 100 pm to 150 pm, thick.
- the reflective layer is a reflective film that functions on the basis of synergistically interacting prisms and reflective polarizers. Such reflective films for use as a reflective layer are commercially available, for example from the 3M Company.
- the invention further relates to a display system for a vehicle, comprising the composite pane according to the invention, wherein the composite pane has at least one display area, and at least one imaging unit which is directed at the display area and irradiates it with p-polarized radiation.
- the imaging unit irradiates an area of the composite pane where the radiation is reflected in the direction of the viewer (driver), creating a virtual image that the viewer perceives from behind the composite pane.
- the area of the composite pane that can be irradiated or is irradiated by the imaging unit is referred to as the display area.
- the composite pane has at least one such display area.
- the at least one imaging unit is therefore directed at the at least one display area.
- the at least one imaging unit emits p-polarized radiation and irradiates the at least one display area with this p-polarized radiation.
- the display system according to the invention is operated with p-polarized radiation.
- the radiation of the at least one imaging unit is predominantly p-polarized, i.e. has a proportion of p-polarized radiation of more than 50%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 95%.
- the radiation is in particular essentially purely p-polarized - the p-polarized radiation proportion is therefore 100% or deviates only insignificantly from this.
- the indication of the direction of polarization refers to the plane of incidence of the radiation on the composite pane.
- P-polarized radiation refers to radiation whose electric field oscillates in the plane of incidence.
- S-polarized radiation refers to radiation whose electric field oscillates perpendicular to the plane of incidence.
- the beam direction can typically be varied using mirrors, particularly vertically, in order to adapt the projection to the height of the viewer.
- the area in which the viewer's eyes must be located for a given mirror position is called the eyebox window.
- This eyebox window can be moved vertically by adjusting the mirrors, whereby the entire area accessible in this way (i.e. the superposition of all possible eyebox windows) is called the eyebox.
- a viewer located inside the eyebox can perceive the virtual image. This of course means that the viewer's eyes must be inside the eyebox, not the entire body.
- the technical terms used here from the field of HUDs are generally known to the expert.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24733598.7A EP4735248A1 (de) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-06-17 | Verbundscheibe mit heizbarer, transparenter folie und reflexionsschicht für p-polarisierte strahlung |
| CN202480038140.XA CN121285467A (zh) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-06-17 | 包括可加热透明膜和用于p偏振辐射的反射层的复合嵌板 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23182573 | 2023-06-30 | ||
| EP23182573.8 | 2023-06-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2025002865A1 true WO2025002865A1 (de) | 2025-01-02 |
Family
ID=87060123
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/066721 Ceased WO2025002865A1 (de) | 2023-06-30 | 2024-06-17 | Verbundscheibe mit heizbarer, transparenter folie und reflexionsschicht für p-polarisierte strahlung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4735248A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN121285467A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2025002865A1 (de) |
Citations (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014220189A1 (de) | 2014-10-06 | 2016-04-07 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Head-Up-Display und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines virtuellen Bilds mittels eines Head-Up-Displays |
| WO2016172315A1 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-27 | Chasm Technologies, Inc. | Transparent conductive film |
| WO2020102392A1 (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-22 | Chasm Advanced Materials, Inc. | Transparent conductive circuit |
| EP3187917B1 (de) | 2014-10-14 | 2021-03-10 | Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co., Ltd. | Blickfeldanzeigesystem |
| WO2021104800A1 (de) | 2019-11-28 | 2021-06-03 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Projektionsanordnung für ein head-up-display (hud) mit p-polarisierter strahlung |
| WO2022050388A1 (ja) | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-10 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
| WO2022081756A1 (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-21 | Chasm Advanced Materials, Inc. | Curable carbon nanotube ink and transparent conductive films created using the ink |
| WO2022106315A1 (de) | 2020-11-23 | 2022-05-27 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Projektionsanordnung für ein head-up-display (hud) mit p-polarisierter strahlung |
| WO2023052065A1 (de) | 2021-09-28 | 2023-04-06 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Projektionsanordnung umfassend eine verbundscheibe |
| WO2023066378A1 (zh) | 2021-10-21 | 2023-04-27 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | 一种抬头显示玻璃及其抬头显示系统 |
-
2024
- 2024-06-17 WO PCT/EP2024/066721 patent/WO2025002865A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-06-17 EP EP24733598.7A patent/EP4735248A1/de active Pending
- 2024-06-17 CN CN202480038140.XA patent/CN121285467A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014220189A1 (de) | 2014-10-06 | 2016-04-07 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Head-Up-Display und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines virtuellen Bilds mittels eines Head-Up-Displays |
| EP3187917B1 (de) | 2014-10-14 | 2021-03-10 | Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co., Ltd. | Blickfeldanzeigesystem |
| WO2016172315A1 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-27 | Chasm Technologies, Inc. | Transparent conductive film |
| WO2020102392A1 (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-22 | Chasm Advanced Materials, Inc. | Transparent conductive circuit |
| WO2021104800A1 (de) | 2019-11-28 | 2021-06-03 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Projektionsanordnung für ein head-up-display (hud) mit p-polarisierter strahlung |
| WO2022050388A1 (ja) | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-10 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
| WO2022081756A1 (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-21 | Chasm Advanced Materials, Inc. | Curable carbon nanotube ink and transparent conductive films created using the ink |
| WO2022106315A1 (de) | 2020-11-23 | 2022-05-27 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Projektionsanordnung für ein head-up-display (hud) mit p-polarisierter strahlung |
| WO2023052065A1 (de) | 2021-09-28 | 2023-04-06 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Projektionsanordnung umfassend eine verbundscheibe |
| WO2023066378A1 (zh) | 2021-10-21 | 2023-04-27 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | 一种抬头显示玻璃及其抬头显示系统 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP4735248A1 (de) | 2026-05-06 |
| CN121285467A (zh) | 2026-01-06 |
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