WO2024261951A1 - 切削工具 - Google Patents

切削工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024261951A1
WO2024261951A1 PCT/JP2023/023096 JP2023023096W WO2024261951A1 WO 2024261951 A1 WO2024261951 A1 WO 2024261951A1 JP 2023023096 W JP2023023096 W JP 2023023096W WO 2024261951 A1 WO2024261951 A1 WO 2024261951A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
cutting tool
less
residual stress
substrate
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/JP2023/023096
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
将仁 引地
貴翔 山西
隆洋 山川
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Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp
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Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp filed Critical Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp
Priority to KR1020257012534A priority Critical patent/KR20250068741A/ko
Priority to PCT/JP2023/023096 priority patent/WO2024261951A1/ja
Priority to CN202380072949.XA priority patent/CN120051344A/zh
Priority to US18/571,264 priority patent/US12226836B2/en
Priority to EP23942384.1A priority patent/EP4582201A4/en
Priority to JP2023562712A priority patent/JP7581587B1/ja
Publication of WO2024261951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024261951A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/148Composition of the cutting inserts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/36Carbonitrides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/40Oxides
    • C23C16/403Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/455Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
    • C23C16/45502Flow conditions in reaction chamber
    • C23C16/45508Radial flow
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/56After-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/042Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/044Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/40Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
    • C23C28/42Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by the composition of the alternating layers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2224/00Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
    • B23B2224/04Aluminium oxide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2224/00Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
    • B23B2224/32Titanium carbide nitride (TiCN)
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/10Coatings
    • B23B2228/105Coatings with specified thickness

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to cutting tools.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 6 cutting tools that have a substrate and a coating disposed on the substrate have been used for cutting.
  • the cutting tool of the present disclosure comprises: 1.
  • a cutting tool comprising a substrate and a coating disposed on the substrate, the coating includes a first layer disposed on the substrate, a second layer disposed on the first layer, and a third layer disposed on the second layer; the first layer being made of titanium carbonitride; the second layer is made of aluminum oxide; the third layer is made of titanium carbonitride;
  • the residual stress X of the first layer, the residual stress Y of the second layer, and the residual stress Z of the third layer satisfy the relationship of Equation 1.
  • Equation 1 X ⁇ Y ⁇ Z Equation 1
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating one embodiment of a cutting tool according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) apparatus used in manufacturing the cutting tool of the present disclosure.
  • CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
  • a cutting tool is used in light interrupted turning of black alloy steel, which includes a substrate and a coating disposed on the substrate, the coating including a first layer located on the substrate, a second layer located on the first layer, and a third layer located on the second layer, the first layer being made of titanium carbonitride, the second layer being made of aluminum oxide, and the third layer being made of titanium carbonitride.
  • the third layer is easily destroyed by blasting, and it is difficult to introduce sufficient residual stress into the first layer, so that the "fracture resistance” may not be sufficient.
  • wear is easily caused by micro-damage resulting from insufficient "fracture resistance” (i.e., there are cases where "wear resistance” is insufficient). Therefore, there is a demand for a tool that combines excellent "wear resistance” and excellent “fracture resistance” to extend tool life, particularly in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the present disclosure therefore aims to provide a cutting tool that has a long tool life, especially in lightly interrupted turning of black alloy steel.
  • the cutting tool of the present disclosure comprises: 1.
  • a cutting tool comprising a substrate and a coating disposed on the substrate, the coating includes a first layer disposed on the substrate, a second layer disposed on the first layer, and a third layer disposed on the second layer; the first layer is made of titanium carbonitride; the second layer is made of aluminum oxide; the third layer is made of titanium carbonitride;
  • the residual stress X of the first layer, the residual stress Y of the second layer, and the residual stress Z of the third layer satisfy the relationship of Equation 1.
  • the residual stress X of the first layer is preferably -1.0 GPa or more and -0.3 GPa or less. This makes it possible to provide a cutting tool with a longer tool life, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the residual stress Y of the second layer is preferably -0.5 GPa or more and 0.1 GPa or less. This makes it possible to provide a cutting tool with a longer tool life, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the residual stress Z of the third layer is preferably -0.3 GPa or more and 0.4 GPa or less. This makes it possible to provide a cutting tool with a longer tool life, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the thickness of the first layer is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less. This makes it possible to provide a cutting tool with a longer tool life, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the thickness of the second layer is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less. This makes it possible to provide a cutting tool with a longer tool life, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the thickness of the third layer is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less. This makes it possible to provide a cutting tool with a longer tool life, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • a ⁇ B means the upper and lower limits of a range (i.e., greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B). If no unit is stated for A and only a unit is stated for B, the units of A and B are the same.
  • a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG.
  • One embodiment of the present disclosure (hereinafter also referred to as “the present embodiment") is A cutting tool 10 comprising a substrate 1 and a coating 2 disposed on the substrate 1,
  • the coating 2 includes a first layer 3 located on the substrate 1, a second layer 4 located on the first layer 3, and a third layer 5 located on the second layer 4,
  • the first layer 3 is made of titanium carbonitride
  • the second layer 4 is made of aluminum oxide
  • the third layer 5 is made of titanium carbonitride,
  • the residual stress X of the first layer 3, the residual stress Y of the second layer 4, and the residual stress Z of the third layer 5 satisfy the relationship of Equation 1.
  • Equation 1 X ⁇ Y ⁇ Z Equation 1
  • the residual stress X of the first layer 3, the residual stress Y of the second layer 4, and the residual stress Z of the third layer 5 satisfy the relationship of Equation 1.
  • X ⁇ Y ⁇ Z Equation 1 This results in a relatively low residual stress on the substrate 1 side of the coating 2, which can improve chipping resistance. Also, since the residual stress on the surface side of the coating 2 is relatively high, film destruction due to stress introduction is reduced, which makes it easier to prevent the film structure from falling off, which can improve wear resistance.
  • cutting tool 1 can combine excellent "wear resistance” and excellent “fracture resistance,” making it possible to provide a cutting tool with a long tool life, especially in lightly interrupted turning of black alloy steel.
  • a cutting tool 10 includes a substrate 1 and a coating 2 disposed on the substrate 1.
  • the coating 2 preferably covers the entire surface of the substrate 1, but even if a part of the substrate 1 is not covered with the coating 2 or the configuration of the coating 2 is partially different, this does not deviate from the scope of this embodiment.
  • the coating 2 is preferably disposed so as to cover at least the surface of the part of the substrate 1 involved in cutting.
  • the part of the substrate 1 involved in cutting means, depending on the size and shape of the substrate 1, a region of the substrate 1 surrounded by the cutting edge ridge and a virtual surface whose distance from the cutting edge ridge to the substrate 1 side along the perpendicular to the tangent to the cutting edge ridge is, for example, 5 mm, 3 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm, or 0.5 mm.
  • the cutting tool 10 of this embodiment can be suitably used as a cutting tool 10 such as a drill, an end mill, an indexable cutting tip for a drill, an indexable cutting tip for an end mill, an indexable cutting tip for milling, an indexable cutting tip for turning, a metal saw, a gear cutting tool, a reamer, and a tap.
  • a cutting tool 10 such as a drill, an end mill, an indexable cutting tip for a drill, an indexable cutting tip for an end mill, an indexable cutting tip for milling, an indexable cutting tip for turning, a metal saw, a gear cutting tool, a reamer, and a tap.
  • the substrate 1 is preferably any of the following: cemented carbide (WC-based cemented carbide, cemented carbide containing WC and Co, cemented carbide containing carbonitrides of Ti, Ta, Nb, etc.), cermet (mainly composed of TiC, TiN, TiCN, etc.), high-speed steel, ceramics (titanium carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, etc.), cubic boron nitride sintered body, and diamond sintered body.
  • cemented carbide WC-based cemented carbide, cemented carbide containing WC and Co, cemented carbide containing carbonitrides of Ti, Ta, Nb, etc.
  • cermet mainly composed of TiC, TiN, TiCN, etc.
  • high-speed steel ceramics (titanium carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, etc.), cubic boron nitride sintered body, and diamond
  • WC-based cemented carbide and cermets especially TiCN-based cermets.
  • These substrates 1 have an excellent balance of hardness and strength, especially at high temperatures, and when used as the substrate 1 of a cutting tool 10, they can contribute to extending the life of the cutting tool 10.
  • the coating 2 includes a first layer 3 located on the substrate 1, a second layer 4 located on the first layer 3, and a third layer 5 located on the second layer 4.
  • the coating 2 has the effect of improving various properties of the cutting tool 10, such as wear resistance and chipping resistance, and thereby extending the life of the cutting tool 10.
  • the coating 2 may include "other layers" (described later) in addition to the first layer 3, second layer 4, and third layer 5, as long as the effects of the present disclosure are not impaired.
  • the thickness of the coating 2 is preferably 6 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the coating 2 is less than 6 ⁇ m, the life of the cutting tool 10 tends to be shortened due to the coating 2 being too thin. On the other hand, if the thickness of the coating 2 exceeds 30 ⁇ m, chipping of the coating 2 tends to occur in the early stage of cutting, and the life of the cutting tool 10 tends to be shortened.
  • the thickness of the coating 3 can be measured by observing the cross section of the coating 2 using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  • the observation magnification of the cross section sample is set to 5,000 to 10,000 times, the observation area is set to 100 to 500 ⁇ m2 , the thickness width is measured at three points in one field of view, and the average value is taken as the "thickness". The same applies to the thickness of each layer described below unless otherwise specified.
  • the first layer 3 is made of titanium carbonitride.
  • "made of titanium carbonitride” means that in addition to titanium carbonitride, inevitable impurities can be contained, as long as the effects of the present disclosure are exhibited.
  • the inevitable impurities include chlorine atoms (Cl).
  • the total content of inevitable impurities in the first layer 3 is preferably greater than 0 mass% and less than 3 mass%.
  • the first layer 3 is made of titanium carbonitride is measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).
  • XRD X-ray diffraction
  • EDX energy dispersive X-ray analysis
  • SIMS secondary ion mass spectrometry
  • the thickness of the first layer 3 is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less. This allows both superior wear resistance and superior chipping resistance to be achieved, and therefore a cutting tool having a longer tool life can be provided, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the lower limit of the thickness of the first layer 3 is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 7 ⁇ m or more.
  • the upper limit of the thickness of the first layer 3 is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 13 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 11 ⁇ m or less.
  • the thickness of the first layer 3 is more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 13 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 7 ⁇ m or more and 11 ⁇ m or less.
  • the residual stress X of the first layer 3 is preferably -1.0 GPa or more and -0.3 GPa or less. This makes it easier to suppress the spread of damage when a minute chip occurs, and therefore a cutting tool having a longer tool life can be provided, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the lower limit of the residual stress X of the first layer 3 is preferably -1.0 GPa or more, more preferably -0.9 GPa or more, and even more preferably -0.8 GPa or more.
  • the upper limit of the residual stress X of the first layer 3 is preferably -0.3 GPa or less, more preferably -0.4 GPa or less, and even more preferably -0.5 GPa or less.
  • the residual stress X of the first layer 3 is more preferably -0.9 GPa or more and -0.4 GPa or less, and even more preferably -0.8 GPa or more and -0.5 GPa or less.
  • the residual stress X of the first layer 3 can be determined by measuring the first layer 3 using an X-ray residual stress device with the sin2 ⁇ method (see pages 54-66 of "X-Ray Stress Measurement Method" (Japan Society for Materials Science, published by Yokendo Co., Ltd. in 1981). The temperature during the measurement is room temperature (20°C). It has also been confirmed that there is no variation in the measurement results, even if the measurement location is arbitrarily selected, as long as the measurement is performed using the same cutting tool 10.
  • the second layer 4 is made of aluminum oxide.
  • "made of aluminum oxide” means that in addition to aluminum oxide, inevitable impurities can be contained, as long as the effect of the present disclosure is exhibited.
  • the inevitable impurities include chlorine atoms (Cl).
  • the total content of inevitable impurities in the second layer 4 is preferably greater than 0 mass% and less than 3 mass%.
  • the second layer 4 is made of aluminum oxide is measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).
  • XRD X-ray diffraction
  • EDX energy dispersive X-ray analysis
  • SIMS secondary ion mass spectrometry
  • the thickness of the second layer 4 is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less. This makes it possible to achieve both better wear resistance and better chipping resistance, and therefore it is possible to provide a cutting tool with a longer tool life, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the lower limit of the thickness of the second layer 4 is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 7 ⁇ m or more.
  • the upper limit of the thickness of the second layer 4 is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 13 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 11 ⁇ m or less.
  • the thickness of the second layer 4 is more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 13 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 7 ⁇ m or more and 11 ⁇ m or less.
  • the residual stress Y of the second layer 4 is preferably -0.5 GPa or more and 0.1 GPa or less. As a result, the alumina structure is less likely to be destroyed by the introduction of a moderate residual stress, and thus the chipping resistance can be improved, so that a cutting tool having a longer tool life can be provided, especially in light intermittent turning of alloy steel with a black surface.
  • the lower limit of the residual stress Y of the second layer 4 is preferably -0.5 GPa or more, more preferably -0.4 GPa or more, and even more preferably -0.3 GPa or more.
  • the upper limit of the residual stress Y of the second layer 4 is preferably 0.1 GPa or less, more preferably 0 GPa or less, and even more preferably -0.1 GPa or less.
  • the residual stress Y of the second layer 4 is more preferably -0.4 GPa or more and 0 GPa or less, and even more preferably -0.3 GPa or more and -0.1 GPa or less.
  • the residual stress Y in the second layer 4 can be determined by a method similar to the method for measuring the residual stress X in the first layer 3, except that the measurement is performed on the second layer 4. It has been confirmed that, as long as the measurement is performed using the same cutting tool 10, there is no variation in the measurement results even if the measurement location is selected arbitrarily.
  • the third layer 5 is made of titanium carbonitride.
  • "made of titanium carbonitride” means that in addition to titanium carbonitride, inevitable impurities can be contained as long as the effect of the present disclosure is exhibited.
  • the inevitable impurities include chlorine atoms (Cl).
  • the total content of inevitable impurities in the third layer 5 is preferably greater than 0 mass% and less than 3 mass%.
  • the third layer 5 is made of titanium carbonitride is measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).
  • XRD X-ray diffraction
  • EDX energy dispersive X-ray analysis
  • SIMS secondary ion mass spectrometry
  • the thickness of the third layer 5 is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less. This allows both superior chipping resistance and superior wear resistance to be achieved, and therefore a cutting tool having a longer tool life can be provided, particularly in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the lower limit of the thickness of the third layer 5 is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 2.5 ⁇ m or more.
  • the upper limit of the thickness of the third layer 5 is preferably 4 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 3.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the thickness of the third layer 5 is more preferably 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 3.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the residual stress Z of the third layer 5 is preferably -0.3 GPa or more and 0.4 GPa or less. This makes it easier to suppress flank wear in the early stage of processing, and therefore a cutting tool having a longer tool life can be provided, especially in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel.
  • the lower limit of the residual stress Z of the third layer 5 is preferably -0.3 GPa or more, more preferably -0.2 GPa or more, and even more preferably -0.1 GPa or more.
  • the upper limit of the residual stress Z of the third layer 5 is preferably 0.4 GPa or less, more preferably 0.3 GPa or less, and even more preferably 0.2 GPa or less.
  • the residual stress Z of the third layer 5 is more preferably -0.2 GPa or more and 0.3 GPa or less, and even more preferably -0.1 GPa or more and 0.2 GPa or less.
  • the residual stress Z in the third layer 5 can be determined by a method similar to the method for measuring the residual stress X in the first layer 3, except that the measurement is performed on the third layer 5. It has been confirmed that, as long as the measurement is performed using the same cutting tool 10, there is no variation in the measurement results even if the measurement location is selected arbitrarily.
  • Y-X is preferably 0.1 or more and 0.6 or less. This makes it more difficult for chipping to occur from the first layer 3 to the second layer 4, and the cutting tool can have better chipping resistance.
  • Y-X is more preferably 0.15 or more and 0.55 or less, and even more preferably 0.2 or more and 0.5 or less.
  • Y-Z is preferably -0.6 or more and -0.1 or less. This makes it more difficult for chipping to occur from the second layer 4 to the third layer 5, and the cutting tool 10 can have better chipping resistance.
  • Y-Z is more preferably -0.55 or more and -0.15 or less, and even more preferably -0.50 or more and -0.20 or less.
  • Examples of the other layers include an underlayer (not shown), an intermediate layer (not shown), and a surface layer (not shown).
  • the underlayer is a layer disposed between the substrate 1 and the first layer 3.
  • the surface layer is a layer located on the surface of the coating 2.
  • the intermediate layer is a layer disposed between the first layer 3 and the second layer 4, between the second layer 4 and the third layer 5, or both.
  • the intermediate layer is a thin adhesive layer such as TiCNO. Therefore, the intermediate layer does not affect the stress distribution.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a CVD apparatus used in the manufacture of the cutting tool of this embodiment.
  • a method for manufacturing a cutting tool according to the present embodiment is the method for manufacturing the cutting tool according to the first embodiment, A first step of preparing a substrate; A second step of forming a coating on the substrate; and a third step of subjecting the coating to a blast treatment to obtain a cutting tool.
  • the second step includes, in this order, a second step A of forming a first layer by a CVD method, a second step B of forming a second layer by a CVD method, and a third step C of forming a third layer by a CVD method.
  • a substrate is prepared.
  • the substrate may be the substrate described in the first embodiment.
  • a commercially available substrate may be used, or it may be manufactured by a general powder metallurgy method.
  • a general powder metallurgy method for example, WC powder and Co powder are mixed in a ball mill or the like to obtain a mixed powder.
  • the mixed powder is dried and then molded into a predetermined shape to obtain a green body.
  • the green body is then sintered to obtain a WC-Co-based cemented carbide (sintered body).
  • the sintered body is subjected to a predetermined cutting edge processing such as honing to manufacture a substrate made of a WC-Co-based cemented carbide.
  • Substrates other than those mentioned above can also be prepared as long as they are conventionally known as substrates of this type.
  • a coating is formed on the substrate to obtain a cutting tool.
  • the coating is formed, for example, by using a CVD apparatus shown in FIG. 2.
  • the CVD apparatus 30 includes a plurality of substrate setting jigs 31 for holding the substrate 1, and a heat-resistant alloy steel reaction vessel 32 that covers the substrate setting jigs 31.
  • a temperature control device 33 for controlling the temperature inside the reaction vessel 32 is provided around the reaction vessel 32.
  • the reaction vessel 32 is provided with a gas introduction pipe 35 having a gas introduction port 34.
  • the gas introduction pipe 35 is arranged to extend vertically in the internal space of the reaction vessel 32 in which the substrate setting jigs 31 are arranged, and is arranged to be rotatable about the vertical axis, and is provided with a plurality of ejection holes (through holes 36) for ejecting gas into the reaction vessel 32.
  • the first layer, second layer, and third layer that constitute the coating can be formed as follows.
  • the second step includes, in this order, a second step A in which a first layer is formed by a CVD method, a second step B in which a second layer is formed by a CVD method, and a third step C in which a third layer is formed by a CVD method.
  • the coating includes the "other layer” described in embodiment 1, the "other layer” can be formed by a conventionally known method.
  • Step 2A Step of forming first layer by CVD method>
  • the first layer is formed by a CVD method. More specifically, the substrate 1 is first placed in a substrate setting jig 31, and a source gas for the first layer is introduced into the reaction vessel 32 from a gas introduction pipe 35 while controlling the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel 32 within a predetermined range. As a result, the first layer is formed on the substrate 1.
  • a mixed gas of TiCl4 , CH3CN , CO, N2 , HCl, and H2 is used as a source gas for the first layer.
  • the TiCl4 content in the mixed gas is preferably 8.0% by volume or more and 9.0% by volume or less.
  • the CH3CN content in the mixed gas is preferably 0.2% by volume or more and 1.0% by volume or less.
  • the CO content in the mixed gas is preferably 1.3% by volume or more and 2.0% by volume or less.
  • the N2 content in the mixed gas is preferably 8.0% by volume or more and 12.0% by volume or less.
  • the HCl content in the mixed gas is preferably 1.0% by volume or more and 3.0% by volume or less.
  • the temperature inside the reaction vessel 32 is preferably controlled to be between 800°C and 850°C, and the pressure inside the reaction vessel 32 is preferably controlled to be between 100 hPa and 120 hPa. It is preferable to rotate the gas introduction pipe 35 when introducing gas.
  • the state of the first layer can be changed by controlling each condition of the CVD method.
  • the thickness of the first layer can be controlled by adjusting the deposition time.
  • Step 2B Step of forming second layer by CVD method>
  • the second layer is formed by a CVD method. More specifically, the first cutting tool precursor having the first layer formed on the substrate is placed in a substrate setting jig 31, and a source gas for the second layer is introduced into the reaction vessel 32 from a gas introduction pipe 35 while controlling the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel 32 within a predetermined range. This forms the second layer on the first layer.
  • a mixed gas of AlCl 3 , CO 2 , H 2 S, and H 2 is used as the source gas for the second layer.
  • the content of AlCl3 in the mixed gas is preferably 2.0% by volume or more and 2.5% by volume or less.
  • the content of CO2 in the mixed gas is preferably 2.5% by volume or more and 3.5% by volume or less.
  • the content of H2S in the mixed gas is preferably 0.5% by volume or more and 1.0% by volume or less.
  • the temperature inside the reaction vessel 32 is preferably controlled to be between 980°C and 1015°C, and the pressure inside the reaction vessel 32 is preferably controlled to be between 60 hPa and 75 hPa. It is preferable to rotate the gas introduction pipe 35 when introducing gas.
  • the state of the second layer can be changed by controlling each condition of the CVD method.
  • the thickness of the second layer can be controlled by adjusting the deposition time.
  • step 2C the third layer is formed by a CVD method. More specifically, first, a second cutting tool precursor having a first layer formed on a substrate and a second layer formed on the first layer is placed in a substrate setting jig 31, and a source gas for the third layer is introduced into the reaction vessel 32 from a gas introduction pipe 35 while controlling the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel 32 within a predetermined range. In this way, the third layer is formed on the second layer.
  • a mixed gas of TiCl4 , CH3CN , CO, N2 , HCl, and H2 is used as a source gas for the third layer.
  • the TiCl4 content in the mixed gas is preferably 8.0% by volume or more and 9.0% by volume or less.
  • the CH3CN content in the mixed gas is preferably 0.2% by volume or more and 0.8% by volume or less.
  • the CO content in the mixed gas is preferably 1.3% by volume or more and 2.0% by volume or less.
  • the N2 content in the mixed gas is preferably 8.0% by volume or more and 12.0% by volume or less.
  • the HCl content in the mixed gas is preferably 1.0% by volume or more and 3.0% by volume or less.
  • the temperature inside the reaction vessel 32 is preferably controlled to be between 950°C and 1000°C, and the pressure inside the reaction vessel 32 is preferably controlled to be between 80 hPa and 100 hPa. It is preferable to rotate the gas introduction pipe 35 when introducing gas.
  • the state of the third layer can be changed by controlling each condition of the CVD method.
  • the thickness of the third layer can be controlled by adjusting the deposition time.
  • ⁇ Third step A step of obtaining a cutting tool by subjecting the coating to a blast treatment>
  • the coating is subjected to a blasting treatment to obtain a cutting tool.
  • blasting refers to a treatment in which a large number of small spheres (media) of steel or non-ferrous metal (e.g., ceramics) are collided (projected) at high speed against the surface of the coating, such as the rake face, to change various properties of the surface, such as residual stress.
  • Types of media include, for example, ceramics, zirconia, alumina, etc.
  • the average particle size of the media is between 100 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m.
  • the density of the projected media is between 100 g/min and 350 g/min. It is preferable that the density of the projected media is between 150 g/min and 250 g/min.
  • the distance between the projection unit that projects the media and the surface of the coating (hereinafter referred to as the "projection distance") is 35 mm or more and 60 mm or less. It is preferable that the projection distance is 35 mm or more and 50 mm or less.
  • the projection angle of the media is 75° relative to the coating surface.
  • the pressure applied to the media when projecting (hereinafter also referred to as "projection pressure") is preferably 0.10 MPa or more and 0.50 MPa or less, and more preferably 0.15 MPa or more and 0.45 MPa or less.
  • the blast processing time is preferably between 20 and 30 seconds.
  • the above-mentioned blasting conditions can be adjusted appropriately to suit the composition of the coating.
  • the cutting tool obtained by the above manufacturing method is a cutting tool comprising a substrate and a coating disposed on the substrate, the coating including a first layer located on the substrate, a second layer located on the first layer, and a third layer located on the second layer, the first layer made of titanium carbonitride, the second layer made of aluminum oxide, and the third layer made of titanium carbonitride, wherein the residual stress X of the first layer, the residual stress Y of the second layer, and the residual stress Z of the third layer satisfy the relationship of Equation 1.
  • Equation 1 X ⁇ Y ⁇ Z Equation 1
  • the cutting tool manufacturing method of this embodiment is characterized in that, in the second step, a third layer is formed on the second layer, and then, in the third step, coarse media having an average particle size of 100 to 200 ⁇ m is used, the media concentration is 100 g/min to 350 g/min, the projection angle of the media is 75° with respect to the surface of the coating, and the projection distance is 35 mm to 60 mm.
  • the coarse media By projecting the coarse media at a projection angle of 75°, stress is easily introduced to the substrate side of the coating.
  • the concentration of the media is low, it is easy to increase the projection speed of the media, which further makes it easier to introduce stress to the substrate side of the coating.
  • the projection distance is long, it is possible to differentiate the stress of the third layer from the stress of the second layer.
  • the residual stress X of the first layer, the residual stress Y of the second layer, and the residual stress Z of the third layer can satisfy the relationship of the above formula 1. This was newly discovered by the present inventors as a result of extensive research.
  • a cemented carbide replaceable cutting tip tip (shape: SEET13T3AGSN-G, manufactured by Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp.) having a composition consisting of TaC (2.0 mass%), Co (11.0 mass%) and WC (balance) (but containing unavoidable impurities) was prepared.
  • ⁇ Second step> A first layer was formed on the substrate by CVD under the following conditions so that the composition of the first layer was as shown in Tables 3 and 4 (step 2A). The deposition time was appropriately adjusted so that the first layer had a thickness as shown in Tables 3 and 4. (Conditions of Step 2A) TiCl4 content in mixed gas: 8.0 to 9.0% by volume Content of CH 3 CN in mixed gas: 0.2 to 1.0% by volume CO content in mixed gas: 1.3 to 2.0% by volume N2 content in mixed gas: 8.0 to 12.0% by volume ⁇ HCl content in mixed gas: 1.0 to 3.0% by volume H2 content in mixed gas: balance Temperature: 800-850°C ⁇ Pressure: 100-120hPa
  • a second layer was formed on the first layer by CVD under the following conditions so that the composition of the second layer was as shown in Tables 3 and 4 (step 2B).
  • the deposition time was appropriately adjusted so that the second layer had a thickness as shown in Tables 3 and 4.
  • AlCl3 content in mixed gas 2.0-2.5% by volume ⁇ CO2 content in mixed gas: 2.5-3.5% by volume
  • H 2 S content in mixed gas 0.5 to 1.0% by volume H2 content in mixed gas: balance Temperature: 980-1015°C Pressure: 60-75hPa
  • a third layer was formed on the second layer by a CVD method under the following conditions so that the composition of the third layer was as shown in Tables 3 and 4 (step 2C).
  • the deposition time was appropriately adjusted so that the third layer had a thickness as shown in Tables 3 and 4.
  • TiCl4 content in mixed gas 8.0 to 9.0% by volume Content of CH 3 CN in mixed gas: 0.2 to 0.8% by volume CO content in mixed gas: 1.3 to 2.0% by volume N2 content in mixed gas: 8.0 to 12.0% by volume ⁇ HCl content in mixed gas: 1.0 to 3.0% by volume H2 content in mixed gas: balance Temperature: 950-1000°C ⁇ Pressure: 80-100hPa
  • ⁇ Third step> A blasting treatment was performed on the surface of the cutting tool on which the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer were formed (in other words, the cutting tool on which the coating was formed) under the conditions shown in Tables 1 and 2.
  • composition of the first layer of each sample cutting tool was determined by the method described in embodiment 1. The results obtained are shown in the "Composition” column of the “First Layer” column in Tables 3 and 4. When “TiCN” is written in the “Composition” column of the “First Layer” column in Tables 3 and 4, it means that the first layer is made of titanium carbonitride.
  • composition of the second layer was determined by the method described in embodiment 1. The results obtained are shown in the "Composition” column of the “Second Layer” column in Tables 3 and 4. When “Al 2 O 3 " is written in the "Composition” column of the “Second Layer” column in Tables 3 and 4, it means that the second layer is made of aluminum oxide.
  • composition of the third layer was determined by the method described in embodiment 1. The results obtained are shown in the "Composition” column of the “Third Layer” column in Tables 3 and 4. When “TiCN” is written in the “Composition” column of the “Third Layer” column in Tables 3 and 4, it means that the third layer is made of titanium carbonitride.
  • Cutting tools according to samples 1 to 31 correspond to examples.
  • Cutting tools according to samples 101 to 104 correspond to comparative examples. From the results in Tables 3 and 4, it was found that cutting tools according to samples 1 to 31 have a longer tool life, even in light intermittent turning of black alloy steel, compared to cutting tools according to samples 101 to 104.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
PCT/JP2023/023096 2023-06-22 2023-06-22 切削工具 Ceased WO2024261951A1 (ja)

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CN202380072949.XA CN120051344A (zh) 2023-06-22 2023-06-22 切削工具
US18/571,264 US12226836B2 (en) 2023-06-22 2023-06-22 Cutting tool
EP23942384.1A EP4582201A4 (en) 2023-06-22 2023-06-22 CUTTING TOOL
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WO2019181786A1 (ja) * 2018-03-20 2019-09-26 京セラ株式会社 被覆工具及びこれを備えた切削工具
JP2020037150A (ja) 2018-09-04 2020-03-12 株式会社タンガロイ 被覆切削工具
JP2020116645A (ja) 2019-01-18 2020-08-06 株式会社タンガロイ 被覆切削工具

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KR101168464B1 (ko) * 2004-12-14 2012-07-26 스미또모 덴꼬오 하드메탈 가부시끼가이샤 표면 피복 절삭 공구
WO2009048021A1 (ja) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. 刃先交換型切削チップ
DE102008009487B4 (de) * 2008-02-15 2022-09-22 Walter Ag Strahlbehandelter Schneideinsatz und Verfahren
DE102008013966A1 (de) 2008-03-12 2009-09-17 Kennametal Inc. Hartstoffbeschichteter Körper
WO2021245879A1 (ja) * 2020-06-04 2021-12-09 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 切削工具
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WO2022244241A1 (ja) 2021-05-21 2022-11-24 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 切削工具
EP4144466B1 (en) 2021-05-21 2024-06-26 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. Cutting tool
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See also references of EP4582201A4

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