WO2024252047A1 - Pieza de madera impregnadas, procedimiento de impregnación de las piezas de madera y uso de las mismas - Google Patents
Pieza de madera impregnadas, procedimiento de impregnación de las piezas de madera y uso de las mismas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024252047A1 WO2024252047A1 PCT/ES2024/070349 ES2024070349W WO2024252047A1 WO 2024252047 A1 WO2024252047 A1 WO 2024252047A1 ES 2024070349 W ES2024070349 W ES 2024070349W WO 2024252047 A1 WO2024252047 A1 WO 2024252047A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- piece
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- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
- C12H1/02—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/06—Precipitation by physical means, e.g. by irradiation, vibrations
- C12H1/063—Separation by filtration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new process for impregnating wood, and to the piece of wood that will be subsequently used in the maceration of food liquids.
- the oak barrel is designed to contain the wine or the distillate, avoiding the loss of the liquid, with wooden staves cut to the grain (with the vessels parallel to the cut of the wood). Even so, it is not possible to avoid a certain evaporation, due to its porosity.
- the thickness impregnated in a barrel, after 6 months of wine-infused liquor, does not usually exceed 1 to 2 millimetres in depth, of the 25 to 30 millimetres of the stave thickness.
- the liquor aged in these barrels gains in complexity by being enriched with numerous compounds, most of them of a phenolic nature.
- the volatility of a part of the distillate by capillarity also has an effect on the distillate, which makes it become more refined and loses the aggressive character of the initial distillate.
- Accelerated aging is any technique where an alcohol is aged using physical and chemical procedures that lead to a significant reduction in the time it takes to produce the product.
- the main advantage of accelerated aging is the reduction in costs associated with this stage.
- the limiting step is the step where the wood is soaked in a certain liquid, impregnated wood that will later be used to age liquors.
- Techniques that have been used to accelerate impregnation are: microwaves or ultrasound.
- Patent application number US2021/0017479 describes a method for producing an aged liquor which comprises placing a piece of wood inside the liquor bottle.
- the problem that the present invention solves is, on the one hand, to accelerate the processes of impregnation of wood and also to obtain wood where the liquid has impregnated a large percentage of the volume of said wood, since as has been seen in the state of the art, in current wood the liquid does not penetrate beyond a few millimeters into it.
- the impregnability of wood is improved and this translates into the capacity of penetration and circulation of liquids in the wood.
- the densities of these woods are from 0.55 g/cm 3 to 0.75 g/cm 3 .
- the densities are the original densities of the woods before subjecting them to the procedure defined in this description.
- the wooden piece of the invention has a liquid impregnation in a range of 10% to 50% by volume with respect to the total volume of the wooden piece or the dry residue is impregnated in a range of 10% to 50% by weight with respect to the total weight of the wooden piece.
- impregnability when referring to impregnability, it refers to lateral and axial impregnability, lateral impregnation, perpendicular to the wood grain and axial or longitudinal impregnation, in the direction of the wood grain.
- the impregnated wooden pieces have a thickness of at least 5mm in one of their dimensions.
- Liquids or dry residues that impregnate the wood are either a food liquid or a dry residue of the food liquid.
- a piece of wood with a thickness of at least 5 mm in one of its dimensions impregnated with a food liquid or with the dry residue of the food liquid, where the wood is selected from wood with a density comprised in a range of 0.55 g/cm 3 to 0.75 g/cm 3 and the liquid is impregnated in the piece of wood in a range comprised of 10% to 50% by volume with respect to the total volume of the piece of wood or the dry residue is impregnated in a range of 10% to 50% by weight with respect to the total weight of the piece of wood.
- the main advance is the ability to impregnate pieces of wood with liquids or dry residues of these, which can later be used in the maceration of food liquids.
- Maceration is the process of putting liquors in contact with wood for a specific period of time.
- the objective of maceration is to eliminate the aggressive flavours of the raw alcohol, while adding distinctive flavour characteristics found in the wood.
- Maceration in wood produces important changes in food liquids and specifically in liquors: the alcoholic perception decreases, the dry extract increases, their appearance changes from being colourless to presenting straw-yellow tones and they gain in aromatic and taste complexity.
- the wooden piece of the invention has a suitable size for a container that contains the food liquid that is to be macerated with the wood, for example, a bottle.
- the final consumer can finish the maceration of the food liquid.
- Different wooden pieces of the invention can be combined over time or at the same time until obtaining the maceration desired by the final consumer or manufacturer. Therefore, another aspect of the invention is a bottle of a food liquid that comprises the wooden piece of the invention.
- Another aspect of the invention is a barrel comprising inserted pieces of wood of the invention in the area in contact with the liquid.
- the fact of inserting the wood of the invention into the barrels adds value and nuances to the liquid with which the barrel is filled.
- an aspect of the invention is a barrel comprising the woods of the invention.
- the process of the invention consists of forcing the impregnation of pieces of wood, thanks to a sequential system varying the pressure in the different stages, shortening the time required for the desired liquid to impregnate and remain in the wood.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a process for impregnating a piece of wood with a food liquid characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
- stage b) stage of removing excess liquid where after stage b), the excess food liquid is extracted from the piece of wood at a pressure in a range of 0.05 atm to 0.1 atm in the sealed chamber.
- the first aspect of the invention relates to a piece of wood with a thickness of at least 5 mm in one of its dimensions, impregnated with a food liquid or with the dry residue of the food liquid, where the wood is selected from wood with a density comprised in a range of 0.55 g/cm 3 to 0.75 g/cm 3 and the liquid is impregnated in the piece of wood in a range comprised of 10% to 50% by volume with respect to the total volume of the piece of wood or the dry residue is impregnated in a range of 10% to 50% by weight with respect to the total weight of the piece of wood.
- the liquid or dry residue of the liquid is impregnated in the piece of wood in a range between 20% and 40% by volume with respect to the total volume of the piece of wood. More preferably in a range between 25% and 35%.
- the wood is selected from: American cherry, European cherry, acacia, American maple, European maple, chestnut and American oak, European oak.
- the piece of wood is selected from: barrel top, a barrel, a stave, a mixed stave, that is, staves with a combination of woods, staves cut along the grain of the wood, staves with cuts transversal to the wood, staves cut at angles between 90o and 100o. 0 o to the wooden vessel, toasted staves, cut and toasted staves, or wood impregnated within the barrel container.
- the liquid food is selected from: wines; liqueurs; infusions of: spices, herbs, fruits, flowers and roots; fruit juices; coffee; cocoa; liquid smoke.
- the liquid smoke is obtained by burning peat or wood and condensing the smoke obtained.
- liquors or wines are macerated.
- the liquors or wines are selected from: whiskeys, vodka, gins, armagnacs, cognacs, coffee liqueurs, cassis liqueurs, vermouth.
- the food liquid bottle comprising the wooden part of the invention and the food liquid.
- the wooden part is in contact with the food liquid partially. If the wood is only partially submerged in the food liquid, leaving a part outside the food liquid, the capillary effect is improved, the wood is in contact with the food liquid on one part and with the air that fills the bottle on the other.
- the food liquid is a liquor or wine.
- the last aspect of the invention relates to a process for impregnating a piece of wood with a food liquid, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
- stage b) stage of removing excess liquid where after stage b), the excess food liquid is extracted from the piece of wood at a pressure in a range of 0.05 atm to 0.1 atm in the sealed chamber
- this cycle of steps a) to c) is repeated to achieve a higher concentration of the food liquid in the piece of wood and therefore adapt the characteristics of the piece of wood according to the organoleptic characteristics that are intended to be had in it.
- the process comprises a drying step outside the sealed chamber. More preferably it is dried until the relative humidity is less than 10%.
- step a) is carried out for a time ranging from 2 minutes to 300 minutes.
- step b) is carried out for a time ranging from 2 minutes to 420 minutes.
- step c) is carried out for a time ranging from 2 minutes to 60 minutes.
- step a) is carried out in a pressure range between 0.01 atm and 0.05 atm for a time of 2 minutes to 180 minutes in a sealed chamber;
- step b) is carried out at a pressure in a range of 2 atm to 15 atm in the sealed chamber for a time of 3 minutes to 360 minutes and
- step c) is carried out at a pressure in a range of 0.05 atm to 0.4 atm for a time of 10 minutes to 30 minutes.
- step b) is carried out at a pressure of between 1 atm and 3 atm.
- the piece of wood is both a sealed chamber and said piece of wood is materialized in a barrel.
- a barrel is understood to be the wooden barrel used to produce and store wines or liquors. Therefore, in a particular embodiment, the impregnation process refers to the process of impregnating a barrel with a food liquid, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
- stage b) stage of removing excess liquid where after stage b), the excess food liquid is extracted from the barrel at a pressure in a range of 0.05 atm to 0.1 atm.
- the process also includes, before step a), a step for toasting the wood. More specifically, toasting and/or burning. This step develops the aromas that complement those of the wood and the carbonized wood acts as an activated carbon on the wine or distillate.
- the subsequent toasting modifies the structure and chemical composition of the wood and allows for an increase in the quantity and complexity of volatile compounds absent in dry wood. It preferably consists of applying a heat source to the wood, at a temperature that can vary from 130-230 oC for periods of 30-45 minutes depending on the desired degree of toasting.
- toasting can be classified into three categories, depending on the time and temperature at the surface of the wood.
- An example of light toasting would be a 30-minute toast at a temperature of 120oC to 130oC
- a medium toast would be a 30-40 minute toast at a temperature of 160oC to 190oC
- an example of heavy toasting would be a 45-minute toast at a temperature of 200oC to 210oC.
- Toasting is applied to unimpregnated wood as it is a prior process to impregnation.
- the method comprises a step prior to step a) of making at least one cut in the wood at an angle relative to the vessels of the wood ranging from 90o to 0o, in particular 45o.
- Table 1 specifies the examples of the invention with pieces of American oak that are subjected to the process of the invention.
- the first stage was carried out at 0.02 atm for 180 minutes, a second stage at 12 atm for 360 minutes and a third stage at a pressure of 0.1 atmospheres and 30 minutes.
- the food liquid used is wine.
- the table indicates the previous stages and the drying stages.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
| Etapa previas | Corte paralelo al vaso de madera | Corte a un ángulo 45º respecto al vaso de madera | Corte transversal y tostado suave | Corte a un ángulo 90º respecto al vaso de madera |
| Número de piezas de madera | 20 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Medidas de cada pieza (mm) | 4,9x4,9x122 | 11,2 x 5,3 x 114 | 12 x 5,8 x 111 | 11,5 x 5,7 x 108 |
| Volumen inicial de líquido a impregnar (ml) | 58,58 | 67,7 | 77,26 | 70,8 |
| Peso inicial de la pieza de madera (g) | 33,6 | 39,3 | 49,5 | 41 |
| Densidad inicial de la pieza de madera (g/ml) | 0,57 | 0,58 | 0,64 | 0,58 |
| Peso tras primera impregnación de la pieza de madera (g) | 45,8 | 63,7 | 71,1 | 64 |
| Peso líquido impregnado (g) | 12,2 | 24,4 | 21,6 | 23 |
| Peso de la pieza tras el primer secado a 55º, 5h (g) | 39,4 | 50,1 | 59,3 | 51,7 |
| Peso de la pieza tras el segundo secado a 80º 5 horas (g) | 37,2 | 46 | 54,8 | 47,9 |
| Diferencia tras segundo secado (g) | 3,6 | 6,7 | 5,3 | 6,9 |
| Volumen impregnado (ml) en la pieza de madera | 10,4 | 20,9 | 18,5 | 19,7 |
| Volumen % que absorbe pieza | 18 | 31 | 24 | 28 |
| Peso tras segunda impregnación (g) | 46,3 | 64,4 | 72,3 | 63,3 |
| Secado 60º 5h (g) | 39 | 49,4 | 57,6 | 49,8 |
| Diferencia de peso | 5,4 | 10,1 | 8,1 | 8,8 |
Claims (15)
- Pieza de madera con un espesor de al menos 5mm en una de sus dimensiones impregnada con un líquido alimentario o con el residuo seco del líquido alimentario, caracterizado porque la madera se selecciona entre madera con una densidad comprendida en un rango de 0,55 g/cm3 hasta 0,75 g/cm3 y el líquido está impregnado en la pieza de madera en un rango comprendido del 10% al 50% en volumen respecto al volumen total de la pieza de madera o el residuo seco está impregnado en un rango del 10% al 50% en peso respecto al peso total de la pieza de madera.
- Pieza de madera según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el líquido está impregnado en la pieza de madera en un rango comprendido del 25% al 40% en volumen respecto al volumen total de la pieza de madera o el residuo seco del líquido está impregnado en un rango del 25% al 40% en peso respecto al peso total de la pieza de madera.
- Pieza de madera según alguna de las reivindicaciones 1 a 2 caracterizado porque la madera se selecciona entre: cerezo americano, cerezo europeo, acacia, arce americano, arce europeo, castaño y roble americano, roble europeo.
- Pieza de madera según alguna de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3 caracterizado porque la pieza de madera se selecciona entre: tapa de barricas, una barrica, una duela, una duela mixta, duelas con corte al hilo del vaso de la madera, duelas con cortes transversales al vaso de la madera, duelas con corte en ángulos comprendidos entre los 90º y los 0º al vaso de la madera, duelas tostadas, duelas con cortes y tostadas, maderas impregnadas dentro del recipiente de la barrica.
- Pieza de madera según alguna de las reivindicaciones 1 a 4 caracterizado porque el líquido alimentario se selecciona entre: vinos; licores; infusiones de: especias, hierbas, frutas, flores y raíces; zumos de frutas; café; cacao, humo líquido.
- Uso de la pieza de madera definida en alguna de las reivindicaciones 1 a 5 para la maceración de líquidos alimentarios.
- Uso según la reivindicación 6 caracterizado porque los líquidos alimentarios se seleccionan entre licores o vinos.
- La botella de licor caracterizado porque comprende la pieza de madera según está definida en las reivindicaciones 1 a 5 y un líquido alimentario a macerar.
- Barrica caracterizada porque comprende la pieza de madera definida en las reivindicaciones 1 a 5.
- Procedimiento de impregnación de una pieza de madera según está definida en las reivindicaciones 1 a 5 con un líquido alimentario caracterizado porque comprende las etapas de:
a) etapa de vacío donde se trata la pieza de madera a una presión en un rango comprendido de 0,01 atm hasta 0,1 atm en una cámara estanca;
b) etapa de impregnación donde posteriormente a la etapa a) se inundar la cámara estanca de un líquido alimentario a una presión en un rango comprendido de 1 atm hasta 20 atm en la cámara estanca;
c) etapa de retirar el exceso de líquido donde tras la etapa b), se extrae el exceso de líquido alimentario de la pieza de madera a una presión en un rango comprendido de 0,05 atm hasta 0,1 atm en la cámara estanca y opcionalmente una etapa de secado fuera de la cámara estanca. - Procedimiento según la reivindicación 10 caracterizado porque la etapa a) se realiza en un rango de presiones comprendido de 0,01 atm hasta 0,05 atm durante un tiempo comprendido de 2 minutos hasta 180 minutos en una cámara estanca; la etapa b) se realiza a una presión en un rango comprendido de 2 atm hasta 15 atm en la cámara estanca durante un tiempo comprendido de 3 minutos hasta 360 minutos y la etapa c) se realiza a una presión en un rango comprendido de 0,05 atm hasta 0,4 atm durante un tiempo comprendido de 10 minutos hasta 30 minutos.
- Procedimiento según alguna de las reivindicaciones 10 a 11 caracterizado porque comprende antes de la etapa a) una etapa para tostar la madera.
- Procedimiento según alguna de las reivindicaciones 10 a 12 caracterizado porque comprende una etapa previa a la etapa a) de realizar al menos un corte en la madera en un ángulo respecto de los vasos de la madera.
- Procedimiento de impregnación según alguna de las reivindicaciones 10 a 13 caracterizado porque la presión en la etapa b) se encuentra en un rango de 1 hasta 3 atm.
- Procedimiento según la reivindicación 14 donde la pieza de madera es la cámara estanca y es una barrica.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202480036584.XA CN121335972A (zh) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-06-05 | 浸渍木片、木片浸渍方法及其用途 |
| EP24818850.0A EP4726023A1 (en) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-06-05 | Impregnated wood part, method for impregnating the wood parts and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES202330451A ES2992211B2 (es) | 2023-06-06 | 2023-06-06 | Piezas de madera impregnadas, procedimiento de impregnación de las piezas de madera y uso de las mismas |
| ESP202330451 | 2023-06-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024252047A1 true WO2024252047A1 (es) | 2024-12-12 |
Family
ID=93743715
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2024/070349 Ceased WO2024252047A1 (es) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-06-05 | Pieza de madera impregnadas, procedimiento de impregnación de las piezas de madera y uso de las mismas |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4726023A1 (es) |
| CN (1) | CN121335972A (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2992211B2 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2024252047A1 (es) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080199585A1 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2008-08-21 | Klaus C. Hartrampf | Process for Refining Aqueous Preparations |
| US20120164300A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-28 | Niazi Sarfaraz K | Accelerated Aging of Wines and Sprits |
| FR3026337A1 (fr) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-04-01 | Seguin Moreau & C | Procede de traitement de morceaux de bois et leur utilisation dans la fabrication de vins et de spiritueux, ou d'extraits de bois, ou de contenants en bois |
| WO2020047588A1 (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-03-12 | Qip International Pty Ltd | Method for conditioning wood barrels |
| US20200362287A1 (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | Revenge Rum LLC | Bottle for storing and aging beverages |
| US20210017479A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2021-01-21 | James Joseph Sanctified Spirits, LLC | Method of producing a finished,, aged distilled spirit |
-
2023
- 2023-06-06 ES ES202330451A patent/ES2992211B2/es active Active
-
2024
- 2024-06-05 EP EP24818850.0A patent/EP4726023A1/en active Pending
- 2024-06-05 CN CN202480036584.XA patent/CN121335972A/zh active Pending
- 2024-06-05 WO PCT/ES2024/070349 patent/WO2024252047A1/es not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080199585A1 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2008-08-21 | Klaus C. Hartrampf | Process for Refining Aqueous Preparations |
| US20120164300A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-28 | Niazi Sarfaraz K | Accelerated Aging of Wines and Sprits |
| FR3026337A1 (fr) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-04-01 | Seguin Moreau & C | Procede de traitement de morceaux de bois et leur utilisation dans la fabrication de vins et de spiritueux, ou d'extraits de bois, ou de contenants en bois |
| US20210017479A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2021-01-21 | James Joseph Sanctified Spirits, LLC | Method of producing a finished,, aged distilled spirit |
| WO2020047588A1 (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-03-12 | Qip International Pty Ltd | Method for conditioning wood barrels |
| US20200362287A1 (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | Revenge Rum LLC | Bottle for storing and aging beverages |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN121335972A (zh) | 2026-01-13 |
| EP4726023A1 (en) | 2026-04-15 |
| ES2992211B2 (es) | 2025-09-08 |
| ES2992211A1 (es) | 2024-12-10 |
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