WO2024251458A1 - System zur rückgewinnung von energie - Google Patents
System zur rückgewinnung von energie Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024251458A1 WO2024251458A1 PCT/EP2024/062766 EP2024062766W WO2024251458A1 WO 2024251458 A1 WO2024251458 A1 WO 2024251458A1 EP 2024062766 W EP2024062766 W EP 2024062766W WO 2024251458 A1 WO2024251458 A1 WO 2024251458A1
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- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- air
- nose
- compressors
- compressed air
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/183—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines in combination with metallurgical converter installations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
Definitions
- the present invention is based on a system for recovering energy
- the system comprises a main unit which produces hot exhaust gases during operation
- main system has a discharge device through which the exhaust gas flows and via which the exhaust gas is discharged from the main system.
- a system which is used to generate electrical energy.
- the system has a compressor arrangement which has a number of compressors.
- air is compressed to a final pressure.
- the final pressure can be at a higher value, for example 300 bar.
- the compressed air is expanded to a significantly lower intermediate pressure of typically 40 bar to 80 bar by means of a first reduction valve.
- the expanded air is heated to the ambient temperature by means of a heat exchanger 10 downstream of the first reduction valve 9 and fed to an intermediate storage tank.
- the air taken from the intermediate storage tank is expanded to a significantly lower pressure again by means of a second reduction valve. This pressure is the working pressure. It can be between 5 bar and 20 bar.
- the again expanded air is heated again to the ambient temperature by means of a heat exchanger downstream of the second reduction valve. Only then is the air heated in a heat exchanger to a higher temperature of around 300 °C.
- the thermal energy is supplied to the heat exchanger from a heat source, which can be a heat storage unit fed by a solar thermal system.
- the heated air is fed to a compressed air motor, which can operate a generator.
- the object of the present invention is to create possibilities by means of which the recovery of energy from the waste heat of the industrial technical process, i.e. from the heat of the hot exhaust gas of the main plant, can be improved.
- a system for recovering energy with the features of claim 1.
- Advantageous embodiments of the system are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 15.
- a system for recovering energy of the type mentioned at the outset is designed in that
- the system comprises a compressor arrangement having a number of compressors, by means of which air supplied to the compressor arrangement and having an initial temperature is compressed from an initial pressure to a final pressure and an intermediate temperature,
- the system has a heat exchanger arranged downstream of the compressor arrangement, through which the air compressed to the final pressure and the intermediate temperature flows and by means of which the heat of the exhaust gas flowing through the discharge device is supplied to the air flowing through the heat exchanger and the air is thus heated to a final temperature, and
- the system has a compressed air motor downstream of the heat exchanger, to which the air heated to the final temperature and at the final pressure is supplied, which is operated with this air and from which the air is discharged at a discharge temperature and a discharge pressure.
- the main plant can be designed as desired, as long as it generates the hot exhaust gas.
- the main plant is often a plant in the steel industry, in particular a slab furnace, a blast furnace, a converter or an electric steelworks.
- the present invention is not limited to such plants.
- the compressed air motor drives an electric generator, which generates electrical energy.
- the mechanical energy generated by the compressed air motor can also be used for other purposes.
- the number of compressors is greater than 1 and the compressors are arranged in series one behind the other, so that the air, starting from the initial pressure, is compressed in several stages to the final pressure.
- the system preferably has cooling devices arranged between two consecutive compressors, by means of which the air conveyed from the compressor upstream of the respective cooling device to the compressor downstream of the respective cooling device is cooled. This reduces the energy required to operate the compressors, at the same time maximises the amount of compressed air and also keeps the intermediate temperature relatively low. The heat of the hot exhaust gas can thus be used to a much greater extent to heat up the compressed air. At the same time, the exhaust gas can be cooled to a greater extent.
- the air in the cooling devices is generally cooled as far as possible, if possible down to the initial temperature. Behind the last compressor, from which the air is compressed to the final pressure and the intermediate temperature, However, no cooling device is provided. In the case of a single compressor, this applies to the single compressor.
- the system prefferably has a further heat exchanger which is arranged in the discharge device and by means of which the heat of the exhaust gas is transferred to an intermediate medium, and the intermediate medium acts directly or indirectly on the heat exchanger which heats the air.
- the intermediate medium can be a thermal oil, for example.
- the use of the further heat exchanger is particularly suitable when the exhaust gas has a temperature of 300 °C or less.
- an advantageous embodiment consists in that the system has a heat accumulator, that the heat exchanger is arranged at least in the upper region of the heat accumulator and preferably the air flowing through the heat exchanger flows through the heat accumulator from bottom to top and that a heat emission device is arranged at least in the lower region of the heat accumulator and preferably the intermediate medium flows through the heat accumulator from top to bottom, so that the intermediate medium introduces heat into the heat accumulator via the heat emission device.
- a certain buffer capacity can be provided so that a uniform operation of the compressed air motor can be achieved despite varying amounts of hot exhaust gas.
- the heat dissipation device is simply a feed pipe through which the intermediate medium is fed into the heat storage unit. In this case, part of the intermediate medium is located in the heat storage unit.
- the intermediate medium and the storage medium of the heat storage unit are in this case one and the same medium.
- the heat dissipation device can be a (further) heat exchanger, so that the medium of the heat storage unit is separated from the intermediate medium.
- the heat exchanger it is possible for the heat exchanger to be arranged in the discharge device so that the heat of the exhaust gas is transferred directly to the heat exchanger.
- This solution is particularly advantageous when the exhaust gas has a temperature above 300 °C. At such temperatures, conventional intermediate media, such as thermal oil, are often no longer stable.
- the system preferably has a compressed air reservoir that is arranged between the heat exchanger and the compressed air motor.
- This allows compressed air to be generated and stored in reserve within the capacity of the compressed air reservoir.
- the operation of the compressed air motor can thus be made more uniform.
- the air supplied to the compressor arrangement is taken from the environment. As a result, no compressed air reservoir is required on the inlet side of the compressor arrangement. Pre-compression of the air is also not required. However, it may be necessary to clean the air before it is supplied to the compressor arrangement.
- the air emitted by the compressed air motor is also emitted into the environment.
- the system preferably has a control device by means of which the compressor arrangement and/or the compressed air motor are controlled in such a way that the discharge temperature and the discharge pressure at least approximately correspond to the initial pressure and the initial temperature.
- the resulting efficiency of the overall arrangement can thereby be optimized.
- the compressors of the compressor arrangement can be designed as required. In some cases it may be possible for the compressor arrangement to have gas turbines as compressors. However, other designs are often more advantageous.
- the compressors can be designed as follows:
- the compressors have a first and a second shaft, the shaft axes of which are arranged parallel to each other with a lateral offset and which rotate synchronously and at the same speed during operation, so that the two shafts roll against each other and are hermetically sealed against each other,
- the compressors have a housing that surrounds the first shaft in a ring shape
- the first shaft has a nose on its outside which runs around the housing in a sealing manner
- the second shaft has a recess on its outside into which the nose of the first shaft temporarily dips when the shafts rotate and from which the nose of the first shaft later releases again,
- a supply opening and an outlet opening are arranged in the housing, which, viewed in the direction of rotation of the first shaft, are passed by the nose shortly after it is released from the recess or shortly before it is immersed in the recess, so that the nose divides a respective cavity formed by the first shaft and the surrounding housing into a first and a second section, the first section extending from the angular position at which the nose of the first shaft is released from the recess of the second shaft to the current angular position of the nose and the second section extending from the current position of the nose to the angular position at which the nose of the first shaft immerses in the recess of the second shaft,
- the inlet opening is permanently open so that air is continuously supplied to the first section, - the compressed air is released through the outlet opening,
- the outlet opening is associated with a closing device, by which the outlet opening is briefly opened during a period in which the nose is located shortly before the nose of the first shaft enters the recess of the second shaft and is then closed again.
- the opening and closing of the outlet opening can be achieved by the shape of the first and second shaft. As long as the outlet opening is open, the compressed air can be taken from the respective compressor.
- Such a design of a compressor is known per se.
- the compressor parts of an Astron motor are designed in this way.
- Astron motors are described in detail, for example, in US 2021/0 040885 A1, US 10 844 782 B1, US 2022/0 056 802 A1 and US 2023/0 092 617 A1.
- the compressors are designed as screw compressors.
- Screw compressors are well known to experts. Purely as an example, reference can be made to the entry "gear pump” and the section “screw pump” there in the German Wikipedia, accessed on May 5, 2023. Screw compressors are also commercially available on the market.
- a screw compressor has two counter-rotating shafts that trap air in a chamber between them. The chamber moves in the axial direction when the two shafts rotate, which reduces the chamber volume.
- the compressed air motor can also be designed as required.
- the compressed air motor can be designed as a gas turbine.
- the compressed air motor can also be designed as follows:
- the pneumatic motor has a first and a second shaft, the shaft axes of which are arranged parallel to one another with a lateral offset and which rotate synchronously and at the same speed during operation, so that the two shafts roll against one another and are hermetically sealed against one another,
- the pneumatic motor has a housing that surrounds the first shaft in a ring shape
- the first shaft has a nose on its outside which runs around the housing in a sealing manner
- the second shaft has a recess on its outside into which the nose of the first shaft temporarily dips when the shafts rotate and from which the nose of the first shaft later releases again,
- a feed opening and an outlet opening are arranged in the housing, which are passed by the nose shortly after it is released from the recess or shortly before it is immersed in the recess, as seen in the direction of rotation of the first shaft, so that the nose has a the annular cavity formed by the first shaft and the surrounding housing is divided into a first and a second section, the first section extending from the angular position at which the nose of the first shaft detaches from the recess of the second shaft to the current angular position of the nose and the second section extending from the current position of the nose to the angular position at which the nose of the first shaft dips into the recess of the second shaft,
- the supply opening is associated with a closing device, by which the supply opening is briefly opened during a period in which the nose is located shortly after the nose of the first shaft has been released from the recess of the second shaft, and then closed again, so that compressed air is temporarily supplied to the first section,
- the outlet opening is permanently open so that the air is continuously released through the outlet opening.
- This structure essentially corresponds to the motor part of an Astron motor.
- a compressed air motor is designed inversely to the compressor part of an Astron motor.
- the compressed air motor is designed as a screw motor.
- Screw motors are well known to experts. As an example, reference can be made to the doctoral thesis "Fundamentals of the two-phase screw motor” by Bernhard Paul Kliem, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Dortmund (Germany).
- a screw motor is constructed inversely to a screw compressor.
- a screw motor has two counter-rotating shafts that enclose air in a chamber between them. When the two shafts rotate, the chamber moves in the axial direction, which increases the chamber volume.
- the system has an electric machine, which in turn has a housing in which a first and a second shaft are mounted coaxially to one another.
- the first and the second shaft each carry an active part of the electric machine, so that an electromotive force can act between the two active parts.
- the first shaft is connected to the compressed air motor, the second shaft to the compressors of the compressor arrangement.
- the electric machine thus acts as an electrical differential machine.
- This design has the particular advantage that - instead of an electric generator connected to the compressed air motor and (at least) one electric motor connected to the compressors, only a single electric machine is required, which can also be designed smaller than would be necessary with the two individual electric machines (generator and motor).
- the latter embodiment can be further improved by the system having a further electrical machine whose stator is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner and whose rotor is connected to the compressed air motor or the compressors of the compressor arrangement. This allows the operation of the compressed air motor and the operation of the compressor arrangement to be decoupled from one another within the performance limits of the further electrical machine.
- the system has at least one tap at which air can be extracted from the compressor arrangement, the air extracted from the compressor arrangement having an extraction pressure that is greater than the initial pressure and at most as high as the final pressure.
- FIG 1 a main plant and a recovery facility
- FIG 2 shows a structural design of a recovery device
- FIG 3 a main plant and a heat exchanger
- FIG 4 a structure for heat transfer
- FIG 5 a control structure
- FIG 6 a compressor arrangement, a compressed air motor and an electric machine
- FIG 7 shows a modification of FIG 6 and FIG 8 shows a further modification of FIG 6.
- a system for recovering energy has a main plant 1.
- a hot exhaust gas 2 is produced.
- the hot exhaust gas 2 flows through a discharge device 3 of the main plant 1 and is thus discharged from the main plant 1.
- the main plant 1 is often a plant in the steel industry, for example a slab furnace or an electric steelworks.
- the present invention is not limited to plants in the steel industry.
- the system also has further system components by means of which the thermal energy of the hot exhaust gas 2, i.e. the waste heat of the main system 1, is to be utilized to generate mechanical energy and, based on this, electrical energy.
- the other system components as a whole are referred to below as the recovery device 4.
- the recovery device 4 is thermally coupled to the hot exhaust gas 2, which flows through the discharge device 3.
- the thermal coupling is indicated in FIG. 1 by a double arrow 5.
- the structural design of the recovery device 4 is explained in conjunction with FIG. 2.
- the recovery device 4 has a compressor arrangement 6.
- air 7, which is supplied to the compressor arrangement 6 with an initial temperature T 1 and an initial pressure p1 is compressed to a final pressure p2 and an intermediate temperature Tc.
- the compressor arrangement 6 has a number of compressors 8 for this purpose.
- the number of compressors 8 can be as required. In many cases, the number of compressors 8 is greater than 1. In this case, the compressors 8 are arranged in series, one behind the other. The number of three compressors 8 shown in FIG 2 is only an example. Due to the arrangement of the compressors 8 in series, the air 7 is compressed by the compressors 8 in several stages to the final pressure p2, starting from the initial pressure p1. According to the exemplary embodiment, the frontmost compressor 8 compresses the air 7, starting from the initial pressure p1, to the intermediate pressure pa. On the output side of this compressor 8, the air 7 has the temperature Ta. The temperature Ta is greater than the initial temperature T1. In a similar way, the middle compressor 8 compresses the air 7, starting from the intermediate pressure pa, to the intermediate pressure pb.
- the air 7 On the output side of this compressor 8, the air 7 has the temperature Tb.
- the last compressor 8 compresses the air 7, starting from the intermediate pressure pb, to the final pressure p2.
- the air 7 On the output side of this compressor 8, the air 7 has the intermediate temperature Tc.
- several pressures pa, pb arise within the chain of compressors 8.
- the system preferably also has cooling devices 9, as shown in FIG. 2, which are arranged between two consecutive compressors 8.
- the cooling devices 9 are used to cool the air 7, which is conveyed from the compressor 8 upstream of the respective cooling device 9 to the compressor s downstream of the respective cooling device 9. If possible, cooling takes place down to the initial temperature T 1.
- any cooling medium can be used to cool the air 7, for example cooling water, which is used for cooling a rolling stock after passing through a rolling mill.
- the air 7 is only cooled between the individual compressors 8.
- No cooling device is arranged behind the compressor 8, which compresses the air 7 to the final pressure p2 and the intermediate temperature Tc. This applies regardless of whether there are several compressors 8 arranged in series as shown in FIG 2 or whether there is only a single compressor 8.
- the system also has a heat exchanger 10.
- the heat exchanger 10 is arranged downstream of the compressor arrangement 6.
- the heat of the exhaust gas 2, which flows through the discharge device 3 is supplied to the air 7 flowing through the heat exchanger 10.
- the air 7 is thereby heated to a final temperature T2.
- the system has a compressed air motor 11.
- the compressed air motor 11 is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger 10.
- the compressed air motor 11 is supplied with the air 7, which is heated to the final temperature T2 at this point and still has the final pressure p2.
- the compressed air motor 11 is thus operated with this air 7.
- the compressed air motor 11 delivers the air 7 at a delivery temperature T3 and a delivery pressure p3.
- Mechanical energy is initially generated by means of the compressed air motor 11.
- the compressed air motor 11 is coupled to an electrical machine 12, which is thereby operated as a generator.
- the electrical energy generated by the electrical machine 12 can thus be fed into an electrical network 14 - for example via a converter 13.
- FIG 2 shows not only the minimal design of the recovery device 4 explained above, but also some designs. These designs can be implemented independently of one another.
- One embodiment consists in the system having a compressed air reservoir 15.
- the compressed air reservoir 15 is arranged between the heat exchanger 10 and the compressed air motor 11.
- the air 7 heated to the final temperature T2 and having the final pressure p2 is fed to the compressed air reservoir 15.
- a further embodiment consists in that the air 7 supplied to the compressor arrangement 6 is taken from the environment.
- the air 7 supplied to the compressor arrangement 6 thus has the normal initial pressure p1 before being compressed in the compressor arrangement 6. 100,000 Pa and an initial temperature T1 which is the local temperature and which can vary between -20 °C and +40 °C depending on the time of day and the season.
- a further embodiment consists in that the air 7 emitted by the compressed air motor 11 is released into the environment.
- a further embodiment consists in the system having at least one tapping point 16.
- Air 7 can be extracted from the compressor arrangement 6 at the tapping points 16.
- the tapping points 16 can be designed as valves, for example.
- the extracted air 7 has an extraction pressure that is greater than the initial pressure p1 and at most as high as the final pressure p2. According to the illustration in FIG 2, for example, air 7 with the intermediate pressure pa, air 7 with the intermediate pressure pb and air 7 with the final pressure p2 can be extracted from the compressor arrangement 6.
- the simplest design consists in that, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat exchanger 10 is arranged in the discharge device 3, so that the exhaust gas 2 flows directly around the heat exchanger 10 and the heat of the exhaust gas 2 is thus transferred directly to the heat exchanger 10.
- the system it is possible for the system to have a further heat exchanger 17 which is arranged in the discharge device 3 and around which the exhaust gas 2 flows.
- the heat of the exhaust gas 2 is first transferred to an intermediate medium 18 which flows through the further heat exchanger 17.
- the intermediate medium 18 acts on the heat exchanger 10, i.e. the heat exchanger through which the air 7 flows and by means of which the air 7 is heated.
- the effect can be direct.
- the intermediate medium 18 acts indirectly on the heat exchanger 10 which heats the air 7.
- the intermediate medium 18 can be a thermal oil, for example.
- the system has a heat accumulator 19.
- a suitable storage medium 20 is located in the heat accumulator 19.
- the heat exchanger 10 is arranged at least in the upper area of the heat accumulator 19. It is even better if the heat exchanger 10 extends in the vertical direction over a significant height range of the heat accumulator 19. In this case, the air 7 flows through the heat exchanger 10 and thus the heat accumulator 19 from bottom to top.
- a heat emission device 21 is arranged at least in the lower area of the heat exchanger 19. By means of the heat emission device 21, the intermediate medium 18 introduces the heat into the heat accumulator 19 or into the storage medium 20.
- the storage medium 20 can also be a thermal oil.
- the heat dissipation device 21 is shown in FIG 4 as a (further) heat exchanger, so that the intermediate medium 18 is separated from the storage medium 20. If the intermediate medium 18 and the storage medium 20 are of the same type, the heat dissipation device 21 can also be designed as a simple pipe that opens into the heat accumulator 19. In this case, of course, another pipe also leads from the heat accumulator 19 back to the heat exchanger 17.
- the air 7 heats up. This is unavoidable.
- the compression of the air 7 is preferably carried out in stages as shown in FIG 2, with the air 7 being cooled again and again between the individual compression processes.
- the air 7 also expands in the compressed air motor 11 and cools down in the process. This is also unavoidable. In the compressed air motor 11, an adiabatic expansion of the air 7 usually also takes place.
- V2 denotes the volume of air 7 that is supplied to the compressed air motor 11 for a single working cycle with the final pressure p2
- V3 denotes the volume of air 7 that is released by the compressed air motor 11 after this working cycle, i.e. after expansion
- the air 7 is usually discharged from the compressed air motor 11 to a reservoir (which can also be the normal environment) in which the initial temperature T1 and the initial pressure p1 prevail. Ideally, the relationship should therefore be
- the system has a control device 22 as shown in FIG. 5, by means of which the compressor arrangement 6 and/or the compressed air motor 11 are controlled in such a way that this condition is met - as far as possible - that is to say that the discharge temperature T3 and the discharge pressure p3 at least approximately match the initial pressure p1 and the initial temperature T1. This allows the efficiency to be optimized.
- the initial temperature T 1 and the final temperature T2 and the initial pressure p1 are fed to the control device 22 as input variables. These variables must be accepted as they are.
- the control device 22 initially controls - as far as possible - the ratio of the volumes V2 and V3 so that the ratio satisfies a predetermined condition dependent on the ratio of the temperatures T1 and T2, for example the condition according to the above equation.
- a predetermined condition dependent on the ratio of the temperatures T1 and T2 for example the condition according to the above equation.
- the volumes V2 and V3 of a compressed air motor 11 once built can no longer be changed.
- Such variation of the ratio of the volumes V2 and V3 is also of considerable importance for optimum operation. If - for example - the final temperature T2 is 300 °C or 573 K and the initial temperature T1 (ie the ambient temperature) can fluctuate between -20 °C and +40 °C, the optimum ratio of the volumes V2 and V3 is between 7.72 and 4.535.
- a separate compressed air motor 11 can be provided for four temperature ranges of 15 K each, whereby the volume ratios of the compressed air motors 11 can be (approximately) 4.83, 5.47, 6.25 and 7.19. Depending on the temperature range, it is then selected which of the compressed air motors 11 is actively operated.
- control device 22 - if necessary after determining in which configuration the compressed air motor 11 is operated - controls the compressor arrangement 6 and/or the compressed air motor 11 such that the final pressure p2 satisfies a predetermined condition dependent on the ratio of the temperatures T1 and T2, for example the condition according to the above equation.
- the volume flow supplied to the compressor arrangement 6 and the volume flow delivered by the compressed air motor 11 can be coordinated with one another by adjusting a speed nK of the compressor arrangement 6 and/or a speed nM of the compressed air motor 11, so that the desired final pressure p2 is set.
- the optimal ratio of final pressure p2 to initial pressure p1 is between around 17.5 and around 8.3. Since the initial pressure p1 (i.e. the ambient air pressure) can also fluctuate slightly, the final pressure p2 should be able to be varied to an even greater extent, for example with a fluctuation of the initial pressure p1 of up to 4% up and down between 800,000 Pa and 1,820,000 Pa. The ratio between the maximum possible final pressure p2 and the minimum possible final pressure p2 is therefore just over 2.25.
- the compressed air motor 11 is usually coupled to an electric machine 12, so that the compressed air motor 11 drives the electric machine 12 to generate electrical energy. Furthermore, electric drives are also required to drive the compressors 8.
- the electric machine 12 has a housing 23 in which a first shaft 24 and a second shaft 25 are mounted coaxially to one another.
- the illustration in FIG 6, according to which the second shaft 25 is supported on the first shaft 24 and is thus indirectly mounted in the housing 23, is purely exemplary.
- the first shaft 24 and the second shaft 25 each carry an active part 26, 27 of the electrical machine 12.
- An electromotive force can act between the two active parts 26, 27.
- the two active parts 26, 27 thus correspond in principle to the rotor and the stator of the electrical machine 12. Due to the arrangement of the two active parts 26, 27 on the shafts 24, 25, not only the "rotor” can rotate about its axis, but also the "stator".
- This design can be used advantageously by connecting the first shaft 24 to the compressed air motor 11 and the second shaft 25 to the compressors 8. the compressor arrangement 6. This makes it possible for the compressed air motor 11 to directly drive the compressors 8 of the compressor arrangement 6.
- a conversion of the mechanical energy provided by the compressed air motor 11 into electrical energy and a further conversion of the electrical energy into mechanical energy for driving the compressors 8 are thus eliminated.
- the losses associated with each conversion can also be avoided in this way. This makes it possible to increase the remaining part of mechanical energy that can be converted into electrical energy by the electrical machine 12.
- the system therefore has a further electrical machine 28 as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the stator is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner, as is generally customary.
- the rotor of the further electrical machine 28 can be connected to the compressed air motor 11 (FIG. 7) or the compressors 8 of the compressor arrangement 6 (FIG. 8) as required.
- the compressors 8 of the compressor arrangement 6 can be designed as required. It is possible that the compressors 8 are designed as gas turbines. It is usually better if the compressors 8 are designed as compressor parts of Astron engines. The structure of such compressor parts is explained in detail in the introduction to the description. It is usually even better if the compressors 8 are designed as screw compressors. Screw compressors in particular achieve very high relative efficiencies of well over 90%.
- the compressed air motor 11 can also be designed as required.
- the compressed air motor 11 can be designed as a gas turbine. It is usually better if the compressed air motor 11 is designed as the motor part of an Astron motor. The structure of such a motor part is explained in detail in the introduction to the description. It is usually even better if the compressed air motor 11 is designed as a screw motor. Screw motors in particular achieve very high relative efficiencies of well over 90%. The relative efficiency is defined in the same way as was previously explained for compressors 8.
- a high relative efficiency of the compressed air motor 11 and the compressors 8 is also of great importance for the economic operation of the system.
- T1, T2 the absolute efficiency of the Carnot cycle is just over 30%. Every percent of relative efficiency that is achieved when operating the compressors ren 8 and the operation of the compressed air motor 11 reduces the relative efficiency of the overall system by about 4% under normal temperature conditions. If - for example - under ideal, completely loss-free conditions there is a heat output of 3.84 MW and the compressed air motor 11 delivers an output of 2.83 MW and the compressors 8 require an output of 1.66 MW, the system can be used as useful output
- the useful power is therefore reduced to around 80% of its theoretically possible maximum.
- a relative efficiency of 90% the useful power is reduced to around 60% of its theoretically possible maximum, with a relative efficiency of 85% it is reduced to around 38.5% and with 80% it is reduced to just under 16%.
- a relative efficiency of around 76.5% the useful power drops to 0 and then becomes negative. A high relative efficiency is therefore very important.
- the present invention has many advantages. Firstly, the waste heat of the main system 1 can be used efficiently. Furthermore, because air 7 is used as the working medium, no special precautions are required to prevent the air 7 from escaping. This is because such an escape leads to a reduction in efficiency, but not to environmental pollution.
- the compressors 8 and the compressed air motor 11 can be constructed simply and robustly. With a suitable design, they can work with a high relative efficiency (well over 90%).
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24725783.5A EP4724735A1 (de) | 2023-06-07 | 2024-05-08 | System zur rückgewinnung von energie |
| CN202480037528.8A CN121263631A (zh) | 2023-06-07 | 2024-05-08 | 用于能量回收的系统 |
| MX2025014641A MX2025014641A (es) | 2023-06-07 | 2025-12-04 | Sistema para la recuperacion de energia |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23177959.6 | 2023-06-07 | ||
| EP23177959.6A EP4474701A1 (de) | 2023-06-07 | 2023-06-07 | System zur rückgewinnung von energie |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024251458A1 true WO2024251458A1 (de) | 2024-12-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/062766 Ceased WO2024251458A1 (de) | 2023-06-07 | 2024-05-08 | System zur rückgewinnung von energie |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP4474701A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN121263631A (de) |
| MX (1) | MX2025014641A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024251458A1 (de) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009030146A1 (de) | 2009-06-19 | 2010-12-30 | Saenergy Systems Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Energiespeicherung und -bereitstellung |
| US8572972B2 (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2013-11-05 | General Electric Company | System and method for secondary energy production in a compressed air energy storage system |
| DE102013105186A1 (de) * | 2013-05-21 | 2014-11-27 | Georg Tränkl | Druckluft-Energiespeichersystem |
| US10844782B1 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2020-11-24 | Astron Aerospace Llc | Rotary engine, parts thereof, and methods |
| US20220056802A1 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-24 | Astron Aerospace Llc | Rotary engine, parts thereof, and methods |
| US20230092617A1 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2023-03-23 | Astron Aerospace Llc | Rotary engine, parts thereof, and methods |
-
2023
- 2023-06-07 EP EP23177959.6A patent/EP4474701A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2024
- 2024-05-08 WO PCT/EP2024/062766 patent/WO2024251458A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-05-08 CN CN202480037528.8A patent/CN121263631A/zh active Pending
- 2024-05-08 EP EP24725783.5A patent/EP4724735A1/de active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-12-04 MX MX2025014641A patent/MX2025014641A/es unknown
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009030146A1 (de) | 2009-06-19 | 2010-12-30 | Saenergy Systems Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Energiespeicherung und -bereitstellung |
| US8572972B2 (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2013-11-05 | General Electric Company | System and method for secondary energy production in a compressed air energy storage system |
| DE102013105186A1 (de) * | 2013-05-21 | 2014-11-27 | Georg Tränkl | Druckluft-Energiespeichersystem |
| US10844782B1 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2020-11-24 | Astron Aerospace Llc | Rotary engine, parts thereof, and methods |
| US20210040885A1 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-11 | Astron Aerospace Llc | Rotary engine, parts thereof, and methods |
| US20230092617A1 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2023-03-23 | Astron Aerospace Llc | Rotary engine, parts thereof, and methods |
| US20220056802A1 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-24 | Astron Aerospace Llc | Rotary engine, parts thereof, and methods |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN121263631A (zh) | 2026-01-02 |
| MX2025014641A (es) | 2026-01-07 |
| EP4474701A1 (de) | 2024-12-11 |
| EP4724735A1 (de) | 2026-04-15 |
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