WO2024239771A1 - 充电方法及电子设备 - Google Patents

充电方法及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024239771A1
WO2024239771A1 PCT/CN2024/081775 CN2024081775W WO2024239771A1 WO 2024239771 A1 WO2024239771 A1 WO 2024239771A1 CN 2024081775 W CN2024081775 W CN 2024081775W WO 2024239771 A1 WO2024239771 A1 WO 2024239771A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
battery
cut
charging
preset
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/081775
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓旭同
王丰
马波
白升
张海涛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honor Device Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Honor Device Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honor Device Co Ltd filed Critical Honor Device Co Ltd
Publication of WO2024239771A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024239771A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/685—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements using connection detecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/61—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overcharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H02J7/82—Control of state of charge [SOC]
    • H02J7/825—Detection of fully charged condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/933—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/96—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/971—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/975—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/977—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a charging method and an electronic device.
  • Electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablet computers, and laptop computers include batteries and charging chips.
  • the power output by the charger needs to be input to the battery through the charging chip.
  • the charging chip can adjust the charging voltage and charging current input to the battery.
  • a cut-off voltage is set in the charging chip. When the charging chip detects that the battery voltage is equal to the cut-off voltage, it starts to charge the battery at a constant voltage at the cut-off voltage.
  • the charging chip since the charging chip has sampling errors when detecting the battery voltage, the cut-off voltage is generally lower than the rated voltage of the battery to prevent overcharging of the battery. In this case, when the charging chip detects that the battery voltage is equal to the cut-off voltage, due to the sampling error of the charging chip, the actual minimum battery voltage may be the difference between the cut-off voltage and the sampling error of the charging chip, which will greatly affect the actual capacity of the battery when fully charged.
  • the present application provides a charging method and an electronic device, which can increase the actual battery voltage when the battery is fully charged, thereby increasing the actual capacity of the battery when it is fully charged.
  • a charging method is provided.
  • the charging method is applied to a charging chip in an electronic device.
  • the battery in the electronic device can be charged according to the cut-off voltage. That is, when the battery voltage detected by the charging chip is equal to the cut-off voltage, the charging chip performs constant voltage charging on the battery.
  • the cut-off voltage is the initial voltage when the battery enters the constant voltage charging stage.
  • the electronic device also includes a fuel meter, and the sampling error of the fuel meter is less than the sampling error of the charging chip.
  • the charging method includes the following steps:
  • the cut-off voltage is increased by a preset voltage; after the cut-off voltage is increased by a first preset time after the preset voltage, if the charging chip determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold, the cut-off voltage is kept unchanged during the constant voltage charging process of the battery.
  • the charging chip is connected to the fuel gauge for receiving the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge and sent by the fuel gauge.
  • the value range of the first voltage threshold is: the first voltage threshold is greater than or equal to the difference between the initial voltage and the sampling error of the charging chip, and the first voltage threshold is less than or equal to the sum of the initial voltage and the sampling error of the charging chip.
  • the first voltage threshold is less than the second voltage threshold.
  • the second voltage threshold is less than or equal to the difference between the rated voltage of the battery and the sampling error of the fuel gauge.
  • the first voltage threshold may be equal to the initial voltage.
  • the second voltage threshold may be equal to the difference between the rated voltage of the battery and the sampling error of the fuel gauge.
  • the charging chip can adjust the cut-off voltage according to the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge with a small sampling error.
  • the cut-off voltage is the initial voltage. In this case, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is small.
  • the charging chip increases the cut-off voltage by a preset voltage, that is, increases the cut-off voltage. After the cut-off voltage is increased, the actual battery voltage will change. After the first preset time after the cut-off voltage increases by the preset voltage, the battery voltage detected by the charging chip is equal to the cut-off voltage after the preset voltage is increased.
  • the cut-off voltage is kept unchanged during the constant voltage charging process of the battery. In other words, at this time, the battery is charged at a constant voltage according to the increased cut-off voltage. In this process, since the cut-off voltage is increased and the battery voltage error detected by the fuel gauge is small, the minimum and maximum values of the actual battery voltage when the battery is fully charged will increase, which can increase the actual battery voltage when the battery is fully charged, thereby increasing the actual capacity of the battery when it is fully charged.
  • the charging method further includes the step of: the charging chip sets M equal to 0 when the battery enters the constant voltage charging stage.
  • M can be used to characterize the number of times the cut-off voltage increases by a preset voltage.
  • the first preset threshold is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the first preset threshold is used to characterize the threshold number of times the cut-off voltage increases by a preset voltage. In this way, the first preset threshold can be adjusted to prevent the cut-off voltage from increasing by too many times to cause overcharging of the battery.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is still less than or equal to the first voltage threshold, indicating that an error may have occurred in the process.
  • the cut-off voltage is directly set to the initial voltage. In this way, the charging safety of the battery can be improved.
  • the charging method further comprises the following steps: after the cut-off voltage is increased by a preset voltage for a first preset time, if the charging chip determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is greater than the first voltage threshold and greater than the second voltage threshold, then the cut-off voltage is reduced by a preset voltage. And, after the cut-off voltage is reduced by a preset voltage for a first preset time, if the charging chip determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold, then the cut-off voltage is kept unchanged during the constant voltage charging process of the battery.
  • the cut-off voltage can be reduced by a preset voltage to reduce the actual battery voltage, so that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold. That is to say, in the present application, only when the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold after the cut-off voltage is adjusted, the battery will be charged according to the adjusted cut-off voltage. In this way, the actual battery voltage when the battery is fully charged can be increased, the actual capacity of the battery when it is fully charged can be increased, and the charging safety of the battery can be improved.
  • the charging method further includes the step of: the charging chip setting N equal to 0 when the battery enters the constant voltage charging stage.
  • the cut-off voltage is reduced by the preset voltage.
  • N can be used to characterize the number of times the cut-off voltage is reduced by a preset voltage.
  • the second preset threshold is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the second preset value is used to characterize the threshold number of times the cut-off voltage is reduced by the preset voltage. In this way, by adjusting the first preset threshold, it is possible to prevent the cut-off voltage from being reduced by too many times, resulting in the actual battery voltage being too small.
  • the number of times the cut-off voltage is reduced by the preset voltage reaches the threshold number, the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is still greater than the second voltage threshold, indicating that an error may have occurred in the process.
  • the cut-off voltage is directly set to the initial voltage. In this way, the charging safety of the battery can be improved.
  • the charging method further includes the step of: during the constant voltage charging process of the battery, if the charging chip determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is greater than a first voltage threshold, setting the cut-off voltage to an initial voltage.
  • the cut-off voltage is not adjusted to ensure the charging safety of the battery.
  • the step of periodically detecting whether the battery enters the constant voltage charging stage may be further included. If the battery enters the constant voltage charging stage, the step of increasing the cut-off voltage by a preset voltage and subsequent steps are performed during the constant voltage charging process of the battery if the charging chip determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold.
  • the step of periodically detecting the charging current of the battery may be further included. If the charging current is within the preset current range, the step of increasing the cut-off voltage by a preset voltage and subsequent steps are performed during the constant voltage charging process of the battery, if the charging chip determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold.
  • the step may also be included: detecting the temperature of the battery after the battery enters the constant voltage charging stage. If the temperature of the battery is within the preset temperature range, the step of increasing the cut-off voltage by a preset voltage and subsequent steps during the constant voltage charging process of the battery if the charging chip determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold is performed. If the temperature of the battery is not within the preset temperature range, the cut-off voltage is set to the initial voltage to ensure the charging safety of the battery.
  • the charging method further comprises the step of: if charging of the battery is stopped, setting the cut-off voltage to the initial voltage.
  • an electronic device in a second aspect, includes a battery, a charging chip and a power meter.
  • the charging chip includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a charging method as described in any one of the first aspects is implemented.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a charging scenario of a first electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a charging scenario of a second electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a charging curve diagram of an electronic device in the related art
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a flow chart of a first charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a first voltage curve diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a flow chart of a second charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a second voltage curve diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a third voltage curve diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a flow chart of a third charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a fourth charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 10 includes a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, etc.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are schematic diagrams of charging scenarios of two different electronic devices 10.
  • the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a mobile phone
  • the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 2 is a tablet computer.
  • the charger 20 includes a power adapter 22 and a charging cable 24 connected to the power adapter 22.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 10 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging chip 140, a power supply 141, and a power supply 142.
  • the power management module 141 The power management module 141, the battery 142, the fuel gauge 143, the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the audio module 170, the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, the earphone interface 170D, the sensor module 180, the button 190, the motor 191, the indicator 192, the camera 193, the display screen 194 and the SIM card interface 195, etc.
  • the sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, an ambient light sensor 180L, a bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor 110 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor and/or a neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc.
  • AP application processor
  • GPU graphics processor
  • ISP image signal processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • NPU neural-network processing unit
  • different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.
  • the processor 110 may be a system-on-chip (SOC) in the electronic device 10.
  • the processor 110 may also be other devices with processing functions in the electronic device 10 that are independent of the SOC.
  • the controller may be the nerve center and command center of the electronic device 10.
  • the controller may generate an operation control signal according to the instruction operation code and the timing signal.
  • the processor 110 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data.
  • the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory.
  • the memory may store instructions or data that the processor 110 has just used or cyclically used. If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it may be directly called from the memory. This avoids repeated access, reduces the waiting time of the processor 110, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces.
  • the interface may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and/or a universal serial bus (USB) interface.
  • I2C inter-integrated circuit
  • I2S inter-integrated circuit sound
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • UART universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter
  • MIPI mobile industry processor interface
  • GPIO general-purpose input/output
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • USB universal serial bus
  • the wireless communication function of the electronic device 10 can be implemented through the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modem processor, the baseband processor, and the like.
  • Antenna 1 and antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • the structures of antenna 1 and antenna 2 in FIG. 3 are only an example.
  • Each antenna in electronic device 10 can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve the utilization of antennas.
  • antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network.
  • the antenna can be used in combination with a tuning switch.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can provide solutions for wireless communications including 2G/3G/4G/5G, etc., applied to the electronic device 10.
  • the mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, a switch, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), etc.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna 1, filter, amplify, etc. the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modulation and demodulation processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modulation and demodulation processor, and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1.
  • at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be arranged in the processor 110.
  • at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be arranged in the same device as at least some modules of the processor 110.
  • the wireless communication module 160 can provide wireless communication solutions including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared (IR), etc., which are applied to the electronic device 10.
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • BT wireless fidelity
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • FM frequency modulation
  • NFC near field communication
  • IR infrared
  • the wireless communication module 160 can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2, modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110.
  • the wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110, modulate and amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna 2.
  • the antenna 1 of the electronic device 10 is coupled to the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled to the wireless communication module 160, so that the electronic device 10 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
  • the wireless communication technology may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM and/or IR technology, etc.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • TD-SCDMA time-division code division multiple access
  • LTE long term evolution
  • BT GNSS
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • NFC wireless communication technology
  • FM and/or IR technology etc.
  • GNSS can include the global positioning system (GPS), the global navigation satellite system (GLO
  • the electronic device 10 implements the display function through a GPU, a display screen 194, and an application processor.
  • the GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, which connects the display screen 194 and the application processor.
  • the GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or change display information.
  • the internal memory 121 can be used to store computer executable program codes, and the executable program codes include instructions.
  • the processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 10 by running the instructions stored in the internal memory 121.
  • the internal memory 121 may include a program storage area and a data storage area.
  • the program storage area can store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.
  • the data storage area can store data created during the use of the electronic device 10 (such as audio data, a phone book, etc.), etc.
  • the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), etc.
  • UFS universal flash storage
  • the SIM card interface 195 is used to connect a SIM card.
  • the SIM card can be connected to or disconnected from the electronic device 10 by inserting the SIM card interface 195 or removing the SIM card interface 195.
  • the electronic device 10 can support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the SIM card interface 195 can support Nano SIM cards, Micro SIM cards, SIM cards, etc. Multiple cards can be inserted into the same SIM card interface 195 at the same time. The types of multiple cards can be
  • the SIM card interface 195 may be the same or different.
  • the SIM card interface 195 may also be compatible with different types of SIM cards.
  • the SIM card interface 195 may also be compatible with external memory cards.
  • the electronic device 10 interacts with the network through the SIM card to implement functions such as calls and data communications.
  • the electronic device 10 uses an eSIM, i.e., an embedded SIM card.
  • the eSIM card may be embedded in the electronic device 10 and cannot be separated from the electronic device 10.
  • the charging chip 140 is connected to the battery 142.
  • the electric energy output by the charger 20 needs to be input to the battery 142 through the charging chip 140.
  • the charging chip 140 is used to adjust the charging voltage and charging current input to the battery 142.
  • the fuel gauge 143 is connected to the battery 142 and the processor 110. When the fuel gauge 143 is working, it can detect the voltage and current of the battery 142, and can obtain the power of the battery 142 according to the current of the battery 142, and output the voltage and power of the battery 142 to the processor 110.
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 10.
  • the electronic device 10 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some components, or split some components, or arrange the components differently.
  • the components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • FIG. 3 is only an exemplary description when the electronic device 10 is a mobile phone. If the electronic device 10 is another type of device such as a tablet computer, the structure of the electronic device 10 may include fewer structures than those shown in FIG. 3, or may include more structures than those shown in FIG. 3, without limitation. For example, compared to the mobile phone shown in FIG. 3, a tablet computer without mobile communication capability at least does not include a mobile communication module.
  • FIG4 is a charging curve diagram of an electronic device 10 in the related art, wherein curve 1 is a charging current curve, and curve 2 is a voltage curve of the battery 142.
  • the charging process of the charging chip 140 charging the battery 142 is as follows: from the time when the electronic device 10 is connected to the charger 20 to the time T01, the charging chip 140 controls the charging current input to the battery 142 to rise rapidly from 0 to I1, and the voltage of the battery 142 increases. From the time T01 to the time T02, the charging chip 140 performs constant current charging on the battery 142, the battery 142 enters the constant current charging stage, and the voltage of the battery 142 gradually increases.
  • the charging chip 140 performs constant voltage charging on the battery 142, the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage, and the charging current gradually decreases.
  • the battery 142 reaches full charge, at which time the charging chip 140 stops charging the battery 142, and the current input to the battery 142 drops rapidly and drops to 0 at the time T04.
  • the constant current charging stage may include multiple constant current charging sub-stages, and the charging current input to the battery 142 in each constant current charging sub-stage is different.
  • the constant current charging stage includes three constant current charging sub-stages.
  • the charging current input to the battery 142 is constant at I1; in the second constant current charging sub-stage, the charging current input to the battery 142 is constant at I2; in the third constant current charging sub-stage, the charging current input to the battery 142 is constant at I3.
  • W is the actual capacity of the battery 142 when fully charged
  • U is the voltage input to the battery 142
  • I is the charging current input to the battery 142
  • t is the charging time. It can be seen that the actual capacity of the battery 142 when fully charged is also related to the voltage of the battery 142 during the constant voltage charging stage.
  • a cut-off voltage and a cut-off current are set in the charging chip 140.
  • the charging chip 140 detects that the battery voltage is equal to the cut-off voltage, it starts to charge the battery 142 at a constant voltage with the cut-off voltage. At this time, the charging current output by the charging chip 140 to the battery 142 gradually decreases.
  • the charging chip 140 detects that the charging current is equal to the cut-off current, it is judged that the battery 142 has reached the full charge condition. At this time, the charging chip 140 stops charging the battery 142.
  • the charging chip 140 Since the charging chip 140 has a voltage sampling error when detecting the voltage of the battery 142, and also has a current sampling error when detecting the current of the battery 142, in order to prevent the battery 142 from being overcharged, the cut-off voltage is generally less than the rated voltage of the battery 142, and the cut-off current is generally greater than the rated current of the battery 142 when it is fully charged. Specifically, as shown in FIG4, during the charging process of the battery 142, the voltage of the battery 142 is constantly increasing, so if the cut-off voltage is equal to or greater than the rated voltage of the battery 142, the actual voltage of the battery 142 may be greater than the rated voltage, thereby overcharging the battery 142.
  • the charging current is constantly decreasing, so if the cut-off current is less than or equal to the rated current of the battery 142 when it is fully charged, the actual charging current may be less than the rated current of the battery 142 when it is fully charged. According to FIG4, this will increase the actual capacity of the battery 142 when it is fully charged, which may cause the actual capacity of the battery 142 to be greater than the rated capacity.
  • Va is the cut-off voltage
  • Ve is the rated voltage of the battery 142
  • V BATmin is the minimum value of the actual battery voltage when the charging chip 140 detects that the battery voltage is equal to the cut-off voltage
  • Vd is the voltage sampling error of the charging chip 140.
  • Ia is the cut-off current
  • Ie is the rated current when the battery 142 is fully charged
  • I BATmax is the maximum value of the actual charging current when the charging chip 140 detects that the charging current is equal to the cut-off current
  • Id is the current sampling error of the charging chip 140.
  • the minimum actual battery voltage may be the difference between the cut-off voltage and the voltage sampling error of the charging chip 140
  • the maximum actual charging current may be the sum of the cut-off current and the current sampling error of the charging chip 140.
  • the cut-off voltage can be set to the difference between the rated voltage of the battery 142 and the voltage sampling error of the charging chip 140.
  • V BATmax is the actual maximum value of the battery voltage when the charging chip 140 detects that the battery voltage is equal to the cut-off voltage. That is, the voltage V2 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is greater than or equal to V BATmin and less than or equal to V BATmax . It can be seen that when the cut-off voltage is set to the difference between the rated voltage of the battery 142 and the voltage sampling error of the charging chip 140, when the voltage sampling error of the charging chip 140 shifts upward to the maximum value, the actual The battery voltage reaches a maximum value, which is equal to the rated voltage of the battery 142.
  • the actual battery voltage When the voltage sampling error of the charging chip 140 shifts downward to a minimum value, the actual battery voltage reaches a minimum value, which is equal to the difference between the rated voltage of the battery 142 and twice the voltage sampling error of the charging chip 140. When the actual battery voltage is at a minimum value when fully charged, the actual capacity of the battery 142 when fully charged is the minimum.
  • the cut-off current can be set to the sum of the rated current of the battery 142 when fully charged and the current sampling error of the charging chip 140.
  • I BATmin is the minimum value of the actual charging current when the charging chip 140 detects that the charging current is equal to the cut-off current. That is, the current I0 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is greater than or equal to I BATmin and less than or equal to I BATmax . It can be seen that, when the cut-off current is set to the sum of the rated current of the battery 142 when it is fully charged and the current sampling error of the charging chip 140, when the current sampling error of the charging chip 140 shifts upward to the maximum value, the actual charging current reaches the maximum value, which is equal to the sum of the rated current of the battery 142 when it is fully charged and twice the current sampling error of the charging chip 140.
  • the actual charging current When the current sampling error of the charging chip 140 shifts downward to the minimum value, the actual charging current reaches the minimum value, which is equal to the rated current of the battery 142 when it is fully charged. Wherein, when the actual charging current is the maximum value when the battery 142 is fully charged, the actual capacity of the battery 142 when it is fully charged is the minimum.
  • the rated voltage of battery 142 is 4450mV (millivolts), and the rated current of battery 142 when fully charged is 0.025C (coulomb); the voltage sampling error of charging chip 140 is 20mV, and the current sampling error of charging chip 140 is 0.0025C.
  • the actual battery voltage cannot be greater than 4450mV, and the actual charging current cannot be less than 0.025C.
  • the maximum cut-off voltage can only be set to 4430mV, and the minimum cut-off current can only be set to 0.0275C.
  • the actual battery voltage of battery 142 when fully charged may be 4450mV at most, and only 4410mV at least.
  • the cut-off current is set to 0.0275C
  • the actual charging current when the battery 142 is fully charged may be 0.029C at most and 0.025C at least.
  • the current unit C is the current rate when the battery 142 is charged, and 1C is equal to 1A multiplied by 1 second (S). That is to say, for a battery 142 with a rated capacity of 5000mAh, 1C is equal to 5A; for a battery 142 with a rated capacity of 10000mAh, 1C is equal to 10A.
  • the percentage of the actual capacity to the rated capacity when fully charged under different cut-off conditions is shown in Table 1 below.
  • the cut-off voltages corresponding to Case 1A, Case 1B, and Case 1C are all 4424mV, and the cut-off currents are all 240mA.
  • Case 1A when the cut-off voltage is 4424mV and the cut-off current is 240mA, if the accuracy of the voltage detection by the charging chip 140 is shifted downward to the minimum value (at this time, the actual battery voltage reaches the minimum value when fully charged), and the accuracy of the current detection by the charging chip 140 is shifted upward to the maximum value (at this time, the actual charging current reaches the maximum value when fully charged), the actual capacity of the battery 142 when fully charged is the minimum, which is only 93.6% of the rated capacity.
  • the cut-off voltages corresponding to Case 2A, Case 2B, and Case 2C are all 4430mV and the cut-off currents are all 200mA.
  • Case 2A when the cut-off voltage is 4430mV and the cut-off current is 200mA, if the accuracy of the voltage detection by the charging chip 140 is shifted downward to the minimum value and the accuracy of the current detection by the charging chip 140 is shifted upward to the maximum value, the actual capacity of the battery 142 when fully charged is the minimum, which is only 94.7% of the rated capacity.
  • case 1A with case 2A
  • case 1B with case 2B
  • case 1C with case 2C
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a charging method and an electronic device, which can increase the actual battery voltage when the battery is fully charged, thereby increasing the actual capacity of the battery when it is fully charged.
  • the sampling error refers to the voltage sampling error, and does not include the current sampling error. That is to say, in the following description, the sampling error of the charging chip refers to the voltage sampling error of the charging chip, and the sampling error of the fuel meter refers to the voltage sampling error of the fuel meter.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which only the structure related to the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown.
  • the electronic device 10 includes a charging chip 140, a battery 142 and a fuel gauge 143.
  • the charging chip 140 is connected to the battery 142.
  • the charging chip 140 is used to adjust the charging voltage and charging current input to the battery 142.
  • the charging chip 140 can also detect the battery voltage and charging current.
  • the fuel gauge 143 is connected to the battery 142 for detecting the battery voltage.
  • the fuel gauge 143 can also communicate with the charging chip 140 so that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 can be output to the charging chip 140.
  • the charging chip 140 is used to execute the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the sampling error of the fuel gauge 143 is less than the sampling error of the charging chip 140.
  • the fuel gauge 143 with a sampling error of 7.5mV can be selected.
  • the actual battery voltage is 4400mV
  • the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is any value from 4380mV to 4420mV
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is any value from 4392.5mV to 4407.5mV.
  • the charging chip 140 "starts constant voltage charging of the battery 142 with the cutoff voltage when detecting that the battery voltage is equal to the cutoff voltage" is realized by a comparator.
  • the charging chip 140 includes a comparator.
  • the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator is used to input the battery voltage
  • the inverting input terminal of the comparator is used to input the reference voltage, that is, the cutoff voltage.
  • the comparator outputs a high-level signal, and the charging chip 140 now charges the battery 142 with the cutoff voltage at a constant voltage.
  • whether the charging chip 140 performs constant voltage charging on the battery 142 is realized by its circuit structure. Based on this, the charging chip 140 cannot directly control whether to perform constant voltage charging on the battery 142 based on the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143.
  • the battery voltage is detected once every third preset time interval, and the detected battery voltage is output to the charging chip 140.
  • the third preset time interval here is any time interval from 0.1S to 3S, for example, the third preset time interval can be 0.1S, 0.5S, 0.8S, 1S, 2S or 3S.
  • the structure of the electronic device 10 can also be as shown in Figure 6.
  • the electronic device 10 can also include a processor 110.
  • the fuel gauge 143 and the charging chip 140 are both connected to the processor 110 for communication.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 can be output to the processor 110 first, and then the processor 110 outputs the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 to the charging chip 140.
  • the communication connection here can be connected through an I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus, or through a signal processing and multimedia image (signal processing and multimedia image, SPMI) bus, which will not be repeated.
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart of a charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 7, the charging method includes the following steps S110 to S120.
  • the cut-off voltage is increased by a preset voltage.
  • the charging chip 140 starts charging.
  • the battery 142 begins to be charged at a constant voltage, that is, the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage.
  • the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application is performed after the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage, that is, during the constant voltage charging process of the battery 142.
  • the constant voltage charging stage of the battery 142 may also include multiple constant voltage charging sub-stages, and the actual battery voltages of different constant voltage charging sub-stages may be different.
  • the inventive idea of the embodiment of the present application is to increase the actual battery voltage of the battery 142 when it is fully charged by adjusting the cut-off voltage of the charging chip 140.
  • the cut-off voltage has multiple different values.
  • the cut-off voltage is the initial voltage.
  • the value of the initial voltage here can be equal to the value of the cut-off voltage in the related art.
  • a first voltage threshold is also provided in the charging chip 140.
  • the battery voltage is detected once every third preset time period, and the detected battery voltage is output to the charging chip 140.
  • the cut-off voltage is increased by a preset voltage.
  • the value range of the first voltage threshold is: the first voltage threshold is greater than or equal to the difference between the initial voltage and the sampling error of the charging chip 140, and the first voltage threshold is less than or equal to the sum of the initial voltage and the sampling error of the charging chip 140.
  • the first voltage threshold is less than the second voltage threshold. In some specific embodiments, the first voltage threshold is equal to the initial voltage.
  • the preset voltage is a voltage value preset in the charging chip 140.
  • the preset voltage may be 5mV, 7.5mV, or 10mV.
  • the magnitude of the preset voltage depends on the specification of the charging chip 140.
  • Increasing the cut-off voltage by the preset voltage means: increasing the current cut-off voltage by the preset voltage to obtain a new cut-off voltage. For example, if the current cut-off voltage is the initial voltage, the sum of the initial voltage and the preset voltage is used as the new cut-off voltage.
  • the first preset duration may be any duration from 1S to 5S, for example, the first preset duration may be 1S, 2S, 3S, 4S or 5S.
  • a second voltage threshold is also provided in the charging chip 140. The second voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold, and the second voltage threshold is less than or equal to the difference between the rated voltage of the battery 142 and the sampling error of the fuel gauge 143. In some specific embodiments, the second voltage threshold is equal to the difference between the rated voltage of the battery 142 and the sampling error of the fuel gauge 143.
  • the charging chip 140 needs to wait for the first preset time period, and then compare the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 with the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold. If the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold, the battery 142 is charged according to the adjusted cut-off voltage (i.e., the cut-off voltage after the preset voltage is increased in step S110).
  • the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to the cut-off voltage. After the cut-off voltage is increased by the preset voltage in step S110, the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is less than the cut-off voltage. At this time, the charging chip 140 continues to charge the battery 142, and the actual battery voltage rises until the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to the cut-off voltage after the preset voltage is increased. After the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to the cut-off voltage after the preset voltage is increased, the actual battery voltage stabilizes again.
  • the first preset time length should meet the following conditions: If the time length from the start of increasing the cut-off voltage by the preset voltage to the time when the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to the cut-off voltage after the preset voltage is increased is the first preset time length. For example, if the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to the cut-off voltage after the cut-off voltage is increased by the preset voltage by 1S, the first preset time should be greater than or equal to 1S.
  • the charging chip 140 can adjust the cut-off voltage according to the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 with a small sampling error.
  • the cut-off voltage is the initial voltage. In this case, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is small.
  • the charging chip 140 increases the cut-off voltage by a preset voltage, that is, adjusts the cut-off voltage to a higher value. After the cut-off voltage is increased, the actual battery voltage will change.
  • the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to the cut-off voltage after the preset voltage is increased.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is large, and the cut-off voltage is kept unchanged during the constant voltage charging process of the battery 142. That is, at this time, the battery 142 is charged at a constant voltage according to the increased cut-off voltage.
  • Steps S110 and S120 are described below by taking an example.
  • the rated voltage of the battery 142 is 4450mV
  • the sampling error of the charging chip 140 is 20mV
  • the sampling error of the fuel gauge 143 is 7.5mV
  • the initial voltage is 4430mV
  • the preset voltage is 10mV.
  • the value range of the first voltage threshold is [4410mV, 4450mV]
  • the second voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold
  • the second voltage threshold is less than or equal to 4442.5mV.
  • the first voltage threshold is 4430mV and the second voltage threshold is 4442.5mV.
  • Step S110 is specifically as follows: after the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage, if the charging chip 140 determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to 4430 mV, the cut-off voltage is increased by 10 mV.
  • FIG8 is a voltage curve provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the ordinate is the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140.
  • the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to the cut-off voltage (the cut-off voltage at this time is the initial voltage, i.e., 4430mV), and the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage.
  • the initial voltage is 4430mV
  • the actual battery voltage is at least 4410mV and at most 4450mV.
  • the charging chip 140 determines whether the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to 4430mV. In the case where the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is equal to 4430mV, based on the sampling error of 7.5mV of the fuel gauge 143, the actual battery voltage is at least 4422.5mV and at most 4437.5mV. It can be seen that if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to 4430mV, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is 4437.5mV at most and 4410mV at least. In this case, it means that the actual battery voltage is small, so the cut-off voltage is increased by 10mV to increase the actual battery voltage. In the embodiment shown in FIG8 , the cut-off voltage is increased by 10mV at time T2, and the increased cut-off voltage is 4440mV.
  • Step S120 is specifically as follows: after the cut-off voltage is increased by 10 mV for a first preset time, if the charging chip 140 determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4430 mV and less than or equal to 4442.5 mV, the cut-off voltage is maintained at 4440 mV.
  • the first preset time should be greater than or equal to the time from time T2 to time T3.
  • the cut-off voltage is 4440mV, based on the sampling error of 20mV of the charging chip 140, the actual battery voltage is 4420mV at the minimum and 4460mV at the maximum.
  • the charging chip 140 determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4430mV, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is greater than 4422.5mV. Similarly, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is equal to 4442.5mV, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is at least 4435mV and at most 4450mV. It can be seen that if the charging chip 140 determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4430mV and less than or equal to 4442.5mV, the actual battery voltage is greater than 4422.5mV and at most 4450mV.
  • the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application can increase the actual battery voltage when the battery 142 is fully charged, thereby increasing the actual capacity of the battery 142 when it is fully charged.
  • the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application is further expanded from two different situations below.
  • the cut-off voltage can be increased by multiple preset voltages.
  • the charging method may further include step S001, setting M equal to 0 when the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage.
  • the charging method may further include the following steps S130 and S140.
  • the cut-off voltage is set to the initial voltage.
  • Steps S130, S140 and S120 are three parallel situations, the difference is that: in step S120, after the cut-off voltage is increased by the preset voltage for the first preset time, the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold; while in steps S130 and S140, after the cut-off voltage is increased by the preset voltage for the first preset time, the charging chip 140 determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is still less than or equal to the first voltage threshold. In this case, it means that after the cut-off voltage is increased by the preset voltage for the first preset time, the actual battery voltage is still small.
  • step S130 can be executed repeatedly to increase the preset voltage multiple times.
  • M can be used to represent the number of times the cut-off voltage increases by the preset voltage.
  • the first preset threshold is an integer greater than or equal to 2, for example, the first preset threshold is 2, 3 or 4.
  • the first preset threshold is used to represent the cut-off voltage. Increase the threshold times of the preset voltage.
  • the cut-off voltage can be increased by a plurality of preset voltages, thereby increasing the actual battery voltage when the battery 142 is fully charged, and increasing the actual capacity of the battery 142 when it is fully charged.
  • the first preset threshold value can be adjusted to prevent the cut-off voltage from increasing by too many times by the preset voltage, thereby preventing the battery 142 from being overcharged.
  • the number of times the cut-off voltage increases by the preset voltage reaches the threshold number, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is still less than or equal to the first voltage threshold, it indicates that an error may have occurred in the process, and at this time, the cut-off voltage is directly set to the initial voltage. In this way, the charging safety of the battery 142 can be improved.
  • Fig. 9 is a flow chart of another charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application, which includes all the contents of steps S110 to S140.
  • the charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application is described below by taking an example in conjunction with Fig. 9 .
  • the charging method may include steps S1 to S9.
  • FIG9 is another voltage curve diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein the ordinate is the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140.
  • the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to the cut-off voltage (the cut-off voltage at this time is the initial voltage, i.e., 4430 mV), and the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage.
  • the cut-off voltage at this time is the initial voltage, i.e., 4430 mV
  • M 0.
  • the actual battery voltage is at least 4410 mV and at most 4450 mV.
  • step S3 It is determined whether the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4430 mV. If the determination result of step S2 is no, that is, the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to 4430 mV, step S3 is executed.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is equal to 4430mV, based on the sampling error of 7.5mV of the fuel gauge 143, the actual battery voltage is at least 4422.5mV and at most 4437.5mV. Therefore, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to 4430mV, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is at most 4437.5mV and at most 4410mV.
  • the first preset time length should be greater than or equal to the time length from time T2 to time T3.
  • the actual battery voltage is at least 4420 mV and at most 4460 mV.
  • step S7 It is determined again whether the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4430 mV. If the determination result of step S5 is no, that is, the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to 4430 mV, step S7 is executed.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to 4430 mV, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is 4437.5 mV at most and 4420 mV at least.
  • steps S4 and S5 at time T5, the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to 4450 mV.
  • the actual battery voltage is 4430 mV at the minimum and 4470 mV at the maximum.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to 4430 mV, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is 4437.5 mV at the maximum and 4430 mV at the minimum.
  • step S9 is executed.
  • the charging chip 140 may also output a fault signal to the processor 110 of the electronic device 10. After receiving the fault signal, the processor 110 displays the fault information on the display screen of the electronic device 10. The fault information is used to indicate that an error occurs during the charging process of the electronic device 10.
  • the cut-off voltage increases by the preset voltage a number of times to reach the threshold number, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is still less than or equal to the first voltage threshold, it indicates that an error may have occurred in the process (failure of the fuel gauge 143 or the charging chip 140). At this time, for the sake of charging safety, the adjustment of the cut-off voltage is abandoned and the cut-off voltage is set to the initial voltage of 4430mV.
  • step S5 if the judgment result of step S5 is yes, that is, the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4430mV, step S6 is executed. Among them, the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4430mV, which indicates that the actual battery voltage is greater than 4422.5mV.
  • step S8 Determine whether the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to 4442.5mV.
  • the battery voltage is equal to 4442.5mV, which indicates that the actual battery voltage is at least 4435mV and at most 4450mV. It can be seen that if the charging chip 140 determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4430mV and less than or equal to 4442.5mV, the actual battery voltage is greater than 4422.5mV and at most 4450mV. In this case, the actual battery voltage when the battery 142 is fully charged is increased, and the battery 142 will not be overcharged, so step S8 can be executed.
  • the cut-off voltage is increased by a preset voltage for a first preset time period, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4430 mV and less than or equal to 4442.5 mV, the battery 142 is charged according to the adjusted cut-off voltage.
  • the cut-off voltage can be reduced by a preset voltage.
  • the charging method may further include the following steps S150 and S160 .
  • Step S150 is a case parallel to step S120, the difference is that: in step S120, it is the case that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold after the cut-off voltage is increased by the preset voltage for the first preset time; while in step S150, it is the case that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the second voltage threshold after the cut-off voltage is increased by the preset voltage for the first preset time. It can be understood that after the cut-off voltage is reduced, the current output from the charging chip 140 to the battery 142 is reduced, and the actual battery voltage will drop.
  • the cut-off voltage can be reduced by a preset voltage to reduce the actual battery voltage, so that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold. That is to say, in the present application, only when the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold after the cut-off voltage is adjusted, the battery 142 will be charged according to the adjusted cut-off voltage. In this way, the actual battery voltage when the battery 142 is fully charged can be increased, the actual capacity of the battery 142 when fully charged can be increased, and the charging safety of the battery 142 can be improved.
  • Steps S150 and S160 are described below by taking an example.
  • the cut-off voltage is 4440mV.
  • Step S150 is specifically as follows: after the cut-off voltage is increased by 10 mV for a first preset time period, if the charging chip 140 determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4442.5 mV, the cut-off voltage is reduced by 10 mV.
  • FIG11 is another voltage curve diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein the ordinate is the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140.
  • the cut-off voltage is increased by 10 mV at time T2.
  • the increased cut-off voltage is 4440 mV.
  • the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to 4440 mV.
  • the actual battery voltage is at least 4420 mV and at most 4460 mV.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is the second voltage threshold, i.e. 4442.5mV, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is at least 4435mV and at most 4450mV. Therefore, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than 4442.5mV, it indicates that the actual battery voltage may be greater than 4450mV. In this case, the battery 142 is overcharged, which poses a safety hazard. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the cut-off voltage by 10mV. In the embodiment shown in FIG8 , at time T6, the cut-off voltage is reduced by 10mV, and the reduced cut-off voltage is 4430mV. At time T7, the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to 4430mV.
  • the first preset duration is greater than or equal to the duration from time T6 to time T7.
  • the cut-off voltage may also be reduced by a plurality of preset voltages, which will be described in detail below.
  • the charging method may further include step S002 , setting N equal to 0 when the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage.
  • the charging method may further include the following steps S170 and S180.
  • Step S170 and step S180 are two parallel cases. It can be understood that in this embodiment, step S170 can be executed repeatedly to reduce the preset voltage multiple times. Among them, N can be used to characterize the number of times the cut-off voltage is reduced by the preset voltage.
  • the second preset threshold is an integer greater than or equal to 2, for example, the second preset threshold is 2, 3 or 4. The second preset value is used to characterize the threshold number of times the cut-off voltage is reduced by the preset voltage.
  • the cut-off voltage can be reduced by a plurality of preset voltages, thereby preventing the battery 142 from being overcharged.
  • the first preset threshold can be adjusted to prevent the cut-off voltage from being reduced by too many preset voltages, thereby preventing the actual The battery voltage is too low.
  • the cut-off voltage is directly set to the initial voltage. In this way, the charging safety of the battery 142 can be improved.
  • FIG12 is a flowchart of another charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application, which includes all the contents of steps S110 to S180.
  • steps S2 to S9 are the same as those shown in FIG9 and are not repeated here.
  • step S1 is replaced by step S1A, and steps S10 and S11 are added.
  • steps S3 to S5 can also be cycled several times until the judgment result of step S5 is yes. Afterwards, if the judgment result of step S6 is no, (still taking the values in steps S1 to S9 as an example), the actual battery voltage may be greater than 4450mV. In this case, the battery 142 is overcharged. At this time, step S10 is executed.
  • the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold can be adjusted according to the initial voltage, the preset voltage, the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold.
  • the charging method may further include step S190 , during the constant voltage charging process of the battery 142 , if the charging chip 140 determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold, the cut-off voltage is set to the initial voltage.
  • Step S190 and step S110 are two parallel situations. That is, when the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is larger. At this time, the cut-off voltage is not adjusted to ensure the charging safety of the battery 142.
  • the rated voltage of the battery 142 is 4450mV
  • the sampling error of the charging chip 140 is 20mV
  • the sampling error of the fuel gauge 143 is 7.5mV
  • the initial voltage is 4430mV
  • the preset voltage is 10mV
  • the first voltage threshold is 4430mV
  • the second voltage threshold is 4442.5mV
  • the charging method of the present application may further include step S210 before step S110, where the charging chip 140 periodically detects whether the battery 142 enters a constant voltage charging stage.
  • step S110 and subsequent steps are performed after the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage. Therefore, before executing step S110, the charging chip 140 can periodically detect whether the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage. For example, the charging chip 140 can determine whether it enters the constant voltage charging stage by detecting whether the battery voltage is equal to the cut-off voltage. Alternatively, the charging chip 140 can also determine whether it enters the constant voltage charging stage by reading the information stored in its register. If the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage, steps S110 to S190 are executed.
  • the periodic detection of whether the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage can be to detect whether the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage once every second preset time interval.
  • the second preset time can be any time from 5S to 30S.
  • the second preset time can be 5S, 10S, 15S, 20S, 25S or 30S.
  • the charging method of the present application may further include step S240, where after charging is completed, the cut-off voltage is set to the initial voltage.
  • the inventive idea of the embodiment of the present application is to increase the actual battery voltage when the battery 142 is fully charged by adjusting the cut-off voltage of the charging chip 140.
  • the cut-off voltage is the initial voltage. Therefore, in order to smoothly implement the charging method of the present application, the charging chip can set the cut-off voltage to the initial voltage after the charging is completed.
  • the end of charging means that the electronic device 10 is disconnected from the charger 20, that is, the charging chip 140 no longer inputs electrical energy.
  • step S240 can also be executed when the electronic device 10 starts charging. That is, when the electronic device 10 is connected to the charger 20 and the charging chip 140 starts to input electrical energy, the cut-off voltage is set to the initial voltage.
  • the charging method of the present application may further include step S220 before step S110 , where the charging chip 140 periodically detects the charging current of the battery 142 .
  • the charging chip 140 may periodically detect the charging current output by the charging chip 140 to the battery 142. If the charging current is within the preset current range, steps S110 to S190 are executed.
  • the periodic detection of the charging current of the battery 142 here may be detecting the charging current of the battery 142 once every second preset time interval, or may be detecting the charging current of the battery 142 once every other preset time interval.
  • step S110 can be performed when the charging current is less than a certain current threshold.
  • the minimum value of the preset current range should be greater than the cut-off current.
  • the charging method of the present application may further include the following steps S232 , S234 and S236 before step S110 .
  • the charging chip 140 detects the temperature of the battery 142 after the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage.
  • the charging chip 140 executes the step of increasing the cut-off voltage by the preset voltage and subsequent steps during the constant voltage charging process of the battery 142. If the charging chip 140 determines that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold,
  • the charging chip 140 sets the cut-off voltage to is the initial voltage.
  • Step S232 is performed before step S110. That is to say, in the constant voltage charging stage, the charging chip 140 needs to detect the temperature of the battery 142 first. If the temperature of the battery 142 is within the preset temperature range, the charging chip 140 executes step S110 and subsequent steps. If the temperature of the battery 142 is not within the preset temperature range, the charging chip 140 sets the cut-off voltage to the initial voltage to ensure the charging safety of the battery 142.
  • the minimum value of the preset temperature range can be any value from 0°C (Celsius) to 20°C, and the maximum value of the preset temperature range can be any value from 40°C to 60°C. In some specific embodiments, the preset temperature range is 10°C to 45°C.
  • Fig. 13 is a flow chart of another charging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 13, the charging method may include the following steps S12 to S15, S1A to S11, and S16.
  • the charging chip 140 detects whether the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage. If the determination result of step S12 is no, step S13 is executed. If the determination result of step S12 is yes, step S14 is executed.
  • step S13 the process returns to step S12. That is, if the constant voltage charging stage has not been entered, the charging chip 140 periodically (each second preset time interval is one period) detects whether the battery 142 has entered the constant voltage charging stage.
  • the charging chip 140 detects whether the charging current output to the battery 142 is within a preset range. If the judgment result of step S14 is no, step S13 is executed. That is, the charging chip 140 periodically (each second preset time interval is a cycle) detects the charging current of the battery 142 until the charging current is within the preset current range.
  • step S15 is executed.
  • the charging chip 140 detects the temperature of the battery 142. If the temperature of the battery 142 is within the preset temperature range, step S1A is executed. If the temperature of the battery 142 is not within the preset temperature range, the charging method is exited and step S9 is executed.
  • step S1A is before step S2.
  • step S1A is before step S2.
  • the charging chip 140 determines whether the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than a preset first voltage threshold. If the determination result of step S2 is yes, step S9 is executed. If the determination result of step S2 is no, step S3 is executed.
  • step S5 After the cut-off voltage increases by the preset voltage for the first preset time, it is determined again whether the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold. If the determination result of step S5 is yes, step S6 is executed. If the determination result of step S5 is no, step S7 is executed.
  • step S6 After the cut-off voltage increases by a preset voltage for a first preset time, when the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold, it is also necessary to determine whether the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to the second voltage threshold. If the determination result of step S6 is yes, step S8 is executed. If the determination result of step S6 is no, step S10 is executed.
  • the battery 142 is charged according to the adjusted cut-off voltage.
  • step S7 If the judgment result of step S7 is yes, then the process returns to step S3. If the judgment result of step S7 is no, then the process proceeds to step S9.
  • step S11 If the judgment result of step S11 is yes, then the process returns to step S4. If the judgment result of step S11 is no, then the process goes to step S9.
  • the cut-off voltage is set to the initial voltage.
  • the rated voltage of the battery 142 is 4450mV
  • the sampling error of the charging chip 140 is 20mV
  • the sampling error of the fuel gauge 143 is 7.5mV
  • the initial voltage is 4430mV
  • the preset voltage is 10mV
  • the first voltage threshold is 4430mV
  • the second voltage threshold is 4442.5mV
  • the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are both 3.
  • the judgment results of step S12, step S14 and step S15 are all yes, so the description of the following five possible situations starts from step S1A.
  • the charging chip 140 sets M and N to 0. At this time, the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4435mV, which is greater than 4430mV, so the judgment result of step S2 is yes. In this case, the battery 142 is directly charged at a constant voltage according to the initial voltage. That is, the cut-off voltage is 4430mV.
  • the actual battery voltage is a minimum of 4427.5 mV and a maximum of 4442.5 mV.
  • the battery voltage detected by the power meter 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4440mV, which is greater than 4430mV and less than 4442.5mV, so the judgment results of step S5 and step S6 are both yes.
  • the battery 142 is charged at a constant voltage according to the adjusted cut-off voltage. That is, the cut-off voltage is 4440mV.
  • the actual battery voltage is 4410mV at the minimum and 4422.5mV at the maximum.
  • the actual battery voltage is 4432.5mV at the minimum and 4447.5mV at the maximum. It can be seen that the actual battery voltage when the battery 142 is fully charged is increased, thereby increasing the actual capacity of the battery 142 when it is fully charged.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4445mV, which is greater than 4430mV and greater than 4442.5mV, so the judgment result of step S5 is yes, and the judgment result of step S6 is no.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4435mV, which is greater than 4430mV and less than 4442.5mV, so the judgment results of steps S5 and S6 are both yes.
  • the battery 142 is charged at a constant voltage according to the cut-off voltage obtained by the last adjustment. In other words, the cut-off voltage is 4430mV.
  • the actual battery voltage is 4410mV at the minimum and 4422.5mV at the maximum.
  • the actual battery voltage is 4427.5mV at the minimum and 4442.5mV at the maximum. It can be seen that the actual battery voltage when the battery 142 is fully charged is increased, thereby increasing the actual capacity of the battery 142 when it is fully charged.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4445mV, which is greater than 4430mV and greater than 4442.5mV, so the judgment result of step S5 is yes, and the judgment result of step S6 is no.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4420mV, which is less than 4430mV, so the judgment result of step S5 is no, and step S7 is executed.
  • M 1, the judgment result of step S7 is yes, and the process returns to step S3.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4418mV, which is less than 4430mV, so the judgment result of step S5 is no, and step S7 is executed.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4445mV, which is greater than 4430mV and greater than 4442.5mV, so the judgment result of step S5 is yes, and the judgment result of step S6 is no.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4445mV, which is greater than 4430mV and greater than 4442.5mV, so the judgment result of step S5 is yes, and the judgment result of step S6 is no.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 received by the charging chip 140 is 4420mV, which is less than 4430mV, so the judgment result of step S5 is no, and step S7 is executed.
  • M 1, the judgment result of step S7 is yes, and the process returns to step S3.
  • the term "battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143" is only used to limit the battery voltage to be detected by the fuel gauge 143 and transmitted to the charging chip 140. It is understandable that the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 can be a voltage value or an average of multiple voltage values.
  • the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) During the constant voltage charging process of the battery 142, the charging chip 140 can adjust the cut-off voltage according to the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 with a small sampling error. When the battery 142 enters the constant voltage charging stage, the cut-off voltage is the initial voltage. In this case, if the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is small. At this time, the charging chip 140 increases the cut-off voltage by a preset voltage, that is, adjusts the cut-off voltage to a higher value. After the cut-off voltage is increased, the actual battery voltage will change.
  • the battery voltage detected by the charging chip 140 is equal to the cut-off voltage after the preset voltage is increased.
  • the battery voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold, it indicates that the actual battery voltage is large, and the cut-off voltage is kept unchanged during the constant voltage charging process of the battery 142. That is, at this time, the battery 142 is charged at a constant voltage according to the increased cut-off voltage.
  • the cut-off voltage can be increased by multiple preset voltages, thereby increasing the actual battery voltage when the battery 142 is fully charged, and increasing the actual capacity of the battery 142 when it is fully charged.
  • the first preset threshold can be adjusted to prevent the cut-off voltage from increasing by too many times to cause overcharging of the battery 142.
  • the cut-off voltage is directly set to the initial voltage. In this way, the charging safety of the battery 142 can be improved.
  • the cut-off voltage can be reduced by multiple preset voltages, thereby preventing the battery 142 from being overcharged.
  • the first preset threshold can be adjusted to prevent the cut-off voltage from decreasing by too many times to cause the actual battery voltage to be too low.
  • the cut-off voltage detected by the fuel gauge 143 is still greater than the second voltage threshold, indicating that an error may have occurred in the process, and at this time, the cut-off voltage is directly set to the initial voltage. In this way, the charging safety of the battery 142 can be improved.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including a battery 142, a charging chip 140, and a fuel gauge 143.
  • the charging chip 140 includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, a charging method as in any of the above embodiments is implemented.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center by wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (such as a digital versatile disc (Digital Versatile Disc, DVD)) or semiconductor media (such as: Solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种充电方法及电子设备，涉及电子技术领域。所述充电方法包括：在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压；在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，则在电池的恒压充电过程中保持截止电压不变。其中，电量计的采样误差小于充电芯片的采样误差。如此，可以提高电池满充时实际的电池电压，从而提高电池满充时的实际容量。

Description

充电方法及电子设备
本申请要求于2023年05月19日提交到国家知识产权局、申请号为202310575327.0、申请名称为“充电方法及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电子技术领域，特别涉及一种充电方法及电子设备。
背景技术
诸如手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等电子设备包括电池和充电芯片。电子设备与充电器连接时，充电器输出的电能需要通过充电芯片输入至电池。充电芯片可以调节输入至电池的充电电压和充电电流。相关技术中，充电芯片内设有截止电压。当充电芯片检测到电池电压等于截止电压时，开始以截止电压对电池进行恒压充电。
然而，由于充电芯片检测电池电压时具有采样误差，因此为防止电池过充，截止电压一般会小于电池的额定电压。这种情况下，当充电芯片检测到电池电压等于截止电压时，由于充电芯片的采样误差的影响，实际的电池电压最小可能是截止电压与充电芯片的采样误差之差，这会大大影响电池满充时的实际容量。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种充电方法及电子设备，可以提高电池满充时实际的电池电压，从而提高电池满充时的实际容量。
第一方面，提供了一种充电方法。充电方法应用于电子设备中的充电芯片，充电芯片工作时，可以根据截止电压对电子设备中的电池进行充电。也就是说，在充电芯片检测的电池电压等于截止电压时，充电芯片对电池进行恒压充电。其中，截止电压在电池进入恒压充电阶段时为初始电压。电子设备中还包括电量计，电量计的采样误差小于充电芯片的采样误差。充电方法包括如下步骤：
在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压；在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，则在电池的恒压充电过程中保持截止电压不变。
其中，充电芯片与电量计连接，用于接收电量计发送的电量计检测的电池电压。第一电压阈值的取值范围是：第一电压阈值大于或等于初始电压与充电芯片的采样误差之差，且第一电压阈值小于或等于初始电压与充电芯片的采样误差之和。第一电压阈值小于第二电压阈值。第二电压阈值小于或等于电池的额定电压与电量计的采样误差之差。在一些实施例中，第一电压阈值可以等于初始电压。第二电压阈值可以等于电池的额定电压与电量计的采样误差之差。
在本申请中，在电池的恒压充电过程中，充电芯片可以根据采样误差较小的电量计所检测的电池电压来调整截止电压。电池在进入恒压充电阶段时，截止电压为初始电压。这 种情况下，若电量计检测到的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则表明实际的电池电压较小。此时，充电芯片将截止电压增大预设电压，即将截止电压调大。截止电压调大后，实际的电池电压会发生变化。在截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片检测的电池电压等于增大预设电压后的截止电压。此时，若电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，表明实际的电池电压较大，则在电池的恒压充电过程中保持截止电压不变。也就是说，此时根据调大后的截止电压对电池进行恒压充电。在此过程中，由于将截止电压调大，且电量计检测的电池电压误差较小，因此电池满充时实际的电池电压的最小值和最大值都会增大，这可以提高电池满充时实际的电池电压，从而提高电池满充时的实际容量。
在一些实施例中，充电方法还包括步骤：在电池进入恒压充电阶段时充电芯片令M等于0。
这种情况下，在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压这一步骤，具体可以是：在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，且M等于0，则将截止电压增大预设电压，且令M＝M+1。
此时，充电方法还包括如下步骤：在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，且M小于第一预设阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压，且令M＝M+1。以及，在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，且M大于或等于第一预设阈值，则将截止电压设置为初始电压。
其中，M可以用于表征截止电压增大预设电压的次数。第一预设阈值为大于或等于2的整数。第一预设阈值用于表征截止电压增大预设电压的门限次数。如此，可以通过调整第一预设阈值，防止截止电压增大预设电压的次数过多而导致电池过充。同时，当截止电压增大预设电压的次数达到门限次数时，电量计检测的电池电压仍小于或等于第一电压阈值，则表明该过程可能发生错误，此时，直接将截止电压设置为初始电压。如此，可以提高电池的充电安全性。
在一些实施例中，充电方法还包括如下步骤：在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且大于第二电压阈值，则将截止电压减小预设电压。以及，在将截止电压减小预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，则在电池的恒压充电过程中保持截止电压不变。
其中，电量计检测的电池电压大于第二电压阈值时，表明实际的电池电压过大。这种情况下，可以将截止电压减小预设电压以减小实际的电池电压，从而使电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值。也就是说，在本申请中，只有在截止电压调整后电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，才会根据调整后的截止电压对电池进行充电。如此，即可提高电池满充时实际的电池电压，提高电池满充时的实际容量，又能够提高电池的充电安全性。
在一些实施例中，充电方法还包括步骤：在电池进入恒压充电阶段时充电芯片令N等于0。
这种情况下，在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且大于第二电压阈值，则将截止电压减小预设电压，具体可以是：在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且大于第二电压阈值，且N等于0，则将截止电压减小预设电压，且令N＝N+1。
此时，充电方法还包括如下步骤：在将截止电压减小预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且大于第二电压阈值，且N小于第二预设阈值，则将截止电压减小预设电压，且令N＝N+1。以及，在将截止电压减小预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且大于第二电压阈值，且N大于或等于第二预设阈值，则将截止电压设置为初始电压。
其中，N可以用于表征截止电压减小预设电压的次数。第二预设阈值为大于或等于2的整数。第二预设值用于表征截止电压减小预设电压的门限次数。如此，可以通过调整第一预设阈值，防止截止电压减小预设电压的次数过多导致实际的电池电压过小。同时，当截止电压减小预设电压的次数达到门限次数时，电量计检测的电池电压仍大于第二电压阈值，则表明该过程可能发生错误，此时，直接将截止电压设置为初始电压。如此，可以提高电池的充电安全性。
在一些实施例中，充电方法还包括步骤：在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压设置为初始电压。
也就是说，在电池进入恒压充电阶段时，若电量计检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值，则表明实际的电池电压较大。此时，不调节截止电压，以保证电池的充电安全性。
在一些实施例中，在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压之前，还可以包括步骤：周期性检测电池是否进入恒压充电阶段。若电池进入恒压充电阶段，则执行在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压的步骤及后续步骤。
在一些实施例中，在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压之前，还可以包括步骤：周期性检测电池的充电电流。若充电电流在预设电流范围内，则执行在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压的步骤及后续步骤。
在一些实施例中，在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压之前，还可以包括步骤：在电池进入恒压充电阶段后检测电池的温度。若电池的温度在预设温度范围内，则执行在电池的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片确定电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压的步骤及后续步骤。若电池的温度不在预设温度范围内，则将截止电压设置为初始电压，以保证电池的充电安全性。
在一些实施例中，充电方法还包括步骤：若停止对电池进行充电，则将截止电压设置为初始电压。
第二方面，还提供了一种电子设备。电子设备包括电池、充电芯片以及电量计。其中， 充电芯片包括存储器、处理器以及存储在存储器中并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如第一方面中任意一项的充电方法。
上述第二方面所获得的技术效果与上述第一方面中对应的技术手段获得的技术效果近似，在这里不再赘述。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的第一种电子设备的充电场景示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的第二种电子设备的充电场景示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的第一种电子设备的结构示意图；
图4是相关技术中的一种电子设备的充电曲线图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的第二种电子设备的结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的第三种电子设备的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的第一种充电方法的流程图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的第一种电压曲线图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的第二种充电方法的流程图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的第二种电压曲线图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的第三种电压曲线图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的第三种充电方法的流程图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的第四种充电方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请的实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
应当理解的是，本申请提及的“多个”是指两个或两个以上。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，比如，A/B可以表示A或B；本文中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，比如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请的技术方案，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
在对本申请实施例提供的充电方法进行详细的解释说明之前，先对充电方法的应用场景予以说明。
电子设备10包括手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等。图1和图2是两种不同的电子设备10的充电场景示意图。其中，图1中所示的电子设备10为手机，图2中所示的电子设备10为平板电脑。如图1和图2所示，充电器20包括电源适配器22和与电源适配器22连接的充电线24。
以电子设备10是手机为例，图3是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备10的结构示意图。如图3所示，电子设备10可以包括处理器110、外部存储器接口120、内部存储器121、通用串行总线(universal serial bus、USB)接口130、充电芯片140、电 源管理模块141、电池142、电量计143、天线1、天线2、移动通信模块150、无线通信模块160、音频模块170、扬声器170A、受话器170B、麦克风170C、耳机接口170D、传感器模块180、按键190、马达191、指示器192、摄像头193、显示屏194以及SIM卡接口195等。其中传感器模块180可以包括压力传感器180A、陀螺仪180B、气压传感器180C、磁传感器180D、加速度传感器180E、距离传感器180F、接近光传感器180G、指纹传感器180H、温度传感器180J、触摸传感器180K、环境光传感器180L、骨传导传感器180M等。
处理器110可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器110可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)、调制解调处理器、图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)、图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)、控制器、视频编解码器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、基带处理器和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以是电子设备10中的系统级芯片(system on chip，SOC)。在另一些实施例中，处理器110也可以是电子设备10中独立于SOC之外的其他具有处理功能的器件。
其中，控制器可以是电子设备10的神经中枢和指挥中心。控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号。
处理器110中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器110中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。存储器可以保存处理器110刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器110需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从存储器中直接调用。避免了重复存取，减少了处理器110的等待时间，因而提高了系统的效率。
在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包括一个或多个接口。接口可以包括集成电路(inter-integrated circuit，I2C)接口、集成电路内置音频(inter-integrated circuit sound，I2S)接口、脉冲编码调制(pulse code modulation，PCM)接口、通用异步收发传输器(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，UART)接口、移动产业处理器接口(mobile industry processor interface，MIPI)、通用输入输出(general-purpose input/output，GPIO)接口、用户标识模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)接口和/或通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口等。
电子设备10的无线通信功能可以通过天线1、天线2、移动通信模块150、无线通信模块160、调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。
天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。图3中的天线1和天线2的结构仅为一种示例。电子设备10中的每个天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
移动通信模块150可以提供应用在电子设备10上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。移动通信模块150可以包括至少一个滤波器、开关、功率放大器、低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)等。移动通信模块150可以由天线1接收电磁波、并对接收的电磁波进行滤波、放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块150还可以对经调制解调处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁 波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器110中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器110的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块160可以提供应用在电子设备10上的包括无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)、蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)、全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)、调频(frequency modulation，FM)、近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)、红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块160可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块160经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器110。无线通信模块160还可以从处理器110接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频、放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
在一些实施例中，电子设备10的天线1和移动通信模块150耦合，天线2和无线通信模块160耦合，使得电子设备10可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。无线通信技术可以包括全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)、通用分组无线服务(general packet radio service，GPRS)、码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)、时分码分多址(time-division code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)、BT、GNSS、WLAN、NFC、FM和/或IR技术等。GNSS可以包括全球卫星定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)、全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)、北斗卫星导航系统(beidou navigation satellite system，BDS)、准天顶卫星系统(quasi-zenith satellite system，QZSS)和/或星基增强系统(satellite based augmentation systems，SBAS)。
电子设备10通过GPU、显示屏194，以及应用处理器等实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏194和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器110可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行程序指令以生成或改变显示信息。
内部存储器121可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，可执行程序代码包括指令。处理器110通过运行存储在内部存储器121的指令，从而执行电子设备10的各种功能应用以及数据处理。内部存储器121可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统，至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能，图像播放功能等)等。存储数据区可存储电子设备10使用过程中所创建的数据(比如音频数据，电话本等)等。此外，内部存储器121可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)等。
SIM卡接口195用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过插入SIM卡接口195，或从SIM卡接口195拔出，实现和电子设备10的接触和分离。电子设备10可以支持1个或N个SIM卡接口，N为大于1的正整数。SIM卡接口195可以支持Nano SIM卡，Micro SIM卡，SIM卡等。同一个SIM卡接口195可以同时插入多张卡。多张卡的类型可以 相同，也可以不同。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容不同类型的SIM卡。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容外部存储卡。电子设备10通过SIM卡和网络交互，实现通话以及数据通信等功能。在一些实施例中，电子设备10采用eSIM，即：嵌入式SIM卡。eSIM卡可以嵌在电子设备10中，不能和电子设备10分离。
充电芯片140与电池142连接。当电子设备10与充电器20连接时，充电器20输出的电能需要通过充电芯片140输入至电池142。充电芯片140用于调节输入至电池142的充电电压和充电电流。
电量计143与电池142及处理器110连接。电量计143工作时，可以检测电池142的电压、电流，且可以根据电池142的电流得到电池142的电量，并将电池142的电压、电量输出至处理器110。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对电子设备10的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，电子设备10可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
可以理解，上述图3所示仅仅为电子设备10为手机时的示例性说明。若电子设备10是平板电脑等其他类型的设备时，电子设备10的结构中可以包括比图3中所示更少的结构，也可以包括比图3中所示更多的结构，在此不作限制。例如，相比于图3所示的手机，在不具有移动通信能力平板电脑上至少不包括移动通信模块。
图4是相关技术中的一种电子设备10的充电曲线图，其中，曲线①为充电电流曲线，曲线②为电池142的电压曲线。如图4所示，相关技术中，充电芯片140对电池142进行充电的充电过程为：从电子设备10与充电器20连接开始到T01时刻，充电芯片140控制输入至电池142的充电电流从0迅速上升至I1，电池142的电压增大。从T01时刻开始至T02时刻，充电芯片140对电池142进行恒流充电，电池142进入恒流充电阶段，电池142的电压逐渐增大。从T02时刻开始至T03时刻，充电芯片140对电池142进行恒压充电，电池142进入恒压充电阶段，充电电流逐渐减小。在T03时刻，电池142达到满充，此时充电芯片140停止对电池142进行充电，输入电池142的电流迅速下降并在T04时刻下降至0。其中，恒流充电阶段可以包括多个恒流充电子阶段，每个恒流充电子阶段输入至电池142的充电电流不同。例如，在图4所示的实施例中，恒流充电阶段包括三个恒流充电子阶段，在第一个恒流充电子阶段中，输入电池142的充电电流恒为I1；在第二个恒流充电子阶段中，输入电池142的充电电流恒为I2；在第三个恒流充电子阶段中，输入电池142的充电电流恒为I3。在图4所示的实施例中，电池142满充时的实际容量等于阴影部分的面积，即电流曲线与横坐标围成图形的面积，单位为mAh(毫安小时)。由此可见，充电芯片140停止对电池142进行充电时，输入电池142的充电电流I0会影响电池142满充时的实际容量。同时，根据焦耳定律，电池142满充时的实际容量为：
W＝UIt
其中，W为电池142满充时的实际容量，U为输入电池142的电压，I为输入电池142的充电电流，t为充电时间。由此可见，电池142满充时的实际容量还与恒压充电阶段电池142的电压相关。
相关技术中，充电芯片140内设有截止电压和截止电流。在恒流充电阶段，当充电芯片140检测到电池电压等于截止电压时，开始以截止电压对电池142进行恒压充电，此时，充电芯片140输出至电池142的充电电流逐渐下降。在恒压充电阶段，当充电芯片140检测到充电电流等于截止电流时，判断电池142达到满充条件，此时，充电芯片140停止向电池142充电。
由于充电芯片140检测电池142的电压时具有电压采样误差，检测电池142的电流时也具有电流采样误差，因此为防止电池142过充，截止电压一般会小于电池142的额定电压，截止电流一般会大于电池142满充时的额定电流。具体来说，如图4所示，在电池142的充电过程中，电池142的电压是不断增大的，因此若截止电压等于或大于电池142的额定电压，则电池142的实际电压可能会大于额定电压，从而使电池142过充。同样的，在电池142的充电过程中，充电电流是不断减小的，因此若截止电流小于或等于电池142满充时的额定电流，则实际的充电电流可能会小于电池142满充时的额定电流，根据图4可知，这会增大电池142满充时的实际容量，可能导致电池142的实际容量大于额定容量。
然而，在截止电压小于电池142的额定电压、截止电流大于电池142满充时的额定电流的情况下，当充电芯片140检测到电池电压等于截止电压、充电电流等于截止电流时，由于充电芯片140的电压采样误差和电流采样误差的影响，可能会有：
Va＜Ve
VBATmin＝Va-Vd
Ia＞Ie
IBATmax＝Ia+Id
其中，Va为截止电压，Ve为电池142的额定电压，VBATmin为充电芯片140检测到电池电压等于截止电压时实际的电池电压的最小值，Vd为充电芯片140的电压采样误差。Ia为截止电流，Ie为电池142满充时的额定电流，IBATmax为充电芯片140检测到充电电流等于截止电流时实际充电电流的最大值，Id为充电芯片140的电流采样误差。也就是说，实际的电池电压最小可能是截止电压与充电芯片140的电压采样误差之差，实际的充电电流最大可能是截止电流与充电芯片140的电流采样误差之和。
例如，截止电压可以设定为电池142的额定电压与充电芯片140的电压采样误差之差，此时充电芯片140检测到电池电压等于截止电压时，即充电芯片140对电池142进行恒压充电时，实际的电池电压最小可能是电池142的额定电压与两倍的充电芯片140的电压采样误差之差，这会大大影响电池142满充时的实际容量。即，有：
Va＝Ve-Vd
VBATmax＝Va-Vd＝Ve
VBATmin＝Va-Vd＝Ve-2×Vd
其中，VBATmax为充电芯片140检测到电池电压等于截止电压时实际的电池电压的最大值。也就是说，图4所示实施例中的电压V2大于或等于VBATmin，且小于或等于VBATmax。由此可见，在截止电压设定为电池142的额定电压与充电芯片140的电压采样误差之差的情况下，当充电芯片140的电压采样误差向上偏移到最大值时，实际的 电池电压达到最大值，等于电池142的额定电压。当充电芯片140的电压采样误差向下偏移到最小值时，实际的电池电压达到最小值，等于电池142的额定电压与两倍的充电芯片140的电压采样误差之差。其中，在满充时实际的电池电压为最小值时，电池142满充时的实际容量最小。
同样的，截止电流可以设定为电池142满充时的额定电流与充电芯片140的电流采样误差之和，此时充电芯片140检测到充电电流等于截止电流时，实际的充电电流最大可能是电池142满充时的额定电流与两倍的充电芯片140的电流采样误差之和。即，有：
Ia＝Ie+Id
IBATmax＝Ia+Id＝Ie+2×Id
IBATmin＝Ia-Id＝Ie
其中，IBATmin为充电芯片140检测到充电电流等于截止电流时实际充电电流的最小值。也就是说，图4所示实施例中的电流I0大于或等于IBATmin，且小于或等于IBATmax。由此可见，在截止电流设定为电池142满充时的额定电流与充电芯片140的电流采样误差之和的情况下，当充电芯片140的电流采样误差向上偏移到最大值时，实际的充电电流达到最大值，等于电池142满充时的额定电流与两倍的充电芯片140的电流采样误差之和。当充电芯片140的电流采样误差向下偏移到最小值时，实际的充电电流达到最小值，等于电池142满充时的额定电流。其中，在电池142满充时实际的充电电流为最大值时，电池142满充时的实际容量最小。
下面通过举例，对相关技术进行详细的解释说明。
例如，电池142的额定电压是4450mV(毫伏)，电池142满充时的额定电流为0.025C(库伦)；充电芯片140的电压采样误差为20mV，充电芯片140的电流采样误差为0.0025C。这种情况下，为保证电池142的充电安全，实际的电池电压不能大于4450mV，实际的充电电流不能小于0.025C。基于充电芯片140的电压采样误差，截止电压最大只能设定为4430mV，截止电流最小只能设定为0.0275C。而在截止电压设定为4430mV的情况下，由于充电芯片140具有电压采样误差，因此电池142满充时实际的电池电压最大可能是4450mV，最小仅为4410mV。在截止电流设定为0.0275C的情况下，由于充电芯片140具有电流采样误差，因此电池142满充时实际的充电电流最大可能是0.029C，最小则为0.025C。其中，电流单位C为电池142充电时的电流倍率，1C等于1A乘以1秒(S)。也就是说，对于额定容量为5000mAh的电池142，1C等于5A；对于额定容量为10000mAh的电池142，1C等于10A。
根据实验得到，在截止电流不变的情况下，对于额定容量为5020mAh(毫安时)的电池142，电池142满充时实际的电池电压每增加8mV，电池142满充时的实际容量可以增加0.7％，即35.14mAh。
在一些实施例中，对于一个额定容量为5000mAh的电池142，在不同截止条件(包括截止电压和截止电流)下满充时的实际容量与额定容量的百分比如下表1所示。
表1
在表1所示的实施例中，情况1A、情况1B和情况1C对应的截止电压均为4424mV、截止电流均为240mA。根据情况1A可知，在截止电压为4424mV、截止电流为240mA的情况下，若充电芯片140检测电压的精度向下偏移到最小值(此时满充时实际的电池电压达到最小值)、充电芯片140检测电流的精度向上偏移到最大值(此时满充时实际的充电电流达到最大值)，此时电池142满充时的实际容量最小，仅为额定容量的93.6％。根据情况1B可知，在截止电压为4424mV、截止电流为240mA的情况下，若充电芯片140检测电压和电流无误差，此时电池142满充时的实际容量为额定容量的95.8％。根据情况1C可知，在截止电压为4424mV、截止电流为240mA的情况下，若充电芯片140检测电压的精度向上偏移到最大值(此时满充时实际的电池电压达到最大值)、充电芯片140检测电流的精度向下偏移到最小值(此时满充时实际的充电电流达到最小值)，此时电池142满充时的实际容量最大，达到额定容量的98.5％。
在表1所示的实施例中，情况2A、情况2B和情况2C对应的截止电压均为4430mV、截止电流均为200mA。根据情况2A可知，在截止电压为4430mV、截止电流为200mA的情况下，若充电芯片140检测电压的精度向下偏移到最小值、充电芯片140检测电流的精度向上偏移到最大值，此时电池142满充时的实际容量最小，仅为额定容量的94.7％。根据情况2B可知，在截止电压为4430mV、截止电流为200mA的情况下，若充电芯片140检测电压和电流无误差，此时电池142满充时的实际容量为额定容量的97.3％。根据情况2C可知，在截止电压为4430mV、截止电流为200mA的情况下，若充电芯片140检测电压的精度向上偏移到最大值、充电芯片140检测电流的精度向下偏移到最小值，此时电池142满充时的实际容量最大，达到额定容量的99.6％。
同时，横向对比情况1A和情况2A，情况1B和情况2B，情况1C和情况2C可知，对于同样的电压采样误差和电流采样误差，在充电芯片140的截止电压越高、截止电流越小的情况下，电池142满充时的实际容量也会更大。由此可见，提高电池142满充时实际的电池电压可以提高电池142满充时的实际容量。
为此，本申请实施例提供了一种充电方法及电子设备，可以提高电池满充时实际的电池电压，从而提高电池满充时的实际容量。
首先对本申请实施例提供的充电方法所应用的电子设备的电学结构进行说明。
由于本发明的主要思路在于提高电池满充时实际的电池电压，而不涉及降低电池 满充时实际的充电电流，因此，在下述对本申请实施例的描述中，采样误差均指的是电压采样误差，而不包括电流采样误差。也就是说，在下述描述中，充电芯片的采样误差即指充电芯片的电压采样误差，电量计的采样误差指电量计的电压采样误差。
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种电子设备10的结构示意图，其中仅示出了与本申请实施例提供的充电方法相关的结构。如图5所示，电子设备10包括充电芯片140、电池142和电量计143。充电芯片140与电池142连接。当电子设备10与充电器连接时，充电器输出的电能需要通过充电芯片140输入至电池142。充电芯片140用于调节输入至电池142的充电电压和充电电流。充电芯片140还可以检测电池电压和充电电流。电量计143与电池142连接，用于检测电池电压。电量计143与充电芯片140之间还可以进行通信，以使电量计143检测的电池电压可以输出至充电芯片140。充电芯片140用于执行本申请实施例提供的充电方法。在本申请实施例中，电量计143的采样误差小于充电芯片140的采样误差。例如，当充电芯片140的采样误差为20mV时，可以选用采样误差为7.5mV的电量计143。这种情况下，若实际的电池电压为4400mV，则充电芯片140检测到的电池电压为4380mV至4420mV的任意值，而电量计143检测到的电池电压为4392.5mV至4407.5mV的任意值。
需要说明的是，充电芯片140在“检测到电池电压等于截止电压时，开始以截止电压对电池142进行恒压充电”是通过比较器实现的。充电芯片140包括比较器。比较器的同相输入端用于输入电池电压，比较器的反相输入端用于输入基准电压，即截止电压。当比较器的同相输入端输入的电池电压大于或等于反相输入端输入的截止电压时，比较器输出高电平信号，此时充电芯片140以截止电压对电池142进行恒压充电。也就是说，充电芯片140是否对电池142进行恒压充电是由其电路结构实现的。基于此，充电芯片140不能直接根据电量计143检测到的电池电压来控制是否对电池142进行恒压充电。
在一些实施例中，电量计143工作时，每间隔第三预设时长检测一次电池电压，并将检测的电池电压输出至充电芯片140。这里的第三预设时长是0.1S到3S的任意时长，例如，第三预设时长可以是0.1S、0.5S、0.8S、1S、2S或3S。
在一些具体的实施例中，电子设备10的结构还可以如图6所示。如图6所示，电子设备10还可以包括处理器110。电量计143、充电芯片140均与处理器110通信连接。如此，电量计143检测的电池电压可以先输出至处理器110，再由处理器110将电量计143检测的电池电压输出至充电芯片140。这里的通信连接可以是通过I2C(Inter-Integrated Circuit)总线连接，也可以是通过信号处理与多媒体图像(signal processing and multimedia image，SPMI)总线连接，不再赘述。
下面对本申请实施例提供的充电方法进行详细的解释说明。
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种充电方法的流程图。如图7所示，充电方法包括如下步骤S110至S120。
S110，在电池142的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压。
如前所述，在充电过程中，当充电芯片140检测到电池电压等于截止电压时，开 始对电池142进行恒压充电，即电池142进入恒压充电阶段。本申请实施例提供的充电方法是在电池142进入恒压充电阶段后执行的，也即在电池142的恒压充电过程中进行的。同样的，电池142的恒压充电阶段也可以包括多个恒压充电子阶段，不同的恒压充电子阶段实际的电池电压可以不同。
本申请实施例的发明思路在于通过调整充电芯片140的截止电压，以提高电池142满充时实际的电池电压。也就是说，截止电压具有多个不同的值。其中，在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，截止电压为初始电压。这里的初始电压的值可以等于相关技术中截止电压的值。
充电芯片140内还设有第一电压阈值。电量计143工作时，每间隔第三预设时长检测一次电池电压，并将检测的电池电压输出至充电芯片140。在此，充电芯片140接收电量计143检测的电池电压后，若确定电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压。其中，第一电压阈值的取值范围是：第一电压阈值大于或等于初始电压与充电芯片140的采样误差之差，且第一电压阈值小于或等于初始电压与充电芯片140的采样误差之和。第一电压阈值小于第二电压阈值。在一些具体的实施例中，第一电压阈值等于初始电压。
预设电压是充电芯片140内预设的一个电压值。例如，预设电压可以是5mV、7.5mV或10mV。预设电压的大小取决于充电芯片140的规格。将截止电压增大预设电压是指：将当前的截止电压增大预设电压得到一个新的截止电压。例如，若当前的截止电压是初始电压，则将初始电压与预设电压之和作为新的截止电压。
S120，在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，则在电池142的恒压充电过程中保持截止电压不变。
第一预设时长可以是1S到5S的任意时长，例如，第一预设时长可以是1S、2S、3S、4S或5S。充电芯片140内还设有第二电压阈值。第二电压阈值大于第一电压阈值，且第二电压阈值小于或等于电池142的额定电压与电量计143的采样误差之差。在一些具体的实施例中，第二电压阈值等于电池142的额定电压与电量计143的采样误差之差。
也就是说，在步骤S110中将截止电压增大预设电压之后，充电芯片140需要先等待第一预设时长，然后再将电量计143检测的电池电压与第一电压阈值、第二电压阈值作对比。若电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，则根据调整后的截止电压(即步骤S110中增大预设电压后的截止电压)对电池142进行充电。
可以理解的，在步骤S110中将截止电压增大预设电压之前，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于截止电压。在步骤S110中将截止电压增大预设电压之后，充电芯片140检测的电池电压则小于截止电压。此时，充电芯片140继续对电池142进行充电，实际的电池电压上升，直至充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于增大预设电压后的截止电压。充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于增大预设电压后的截止电压后，实际的电池电压再次稳定。基于此，第一预设时长应满足如下条件：若从将截止电压增大预设电压开始到充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于增大预设电压后的截止电压所需的时长为第 四预设时长，则第一预设时长应大于或等于第四预设时长。例如，若将截止电压增大预设电压之后的1S后充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于增大预设电压后的截止电压，则第一预设时长应大于或等于1S。
在本申请实施例中，在电池142的恒压充电过程中，充电芯片140可以根据采样误差较小的电量计143所检测的电池电压来调整截止电压。电池142在进入恒压充电阶段时，截止电压为初始电压。这种情况下，若电量计143检测到的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则表明实际的电池电压较小。此时，充电芯片140将截止电压增大预设电压，即将截止电压调大。截止电压调大后，实际的电池电压会发生变化。在截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于增大预设电压后的截止电压。此时，若电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，表明实际的电池电压较大，则在电池142的恒压充电过程中保持截止电压不变。也就是说，此时根据调大后的截止电压对电池142进行恒压充电。在此过程中，由于将截止电压调大，且电量计143检测的电池电压误差较小，因此电池142满充时实际的电池电压的最小值和最大值都会增大，这可以提高电池142满充时实际的电池电压，从而提高电池142满充时的实际容量。
下面通过举例对步骤S110和S120进行说明。
以电池142的额定电压为4450mV，充电芯片140的采样误差为20mV，电量计143的采样误差为7.5mV，初始电压为4430mV，预设电压为10mV为例，则有：第一电压阈值的取值范围为[4410mV，4450mV]，第二电压阈值大于第一电压阈值，且第二电压阈值小于或等于4442.5mV。在这一实施例中，以第一电压阈值为4430mV，第二电压阈值为4442.5mV为例。
步骤S110具体为：在电池142进入恒压充电阶段后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于4430mV，则将截止电压增大10mV。
具体来说，图8是本申请实施例提供的一种电压曲线图，其中纵坐标为充电芯片140检测的电池电压。如图8所示，在T1时刻，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于截止电压(此时的截止电压为初始电压，即4430mV)，电池142进入恒压充电阶段。然而，在初始电压为4430mV的情况下，基于充电芯片140具有20mV的采样误差，则电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，实际的电池电压最小为4410mV，最大为4450mV。这种情况下，充电芯片140判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否小于或等于4430mV。在电量计143检测的电池电压等于4430mV的情况下，基于电量计143具有7.5mV的采样误差，实际的电池电压最小为4422.5mV，最大为4437.5mV。由此可见，若电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于4430mV，则表明实际的电池电压最大为4437.5mV，最小为4410mV。这种情况下，说明实际的电池电压较小，因此将截止电压增大10mV，以增大实际的电池电压。在图8所示的实施例中，在T2时刻将截止电压增大10mV，增大后的截止电压为4440mV。
步骤S120具体为：在将截止电压增大10mV后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于4430mV且小于或等于4442.5mV，则将截止电压保持为4440mV。
具体来说，在图8所示的实施例中，在T3时刻，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等 于4440mV。因此，第一预设时长应大于或等于T2时刻至T3时刻的时长。截止电压为4440mV时，基于充电芯片140具有20mV的采样误差，实际的电池电压最小为4420mV，最大为4460mV。
在这一步骤中，若电量计143检测的电池电压等于4430mV，则表明实际的电池电压最小为4422.5mV，最大为4437.5mV。因此，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于4430mV，则表明实际的电池电压大于4422.5mV。同样的，若电量计143检测的电池电压等于4442.5mV，则表明实际的电池电压最小为4435mV，最大为4450mV。由此可见，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于4430mV且小于或等于4442.5mV，则实际的电池电压大于4422.5mV，且最大为4450mV。
也就是说，在这一实施例中，在将截止电压增大10mV之前，实际的电池电压最大为4437.5mV，最小为4410mV；在将截止电压增大10mV之后，实际的电池电压最大为4450mV，且大于4422.5mV。因此，通过本申请实施例提供的充电方法，可以提高电池142满充时实际的电池电压，从而提高电池142满充时的实际容量。
下面从两种不同的情况对本申请实施例提供的充电方法进行进一步的拓展。
一、在第一种情况下，截止电压可以增大多个预设电压。
在一些实施例中，充电方法还可以包括步骤S001，在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时令M等于0。
这种情况下，步骤S110具体可以是：在电池142的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，且M等于0，则将截止电压增大预设电压，且令M＝M+1。
此外，充电方法还可以包括如下步骤S130和S140。
S130，在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，且M小于第一预设阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压，且令M＝M+1。
S140，在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，且M大于或等于第一预设阈值，则将截止电压设置为初始电压。
步骤S130、S140和S120是三种并列的情况，区别在于：在步骤S120中，是在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值的情况；而在步骤S130和S140中，则是在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压仍小于或等于第一电压阈值的情况。这种情况下，表明在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，实际的电池电压仍较小。此时，若同时判断得到M小于第一预设阈值(即步骤S130)，则将截止电压增大预设电压，且令M＝M+1。若判断得到M大于或等于第一预设阈值(即步骤S140)，则将截止电压设置为初始电压。
可以理解的是，在这一实施例中，步骤S130是可以循环多次执行以多次增大预设电压的。其中，M可以用于表征截止电压增大预设电压的次数。第一预设阈值为大于或等于2的整数，例如，第一预设阈值为2、3或4。第一预设阈值用于表征截止电压 增大预设电压的门限次数。
具体来说，以第一预设阈值为3为例，在步骤S110中，截止电压第一次增大了预设电压，M＝1。若将截止电压第一次增大了预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压仍小于或等于第一电压阈值，且此时M＝1＜3，则将截止电压第二次增大预设电压，且令M＝2(即第一次执行步骤S130)。若将截止电压第二次增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压仍小于或等于第一电压阈值，且此时M＝2＜3，则将截止电压第三次增大预设电压，且令M＝3(即第二次执行步骤S130)。若将截止电压第三次增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压仍小于或等于第一电压阈值，且此时M＝3，则将截止电压设置为初始电压(即执行步骤S140)。
在这一实施例中，截止电压可以增大多个预设电压，从而提高电池142满充时实际的电池电压，提高电池142满充时的实际容量。另外，可以通过调整第一预设阈值，防止截止电压增大预设电压的次数过多而导致电池142过充。同时，当截止电压增大预设电压的次数达到门限次数时，若电量计143检测的电池电压仍小于或等于第一电压阈值，则表明该过程可能发生错误，此时，直接将截止电压设置为初始电压。如此，可以提高电池142的充电安全性。
图9是本申请实施例提供的另一种充电方法的流程图，其包含了步骤S110至S140的全部内容。下面结合图9，通过举例对本申请实施例提供的充电方法进行说明。
以电池142的额定电压为4450mV，充电芯片140的采样误差为20mV，电量计143的采样误差为7.5mV，初始电压为4430mV，预设电压为10mV，第一电压阈值为4430mV，第二电压阈值为4442.5mV，第一预设阈值为3为例，充电方法可以包括步骤S1至S9。
S1，在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，令M＝0。
图9是本申请实施例提供的另一种电压曲线图，其中纵坐标为充电芯片140检测的电池电压。如图9所示，在T1时刻，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于截止电压(此时的截止电压为初始电压，即4430mV)，电池142进入恒压充电阶段。此时，令M＝0。
在初始电压为4430mV的情况下，基于充电芯片140具有20mV的采样误差，则电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，实际的电池电压最小为4410mV，最大为4450mV。
S2，判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于第一电压阈值。
判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于4430mV。若步骤S2的判断结果为否，即电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于4430mV，则执行步骤S3。
在电量计143检测的电池电压等于4430mV的情况下，基于电量计143具有7.5mV的采样误差，实际的电池电压最小为4422.5mV，最大为4437.5mV。由此可见，若电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于4430mV，则表明实际的电池电压最大为4437.5mV，最小为4410mV。
S3，截止电压增大预设电压，且令M＝M+1。
在图10所示的实施例中，在T2时刻将截止电压增大预设电压(即10mV)，增大后的截止电压为4440mV，此时M＝1。
S4，等待第一预设时长。
在图10所示的实施例中，在T3时刻，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于4440mV。因此，第一预设时长应大于或等于T2时刻至T3时刻的时长。
在充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于4440mV的情况下，基于充电芯片140具有20mV的采样误差，则实际的电池电压最小为4420mV，最大为4460mV。
S5，判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于第一电压阈值。
再次判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于4430mV。若步骤S5的判断结果为否，即电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于4430mV，则执行步骤S7。
在电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于4430mV的情况下，则表明实际的电池电压最大为4437.5mV，最小为4420mV。
S7，判断M是否小于第一预设阈值。
判断M是否小于3。由步骤S2可知，此时M＝1，因此步骤S7的判断结果为是。这种情况下，返回执行步骤S3。
步骤S3至S5的第一次循环：在图10所示的实施例中，在T4时刻再次执行步骤S3，此时截止电压为4450mV，M＝2。根据步骤S4、S5可知，在T5时刻，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于4450mV。实际的电池电压最小为4430mV，最大为4470mV。此时，再次判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于4430mV。在电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于4430mV的情况下，则表明实际的电池电压最大为4437.5mV，最小为4430mV。此时，根据步骤S7再次判断M是否小于3，由于M＝2，因此判断结果为是，这种情况下，再次返回执行步骤S3。
步骤S3至S5的第二次循环：再次执行步骤S3(未在图10中示出)后，截止电压为4460mV，M＝3。基于此，再次等待第一预设时长后，实际的电池电压最小为4440mV，最大为4480mV。此时，再次判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于4430mV。在电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于4430mV的情况下，则表明实际的电池电压最大为4437.5mV，最小为4430mV。这种情况下，表明电量计143和充电芯片140至少一个故障。此时，根据步骤S7再次判断M是否小于3，由于M＝3，因此判断结果为否，这种情况下，执行步骤S9。在其他一些实施例中，在步骤S7后执行步骤S9时，充电芯片140还可以向电子设备10的处理器110输出故障信号。处理器110在接收故障信号后，通过电子设备10的显示屏显示故障信息。故障信息用于提示用于电子设备10的充电过程发生错误。
S9，将截止电压设置为初始电压。
也就是说，当截止电压增大预设电压的次数达到门限次数时，若电量计143检测的电池电压仍小于或等于第一电压阈值，则表明该过程可能发生错误(电量计143或充电芯片140故障)，此时，为充电安全考虑，放弃对截止电压的调整，将截止电压设置为初始电压4430mV。
在步骤S5中，若步骤S5的判断结果为是，即电量计143检测的电池电压大于4430mV，则执行步骤S6。其中，电量计143检测的电池电压大于4430mV，则表明实际的电池电压大于4422.5mV。
S6，判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否小于或等于第二电压阈值。
判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否小于或等于4442.5mV。若电量计143检测的 电池电压等于4442.5mV，则表明实际的电池电压最小为4435mV，最大为4450mV。由此可见，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于4430mV且小于或等于4442.5mV，则实际的电池电压大于4422.5mV，且最大为4450mV。这种情况下，提高了电池142满充时实际的电池电压，且不会造成电池142过充，因此可以执行步骤S8。
S8，根据调整后的截止电压对电池142进行充电。
也就是说，当某一次将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若电量计143检测的电池电压大于4430mV且小于或等于4442.5mV，则按调整后的截止电压对电池142进行充电。
二、在第二种情况下，截止电压可以减小预设电压。
在一些实施例中，在步骤S110之后，充电方法还可以包括如下步骤S150和S160。
S150，在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且大于第二电压阈值，则将截止电压减小预设电压。
步骤S150是与步骤S120并列的情况，区别在于：在步骤S120中，是在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值的情况；而在步骤S150中，是在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，电量计143检测的电池电压大于第二电压阈值的情况。可以理解的，在截止电压减小后，充电芯片140输出至电池142的电流减小，实际的电池电压就会下降。
S160，在将截止电压减小预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，则在电池142的恒压充电过程中保持截止电压不变。
在本申请实施例中，当电量计143检测的电池电压大于第二电压阈值时，表明实际的电池电压过大。这种情况下，可以将截止电压减小预设电压以减小实际的电池电压，从而使电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值。也就是说，在本申请中，只有在截止电压调整后电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，才会根据调整后的截止电压对电池142进行充电。如此，即可提高电池142满充时实际的电池电压，提高电池142满充时的实际容量，又能够提高电池142的充电安全性。
下面通过举例对步骤S150和S160进行说明。
以电池142的额定电压为4450mV，充电芯片140的采样误差为20mV，电量计143的采样误差为7.5mV，初始电压为4430mV，预设电压为10mV，第一电压阈值为4430mV，第二电压阈值为4442.5mV为例，则：在步骤S110中将截止电压增大预设电压后，截止电压为4440mV。
步骤S150具体为：在将截止电压增大10mV后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于4442.5mV，则将截止电压减小10mV。
具体来说，图11是本申请实施例提供的又一种电压曲线图，其中纵坐标为充电芯片140检测的电池电压。如图11所示，步骤S110中在T2时刻将截止电压增大10mV， 增大后的截止电压为4440mV。在T3时刻，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于4440mV。这种情况下，在T3时刻后，基于充电芯片140具有20mV的采样误差，实际的电池电压最小为4420mV，最大为4460mV。
在这一步骤中，若电量计143检测的电池电压为第二电压阈值，即4442.5mV，则表明实际的电池电压最小为4435mV，最大为4450mV。因此，若电量计143检测的电池电压大于4442.5mV，则表明实际的电池电压可能大于4450mV，这种情况下电池142过充，具有安全隐患。因此，需要将截止电压减小10mV。在图8所示的实施例中，在T6时刻，将截止电压减小10mV，减小后的截止电压为4430mV。在T7时刻，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于4430mV。第一预设时长大于或等于T6时刻至T7时刻的时长。
在这一可能的情况中，截止电压也可以减小多个预设电压。下面对此进行具体描述。
在一些实施例中，充电方法还可以包括步骤S002，在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时令N等于0。
这种情况下，步骤S150具体可以是：在将截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且大于第二电压阈值，且N等于0，则将截止电压减小预设电压，且令N＝N+1。
此外，充电方法还可以包括如下步骤S170和S180。
S170，在将截止电压减小预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且大于第二电压阈值，且N小于第二预设阈值，则将截止电压减小预设电压，且令N＝N+1。
S180，在将截止电压减小预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且大于第二电压阈值，且N大于或等于第二预设阈值，则将截止电压设置为初始电压。
步骤S170和步骤S180是并列的两种情况。可以理解的是，在这一实施例中，步骤S170是可以循环多次执行以多次减小预设电压的。其中，N可以用于表征截止电压减小预设电压的次数。第二预设阈值为大于或等于2的整数，例如，第二预设阈值为2、3或4。第二预设值用于表征截止电压减小预设电压的门限次数。
具体来说，以第二预设阈值为3为例，在步骤S150中，截止电压第一次减小了预设电压，N＝1。若将截止电压第一次减小了预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压仍大于第二电压阈值，且此时N＝1＜3，则将截止电压第二次减小预设电压，且令N＝2(即第一次执行步骤S170)。若将截止电压第二次减小预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压仍大于第二电压阈值，且此时N＝2＜3，则将截止电压第三次减小预设电压，且令N＝3(即第二次执行步骤S170)。若将截止电压第三次减小预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压仍大于第二电压阈值，且此时M＝3，则将截止电压设置为初始电压(即执行步骤S180)。
在这一实施例中，截止电压可以减小多个预设电压，从而防止电池142过充。另外，可以通过调整第一预设阈值，防止截止电压减小预设电压的次数过多导致实际的 电池电压过小。同时，当截止电压减小预设电压的次数达到门限次数时，电量计143检测的电池电压仍大于第二电压阈值，则表明该过程可能发生错误，此时，直接将截止电压设置为初始电压。如此，可以提高电池142的充电安全性。
图12是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电方法的流程图，其包含了步骤S110至S180的全部内容。在图12所示的实施例中，步骤S2至步骤S9与图9所示相同，不再赘述。区别于图9所示实施例的是：在图12所示的实施例中，将步骤S1替换为步骤S1A，并新增了步骤S10和S11。
S1A，在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，令M＝0，且令N＝0。
也就是说，在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，令M和N均为0。在这一实施例中，步骤S3至步骤S5也可以循环若干次，直至步骤S5的判断结果为是。之后，若步骤S6的判断结果为否，(仍旧以步骤S1至S9中的数值为例)则实际的电池电压可能大于4450mV。这种情况下，电池142过充。此时，执行步骤S10。
S10，截止电压减小预设电压，且令N＝N+1。
假设执行步骤S6时，M＝2，即截止电压两次增大了预设电压，截止电压为4450mV，且步骤S6的判断结果为否。那么则有：步骤S10执行后，截止电压为4440mV，N＝1。
S11，判断N是否小于第二预设阈值。
判断N是否小于3。由步骤S10可知，此时N＝1，因此步骤S11的判断结果为是。这种情况下，返回执行步骤S4至S6。
步骤S4至S6的第一次循环：充电芯片140的截止电压为4440mV，则实际的电池电压最小为4420mV，最大为4460mV。此时，再次执行步骤S5和S6。若步骤S6的判断结果为否，则再次执行步骤S10，有：截止电压为4430mV，N＝2。再次执行步骤S11，由于N＝2，因此判断结果为是，这种情况下，再次返回执行步骤S4至S6。
步骤S4至S6的第二次循环：充电芯片140的截止电压为4430mV，则实际的电池电压最小为4410mV，最大为4450mV。此时，再次执行步骤S5和S6。若步骤S6的判断结果为否，则再次执行步骤S10，有：截止电压为4420mV，N＝3。再次执行步骤S11，由于N＝3，因此判断结果为否，这种情况下，执行步骤S9。在其他一些实施例中，在步骤S11后执行步骤S9时，充电芯片140也可以向电子设备10的处理器110输出故障信号。
可以理解的是，在本申请实施例中，第一预设阈值和第二预设阈值可以根据初始电压、预设电压、第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值进行调整。
在一些实施例中，充电方法还可以包括步骤S190，在电池142的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压设置为初始电压。
步骤S190与步骤S110是并列的两种情况。也就是说，在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，若电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值，则表明实际的电池电压较大。此时，不调节截止电压，以保证电池142的充电安全性。
仍旧以电池142的额定电压为4450mV，充电芯片140的采样误差为20mV，电量计143的采样误差为7.5mV，初始电压为4430mV，预设电压为10mV，第一电压阈值 为4430mV，第二电压阈值为4442.5mV为例，则：在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，若电量计143检测的电池电压大于4430mV，则表明实际的电池电压大于4422.5mV。这种情况下，说明实际的电池电压较大，出于安全问题考虑，不增大截止电压。
在一些实施例中，本申请的充电方法，在步骤S110之前还可以包括步骤S210，充电芯片140周期性检测电池142是否进入恒压充电阶段。
具体来说，如前所述，步骤S110及之后的步骤是在电池142进入恒压充电阶段后执行的。因此，在执行步骤S110之前，充电芯片140可以周期性检测电池142是否进入恒压充电阶段。例如，充电芯片140可以通过检测电池电压是否等于截止电压来确定是否进入恒压充电阶段。或者，充电芯片140也可以通过读取其寄存器中存储的信息，以确定是否进入恒压充电阶段。若电池142进入恒压充电阶段，则执行步骤S110至S190。这里的周期性检测电池142是否进入恒压充电阶段可以是每间隔第二预设时长检测一次电池142是否进入恒压充电阶段。第二预设时长可以是5S到30S的任意时间。例如，第二预设时长可以是5S、10S、15S、20S、25S或30S。
在一些实施例中，本申请的充电方法，还可以包括步骤S240，充电结束后，将截止电压设置为初始电压。
具体来说，如前所述，本申请实施例的发明思路在于通过调整充电芯片140的截止电压，以提高电池142满充时实际的电池电压。另外，在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，截止电压为初始电压。因此，为使本申请的充电方法顺利实施，充电芯片可以在充电结束后将截止电压设置为初始电压。这里的充电结束是指电子设备10与充电器20断开连接，即充电芯片140不再输入电能。在其他一些实施例中，步骤S240也可以在电子设备10开始充电时执行。即在电子设备10与充电器20连接，充电芯片140开始输入电能时将截止电压为初始电压。
在一些实施例中，本申请的充电方法，在步骤S110之前还可以包括步骤S220，充电芯片140周期性检测电池142的充电电流。
具体来说，在执行步骤S110之前，充电芯片140可以周期性检测充电芯片140输出至电池142的充电电流。若充电电流在预设电流范围内，则执行步骤S110至S190。这里的周期性检测电池142的充电电流可以是每间隔第二预设时长检测一次电池142的充电电流，也可以是每间隔其他预设时长检测一次电池142的充电电流。
由图3可知，在恒压充电阶段，充电芯片140输出至电池142的充电电流是不断下降的。由于充电电流越大，电池142特性导致的电池电压浮动越大，采样越不准确，因此在本申请实施例中，可以在充电电流小于一定电流阈值时再执行步骤S110。预设电流范围的最小值应大于截止电流。
在一些实施例中，本申请的充电方法，在步骤S110之前还可以包括如下步骤S232、S234和S236。
S232，充电芯片140在电池142进入恒压充电阶段后检测电池142的温度。
S234，若电池142的温度在预设温度范围内，则充电芯片140执行在电池142的恒压充电过程中，若充电芯片140确定电量计143检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将截止电压增大预设电压的步骤及后续步骤。
S236，若电池142的温度不在预设温度范围内，则充电芯片140将截止电压设置 为初始电压。
步骤S232在步骤S110之前执行。也就是说，在恒压充电阶段，充电芯片140需要先检测电池142的温度。若电池142的温度在预设温度范围内，则充电芯片140执行步骤S110及后续步骤。若电池142的温度不在预设温度范围内，则充电芯片140将截止电压设置为初始电压，以保证电池142的充电安全性。在一些实施例中，预设温度范围的最小值可以是0℃(摄氏度)到20℃的任意值，预设温度范围的最大值可以是40℃到60℃的任意值。在一些具体的实施例中，预设温度范围为10℃到45℃。
下面结合附图，从一个具体实施方式的五种不同情况，对本申请实施例提供的充电方法进行详细的解释说明。
图13是本申请实施例提供的又一种充电方法的流程图。如图13所示，充电方法可以包括如下步骤S12至S15、S1A至S11，以及S16。
S12，是否进入恒压充电阶段。
充电芯片140检测电池142是否进入恒压充电阶段。若步骤S12的判断结果为否，则执行步骤S13。若步骤S12的判断结果为是，则执行步骤S14。
S13，等待第二预设时长。
步骤S13结束后返回执行步骤S12。也即，若未进入恒压充电阶段，则充电芯片140周期性(每间隔第二预设时长为一个周期)检测电池142是否进入恒压充电阶段。
S14，充电电流是否在预设范围内。
充电芯片140检测输出至电池142的充电电流是否在预设范围内。若步骤S14的判断结果为否，则执行步骤S13。也即，充电芯片140周期性(每间隔第二预设时长为一个周期)检测电池142的充电电流，直至充电电流在预设电流范围内。
若步骤S14的判断结果为是，则执行步骤S15。
S15，电池142的温度是否在预设温度范围内。
充电芯片140检测电池142的温度。若电池142的温度在预设温度范围内，则执行步骤S1A。若电池142的温度不在预设温度范围内，则退出该充电方法，并执行步骤S9。
S1A，在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时，令M＝0，且令N＝0。
可以理解的，步骤S1A中的“在电池142进入恒压充电阶段时”用于限定步骤S1A位于步骤S2之前。在一些实施例中，令M＝0，且令N＝0的步骤可以与步骤S14同时执行。在另一些实施例中，令M＝0，且令N＝0的步骤也可以在步骤S15之后，且在步骤S2之前执行。
S2，判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于第一电压阈值。
充电芯片140判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于预设的第一电压阈值。若步骤S2的判断结果为是，则执行步骤S9。若步骤S2的判断结果为否，则执行步骤S3。
S3，截止电压增大预设电压，且令M＝M+1。
S4，等待第一预设时长。
S5，判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于第一电压阈值。
在截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，再次判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否大于第一电压阈值。若步骤S5的判断结果为是，则执行步骤S6。若步骤S5的判断结果为否，则执行步骤S7。
S6，判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否小于或等于第二电压阈值。
在截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，在电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值的情况下，还需判断电量计143检测的电池电压是否小于或等于第二电压阈值。若步骤S6的判断结果为是，则执行步骤S8。若步骤S6的判断结果为否，则执行步骤S10。
S8，根据调整后的截止电压对电池142进行充电。
也就是说，当某一次调整截止电压后的第一预设时长后，在电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值的情况下，则按该调整后的截止电压对电池142进行充电。
S7，判断M是否小于第一预设阈值。
若步骤S7的判断结果为是，则返回执行步骤S3。若步骤S7的判断结果为否，则执行步骤S9。
S10，截止电压减小预设电压，且令N＝N+1。
S11，判断N是否小于第二预设阈值。
若步骤S11的判断结果为是，则返回执行步骤S4。若步骤S11的判断结果为否，则执行步骤S9。
S9，将截止电压设置为初始电压。
S16，充电结束后，将截止电压设置为初始电压。
下面通过举例，对这一具体实施方式中存在的五种可能的情况分别予以说明。在下述五种可能的情况中，电池142的额定电压为4450mV，充电芯片140的采样误差为20mV，电量计143的采样误差为7.5mV，初始电压为4430mV，预设电压为10mV，第一电压阈值为4430mV，第二电压阈值为4442.5mV，第一预设阈值和第二预设阈值均为3。在下述五种可能的情况中，步骤S12、步骤S14和步骤S15的判断结果均为是，因此，对下述五种可能的情况的描述均从步骤S1A开始。
(1)第一种可能的情况
在电池进入恒压充电阶段时，充电芯片140令M和N均等于0。此时，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4435mV，大于4430mV，因此步骤S2的判断结果为是。这种情况下，直接根据初始电压对电池142进行恒压充电。也就是说，截止电压为4430mV。
在这一可能的情况中，基于电量计143具有7.5mV的采样误差，实际的电池电压最小为4427.5mV，最大为4442.5mV。
(2)第二种可能的情况
在电池进入恒压充电阶段时，充电芯片140令M和N均等于0。此时，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4415mV，小于4430mV，因此步骤S2的判断结果为否。这种情况下，截止电压增大10mV，且M＝M+1。此时，截止电压调整为4440mV，且M＝1。
等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4440mV，大于4430mV且小于4442.5mV，因此步骤S5和步骤S6的判断结果均为是。这种情况下，根据调整后的截止电压对电池142进行恒压充电。也就是说，截止电压为4440mV。
在这一可能的情况中，在截止电压调整之前，基于电量计143具有7.5mV的采样误差，实际的电池电压最小为4410mV，最大为4422.5mV。在截止电压调整之后，实际的电池电压最小为4432.5mV，最大为4447.5mV。由此可见，提高了电池142满充时实际的电池电压，从而提高电池142满充时的实际容量。
(3)第三种可能的情况
在电池进入恒压充电阶段时，充电芯片140令M和N均等于0。此时，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4415mV，小于4430mV，因此步骤S2的判断结果为否。这种情况下，截止电压增大10mV，且M＝M+1。此时，截止电压调整为4440mV，且M＝1。
等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4445mV，大于4430mV且大于4442.5mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为是，步骤S6的判断结果为否。这种情况下，截止电压减小10mV，且N＝N+1。此时，截止电压调整为4430mV，且N＝1。
由于N＝1，因此步骤S11的判断结果为是，返回执行步骤S4。等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4435mV，大于4430mV且小于4442.5mV，因此步骤S5和步骤S6的判断结果均为是。这种情况下，根据最后调整得到的截止电压对电池142进行恒压充电。也就是说，截止电压为4430mV。
在这一可能的情况中，在截止电压调整之前，基于电量计143具有7.5mV的采样误差，实际的电池电压最小为4410mV，最大为4422.5mV。在截止电压调整之后，实际的电池电压最小为4427.5mV，最大为4442.5mV。由此可见，提高了电池142满充时实际的电池电压，从而提高电池142满充时的实际容量。
(4)第四种可能的情况
在电池进入恒压充电阶段时，充电芯片140令M和N均等于0。此时，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4415mV，小于4430mV，因此步骤S2的判断结果为否。这种情况下，截止电压增大10mV，且M＝M+1。此时，截止电压调整为4440mV，且M＝1。
等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4445mV，大于4430mV且大于4442.5mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为是，步骤S6的判断结果为否。这种情况下，截止电压减小10mV，且N＝N+1。此时，截止电压调整为4430mV，且N＝1。
由于N＝1，因此步骤S11的判断结果为是，返回执行步骤S4。等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4420mV，小于4430mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为否，执行步骤S7。由于M＝1，因此步骤S7的判断结果为是，返回执行步骤S3。这种情况下，截止电压增大10mV，且M＝M+1。此时，截止电压调整为4440mV，且M＝2。
等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4448mV， 大于4430mV且大于4442.5mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为是，步骤S6的判断结果为否。这种情况下，截止电压减小10mV，且N＝N+1。此时，截止电压调整为4430mV，且N＝2。
由于N＝2，因此步骤S11的判断结果为是，返回执行步骤S4。等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4418mV，小于4430mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为否，执行步骤S7。由于M＝2，因此步骤S7的判断结果为是，返回执行步骤S3。这种情况下，截止电压增大10mV，且M＝M+1。此时，截止电压调整为4440mV，且M＝3。
等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4445mV，大于4430mV且大于4442.5mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为是，步骤S6的判断结果为否。这种情况下，截止电压减小10mV，且N＝N+1。此时，截止电压调整为4430mV，且N＝3。
由于N＝3，因此步骤S11的判断结果为否，此时执行步骤S9，将截止电压设置为初始电压，即4430mV，并据此对电池142进行充电。
(5)第五种可能的情况
在电池进入恒压充电阶段时，充电芯片140令M和N均等于0。此时，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4415mV，小于4430mV，因此步骤S2的判断结果为否。这种情况下，截止电压增大10mV，且M＝M+1。此时，截止电压调整为4440mV，且M＝1。
等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4445mV，大于4430mV且大于4442.5mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为是，步骤S6的判断结果为否。这种情况下，截止电压减小10mV，且N＝N+1。此时，截止电压调整为4430mV，且N＝1。
由于N＝1，因此步骤S11的判断结果为是，返回执行步骤S4。等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4420mV，小于4430mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为否，执行步骤S7。由于M＝1，因此步骤S7的判断结果为是，返回执行步骤S3。这种情况下，截止电压增大10mV，且M＝M+1。此时，截止电压调整为4440mV，且M＝2。
等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4422mV，小于4430mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为否，执行步骤S7。由于M＝2，因此步骤S7的判断结果为是，返回执行步骤S3。这种情况下，截止电压增大10mV，且M＝M+1。此时，截止电压调整为4450mV，且M＝3。
等待第一预设时长后，充电芯片140接收的电量计143检测的电池电压为4430mV，因此步骤S5的判断结果为否，执行步骤S7。由于M＝3，因此步骤S7的判断结果为否，此时执行步骤S9，将截止电压设置为初始电压，即4430mV，并据此对电池142进行充电。
在本申请实施例中，“电量计143检测的电池电压”一词仅用于限定该电池电压是由电量计143检测并传输至充电芯片140的。可以理解的是，电量计143检测的电池电压可以是一个电压值，也可以是多个电压值的平均值。
本申请实施例提供的充电方法至少具有如下有益效果：(1)在电池142的恒压充电过程中，充电芯片140可以根据采样误差较小的电量计143所检测的电池电压来调整截止电压。电池142在进入恒压充电阶段时，截止电压为初始电压。这种情况下，若电量计143检测到的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则表明实际的电池电压较小。此时，充电芯片140将截止电压增大预设电压，即将截止电压调大。截止电压调大后，实际的电池电压会发生变化。在截止电压增大预设电压后的第一预设时长后，充电芯片140检测的电池电压等于增大预设电压后的截止电压。此时，若电量计143检测的电池电压大于第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，表明实际的电池电压较大，则在电池142的恒压充电过程中保持截止电压不变。也就是说，此时根据调大后的截止电压对电池142进行恒压充电。在此过程中，由于将截止电压调大，且电量计143检测的电池电压误差较小，因此电池142满充时实际的电池电压的最小值和最大值都会增大，这可以提高电池142满充时实际的电池电压，从而提高电池142满充时的实际容量。(2)截止电压可以增大多个预设电压，从而提高电池142满充时实际的电池电压，提高电池142满充时的实际容量。另外，可以通过调整第一预设阈值，防止截止电压增大预设电压的次数过多而导致电池142过充。同时，当截止电压增大预设电压的次数达到门限次数时，若电量计143检测的电池电压仍小于或等于第一电压阈值，则表明该过程可能发生错误，此时，直接将截止电压设置为初始电压。如此，可以提高电池142的充电安全性。(3)截止电压可以减小多个预设电压，从而防止电池142过充。另外，可以通过调整第一预设阈值，防止截止电压减小预设电压的次数过多导致实际的电池电压过小。同时，当截止电压减小预设电压的次数达到门限次数时，电量计143检测的电池电压仍大于第二电压阈值，则表明该过程可能发生错误，此时，直接将截止电压设置为初始电压。如此，可以提高电池142的充电安全性。
本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，包括电池142、充电芯片140以及电量计143。其中，充电芯片140包括存储器、处理器以及存储在存储器中并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上述任意一个实施例中的充电方法。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意结合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络或其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，比如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(比如：同轴电缆、光纤、数据用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL))或无线(比如：红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质，或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(比如：软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(比如：数字通用光盘(Digital Versatile Disc， DVD))或半导体介质(比如：固态硬盘(Solid State Disk，SSD))等。
以上所述为本申请提供的可选实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的揭露的技术范围之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种充电方法，其特征在于，应用于电子设备中的充电芯片，所述充电芯片在所述充电芯片检测的电池电压等于截止电压时对所述电池进行恒压充电，所述电子设备还包括电量计，所述电量计检测电池电压的采样误差小于所述充电芯片检测电池电压的采样误差，所述方法包括：
    在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将所述截止电压增大预设电压；
    在将所述截止电压增大所述预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压大于所述第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，则在所述电池的恒压充电过程中保持所述截止电压不变。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述电池进入恒压充电阶段时令M等于0；
    所述在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将所述截止电压增大预设电压，包括：
    在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于所述第一电压阈值，且所述M等于0，则将所述截止电压增大所述预设电压，且令M＝M+1。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在将所述截止电压增大所述预设电压后的所述第一预设时长后，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于所述第一电压阈值，且所述M小于第一预设阈值，则将所述截止电压增大所述预设电压，且令M＝M+1，所述第一预设阈值为大于或等于2的整数。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述截止电压在所述电池进入所述恒压充电阶段时为初始电压，所述方法还包括：
    在将所述截止电压增大所述预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于所述第一电压阈值，且所述M大于或等于第一预设阈值，则将所述截止电压设置为所述初始电压，所述第一预设阈值为大于或等于2的整数。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任意一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在将所述截止电压增大所述预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压大于所述第一电压阈值且大于所述第二电压阈值，则将所述截止电压减小所述预设电压；
    在将所述截止电压减小所述预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压大于所述第一电压阈值且小于或等于第二电压阈值，则在所述电池的恒压充电过程中保持所述截止电压不变。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述电池进入恒压充电阶段时令N等于0；
    所述在将所述截止电压增大所述预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压大于所述第一电压阈值且大于所述第二电压阈值，则将所述截止电压减小所述预设电压，包括：
    在将所述截止电压增大所述预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若确定所述电量计检测的 电池电压大于所述第一电压阈值且大于所述第二电压阈值，且所述N等于0，则将所述截止电压减小所述预设电压，且令N＝N+1。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在将所述截止电压减小所述预设电压后的所述第一预设时长后，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压大于所述第一电压阈值且大于所述第二电压阈值，且所述N小于第二预设阈值，则将所述截止电压减小所述预设电压，且令N＝N+1，所述第二预设阈值为大于或等于2的整数。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述截止电压在所述电池进入所述恒压充电阶段时为初始电压，所述方法还包括：
    在将所述截止电压减小所述预设电压后的第一预设时长后，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压大于所述第一电压阈值且大于所述第二电压阈值，且所述N大于或等于第二预设阈值，则将所述截止电压设置为所述初始电压，所述第二预设阈值为大于或等于2的整数。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述截止电压在所述电池进入恒压充电阶段时为初始电压，所述方法还包括：
    在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压大于所述第一电压阈值，则将所述截止电压设置为所述初始电压。
  10. 如权利要求1至9任意一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述截止电压在所述电池进入恒压充电阶段时为初始电压，所述第一电压阈值大于或等于所述初始电压与所述充电芯片的采样误差之差，且所述第一电压阈值小于或等于所述初始电压与所述充电芯片的采样误差之和；
    所述第二电压阈值小于或等于所述电池的额定电压与所述电量计的采样误差之差。
  11. 如权利要求1至10任意一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将所述截止电压增大预设电压之前，还包括：
    周期性检测所述电池是否进入恒压充电阶段；
    若所述电池进入所述恒压充电阶段，则执行所述在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将所述截止电压增大预设电压的步骤及后续步骤。
  12. 如权利要求1至11任意一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将所述截止电压增大预设电压之前，还包括：
    周期性检测所述电池的充电电流；
    若所述充电电流在预设电流范围内，则执行所述在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将所述截止电压增大预设电压的步骤及后续步骤。
  13. 如权利要求1至12任意一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将所述截止电压增大预设电压之前，还包括：
    在所述电池进入恒压充电阶段后检测所述电池的温度；
    若所述电池的温度在预设温度范围内，则执行所述在所述电池的恒压充电过程中，若确定所述电量计检测的电池电压小于或等于第一电压阈值，则将所述截止电压增大预设电压的步骤及后续步骤。
  14. 如权利要求1至13任意一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述截止电压在所述电池进入恒压充电阶段时为初始电压，所述充电方法还包括：
    若停止对所述电池进行充电，则将所述截止电压设置为所述初始电压。
  15. 如权利要求1至14任意一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述充电芯片与所述电量计连接，以接收所述电量计发送的所述电量计检测的电池电压。
  16. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括电池、充电芯片以及电量计，所述充电芯片包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述电子设备执行时实现如权利要求1至15任意一项所述的充电方法。
PCT/CN2024/081775 2023-05-19 2024-03-14 充电方法及电子设备 Ceased WO2024239771A1 (zh)

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CN116914894A (zh) * 2023-09-12 2023-10-20 荣耀终端有限公司 截止电压的调整方法、电子设备及可读存储介质

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WO2017111238A1 (ko) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 삼성전자(주) 배터리 충전장치 및 그 충전 제어방법
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