WO2024239608A1 - 一种头颈部淋巴调控系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种头颈部淋巴调控系统及方法 Download PDF

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WO2024239608A1
WO2024239608A1 PCT/CN2023/137650 CN2023137650W WO2024239608A1 WO 2024239608 A1 WO2024239608 A1 WO 2024239608A1 CN 2023137650 W CN2023137650 W CN 2023137650W WO 2024239608 A1 WO2024239608 A1 WO 2024239608A1
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stimulation
information
lymphatic
head
neck
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French (fr)
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宋昊
赵若棋
王立平
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/01—Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/0205—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
    • A61B5/02055—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A61B5/33—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG] specially adapted for cooperation with other devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/369—Electroencephalography [EEG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/389—Electromyography [EMG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48—Other medical applications
    • A61B5/4836—Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/067—Radiation therapy using light using laser light
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N2005/065—Light sources therefor
    • A61N2005/0651—Diodes
    • A61N2005/0652—Arrays of diodes

Definitions

  • the lymphatic system maintains fluid balance and participates in immune responses.
  • the system specifically includes lymphatic vessels, lymphatic tissues, and lymphatic organs, of which lymphatic organs are composed of lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, and tonsils.
  • lymphatic organs are composed of lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, and tonsils.
  • the fluid in the lymphatic sinuses of the lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, lymph plays an important role.
  • lymphatic drainage techniques by deeply understanding the anatomy of the lymphatic system and combining them with clinical edema cases. This method can increase the speed of lymphatic return and thus reduce the degree of edema in patients. In addition to promoting lymphatic flow and improving circulation, lymphatic drainage can also enhance the activity and function of lymphocytes and improve the efficiency of the immune system.
  • lymphatic drainage has a significant effect on promoting apoptosis of tumor cells.
  • Akiko Iwasaki et al. found that lymphatic drainage driven by vascular endothelial growth factor C can promote the growth and expansion of lymphatic vessels around brain tumors, increase lymphatic drainage, and increase the degree of immune cell infiltration, thereby promoting the clearance of tumor cells and inhibiting the growth of tumor cells.
  • brain lymph is also related to Alzheimer's disease.
  • Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the massive deposition of toxic amyloid ⁇ (A ⁇ ) in the brain.
  • the current more effective treatment method is passive immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies against amyloid ⁇ .
  • Sandro Da Mesquita et al. discovered that meningeal lymphatic drainage plays a vital role in the clearance of deposits and anti-amyloid ⁇ immunotherapy. By activating the meningeal lymphatic vessels, the patient's response to immunotherapy can be enhanced and the efficacy can be improved.
  • a head lymphatic massager uses a drainage pump and an inflatable headgear to press and drain the lymphatic system in front of the ear, behind the ear and at the mandible, thereby promoting lymphatic flow.
  • this product also has obvious shortcomings: first, the air pump pressing method requires the inflatable headgear to contact the skin, which may cause discomfort to the user or increase the risk of infection.
  • the adaptability of the headgear is also a problem; secondly, the action position and depth of this stimulation method are relatively limited, so it can only act on part of the lymphatic tissue, resulting in poor drainage effect; finally, the operation of pressing with an air pump makes its time resolution and spatial resolution low, and it is impossible to accurately control the time or complete local lymphatic stimulation.
  • the basic idea of physical field regulation is to control brain neural activity by acting on brain neurons through non-invasive physical fields.
  • the main physical field regulation technologies include magnetic stimulation, ultrasonic stimulation, and electrical stimulation.
  • the stimulation can directly act on target cells, and the precise control of neuronal activity can be achieved by adjusting parameters; on the other hand, the technology has the characteristics of non-invasiveness, repeatability, and adjustability, avoiding the potential risks and adverse effects that may be brought about by traditional surgical treatments. Therefore, applying physical field regulation technology to the scene of lymphatic drainage can not only improve the adaptability of users and complete drainage in a safer and more comfortable way, but also improve the adjustability of stimulation parameters to achieve higher spatiotemporal resolution and precise stimulation effects.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and solve at least one defect in the above-mentioned background technology.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a head and neck lymphatic regulation system comprising: a detection module for collecting head and neck lymphatic imaging information; a data processing module for acquiring lymphatic distribution information based on the head and neck lymphatic imaging information; a control module for acquiring stimulation information based on the lymphatic distribution information, wherein the stimulation information includes infrared light stimulation selection and/or visible light stimulation selection; and a stimulation module for performing stimulation operations based on the stimulation information.
  • the head and neck lymphatic regulation system further includes an information feedback module that collects user feedback information and transmits it to the data processing module.
  • the data processing module includes: an image data processing unit, which processes the head and neck lymph image information; a feedback information processing unit, which processes the user feedback information; and a data integration unit, which integrates the information of the image data processing unit and the feedback information processing unit, and outputs data to the control module.
  • the image data processing unit performs image segmentation on the head and neck lymphatic image information to obtain the position, size, shape and number of the head and neck lymphatics.
  • the infrared light stimulation includes near-infrared light stimulation with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm; and the visible light stimulation includes red light stimulation with a wavelength of 622-760 nm and/or blue light stimulation with a wavelength of 450-490 nm.
  • the stimulation module is a light emitting diode array and/or a laser.
  • the stimulation information further includes ultrasound stimulation selection, and the stimulation module performs ultrasound stimulation according to the ultrasound stimulation selection.
  • the stimulation information further includes: stimulation intensity, stimulation frequency, stimulation duration, stimulation cycle, temperature and/or pulse width.
  • control module includes: a condition information processing unit, which identifies the user category through the user's condition information, and outputs the stimulation information to the stimulation module according to a mapping relationship between the user category and the stimulation information.
  • a second aspect of the present invention is a head and neck lymphatic regulation method, comprising: collecting head and neck lymphatic imaging information; obtaining lymphatic distribution information based on the head and neck lymphatic imaging information; obtaining stimulation information based on the lymphatic distribution information, the stimulation information including infrared light stimulation selection and/or visible light stimulation selection; and performing stimulation operations based on the stimulation information.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the head and neck lymphatic regulation system and method provided by the present invention utilizes photobiomodulation therapy to regulate the superficial lymph of the head and neck, thereby promoting lymphatic flow and improving circulation while enhancing the activity and function of lymphocytes and improving the efficiency of the immune system.
  • the head and neck lymphatic regulation system provided by the present invention is provided with a light stimulation device, which utilizes the easy-to-controllable range of the light source to improve the targeting of the stimulation to the action area, thereby improving the accuracy of lymphatic regulation.
  • the light stimulation devices such as light emitting diodes or lasers used in the head and neck lymphatic regulation system provided by the present invention are relatively simple, have low manufacturing costs, and are easy to use, making the system applicable to a wider range of scenarios and providing a new idea for the development of lymphatic regulation towards portability.
  • the head and neck lymphatic regulation system provided by the present invention is provided with a detection module and a data processing module.
  • a detection module By collecting lymphatic image information and performing image segmentation and other algorithm processing, distribution information with data such as lymphatic location, size, and dimensions is obtained, thereby improving the targeting, accuracy, and regulation effect of lymphatic regulation.
  • the head and neck lymphatic regulation system provided by the present invention is provided with a data integration unit in the data processing module, which integrates the lymphatic distribution information and user feedback information to make the best decision, outputs the stimulation mode and stimulation parameter information to the control module, and guides the execution of the subsequent stimulation module.
  • the head and neck lymphatic regulation system provided by the present invention is provided with a plurality of mode selection functions in the control module, and the appropriate stimulation mode is selected to perform stimulation according to individual needs, thereby improving the individual adaptability of the system.
  • FIG1 is a structural diagram of a head and neck lymphatic regulation system in an embodiment
  • FIG2 is a structural diagram of a data processing module in an embodiment
  • FIG3 is a structural diagram of a control module in an embodiment
  • FIG4 is a flow chart of a head and neck lymphatic regulation method in one embodiment.
  • the lymphatic stimulation area in the embodiment of the present application includes the superficial lymph of the head and neck, that is, the lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels mainly distributed in the superficial parts of the human body in the skin and subcutaneous tissue.
  • the interior of the lymph node is rich in lymphocytes and lymphatic tissues, and it is connected to multiple lymphatic vessels, and its position is relatively fixed.
  • the superficial lymph nodes of the head and neck involved in the embodiments of the present application are mainly divided into the following four areas: First, the submental lymph node group located at the junction of the mandible and the neck can be divided into two groups on the left and right, which is one of the largest lymph node groups in the head and neck lymphatic system; second, the pharyngeal lymph node group located in the anterior midline of the neck and distributed along the midline of the larynx and neck, which can be divided into annular retropharyngeal lymph nodes, sublaryngeal lymph nodes and lymph nodes at the tracheoesophageal junction, etc.; third, the lateral cervical lymph node group located on the side of the neck, including the upper cervical lymph nodes, posterior cervical lymph nodes, anterior cervical lymph nodes, posterior cervical triangle lymph nodes,
  • the superficial lymphatic vessels of the head and neck are mainly divided into the following four categories: one is the superficial lymphatic vessels of the face, which are located in the subcutaneous tissue of the face, distributed along the facial blood vessels, and converge into facial lymph nodes; the second is the superficial lymphatic vessels of the scalp, which are located in the subcutaneous tissue of the scalp, distributed along the scalp blood vessels, and converge into cervical lymph nodes; the third is the superficial lymphatic vessels of the pharynx, which are located in the submucosal tissue of the pharynx, distributed along the pharyngeal blood vessels, and converge into pharyngeal lymph nodes; the fourth is the superficial lymphatic vessels of the neck, which are located in the submucosal tissue of the neck, distributed along the pharyngeal blood vessels, and converge into cervical lymph nodes.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a head and neck lymphatic regulation system and method based on the distribution characteristics of human lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes.
  • the system and method achieve the regulation of superficial lymph in the head and neck by collecting and analyzing the lymphatic distribution in the target area, selecting appropriate stimulation modalities and corresponding parameters, and performing stimulation operations.
  • the setting of the light stimulation modality improves the accuracy of lymphatic regulation, reduces the cost of use, and expands the overall scope of application.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • this embodiment provides a head and neck lymphatic regulation system, including a detection module, a data processing module, a control module, a stimulation module, an information feedback module and a power management module.
  • the detection module is used to obtain the image information of lymphatic distribution and transmit the data to the data processing module.
  • the data processing module uses an algorithm to convert the data into various data of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, and converts them into appropriate stimulation modes and stimulation parameters through the control module, thereby producing a stimulation effect under the action of the stimulation module.
  • the information feedback module is an auxiliary module, which is used to feedback the user's subjective information and then fine-tune some stimulation parameters.
  • the power management module manages the power supply of the system to ensure the stable operation of the system.
  • the detection module in this embodiment uses ultrasound contrast imaging technologies such as B-mode ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound to collect superficial lymphatic imaging data of the head and neck.
  • data can also be obtained through methods such as electronic computer tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.
  • this module improves the accuracy of stimulating the target area, and on the other hand, it has good controllability and can flexibly control various parameters according to the target area, so that the system has higher safety and better stimulation effect.
  • the data processing module receives the information from the detection module and the information feedback module and performs calculation integration, and then transmits data to the control module.
  • the structure of this module is shown in Figure 2, which includes an image data processing unit, a feedback information processing unit, and a data integration unit.
  • the image data processing unit uses the acquired head and neck image information to calculate and analyze the position, size, shape, quantity, blood flow and other information of the lymph through image processing algorithms such as preprocessing and image segmentation of the microprocessor;
  • the feedback information processing unit uses the microcontroller to process and analyze according to the content of user feedback, and then obtains somatosensory information;
  • the data integration unit analyzes the information of the image data processing unit and the feedback information processing unit and integrates it to form a three-dimensional stimulation navigation image, and then adjusts the control module.
  • a human-computer interaction interface can be set to visualize the data results of the image data processing unit and the data integration unit to display the position, size, shape, quantity and other information of the user's lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, and then manually intervene in the data processing method.
  • the data processing module can specifically include one or more terminal devices.
  • the control module is the main control module of the system, which is used to receive information from the data processing module to adjust the stimulation parameters, and transmit the data to the stimulation module to realize the regulation of the superficial lymph of the head and neck by the physical field.
  • the structure of the control module is shown in Figure 3, including a microprocessor, an ultrasound control unit, an infrared control unit, a visible light control unit, and a human-computer interaction interface.
  • the microprocessor controls the corresponding ultrasound stimulation, infrared stimulation, and visible light stimulation according to the instructions output by the data processing module.
  • the control module can specifically include one or more terminal devices, and can also use one or more terminal devices together with the data processing module.
  • control module is equipped with a human-machine interactive interface, which assumes input functions such as input feedback information, so as to manually intervene in each control unit, and the intervention content includes mode selection and parameter setting, etc.
  • the intervention content includes mode selection and parameter setting, etc.
  • it may include but is not limited to infrared light stimulation mode, visible light stimulation mode and ultrasonic stimulation mode, as well as stimulation intensity, stimulation frequency, stimulation duration, stimulation cycle, temperature and light pulse width and other parameters.
  • control module may also be provided with a disease information processing unit, which collects the user's diagnosis report, medical history, physical examination report and other disease data and lymphatic information through an artificial interactive interface, and analyzes and processes them to determine the category to which the user belongs, and then realizes the automatic selection of stimulation modalities and stimulation parameters according to the mapping relationship between the user category and the stimulation, and guides the execution of subsequent stimulation modules.
  • the mapping relationship between the user category and the stimulation modality and parameters can be manually pre-set, or it can be determined after performing big data analysis on a large amount of disease data.
  • the weights of each data in the user's disease information may be different, and some data items that have a greater impact on health or safety have a greater weight. For example, if a user is allergic to infrared stimulation, the stimulation modality corresponding to the user can only be a visible light stimulation modality or an ultrasonic stimulation modality.
  • the stimulation module is used to generate non-invasive physical stimulation, and its target area is the superficial lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes in the head and neck or the superficial lymphatic system in other locations.
  • the stimulation module uses the physical field to stimulate its target location, specifically, it can use a light stimulation device or an ultrasonic stimulation device, or it can use a light stimulation device and an ultrasonic stimulation device at the same time.
  • different methods of stimulation can be performed separately, alternately, or simultaneously, for example, alternately applying light stimulation and ultrasonic stimulation to the user.
  • the light stimulation device in this embodiment uses a light emitting diode array and a laser.
  • Several light emitting diode arrays are closely arranged mainly according to the distribution of lymphatic vessels, and the laser mainly works in areas where lymph nodes are relatively rich.
  • the rest of the parts adopt a hollow or breathable design with good heat dissipation.
  • the distribution law of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes can also be followed so that the light emitting diode array completely covers the common lymphatic vessels and lymph node positions.
  • This method of lymphatic regulation using light stimulation has the characteristics of adjustable range of stimulation source, reduced volume, and simple device.
  • ultrasonic stimulation is also suitable for areas where lymph nodes are more concentrated.
  • the light stimulation device used for photobiomodulation therapy can output infrared light stimulation and/or visible light stimulation, such as near-infrared light with a wavelength of 800-1100nm, red light with a wavelength of 622-760nm, blue light with a wavelength of 450-490nm, etc.
  • lymphatic regulation effects can be produced, such as using the photothermal effect or photobiological effect produced by near-infrared light with a wavelength of 808nm to affect the morphology and function of lymphatic vessels, promote the proliferation and expansion of lymphatic endothelial cells, and thus promote lymphatic circulation and lymph clearance ability; using light with a wavelength of 600-850nm to act on intracellular pigment C oxidase, promote intracellular ATP generation, and improve cell activity; using light with a wavelength of 900-1100nm to act on calcium ion channels on the cell surface, promote calcium ion influx, and regulate cell electrical activity; using red light to increase blood flow, increase tissue metabolism, and promote the flow of lymph; using blue light to stimulate lymphatic endothelial cells, promote the flow of lymph, and improve anti-inflammatory effects; in addition, it can also promote lymphatic drainage through photothermal effects.
  • lymphatic regulation using light stimulation can promote lymphatic drainage, enhance lymphocyte activity and function, improve the efficiency of the immune system, improve individual health levels, and assist in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
  • ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 1-10 MHz can be selected for regulation based on their own acoustic effects and biological effects.
  • the stimulation module can be a wearable stimulation device of any shape, such as a flexible shell in the shape of a hat, to improve the user's comfort and experience during the regulation process.
  • a wearable stimulation device of any shape, such as a flexible shell in the shape of a hat, to improve the user's comfort and experience during the regulation process.
  • light-emitting diodes, lasers, or array element transducers can be assembled in a flexible shell to make it wearable.
  • the information feedback module can complete information feedback based on the subjective information of the user asked by professionals, such as stimulation intensity, heat, and whether there is discomfort and other physical sensations, in conjunction with the human-computer interaction interface.
  • this embodiment is also provided with an electrophysiological monitoring unit and a body temperature monitoring unit, and closed-loop information feedback is achieved with the help of modern medical means.
  • the electrophysiological monitoring unit is specifically an electroencephalogram monitoring device, an electrocardiogram monitoring device, an electromyography monitoring device, etc., such as a conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram and a multi-channel electroencephalogram.
  • Parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygen and blood oxygen saturation can also be calculated based on the electroencephalogram, electrocardiogram, electromyography, body temperature and other data fed back by the two monitoring units.
  • the user feedback information collected by the information feedback module is transmitted to the data processing module and the control module. On the one hand, it can be displayed through display devices such as display screens to timely understand the user's physiological state.
  • the stimulation parameters can be adjusted in real time according to the feedback parameters to improve the stimulation effect and achieve personalized stimulation.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • this embodiment provides a head and neck lymphatic regulation method, which is executed by the above-mentioned head and neck lymphatic regulation system, including S1, collecting head and neck lymphatic imaging information; S2, obtaining lymphatic distribution information based on the head and neck lymphatic imaging information; S3, obtaining stimulation information such as infrared light stimulation selection and/or visible light stimulation selection based on the lymphatic distribution information; S4, performing stimulation operations based on the stimulation information.
  • S1. collecting head and neck lymphatic imaging information refers to obtaining superficial lymphatic imaging data of the head and neck using ultrasound contrast imaging technology, electronic computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging technology, etc.
  • Acquiring lymphatic distribution information based on head and neck lymphatic imaging information refers to using the acquired head and neck imaging information to calculate and analyze various information such as the location, size, shape, quantity, blood flow, etc. of the lymph through an image processing algorithm of a microprocessor.
  • Acquiring stimulation information according to lymphatic distribution information means selecting appropriate stimulation modalities and stimulation parameters using the acquired location information, which may specifically include infrared light stimulation selection, visible light stimulation selection, and/or ultrasound stimulation selection, as well as stimulation intensity, stimulation frequency, stimulation duration, stimulation cycle, temperature, and/or pulse width.
  • Executing stimulation operation according to stimulation information refers to using light source or ultrasound to produce non-invasive physical stimulation to the target area.
  • Specific targets include superficial lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes in the head and neck or superficial lymphatic systems in other locations.
  • the head and neck lymphatic regulation method may also include S5, obtaining feedback parameters and adjusting the stimulation information in a closed loop according to the feedback parameters, specifically, obtaining feedback indicators by collecting user subjective reactions or using electrophysiological monitoring of user information and then adjusting the stimulation mode and stimulation parameters.
  • the present invention provides a head and neck lymphatic regulation system and method, which utilizes non-invasive external stimulation of light sources to regulate superficial brain lymph, promotes lymphatic drainage, enhances lymphocyte activity and function, improves immune system efficiency and improves individual health.
  • a head and neck lymphatic regulation system and method which utilizes non-invasive external stimulation of light sources to regulate superficial brain lymph, promotes lymphatic drainage, enhances lymphocyte activity and function, improves immune system efficiency and improves individual health.
  • the accuracy of lymphatic regulation is improved, the cost of use is reduced, and the scope of application of the system is expanded.

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Abstract

一种头颈部淋巴调控系统及方法。系统包括检测模块、数据处理模块、控制模块以及刺激模块，其中刺激模块利用光源的无创外部刺激调控大脑浅层淋巴，促进了淋巴引流，增强了淋巴细胞活性和功能。此外，利用光源作用范围易控制、设备简单的特点，提高了淋巴调控的精确度，降低了使用成本，扩大了系统适用范围。

Description

一种头颈部淋巴调控系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及神经调控技术领域，具体涉及一种头颈部淋巴调控系统及方法。
 背景技术
淋巴系统作为人体免疫系统的重要组成部分，具有维持体液平衡、参与免疫应答的作用。在解剖学中，该系统具体包括淋巴管道、淋巴组织和淋巴器官，其中淋巴器官由淋巴结、胸腺、脾脏和扁桃体等组成。为协助静脉回流并参与免疫过程，位于淋巴管道和淋巴结的淋巴窦内的液体——淋巴担任了重要的角色。
有研究人员通过深入了解淋巴系统解剖并结合临床水肿病例，总结出了淋巴引流手法，该方法可以提高淋巴回流速度，进而减轻患者水肿程度。除了促进淋巴流动、改善循环外，淋巴引流还可以增强淋巴细胞的活性和功能，提升免疫系统的效率。
2015年，弗吉尼亚大学医学院的研究者们发现，小鼠的大脑会通过淋巴管道与免疫系统直接联结，这一发现将淋巴系统与大脑运作机制以及脑部疾病联系在一起。进一步地，人们发现脑部淋巴引流在促进肿瘤细胞凋亡上具有显著效果。2020年，Akiko Iwasaki等人发现，利用血管内皮生长因子C驱动的淋巴引流可以促进脑肿瘤周围淋巴管的增长和扩张，使淋巴引流增多，免疫细胞浸润程度增高，进而促进肿瘤细胞的清除并抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。除肿瘤相关的脑部淋巴引流研究外，有团队发现脑部淋巴与阿尔兹海默氏病也存在联系。作为痴呆症最普遍的病因，阿尔兹海默氏病的特征为有毒的淀粉样蛋白β（Amyloid β-protein，Aβ）在大脑中的大量沉积，目前较为有效的治疗方法是使用抗淀粉样蛋白β的单克隆抗体进行被动免疫治疗。2021年，Sandro Da Mesquita等人发现，脑膜淋巴管引流在沉积物的清除和抗淀粉样蛋白β的免疫治疗中起到了至关重要的作用，通过激活脑膜淋巴管可以增强患者对免疫治疗的响应，提高疗效。
因而，人们设计了一系列通过外界作用刺激头颈部淋巴的产品或方法，比如头部淋巴按摩仪。该按摩仪利用引流泵与充气头套对人体耳前、耳后和下颌处淋巴系统进行按压式引流，实现了促进淋巴流动的目的。但是，该产品也存在较为明显的不足：首先，采用气泵按压的方式需要使充气头套与皮肤相接触，可能会引起使用者的不适，或是增加感染风险，由于个体差异性，头套的适应性也是个问题；其次，这种刺激方法的作用位置和作用深度都比较受限，因而只能作用于部分淋巴组织，使得所达到的引流效果较差；最后，利用气泵进行按压的操作使得其时间分辨率和空间分辨率都较低，无法精准控制时间或是完成局部淋巴刺激。
针对以上容易引起人员不适、作用方式受限、时空分辨率低等问题，研究者开发了利用物理场调控淋巴的技术。作为一种新兴的神经科学技术，物理场调控的基本思想是通过非侵入性的物理场作用于大脑神经元，实现对大脑神经活动的控制。目前，主要的物理场调控技术包括磁刺激、超声波刺激、电刺激等，其优势一方面在于，刺激能够直接作用于靶点细胞，并且可以通过调节参数实现神经元活动的精确控制；另一方面在于，该技术具有非侵入性、可重复性和可调节性等特点，避免了传统手术等治疗方法可能带来的潜在风险和不良影响。因而，将物理场调控技术应用于淋巴引流的场景，不仅可以提高使用者的适应性，在更加安全和舒适的手段下完成引流，还可以提高刺激参数的可调性，达到更高的时空分辨率和精准的刺激效果。
 技术问题
目前，研究人员利用物理场进行淋巴调控的部位主要集中在四肢淋巴管处而非头颈部，这与头颈部淋巴调控机理复杂等原因相关，因此物理场调控技术受限于此，仅应用在特定淋巴位置。尽管有团队利用磁刺激和超声刺激实现了脑膜淋巴的物理场调控，但这类方法利用电磁线圈或是超声换能器等作为刺激源，其单一刺激源所调控的区域较大，使得淋巴调控的精准度较低。此外，利用刺激分布固定的仪器进行淋巴调控时，会受到不同个体间淋巴分布差异性的影响，进一步降低了调控精确度。与此同时，执行上述刺激的装置较为复杂，制造成本高、使用注意事项多的特点导致其适应场景较为狭窄，不能满足现有需求，亟待解决。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术不足，解决上述背景技术中的至少一种缺陷。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
本发明的第一方面，提供一种头颈部淋巴调控系统，包括：检测模块，采集头颈部淋巴影像信息；数据处理模块，根据所述头颈部淋巴影像信息获取淋巴分布信息；控制模块，根据所述淋巴分布信息获取刺激信息，所述刺激信息包括红外光刺激选择和/或可见光刺激选择；以及刺激模块，根据所述刺激信息执行刺激操作。
在一些实施例中，所述头颈部淋巴调控系统还包括信息反馈模块，采集用户反馈信息并传输至数据处理模块。
在一些实施例中，所述数据处理模块包括：影像数据处理单元，处理所述头颈部淋巴影像信息；反馈信息处理单元，处理所述用户反馈信息；以及数据整合单元，整合所述影像数据处理单元、所述反馈信息处理单元的信息，并向所述控制模块输出数据。
在一些实施例中，所述影像数据处理单元对所述头颈部淋巴影像信息进行图像分割，获取头颈部淋巴的位置、尺寸、形状和数量。
在一些实施例中，所述红外光刺激包括波长为800-1100nm的近红外光刺激；以及所述可见光刺激包括波长为622-760nm的红光刺激和/或波长为450-490nm的蓝光刺激。
在一些实施例中，所述刺激模块为发光二极管阵列和/或激光器。
在一些实施例中，所述刺激信息还包括超声刺激选择，所述刺激模块根据所述超声刺激选择执行超声刺激。
在一些实施例中，所述刺激信息还包括：刺激强度、刺激频率、刺激持续时间、刺激周期、温度和/或脉冲宽度。
在一些实施例中，所述控制模块包括：病情信息处理单元，通过用户病情信息识别用户类别，并根据所述用户类别与所述刺激信息之间的映射关系，向所述刺激模块输出所述刺激信息。
本发明的第二方面，一种头颈部淋巴调控方法，包括：采集头颈部淋巴影像信息；根据所述头颈部淋巴影像信息获取淋巴分布信息；根据所述淋巴分布信息获取刺激信息，所述刺激信息包括红外光刺激选择和/或可见光刺激选择；以及根据所述刺激信息执行刺激操作。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是，
（1）本发明所提供的头颈部淋巴调控系统及方法利用光生物调节疗法调控头颈部浅层淋巴，在促进淋巴流动、改善循环的同时，增强了淋巴细胞的活性和功能，提升了免疫系统的效率。
（2）本发明所提供的头颈部淋巴调控系统设置有光刺激装置，利用光源作用范围易控制的特点，提高了刺激对作用区域的靶向性，进而提升了淋巴调控的精确度。
（3）本发明所提供的头颈部淋巴调控系统采用的发光二极管或是激光器等光刺激装置较为简单，制造成本低，使用简便，使得系统具有更广的适用场景，为淋巴调控朝便携式发展提供了新思路。
（4）本发明所提供的头颈部淋巴调控系统设置有检测模块和数据处理模块，通过采集淋巴影像信息并对其进行图像分割等算法处理得到具有淋巴位置、大小、尺寸等数据的分布信息，进而提高淋巴调控的靶向性、精确度以及调控效果。
（5）本发明所提供的头颈部淋巴调控系统在数据处理模块设置有数据整合单元，该单元对淋巴分布信息和用户反馈信息进行整合，以作出最优决策，向控制模块输出刺激模态和刺激参数信息，指导后续刺激模块的执行。
（6）本发明所提供的头颈部淋巴调控系统在控制模块设置有多种模态选择功能，根据个体需求差异选择合适的刺激模态以执行刺激，提高了系统的个体适应性。
 附图说明
图1为一种实施例中的头颈部淋巴调控系统结构图；
图2为一种实施例中的数据处理模块结构图；
图3为一种实施例中的控制模块结构图；
图4为一种实施例中的头颈部淋巴调控方法流程图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明，应该指出，以下详细说明都是示例性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
本申请实施例中的淋巴刺激区域包括头颈部浅层淋巴，即主要分布于皮肤和皮下组织的人体表浅部位的淋巴结和淋巴管。
作为淋巴系统的重要组成部分，淋巴结的内部有丰富的淋巴细胞和淋巴组织，同时与多条淋巴管相连，位置也相对固定。本申请实施例所涉及的头颈部浅层淋巴结主要分为以下四个区域：其一，位于下颌骨和颈部交界处的颏下淋巴结组，可分为左右两组，是头颈部淋巴系统中最大的淋巴结群之一；其二，位于颈部前中线且沿喉部和颈部正中线分布的咽喉淋巴结组，可分为环状咽后淋巴结、喉下淋巴结和气管食管分界处淋巴结等；其三，位于颈部侧面的颈侧淋巴结组，包括上颈淋巴结、后颈淋巴结、前颈淋巴结、颈后三角淋巴结等；其四，位于头部侧面和后面的头部淋巴结组，包括耳后淋巴结、枕部淋巴结、前额淋巴结等。
相应地，头颈部浅层淋巴管主要分为以下四类：一是面部浅层淋巴管，其位于面部皮肤下组织中，沿面部血管分布，汇聚成面部淋巴结；二是头皮浅层淋巴管，其位于头皮下组织中，沿头皮血管分布，汇聚成颈部淋巴结；三是咽部浅层淋巴管，其位于咽部黏膜下组织中，沿咽部血管分布，汇聚成咽部淋巴结；四是颈部浅层淋巴管，其位于颈部皮肤和筋膜下组织中，沿颈部血管分布，汇聚成颈部淋巴结。
本申请实施例基于人体淋巴管和淋巴结分布特点，提供一种头颈部淋巴调控系统及方法。该系统及方法通过采集并分析目标区域的淋巴分布情况，选择合适的刺激模态和相应参数并执行刺激操作，实现了头颈部浅层淋巴的调控。此外，光刺激模态的设置提高了淋巴调控的精确度，降低了使用成本，扩大了整体的适用范围。
实施例1：
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种头颈部淋巴调控系统，包括检测模块、数据处理模块、控制模块、刺激模块、信息反馈模块和电源管理模块。
其中，检测模块用于获取淋巴分布的影像信息并将数据传输到数据处理模块，数据处理模块使用算法将数据转化为淋巴管和淋巴结的各项数据，并通过控制模块转化为适当的刺激模态和刺激参数，进而在刺激模块的作用下产生刺激效果。信息反馈模块为辅助模块，用于反馈用户主观信息，进而对部分刺激参数进行微调，电源管理模块则对系统的电源进行管理，以保证系统的稳定运行。
具体地，本实施例中的检测模块采用了B型超声、彩色多普勒超声等超声造影成像技术进行检测，以采集头颈部浅层淋巴影像数据，此外也可以通过电子计算机断层扫描、核磁共振成像技术等方法获取数据。该模块一方面提高了刺激靶向目标区域的精确性，另一方面具有良好的可控制性，可以根据目标区域灵活控制各项参数，使得系统具有更高的安全性和更好的刺激效果。
数据处理模块接收检测模块和信息反馈模块的信息并进行计算整合，进而向控制模块传输数据。该模块的结构如图2所示，包括影像数据处理单元、反馈信息处理单元以及数据整合单元。其中，影像数据处理单元利用获取的头颈部影像信息，通过微处理器的预处理、图像分割等图像处理算法计算分析出淋巴的位置、尺寸、形状、数量、血流等各项信息；反馈信息处理单元根据用户反馈的内容，利用微控制器处理分析，进而得到体感等信息；数据整合单元分析影像数据处理单元和反馈信息处理单元的信息并进行整合，形成三维刺激导航图像，进而调整控制模块。此外，还可以设置人机交互界面，将影像数据处理单元和数据整合单元的数据结果可视化，以展示用户淋巴管与淋巴结的位置、尺寸、形状、数量等信息，进而人为干预数据处理方式。与此同时，数据处理模块具体可以包括一台或多台终端设备。
控制模块是系统的主控模块，用于接收数据处理模块的信息以调节刺激参数，并将数据传递到刺激模块实现物理场对头颈部浅层淋巴的调控。控制模块的结构如图3所示，包括微处理器、超声控制单元、红外控制单元、可见光控制单元以及人机交互界面等。微处理器根据数据处理模块输出的指令分别控制对应的超声刺激、红外刺激和可见光刺激。此外，控制模块具体可以包括一台或多台终端设备，也可以与数据处理模块共同利用一台或多台终端设备。
与此同时，控制模块设置有人机交互界面，承担了输入反馈信息等输入功能，以对各控制单元进行人工干预，干预内容包括模态选择和参数设定等。具体可以包括但不限于红外光刺激模态、可见光刺激模态和超声刺激模态等，以及刺激强度、刺激频率、刺激持续时间、刺激周期、温度和光脉冲宽度等参数。
进一步地，控制模块还可设置病情信息处理单元，该单元通过人工交互界面收集用户的诊断报告、病历和体检报告等病情数据和淋巴信息，并对其进行分析处理，确定用户所属类别，进而根据用户类别和刺激之间的映射关系，实现刺激模态和刺激参数的自动选择，指导后续刺激模块的执行。其中，用户类别与刺激模态及参数之间的映射关系可以是人为预先设定的，也可以是通过对大量病情数据进行大数据分析后确定的。需要说明的是，用户病情信息中的各项数据的权重可以不一样，一些对健康或安全影响较大的数据项的权重较大，例如，某个用户对红外刺激过敏，则该用户对应的刺激模态只能是可见光刺激模态或超声刺激模态。
刺激模块用于产生非侵入式物理刺激，其靶点区域为头颈部浅层淋巴管及淋巴结或其他位置的浅层淋巴系统。刺激模块利用物理场对其目标位置进行刺激，具体可采用光刺激装置或超声刺激装置，也可同时采用光刺激装置和超声刺激装置。除了可以采用多种方式进行刺激外，选用多种模态时，不同方式的刺激可以单独进行，也可以交替进行或同时进行，例如，交替对用户施加光刺激和超声刺激。
具体来讲，不同刺激装置所靶向的主要区域可有所差别。本实施例中的光刺激装置采用了发光二极管阵列和激光器，若干发光二极管阵列主要依据淋巴管分布位置紧密排列，激光器则主要在淋巴结比较富集的区域发挥作用，其余部分采用散热良好的镂空或透气设计。除此外，也可遵循淋巴管与淋巴结的分布规律，使得发光二极管阵列完全覆盖常见淋巴管与淋巴结位置等。这种利用光刺激进行淋巴调控的方式具有刺激源作用范围可调、体积减小、装置简单等特点，一方面提高了刺激对作用区域的靶向性，提升了淋巴调控的精确度，另一方面降低了制造成本，提高了使用便捷性，使得系统具有更广的适用场景，展现出了朝向便携式设备发展的潜力。同时，与激光器的分布类似，超声刺激同样适用于淋巴结较为集中的区域。
此外，用于光生物调节疗法的光刺激装置可以输出红外光刺激和/或可见光刺激，如波长为800-1100nm的近红外光、波长为622-760nm的红光、波长为450-490nm的蓝光等。在其作用下可以产生多种淋巴调控效果，比如利用波长为808nm的近红外光所产生的光热效应或光生物效应影响淋巴管的形态和功能，促进淋巴管内皮细胞的增殖和扩张，从而促进淋巴循环和淋巴液清除能力；利用波长为600-850nm的光作用于细胞内色素C氧化酶，促进细胞内ATP生成，提高细胞活性；利用波长为900-1100nm的光作用于细胞表面的钙离子通道，促进钙离子内流，调节细胞电活动；利用红光提高血流量，增加组织代谢，促进淋巴液的流动；利用蓝光刺激淋巴管内皮细胞，促进淋巴液的流动，提高抗炎效果；此外，还可以通过光热效应促进淋巴引流等。因此，利用光刺激进行淋巴调控可以促进淋巴引流，增强淋巴细胞活性和功能，提升免疫系统效率，改善个体健康水平以及辅助治疗神经退行性疾病。采用超声刺激装置时，可依据其自身的声学效应和生物效应，选用频率为1-10MHz的超声波进行调控。
此外，刺激模块具体可以是形状任意的可穿戴式刺激装置，如帽子形状的柔性外壳等，以提高调控过程中用户的舒适度和体验度。具体应用时，可将发光二极管、激光器或是阵元换能器等装配在柔性外壳中，使其具备可穿戴的特点。
信息反馈模块可以基于专业人员在旁询问的用户主观信息，如刺激强度、热量以及是否存在不适等体感，配合人机交互界面完成信息反馈。但完全依靠用户主观感受可能出现误判的情况，因此本实施例还设置有电生理监测单元和体温监测单元，借助现代医学手段实现了闭环信息反馈。电生理监测单元具体为脑电监测设备、心电监测设备、肌电监测设备等，如常规12导联心电图、多通道脑电图。基于两监测单元所反馈的脑电、心电、肌电、体温等数据还可计算出心率、血氧和血氧饱和度等参数。将信息反馈模块采集的用户反馈信息传输至数据处理模块、控制模块，一方面可以通过显示屏等显示设备进行显示，及时了解用户的生理状态，另一方面可以根据反馈参数实时调整刺激参数，提高刺激效果，实现个性化刺激。
实施例2：
如图4所示，本实施例提供一种头颈部淋巴调控方法，该方法由上述头颈部淋巴调控系统执行，包括S1、采集头颈部淋巴影像信息；S2、根据头颈部淋巴影像信息获取淋巴分布信息；S3、根据淋巴分布信息获取红外光刺激选择和/或可见光刺激选择等刺激信息；S4、根据刺激信息执行刺激操作。
具体地，S1、采集头颈部淋巴影像信息是指利用超声造影成像技术、电子计算机断层扫描、核磁共振成像技术等获取头颈部浅层淋巴影像数据。
S2、根据头颈部淋巴影像信息获取淋巴分布信息是指利用获取的头颈部影像信息，通过微处理器的图像处理算法计算分析出淋巴的位置、尺寸、形状、数量、血流等各项信息。
S3、根据淋巴分布信息获取刺激信息是指利用获取的位置信息选择合适的刺激模态和刺激参数。具体可以为红外光刺激选择、可见光刺激选择和/或超声刺激选择等，以及刺激强度、刺激频率、刺激持续时间、刺激周期、温度和/或脉冲宽度等参数选择。
S4、根据刺激信息执行刺激操作是指利用光源或超声波对目标区域产生非侵入式的物理刺激，具体靶点包括头颈部浅层淋巴管及淋巴结或其他位置的浅层淋巴系统。
进一步地，头颈部淋巴调控方法还可以包括S5、获取反馈参数并根据反馈参数闭环调节刺激信息，具体是指通过采集用户主观反应或是利用电生理监测用户信息，获得反馈指标进而调节刺激模态和刺激参数。
综上所述，本发明提供一种头颈部淋巴调控系统及方法，利用光源的无创外部刺激调控大脑浅层淋巴，促进了淋巴引流，增强了淋巴细胞活性和功能，提升了免疫系统效率并改善了个体健康水平。此外，利用光源作用范围易控制、设备简单的特点，提高了淋巴调控的精确度，降低了使用成本，扩大了系统适用范围。
以上所述仅是本发明的一些实施方式。对于本领域技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种头颈部淋巴调控系统，其特征在于，包括：
    检测模块，采集头颈部淋巴影像信息；
    数据处理模块，根据所述头颈部淋巴影像信息获取淋巴分布信息；
    控制模块，根据所述淋巴分布信息获取刺激信息，所述刺激信息包括红外光刺激选择和/或可见光刺激选择；以及
    刺激模块，根据所述刺激信息执行刺激操作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的头颈部淋巴调控系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    信息反馈模块，采集用户反馈信息并传输至数据处理模块。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的头颈部淋巴调控系统，其特征在于，所述数据处理模块包括：
    影像数据处理单元，处理所述头颈部淋巴影像信息；
    反馈信息处理单元，处理所述用户反馈信息；以及
    数据整合单元，整合所述影像数据处理单元、所述反馈信息处理单元的信息，并向所述控制模块输出数据。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的头颈部淋巴调控系统，其特征在于，所述影像数据处理单元对所述头颈部淋巴影像信息进行图像分割，获取头颈部淋巴的位置、尺寸、形状和数量。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的头颈部淋巴调控系统，其特征在于，所述红外光刺激包括波长为800-1100nm的近红外光刺激；以及
    所述可见光刺激包括波长为622-760nm的红光刺激和/或波长为450-490nm的蓝光刺激。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的头颈部淋巴调控系统，其特征在于，所述刺激模块为发光二极管阵列和/或激光器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的头颈部淋巴调控系统，其特征在于，所述刺激信息还包括超声刺激选择，所述刺激模块根据所述超声刺激选择执行超声刺激。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的头颈部淋巴调控系统，其特征在于，所述刺激信息还包括：
    刺激强度、刺激频率、刺激持续时间、刺激周期、温度和/或脉冲宽度。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的头颈部淋巴调控系统，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括：
    病情信息处理单元，通过用户病情信息识别用户类别，并根据所述用户类别与所述刺激信息之间的映射关系，向所述刺激模块输出所述刺激信息。
  10. 一种头颈部淋巴调控方法，其特征在于，包括：
    采集头颈部淋巴影像信息；
    根据所述头颈部淋巴影像信息获取淋巴分布信息；
    根据所述淋巴分布信息获取刺激信息，所述刺激信息包括红外光刺激选择和/或可见光刺激选择；以及
    根据所述刺激信息执行刺激操作。
PCT/CN2023/137650 2023-05-19 2023-12-08 一种头颈部淋巴调控系统及方法 Ceased WO2024239608A1 (zh)

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