WO2024232135A1 - 発電構造体 - Google Patents

発電構造体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024232135A1
WO2024232135A1 PCT/JP2024/004401 JP2024004401W WO2024232135A1 WO 2024232135 A1 WO2024232135 A1 WO 2024232135A1 JP 2024004401 W JP2024004401 W JP 2024004401W WO 2024232135 A1 WO2024232135 A1 WO 2024232135A1
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Prior art keywords
charged body
power generating
friction
fibers
generating structure
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PCT/JP2024/004401
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
伸弥 小西
貴志 立石
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2025519320A priority Critical patent/JPWO2024232135A1/ja
Publication of WO2024232135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024232135A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
    • H02N1/04—Friction generators

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a power generation structure.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a triboelectric nanogenerator that collects mechanical energy from liquid.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a triboelectric nanogenerator in which highly dielectric nanoparticles are contained in a PDMS film.
  • Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a linear grating triboelectric generator based on slide charging.
  • the friction-type generators described in the above-mentioned prior art documents generate electricity by creating a potential difference on the surface of a charged body through friction.
  • the friction-type generators described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 can obtain predetermined electrical characteristics, there is room for further improvement to improve the electrical characteristics.
  • the present disclosure therefore aims to provide a power generation structure with improved electrical characteristics.
  • the power generating structure of the present disclosure comprises: A charged body made of high dielectric constant fibers having a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more; a friction target body that generates electric power when rubbed against the charged body;
  • the present invention comprises:
  • the present disclosure makes it possible to provide a power generating structure with improved electrical properties.
  • the dielectric constant of the charged body is 4.8 or more, which makes it easier to charge the charged body.
  • the friction area per unit displacement can be increased.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a power generating structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a power generating structure according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a modified example of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another modified example of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7A is an explanatory diagram for explaining the power generation by the power generating structure.
  • FIG. 7B is an explanatory diagram that illustrates the power generation by the power generating structure.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a power generating structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the dielectric constant of high dielectric fibers and the volume fraction of high di
  • Non-Patent Document 1 For example, Jie Chen et al. described in Non-Patent Document 1 added dielectric nanoparticles to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and contacted it with copper foil to generate a maximum generated voltage of 260 V and a current density of 6 ⁇ A/cm 2.
  • PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
  • Non-Patent Document 1 also discloses that the voltage and current density decrease when the amount of dielectric added exceeds a threshold. In other words, it was suggested that there is a technical limit to simply increasing the amount of added PDMS.
  • the current density output from the charged body was 0.08 ⁇ A/cm 2 .
  • Methods for improving electrical properties include, for example, selecting a material that provides appropriate charging properties and/or changing the shape of the charged body to increase the frictional area per unit of displacement.
  • one method for increasing the friction area per unit displacement is to change the plate-shaped charged body into a fiber-shaped charged body.
  • the charged body By making the charged body into a fiber shape, unevenness is generated on the fiber surface, and the contact area between the charged body and the friction target body that comes into contact with it can be increased.
  • the amount of ceramic nanoparticles added increases, the flexibility unique to the fiber is lost.
  • the inability to handle it as a fiber was an application problem.
  • the inventors of the present application attempted to solve the above problems by approaching them in a new direction, rather than by simply extending the conventional technology. As a result, they have come to disclose a power generation structure that achieves the above-mentioned main objective.
  • various numerical values may be accompanied by "about” or “approximately”, and the terms “about” and “approximately” mean that they may include a variation of a few percent, for example, ⁇ 10 percent, ⁇ 5 percent, ⁇ 3 percent, ⁇ 2 percent, and/or ⁇ 1 percent.
  • the power generating structure 1 of the present disclosure includes a charged body 10 and a friction target body 20 that generates electric power by rubbing against the charged body 10. Each of the components will be described in detail below.
  • the charged body 10 is made of high dielectric constant fibers with a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more.
  • fiber refers to a structural unit of thread, fabric, etc., and is intended to mean a long and slender material with a sufficient length compared to its thickness.
  • high dielectric constant refers to a material with a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more, and more preferably, a dielectric constant higher than that of resin (which has a general dielectric constant of about 1 to 10).
  • charged body refers not only to an object that is positively or negatively charged in advance, but also to a structure that is not positively or negatively charged in the initial state but can be positively or negatively charged by friction.
  • the charged body 10 is preferably a woven fabric structure, as shown in FIG. 1, which shows an example.
  • the weave is not particularly limited.
  • examples of the weave include three basic weaves such as plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave, alternating weaves, single double weaves such as warp double weave and weft double weave, complete double weave, and warp velvet.
  • FIG. 1, which shows an example shows an embodiment in which the weave of the woven fabric structure is a plain weave.
  • the high dielectric constant fiber used in the charged body 10 may be any material having a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more.
  • materials for the high dielectric constant fiber include ferroelectric materials such as BaTiO3 , PbTiO3 , K0.5Na0.5NbO3 , and Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 , and organic ferroelectric materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • ferroelectric materials such as BaTiO3 , PbTiO3 , K0.5Na0.5NbO3 , and Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3
  • organic ferroelectric materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • the material of the high dielectric constant fiber having a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more that constitutes the charged body may be, for example, BaTiO3 or polyvinyl butyral resin.
  • a powder of perovskite oxide containing Ba, Ti, and O with different crystal axis ratios (c/a axis ratio) is prepared.
  • the crystal axis ratio was found to be approximately 1.0087.
  • the above-mentioned perovskite oxide powder is mixed with a binder resin and an organic solvent to produce a ceramic paste.
  • a binder resin is a polyvinyl butyral-based binder resin.
  • An example of the organic solvent is toluene.
  • An additive e.g., a plasticizer may also be added when producing the ceramic paste.
  • the average particle size of the perovskite oxide powder may be approximately 50 nm or more and 150 nm or less.
  • 2 parts by weight or more and 90 parts by weight or less (1.3 parts by volume or more and 60 parts by volume or less) of the perovskite oxide, 10 parts by weight or more and 98 parts by weight or less (40 parts by volume or more and 98.7 parts by volume or less) of the polyvinyl butyral binder resin and plasticizer, and an organic solvent may be mixed together.
  • the ceramic paste can be prepared by dispersing this mixture using a ball mill.
  • the prepared ceramic paste is incorporated into a spinning device, and high dielectric constant fibers are produced through the nozzle of the spinning device.
  • the diameter of the high dielectric constant fibers is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less.
  • the high dielectric constant fiber described above is manufactured, the high dielectric constant fiber is plain woven.
  • both the warp and weft threads are high dielectric constant fibers with a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more.
  • the upper limit of the dielectric constant is preferably about 800. The measurement of the dielectric constant will be described in detail in the [Example] below.
  • the body to be Frictionalized 20 is a member that generates electric power by rubbing against the charged body 10.
  • the body to be Frictionalized 20 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 may be in the form of a plate.
  • the material of the body to be Frictionalized 20 may be any material, but it is preferable that the material has a work function different from the work function of the charged body 10 in order to generate a larger electric power by friction with the charged body 10. More preferably, when the work function of the charged body is large, the work function of the body to be Frictionalized is small, and when the work function of the charged body is large, the work function of the body to be Frictionalized is small. The greater the difference in work function between the charged body and the body to be Frictionalized, the better.
  • the friction target 20 may contain a metallic material. If the friction target 20 contains a metallic material, it can function as an electrode for extracting the electric power generated by friction with the charged body 10. Examples of metallic materials include Cu, Pt, Ni, Au, Ag, Fe, Al, and Ti.
  • the charged body 10 is made in the form of high dielectric constant fibers, so that the surface of the charged body 10 has unevenness (see FIG. 2) compared to a plate-like structure, making it possible to increase the contact area with the friction target body 20.
  • the contact area can be increased by about 1.7 times compared to a plate-like structure.
  • the power generation mode sliding mode
  • the power generation mode sliding mode
  • the high dielectric constant fiber has a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more, the amount of electricity that can be stored in the charged body 10 can be increased. This allows for a power generation structure with improved electrical properties.
  • the structure of the charged body 10 can be specified more specifically, the contact area with the friction target body 20 can be increased, and the electrical characteristics can be further improved.
  • the fibers constituting the charged body 10 contain highly dielectric nanoparticles and an organic compound, and the volume fraction of the highly dielectric nanoparticles may be greater than 0% and less than 60% of the entire charged body.
  • the aspect ratio (fiber diameter:fiber length) of the fibers that make up the charged body 10 is preferably 1:5 or more. More specifically, it is preferable that the fiber diameter/fiber length is 0.2 or less. In short, the longer the fiber length, the better. By using such fibers, handling is improved and the woven structure can be properly manufactured.
  • both the warp and weft threads used in the charged body 10 are described as high dielectric constant fibers with a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more.
  • one of the warp and weft threads used in the charged body 10 may be a fiber containing a metal material, and the other may be a high dielectric fiber with a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more.
  • different materials may be used for the warp and weft threads used in the charged body 10.
  • the body to be frictionalized 20 in this embodiment may be made of fibers. More specifically, it may be in the form of a woven fabric.
  • the weave of the body to be frictionalized 20 is not particularly limited, and may be the same weave as that of the charged body 10, or may be a weave different from that of the charged body 10. In Fig. 3 showing an example, both the body to be frictionalized 20 and the charged body 10 are shown as plain weaves.
  • the material of the friction object 20 may be metallic or non-metallic, so long as it has a work function different from that of the material of the charged body 10.
  • the friction object 20 may be made of metal fibers, and the metal fibers may be used as a woven fabric.
  • both the friction body 20 and the charged body 10 contain fibers, and uneven surfaces are generated on both (see Figure 4), so the contact area between the friction body 20 and the charged body 10 can be further increased. Therefore, the electrical properties of the power generation structure 1 can be further improved.
  • the friction target 20 may be a structure in which resin fibers 20a are coated with a metal.
  • the resin fibers may be bundled to form threads, and the threads may be coated with metal fibers.
  • the resin fibers include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyester terephthalate.
  • the metal that coats the resin fibers but examples of the metal include Cu, Pt, Ni, Au, Ag, Fe, Al, and Ti.
  • the work function and/or dielectric constant of the friction body 20 can be appropriately designed, and the electrical characteristics of the power generation structure 1 can be further improved.
  • the friction target 20 may be a structure in which metal fibers are coated with resin, with the same effect being obtained.
  • the charged body 10 side may be a structure in which metal fibers are coated with resin, or a structure in which resin fibers are coated with metal.
  • the charged body 10 may have either the warp threads 11 or the weft threads 12 made of fibers containing a metal material, and the other made of highly dielectric fibers having a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more.
  • the friction target body 20 may have either the warp threads 21 or the weft threads 22 made of fibers containing a metal material, and the other made of fibers containing a resin.
  • the fibers containing a metal material of the charged body 10 and the fibers containing a metal material of the friction target body 20 may be arranged so as to be alternately arranged.
  • alternate refers to a structure in which the warp threads 11 of the charged body 10 and the weft threads 22 of the frictional body 20 periodically approach and move away from each other when the charged body 10 and the frictional body 20 are placed opposite each other. From another perspective, it refers to a structure in which, when the charged body 10 (or the frictional body 20) is displaced horizontally (in the case of power generation in sliding mode), as the warp threads 11 of the charged body 10 move away from the weft threads 22 of the frictional body 20, the warp threads 11 of the charged body 10 move closer to the warp threads 21 of the frictional body 20.
  • FIG. 8 A third embodiment of the power generation structure of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 8.
  • the third embodiment differs from the power generation structures of the first and second embodiments in that an electrode 30 is disposed so as to sandwich the charged body 10 and the friction target body 20.
  • the electrode 30 functions as an electrode for extracting the electricity generated by friction.
  • Examples of the electrode 30 include Cu, Pt, Ni, Au, Ag, Fe, Al, and Ti. According to the power generating structure of the third embodiment, the electrode 30 that sandwiches the charged body 10 and the frictioned body 20 can appropriately extract the electricity generated by friction.
  • Charged body of measurement sample 1 Perovskite-type oxide: 0 parts by weight, polyvinyl butyral-based binder resin and plasticizer: 100 parts by weight
  • Charged body of measurement sample 2 Perovskite-type oxide: 16 parts by weight, polyvinyl butyral-based binder resin and plasticizer: 84 parts by weight
  • Charged body of measurement sample 3 Perovskite-type oxide: 24 parts by weight, polyvinyl butyral-based binder resin and plasticizer: 76 parts by weight
  • Charged body of measurement sample 4 Perovskite-type oxide: 35 parts by weight, polyvinyl butyral-based binder resin and plasticizer: 65 parts by weight
  • Charged body of measurement sample 5 Perovskite-type oxide: 45 parts by weight, polyvinyl butyral-based binder resin and plasticizer: 55 parts by weight
  • the dielectric constant of the measurement sample was evaluated.
  • the dielectric constant was evaluated by applying an AC voltage of 1 V, 1 kHz at room temperature (25°C) using an LCR meter (manufactured by Huwlett Packard, model number: 4284A) to measure the dielectric constant of the film.
  • the remanent polarization of the measurement sample was evaluated by measuring the P-E hysteresis loop with a ferroelectric evaluation device (manufactured by RADIANT, model number: Precision Premier II) and evaluating the remanent polarization ( ⁇ C/cm 2 ) when the electric field was 0 V/mm.
  • the above evaluation results showed that the dielectric constant of the measurement sample, in which the perovskite oxide content was greater than 0% and less than 60% on a total basis, was 4.8 or more.
  • the absolute value of the remanent polarization was found to be 0.6 ⁇ C/cm 2 or more.
  • Patent Document 1 when two copper electrodes are formed on the front and back surfaces of a charged body and a current is detected through these copper electrodes, it can be understood that the current density output from the charged body is 0.08 ⁇ A/cm 2. Also, according to the above-mentioned Non-Patent Document 1, when two copper electrodes are formed on the front and back surfaces of a charged body and a current is detected through these copper electrodes, it can be understood that the current density output from the charged body is 6.5 ⁇ A/cm 2 .
  • the current density of a power generation structure equipped with a charged body in which high dielectric constant fibers were produced by a spinning device from charged materials corresponding to the above-mentioned measurement samples 1 to 6 and the high dielectric constant fibers were plain woven was 84 ⁇ A/cm 2 in tapping mode.
  • the current density was calculated by dividing the generated current value by the apparent contact area between the "fibers made of high dielectric constant inorganic ceramics and resin and the cloth made of copper fibers plain woven."
  • Non-Patent Document 2 a structure is disclosed in which PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) is used as a first charged body, a copper electrode is formed on the back surface of the first charged body, and Al is used as a second charged body on the first charged body. It can be understood that the current density output from the structure described in Non-Patent Document 1 is 2.7 ⁇ A/ cm2 .
  • the current density of the power generation structure including the charging materials corresponding to the above-mentioned measurement samples 1 to 6 was 2872 ⁇ A/ cm2 in the sliding mode.
  • the current density was calculated by dividing the generated current value by the apparent contact area between the "fabric made of high dielectric constant inorganic ceramics and resin fibers and copper fibers plain woven.” Therefore, the power generation structure of the present disclosure achieved a current density 1000 times higher than that of the power generation structure described in Non-Patent Document 2.
  • the power generating structure of the present disclosure includes the following aspects. ⁇ 1> A charged body made of high dielectric constant fibers having a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more; a friction target body that generates electric power when rubbed against the charged body; A power generating structure comprising: ⁇ 2> The power generating structure according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the charged body is a woven structure. ⁇ 3> The power generating structure according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the friction object comprises a metal material. ⁇ 4> The power generating structure according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the friction object is made of fiber.
  • ⁇ 5> The power generating structure according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the friction body is either a structure in which metal fibers are coated with resin or a structure in which resin fibers are coated with metal.
  • ⁇ 6> The power generating structure according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, wherein one of the warp threads and the weft threads of the charged body is a fiber containing a metal material, and the other is a high dielectric fiber having a dielectric constant of 4.8 or more.
  • the friction target body is a fiber in which one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns contains a metal material, and the other contains a resin
  • the power generating structure described in ⁇ 6> in which the friction object and the charged object face each other, fibers containing a metal material of the charged object and fibers containing a metal material of the friction object are arranged so as to be alternate with each other.
  • ⁇ 9> The power generating structure according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, wherein the fibers constituting the charged body contain highly dielectric nanoparticles and an organic compound, and the volume fraction of the highly dielectric nanoparticles is greater than 0% and less than 60% based on the entire charged body.
  • ⁇ 10> The power generating structure according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 9>, wherein the absolute value of the remanent polarization of the fibers constituting the charged body is 0.6 ⁇ C/ cm2 or more.
  • ⁇ 11> The power generating structure according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 10>, wherein the aspect ratio (fiber diameter:fiber length) of the fibers constituting the charged body is 1:5 or more.
  • the present disclosure can be used in a power generation structure capable of generating electricity. More specifically, it can be applied to the battery field. In particular, since there is no need to replace the battery to drive the device, it is expected to be useful in places where it is difficult to replace the battery. In addition, since it is possible to detect current and voltage, it can be applied to the sensor field for detecting mechanical force.
  • Reference Signs List 1 Power generating structure 10: Charged body 11: Warp thread 12: Weft thread 20: Friction subject body 20a: Resin fiber 21: Warp thread 22: Weft thread 30: Electrode

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PCT/JP2024/004401 2023-05-10 2024-02-08 発電構造体 Ceased WO2024232135A1 (ja)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5524030A (en) * 1978-08-09 1980-02-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Electrification preventive mat
JP2011015503A (ja) * 2009-06-30 2011-01-20 Toyota Boshoku Corp 発電マット
JP2016529868A (ja) * 2014-04-09 2016-09-23 ベイジン インスティテュート オブ ナノエナジー アンド ナノシステムズ 液体の機械エネルギーを採集する摩擦式電気ナノ発電機及び発電方法
JP2019193495A (ja) * 2018-04-27 2019-10-31 三菱ケミカル株式会社 摩擦発電機

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5524030A (en) * 1978-08-09 1980-02-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Electrification preventive mat
JP2011015503A (ja) * 2009-06-30 2011-01-20 Toyota Boshoku Corp 発電マット
JP2016529868A (ja) * 2014-04-09 2016-09-23 ベイジン インスティテュート オブ ナノエナジー アンド ナノシステムズ 液体の機械エネルギーを採集する摩擦式電気ナノ発電機及び発電方法
JP2019193495A (ja) * 2018-04-27 2019-10-31 三菱ケミカル株式会社 摩擦発電機

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