WO2024217444A1 - 安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构、安全带卷绕装置及运载装置 - Google Patents

安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构、安全带卷绕装置及运载装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024217444A1
WO2024217444A1 PCT/CN2024/088265 CN2024088265W WO2024217444A1 WO 2024217444 A1 WO2024217444 A1 WO 2024217444A1 CN 2024088265 W CN2024088265 W CN 2024088265W WO 2024217444 A1 WO2024217444 A1 WO 2024217444A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking
decoupling
ratchet
winding device
belt winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/088265
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李鑫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BYD Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BYD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Priority to DE112024001821.1T priority Critical patent/DE112024001821T5/de
Publication of WO2024217444A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024217444A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • B60R22/3416—Unlocking devices for retractors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • B60R22/36—Belt retractors, e.g. reels self-locking in an emergency
    • B60R22/405—Belt retractors, e.g. reels self-locking in an emergency responsive to belt movement and vehicle movement

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of vehicle seat belt devices, and in particular relates to a locking structure of a seat belt winding device, a seat belt winding device and a carrying device.
  • the vehicle seat belt device is a very important protective device in the vehicle. In the event of a collision or sudden braking, the vehicle seat belt device can restrain the occupants and prevent them from bouncing off the seat.
  • the seat belt winding device is the most important component of the vehicle seat belt device. The seat belt winding device retracts and releases the webbing through the rotation of the belt reel, thereby triggering and disconnecting the restraining action of the seat belt.
  • the seat belt retractor mainly realizes the most basic locking function by the trigger mechanism and the locking mechanism.
  • the trigger mechanism mainly refers to the vehicle sense and belt sense structure.
  • the locking mechanism is divided into two types: dynamic locking and fixed locking because of the inconsistent positioning structure of the locking parts.
  • the fixed locking structure means that the position of the belt reel is fixed each time.
  • the trigger mechanism (mainly referring to the vehicle sense) and the locking mechanism in the fixed locking structure cannot be directly contacted and driven, so a linkage structure is required to achieve it.
  • the vehicle sense senses the vehicle body state and sends a trigger action
  • the locking mechanism will be triggered through the linkage structure to achieve locking.
  • the linkage structure will also move to the initial position with the locking mechanism before disengaging.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is: in view of the problem that the seat belt winding device in the related art is prone to an incompletely unlocked state, a locking structure of a seat belt winding device, a seat belt winding device and a carrying device are provided.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a locking structure of a seat belt winding device, comprising:
  • a linkage claw which can engage with the fixed locking wheel after being triggered
  • a ratchet wheel which is used to be fixedly connected to the belt reel
  • a ratchet pawl driven by the linkage pawl engages with the ratchet wheel to lock the belt reel;
  • the decoupling mechanism is configured such that after the ratchet pawl rotates in a direction close to the ratchet to a set area and before the ratchet pawl is fully engaged with the ratchet, the decoupling mechanism can separate the linkage pawl from the fixed locking wheel.
  • the linkage claw comprises a linkage claw body, a claw portion and a decoupling block
  • the homing section is connected to a side of the housing adjacent to the decoupling block
  • the claw portion is arranged at one end of the linkage claw body
  • the decoupling block is arranged on a side of the linkage claw body adjacent to the homing section
  • the linkage claw deflects in a direction away from the fixed locking wheel, so that the claw part is disengaged from the fixed locking wheel.
  • a guiding section connected to the homing section is further included, and the homing section is offset by a certain angle relative to the guiding section in a direction away from the center of the locking wheel.
  • the decoupling mechanism includes a first baffle and a second baffle, and the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged in the shell at an interval, and the interval between the first baffle and the second baffle forms a decoupling channel, and the decoupling channel includes a return section and a guide section, and the return section corresponding to the first baffle and the second baffle is offset by a certain angle relative to the guide section in a direction away from the center of the locking wheel.
  • a decoupling channel is further included, the decoupling channel includes a homing section and a guide section connected to one end of the homing section, and an opening of at least part of the guide section gradually increases in a direction away from the homing section.
  • the decoupling mechanism includes a decoupling bar, the homing section is placed on the decoupling bar, and a side surface of the homing section facing away from the fixed locking wheel has a homing surface, and the homing surface is bent in a direction away from the fixed locking wheel.
  • a surface of the decoupling strip facing away from the locking wheel further comprises a guide surface connected to one end of the homing surface, and the guide surface extends along the circumferential direction of the locking wheel;
  • the guide surface can guide the decoupling block into contact with the decoupling strip.
  • the decoupling mechanism includes a decoupling friction strip, and a side surface of the decoupling friction strip facing away from the fixed locking wheel extends along the circumferential direction of the fixed locking wheel.
  • the friction decoupling strip includes a homing section and a guide section, and the friction coefficient of the homing section is greater than the friction coefficient of the guide section.
  • the decoupling mechanism comprises a first decoupling friction strip and a second decoupling friction strip which are arranged opposite to each other, a decoupling channel is formed between the first decoupling friction strip and the second decoupling friction strip, the first decoupling friction strip is closer to the locking wheel than the second decoupling friction strip, the first decoupling friction strip is provided with a first friction surface at least in the homing section, the second decoupling friction strip is provided with a second friction surface at least in the homing section, the first friction surface is arranged away from the locking wheel, and the second friction surface faces one side of the first decoupling friction strip;
  • the first friction force between the side surface of the decoupling block facing the locking wheel and the first friction surface is greater than the second friction force between the side surface of the decoupling block facing away from the locking wheel and the second friction surface.
  • it also includes a linkage claw resetting member, which is connected to the linkage claw. After the linkage claw is rotated by a first angle, the ratchet claw driven by the linkage claw is rotated by a second angle and engaged with the ratchet to lock the belt reel.
  • the linkage claw resetting member is used to drive the linkage claw to reset after it is disengaged from the fixed locking wheel.
  • the ratchet wheel is connected to the main body of the belt drum, and the fixed locking wheel is connected to the torsion bar of the belt drum, so that the belt drum drives the fixed locking wheel to rotate, and the linkage claw is rotatably connected to the follower disk;
  • One end of the locking link is rotatably connected to one side of the frame of the safety belt winding device, and the other end is movably connected to the follower plate.
  • a follower disc reset member is further included. After the ratchet pawl rotates toward the ratchet to a set area and before the ratchet pawl is fully engaged with the ratchet, the follower disc, the linkage pawl and the locking link can return to their initial positions under the restoring force of the follower disc reset member.
  • the belt reel, ratchet and fixed locking wheel of the belt winding device rotate integrally, and the trigger mechanism can drive the linkage pawl to rotate to engage with the fixed locking wheel, thereby realizing the first stage of locking of the seat belt winding device; thereafter, the follower plate, fixed locking wheel, ratchet and belt reel rotate integrally in the direction of webbing pulling out until the follower plate drives the locking link to rotate, and the locking link drives the ratchet pawl to rotate in the direction close to the ratchet wheel to a set area close to the ratchet wheel, thereby realizing the second stage of locking of the seat belt winding device; the ratchet wheel continues to rotate at a preset angle to fully engage with the ratchet pawl, thereby realizing the third stage of locking of the seat belt winding device; wherein, the sum of the
  • rotating the belt drum in the direction of belt winding by an unlocking angle can make the ratchet wheel and the ratchet pawl just disengage, and the unlocking angle is smaller than the sum of the angles rotated by the belt drum in the second locking stage and the third locking stage.
  • the linkage claw further comprises a load-bearing wall connected to a side of the linkage claw body away from the claw portion;
  • the trigger mechanism includes a ball seat, a ball and a brake lever.
  • the ball seat is fixed on the housing of the safety belt winding device.
  • One end of the brake lever is rotatably connected to the ball seat.
  • the other end of the brake lever faces the load-bearing wall.
  • a rolling groove is provided at the bottom of the ball seat. The ball is placed in the rolling groove.
  • a rotation guide hole is provided on the follower plate, and a connecting column is provided on the locking link, and the connecting column passes through the rotation guide hole;
  • the rotating guide hole drives the locking link to rotate by driving the connecting column, and the outer surface of the locking link drives the ratchet pawl to rotate.
  • the follower disc reset member is a follower disc reset spring, one end of the follower disc reset spring is connected to the follower disc, and the other end is connected to the housing.
  • it also includes a connecting rod support, the connecting rod support is fixed to one side of the frame of the safety belt winding device, and one end of the locking connecting rod is rotatably connected to the connecting rod support;
  • ratchet pawl reset piece which is a ratchet pawl reset spring.
  • One end of the ratchet pawl reset spring is connected to the connecting rod support, and the other end is connected to the ratchet pawl.
  • the decoupling mechanism can separate the pawl from the fixed locking wheel. Because the ratchet pawl and the fixed locking wheel have been separated before the ratchet wheel and the ratchet pawl are fully engaged. Therefore, when unlocking, the process of separating the ratchet pawl from the fixed locking wheel is no longer necessary, and the unlocking angle only needs to make the ratchet wheel and the ratchet pawl disengage, and the unlocking angle is much smaller than the locking angle.
  • the unlocking angle can be greatly reduced, eliminating the risks of incomplete unlocking and unclear unlocking status caused by insufficient rotation angle margin.
  • it can avoid the impact force problem caused by the linkage pawl being engaged with the fixed locking wheel during the locking and unlocking process, reduce the risk of damage to the linkage pawl, and extend the service life of the linkage pawl.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a seat belt winding device, including a frame, a belt reel, a housing, and a locking structure of the seat belt winding device described above;
  • a frame used to fix to the vehicle body
  • a belt reel housed in the frame and used for winding and pulling out the webbing wound thereon;
  • the housing is fixed to one side of the frame; the locking wheel is arranged in the housing, and the locking wheel and the ratchet wheel are connected to the belt reel;
  • the decoupling mechanism is connected to the housing.
  • the shell includes an outer cover and a middle cover, the outer cover is fixedly connected to the middle cover, and the middle cover is fixed to one side of the frame;
  • the decoupling mechanism is arranged on the outer cover or the middle cover.
  • the decoupling mechanism is arranged on an inner wall of the outer cover facing the locking wheel.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned seat belt winding device.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a safety belt winding device provided in a first embodiment of the present application in an initial position (without an outer cover);
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the safety belt winding device provided in the first embodiment of the present application in the second locking stage (without the outer cover);
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the safety belt winding device provided by the first embodiment of the present application after the third locking stage is completed and before the ratchet and the ratchet claw are disengaged (without the outer cover);
  • FIG4 is an exploded view of a seat belt winding device provided in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is an exploded view of the locking structure provided in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a linkage claw of a locking structure provided in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is another perspective view of FIG6
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a follower plate of a locking structure provided in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an outer cover of a safety belt winding device provided in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of an outer cover of a seat belt winding device provided in a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an outer cover of a seat belt winding device provided in a third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an outer cover of a seat belt winding device provided in a fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • the locking structure of the seat belt winding device includes: a fixed locking wheel; a linkage claw, which can engage with the fixed locking wheel after being triggered; a ratchet, which is used to be fixedly connected to the belt reel; a ratchet claw, which is driven by the linkage claw and engages with the ratchet to lock the belt reel; the decoupling mechanism is configured as follows: after the ratchet claw rotates in a direction close to the ratchet to a set area and before the ratchet claw is fully engaged with the ratchet, the decoupling mechanism can separate the linkage claw from the fixed locking wheel.
  • the linkage claw also includes a homing section, which is arranged on a side of the housing of the safety belt winding device adjacent to the linkage claw, the linkage claw includes a linkage claw body, a claw portion and a decoupling block, the claw portion is arranged at one end of the linkage claw body, and the decoupling block is arranged on a side of the linkage claw body adjacent to the homing section; after the decoupling block moves to the homing section, the linkage claw deflects in a direction away from the fixed locking wheel, so that The claw part is disengaged from the locking wheel.
  • a guide segment connected to the homing segment is further included, and the homing segment is offset by a certain angle relative to the guide segment in a direction away from the center of the locking wheel.
  • the decoupling mechanism includes a first baffle and a second baffle, and the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged in the shell at an interval, and the interval between the first baffle and the second baffle forms a decoupling channel, and the decoupling channel includes a return section and a guide section, and the return section is offset by a certain angle relative to the guide section in a direction away from the center of the locking wheel.
  • a decoupling channel is further included, the decoupling channel includes a homing section and a guide section connected to one end of the homing section, and an opening of at least part of the guide section gradually increases in a direction away from the homing section.
  • the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are arc-shaped plates
  • the guide section is trumpet-shaped
  • the return section is arc-shaped.
  • the decoupling mechanism includes a decoupling bar, the homing section is disposed on the decoupling bar, and a surface of the decoupling bar on one side facing away from the locking wheel has a homing surface, which is bent in a direction away from the locking wheel.
  • the surface of the decoupling strip facing away from the locking wheel also has a guide surface connected to one end of the return surface, and the guide surface extends along the circumferential direction of the locking wheel; the guide surface can guide the decoupling block to contact the decoupling strip.
  • the linkage claw includes a linkage claw body, a claw portion and a decoupling block, the claw portion is arranged at one end of the linkage claw body, and the decoupling block is arranged on a side surface of the linkage claw body away from the frame of the seat belt winding device;
  • the decoupling mechanism includes a decoupling friction strip, and the side surface of the decoupling friction strip away from the fixed locking wheel extends along the circumferential direction of the fixed locking wheel, and the friction decoupling strip includes a return section and a guide section, and the friction coefficient of the return section is greater than the friction coefficient of the guide section; after the decoupling block moves to the return section, the linkage claw deflects in a direction away from the fixed locking wheel to disengage the claw portion from the fixed locking wheel.
  • the decoupling mechanism includes a first decoupling friction strip and a second decoupling friction strip arranged relative to each other, a decoupling channel is formed between the first decoupling friction strip and the second decoupling friction strip, the first decoupling friction strip is closer to the locking wheel than the second decoupling friction strip, the first decoupling friction strip is provided with a first friction surface at least in the homing section, and the second decoupling friction strip is provided with a second friction surface at least in the homing section, the first friction surface is arranged away from the side of the locking wheel, and the second friction surface faces the side of the first decoupling friction strip; when the decoupling block contacts the first decoupling friction strip and the second decoupling friction strip, a first friction force between a side surface of the decoupling block facing the locking wheel and the first friction surface is greater than a second friction force between a side surface of the decoupling block facing away from the locking wheel and the second friction surface.
  • it also includes a linkage claw resetting member, which is connected to the linkage claw. After the linkage claw is rotated by a first angle, the ratchet claw driven by the linkage claw is rotated by a second angle and engaged with the ratchet to lock the belt reel.
  • the linkage claw resetting member is used to reset the linkage claw after it is disengaged from the fixed locking wheel.
  • it also includes a follower plate and a locking link
  • the ratchet is connected to the main part of the belt drum
  • the locking wheel is connected to the torsion bar of the belt drum, so that the belt drum drives the locking wheel to rotate
  • the linkage claw is rotatably connected to the follower plate
  • one end of the locking link is rotatably connected to one side of the frame of the seat belt winding device, and the other end is movably connected to the follower plate.
  • a follower disk reset member is also included. After the ratchet pawl rotates toward the ratchet to a set area and before the ratchet pawl is fully engaged with the ratchet, the follower disk, the linkage pawl and the locking link can return to their initial positions under the restoring force of the follower disk reset member.
  • the invention further comprises a trigger mechanism, wherein the vehicle acceleration exceeds a preset value, the webbing of the seat belt winding device is pulled out and The belt reel, ratchet and fixed locking wheel of the seat belt winding device are driven to rotate integrally, and the trigger mechanism can drive the linkage claw to rotate to engage with the fixed locking wheel, thereby realizing the first stage of locking of the seat belt winding device; thereafter, the follower plate, fixed locking wheel, ratchet and belt reel are integrally rotated in the direction of webbing pulling out until the follower plate drives the locking link to rotate, and the locking link drives the ratchet claw to rotate in the direction close to the ratchet wheel to a set area close to the ratchet wheel, thereby realizing the second stage of locking of the seat belt winding device; the ratchet wheel continues to rotate at a preset angle to fully engage with the ratchet claw, thereby realizing the third stage of locking of the seat belt winding device; wherein, the sum of the rotation angles of
  • rotating the belt drum in the direction of belt winding by an unlocking angle can make the ratchet wheel and the ratchet pawl just disengage, and the unlocking angle is smaller than the sum of the angles rotated by the belt drum in the second locking stage and the third locking stage.
  • the linkage claw also includes a load-bearing wall connected to the side of the linkage claw body facing away from the claw portion;
  • the trigger mechanism includes a ball seat, a sphere and a brake lever, the ball seat is fixed on the shell of the seat belt winding device, one end of the brake lever is rotatably connected to the ball seat, and the other end of the brake lever faces the load-bearing wall, and a rolling groove is provided at the bottom of the ball seat, and the ball is placed in the rolling groove; when the acceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset value, the ball rolls upward along the rolling groove and hits the other end of the brake lever, so that the brake lever pushes the linkage claw to rotate and engage with the locking wheel.
  • a rotation guide hole is provided on the follower disk, and a connecting column is provided on the locking link, which passes through the rotation guide hole; when the follower disk rotates along the direction of webbing pulling, the rotation guide hole drives the locking link to rotate by driving the connecting column, and the outer surface of the locking link drives the ratchet pawl to rotate.
  • the follower disk reset member is a follower disk reset spring, one end of the follower disk reset spring is connected to the follower disk, and the other end is connected to the housing.
  • it also includes a connecting rod support, which is fixed on one side of the frame of the seat belt winding device, and one end of the locking link is rotatably connected to the connecting rod support; it also includes a ratchet pawl reset member, which is a ratchet pawl reset spring, one end of the ratchet pawl reset spring is connected to the connecting rod support, and the other end is connected to the ratchet pawl.
  • the angle rotated during the locking process is defined as the locking angle, which is characterized by the angle of rotation of the belt reel from the time when the trigger mechanism is triggered to the time when the ratchet pawl completely engages the ratchet on the belt reel;
  • the angle rotated during the unlocking process is defined as the unlocking angle, which is characterized by the angle of rotation of the belt reel from the time when the belt reel starts to rotate in the direction of webbing winding from the locked state to the time when the linkage pawl and the follower disk return to the initial position and complete the disengagement.
  • the unlocking angle needs to be slightly larger than the locking angle to ensure that the unlocking process can be fully executed.
  • the linkage structure connects to the locking mechanism and rotates together to a certain angle A (locking angle) to achieve locking.
  • the locking mechanism will rotate together with the linkage structure to a certain angle B (unlocking angle) before unlocking.
  • the linkage structure and the locking mechanism will not be stably unlocked, which will cause the locking angle to be basically consistent with the unlocking angle, which may lead to the risk of incomplete unlocking and unclear unlocking status due to insufficient unlocking stroke.
  • the decoupling mechanism can separate the pawl from the fixed locking wheel. Because the ratchet pawl and the fixed locking wheel have been separated before the ratchet wheel and the ratchet pawl are fully engaged. Therefore, when unlocking, the process of separating the ratchet pawl from the fixed locking wheel is no longer necessary, and the unlocking angle only needs to disengage the ratchet wheel from the ratchet pawl. The unlocking angle is much smaller than the locking angle.
  • the unlocking angle can be greatly reduced, eliminating the incomplete unlocking and the unlocking state caused by insufficient rotation angle margin.
  • the impact force problem caused by the linkage claw being in constant engagement with the fixed locking wheel during the locking and unlocking process can be avoided, the risk of damage to the linkage claw can be reduced, and the service life of the linkage claw can be extended.
  • the safety belt winding device provided in the first embodiment of the present application includes a frame 10, a belt reel 20, a shell and a locking structure 50; the frame 10 is used to be fixed on the vehicle body; the belt reel 20 is accommodated in the frame 10 and is used to wind and pull out the webbing wound thereon; the shell is fixed on one side of the frame 10.
  • the locking structure 50 includes a trigger mechanism 509, a decoupling mechanism 512, a follower disk 508, a follower disk reset member, a fixed locking wheel 507, a locking link 503, a linkage pawl 510, a ratchet 511, a ratchet pawl 502 and a ratchet pawl reset member.
  • the fixed locking wheel 507 and the ratchet 511 are fixed to the belt reel 20.
  • the linkage pawl 510 is rotatably connected to the follower disk 508.
  • the ratchet pawl 502 is rotatably connected to one side of the frame 10.
  • the decoupling mechanism 512 is configured such that after the ratchet pawl 502 rotates to a set area in a direction close to the ratchet 511 and before the ratchet pawl 502 is fully engaged with the ratchet 511 , the decoupling mechanism 512 can separate the linkage pawl 510 from the locking wheel 507 .
  • the trigger mechanism 509 is triggered to drive the linkage claw 510 to rotate to engage with the locking wheel 507, thereby realizing the first stage of locking the seat belt winding device; thereafter, due to the engagement of the linkage claw 510 with the locking wheel 507, the linkage claw 510 is rotatably connected to the follower plate 508, and the follower plate 508, the locking wheel 507, the ratchet 511 and the belt reel 20 rotate integrally in the direction of webbing pulling out, Since the other end of the locking link 503 is movably connected to the follower disk 508, the follower disk 508 drives the locking link 503 to rotate in the direction of pulling out the webbing, and the outer surface of the locking link 503 pushes the ratchet pawl 502 to drive the ratche
  • the belt reel 20 rotates due to the pulling out of the webbing, and therefore, before the ratchet 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 are not fully engaged, the belt reel 20 always rotates in the direction of pulling out the webbing.
  • the one-way meshing characteristic of the ratchet pawl 502 and the ratchet wheel 511 is that when the ratchet pawl 502 and the ratchet wheel 511 are in meshing state, the rotation of the ratchet wheel 511 in the direction of pulling out the webbing is restricted, while the rotation of the ratchet wheel 511 in the direction of winding up the webbing is not restricted.
  • the sum of the rotation angles of the belt reel 20 in the first locking stage, the second locking stage and the third locking stage is the locking angle, that is, the rotation angle of the belt reel 20 during the entire process from when the trigger mechanism 509 is triggered to when the ratchet pawl 502 and the ratchet wheel 511 are fully meshed is the locking angle;
  • the decoupling mechanism 512 can be after the second locking stage and before the ratchet wheel 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 are fully meshed (when the ratchet pawl 502 rotates to a set angle in the direction close to the ratchet wheel 511).
  • the engaging claw 510 and the locking wheel 507 are disengaged (the engaging claw 510 and the locking wheel 507 are separated) after the ratchet pawl 502 and before the ratchet wheel 511 are fully engaged, so that under the action of the restoring force of the follower plate reset member, the follower plate 508, the engaging claw 510 and the locking link 503 can return to the initial position before the ratchet wheel 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 are fully engaged, and the outer surface of the locking link 503 is out of contact with the ratchet pawl 502.
  • the ratchet pawl 502 and the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 511 are in a state of near engagement.
  • the state is that the claw 502b of the ratchet pawl 502 enters between the two ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 511, and the ratchet pawl 502 is not fully engaged with the ratchet wheel 511.
  • the claw 502b of the ratchet pawl 502 is tightly pressed against the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 511.
  • the set area is the area from when the claw 502b of the ratchet pawl 502 begins to enter between the two ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 511 to when it is completely pressed against the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 511.
  • the unlocking angle is the minimum rotation angle of the belt reel 20 that causes the ratchet 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 to disengage.
  • the ratchet pawl 502 After the ratchet 51 and the ratchet pawl 502 are disengaged, the ratchet pawl 502 returns to the initial position under the restoring force of the ratchet pawl reset member; wherein the unlocking angle is greater than or equal to the preset angle and less than the locking angle.
  • the power for rotating the belt reel 20 in the belt reeling direction comes from the scroll spring mechanism 80 described below.
  • the follower plate 508, the linkage pawl 510 and the locking link 503 have returned to the initial position. Therefore, when unlocking, the process of separating the ratchet pawl 502 from the fixed locking wheel 507 is no longer necessary, and the unlocking angle only needs to make the ratchet 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 disengage, and the unlocking angle is much smaller than the locking angle. In this way, compared with the prior art, the unlocking angle can be greatly reduced, eliminating the risks of incomplete unlocking and unclear unlocking status caused by insufficient rotation angle margin.
  • the unlocking angle is smaller than the sum of the angles of rotation of the belt drum 20 in the second locking stage and the third locking stage. That is, compared with the prior art, the unlocking angle of the seat belt winding device of the present application can at least reduce the rotation angle of the belt drum 20 in the first locking stage.
  • the unlocking angle is equal to the preset angle (the rotation angle of the belt drum 20 in the third locking stage) plus the design margin angle, and the design margin angle is much smaller than the rotation angle of the belt drum 20 in the second locking stage, and the design margin angle is greater than or equal to 0.
  • the follower disc 508 and the locking wheel 507 are arranged in the housing, and the housing can protect the follower disc 508 and the locking wheel 507.
  • the locking wheel 507 and the ratchet wheel 511 are fixed on the belt reel 20; the trigger mechanism 509 and the decoupling mechanism 90 are connected to the housing.
  • a connecting piece 103 is provided between the upper end of one side wall 101 and the upper end of the other side wall 105 of the frame 10.
  • the connecting piece 103 is fixed to the vehicle body.
  • An insertion hole 104 is formed in the connecting piece 103.
  • the reel 20 is between one side wall 101 and the other side wall 105 of the frame 10.
  • a long ribbon-like webbing is wound on the reel 20.
  • a cylindrical shaft is installed at the bottom end of the webbing, and the cylindrical shaft is locked with the reel 20.
  • the reel 20 is inserted through the vicinity of the bottom end of the webbing.
  • the webbing passes through the insertion hole 104 and is tied to the passenger.
  • the reel 20 winds the webbing by rotating in the winding direction.
  • the reel 20 pulls out the webbing by rotating in the pulling-out direction.
  • the safety belt winding device 10 also has a spiral spring mechanism 80, which is fixed to the other side wall 105 of the frame 10 by screws or matching claws (clamping).
  • the spiral spring mechanism 80 is composed of a coil spring cover, a spiral spring and a spring base.
  • the spiral spring mechanism 80 is used to provide energy to the webbing. When the webbing is pulled out, the spiral spring mechanism 80 stores energy to make the webbing produce tension. When the webbing is released, the spiral spring mechanism 80 releases energy to rotate the webbing in the winding direction.
  • the spiral spring mechanism 80 can use a single coil spring or a combination of a motor and a coil spring.
  • the belt reel 20 has a main body and a torsion bar provided at the center hole of the main body.
  • the torsion bar is composed of a torsion shaft 201 (energy absorbing member) and a torsion shaft sleeve (not shown).
  • torsion shaft 201 When the torsion shaft 201 is subjected to a torsion load greater than or equal to a prescribed load, torsion deformation may occur.
  • the torsion shaft 201 and the main body of the belt reel 20 rotate integrally.
  • a sleeve 513 is integrally formed or fixed at the axis of the ratchet 511.
  • a knurled hole 5131 and a mounting hole are formed at the axis of the sleeve 513.
  • a knurled surface is formed on the peripheral wall of the knurled hole 5131.
  • the torsion shaft sleeve includes a cylindrical portion and a protruding shaft connected to the central portion of the outer side of the cylindrical portion. The cylindrical portion is pressed into the mounting hole by interference fit and is thus crimped into one with the ratchet 511.
  • One end of the torsion shaft 201 is connected to one end of the main body of the tape reel 20, and the other end of the torsion shaft 201 is inserted into the cylindrical portion. In this way, except when the torsion shaft 201 is torsionally deformed, the ratchet 511 and the torsion shaft sleeve rotate integrally with the torsion shaft 201 and the main body
  • a knurled surface is formed on the entire circumference of the knurled hole 5131 by knurling.
  • the seat belt winding device further includes a pre-tensioning mechanism 30 disposed on the outer side of a side wall 101 of the frame 10.
  • the pre-tensioning mechanism 30 may be a pyrotechnic pre-tensioning mechanism.
  • the pre-tensioning mechanism 30 includes a cylinder 302, a gas generator 301 connected to one end of the cylinder 302, a piston (not shown) disposed in the cylinder 302, a rack 304 integrally formed or fixed to the outer end of the piston, a pinion 306, and a clutch plate 307.
  • the pinion 306 is arranged on one side of the ratchet 511.
  • a gear cover 60 is arranged on one side of the pinion 306, and a hole 601 is formed on the center side of the gear cover 60.
  • the gear cover 60 is fixed to a side wall 101 of the frame 10 by screws.
  • An axial extension 3061 is provided on one side of the pinion 306, and the axial extension 3061 of the pinion 306 passes through the above-mentioned hole 601, and the axial displacement is limited by the retaining ring 308, so that the pinion 306 can be freely rotatably supported on the gear cover 60.
  • a cam 309 is provided on the other side of the pinion 306.
  • Concave portions and convex portions are formed alternately on the outer periphery of the cam 309.
  • the cam 309 is inserted into the knurled hole 5131.
  • the cam 309 does not contact the knurled surface under normal circumstances. Therefore, under normal circumstances, the ratchet 511 and the torsion shaft sleeve can rotate independently of the pinion 306.
  • the clutch plate 307 is arranged between the ratchet 511 and the pinion 306.
  • a plurality of meshing claws are formed on the central side of the clutch plate 307. Each meshing claw is engaged with each recess of the cam 309. Thus, the clutch plate 307 is mounted on the pinion 306.
  • Each meshing claw and the cam 309 are inserted into the knurled hole 5131. Each meshing claw does not come into contact with the knurled surface.
  • the ratchet 511 and the torsion shaft sleeve can rotate relatively independently from the clutch plate 307.
  • a plurality of grooves are formed on the outer periphery of the clutch plate 307.
  • the cylinder 302 is placed above the pinion 306 and fixed to the outside of a side wall 101 of the frame 10.
  • a gas generator 301 is provided at the upper side end of the cylinder 302.
  • a generator cover having a bottom cylindrical shape is fixed to the upper side end of the cylinder 302. When the generator cover covers the gas generator 301, the gas generator 301 is located at the upper side end of the cylinder 302.
  • the piston is inserted into the cylinder 302 from the lower end of the cylinder 302.
  • An O-ring 303 is provided at the upper end of the piston.
  • the O-ring 303 is sealed between the upper end of the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder 302.
  • a rack 304 is formed at a portion other than the lower end of the piston.
  • the safety belt winding device further includes a gear box 40 disposed between a side wall 101 of the frame 10 and the pretensioning mechanism 30.
  • the gear box 40 covers one side of the ratchet 511.
  • a circular through hole 401 is formed in the center of the gear box 40. The circular through hole 401 allows the rolling of the ratchet 511 to The flower hole 5131 is exposed.
  • the housing includes an outer cover 90 and a middle cover 505.
  • the middle cover 505 is formed in a concave shape and fixed to a side wall 101 of the frame 10. A portion of the gear cover 60 is positioned in the middle cover 505.
  • the middle cover 505 is fixed to one side of the frame 10.
  • the outer cover 90 is provided on the outside of the middle cover 505, and engaging claws are formed at the outer peripheral portion of the outer cover 90, etc., and the outer cover 90 is fixedly connected to the frame 10 by fitting the engaging claws together with a predetermined area on one side of the frame 10.
  • the protruding shaft of the torsion shaft sleeve passes through the middle cover 505 and is rotatably supported there.
  • the locking wheel 507 is arranged between the middle cover 505 and the follower plate 508.
  • the locking wheel 507 is coaxially and integrally fixed on the torsion shaft sleeve.
  • the follower plate 508 is arranged on one side of the locking wheel 507 close to the outer cover 90.
  • the protruding shaft of the torsion shaft sleeve coaxially passes through the through hole on the follower plate 508 so that the follower plate 508 is rotatably supported at the protruding shaft of the torsion shaft sleeve.
  • the follower plate reset member is a follower plate reset spring 508c, one end of which is fixed to the follower plate 508 and the other end is fixed to the middle cover 505.
  • the follower plate reset spring 508c is a coil spring.
  • the following disk 508 is provided with a rotation guide hole 508b, and the locking link 503 is provided with a connecting column 5033, which passes through the rotation guide hole 508b; the ratchet pawl 502 is provided with a locking column 5021, and the locking link 503 is provided with a weight reduction groove 5032; the rotation center of the locking link 503 is not coaxial with the connecting column 5033.
  • the rotation guide hole 508b drives the connecting column 5033 to slide along the rotation guide hole 508b toward the center of the fixed locking wheel 507 (slides from the outer end of the rotation guide hole 508b to the inner end), thereby driving the locking link 503 to rotate along the webbing pulling direction.
  • the outer surface of the locking link 503 contacts the outer surface of the ratchet pawl 502, and the outer surface of the locking link 503 drives the ratchet pawl 502 to rotate.
  • the linkage claw 510 includes a linkage claw body 5101, a claw portion 510c and a decoupling block 510b.
  • the claw portion 510c is arranged at one end of the linkage claw body 5101, and the decoupling block 510b is arranged on the side surface of the linkage claw body 5101 away from the frame 10.
  • a rod accommodating portion 508d and the above-mentioned rotation guide hole 508b are respectively formed at the edge position of the follower disk 508.
  • the rod accommodating portion 508d is provided with a shaft 508a which is parallel to the axis of the tape reel 20 and extends outward.
  • One end of the linkage claw 510 has a cylinder 510d for the above-mentioned shaft 508a to pass through, so that the linkage claw 510 is supported by the above-mentioned shaft 508a and can rotate around the above-mentioned shaft 508a.
  • a limiting block 510f is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of 510d, and the limiting block 510f is used to limit the rotation of the linkage claw 510.
  • a through hole communicating with the rod accommodating portion 508d is provided on the outer wall of the follower disk 508, and the fixed locking wheel 507 is accommodated in the follower disk 508.
  • the teeth of the fixed locking wheel 507 are exposed from the through hole to facilitate the engagement of the linkage claw 510 with the fixed locking wheel 507.
  • the linkage claw 510 also includes a bearing wall 510e connected to the side of the linkage claw body 5101 away from the claw portion 510c.
  • the trigger mechanism 509 includes a ball seat 509c, a ball 509b and a brake lever 509a.
  • the ball seat 509c is fixed on the housing, specifically, the ball seat 509c is fixedly accommodated in the box-shaped housing part 5051.
  • One end of the brake lever 509a is rotatably connected to the ball seat 509c, and the other end of the brake lever 509a faces the bearing wall 510e.
  • the bottom of the ball seat 509c is provided with a rolling groove, and the ball 509b is placed in the rolling groove.
  • the ball 509b can roll upward along the rolling groove and hit the other end (load-bearing wall 510e) of the brake lever 509a, so that the brake lever 509a pushes the linkage claw 510 to rotate and engage with the locking wheel 507.
  • the locking wheel 507 is positioned on one side of the rotation direction of the linkage claw 510, and the linkage claw 510 is rotated due to being driven by the brake lever 509a. In this way, the linkage claw 510 and the locking wheel 507 can be meshed together.
  • the torque of the locking wheel 507 in the webbing pulling direction is transmitted to the linkage claw 510, and then to the follower plate 508, and the follower plate 508 resists the thrust of the follower plate return spring 508c and rotates in the webbing pulling direction.
  • the locking structure 50 further includes a connecting rod support 501 fixed on a side wall 101 of the frame 10, the connecting rod support 501 is located radially outside the ratchet 511, one end of the locking connecting rod 503 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod support 501, and the ratchet pawl reset member is a ratchet pawl reset spring 502a, one end of the ratchet pawl reset spring 502a is connected to the connecting rod support 501, and the other end is connected to the ratchet pawl 502.
  • a mounting column 5011 is formed on one side of the connecting rod support 501, and the mounting column 5011 is penetrated in the positioning hole 5031 on the locking connecting rod 503, so that the locking connecting rod 503 can rotate around the central axis of the mounting column 5011 of the connecting rod support 501.
  • a hollow transfer column is provided in the middle of the connecting rod support 501, and the ratchet pawl 502 is rotatably connected to the transfer column.
  • the connecting rod support 501 is fastened to a side wall 101 of the frame 10 by installing a screw 504 that penetrates the ratchet pawl 502 and the transfer column of the connecting rod support 501, so that the ratchet pawl 502 is rotatably supported on the connecting rod support 501, and the connecting rod support 501 is fixed to the frame 10.
  • the ratchet pawl 502 is located radially outside the ratchet 511, and the ratchet pawl 502 is provided with a claw 502b adjacent to the ratchet 511, and the claw 502b on the ratchet pawl 502 is engaged with the teeth of the ratchet 511, so that the belt reel 20 can be prevented from rotating in the direction of pulling out the webbing.
  • the ratchet pawl 502 is in meshing state with the ratchet wheel 511, the rotation of the ratchet wheel 511 in the webbing pulling direction is restricted, while the rotation of the ratchet wheel 511 in the webbing winding direction is not restricted.
  • two claws 502b are provided.
  • the two claws 502b abut against two adjacent ratchet teeth on the ratchet wheel 511.
  • the decoupling mechanism 512 includes a decoupling channel 5121, which has a homing section 51212 and a guide section 51211 connected to one end of the homing section 51212.
  • the homing section 51212 is arranged on a side of the shell adjacent to the linkage claw 510, and at least part of the opening of the guide section 51211 gradually increases in the direction away from the homing section 51212; after the linkage claw 510 rotates in the direction of pulling out the webbing, after the ratchet claw 502 rotates in the direction close to the ratchet 511 to a set area, the decoupling block 510b moves to the homing section 51212, and the homing section 51212 guides the linkage claw 510 to move, causing the linkage claw 510 to deflect in the direction away from the locking wheel 507, so that the claw portion 510c is disengaged from the locking wheel 511.
  • the guide section 51211 can guide the decoupling block 510b to enter the decoupling channel 5121.
  • the decoupling block 510b moves along the decoupling channel 5121 to the return section 51212, the decoupling block 510b passes through the return section 51212, causing the linkage claw 510 (claw 510c) to deflect in the direction away from the locking wheel 507, so that the claw 510c is disengaged from the locking wheel 507.
  • the guide segment 51211 may be eliminated, and the decoupling block 510b may be directly coupled to the homing segment 51212 through precise design.
  • the decoupling mechanism 512 includes a first baffle plate 512a and a second baffle plate 512b, which are relatively fixedly arranged in the housing and spaced apart. Specifically, the first baffle plate 512a and the second baffle plate 512b are fixed or integrally formed on the inner wall of the outer cover 90 facing the locking wheel 507. That is, in this embodiment, the decoupling mechanism 512 is arranged on the outer cover 90. The interval between the first baffle plate 512a and the second baffle plate 512b forms a decoupling channel 5121.
  • the portion of the homing section 51212 corresponding to the first baffle plate 512a and the second baffle plate 512b is offset by a certain angle relative to the guide section 51211 in a direction away from the center of the locking wheel 507.
  • the decoupling mechanism 512 may also be arranged on the middle cover 505.
  • the first baffle plate 512a is closer to the locking wheel 507 than the second baffle plate 512b.
  • the first baffle plate 512a and the second baffle plate 512b are arc-shaped plates
  • the guide section 51211 is trumpet-shaped
  • the return section 51212 is
  • the decoupling block 510b is in an arc shape so as to facilitate smooth movement of the decoupling block 510b in the decoupling channel 5121.
  • the linkage claw reset member (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the linkage claw 510. After the linkage claw 510 rotates a first angle, the ratchet claw 502 is driven to rotate a second angle and engage with the ratchet 511 to lock the belt reel 20.
  • the linkage claw reset member is used to reset the linkage claw 510 after it is disengaged from the fixed locking wheel 507.
  • the brake lever 509a of the trigger mechanism 509 is combined with the load-bearing wall 510e of the linkage claw 510 and the claw portion 510c of the linkage claw 510 is engaged with the locking wheel 507, and the torque of the locking wheel 507 in the direction of webbing pulling out is transmitted to the linkage claw 510, and then transmitted to the follower plate 508, and the follower plate 508 rotates integrally with the locking wheel 507, realizing the first stage of locking the seat belt winding device.
  • the linkage claw 510 is rotatably connected to the follower disk 508, and the follower disk 508, the fixed locking wheel 507, the ratchet 511 and the belt reel 20 rotate in the direction of webbing pulling out as a whole, and the rotation guide hole 508b drives the connecting column 5033 to slide along the rotation guide hole 508b toward the center of the fixed locking wheel 507 (sliding from the outer end to the inner end of the rotation guide hole 508b), thereby driving the locking link 503 to rotate in the direction of webbing pulling out, and the outer surface 503a of the locking link 503 pushes the ratchet claw 502 to drive the ratchet claw 502 to rotate in the direction close to the ratchet 511 to the set area close to the ratchet 511, thereby realizing the second stage of locking of the seat belt winding device.
  • the ratchet claw 502 is not fully engaged with the ratchet 511.
  • the ratchet wheel 511 continues to rotate to a preset angle following the belt reel 20 to fully mesh with the ratchet pawl 502, thus realizing the third stage of locking the safety belt winding device, and the safety belt winding device enters a locked state.
  • the belt reel 20 rotates due to the pulling out of the webbing, and thus, before the ratchet wheel 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 are fully meshed, the belt reel 20 always rotates in the direction of pulling out the webbing.
  • the sum of the rotation angles of the belt reel 20 in the first locking stage, the second locking stage, and the third locking stage is the locking angle.
  • the guide section 51211 of the decoupling channel 5121 guides the decoupling block 510b on the linkage claw 510 to enter the decoupling channel 5121. Since the homing section 51212 is offset by a certain angle relative to the guide section 51211 in the direction away from the center of the fixed locking wheel 507 at the corresponding part of the first baffle 512a and the second baffle 512b, after the second locking stage, the decoupling block 510b moves along the decoupling channel 5121.
  • the linkage claw 510 (claw portion 510c) deflects in the direction away from the locking wheel 507, so that the claw portion 510c is disengaged from the locking wheel 507, and the decoupling mechanism 512 releases the engagement between the linkage claw 510 and the locking wheel 507, so that under the action of the restoring force of the follower plate return spring 508c, the follower plate 508, the linkage claw 510 and the locking link 503 can return to the initial position before the ratchet 511 and the ratchet claw 502 are fully engaged.
  • the ratchet 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 are in meshing state (locked state)
  • the angle at which the ratchet 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 are just disengaged by rotating the tape reel 20 in the direction of webbing reeling is the unlocking angle.
  • the ratchet pawl 502 After the ratchet 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 are disengaged, the ratchet pawl 502 returns to the initial position under the restoring force of the ratchet pawl reset spring 502a.
  • the rotation angle (unlocking angle) of the tape reel 20 that can just disengage the ratchet 511 and the ratchet pawl 502 only needs to be slightly greater than the preset angle (the rotation angle of the tape reel 20 in the third stage of locking), the unlocking angle is much smaller than the locking angle.
  • a second embodiment of the present application provides a seat belt winding device, which is different from the first embodiment in that the structure of the decoupling mechanism 512 is different.
  • the decoupling mechanism 512 includes a decoupling bar 512A, a homing section is placed on the decoupling bar 512A, a side surface of the decoupling bar 512A facing away from the locking wheel 507 has a homing surface 5122A and a guide surface 5121A connected to one end of the homing surface 5122A, the guide surface 5121A extends along the circumferential direction of the locking wheel 507, and the homing surface 5122A is bent in a direction away from the locking wheel 507; that is, the decoupling bar 512A is L-shaped.
  • the guide surface 5121A can guide the decoupling block 510b to contact the decoupling bar 512A. After the decoupling block 510b moves to the homing section, the linkage claw 510 deflects in a direction away from the locking wheel 507, so that the claw portion 510c is disengaged from the locking wheel 504.
  • the guide surface 5121A can guide the decoupling block 510b to contact the decoupling strip 512A.
  • the decoupling block 510b moves along the side surface of the decoupling strip 512A facing away from the fixed locking wheel 507 until it contacts the return surface 5122A, the return surface 5122A stops the decoupling block 510b.
  • the linkage claw 510 and the fixed locking wheel 507 have a separation tendency, and the linkage claw 510 deflects in the direction away from the fixed locking wheel 507, so that the claw portion 510c is disengaged from the fixed locking wheel 507.
  • the decoupling mechanism 512 of the second embodiment has only one decoupling bar 512A, and has a simpler structure, which is beneficial to reducing costs.
  • the guide surface 5121A may be eliminated, and the decoupling block 510b may be directly in contact with the decoupling strip 512A through precise design.
  • a third embodiment of the present application provides a seat belt winding device, which is different from the first embodiment in that the structure of the decoupling mechanism 512 is different.
  • the decoupling mechanism 512 includes a decoupling friction strip 512B, a side surface of the decoupling friction strip 512B facing away from the locking wheel 507 extends along the circumferential direction of the locking wheel 507, and has a homing section 5122B and a guide section 5121B connected to one end of the homing section 5122B, and the friction coefficient of the homing section 5122B is greater than the friction coefficient of the guide section 5121B.
  • the linkage claw 510 deflects in a direction away from the locking wheel 507, so that the claw portion 510c is disengaged from the locking wheel 504.
  • the guide section 5121B can guide the decoupling block 510b to contact the decoupling friction strip 512B with a first friction force.
  • the following methods can be used to make the friction coefficient of the homing section 5122B greater than the friction coefficient of the guiding section 5121B;
  • a concave-convex structure is machined on the homing section 5122B to increase the friction coefficient of the homing section 5122B.
  • the decoupling mechanism 512 of the third embodiment has only one decoupling friction strip 512B, and has a simpler structure, which is conducive to reducing costs.
  • a fourth embodiment of the present application provides a seat belt winding device, which is different from the first embodiment in that the structure of the decoupling mechanism 512 is different.
  • the decoupling mechanism includes a first decoupling friction strip 512C and a second decoupling friction strip 512D that are arranged opposite to each other, a decoupling channel is formed between the first decoupling friction strip 512C and the second decoupling friction strip 512D, the first decoupling friction strip 512C is closer to the locking wheel 507 than the second decoupling friction strip 512D, the first decoupling friction strip 512C is provided with a first friction surface 5121C at least in the homing section, and the second decoupling friction strip 512D is provided with a second friction surface 5121D at least in the homing section.
  • the first friction surface 5121C is arranged away from the locking wheel 507, and the second friction surface 5121D is arranged toward one side of the first decoupling friction strip.
  • the first friction force between the side surface of the decoupling block 510b facing the locking wheel 507 and the first friction surface 5121C is greater than the second friction force between the side surface of the decoupling block 510b facing away from the locking wheel 507 and the second friction surface 5121D.
  • the first guide friction surface 5121C and the second friction surface 5121D can guide the decoupling block 510b to enter the decoupling channel, and the side surface of the decoupling block 510b facing the fixed locking wheel 507 contacts the first friction surface 5121C with a first friction force, and the side surface of the decoupling block 510b facing away from the fixed locking wheel 507 contacts the second friction surface 5121D with a second friction force, so that the combined torque of the first friction force and the second friction force on the decoupling block 510b points in the direction away from the fixed locking wheel 507, so that the linkage claw 510 deflects in the direction away from the fixed locking wheel 507, so that the claw portion 510c is disengaged from the fixed locking wheel 507.
  • the decoupling channel of the decoupling mechanism 512 of the fourth embodiment can maintain the same direction, and there is no need to set a complex decoupling channel.
  • the structure is simpler, which is conducive to reducing costs.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which includes the seat belt winding device of the above embodiment.
  • the vehicle is, for example, a vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

一种运载工具，具有安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构及安全带卷绕装置。该安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构包括：定锁轮(507)；联动卡爪(510)，联动卡爪(510)在被触发后能够与定锁轮(507)卡合；棘轮(511)，棘轮(511)用于与卷带筒(20)固定连接；棘轮卡爪(502)，被联动卡爪(510)带动的棘轮卡爪(502)与棘轮(511)卡接，以锁止卷带筒(20)；解耦机构(512)，解耦机构(512)设置为：在棘轮卡爪(502)向靠近棘轮(511)的方向旋转至设定区域后且在棘轮卡爪(502)与棘轮(511)完全啮合之前，解耦机构(512)能够使联动卡爪(510)与定锁轮(507)分离。

Description

安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构、安全带卷绕装置及运载装置
本申请要求于2023年4月21日提交、申请号为202310444231.0，发明名称为“安全带卷绕装置 的锁止结构、安全带卷绕装置及运载装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于车辆座椅安全带装置技术领域，特别是涉及一种安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构、安全带卷绕装置及运载装置。
背景技术
车辆座椅安全带装置是车辆中的一个很重要的保护装置，在车辆发生碰撞或急刹车等情况下，车辆座椅安全带装置可约束乘员，避免乘员从座椅上弹起。而安全带卷绕装置又是车辆座椅安全带装置中的最重要的组成部分。安全带卷绕装置通过卷带筒的旋转进行织带的收放，从而实现安全带约束作用的触发和断开动作。
安全带卷收装置主要由触发机构和锁止机构实现最基本的锁止功能，其中触发机构主要指车感、带感结构，锁止机构则因为锁定部件的定位结构不一致分为动锁和定锁两种方式，其中定锁结构指的是每次卷带筒被锁止的位置是一定的，定锁结构中触发机构(主要指车感)与锁止机构无法直接接触驱动，因此需要设置联动结构来实现，当车感感知到车身状态发出触发动作后，将通过联动结构来触发锁止机构实现锁止。解锁过程中，联动结构也将随锁止机构一同运动到初始位置后再实现脱开。
对比来讲，相关技术中，在触发机构被触发后，若较为容易解锁，则无法保证安全性，若后续需要解开具有联动性的两道锁止，则容易出现不完全解锁的状态。
发明内容
本申请所要解决的技术问题是：针对相关技术中的安全带卷绕装置，容易出现不完全解锁的状态的问题，提供一种安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构、安全带卷绕装置及运载装置。
为解决上述技术问题，一方面，本申请实施例提供一种安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，包括：
定锁轮；
联动卡爪，联动卡爪在被触发后能够与定锁轮卡合；
棘轮，棘轮用于与卷带筒固定连接；
棘轮卡爪，被联动卡爪带动的棘轮卡爪与棘轮卡接，以锁止卷带筒；
解耦机构设置为：在棘轮卡爪向靠近棘轮的方向旋转至设定区域后且在棘轮卡爪与棘轮完全啮合之前，解耦机构能够使联动卡爪与定锁轮分离。
可选地，还包括归位段，归位段设置在安全带卷绕装置的壳体的临近联动卡爪的一侧，联动卡爪包括联动卡爪主体、爪部及解耦块，归位段连接在壳体上临近解耦块的一侧，爪部设置在联动卡爪主体的一端，解耦块设置在联动卡爪主体临近归位段的一侧；
解耦块移动至归位段时，联动卡爪向远离定锁轮的方向偏转，以使得爪部与定锁轮脱开。
可选地，还包括与归位段连接的引导段，归位段相对于引导段向远离定锁轮的中心的方向偏移一定角度。
可选地，解耦机构包括第一挡板和第二挡板，第一挡板和第二挡板间隔设置在壳体中，第一挡板和第二挡板之间的间隔形成解耦通道，解耦通道包括归位段和引导段，归位段在第一挡板和第二挡板对应的部分相对引导段向远离定锁轮的中心的方向偏移一定角度。
可选地，还包括解耦通道，解耦通道包括归位段和连通在归位段的一端的引导段，至少部分引导段的开口向远离归位段的方向逐渐增大。
可选地，解耦机构包括解耦条，归位段置于解耦条上，归位段背向定锁轮的一侧表面具有归位面，归位面向背离定锁轮的方向弯曲。
可选地，解耦条背向定锁轮的一侧表面还具有连接在归位面的一端的引导面，引导面沿定锁轮的圆周方向延伸；
引导面能够引导解耦块与解耦条接触。
可选地，解耦机构包括解耦摩擦条，解耦摩擦条背向定锁轮的一侧表面沿定锁轮的圆周方向延伸，摩擦解耦条包括归位段和引导段，归位段的摩擦系数大于引导段的摩擦系数。
可选地，解耦机构包括相对设置的第一解耦摩擦条及第二解耦摩擦条，第一解耦摩擦条及第二解耦摩擦条之间形成解耦通道，第一解耦摩擦条相较于第二解耦摩擦条更为靠近定锁轮，第一解耦摩擦条至少在归位段的部位设有第一摩擦面，第二解耦摩擦条至少在归位段的部位设有第二摩擦面，第一摩擦面背离定锁轮一侧设置，第二摩擦面朝向第一解耦摩擦条的一侧；
在解耦块与第一解耦摩擦条及第二解耦摩擦条接触时，解耦块朝向定锁轮的一侧表面与第一摩擦面之间的第一摩擦力大于解耦块背向定锁轮的一侧表面与第二摩擦面之间的第二摩擦力。
可选地，还包括联动卡爪复位件，联动卡爪复位件与联动卡爪连接，被联动卡爪转动第一角度后带动的棘轮卡爪转动第二角度与棘轮卡接，以锁止卷带筒，联动卡爪复位件用于带动与定锁轮脱离后的联动卡爪复位。
可选地，还包括随动盘及锁止连杆，棘轮与卷带筒的主体部分连接，定锁轮与卷带筒的扭力杆连接，以使得卷带筒带动定锁轮转动，联动卡爪转动连接于随动盘；
锁止连杆的一端转动连接在安全带卷绕装置的框架的一侧，另一端与随动盘活动连接。
可选地，还包括随动盘复位件，在棘轮卡爪向靠近棘轮的方向旋转至设定区域后且在棘轮卡爪与棘轮完全啮合之前，在随动盘复位件的回复力作用下，随动盘、联动卡爪及锁止连杆能够回到初始位置。
可选地，还包括触发机构，车辆的加速度超过预设值、安全带卷绕装置的织带拉出并带动安全 带卷绕装置的卷带筒、棘轮及定锁轮一体旋转，触发机构能够驱动联动卡爪旋转以与定锁轮啮合，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第一阶段；之后，随动盘、定锁轮、棘轮及卷带筒一体地向织带拉出方向旋转至随动盘带动锁止连杆旋转，锁止连杆带动棘轮卡爪向靠近棘轮的方向旋转至与棘轮接近啮合的设定区域，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第二阶段；棘轮继续旋转预设角度以与棘轮卡爪完全啮合，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第三阶段；其中，卷带筒在锁止第一阶段、锁止第二阶段及锁止第三阶段的旋转角度之和为锁止角。
可选地，在棘轮与棘轮卡爪啮合状态下，使卷带筒向织带卷收方向旋转解锁角能够使棘轮与棘轮卡爪恰好脱开，解锁角小于卷带筒在锁止第二阶段及锁止第三阶段所旋转的角度之和。
可选地，联动卡爪还包括连接在联动卡爪主体的背离爪部的一侧的承力壁；
触发机构包括球座、球体及制动杠杆，球座固定在安全带卷绕装置的壳体上，制动杠杆的一端转动连接在球座上，制动杠杆的另一端朝向承力壁，球座的底部设置有滚动槽，球体放置在滚动槽中；
在车辆的加速度超过预设值时，球体沿滚动槽向上滚动并撞击制动杠杆的另一端，以使得制动杠杆推动联动卡爪转动并与定锁轮啮合。
可选地，随动盘上设置有旋转导向孔，锁止连杆上设置有连接柱，连接柱穿过旋转导向孔；
随动盘沿织带拉出方向旋转时，旋转导向孔通过驱动连接柱而带动锁止连杆旋转，锁止连杆的外表面驱动棘轮卡爪旋转。
可选地，随动盘复位件为随动盘复位弹簧，随动盘复位弹簧的一端连接在随动盘上，另一端连接在壳体上。
可选地，还包括连杆支座，连杆支座固定在安全带卷绕装置的框架的一侧，锁止连杆的一端转动连接在连杆支座上；
还包括棘轮卡爪复位件，棘轮卡爪复位件为棘轮卡爪复位弹簧，棘轮卡爪复位弹簧的一端连接在连杆支座上，另一端连接在棘轮卡爪上。
根据本申请实施例的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，在棘轮卡爪向靠近棘轮的方向旋转至设定区域后且在棘轮卡爪与棘轮完全啮合之前，解耦机构能够使卡爪与定锁轮分离。由于在棘轮与棘轮卡爪完全啮合之前，棘轮卡爪与定锁轮已经分离。因而，在解锁时，使棘轮卡爪与定锁轮分离的过程已经不再需要，解锁角只需要使得棘轮与棘轮卡爪脱开即可，解锁角远小于锁止角。这样，相对于现有技术，可以大幅减小解锁角，消除因为旋转角度余量不足引起的解锁不完全、解锁状态不清晰的风险。另外，能够避免联动卡爪在锁止与解锁过程中一直与定锁轮啮合存在的冲击力问题，降低联动卡爪的损坏风险，延长联动卡爪的使用寿命。
另一方面，本申请实施例提供一种安全带卷绕装置，包括框架、卷带筒、壳体及上述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构；
框架，用于固定在车身上；
卷带筒，容纳于框架中，用于卷绕和拉出其上缠绕的织带；
壳体，固定在框架的一侧；定锁轮设置在壳体内，定锁轮及棘轮与卷带筒连接；
解耦机构连接在壳体上。
可选地，壳体包括外罩及中盖，外罩固定连接在中盖上，中盖固定在框架的一侧；
解耦机构设置在外罩或中盖上。
可选地，解耦机构设置在外罩的朝向定锁轮的内壁上。
再一方面，本申请实施例提供一种运载工具，其包括上述的安全带卷绕装置。
附图说明
图1是本申请第一实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置在初始位置的示意图(去除外罩)；
图2是本申请第一实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置在锁止第二阶段的示意图(去除外罩)；
图3是本申请第一实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置在锁止第三阶段完成之后、棘轮与棘轮卡爪脱开之前的示意图(去除外罩)；
图4是本申请第一实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置的分解图；
图5是本申请第一实施例提供的锁止结构的分解图；
图6是本申请第一实施例提供的锁止结构的联动卡爪的示意图；
图7是图6的另一视角图；
图8是本申请第一实施例提供的锁止结构的随动盘的示意图；
图9是本申请第一实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置的外罩的示意图；
图10是本申请第二实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置的外罩的示意图；
图11是本申请第三实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置的外罩的示意图；
图12是本申请第四实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置的外罩的示意图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构的棘轮卡爪与棘轮的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
本申请实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，包括：定锁轮；联动卡爪，联动卡爪在被触发后能够与定锁轮卡合；棘轮，棘轮用于与卷带筒固定连接；棘轮卡爪，被联动卡爪带动的棘轮卡爪与棘轮卡接，以锁止卷带筒；解耦机构设置为：在棘轮卡爪向靠近棘轮的方向旋转至设定区域后且在棘轮卡爪与棘轮完全啮合之前，解耦机构能够使联动卡爪与定锁轮分离。
在一些实施例中，还包括归位段，归位段设置在安全带卷绕装置的壳体的临近联动卡爪的一侧，联动卡爪包括联动卡爪主体、爪部及解耦块，爪部设置在联动卡爪主体的一端，解耦块设置在联动卡爪主体临近归位段的一侧；解耦块移动至归位段后，联动卡爪向远离定锁轮的方向偏转，以使得 爪部与定锁轮脱开。
在一些实施例中，还包括与归位段连接的引导段，归位段相对于引导段向远离定锁轮的中心的方向偏移一定角度。
在一些实施例中，解耦机构包括第一挡板和第二挡板，第一挡板和第二挡板间隔设置在壳体中，第一挡板和第二挡板之间的间隔形成解耦通道，解耦通道包括归位段和引导段，归位段在第一挡板和第二挡板对应的部分相对引导段向远离定锁轮的中心的方向偏移一定角度。
在一些实施例中，还包括解耦通道，解耦通道包括归位段和连通在归位段的一端的引导段，至少部分引导段的开口向远离归位段的方向逐渐增大。
在一些实施例中，第一挡板及第二挡板为弧形板，引导段呈喇叭状，归位段呈弧形。
在一些实施例中，解耦机构包括解耦条，归位段置于解耦条上，解耦条背向定锁轮的一侧表面具有归位面，归位面向背离定锁轮的方向弯曲。
在一些实施例中，解耦条背向定锁轮的一侧表面还具有连接在归位面的一端的引导面，引导面沿定锁轮的圆周方向延伸；引导面能够引导解耦块与解耦条接触。
在另一些实施例中，联动卡爪包括联动卡爪主体、爪部及解耦块，爪部设置在联动卡爪主体的一端，解耦块设置在联动卡爪主体背离安全带卷绕装置的框架的一侧表面上；解耦机构包括解耦摩擦条，解耦摩擦条背向定锁轮的一侧表面沿定锁轮的圆周方向延伸，摩擦解耦条包括归位段和引导段，归位段的摩擦系数大于引导段的摩擦系数；解耦块移动至归位段后，联动卡爪向远离定锁轮的方向偏转，以使得爪部与定锁轮脱开。
在另一些实施例中，解耦机构包括相对设置的第一解耦摩擦条及第二解耦摩擦条，第一解耦摩擦条及第二解耦摩擦条之间形成解耦通道，第一解耦摩擦条相较于第二解耦摩擦条更为靠近定锁轮，第一解耦摩擦条至少在归位段的部位设有第一摩擦面，第二解耦摩擦条至少在归位段的部位设有第二摩擦面，第一摩擦面背离定锁轮一侧设置，第二摩擦面朝向第一解耦摩擦条的一侧；在解耦块与第一解耦摩擦条及第二解耦摩擦条接触时，解耦块朝向定锁轮的一侧表面与第一摩擦面之间的第一摩擦力大于解耦块背向定锁轮的一侧表面与第二摩擦面之间的第二摩擦力。
在一些实施例中，还包括联动卡爪复位件，联动卡爪复位件与联动卡爪连接，被联动卡爪转动第一角度后带动的棘轮卡爪转动第二角度与棘轮卡接，以锁止卷带筒，联动卡爪复位件用于带动与定锁轮脱离后的联动卡爪复位。
在一些实施例中，还包括随动盘及锁止连杆，棘轮与卷带筒的主体部分连接，定锁轮与卷带筒的扭力杆连接，以使得卷带筒带动定锁轮转动，联动卡爪转动连接于随动盘；锁止连杆的一端转动连接在安全带卷绕装置的框架的一侧，另一端与随动盘活动连接。
在一些实施例中，还包括随动盘复位件，在棘轮卡爪向靠近棘轮的方向旋转至设定区域后且在棘轮卡爪与棘轮完全啮合之前，在随动盘复位件的回复力作用下，随动盘、联动卡爪及锁止连杆能够回到初始位置。
在一些实施例中，还包括触发机构，车辆的加速度超过预设值、安全带卷绕装置的织带拉出并 带动安全带卷绕装置的卷带筒、棘轮及定锁轮一体旋转，触发机构能够驱动联动卡爪旋转以与定锁轮啮合，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第一阶段；之后，随动盘、定锁轮、棘轮及卷带筒一体地向织带拉出方向旋转至随动盘带动锁止连杆旋转，锁止连杆带动棘轮卡爪向靠近棘轮的方向旋转至与棘轮接近啮合的设定区域，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第二阶段；棘轮继续旋转预设角度以与棘轮卡爪完全啮合，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第三阶段；其中，卷带筒在锁止第一阶段、锁止第二阶段及锁止第三阶段的旋转角度之和为锁止角。
在一些实施例中，在棘轮与棘轮卡爪啮合状态下，使卷带筒向织带卷收方向旋转解锁角能够使棘轮与棘轮卡爪恰好脱开，解锁角小于卷带筒在锁止第二阶段及锁止第三阶段所旋转的角度之和。
在一些实施例中，联动卡爪还包括连接在联动卡爪主体的背离爪部的一侧的承力壁；触发机构包括球座、球体及制动杠杆，球座固定在安全带卷绕装置的壳体上，制动杠杆的一端转动连接在球座上，制动杠杆的另一端朝向承力壁，球座的底部设置有滚动槽，球体放置在滚动槽中；在车辆的加速度超过预设值时，球体沿滚动槽向上滚动并撞击制动杠杆的另一端，以使得制动杠杆推动联动卡爪转动并与定锁轮啮合。
在一些实施例中，随动盘上设置有旋转导向孔，锁止连杆上设置有连接柱，连接柱穿过旋转导向孔；随动盘沿织带拉出方向旋转时，旋转导向孔通过驱动连接柱而带动锁止连杆旋转，锁止连杆的外表面驱动棘轮卡爪旋转。
在一些实施例中，随动盘复位件为随动盘复位弹簧，随动盘复位弹簧的一端连接在随动盘上，另一端连接在壳体上。
在一些实施例中，还包括连杆支座，连杆支座固定在安全带卷绕装置的框架的一侧，锁止连杆的一端转动连接在连杆支座上；还包括棘轮卡爪复位件，棘轮卡爪复位件为棘轮卡爪复位弹簧，棘轮卡爪复位弹簧的一端连接在连杆支座上，另一端连接在棘轮卡爪上。
现有技术中，锁止过程转过的角度定义为锁止角，表征为由触发机构被触发起至棘轮卡爪完全啮合卷带筒上的棘轮时卷带筒转过的角度；解锁过程转过的角度定义为解锁角，表征为由卷带筒从锁止状态开始向着织带卷收方向转动起到联动卡爪与随动盘回到初始位置并完成脱开时卷带筒转过的角度。通常地，解锁角需要稍大于锁止角，才能保证解锁过程能够完整执行。
但是，现有的安全带卷收装置，触发机构动作后，联动结构连接锁止机构一同旋转一定角度A(锁止角)实现锁止。在解锁时，锁止机构将同联动结构一同转过一定角度B(解锁角)后再实现解锁，解锁过程中，联动结构与锁止机构并不会实现稳定解开，将导致锁止角与解锁角基本一致，由此可能存在解锁行程不足引起的解锁不完全、解锁状态不清晰的风险。
根据本申请实施例的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，在棘轮卡爪向靠近棘轮的方向旋转至设定区域后且在棘轮卡爪与棘轮完全啮合之前，解耦机构能够使卡爪与定锁轮分离。由于在棘轮与棘轮卡爪完全啮合之前，棘轮卡爪与定锁轮已经分离。因而，在解锁时，使棘轮卡爪与定锁轮已经分离的过程已经不再需要，解锁角只需要使得棘轮与棘轮卡爪脱开即可，解锁角远小于锁止角。这样，相对于现有技术，可以大幅减小解锁角，消除因为旋转角度余量不足引起的解锁不完全、解锁状态不 清晰的风险。另外，能够避免联动卡爪在锁止与解锁过程中一直与定锁轮啮合存在的冲击力问题，降低联动卡爪的损坏风险，延长联动卡爪的使用寿命。
以下分多个实施例，详细描述本申请。
第一实施例
请一并参照图1至图9，本申请第一实施例提供的安全带卷绕装置包括框架10、卷带筒20、壳体及锁止结构50；框架10，用于固定在车身上；卷带筒20，容纳于框架10中，用于卷绕和拉出其上缠绕的织带；壳体，固定在框架10的一侧。
锁止结构50包括触发机构509、解耦机构512、随动盘508、随动盘复位件、定锁轮507、锁止连杆503、联动卡爪510、棘轮511、棘轮卡爪502及棘轮卡爪复位件，定锁轮507及棘轮511固定在卷带筒20上，联动卡爪510转动连接在随动盘508上，棘轮卡爪502转动连接在框架10的一侧，锁止连杆503的一端转动连接在框架10的一侧，另一端与随动盘508活动连接。被联动卡爪510带动的棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511卡接，以锁止卷带筒20。解耦机构512设置为：在棘轮卡爪502向靠近棘轮511的方向旋转至设定区域后且在棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511完全啮合之前，解耦机构512能够使联动卡爪510与定锁轮507分离。
具体为，在车辆的加速度超过预设值、安全带卷绕装置的织带拉出并带动安全带卷绕装置的卷带筒20、棘轮511及定锁轮507一体旋转时，触发机构509被触发，以驱动联动卡爪510旋转以与定锁轮507啮合，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第一阶段；之后，由于联动卡爪510与定锁轮507啮合，联动卡爪510转动连接在随动盘508上，随动盘508、定锁轮507、棘轮511及卷带筒20一体地向织带拉出方向旋转，由于锁止连杆503的另一端与随动盘508活动连接，随动盘508带动锁止连杆503向织带拉出方向旋转，锁止连杆503的外表面推动棘轮卡爪502以带动棘轮卡爪502向靠近棘轮511的方向旋转至棘轮卡爪502的爪子502b与棘轮511接近啮合的设定区域，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第二阶段；之后，棘轮511跟随卷带筒20继续旋转预设角度以与棘轮卡爪502完全啮合，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第三阶段。卷带筒20是受织带的拉出而旋转，因而，在棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502未完全啮合之前，卷带筒20始终向织带拉出方向旋。棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511的单向啮合特性，在棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511的啮合状态下，棘轮511在织带拉出方向的旋转受到限制，棘轮511在织带卷收方向的旋转不受限制。其中，卷带筒20在锁止第一阶段、锁止第二阶段及锁止第三阶段的旋转角度之和为锁止角，即触发机构509被触发至棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511完全啮合这一整个过程，卷带筒20的旋转角度为锁止角；解耦机构512能够在锁止第二阶段之后及棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502完全啮合之前(在棘轮卡爪502向靠近棘轮511的方向旋转至设定区域后且在棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511完全啮合之前)解除联动卡爪510与定锁轮507的啮合(使联动卡爪510与定锁轮507分离)，以使得在随动盘复位件的回复力作用下，随动盘508、联动卡爪510及锁止连杆503能够在棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502完全啮合之前回到初始位置，锁止连杆503的外表面与棘轮卡爪502脱离接触。
棘轮卡爪502进入设定区域(啮合范围)时，棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511的棘齿处于接近啮合的 状态，即棘轮卡爪502的爪子502b进入到棘轮511的两个棘齿之间，棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511并未完全啮合。参见图13，棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511完全啮合时，棘轮卡爪502的爪子502b与棘轮511的棘齿抵紧。即，设定区域为棘轮卡爪502的爪子502b开始进入棘轮511的两个棘齿之间到与棘轮511的棘齿完全抵紧贴附的这一区域。
其中，锁止连杆503带动棘轮卡爪502向靠近棘轮511的方向旋转时，锁止连杆503的外表面503a推动棘轮卡爪502。
在随动盘508、联动卡爪510及锁止连杆503回到初始位置，且在棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502啮合状态下(锁止状态)，使卷带筒20向织带卷收方向旋转能够使棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502恰好脱开的角度为解锁角，解锁角小于安全带卷绕装置的锁止角。即，解锁角为使棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502脱开的卷带筒20的最小旋转角度。棘轮51与棘轮卡爪502脱开后，棘轮卡爪502在棘轮卡爪复位件的回复力作用下回到初始位置；其中，解锁角大于或等于预设角度且小于锁止角。
使卷带筒20向织带卷收方向旋转的动力来自于下文中的蜗卷弹簧机构80。
由于在棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502完全啮合之前(安全带卷绕装置锁止之前)，随动盘508、联动卡爪510及锁止连杆503已经回到了初始位置。因而，在解锁时，在解锁时，使棘轮卡爪502与定锁轮507已经分离的过程已经不再需要，解锁角只需要使得棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502脱开即可，解锁角远小于锁止角。这样，相对于现有技术，可以大幅减小解锁角，消除因为旋转角度余量不足引起的解锁不完全、解锁状态不清晰的风险。另外，能够避免联动卡爪510在锁止与解锁过程中一直与定锁轮507啮合存在的冲击力问题，降低联动卡爪510的损坏风险，延长联动卡爪510的使用寿命。
优选地，解锁角小于卷带筒20在锁止第二阶段及锁止第三阶段所旋转的角度之和。即，相对于现有技术，本申请的安全带卷绕装置的解锁角至少能够减少卷带筒20在锁止第一阶段的旋转角度。设计时，解锁角等于预设角度(卷带筒20在锁止第三阶段的旋转角度)加上设计余量角度，设计余量角度远小于卷带筒20在锁止第二阶段的旋转角度，设计余量角度大于或等于0。
随动盘508及定锁轮507设置在壳体内，壳体能够对随动盘508及定锁轮507形成防护。定锁轮507及棘轮511固定在卷带筒20上；触发机构509及解耦机构90连接在壳体上。
在框架10的一侧壁101上端和另一侧壁105上端之间架设有连接片103。连接片103固定在车身上。连接片103上形成有插通孔104。
卷带筒20在框架10的一侧壁101和另一侧壁105之间。卷带筒20上卷有长带状的织带。在织带的底端装有圆柱状轴，圆柱状轴与卷带筒20卡定。将织带的底端附近贯穿插入卷带筒20。由此，织带与卷带筒20卡定。此外，织带贯穿上述插通孔104并系于乘客身上。卷带筒20通过向卷绕方向旋转来卷绕织带。另一方面，卷带筒20通过向拉出方向旋转来拉出织带。
安全带卷绕装置10还具有蜗卷弹簧机构80，通过螺钉或配合爪(卡接)等配合将蜗卷弹簧机构80固定在框架10的另一侧壁105上，蜗卷弹簧机构80由卷簧外盖、蜗卷弹簧和弹簧底座组成。蜗卷弹簧机构80的作用是对织带提供能量，当织带拉出时，蜗卷弹簧机构80储存能量使织带产生拉 阻力。当松开织带时，蜗卷弹簧机构80释放能量使织带向卷绕方向旋转。蜗卷弹簧机构80可以采用单独的卷簧，也可以采用电机与卷簧的组合结构。
卷带筒20具有主体部分及设置在主体部分的中心孔处的扭力杆，扭力杆由扭转轴201(能量吸收部件)和扭转轴套筒(图中未示出)构成。扭转轴201受到大于或等于规定负荷的扭转负荷时，可产生扭转变形。扭转轴201和卷带筒20的主体部分成一体地进行旋转。
棘轮511的轴芯处一体形成或者固定有一套筒513，套筒513的轴芯处形成有连通的滚花孔5131及安装孔，滚花孔5131的周壁上形成有滚花面，扭转轴套筒包括筒状部及连接在筒状部外侧中央部位的突出轴，筒状部通过过盈压装在安装孔中从而与棘轮511压接成一体。扭转轴201的一端部连接在卷带筒20的主体部分的一端，扭转轴201的另一端部插入筒状部中。这样，除扭转轴201产生扭转变形的情况以外，棘轮511和扭转轴套筒在其他情况下都与扭转轴201以及卷带筒20的主体部分成一体地进行旋转。
在滚花孔5131的整个周面上通过滚花加工形成有滚花面。
安全带卷绕装置还包括设置在框架10的一侧壁101外侧的预拉紧机构30，预拉紧机构30可以是烟火式预拉紧机构。预拉紧机构30包括气缸302、连接在气缸302的一端的气体发生器301、设置在气缸302中活塞(图中未示出)、一体地形成或固定在活塞的外侧端的齿条304、小齿轮306及离合板307。
然而，也可以使用电机式预拉紧机构。
小齿轮306配置在棘轮511的一侧。在小齿轮306的一侧配置有齿轮盖60，齿轮盖60的中心侧形成有孔601。齿轮盖60通过螺钉固定到框架10的一侧壁101上。小齿轮306的一侧设置有轴伸部3061，小齿轮306的轴伸部3061穿过上述孔601，并通过卡簧308限制轴向位移，以使得小齿轮306可自由旋转地支撑于齿轮盖60上。另一方面，在小齿轮306的另一侧设置有凸轮309。在凸轮309的外周上相互交错地形成有凹部和凸部。凸轮309插入到滚花孔5131内。凸轮309在正常情况下不与滚花面接触。由此，通常情况下，棘轮511和扭转轴套筒可与小齿轮306相互独立地进行旋转。
离合板307配置在棘轮511和小齿轮306之间。在离合板307的中心侧形成有多个啮合爪。各啮合爪与凸轮309的各凹部相嵌合。由此将离合板307安装到小齿轮306上。各啮合爪与凸轮309插入滚花孔5131内。各啮合爪不与滚花面发生接触。由此棘轮511和扭转轴套筒可与离合板307相对独立地进行旋转。此外，在离合板307的外周上形成有多个切槽。
气缸302放置在小齿轮306的上方，固定于框架10的一侧壁101的外侧。在气缸302的上侧端设有气体发生器301。在气缸302的上侧端固定有带底圆筒状的发生器罩。在发生器罩将该气体发生器301盖住的状态下，气体发生器301位于气缸302的上侧端。
活塞从气缸302的下端插入到气缸302的内部。在活塞的上端设有O型密封圈303。O型密封圈303密封于活塞的上端与气缸302的内壁之间。并且，在活塞的下端以外的部位形成有齿条304。
安全带卷绕装置还包括设置在框架10的一侧壁101与预拉紧机构30之间设有齿轮箱40。齿轮箱40包覆棘轮511的一侧。在齿轮箱40的中央形成有圆状通孔401。圆状通孔401使棘轮511的滚 花孔5131外露。
壳体包括外罩90与中盖505。中盖505形成为凹形且固定在框架10的一侧壁101上。齿轮盖60的一部分定位在中盖505内。中盖505固定在框架10一侧。外罩90设置在中盖505的外侧，外罩90的外周边部分等处形成配合爪，并且通过将配合爪与框架10一侧的预定区域装配在一起而使外罩90与框架10固定连接。扭转轴套筒的突出轴穿过中盖505在该处被可转动地支撑。
定锁轮507设置在中盖505和随动盘508之间。定锁轮507同轴且一体地固定在扭转轴套筒上。随动盘508设置在定锁轮507的靠近外罩90的一侧。
扭转轴套筒的突出轴同轴地穿过随动盘508上的通孔使随动盘508可转动地支承在扭转轴套筒的突出轴处。随动盘复位件为随动盘复位弹簧508c，随动盘复位弹簧508c的一端固定在随动盘508上，另一端固定在中盖505上。本实施例中，随动盘复位弹簧508c是螺旋弹簧。
随动盘508上设置有旋转导向孔508b，锁止连杆503上设置有连接柱5033，连接柱5033穿过旋转导向孔508b；棘轮卡爪502上设置有锁定柱5021，锁止连杆503上设置有减重槽5032；锁止连杆503的旋转中心与连接柱5033不同轴。随动盘508沿织带拉出方向旋转时，旋转导向孔508b通过驱动连接柱5033沿旋转导向孔508b向靠近定锁轮507的中心滑动(由旋转导向孔508b的外端向内端滑动)进而带动锁止连杆503沿织带拉出方向旋转，在棘轮卡爪复位件的弹力作用下，锁止连杆503的外表面与棘轮卡爪502外表面抵触，锁止连杆503的外表面驱动棘轮卡爪502旋转。
联动卡爪510包括联动卡爪主体5101、爪部510c及解耦块510b，爪部510c设置在联动卡爪主体5101的一端，解耦块510b设置在联动卡爪主体5101背离框架10的一侧表面上。在随动盘508的边缘位置分别形成杆容纳部508d及上述的旋转导向孔508b。在杆容纳部508d处，杆容纳部508d设置有与卷带筒20的轴线平行且向外侧伸出的轴508a。联动卡爪510的一端部具有供上述轴508a穿过的筒体510d，以使得联动卡爪510由上述轴508a支承，从而可围绕上述轴508a转动。510d外周面上设置有限位块510f，限位块510f用于联动卡爪510的旋转限位。
随动盘508的外壁上设置有与杆容纳部508d相通的通孔，定锁轮507容纳于随动盘508中，定锁轮507的齿由通孔处露出，以便于联动卡爪510与定锁轮507的啮合。
触发机构509设置在联动卡爪510的下方。中盖505上形成有朝着外罩90开口的箱形壳体部分5051。触发机构509的至少一部分容纳在箱形壳体部分5051中。
联动卡爪510还包括连接在联动卡爪主体5101的背离爪部510c的一侧的承力壁510e。触发机构509包括球座509c、球体509b及制动杠杆509a，球座509c固定在壳体上，具体为，球座509c固定容纳在箱形壳体部分5051中。制动杠杆509a的一端转动连接在球座509c上，制动杠杆509a的另一端朝向承力壁510e，球座509c的底部设置有滚动槽，球体509b放置在滚动槽中。
在车辆的加速度超过预设值时，球体509b能够沿滚动槽向上滚动并撞击制动杠杆509a的另一端(承力壁510e)，以使得制动杠杆509a推动联动卡爪510转动并与定锁轮507啮合。
定锁轮507定位在联动卡爪510的转动方向一侧，该联动卡爪510由于被制动杠杆509a驱动而转动。这样，联动卡爪510与定锁轮507能够啮合在一起。在联动卡爪510与定锁轮507啮合时， 定锁轮507沿织带拉出方向的扭矩被传送至联动卡爪510，从而传送至随动盘508，并且随动盘508抵抗随动盘复位弹簧508c的推力而沿织带拉出方向转动。
锁止结构50还包括固定在框架10的一侧壁101上的连杆支座501，连杆支座501位于棘轮511的径向外侧，锁止连杆503的一端转动连接在连杆支座501上，棘轮卡爪复位件为棘轮卡爪复位弹簧502a，棘轮卡爪复位弹簧502a的一端连接在连杆支座501上，另一端连接在棘轮卡爪502上。具体为，连杆支座501的一侧形成有安装柱5011，安装柱5011穿设在锁止连杆503上的定位孔5031中，使锁止连杆503可绕连杆支座501的安装柱5011的中心轴转动。连杆支座501的中部设置有中空的转接柱，棘轮卡爪502转动连接在转接柱上，通过安装螺钉504贯穿棘轮卡爪502和连杆支座501的转接柱以将连杆支座501紧固在框架10的一侧壁101上，这样棘轮卡爪502可旋转地支撑于连杆支座501上，且连杆支座501被固定在框架10上。参见图13，棘轮卡爪502位于棘轮511的径向外侧，棘轮卡爪502临近棘轮511的设置有爪子502b，通过棘轮卡爪502上的爪子502b与棘轮511的啮齿的啮合，能够阻止卷带筒20向织带拉出方向旋转。在棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511的啮合状态下，棘轮511在织带拉出方向的旋转受到限制，棘轮511在织带卷收方向的旋转不受限制。为了更加稳定的锁止棘轮511，爪子502b设置有两个。在棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511的啮合状态下，两个爪子502b与棘轮511上相邻的两个棘齿抵靠。
解耦机构512包括解耦通道5121，解耦通道5121具有归位段51212及连通在归位段51212的一端的引导段51211，归位段51212设置在壳体的临近联动卡爪510的一侧，至少部分引导段51211的开口向远离归位段51212的方向逐渐增大；联动卡爪510向织带拉出方向旋转后，在棘轮卡爪502向靠近棘轮511的方向旋转至设定区域后，解耦块510b移动至归位段51212，归位段51212引导联动卡爪510运动，致联动卡爪510向远离定锁轮507的方向偏转，以使得爪部510c与定锁轮511脱开。具体为，在锁止第二阶段之后，联动卡爪510向织带拉出方向旋转时，引导段51211能够引导解耦块510b进入解耦通道5121，解耦块510b沿解耦通道5121移动至归位段51212时，解耦块510b经过归位段51212引导致联动卡爪510(爪部510c)向远离定锁轮507的方向偏转，以使得爪部510c与定锁轮507脱开。
然而，在第一实施例的一些替代实施例中，也可以取消引导段51211，通过精确的设计，使得解耦块510b能够直接与进入归位段51212。
解耦机构512包括第一挡板512a及第二挡板512b，第一挡板512a及第二挡板512b相对固定地设置在壳体中且间隔设置，具体为，第一挡板512a及第二挡板512b固定或一体形成在外罩90的朝向定锁轮507的内壁上。即，本实施例中，解耦机构512设置在外罩90上。第一挡板512a及第二挡板512b之间的间隔形成解耦通道5121。归位段51212在第一挡板512a及第二挡板512b对应的部分相对引导段51211向远离定锁轮507的中心的方向偏移一定角度。然而，在其它一些实施例中，也可以将解耦机构512设置在中盖505上。
第一挡板512a相较第二挡板512b更为靠近定锁轮507。
更为优选地，第一挡板512a及第二挡板512b为弧形板，引导段51211呈喇叭状，归位段51212 呈弧形。以便于解耦块510b在解耦通道5121中顺畅运动。
本实施例中，还包括联动卡爪复位件(图中未示出)，联动卡爪复位件与联动卡爪510连接，被联动卡爪510转动第一角度后带动的棘轮卡爪502转动第二角度与棘轮511卡接，以锁止卷带筒20，联动卡爪复位件用于带动与定锁轮507脱离后的联动卡爪510复位。
下面对本实施例的织带卷绕装置的锁止与解锁过程进行说明。
在车辆的加速度超过预设值、安全带卷绕装置的织带拉出并带动安全带卷绕装置的卷带筒20沿织带拉出方向旋转时，触发机构509的制动杠杆509a与联动卡爪510的承力壁510e结合并使联动卡爪510的爪部510c与定锁轮507啮合在一起，定锁轮507沿织带拉出方向的扭矩被传送至联动卡爪510，从而传送至随动盘508，随动盘508与定锁轮507一体地旋转，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第一阶段。
之后，由于联动卡爪510与定锁轮507啮合，联动卡爪510转动连接在随动盘508上，随动盘508、定锁轮507、棘轮511及卷带筒20一体地向织带拉出方向旋转，旋转导向孔508b通过驱动连接柱5033沿旋转导向孔508b向靠近定锁轮507的中心滑动(由旋转导向孔508b的外端向内端滑动)进而带动锁止连杆503沿织带拉出方向旋转，锁止连杆503的外表面503a推动棘轮卡爪502以带动棘轮卡爪502向靠近棘轮511的方向旋转至与棘轮511接近啮合的设定区域，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第二阶段，在锁止第二阶段，棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511并未完全啮合。之后，棘轮511跟随卷带筒20继续旋转预设角度以与棘轮卡爪502完全啮合，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第三阶段，安全带卷绕装置进入锁止状态。卷带筒20是受织带的拉出而旋转，因而，在棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502未完全啮合之前，卷带筒20始终向织带拉出方向旋。棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511的单向啮合特性，在棘轮卡爪502与棘轮511的啮合状态下，棘轮511在织带拉出方向的旋转受到限制，棘轮511在织带卷收方向的旋转不受限制。
卷带筒20在锁止第一阶段、锁止第二阶段及锁止第三阶段的旋转角度之和为锁止角。在锁止第二阶段之后或者在锁止第一阶段与锁止第二阶段之间，解耦通道5121的引导段51211引导联动卡爪510上的解耦块510b进入解耦通道5121，由于归位段51212在第一挡板512a及第二挡板512b对应的部分相对引导段51211向远离定锁轮507的中心的方向偏移一定角度，因而在锁止第二阶段之后，解耦块510b沿解耦通道5121移动至解耦通道5121的归位段51212时，联动卡爪510(爪部510c)向远离定锁轮507的方向偏转，以使得爪部510c与定锁轮507脱开，解耦机构512解除联动卡爪510与定锁轮507的啮合，以使得在随动盘复位弹簧508c的回复力作用下，随动盘508、联动卡爪510及锁止连杆503能够在棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502完全啮合之前回到初始位置。
在棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502啮合状态下(锁止状态)，使卷带筒20向织带卷收方向旋转能够使棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502恰好脱开的角度即为解锁角。棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502脱开后，棘轮卡爪502在棘轮卡爪复位弹簧502a的回复力作用下回到初始位置。由于，解锁时，能够使棘轮511与棘轮卡爪502恰好脱开的卷带筒20的旋转角度(解锁角)只需要稍微大于预设角度(卷带筒20在锁止第三阶段的旋转角度)，因而，解锁角远小于锁止角。
第二实施例
参见图10，本申请第二实施例提供的一种安全带卷绕装置，其与第一实施例不同之处在于解耦机构512的结构不同。
第二实施例中，解耦机构512包括解耦条512A，归位段置于解耦条512A上，解耦条512A背向定锁轮507的一侧表面具有归位面5122A及连接在归位面5122A的一端的引导面5121A，引导面5121A沿定锁轮507的圆周方向延伸，归位面5122A向背离定锁轮507的方向弯曲；即，解耦条512A呈L形。引导面5121A能够引导解耦块510b与解耦条512A接触。解耦块510b移动至归位段后，联动卡爪510向远离定锁轮507的方向偏转，以使得爪部510c与定锁轮504脱开。
具体为，在锁止第二阶段之后或者在锁止第一阶段与锁止第二阶段之间，联动卡爪510向织带拉出方向旋转时，引导面5121A能够引导解耦块510b与解耦条512A接触，在锁止第二阶段之后，解耦块510b沿解耦条512A背向定锁轮507的一侧表面移动至与归位面5122A接触时，归位面5122A止挡解耦块510b，由于解耦块510b不能继续转动，联动卡爪510与定锁轮507具有分离趋势，联动卡爪510向远离定锁轮507的方向偏转，以使得爪部510c与定锁轮507脱开。
相对于第一实施例，第二实施例的解耦机构512只具有一个解耦条512A，结构更为简单，有利于降低成本。
然而，在第二实施例的一些替代实施例中，也可以取消引导面5121A，通过精确的设计，使得解耦块510b能够直接与解耦条512A接触。
第三实施例
参见图11，本申请第三实施例提供的一种安全带卷绕装置，其与第一实施例不同之处在于解耦机构512的结构不同。
第三实施例中，解耦机构512包括解耦摩擦条512B，解耦摩擦条512B背向定锁轮507的一侧表面沿定锁轮507的圆周方向延伸，且具有归位段5122B及连接在归位段5122B一端的引导段5121B，归位段5122B的摩擦系数大于引导段5121B的摩擦系数。解耦块510b移动至归位段5122B后，联动卡爪510向远离定锁轮507的方向偏转，以使得爪部510c与定锁轮504脱开。
具体为，在锁止第二阶段之后或者在锁止第一阶段与锁止第二阶段之间，联动卡爪510向织带拉出方向旋转时，引导段5121B能够引导解耦块510b与解耦摩擦条512B以第一摩擦力接触，在锁止第二阶段之后，解耦块510b沿解耦摩擦条512B背向定锁轮507的一侧表面移动至与归位段5122B接触时，解耦块510b与解耦摩擦条5122B的摩擦力将因摩擦系数的增大而增大至第二摩擦力，以使得第二摩擦力作用在解耦块510b的转矩指向背离定锁轮507的方向，以使得联动卡爪510向远离定锁轮507的方向偏转，以使得爪部510c与定锁轮507脱开。
使得归位段5122B的摩擦系数大于引导段5121B的摩擦系数可以有以下方法；
(1)引导段5121B及归位段5122B背向定锁轮507的一侧表面上设置锯齿，并使得引导段5121B的锯齿间隔大于归位段5122B的锯齿间隔。
(2)归位段5122B上加工出凹凸结构以增大归位段5122B的摩擦系数。
(3)归位段5122B上贴附大于引导段5121B的摩擦系数的材料。
相对于第一实施例，第三实施例的解耦机构512只有一个解耦摩擦条512B，结构更为简单，有利于降低成本。
第四实施例
参见图12，本申请第四实施例提供的一种安全带卷绕装置，其与第一实施例不同之处在于解耦机构512的结构不同。
第四实施例中，解耦机构包括相对设置的第一解耦摩擦条512C及第二解耦摩擦条512D，第一解耦摩擦条512C及第二解耦摩擦条512D之间形成解耦通道，第一解耦摩擦条512C相较于第二解耦摩擦条512D更为靠近定锁轮507，第一解耦摩擦条512C至少在归位段的部位设有第一摩擦面5121C，第二解耦摩擦条512D至少在归位段的部位设有第二摩擦面5121D。第一摩擦面5121C背离定锁轮507一侧设置，第二摩擦面5121D朝向第一解耦摩擦条的一侧。在解耦块510b与第一解耦摩擦条512C及第二解耦摩擦条512D接触时，解耦块510b朝向定锁轮507的一侧表面与第一摩擦面5121C之间的第一摩擦力大于解耦块510b背向定锁轮507的一侧表面与第二摩擦面5121D之间的第二摩擦力。
具体为，在锁止第二阶段之后或者在锁止第一阶段与锁止第二阶段之间，联动卡爪510向织带拉出方向旋转时，第一导摩擦面5121C及第二摩擦面5121D能够引导解耦块510b进入解耦通道，解耦块510b朝向定锁轮507的一侧表面与第一摩擦面5121C以第一摩擦力接触，解耦块510b背向定锁轮507的一侧表面与第二摩擦面5121D以第二摩擦力接触，以使得第一摩擦力与第二摩擦力对解耦块510b的合成转矩指向背离定锁轮507的方向，以使得联动卡爪510向远离定锁轮507的方向偏转，以使得爪部510c与定锁轮507脱开。
相对于第一实施例，第四实施例的解耦机构512的解耦通道可以保持同样的走向，不需要设置复杂变化的解耦通道，结构更为简单，有利于降低成本。
另外，本申请实施例还提供一种运载工具，其包括上述实施例的安全带卷绕装置。运载工具，例如为车辆。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，包括：
    定锁轮(507)；
    联动卡爪(510)，所述联动卡爪(510)在被触发后能够与所述定锁轮(507)卡合；
    棘轮(511)，所述棘轮(511)用于与卷带筒(20)固定连接；
    棘轮卡爪(502)，被所述联动卡爪(510)带动的所述棘轮卡爪(502)与所述棘轮(511)卡接，以锁止所述卷带筒(20)；
    解耦机构(512)，所述解耦机构(512)设置为：在所述棘轮卡爪(502)向靠近所述棘轮(511)的方向旋转至设定区域后且在所述棘轮卡爪(502)与所述棘轮(511)完全啮合之前，所述解耦机构(512)能够使所述联动卡爪(510)与所述定锁轮(507)分离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，还包括归位段(51212)，所述归位段(51212)设置在安全带卷绕装置的壳体的临近所述联动卡爪(510)的一侧，所述联动卡爪(510)包括联动卡爪主体(5101)、爪部(510c)及解耦块(510b)，所述爪部(510c)设置在所述联动卡爪主体(5101)的一端，所述解耦块(510b)设置在所述联动卡爪主体(5101)临近所述归位段(51212)的一侧；
    所述解耦块(510b)移动至所述归位段(51212)后，所述联动卡爪(510)向远离所述定锁轮(507)的方向偏转，以使得所述爪部(510c)与所述定锁轮(507)脱开。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，还包括与所述归位段(51212)连接的引导段(51211)，所述归位段(51212)相对于所述引导段(51211)向远离所述定锁轮(507)的中心的方向偏移一定角度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，所述解耦机构(512)包括第一挡板(512a)和第二挡板(512b)，所述第一挡板(512a)和所述第二挡板(512b)间隔设置在壳体中，所述第一挡板(512a)和所述第二挡板(512b)之间的间隔形成解耦通道(5121)，所述解耦通道(5121)包括所述归位段(51212)和引导段(51211)，所述归位段(51212)在所述第一挡板(512a)和所述第二挡板(512b)对应的部分相对所述引导段(51211)向远离所述定锁轮(507)的中心的方向偏移一定角度。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，还包括解耦通道(5121)，所述解耦通道(5121)包括所述归位段(51212)和连通在所述归位段(51212)的一端的引导段(51211)，至少部分所述引导段(51211)的开口向远离所述归位段(51212)的方向逐渐增大。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，所述解耦机构(512)包括解耦条(512A)，所述归位段(51212)置于所述解耦条(512A)上，所述归位段(51212)背向所述定锁轮(507)的一侧表面具有归位面(5122A)，所述归位面(5122A)向背离所述定锁轮(507)的方向弯曲。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，所述解耦条(512A)背向所述定锁轮(507)的一侧表面还具有连接在所述归位面(5122A)的一端的引导面(5121A)，所述引导面(5121A)沿所述定锁轮(507)的圆周方向延伸；
    所述引导面(5121A)能够引导所述解耦块(510b)与所述解耦条(512A)接触。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，所述解耦机构(512)包括解耦摩擦条(512B)，所述解耦摩擦条(512B)背向所述定锁轮(507)的一侧表面沿所述定锁轮(507)的圆周方向延伸，所述摩擦解耦条(512B)包括归位段(5122B)和引导段(5121B)，所述归位段(5122B)的摩擦系数大于所述引导段(5121B)的摩擦系数。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，所述解耦机构(512)包括相对设置的第一解耦摩擦条(512C)及第二解耦摩擦条(512D)，所述第一解耦摩擦条(512C)及第二解耦摩擦条(512D)之间形成解耦通道(5121)，所述第一解耦摩擦条(512C)相较于所述第二解耦摩擦条(512D)更为靠近所述定锁轮(507)，所述第一解耦摩擦条(512C)至少在所述归位段(51212)的部位设有第一摩擦面(5121C)，所述第二解耦摩擦条(512D)至少在所述归位段(51212)的部位设有第二摩擦面(5121D)，所述第一摩擦面(5121C)背离所述定锁轮(507)一侧设置，所述第二摩擦面(5121D)朝向所述第一解耦摩擦条(512C)的一侧；
    在所述解耦块(510b)与所述第一解耦摩擦条(512C)及第二解耦摩擦条(512D)接触时，所述解耦块(510b)朝向所述定锁轮(507)的一侧表面与所述第一摩擦面(5121C)之间的第一摩擦力大于所述解耦块(510b)背向所述定锁轮(507)的一侧表面与所述第二摩擦面(5121D)之间的第二摩擦力。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任意一项所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，还包括联动卡爪复位件，所述联动卡爪复位件与所述联动卡爪(510)连接，被所述联动卡爪(510)转动第一角度后带动的所述棘轮卡爪(502)转动第二角度与所述棘轮(511)卡接，以锁止所述卷带筒(20)，所述联动卡爪复位件用于带动与所述定锁轮(507)脱离后的联动卡爪(510)复位。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，还包括随动盘(508)及锁止连杆(503)，所述棘轮(511)与卷带筒(20)的主体部分连接，所述定锁轮(507)与卷带筒(20)的扭力杆连接，以使得卷带筒(20)带动所述定锁轮(507)转动，所述联动卡爪(510)转动连接于所述随动盘(508)；
    所述锁止连杆(503)的一端转动连接在安全带卷绕装置的框架(10)的一侧，另一端与所述随动盘(508)活动连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，还包括随动盘复位件，在所述棘轮卡爪(502)向靠近所述棘轮(511)的方向旋转至设定区域后且在所述棘轮卡爪(502)与所述棘轮(511)完全啮合之前，在所述随动盘复位件的回复力作用下，所述随动盘(508)、联动卡爪(510)及锁止连杆(503)能够回到初始位置。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，还包括触发机构(509)，车辆的加速度超过预设值、安全带卷绕装置的织带拉出并带动安全带卷绕装置的卷带筒(20)、棘轮 (511)及定锁轮(507)一体旋转，所述触发机构(509)能够驱动所述联动卡爪(510)旋转以与所述定锁轮(507)啮合，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第一阶段；之后，所述随动盘(508)、定锁轮(507)、棘轮(511)及卷带筒(20)一体地向织带拉出方向旋转至所述随动盘(508)带动所述锁止连杆(503)旋转，所述锁止连杆(503)带动所述棘轮卡爪(502)向靠近所述棘轮(511)的方向旋转至与所述棘轮(511)接近啮合的设定区域，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第二阶段；所述棘轮(511)继续旋转预设角度以与所述棘轮卡爪(502)完全啮合，实现安全带卷绕装置的锁止第三阶段；其中，所述卷带筒(20)在锁止第一阶段、锁止第二阶段及锁止第三阶段的旋转角度之和为所述锁止角。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，在所述棘轮(511)与棘轮卡爪(502)啮合状态下，使所述卷带筒(20)向织带卷收方向旋转解锁角能够使所述棘轮与棘轮卡爪(502)恰好脱开，所述解锁角小于所述卷带筒(20)在锁止第二阶段及锁止第三阶段所旋转的角度之和。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，所述联动卡爪(510)还包括连接在所述联动卡爪主体(5101)的背离所述爪部(510c)的一侧的承力壁(510e)；
    所述触发机构(509)包括球座(509c)、球体(509b)及制动杠杆(509a)，所述球座(509c)固定在安全带卷绕装置的壳体上，所述制动杠杆(509a)的一端转动连接在所述球座(509c)上，所述制动杠杆(509a)的另一端朝向所述承力壁(510e)，所述球座(509c)的底部设置有滚动槽，所述球体(509b)放置在所述滚动槽中；
    在车辆的加速度超过预设值时，所述球体(509b)沿所述滚动槽向上滚动并撞击所述制动杠杆(509a)的另一端，以使得所述制动杠杆(509a)推动所述联动卡爪(510)转动并与所述定锁轮(507)啮合。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，所述随动盘(508)上设置有旋转导向孔(508b)，所述锁止连杆(503)上设置有连接柱(5033)，所述连接柱(5033)穿过所述旋转导向孔(508b)；
    所述随动盘(508)沿织带拉出方向旋转时，所述旋转导向孔(508b)通过驱动所述连接柱(5033)而带动所述锁止连杆(503)旋转，所述锁止连杆(503)的外表面驱动所述棘轮卡爪(502)旋转。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，所述随动盘复位件为随动盘复位弹簧(508c)，所述随动盘复位弹簧(508c)的一端连接在所述随动盘(508c)上，另一端连接在壳体上。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构，其特征在于，还包括连杆支座(501)，所述连杆支座(501)固定在安全带卷绕装置的框架(10)的一侧，所述锁止连杆(503)的一端转动连接在所述连杆支座(501)上；
    还包括棘轮卡爪复位件，所述棘轮卡爪复位件为棘轮卡爪复位弹簧(502a)，所述棘轮卡爪复位弹簧(502a)的一端连接在所述连杆支座(501)上，另一端连接在所述棘轮卡爪(502)上。
  19. 一种安全带卷绕装置，其特征在于，包括框架(10)、卷带筒(20)、壳体及权利要求1-18 任意一项所述的安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构；
    所述框架(10)，用于固定在车身上；
    所述卷带筒(20)，容纳于所述框架(10)中，用于卷绕和拉出其上缠绕的织带；
    所述壳体，固定在所述框架(10)的一侧；所述定锁轮(507)设置在所述壳体内，所述定锁轮(507)及棘轮(511)与所述卷带筒(20)连接；
    所述解耦机构(512)连接在所述壳体上。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的安全带卷绕装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括外罩(90)及中盖(505)，所述外罩(90)固定连接在所述中盖(505)上，所述中盖(505)固定在所述框架(10)的一侧；
    所述解耦机构(512)设置在所述外罩(90)或中盖(505)上。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的安全带卷绕装置，其特征在于，所述解耦机构(512)设置在所述外罩(90)的朝向所述定锁轮(507)的内壁上。
  22. 一种运载装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求19至21任意一项所述的安全带卷绕装置。
PCT/CN2024/088265 2023-04-21 2024-04-17 安全带卷绕装置的锁止结构、安全带卷绕装置及运载装置 Ceased WO2024217444A1 (zh)

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CN201501380U (zh) * 2009-09-10 2010-06-09 延锋百利得（上海）汽车安全系统有限公司 一种能够防止末端锁止的紧急锁止式安全带卷收器
JP2018192957A (ja) * 2017-05-18 2018-12-06 オートリブ ディベロップメント エービー シートベルトリトラクタ
CN110962793A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-07 比亚迪股份有限公司 安全带卷绕装置及具有其的车辆
CN112389364A (zh) * 2019-08-16 2021-02-23 比亚迪股份有限公司 安全带用卷绕器及车辆
CN114655157A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2022-06-24 延锋汽车智能安全系统有限责任公司 安全带卷收器和用于安全带卷收器的止动装置

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