WO2024207202A1 - 一种半球形长焦透镜的制备方法及半球形长焦透镜 - Google Patents

一种半球形长焦透镜的制备方法及半球形长焦透镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024207202A1
WO2024207202A1 PCT/CN2023/086207 CN2023086207W WO2024207202A1 WO 2024207202 A1 WO2024207202 A1 WO 2024207202A1 CN 2023086207 W CN2023086207 W CN 2023086207W WO 2024207202 A1 WO2024207202 A1 WO 2024207202A1
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Prior art keywords
hemispherical
optical fiber
spindle
tiny
telephoto lens
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PCT/CN2023/086207
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
顾国强
马璐
张翊
杨慧
巫建东
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of optical lens preparation, and in particular to a preparation method of a hemispherical telephoto lens and the hemispherical telephoto lens.
  • Optical microscopes are the key to open the microscopic world for human beings. They are currently widely used in biomedical, material, chemical, and physical research. However, due to the diffraction limit, its resolution is difficult to break through half of the wavelength (200-300nm). With the advancement of science and technology, there are currently a variety of technical means to break through the diffraction limit and observe the fine structure in the sample. Microstructure lens-assisted super-resolution imaging is one of the simple and easy methods.
  • the microstructure lens After being irradiated by the incident light wave, the microstructure lens will form a beam of photon nanojet on its back with an intensity much higher than the incident light wave and a half-peak full width less than half the wavelength, which can realize the imaging of fine structures smaller than the diffraction limit.
  • the microstructure lenses (such as microspheres, microcolumns, etc.) currently used in this technical field have short focal lengths and small fields of view. They are easy to come into contact with samples during imaging, causing difficulties in scanning imaging and contamination or damage to the samples.
  • the inventor designed a movable, hemispherical telephoto microlens to assist conventional optical microscopes in achieving the purpose of super-resolution imaging of samples without contacting the lens with the sample.
  • Korean patent KR1020010011213A discloses a method and device for manufacturing a micro solid immersion lens, which is used for recording and replaying optical information using the lens
  • Chinese patent CN202210356452.8 discloses a preparation method of a composite structure micro bottle lens and a composite structure micro bottle lens.
  • the microstructure lenses currently used in this technical field have short focal lengths and small fields of view, and are prone to contact with samples during imaging, causing difficulties in scanning and imaging and contamination or damage to the samples.
  • One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a method for preparing a hemispherical telephoto lens, comprising the following steps:
  • the ultraviolet glue forms tiny spindle-shaped droplets
  • the hemispherical tiny spindle-shaped droplets are placed under ultraviolet light for irradiation, and the hemispherical telephoto lens is obtained after solidification.
  • the step of providing a tapered optical fiber specifically includes the following steps:
  • the optical fiber is continuously stretched by the translation stage until the optical fiber breaks.
  • the step of attaching UV glue to the tapered region of the tapered optical fiber specifically includes the following steps:
  • the tapered optical fiber is placed vertically, and ultraviolet glue is dripped on the tapered area of the tapered optical fiber.
  • the ultraviolet glue slides down due to its own gravity, and part of the ultraviolet glue is attached to the tapered area.
  • the step of forming tiny spindle-shaped droplets of the UV glue specifically includes the following steps: the UV glue attached to the conical area forms tiny spindle-shaped droplets under the action of solid-liquid interfacial tension.
  • the step of providing a thin film specifically includes the following steps:
  • the film layer is removed to obtain the film.
  • the substrate in the step of coating a photoresist on a substrate and performing a curing process to form a photoresist layer, the substrate comprises a glass sheet substrate.
  • the curable polymer in the step of coating a curable polymer on the photoresist layer and performing a curing process to form a thin film layer, includes polydimethylsiloxane.
  • the step of moving the tiny spindle-shaped droplets to the film to form the tiny spindle-shaped droplets into a hemispherical shape specifically includes the following steps:
  • the tapered optical fiber containing the tiny spindle-shaped droplets is placed horizontally, and the tiny spindle-shaped droplets are transferred to the film.
  • the tiny spindle-shaped droplets naturally form a hemispherical shape on the surface of the film through the superhydrophobic effect and interface interaction.
  • the second object of the present application is to provide a hemispherical telephoto lens, which is prepared by the hemispherical telephoto lens preparation method.
  • UV glue is attached to the conical area of the tapered optical fiber, the UV glue forms tiny spindle-shaped droplets, the tiny spindle-shaped droplets are moved to the film, the tiny spindle-shaped droplets form a hemispherical shape, the hemispherical tiny spindle-shaped droplets are placed under ultraviolet light for irradiation, and the hemispherical telephoto lens is obtained after curing.
  • the hemispherical telephoto lens and its preparation method provided by the present application use a movable film to support the movement of the hemispherical lens, which not only brings out the telephoto advantage of the hemispherical lens, but also provides the potential for wide field imaging through scanning.
  • the above preparation method is simple, the system is simple, and it is easy to operate and implement. It can prepare a movable telephoto hemispherical lens at a low cost and improve the performance of conventional optical microscopes.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation principle of a tapered optical fiber provided in Example 1;
  • FIG2 is a flow chart of the steps of preparing the tapered optical fiber provided in Example 1;
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the preparation principle of the ultra-thin movable transparent film provided in Example 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the preparation of the film provided in Example 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the preparation process of the hemispherical lens provided in Example 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the steps of a method for preparing a hemispherical telephoto lens provided in Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 7 is a front view (left) and a side view (right) of the hemispherical telephoto lens provided in this embodiment.
  • FIG8 is a diagram of a microsphere lens (left) and a hemispherical lens using finite element simulation software provided in this embodiment. (Right) Schematic diagram comparing focal lengths.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the focal length of the lens calculated using simulation software when there is a film of a certain thickness below the hemispherical lens provided in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a scanning electron microscope image of a DVD disc provided in this embodiment (left) and a movable hemispherical telephoto microlens-assisted microscope for observing DVD disc stripes (right).
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of “plurality” is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation principle of the tapered optical fiber provided in this embodiment 1, wherein Figure 1 includes an optical fiber coating layer 1, a bare optical fiber 2, a fixing screw 3, an optical bracket 4, a translation stage 5, a butane torch 6, a stretched tapered optical fiber 7, and a broken tapered optical fiber 8.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the steps of the preparation process of the tapered optical fiber provided in this embodiment, including the following steps S110 to S130 .
  • the implementation method of each step is described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 1 .
  • Step S110 Fix one end of the optical fiber with the coating stripped off to an optical connecting rod, and fix the other end to a translation stage.
  • the optical fiber can be a glass optical fiber, a plastic optical fiber, a special stripping optical fiber, etc.
  • the screws used to fix the optical fiber in this embodiment can also be replaced by other clamps with clamping functions.
  • the device used to stretch the optical fiber is not limited to the optical bracket and the translation stage, and other systems or devices with stretching functions can be used.
  • Step S120 heating the optical fiber, and rotating the translation stage to stretch the optical fiber to form a tapered optical fiber.
  • a butane torch may be used to heat the optical fiber, or it may be replaced by other devices with heating functions, such as an arc lighter, an alcohol lamp, a carbon dioxide laser, etc. to heat the optical fiber.
  • Step S130 Continue to stretch the optical fiber by the translation stage until the optical fiber breaks.
  • the optical fiber is stretched by rotating the translation stage to cause the optical fiber to break.
  • the breaking operation of the tapered optical fiber can also be completed by using an optical fiber cutting knife or scissors.
  • the method for preparing the tapered optical fiber provided in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 of the present application is simple in process and easy to implement.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the preparation principle of the ultra-thin movable transparent film provided in Example 2 of the present application, wherein a glass sheet 9, a glue spreader 10, a syringe 11, a photoresist droplet 12, a photoresist layer 13, and an ultraviolet light Lamp 14 , polydimethylsiloxane 15 , film layer 16 , oven 17 , organic solvent 18 , container 19 , porous hard metal sheet 20 .
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the preparation of the thin film provided in Example 2 of the present application, which specifically includes the following steps S210 to S240 .
  • the implementation method of each step is described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 3 .
  • Step S210 coating a photoresist on the substrate and performing a curing process to form a photoresist layer.
  • the substrate comprises a glass sheet substrate.
  • a glass substrate is placed in a coating machine, photoresist is dripped and spin-coated on the substrate using a syringe, and then the glass substrate is placed under an ultraviolet lamp to photocuring the photoresist.
  • photoresist spin-coated on the glass sheet can be replaced by other liquid spin-coated materials soluble in organic solvents.
  • Step S220 coating a curable polymer on the photoresist layer and performing a curing process to form a thin film layer.
  • the curable polymer includes dimethylsiloxane. It is understood that polydimethylsiloxane can be replaced by other liquid spin-coatable materials that are insoluble in organic solvents.
  • the glass sheet is placed on the coating machine, and a curable polymer such as polydimethylsiloxane is dripped and spin-coated upward to form a thin film layer.
  • a curable polymer such as polydimethylsiloxane
  • the glass sheet is placed in an oven to thermally cure the formed polydimethylsiloxane thin film layer.
  • Step S230 immersing the substrate in an organic solvent to dissolve the photoresist layer, and the thin film layer floats on the surface of the organic solvent.
  • the glass sheet is immersed in an organic solvent to dissolve the photoresist layer between the glass sheet substrate and the thin film layer, and then the thin film layer floats on the surface of the organic solvent due to its own buoyancy.
  • Step S240 taking out the thin film layer to obtain the thin film.
  • the thin film is taken out by a metal sheet with a hole in the middle. It is understood that the metal sheet can be replaced by other machinable hard thin materials, such as a glass sheet.
  • the method for preparing the thin film provided in the above-mentioned embodiment 2 of the present application has a simple process and is easy to implement.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of the preparation process of the hemispherical lens provided in the present embodiment 3, wherein: UV glue 12 , UV glue residue 21 , spindle-shaped droplets 22 , hemispherical droplets 24 , and hemispherical telephoto microlenses 25 after UV curing.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a hemispherical telephoto lens provided in this embodiment 3, including the following steps S310 to S360 . The implementation of each step is described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 5 .
  • Step S310 providing a tapered optical fiber.
  • Step S320 attaching ultraviolet glue to the tapered area of the tapered optical fiber.
  • the step of attaching UV glue to the tapered area of the tapered optical fiber specifically includes the following steps: vertically placing the tapered optical fiber, dripping UV glue on the tapered area of the tapered optical fiber, the UV glue slides down due to its own gravity, and part of the UV glue is attached to the tapered area.
  • Step S330 the UV glue forms tiny spindle-shaped droplets.
  • the step of forming tiny spindle-shaped droplets of the UV glue specifically includes the following steps: the UV glue attached to the conical area forms tiny spindle-shaped droplets under the action of solid-liquid interfacial tension.
  • Step S340 providing a film.
  • Step S350 moving the tiny spindle-shaped droplet to the thin film, and the tiny spindle-shaped droplet forms a hemispherical shape.
  • the following steps are specifically included: horizontally placing the tapered optical fiber containing the tiny spindle-shaped droplets, and transferring the tiny spindle-shaped droplets to the film, and the tiny spindle-shaped droplets naturally form a hemispherical shape on the film through the superhydrophobic effect and interface interaction.
  • Step S360 irradiating the hemispherical tiny spindle-shaped droplets under ultraviolet light, and obtaining the hemispherical telephoto lens after curing.
  • the hemispherical telephoto lens and its preparation method provided in Example 3 of the present application utilize a movable film to support the movement of the hemispherical lens, which not only brings out the telephoto advantage of the hemispherical lens, but also provides the potential for wide-field imaging through scanning.
  • the above preparation method is simple, the system is simple, and the operation and implementation are easy. It can prepare a movable telephoto hemispherical lens at a low cost and improve the performance of a conventional optical microscope.
  • FIG. 7 is a front view (left) and a side view (right) of the hemispherical telephoto lens provided in Example 3 of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram comparing the focal lengths of a microsphere lens (left) and a hemispherical lens (right) using finite element simulation software in an embodiment of the present application. Except for the shape, all other settings are consistent.
  • the simulation results show that the focal length of a microsphere lens with a radius of 30 ⁇ m is 9.4 ⁇ m, while the focal length of a hemispherical lens with the same radius is approximately 30 ⁇ m.
  • the focal length of the lens when there is a film of a certain thickness under the hemispherical lens is calculated using simulation software.
  • the focal length of the hemispherical lens with a radius of 30 ⁇ m is still nearly 25 ⁇ m, which is still longer than the focal length of the microsphere lens with a radius of 30 ⁇ m. Therefore, from the simulation results, the hemispherical lens made on the film still has a longer focal length.
  • Figure 10 is a scanning electron microscope image of a DVD disc provided in this embodiment (left) and a movable hemispherical telephoto microlens-assisted microscope to observe DVD disc stripes (right).
  • the hemispherical radius is about 8 ⁇ m, and the minimum feature width of a DVD disc is 340 nm.

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Abstract

一种半球形长焦透镜及其制备方法，该方法包括步骤：在锥光纤（8）的锥形区域附着紫外光胶（12），所述紫外光胶（12）形成微小纺锤形液滴（22），将所述微小纺锤形液滴（22）移至薄膜（16），所述微小纺锤形液滴（22）形成半球状液滴（23），将半球状液滴（23）置于紫外光下照射，固化后得到所述半球形长焦透镜（24）。利用可移动薄膜（16）承托半球形长焦透镜（24）移动，既发挥出了半球形长焦透镜（24）的长焦优势，也提供了通过扫描实现宽视场成像的潜力。该制备方法简单、系统简易、操作和实现容易。

Description

一种半球形长焦透镜的制备方法及半球形长焦透镜 技术领域
本申请涉及光学透镜制备技术领域，特别涉及一种半球形长焦透镜的制备方法及半球形长焦透镜。
背景技术
光学显微镜是人类打开微观世界的钥匙，目前广泛运用于生物医学、材料、化学、物理研究中。但受限于衍射极限，其分辨率难以突破波长的一半(200-300nm)。随着科技的进步，目前有多种技术手段可以突破衍射极限观察到样品中的精细结构，微结构透镜辅助超分辨成像是其中一种简单易行的方法。微结构透镜在受到入射光波照射后，在其背面会形成一束强度远高于入射光波、半峰全宽小于半波长的光子纳米喷流，可实现对小于衍射极限的精细结构的成像。目前在这一技术领域使用的微结构透镜(如微球、微柱等)焦距短、视场小，成像时易与样品发生接触，造成扫描成像困难和对样品的污染或损伤。针对此问题发明人设计了一款可移动的、半球形长焦微透镜，在透镜不与样品接触的前提下，辅助常规光学显微镜达到对样品超分辨成像的目的。
韩国专利KR1020010011213A，公开了一种用于制造微型固体浸没透镜的方法和装置，用于使用所述透镜的光学信息记录重放；中国专利CN202210356452.8公开了一种复合结构微瓶透镜的制备方法及复合结构微瓶透镜。但是目前在这一技术领域使用的微结构透镜焦距短、视场小，成像时易与样品发生接触，造成扫描成像困难和对样品的污染或损伤。
发明内容
鉴于此，有必要针对现有技术中存在的缺陷提供一种在透镜不与样品接触的前提下，达到超分辨成像被测样品的目的的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法及半球形长焦透镜。
为解决上述问题，本申请采用下述技术方案：
本申请目的之一，提供一种半球形长焦透镜的制备方法，包括下述步骤：
提供一锥光纤；
在所述锥光纤的锥形区域附着紫外光胶；
所述紫外光胶形成微小纺锤形液滴；
提供一薄膜；
将所述微小纺锤形液滴移至所述薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴形成半球状；
对半球状的所述微小纺锤形液滴置于紫外光下照射，固化后得到所述半球形长焦透镜。
在其中一些实施例中，在提供一锥光纤的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：
将剥离了涂覆层的光纤一端固定于光学接杆，另一端固定于位移台；
加热所述光纤，旋转所述位移台以拉伸所述光纤，形成锥形光纤；
通过所述位移台继续拉伸所述光纤，直至所述光纤断裂。
在其中一些实施例中，在所述锥光纤的锥形区域附着紫外光胶的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：
竖直放置所述锥光纤，在所述锥光纤的锥形区域滴加紫外光胶，所述紫外光胶因自身重力滑落，在所述锥形区域附着有部分紫外光胶。
在其中一些实施例中，所述紫外光胶形成微小纺锤形液滴的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：附着在所述锥形区域的紫外光胶在固-液界面张力的作用下形成微小纺锤形液滴。
在其中一些实施例中，在提供一薄膜的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：
在基底上涂覆光刻胶并进行固化处理以形成光刻胶层；
在所述光刻胶层上涂覆可固化聚合物并进行固化处理以形成薄膜层；
将所述基底浸没于有机溶剂中，溶解所述光刻胶层，所述薄膜层漂浮于所述有机溶剂表面；
取出所述薄膜层得到所述薄膜。
在其中一些实施例中，在基底上涂覆光刻胶并进行固化处理以形成光刻胶层的步骤中，所述基底包括玻璃片基底。
在其中一些实施例中，在所述光刻胶层上涂覆可固化聚合物并进行固化处理以形成薄膜层的步骤中，所述可固化聚合物包括聚二甲基硅氧烷。
在其中一些实施例中，在将所述微小纺锤形液滴移至所述薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴形成半球状的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：
将含有所述微小纺锤形液滴的锥光纤水平放置，并将所述微小纺锤形液滴转移至所述薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴通过超疏水效应和界面相互作用在所述薄膜表面自然形成半球状。
本申请目的之二，提供了一种半球形长焦透镜，由所述的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法制备得到。
本申请采用上述技术方案，其有益效果如下：
本申请提供的半球形长焦透镜及其制备方法，在锥光纤的锥形区域附着紫外光胶，所述紫外光胶形成微小纺锤形液滴，将所述微小纺锤形液滴移至薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴形成半球状，对半球状的所述微小纺锤形液滴置于紫外光下照射，固化后得到所述半球形长焦透镜，本申请提供的半球形长焦透镜及其制备方法，利用可移动薄膜承托半球透镜移动，既发挥出了半球透镜的长焦优势，也提供了通过扫描实现宽视场成像的潜力。此外上述制备方法简单、系统简易、操作和实现容易，能在低成本的情况下，制备可移动长焦半球透镜，改进常规光学显微镜性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实施例1提供的锥光纤的制备原理示意图；
图2为实施例1提供的锥光纤的制备流程的步骤流程图；
图3为实施例2提供的超薄可移动透明薄膜的制备原理图；
图4为实施例2提供的薄膜的制备流程图。
图5为实施例3提供的半球透镜的制备过程图。
图6为本实施例3提供的一种半球形长焦透镜的制备方法的步骤流程图。
图7为本实施例提供的半球形长焦透镜的正视图(左)及侧视图(右)。
图8为本实施例提供的利用有限元仿真软件对微球透镜(左)与半球透镜 (右)的焦距进行比较的示意图。
图9为本实施例提供的利用仿真软件计算在半球透镜下方有一定厚度的薄膜时透镜的焦距。
图10为本实施例提供的DVD光盘扫描电镜图(左)及可移动半球形长焦微透镜辅助显微镜观察DVD光盘条纹(右)。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。
实施例1
请参阅图1，为本实施例1提供的锥光纤的制备原理示意图，其中，图1中包括光纤涂覆层1、裸光纤2、固定螺丝3、光学支架4、位移台5、丁烷喷灯6、拉伸后的锥形光纤7及断裂后的锥形光纤8。
请参阅图2，为本实施例提供的锥光纤的制备流程的步骤流程图，包括下述步骤S110至步骤S130，以下结合图1详细说明各个步骤的实现方式。
步骤S110：将剥离了涂覆层的光纤一端固定于光学接杆，另一端固定于位移台。
在本实施例中，光纤可以为玻璃光纤、塑料光纤、特种剥离光纤等。
本实施例中用于固定光纤的螺丝，也可用其他具有夹持功能的夹具替换。用于拉伸光纤的器件，可不限于光学支架、位移台，其他具有拉伸功能的系统或器件皆可。
步骤S120：加热所述光纤，旋转所述位移台以拉伸所述光纤，形成锥形光纤。
在本实施例中，可以采用丁烷喷灯加热所述光纤，或者可用其他具有加热功能的器件替换，如电弧打火机、酒精灯、二氧化碳激光器等加热所述光纤。
步骤S130：通过所述位移台继续拉伸所述光纤，直至所述光纤断裂。
可以理解，在本实施例中，通过旋转位移台拉伸所述光纤使得所述光纤断裂，在实际中锥光纤的断裂操作也可通过光纤切割刀或剪刀完成。
本申请上述实施例1提供的锥光纤的制备方法工艺简单，易于实现。
实施例2
请参阅图3，为本申请实施例2提供的超薄可移动透明薄膜的制备原理图，其中，玻璃片9、匀胶机10、针筒11、光刻胶液滴12、光刻胶层13、紫外光 灯14、聚二甲基硅氧烷15、薄膜层16、烘箱17、有机溶剂18、容器19、含孔硬质金属薄片20。
请参阅图4，为本申请实施例2提供的薄膜的制备流程图，具体包括下述步骤S210至步骤S240，以下结合图3详细说明各个步骤的实现方式。
步骤S210：在基底上涂覆光刻胶并进行固化处理以形成光刻胶层。
在本实施例中，所述基底包括玻璃片基底。
请结合图3，在本实施例中，将玻璃片基底置于匀胶机，在基底上方利用针筒滴加、旋涂光刻胶，再将玻璃片置于紫外光灯下，光固化光刻胶。
可以理解，在玻璃片上旋涂的光刻胶，可替换为其他可溶于有机溶剂的液态可旋涂材料。
步骤S220：在所述光刻胶层上涂覆可固化聚合物并进行固化处理以形成薄膜层。
在本实施例中，所述可固化聚合物包括二甲基硅氧烷。可以理解，聚二甲基硅氧烷可替换为其他不溶于有机溶剂的液态可旋涂材料。
具体地，将玻璃片继续置于匀胶机上，向上滴加、旋涂聚二甲基硅氧烷等可固化聚合物，形成薄膜层。将玻璃片置于烘箱，热固化形成的聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜层。
步骤S230：将所述基底浸没于有机溶剂中，溶解所述光刻胶层，所述薄膜层漂浮于所述有机溶剂表面。
可以理解，将玻璃片浸没于有机溶剂中，溶解玻璃片基底与薄膜层中间的光刻胶层，之后薄膜层因为自身浮力，漂浮于有机溶剂表面。
步骤S240：取出所述薄膜层得到所述薄膜。
在本实施例中，用中间挖孔的金属薄片将薄膜取出。可以理解，金属薄片可用其他可加工硬质薄材料替换，如玻璃片。
本申请上述实施例2提供的薄膜的制备方法工艺简单，易于实现。
实施例3
请参阅图5，为本实施例3提供的半球透镜的制备过程图，其中：紫外光胶12、紫外光胶残留21、纺锤形液滴22、半球状液滴24、紫外光固化后半球形长焦微透镜25。
请参阅图6，为本实施例3提供的一种半球形长焦透镜的制备方法的步骤流程图，包括下述步骤S310至步骤S360，以下结合图5详细说明各个步骤的实现方式。
步骤S310：提供一锥光纤。
其详细实现方式可参见实施例1，这里不再赘述。
步骤S320：在所述锥光纤的锥形区域附着紫外光胶。
在其中一些实施例中，在所述锥光纤的锥形区域附着紫外光胶的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：竖直放置所述锥光纤，在所述锥光纤的锥形区域滴加紫外光胶，所述紫外光胶因自身重力滑落，在所述锥形区域附着有部分紫外光胶。
步骤S330：所述紫外光胶形成微小纺锤形液滴。
在其中一些实施例中，所述紫外光胶形成微小纺锤形液滴的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：附着在所述锥形区域的紫外光胶在固-液界面张力的作用下形成微小纺锤形液滴。
步骤S340：提供一薄膜。
其详细实现方式可参见实施例2，这里不再赘述。
步骤S350：将所述微小纺锤形液滴移至所述薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴形成半球状。
在其中一些实施例中，在将所述微小纺锤形液滴移至所述薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴形成半球状的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：将含有所述微小纺锤形液滴的锥光纤水平放置，并将所述微小纺锤形液滴转移至所述薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴通过超疏水效应和界面相互作用在薄膜上自然形成半球状。
步骤S360：对半球状的所述微小纺锤形液滴置于紫外光下照射，固化后得到所述半球形长焦透镜。
本申请实施例3提供的半球形长焦透镜及其制备方法，利用可移动薄膜承托半球透镜移动，既发挥出了半球透镜的长焦优势，也提供了通过扫描实现宽视场成像的潜力。此外上述制备方法简单、系统简易、操作和实现容易，能在低成本的情况下，制备可移动长焦半球透镜，改进常规光学显微镜性能。
请参阅图7，为本申请实施例3提供的半球形长焦透镜的正视图(左)及侧视图(右)。
请参阅图8，为本申请实施例利用有限元仿真软件对微球透镜(左)与半球透镜(右)的焦距进行比较示意图，除形状外其他设置均一致，仿真结果显示半径为30μm的微球透镜焦距为9.4μm，而相同半径的半球透镜焦距约为30μm。
请参阅图9，为本申请实施例考虑到薄膜厚度对半球透镜焦距的影响，利用仿真软件计算了在半球透镜下方有一定厚度的薄膜时透镜的焦距。当薄膜厚度为10μm时，半径为30μm的半球透镜，焦距仍有近25μm，仍比半径为30μm的微球透镜焦距要长，故从仿真结果来看，制作在薄膜上的半球透镜仍有较长的焦距。
请参阅图10，为本实施例提供的DVD光盘扫描电镜图(左)以及可移动半球形长焦微透镜辅助显微镜观察DVD光盘条纹(右)。半球半径约为8μm，DVD光盘的最小特征宽度为340nm。
可以理解，以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，仅具体描述了本申请的技术原理，这些描述只是为了解释本申请的原理，不能以任何方式解释为对本申请保护范围的限制。基于此处解释，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进，及本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本申请的其他具体实施方式，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种半球形长焦透镜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括下述步骤：
    提供一锥光纤；
    在所述锥光纤的锥形区域附着紫外光胶；
    所述紫外光胶形成微小纺锤形液滴；
    提供一薄膜；
    将所述微小纺锤形液滴移至所述薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴形成半球状；
    对半球状的所述微小纺锤形液滴置于紫外光下照射，固化后得到所述半球形长焦透镜。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法，其特征在于，在提供一锥光纤的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：
    将剥离了涂覆层的光纤一端固定于光学接杆，另一端固定于位移台；
    加热所述光纤，旋转所述位移台以拉伸所述光纤，形成锥形光纤；
    通过所述位移台继续拉伸所述光纤，直至所述光纤断裂。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法，其特征在于，在所述锥光纤的锥形区域附着紫外光胶的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：
    竖直放置所述锥光纤，在所述锥光纤的锥形区域滴加紫外光胶，所述紫外光胶因自身重力滑落，在所述锥形区域附着有部分紫外光胶。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述紫外光胶形成微小纺锤形液滴的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：附着在所述锥形区域 的紫外光胶在固-液界面张力的作用下形成微小纺锤形液滴。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法，其特征在于，在提供一薄膜的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：
    在基底上涂覆光刻胶并进行固化处理以形成光刻胶层；
    在所述光刻胶层上涂覆可固化聚合物并进行固化处理以形成薄膜层；
    将所述基底浸没于有机溶剂中，溶解所述光刻胶层，所述薄膜层漂浮于所述有机溶剂表面；
    取出所述薄膜层得到所述薄膜。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法，其特征在于，在基底上涂覆光刻胶并进行固化处理以形成光刻胶层的步骤中，所述基底包括玻璃片基底。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法，其特征在于，在所述光刻胶层上涂覆可固化聚合物并进行固化处理以形成薄膜层的步骤中，所述可固化聚合物包括聚二甲基硅氧烷。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法，其特征在于，在将所述微小纺锤形液滴移至所述薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴形成半球状的步骤中，具体包括下述步骤：
    将含有所述微小纺锤形液滴的锥光纤水平放置，并将所述微小纺锤形液滴转移至所述薄膜，所述微小纺锤形液滴通过超疏水效应和界面相互作用在所述薄膜表面自然形成半球状。
  9. 一种半球形长焦透镜，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至8任一项所述的半球形长焦透镜的制备方法制备得到。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2213327A1 (en) * 1997-08-19 1999-02-19 Telecommunications Research Laboratories Improvements in microlens fabrication
JP2004341167A (ja) * 2003-05-15 2004-12-02 Seiko Epson Corp 液滴吐出機構および液滴硬化機構を含む部材形成装置ならびに部材形成方法
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