WO2024202210A1 - 眼科装置及び眼科装置の作動方法 - Google Patents

眼科装置及び眼科装置の作動方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024202210A1
WO2024202210A1 PCT/JP2023/041450 JP2023041450W WO2024202210A1 WO 2024202210 A1 WO2024202210 A1 WO 2024202210A1 JP 2023041450 W JP2023041450 W JP 2023041450W WO 2024202210 A1 WO2024202210 A1 WO 2024202210A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
head
axis
eye
inspection head
examination
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2023/041450
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
高明 柴野
佑樹 望月
南 鈴木
将 山部
浩一 月原
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Topcon Corp
Original Assignee
Topcon Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Topcon Corp filed Critical Topcon Corp
Priority to CN202380096618.XA priority Critical patent/CN120957651A/zh
Priority to JP2025509696A priority patent/JPWO2024202210A1/ja
Priority to EP23930837.2A priority patent/EP4670616A1/en
Publication of WO2024202210A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024202210A1/ja
Priority to US19/341,138 priority patent/US20260020757A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
    • A61B3/15—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection ; with means for relaxing
    • A61B3/152—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection ; with means for relaxing for aligning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0083—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes provided with means for patient positioning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0075—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes provided with adjusting devices, e.g. operated by control lever
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
    • A61B3/1225—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes using coherent radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/102—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for optical coherence tomography [OCT]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/103—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining refraction, e.g. refractometers, skiascopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ophthalmic device that aligns an examination head with respect to a subject's eye and a method for operating the ophthalmic device.
  • ophthalmic examinations of the subject's eye are performed using ophthalmic equipment.
  • the positioning of the examination head (also called the examination unit) of the ophthalmic equipment relative to the subject's eye, i.e., alignment, is extremely important.
  • a stereo camera is used to take stereoscopic images of the subject's eye, and alignment detection is performed to detect the relative position of the subject's eye with respect to the examination head based on the anterior segment image of the subject's eye obtained by this stereoscopic photography. Then, in the ophthalmic devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the examination head is moved electrically based on the results of the alignment detection, thereby performing auto-alignment of the examination head with respect to the subject's eye.
  • Figure 20 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the relationship between the lens size of the objective lens of the examination head and the working distance of the examination head.
  • the imaging angle of the conventional objective lens 100 provided in the examination head is about 45°.
  • the ophthalmic device is, for example, a fundus camera compatible with wide-angle imaging, an OCT (optical coherence tomography) device, or an SLO (Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope) device
  • an objective lens 102 larger than the objective lens 100 is provided in the examination head due to optical constraints.
  • the working distance d2 between the subject's eye E and the examination head when the objective lens 102 is used is shorter than the working distance d1 between the subject's eye E and the examination head when the objective lens 100 is used.
  • FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the problem caused by the shortening of the working distance between the subject's eye E and the examination head 104.
  • the distance between the subject's forehead and the examination head 104 is about 22 mm
  • the distance between the subject's nose and the examination head 104 is about 2 mm
  • the distance between the subject's cheek and the examination head 104 is about 28 mm. Therefore, the distance between the subject's nose and the examination head 104 is particularly shortened.
  • the present invention has been made in consideration of these circumstances, and aims to provide an ophthalmic device and an operating method for an ophthalmic device that can examine a subject's eye using an examination head without bringing the examination head close to the subject's nose.
  • the ophthalmic device for achieving the object of the present invention comprises an examination head for performing examinations on the subject's eye, and a displacement mechanism for displacing the examination head relative to the subject's eye, where the reference axis is an axis along the line of sight of the subject's eye that is parallel to the front-to-back direction, which is the working distance direction of the examination head, and the tilt axis is an axis inclined outwardly, away from the subject's nose, with the reference axis being centered on the subject's eye, and the displacement mechanism displaces the examination head along the tilt axis to an examination position for the subject's eye.
  • This ophthalmic device allows the examination head to be displaced to the examination position for the subject's eye without having to bring it close to the subject's nose.
  • the displacement mechanism displaces the examination head to the examination position while maintaining a constant inclination angle of the tilt axis relative to the reference axis. This allows the examination head to be displaced to the examination position for the subject's eye without being brought close to the subject's nose.
  • the displacement mechanism includes a movement mechanism that moves the examination head in the front-back, left-right, and up-down directions relative to the subject's eye, and a rotation mechanism that rotates the examination head around a predetermined rotation axis. This allows the examination head to be arbitrarily displaced relative to the subject's eye.
  • the rotation axis is parallel to the up-down direction, and the outward direction is parallel to the left-right direction.
  • the rotation axis is perpendicular to the vertical direction, and the outward direction is upward in the vertical direction.
  • the examination head has an objective lens
  • the rotation mechanism rotates the examination head around the objective lens
  • the movement mechanism moves the examination head and the rotation shaft together in the front-back, left-right, and up-down directions.
  • an ophthalmic device has a rotation axis that is parallel to the vertical direction and the outward direction that is parallel to the horizontal direction, and when the examination head is viewed from one side in the vertical direction, the optical axis of the objective lens is parallel to the front-rear direction and is located between the reference axes of the left and right test eyes at the initial position of the examination head, and includes a drive control unit that controls the driving of the displacement mechanism, and the drive control unit executes a first drive process in which the movement mechanism is driven to move the examination head outward from the initial position to the tilt axis, a second drive process in which the rotation mechanism is driven to rotate the examination head around the rotation axis to make the optical axis of the objective lens parallel to the tilt axis, and a third drive process in which the movement mechanism is driven after the first drive process and the second drive process are completed to move the examination head along the tilt axis to the examination position.
  • an ophthalmic device has a rotation axis parallel to the vertical direction and a left-right direction, and when the examination head is viewed from one side in the vertical direction, the optical axis of the objective lens is parallel to the front-rear direction at the initial position of the examination head and is located between the reference axes of the left and right test eyes, and includes a drive control unit that controls the driving of the displacement mechanism, and the drive control unit drives the moving mechanism to move the examination head forward in the front-rear direction from the initial position toward the test eye, and then performs a first drive process to move the examination head outward to the tilt axis, a second drive process to drive the rotation mechanism to rotate the examination head around the rotation axis to make the optical axis of the objective lens parallel to the tilt axis, and a third drive process to drive the moving mechanism after the first and second drive processes are completed to move the examination head along the tilt axis to the examination position.
  • an ophthalmic device has a rotation axis parallel to the vertical direction and an outward direction parallel to the horizontal direction, and when the examination head is viewed from one side in the vertical direction, the optical axis of the objective lens is parallel to the front-rear direction and is located between the reference axes of the left and right test eyes at the initial position of the examination head, and includes a drive control unit that controls the driving of the displacement mechanism, and the drive control unit drives the moving mechanism and the rotating mechanism to simultaneously move the examination head forward in the front-rear direction toward the test eye, move the examination head outward, and rotate the examination head around the rotation axis, thereby performing a first drive process to move the examination head to the tilt axis and make the optical axis of the objective lens parallel to the tilt axis, and a second drive process to drive the moving mechanism after the first drive process is completed to move the examination head along the tilt axis to the examination position.
  • This allows the examination head to be displaced to the examination position of the test eye without bringing
  • an ophthalmic device has a rotation axis that is perpendicular to the vertical direction and the outward direction is upward in the vertical direction, and when the examination head is viewed from one side in the vertical direction, the optical axis of the objective lens is parallel to the front-back direction and is located between the reference axes of the left and right test eyes in the initial position of the examination head, and is provided with a drive control unit that controls the driving of the displacement mechanism, and the drive control unit executes a first drive process in which the movement mechanism and the rotation mechanism are driven to move the examination head to the tilt axis and make the optical axis of the objective lens parallel to the tilt axis, and a second drive process in which the movement mechanism is driven after completion of the first drive process to move the examination head along the tilt axis to the examination position.
  • the examination head has an objective lens
  • the rotation axis is located forward in the front-to-back direction closer to the subject's eye than the objective lens
  • the movement mechanism moves the examination head and the rotation axis together in the front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-to-down directions.
  • an ophthalmic device has a rotation axis parallel to the vertical direction and an outward direction parallel to the horizontal direction, and when the examination head is viewed from one side in the vertical direction, the optical axis of the objective lens is parallel to the front-rear direction and is located between the reference axes of the left and right test eyes at the initial position of the examination head, and is provided with a drive control unit that controls the drive of the displacement mechanism, and the drive control unit executes a first drive process in which the movement mechanism is driven to move the examination head to a position where the rotation axis coincides with the test eye when viewed from one side, a second drive process in which the rotation mechanism is driven after the first drive process is completed to rotate the examination head around the rotation axis, thereby moving the examination head to the tilt axis and making the optical axis of the objective lens parallel to the tilt axis, and a third drive process in which the movement mechanism is driven after the second drive process is completed to move the examination head along the tilt axis to
  • an ophthalmic device has a rotation axis parallel to the vertical direction and an outward direction parallel to the horizontal direction, and when the examination head is viewed from one side in the vertical direction, the optical axis of the objective lens is parallel to the front-rear direction and is located between the reference axes of the left and right test eyes at the initial position of the examination head, and is provided with a drive control unit that controls the drive of the displacement mechanism, and the drive control unit simultaneously performs a process of driving the movement mechanism to move the examination head to a position where the rotation axis coincides with the test eye when viewed from one side, and a process of driving the rotation mechanism to rotate the examination head around the rotation axis, thereby performing a first drive process of moving the examination head to the tilt axis and making the optical axis of the objective lens parallel to the tilt axis, and a second drive process of driving the movement mechanism after the first drive process is completed to move the examination head along the tilt axis to the examination position.
  • the rotation mechanism can rotate the examination head around a first rotation axis that is parallel to the vertical direction and a second rotation axis that is perpendicular to the vertical direction.
  • the optical axis of the objective lens is parallel to the front-back direction and located between the reference axes of the left and right test eyes in the initial position of the examination head
  • a drive control unit is provided for controlling the drive of the displacement mechanism
  • the drive control unit executes a process of driving the moving mechanism to move the examination head to a position where the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis coincide with the test eye, and a process of driving the rotation mechanism to rotate the examination head around at least one of the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis, thereby performing a first drive process of moving the examination head to the tilt axis and making the optical axis of the objective lens parallel to the tilt axis, and a second drive process of driving the moving mechanism after completion of the first drive process to move the examination head along the tilt axis to the examination position.
  • An ophthalmic device is provided with a fixation light emitting unit that emits fixation light. This allows the line of sight of the subject's eye to follow the displacement of the examination head.
  • An ophthalmologic apparatus includes an imaging unit provided in the examination head for capturing an image of the anterior segment of the subject's eye while the examination head is being displaced by the displacement mechanism, an alignment detection unit for detecting the relative position of the subject's eye with respect to the examination head based on the image of the anterior segment of the subject's eye captured by the imaging unit, and a drive control unit for controlling the driving of the displacement mechanism, and the drive control unit drives the displacement mechanism based on the detection result of the alignment detection unit to move the examination head along the tilt axis to the examination position. This makes it possible to displace the examination head to the examination position of the subject's eye without bringing it close to the subject's nose.
  • An ophthalmologic device includes an operation unit, and the drive control unit is switchable to a manual control mode in which the displacement mechanism is driven to displace the examination head in response to an input operation on the operation unit, and the drive control unit switches to the manual control mode if the alignment detection unit does not detect the relative position while the displacement mechanism moves the examination head for a predetermined fixed time or distance.
  • the imaging unit of the ophthalmic device includes multiple cameras capable of imaging the subject's eye from multiple different directions.
  • an operating method of an ophthalmic device equipped with a displacement mechanism including an examination head for performing an examination on a subject's eye and a rotation mechanism for displacing the examination head relative to the subject's eye, in which an axis along the line of sight of the subject's eye that is parallel to the front-to-back direction, which is the working distance direction of the examination head, is taken as a reference axis, and an axis inclined outwardly away from the subject's nose with the reference axis at the center of the subject's eye is taken as a tilt axis, and the displacement mechanism is driven to displace the examination head along the tilt axis to an examination position for the subject's eye.
  • the present invention makes it possible to examine the subject's eye using the examination head without bringing the examination head close to the subject's nose.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an ophthalmic apparatus according to a first embodiment.
  • 1 is a front view of the lens barrel as seen from the front side in the Z direction.
  • 3 is a cross-sectional view of the lens barrel taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2.
  • 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an ophthalmic apparatus according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method of auto-alignment of an inspection head.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a 1-1st example of auto-alignment of the inspection head in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a 1-2 example of auto-alignment of the inspection head in the first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 11A to 11C are explanatory diagrams for explaining a first to third example of auto-alignment of the inspection head in the first embodiment.
  • 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of an examination process of an eye to be examined by the ophthalmologic apparatus of the first embodiment.
  • 10 is a flowchart showing the flow of an auto-alignment process of the inspection head.
  • 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the displacement of the inspection head after the start of auto-alignment.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a modified example of auto-alignment of the inspection head.
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of an ophthalmic apparatus according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a 2-1st example of auto-alignment of the inspection head in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining Example 2-2 of auto-alignment of the inspection head in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of an ophthalmic apparatus according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a third example of auto-alignment of the inspection head in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of an ophthalmic apparatus according to a fourth embodiment.
  • 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a fourth example of auto-alignment of the inspection head in the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the relationship between the lens size of an objective lens of an inspection head and the working distance of the inspection head.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a problem that occurs when the working distance between the subject's eye and the examination head becomes shorter.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an ophthalmic apparatus 10 according to a first embodiment.
  • the X direction is the left-right direction based on a subject
  • the Y direction is the up-down direction
  • the Z direction is the front-back direction (also called the working distance direction) parallel to the front direction approaching the subject (subject's eye E) and the rear direction away from the subject.
  • the ophthalmic device 10 is a multifunction device that combines a fundus camera that performs fundus photography of the subject's eye E and an optical coherence tomography device that uses OCT to obtain a tomographic image of the subject's eye E.
  • the ophthalmic device 10 includes a base 12, a face support unit 14, an XZ movement mechanism 16, a Y movement mechanism 18, a swing rotation mechanism 20, and an examination head 22.
  • a face support part 14 is attached to the front end part of the base 12 on the front side in the Z direction (the side of the subject's eye E).
  • the base 12 is also provided with an XZ movement mechanism 16.
  • the face support section 14 has a chin rest 14a and a forehead rest 14b whose position can be adjusted in the Y direction (up and down direction), and supports the subject's face in a position facing the examination head 22 (scope tube 28).
  • the XZ movement mechanism 16 together with the Y movement mechanism 18 described below, constitutes the movement mechanism of the present invention.
  • the XZ movement mechanism 16 includes a platform that is movable in the X and Z directions relative to the base 12, and an electric drive mechanism (a known actuator such as a motor drive mechanism) that moves the platform in the X and Z directions.
  • This XZ movement mechanism 16 moves the Y movement mechanism 18, swing rotation mechanism 20, and inspection head 22 together in the X and Z directions.
  • the Y movement mechanism 18 includes a lifting platform that is movable in the Y direction (not shown), and an electric drive mechanism that moves the lifting platform in the Y direction.
  • This Y movement mechanism 18 moves the swing rotation mechanism 20 and the inspection head 22 together in the Y direction. This allows the swing rotation mechanism 20 and the inspection head 22 to be moved together in the X, Y and Z directions by the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18.
  • the swing rotation mechanism 20 corresponds to the rotation mechanism of the present invention, and constitutes the displacement mechanism of the present invention together with the already described XZ movement mechanism 16 and Y movement mechanism 18.
  • the swing rotation mechanism 20 is equipped with a rotation axis 20a parallel to the Y direction and an electric drive mechanism that rotates this rotation axis 20a, and rotates (swings) the inspection head 22 around the rotation axis 20a.
  • the inspection head 22 is attached to the upper end of the rotation shaft 20a in the Y direction. This allows the inspection head 22 to be moved in the XYZ directions by the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18, and to be rotated around the axis of the rotation shaft 20a by the swing rotation mechanism 20.
  • the examination head 22 is provided with a fundus camera unit 24 and an OCT unit 26, as shown in FIG. 4, which will be described later, and a lens barrel 28.
  • the fundus camera unit 24 photographs the fundus of the subject's eye E through an objective lens 30, which will be described later, and outputs a fundus image, which is a front image of the fundus, to a control device 40 (see FIG. 4), which will be described later.
  • the OCT unit 26 photographs the subject's eye E using OCT through the objective lens 30, and outputs detection signals and the like required to generate a tomographic image of the subject's eye E to the control device 40.
  • the specific configurations of the fundus camera unit 24 and the OCT unit 26 are publicly known technologies (see Patent Document 1 above), so a detailed description will be omitted here.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the lens barrel 28 seen from the front side in the Z direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the lens barrel 28 taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2.
  • the lens barrel 28 is provided at the end of the inspection head 22 on the front side in the Z direction.
  • the lens barrel 28 houses (holds) an objective lens 30 having an optical axis O1 (see FIG. 3) parallel to the Z direction.
  • Four illumination light sources 32 and a stereo camera 34 are provided on the lens barrel tip surface 28a on the front side in the Z direction of the lens barrel 28.
  • a large lens compatible with wide-angle photography i.e., a lens with a short working distance, is used as the objective lens 30 (see FIG. 20).
  • the type of objective lens 30 is not particularly limited, and a lens with a photography angle of view of about 45° may be used.
  • the position of the rotation axis 20a and the position of the objective lens 30 coincide (including approximately coincidence, the same applies below).
  • the inspection head 22 is rotated (swings) around the objective lens 30 by the swing rotation mechanism 20.
  • the illumination light sources 32 are provided at both ends (left and right ends) of the telescope tube tip surface 28a in the X direction, and two are provided at the lower end of the telescope tube tip surface 28a, sandwiching a camera 34a (described below) between them.
  • Each illumination light source 32 is, for example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) light source, and illuminates the subject's eye E.
  • the stereo camera 34 corresponds to the photographing section of the present invention, and is used for alignment detection to detect the relative position of the subject's eye E in the XYZ directions with respect to the inspection head 22.
  • the stereo camera 34 is composed of multiple cameras 34a.
  • the stereo camera 34 is composed of three cameras 34a in total, two cameras 34a provided at both ends (left and right ends) in the X direction corresponding to the left and right positions of the objective lens 30 in the lens barrel tip surface 28a, and one camera 34a provided at the lower end corresponding to the lower position of the objective lens 30 in the lens barrel tip surface 28a.
  • Each camera 34a simultaneously photographs the anterior segment of the subject's eye E from multiple different directions (three directions in this embodiment) during alignment detection, and outputs multiple (three) anterior segment images of the subject's eye E to the control device 40 (see FIG. 4).
  • the number of cameras 34a may be two or four or more.
  • each camera 34a can be changed as appropriate. However, for example, if the camera 34a is provided in the upper region F1 (see FIG. 2) of the tube tip surface 28a, which is higher in the Y direction than both ends in the X direction, there is a risk that the pupil of the subject's eye E will be hidden by the subject's upper eyelashes when the camera 34a is used to photograph the subject's eye E. Furthermore, if the cameras 34a are provided in the left and right diagonally lower regions F2 (see FIG. 2) between both ends in the X direction and the lower end of the tube tip surface 28a, each camera 34a will be more likely to approach the subject's nose N (see FIG. 5) during alignment of the inspection head 22. For this reason, it is preferable to provide the cameras 34a at both ends in the X direction and the lower end of the tube tip surface 28a.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the ophthalmic device 10 of the first embodiment.
  • the ophthalmic device 10 in addition to the already-described XZ movement mechanism 16, Y movement mechanism 18, swing rotation mechanism 20, examination head 22, and stereo camera 34, the ophthalmic device 10 is provided with a fixation light emitter 36, a display unit 37, an operation unit 38, a memory unit 39, and a control device 40.
  • the fixation light emitting unit 36 emits fixation light (bright spot image) toward the subject's eye E to guide and fix the gaze direction of the subject's eye E.
  • the fixation light emitting unit 36 is composed of a known fixation target display unit, multiple fixation holes, and an external fixation lamp (see Patent Document 2 above).
  • the fixation target display unit is provided inside the examination head 22 and is used for internal fixation, which projects fixation light (such as a bright spot image) onto the subject's eye E through the objective lens 30.
  • Fixation hole is provided on the Z-direction front surface (or the tip surface 28a of the telescope tube) of the examination head 22 so as to surround the objective lens 30, and is used for peripheral fixation.
  • Peripheral fixation is a fixation method in which the subject's eye E is rotated significantly in a desired direction by selectively lighting each fixation hole.
  • the external fixation light is provided on the face support unit 14 or the examination head 22 and is used for external fixation.
  • External fixation is a fixation method in which the subject's eye E is rotated in any direction by adjusting the light source position of the external fixation light, or the subject's eye E is rotated significantly more than when it is internally fixed, or the direction of the subject's eye E is adjusted by guiding the line of sight of the subject's eye E or the fellow eye when internal fixation cannot be performed.
  • the display unit 37 is, for example, a touch panel monitor, and displays the setting screen of the ophthalmic device 10, the operation screen [UI (User Interface) screen] of the ophthalmic device 10, an image of the anterior segment of the subject's eye E captured by the stereo camera 34, and the examination results of the subject's eye E by the examination head 22 (fundus image and tomographic image of the subject's eye E).
  • UI User Interface
  • the operation unit 38 uses a known operation lever, switch, and operation screen displayed on the display unit 37.
  • the operation unit 38 is used for inputting operations such as adjusting the position of the chin rest 14a and the forehead rest 14b, moving and rotating the examination head 22 in the XYZ directions, selecting the type of examination (fundus photography and OCT photography), switching between auto-alignment and manual alignment, starting the examination, and saving the examination results (fundus image, tomographic image).
  • the memory unit 39 is a recording medium (storage medium) that stores the program executed by the control device 40, and various types of well-known storage may be used.
  • the memory unit 39 also stores a fundus image of the subject's eye E captured by the fundus camera unit 24 and a tomographic image of the subject's eye E captured by the OCT unit 26 using OCT.
  • the control device 40 controls the overall operation of each part of the ophthalmic device 10, and performs operations such as alignment of the examination head 22 with respect to the subject's eye E, fundus photography of the subject's eye E using the fundus camera unit 24, and OCT photography of the subject's eye E using the OCT unit 26.
  • the control device 40 has an arithmetic circuit composed of various processors and memories, etc.
  • the various processors include a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), and programmable logic devices (e.g., SPLDs (Simple Programmable Logic Devices), CPLDs (Complex Programmable Logic Devices), and FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays)).
  • the various functions of the control device 40 may be realized by a single processor, or by multiple processors of the same or different types.
  • the control device 40 executes the control program stored in the memory unit 39 to function as a tilt angle determination unit 43, an alignment detection unit 44, a drive control unit 46, a fixation control unit 48, a measurement control unit 50, and a storage control unit 52.
  • Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the method of auto-alignment of the examination head 22.
  • the symbol "OD" indicates the right eye (Oculus dexter) and the symbol “OS” indicates the left eye (Oculus sinister).
  • the working distance of the examination head 22 becomes shorter due to the enlargement of the objective lens 30.
  • symbol 5A in Figure 5 when the examination head 22 is moved forward in the Z direction from a position in front of the subject's eye E (here, the left eye OS) during auto-alignment of the examination head 22, there is a risk that the examination head 22 will come close to the subject's nose N.
  • the examination head 22 is brought into close contact with the subject's eye E from an oblique direction when viewed from one side in the Y direction.
  • the axis along the line of sight of the subject's eye E parallel to the Z direction is taken as the reference axis VA
  • the direction in the X direction away from the nose N using the subject's eye E (here, the left eye OS) as the reference is taken as the outward direction X1
  • the axis tilted from the reference axis VA in the outward direction X1 with the subject's eye E as the center is taken as the tilt axis TA.
  • the examination head 22 when the examination head 22 is viewed from one side in the Y direction, it is displaced along the tilt axis TA to an examination position (hereinafter simply referred to as the examination position) where examination of the subject's eye E (fundus photography, OCT photography) can be performed.
  • the "displacement” referred to here includes movement and rotation of the examination head 22 in the XYZ directions.
  • the tilt angle determination unit 43 determines the tilt angle ⁇ of the tilt axis TA relative to the reference axis VA when viewed from one side in the Y direction, i.e., the tilt angle ⁇ of the tilt axis TA relative to the reference axis VA in the XZ plane. For example, the tilt angle determination unit 43 determines a value selected by the examiner using the operation unit 38 from among a plurality of angles (10°, 15°, 20°, etc.) as the tilt angle ⁇ , and outputs information on this tilt angle ⁇ to the drive control unit 46.
  • the tilt angle determination unit 43 may also detect the relative position of the nose N with respect to the inspection head 22 based on the captured images obtained by stereoscopically photographing the nose N using the stereo camera 34, and determine the tilt angle ⁇ that can prevent the inspection head 22 from approaching the nose N based on the detection result.
  • the alignment detection unit 44 detects the relative position of the subject's eye E with respect to the inspection head 22 by identifying the pupil center position of the subject's eye E and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of this pupil center position based on the anterior ocular images of the subject's eye E stereoscopically photographed by each camera 34a of the stereo camera 34. Note that since the method of alignment detection using the stereo camera 34 is a publicly known technique (see Patent Document 1 above), a detailed description will be omitted here.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16, the Y movement mechanism 18, and the swing rotation mechanism 20 to align the inspection head 22 with the subject's eye E and to switch the subject's eye E to be inspected (switch between left and right eye).
  • Alignment of the inspection head 22 includes auto-alignment, which is performed by automatically driving the XZ movement mechanism 16, the Y movement mechanism 18, and the swing rotation mechanism 20, and manual alignment (corresponding to the manual control mode of the present invention) in which the XZ movement mechanism 16, the Y movement mechanism 18, and the swing rotation mechanism 20 are driven in response to an input operation on the operation unit 38.
  • the operation of switching between auto-alignment and manual alignment is performed by the operation unit 38.
  • the drive control unit 46 determines the tilt axis TA corresponding to the tilt angle ⁇ based on the tilt angle ⁇ initially determined by the tilt angle determination unit 43.
  • the drive control unit 46 first determines the reference axis VA based on the captured image obtained by stereoscopically capturing the subject's face (test eye E or nose N, etc.) using the stereo camera 34. Alternatively, the drive control unit 46 estimates the reference axis VA based on the Y-direction positions of the chin rest 14a and forehead rest 14b and the known discrimination information for the left eye OS and right eye OD. Then, the drive control unit 46 determines the axis tilted by angle ⁇ in the outward direction X1 from the reference axis VA centered on the test eye E as the tilt axis TA.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16, the Y movement mechanism 18, and the swing rotation mechanism 20 based on the tilt axis TA to start auto-alignment, which automatically displaces the examination head 22 from the initial position at the time the ophthalmic device 10 is powered on to the examination position.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a first example of auto-alignment of the inspection head 22 in the first embodiment.
  • the inspection head 22 in the initial position, is positioned such that the optical axis O1 of the objective lens 30 is between the reference axes VA of the left and right test eyes E (left eye OS and right eye OD) when viewed from one side in the Y direction, that is, facing (including approximately facing, the same applies below) the nose N.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to execute a first drive process that moves the inspection head 22 in the outward direction X1 from the initial position to the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the Y direction.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the swing rotation mechanism 20 after completing the first drive process to execute a second drive process in which the inspection head 22 is rotated by a tilt angle ⁇ around the rotation axis 20a (see arrow R).
  • a tilt angle ⁇ around the rotation axis 20a (see arrow R).
  • the optical axis O1 of the inspection head 22 becomes parallel to the tilt axis TA.
  • the second drive process may be executed before the first drive process.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to start a third drive process in which the examination head 22 is moved to the examination position along the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the Y direction (see arrow XZ1). This causes the examination head 22 to be moved toward the subject's eye E while keeping the tilt angle ⁇ constant (including approximately constant, the same applies below).
  • the inspection head 22 is displaced to a position where the alignment detection unit 44 can identify the pupil center position of the test eye E, i.e., a position where alignment can be detected.
  • the alignment detection result is input from the alignment detection unit 44 to the drive control unit 46.
  • the Y-direction position adjustment of the inspection head 22 may be performed by the Y movement mechanism 18 even before alignment detection (at any stage of the first drive process to the third drive process) so that alignment detection by the alignment detection unit 44 is possible.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18 based on the alignment detection result input from the alignment detection unit 44, and continues the third drive process until the inspection head 22 reaches the inspection position. In the third drive process that is executed based on this alignment detection result, the position of the inspection head 22 in the Y direction is also adjusted.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to first move the inspection head 22 forward in the Z direction (toward the subject's eye E) by a predetermined distance (see arrow Z1) as shown by reference numeral 7A in FIG. 7, and then executes a first drive process to move the inspection head 22 outward in the X1 direction to the tilt axis TA as shown by reference numeral 7B in FIG. 7.
  • the movement distance of the inspection head 22 forward in the Z direction is not particularly limited as long as a safe distance can be secured between the inspection head 22 and the nose N. For example, this movement distance may be determined based on the result of calculating the Z direction distance from the inspection head 22 to the nose N based on the captured images obtained by stereoscopically capturing the nose N with the stereo camera 34.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the swing rotation mechanism 20 to execute a second drive process similar to the previously described example 1-1 (see reference symbol 6B in FIG. 6) to make the optical axis O1 parallel to the tilt axis TA.
  • the second drive process may be executed before the first drive process.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to execute the third drive process in the same manner as in the above-described example 1-1 (see reference numerals 6C and 6D in FIG. 6), thereby moving the inspection head 22 to the inspection position along the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the Y direction. Then, as shown by reference numeral 7E in FIG. 7, the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18 based on the alignment detection detected by the alignment detection unit 44 during the auto-alignment, and continues the third drive process until the inspection head 22 reaches the inspection position.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a first-third example of auto-alignment of the inspection head 22 in the first embodiment.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16, the Y movement mechanism 18, and the swing rotation mechanism 20 to execute a first drive process that simultaneously moves the inspection head 22 forward in the Z direction and outward in the X1 direction, and rotates the inspection head 22 at a tilt angle ⁇ (see arrows XZ2 and R).
  • This makes it possible to move the inspection head 22 diagonally to the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the Y direction, and to make the optical axis O1 parallel to the tilt axis TA.
  • the inspection head 22 may be displaced over the shortest distance to a position on the tilt axis TA where the stereo camera 34 can capture an image of the anterior segment of the subject's eye E, or to a position where an observation optical system (not shown) in the inspection head 22 can capture an image of the anterior segment of the subject's eye E.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18 to execute the second drive process after the first drive process is completed.
  • the second drive process of Example 1-3 is the same process as the third drive process of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 described above, and moves the inspection head 22 to the inspection position along the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the Y direction.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18 based on the alignment detection detected by the alignment detection unit 44 during the auto-alignment, and continues the second drive process until the inspection head 22 reaches the inspection position.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to move the examination head 22 backward in the Z direction (towards the examiner) by a predetermined distance (see symbols 11D and 11G in FIG. 11 described below).
  • the fixation control unit 48 emits fixation light from the fixation light emission unit 36 at least from before the start of auto-alignment of the examination head 22 until the examination of the subject's eye E by the examination head 22 is completed. This makes it possible to guide and fix the subject's gaze direction in the direction of the fixation light while the examination head 22 is moved from the initial position via the tilt axis TA to the examination position during auto-alignment. Therefore, for example, when the examination head 22 is moved from the initial position to the tilt axis TA, the subject's eye E can be rotated to follow this movement (see Figures 6 to 8). As a result, the gaze direction of the subject's eye E can always be fixed to the examination head 22.
  • the measurement control unit 50 controls fundus photography of the subject's eye E by the fundus camera unit 24, and tomographic image photography of the subject's eye E by the OCT unit 26. For example, after completing auto-alignment of the examination head 22, the measurement control unit 50 performs autofocus processing to drive a focus optical system (not shown) (see Patent Document 1) housed in the examination head 22 to focus the examination head 22 on the observed area (fundus, etc.) of the subject's eye E. Next, the measurement control unit 50 controls the fundus camera unit 24 to photograph the subject's eye E, or the OCT unit 26 to photograph the subject's eye E.
  • a focus optical system not shown
  • the measurement control unit 50 When the measurement control unit 50 performs fundus photography of the subject's eye E using the fundus camera unit 24, it acquires a fundus image of the subject's eye E from the fundus camera unit 24 and outputs it to the storage control unit 52.
  • the measurement control unit 50 performs OCT photography of the subject's eye E using the OCT unit 26, it generates a tomographic image of the subject's eye E using a known method based on the detection signal output from the OCT unit 26, and outputs this tomographic image to the storage control unit 52.
  • the storage control unit 52 causes the display unit 37 to display the fundus image or tomographic image of the subject's eye E input from the measurement control unit 50.
  • the storage control unit 52 stores the fundus image or tomographic image of the subject's eye E in the memory unit 39.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing the flow of the examination process of the subject's eye E by the ophthalmic apparatus 10 of the first embodiment having the above-mentioned configuration.
  • the examiner operates the operation unit 38 to adjust the height positions (Y direction positions) of the chin rest 14a and the forehead rest 14b to suit the subject (step S1).
  • the examiner then operates the operation unit 38 to select the type of examination for the subject's eye E (fundus photography by the fundus camera unit 24, OCT photography by the OCT unit 26) (step S2).
  • the examiner also operates the operation unit 38 to select auto-alignment mode as the alignment mode for the examination head 22.
  • the fixation control unit 48 causes the fixation light to be emitted from the fixation light emission unit 36 (step S3). This makes it possible to guide and fix the gaze direction of the subject's eye E.
  • step S4 When the examiner inputs an operation to start the examination into the operation unit 38, automatic alignment of the examination head 22 with the subject's eye E is performed (step S4).
  • FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing the flow of the auto-alignment process of the examination head 22 in the operation method of the ophthalmic apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the displacement of the examination head 22 after auto-alignment starts.
  • the subject eye E is the left eye OS, and the explanation is given by taking as an example a case where auto-alignment of "Example 1-1" shown in FIG. 6 is performed.
  • the tilt angle determination unit 43 determines the angle previously selected by the examiner on the operation unit 38 as the tilt angle ⁇ , and then outputs information about this tilt angle ⁇ to the drive control unit 46 (step S4A). As a result, the drive control unit 46 determines the tilt axis TA based on this tilt angle ⁇ , and then starts auto-alignment of the inspection head 22 (step S4B).
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to execute a first drive process that first moves the inspection head 22 from the initial position to the tilt axis TA in the outward direction X1 when viewed from one side in the Y direction (step S4C).
  • the alignment detection unit 44 starts capturing images with each camera 34a of the stereo camera 34, and continuously acquires captured images from each camera 34a and analyzes each captured image (step S4D).
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the swing rotation mechanism 20 to rotate the inspection head 22 by the tilt angle ⁇ around the rotation axis 20a, thereby executing a second drive process to make the optical axis O1 of the inspection head 22 parallel to the tilt axis TA (step S4E).
  • the inspection head 22 is displaced from the initial position shown by reference numeral 11A in FIG. 11 to the tilt axis TA as shown by reference numeral 11B, and the optical axis O1 becomes parallel to the tilt axis TA.
  • the emission of fixation light from the fixation light emission unit 36 allows the line of sight of the subject's eye E to follow the displacement of the inspection head 22.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to start a third drive process in which the inspection head 22 is moved to the inspection position along the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the Y direction, as shown by reference numeral 11C in FIG. 11 (step S4F).
  • the alignment detection unit 44 waits for alignment detection until the pupil center position of the test eye E can be identified from the captured images acquired by each camera 34a (NO in step S4G). Then, during auto-alignment, each camera 34a captures an image of the anterior segment of the test eye E, and the anterior segment image of the test eye E is input from each camera 34a to the alignment detection unit 44 as a captured image. This enables the alignment detection unit 44 to identify the pupil center position of the test eye E based on the anterior segment image input from each camera 34a (YES in step S4G).
  • the alignment detection unit 44 performs alignment detection to detect the relative position of the test eye E with respect to the inspection head 22 by converting the pupil center position of the test eye E into three-dimensional coordinates (step S4H). Then, the alignment detection unit 44 outputs the detection result of the alignment detection to the drive control unit 46.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18 based on the alignment detection result input from the alignment detection unit 44, and continues the third drive process until the inspection head 22 reaches the inspection position. Specifically, the drive control unit 46 calculates the difference between the three-dimensional coordinates (target coordinates) of the inspection position determined based on the alignment detection result and the three-dimensional coordinates (current coordinates) of the current inspection head 22, and continues the third drive process until this difference becomes equal to or less than a threshold value (step S4I, NO in step S4J, step S4K). As a result, the inspection head 22 is moved to the inspection position while maintaining the tilt angle ⁇ .
  • the drive control unit 46 stops driving the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18 and ends the auto-alignment (YES in step S4J).
  • the inspection head 22 is prevented from approaching the nose N.
  • FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing the flow of a modified example of auto-alignment of the inspection head 22.
  • alignment detection is performed by the alignment detection unit 44 during auto-alignment, but even if the inspection head 22 reaches an area where alignment detection is possible, there are cases where the alignment detection unit 44 is unable to detect the alignment.
  • the drive control unit 46 determines that alignment cannot be detected (NO in step S4G, YES in step S4L). In this case, the drive control unit 46 switches the alignment mode of the inspection head 22 from auto-alignment mode to manual alignment mode and displays this on the display unit 37 (step S4M). This allows the examiner to operate the operation unit 38 to perform manual alignment of the inspection head 22. By making it possible to switch to manual alignment in the middle of auto-alignment in this way, the inspection head 22 is prevented from approaching the subject's eye E in a state in which alignment detection is not possible.
  • the measurement control unit 50 drives the focus optical system (not shown) to perform auto-focus (step S5), and then causes the fundus camera unit 24 to perform fundus photography of the test eye E, or the OCT unit 26 to perform OCT photography of the test eye E (step S6).
  • the measurement control unit 50 outputs the fundus image of the test eye E acquired from the fundus camera unit 24 to the storage control unit 52.
  • the measurement control unit 50 generates a tomographic image of the test eye E based on the detection signal output from the OCT unit 26, and outputs this tomographic image to the storage control unit 52.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to move the examination head 22 backward in the Z direction, as shown by reference numeral 11D in FIG. 11 (step S7).
  • the storage control unit 52 causes the display unit 37 to display the fundus image or tomographic image of the subject's eye E input from the measurement control unit 50. This allows the examiner to check whether the desired fundus image or tomographic image has been obtained. If the desired fundus image or tomographic image has been obtained, the examiner inputs an image storage operation to the operation unit 38. This causes the storage control unit 52 to store the fundus image or tomographic image of the subject's eye E in the memory unit 39 (step S8).
  • step S9 If the right eye OD test is to be performed next, the processes from step S4 to step S8 are repeated (YES in step S9).
  • the test head 22 under the control of the drive controller 46, the test head 22 is displaced to the tilt axis TA corresponding to the right eye OD (see reference number 11E in FIG. 11), and is further moved along the tilt axis TA to the test position for the right eye OD (see reference number 11F in FIG. 11). Then, when the test for the right eye OD is completed, under the control of the drive controller 46, the test head 22 is retreated to the rear side in the Z direction (see reference number 11G in FIG. 11), and then displaced to the initial position (see reference number 11H in FIG. 11).
  • the examination head 22 can be moved from an oblique direction along the tilt axis TA to the examination position of the subject's eye E during auto-alignment. This makes it possible to always ensure a sufficient distance between the examination head 22 and the nose N compared to when the examination head 22 is moved from a position in front of the subject's eye E to an examination position forward in the Z direction (see reference symbol 5A in Figure 5). As a result, the examination of the subject's eye E by the examination head 22 can be performed without bringing the examination head 22 close to the nose N.
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of an ophthalmic apparatus 60 according to a second embodiment.
  • the swing rotation mechanism 20 rotates (swings) the inspection head 22 around the objective lens 30, but the ophthalmic apparatus 60 according to the second embodiment includes an inspection head 66 whose rotation center position is different from that of the first embodiment.
  • the ophthalmic device 60 is a fundus camera and includes a base 12, a face support unit 14, an XZ movement mechanism 16, a fixation light emitter 36 (only the external fixation light is shown), a Y movement mechanism 62, a swing rotation mechanism 64, and an examination head 66.
  • the ophthalmic device 60 also includes the stereo camera 34, display unit 37, operation unit 38, memory unit 39, and control device 40, which are not shown in the figure, as described in the first embodiment.
  • the Y movement mechanism 62 together with the XZ movement mechanism 16, constitutes the movement mechanism of the present invention.
  • the Y movement mechanism 62 has a shape that extends forward in the Z direction.
  • a swing rotation mechanism 64 is provided at the tip of the Y movement mechanism 62 on the forward side in the Z direction.
  • the Y movement mechanism 62 moves the swing rotation mechanism 64 and the inspection head 66 together in the Y direction.
  • the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 62 can move the swing rotation mechanism 64 and the inspection head 66 together in the X, Y and Z directions.
  • the swing rotation mechanism 64 corresponds to the rotation mechanism of the present invention, and together with the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 62 described above, constitutes the displacement mechanism of the present invention.
  • the swing rotation mechanism 64 has a rotation axis 64a parallel to the Y direction, and rotates the inspection head 66 around this rotation axis 64a.
  • the rotation axis 64a is provided forward in the Z direction from the lens barrel 28 (objective lens 30) of the inspection head 66. This allows the rotation axis 64a to be aligned with the subject's eye E (center of rotation) when viewed from one side in the Y direction by adjusting the XZ position of the swing rotation mechanism 64 with the XZ movement mechanism 16. In this case, the swing rotation mechanism 64 rotates (swings) the inspection head 66 around the center of rotation of the subject's eye E.
  • the swing rotation mechanism 64 can also rotate (tilt) the inspection head 66 around a rotation axis perpendicular to the Y direction.
  • the inspection head 66 is attached to a swing rotation mechanism 64. This allows the inspection head 66 to be moved in the XYZ directions by the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 62, and to be rotated around the axis of rotation 64a by the swing rotation mechanism 64.
  • This inspection head 66 is provided with the fundus camera unit 24 and the lens barrel 28 (including the stereo camera 34) described in the first embodiment.
  • the control device 40 of the second embodiment is basically the same as the control device 40 of the first embodiment, except that the method of auto-alignment of the inspection head 66 by the drive control unit 46 is different from that of the first embodiment.
  • the drive control unit 46 determines the tilt axis TA based on the tilt angle ⁇ determined by the tilt angle determination unit 43, and then drives the XZ movement mechanism 16, the Y movement mechanism 62, and the swing rotation mechanism 64 to perform auto-alignment of the inspection head 66.
  • FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a second example of auto-alignment of the inspection head 66 in the second embodiment. As shown by the reference symbol XIVA in FIG. 14, the inspection head 66 is initially placed in the same initial position as in the first embodiment.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to execute a first drive process for moving the examination head 66 (swing rotation mechanism 64) from the initial position in the XZ direction (see arrow XZ2). Specifically, when viewed from one side in the Y direction, the examination head 66 is moved in the XZ direction to a position where the rotation axis 64a coincides with the center of rotation of the subject's eye E.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the swing rotation mechanism 20 to execute a second drive process in which the examination head 66 is rotated by the tilt angle ⁇ around the rotation axis 20a (center of rotation of the subject's eye E) (see arrow R).
  • the examination head 66 is moved to the tilt axis TA and the optical axis O1 becomes parallel to the tilt axis TA.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 to start a third drive process in which the inspection head 66 is moved to the inspection position along the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the Y direction, as in the first embodiment (see arrow XZ1).
  • the third drive process in the second embodiment mainly involves Z-axis movement of the inspection head 66 by the XZ movement mechanism 16. As a result, the inspection head 66 is moved toward the subject's eye E while maintaining a constant tilt angle ⁇ .
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 62 based on the alignment detection detected by the alignment detection unit 44 during the auto-alignment, and continues the third drive process until the inspection head 66 reaches the inspection position.
  • the drive control unit 46 switches the alignment mode of the inspection head 66 to the manual alignment mode.
  • FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining Example 2-2 of auto-alignment of the inspection head 66 in the second embodiment.
  • the drive control unit 46 simultaneously drives the XZ movement mechanism 16, the Y movement mechanism 62, and the swing rotation mechanism 64 to execute a first drive process that simultaneously moves the inspection head 66 in the XZ directions and rotates the inspection head 66 at a tilt angle ⁇ (see arrows XZ2 and R).
  • the first drive process of Example 2-2 is a process that simultaneously executes the first drive process and the second drive process of Example 2-1 described in FIG. 14.
  • the inspection head 66 is moved to the tilt axis TA, and the optical axis O1 of the objective lens 30 becomes parallel to the tilt axis TA.
  • the inspection head 66 may be displaced over the shortest distance on the tilt axis TA to a position where the stereo camera 34 can capture an image of the anterior segment of the subject's eye E, or to a position where an observation optical system (not shown) in the inspection head 22 can capture an image of the anterior segment of the subject's eye E.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 62 to execute a second drive process similar to the third drive process of the above-mentioned "Example 2-1", thereby moving the inspection head 66 to the inspection position along the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the Y direction (see arrow XZ1). Then, as shown by the symbol XVC in FIG. 15, the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 62 based on the alignment detection detected by the alignment detection unit 44 during the auto-alignment, and continues the second drive process until the inspection head 66 reaches the inspection position.
  • the examination head 66 can be moved obliquely along the tilt axis TA to the examination position of the subject's eye E during auto-alignment, so that the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • [Third embodiment] 16 is a side view of an ophthalmic device 10A of the third embodiment.
  • the ophthalmic device 10 of the first embodiment includes a swing rotation mechanism 20 having a rotation axis 20a parallel to the Y direction, and moves the inspection head 22 close to the subject's eye E along a tilt axis TA obtained by tilting the reference axis VA in the X direction (outward direction X1) with the subject's eye E as the center during auto-alignment of the inspection head 22.
  • the ophthalmic device 10A of the third embodiment moves the inspection head 22 close to the subject's eye E along a tilt axis TA obtained by tilting the reference axis VA in a direction other than the X direction with the subject's eye E as the center during auto-alignment of the inspection head 22.
  • the ophthalmic device 10A of the third embodiment has basically the same configuration as the ophthalmic device 10 of the first embodiment, except that it is equipped with a tilt rotation mechanism 80 and performs auto-alignment of the examination head 22, which is different from the first embodiment. Therefore, parts that are the same in function or configuration as the ophthalmic device 10 of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals and their description is omitted.
  • the tilt rotation mechanism 80 corresponds to the rotation mechanism of the present invention, and constitutes the displacement mechanism of the present invention together with the already described XZ movement mechanism 16, Y movement mechanism 18, and swing rotation mechanism 20.
  • the tilt rotation mechanism 80 is equipped with a rotation axis 80a perpendicular to the Y direction and an electric drive mechanism that rotates this rotation axis 80a, and rotates (tilts) the inspection head 22 around the rotation axis 80a.
  • the rotation shaft 80a When the rotation shaft 80a is viewed from one side in the axial direction, the position of the rotation shaft 80a and the position of the objective lens 30 coincide (including approximately coincidence, the same applies below). As a result, the inspection head 22 is rotated (tilted) around the objective lens 30 by the tilt rotation mechanism 80.
  • the inspection head 22 of the third embodiment can rotate (swing and tilt) around two axes around the objective lens 30 by the swing rotation mechanism 20 and the tilt rotation mechanism 80. Therefore, the inspection head 22 of the third embodiment can rotate around any rotation axis perpendicular to the Z direction (including other than the rotation axes 20a and 80a) by driving at least one of the swing rotation mechanism 20 and the tilt rotation mechanism 80.
  • a direction other than the outward direction X1 of the first embodiment (a direction perpendicular to the Z direction and away from the nose N), for example, upward in the Y direction, is defined as the "outward direction Y1 (see FIG. 17)," and the axis obtained by tilting the reference axis VA in the "outward direction Y1" around the subject's eye E is defined as the tilt axis TA.
  • the control device 40 of the third embodiment is basically the same as the control device 40 of the first embodiment, except that the tilt direction of the tilt axis TA differs from that of the first embodiment.
  • the tilt angle determination unit 43 of the third embodiment determines the tilt angle ⁇ of the tilt axis TA in the outward direction Y1 (see FIG. 17) relative to the reference axis VA when viewed from one side in the X direction, i.e., the tilt angle ⁇ of the tilt axis TA relative to the reference axis VA in the YZ plane.
  • the specific method of determining the tilt angle ⁇ is the same as the method of determining the tilt angle ⁇ in the first embodiment above, except for the tilt direction of the tilt axis TA, so a detailed explanation will be omitted here.
  • the drive control unit 46 of the third embodiment determines the tilt axis TA based on the tilt angle ⁇ determined by the tilt angle determination unit 43, and then drives the XZ movement mechanism 16, the Y movement mechanism 18, the swing rotation mechanism 20, and the tilt rotation mechanism 80 to perform auto-alignment of the inspection head 22.
  • FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a third example of auto-alignment of the inspection head 22 in the third embodiment. Note that this third example is basically the same as the 1-1 example (see FIG. 6) described in the first embodiment above, except that the tilt direction of the tilt axis TA is different.
  • the inspection head 22 is initially placed in the same initial position as in the first embodiment.
  • the drive control unit 46 in the third embodiment drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18 to execute a first drive process that moves the inspection head 22 from the initial position in the outward direction Y1 (upward in the Y direction) to the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the X direction.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the tilt rotation mechanism 80 to execute a second drive process in which the inspection head 22 is rotated by a tilt angle ⁇ around the rotation axis 80a (see arrow R).
  • the optical axis O1 of the inspection head 22 becomes parallel to the tilt axis TA.
  • the second drive process may be executed before the first drive process.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18 to start a third drive process in which the examination head 22 is moved to the examination position along the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the X direction (see arrow YZ1). This causes the examination head 22 to move toward the subject's eye E while keeping the tilt angle ⁇ constant (including approximately constant, the same applies below).
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 18 based on the alignment detection detected by the alignment detection unit 44 during the auto-alignment, and continues the third drive process until the inspection head 22 reaches the inspection position.
  • the drive control unit 46 switches the alignment mode of the inspection head 22 to the manual alignment mode.
  • the inspection head 22 may first be moved a predetermined distance forward in the Z direction (toward the subject's eye E), and then the first drive process described above may be started.
  • the first drive process may be executed to simultaneously move the inspection head 22 forward in the Z direction and outward in the Y1 direction and rotate the inspection head 22 at the tilt angle ⁇ .
  • the examination head 22 can be moved along the tilt axis TA from a diagonal direction (diagonally upward) to the examination position of the subject's eye E during auto-alignment, preventing the examination head 22 from approaching the nose N.
  • the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • the inspection head 22 is brought closer to the subject's eye E along a tilt axis TA that tilts the reference axis VA in the outward direction Y1 (upward in the Y direction) with the subject's eye E as the center, but the tilt direction of this tilt axis TA is not particularly limited as long as it is perpendicular to the Z direction and moves away from the nose N. Furthermore, the direction of the rotation axes 20a, 80a can also be changed as appropriate depending on this tilt direction.
  • the swing rotation mechanism 20 may be omitted.
  • [Fourth embodiment] 18 is a side view of an ophthalmic device 60A of the fourth embodiment.
  • the ophthalmic device 10 of the second embodiment includes a swing rotation mechanism 64 having a rotation axis 64a (corresponding to the first rotation axis of the present invention) parallel to the Y direction, and approaches the test head 66 to the test eye E along a tilt axis TA obtained by tilting the reference axis VA in the X direction (outward direction X1) with the test eye E as the center during auto-alignment of the test head 66.
  • the ophthalmic device 60A of the fourth embodiment approaches the test head 66 to the test eye E along a tilt axis TA obtained by tilting the reference axis VA in a direction other than the X direction with the test eye E as the center during auto-alignment of the test head 66.
  • the ophthalmic device 60A of the fourth embodiment has basically the same configuration as the ophthalmic device 60 of the second embodiment, except that it is equipped with a tilt rotation mechanism 90 and performs auto-alignment of the examination head 66, which is different from the second embodiment. Therefore, parts that are the same in function or configuration as the ophthalmic device 60 of the second embodiment are given the same reference numerals and their description is omitted.
  • the tilt rotation mechanism 90 corresponds to the rotation mechanism of the present invention, and constitutes the displacement mechanism of the present invention together with the already described XZ movement mechanism 16, Y movement mechanism 62, and swing rotation mechanism 64.
  • the tilt rotation mechanism 90 rotates (tilts) the inspection head 66 around a virtual rotation axis 90a (corresponding to the second rotation axis of the present invention) perpendicular to the Y direction.
  • the tilt rotation mechanism 90 is composed of, for example, a curved arm 92, multiple guide wheels 93, and a head movement mechanism (not shown).
  • the curved arm 92 is fixed to the swing rotation mechanism 64, and has a shape that follows an arc-shaped trajectory centered on the rotation axis 90a.
  • the multiple guide wheel portions 93 are held inside the inspection head 66 so that they can rotate freely around a central axis that is parallel to the rotation axis 90a. These guide wheel portions 93 are arranged so as to sandwich the curved arm 92 in the Y direction. This allows the inspection head 66 to move along the curved arm 92.
  • the head movement mechanism (not shown) of the tilt rotation mechanism 90 is provided inside the inspection head 66 and moves the inspection head 66 along the curved arm 92.
  • this head movement mechanism is a publicly known technique (for example, JP 2022-112637 A), so a detailed description will be omitted here.
  • the inspection head 66 can be rotated (tilted) around the rotation axis 90a.
  • the inspection head 66 can be rotated (tilted) around the subject's eye E.
  • the inspection head 66 of the fourth embodiment can rotate (swing and tilt) on two axes, similar to the inspection head 22 of the third embodiment, by the swing rotation mechanism 64 and the tilt rotation mechanism 90. Therefore, the inspection head 66 of the fourth embodiment can also rotate around any rotation axis perpendicular to the Z direction (including other than the rotation axes 64a and 90a) by driving at least one of the swing rotation mechanism 64 and the tilt rotation mechanism 90.
  • a direction other than the outward direction X1 of the second embodiment (a direction perpendicular to the Z direction and away from the nose N), for example, the upward Y direction as in the third embodiment, is defined as the "outward direction Y1", and the axis obtained by tilting the reference axis VA in the outward direction Y1 around the subject's eye E is defined as the tilt axis TA.
  • the control device 40 of the fourth embodiment is basically the same as the control device 40 of the second embodiment, except that the tilt direction of the tilt axis TA differs from that of the second embodiment.
  • the tilt angle determination unit 43 of the fourth embodiment determines the tilt angle ⁇ of the tilt axis TA in the outward direction Y1 relative to the reference axis VA, similar to the tilt angle determination unit 43 of the third embodiment.
  • the drive control unit 46 of the fourth embodiment determines the tilt axis TA based on the tilt angle ⁇ determined by the tilt angle determination unit 43, and then drives the XZ movement mechanism 16, the Y movement mechanism 62, the swing rotation mechanism 64, and the tilt rotation mechanism 90 to perform auto-alignment of the inspection head 66.
  • FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a fourth example of auto-alignment of the inspection head 66 in the fourth embodiment.
  • This fourth example is basically the same as the 2-1 example (see FIG. 14) described in the second embodiment above, except for the difference in the tilt direction of the tilt axis TA.
  • the inspection head 66 is initially placed in the same initial position as in the first embodiment.
  • the drive control unit 46 executes a first drive process in which the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 62 are driven to move the examination head 66 in the XYZ directions to a position where the rotation axis 64a and the rotation axis 90a coincide with the center of rotation of the subject's eye E.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the tilt rotation mechanism 90 to execute a second drive process in which the inspection head 66 is rotated in the outward direction Y1 by a tilt angle ⁇ around the rotation axis 90a (center of rotation of the subject's eye E) (see arrow R).
  • a tilt angle ⁇ around the rotation axis 90a (center of rotation of the subject's eye E) (see arrow R).
  • the inspection head 66 is moved to the tilt axis TA and the optical axis O1 becomes parallel to the tilt axis TA.
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 62 to start a third drive process in which the examination head 66 is moved to the examination position along the tilt axis TA when viewed from one side in the X direction (see arrow YZ1). This causes the examination head 66 to move toward the subject's eye E while keeping the tilt angle ⁇ constant (including approximately constant, the same applies below).
  • the drive control unit 46 drives the XZ movement mechanism 16 and the Y movement mechanism 62 based on the alignment detection detected by the alignment detection unit 44 during the auto-alignment, and continues the third drive process until the inspection head 66 reaches the inspection position.
  • the drive control unit 46 switches the alignment mode of the inspection head 66 to manual alignment mode.
  • first drive process and the second drive process may be performed simultaneously, as in Example 2-2 of the auto-alignment of the inspection head 66 in the second embodiment described above (see FIG. 15).
  • the examination head 66 can be moved diagonally (diagonally upward) along the tilt axis TA to the examination position of the subject's eye E during auto-alignment, preventing the examination head 66 from approaching the nose N. As a result, the same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained.
  • the inspection head 66 is brought closer to the subject's eye E along a tilt axis TA that is formed by tilting the reference axis VA in the outward direction Y1 (upward in the Y direction) with the subject's eye E as its center.
  • the tilt direction of the tilt axis TA centered on the subject's eye E is not particularly limited as long as it is perpendicular to the Z direction and moves away from the nose N.
  • the direction of the rotation axes 64a, 90a can also be changed as appropriate depending on this tilt direction.
  • the swing rotation mechanism 64 may be omitted.
  • alignment detection is performed using the stereo camera 34, but alignment detection may also be performed using an observation optical system (not shown) (corresponding to the photographing unit of the present invention) housed in the inspection head 22, 66.
  • the stereo camera 34 can be omitted.
  • the stereo camera 34 is provided on the end surface 28a of the lens barrel, but the inspection head 22, 66 may have the stereo camera 34 provided at a position other than the end surface 28a of the lens barrel.
  • the inspection heads 22, 66 are moved obliquely along the tilt axis TA to the inspection position of the subject's eye E during auto-alignment, but the inspection heads 22, 66 may also be moved obliquely along the tilt axis TA to the inspection position of the subject's eye E during manual alignment.
  • the displacement mechanism for displacing the examination head 22, 66 relative to the subject eye E is configured with an XZ movement mechanism 16, a Y movement mechanism 18, 62, and a swing rotation mechanism 20, 64, and is further configured with a tilt rotation mechanism 80, 90.
  • this displacement mechanism are not particularly limited.
  • a robot arm multi-joint arm
  • the displacement mechanism of the present invention may be used as the displacement mechanism of the present invention.
  • a combined fundus camera and optical coherence tomograph and a fundus camera alone have been used as examples of the ophthalmic device 10, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the present invention can also be applied to various ophthalmic devices (including devices that perform various treatments on the subject's eye E, such as laser surgery devices) used to examine the subject's eye E (measuring eye characteristics, photographing, and observing), such as an optical coherence tomograph alone and an SLO device, and that perform alignment of various examination heads on the subject's eye E.
  • Ophthalmic device 12 Base 14
  • Face support section 14a Chin rest 14b
  • Forehead rest 16 XZ movement mechanism 18
  • Y movement mechanism 20 Swing rotation mechanism 20a
  • Rotation axis 22 ... Examination head 24
  • Fundus camera unit 26 OCT unit 28
  • Mirror barrel 28a Mirror barrel tip surface 30
  • Objective lens 32
  • Illumination light source 34
  • Stereo camera 34a
  • Camera 36
  • Fixation light emission section 37
  • Display section 38 ... Operation section 39... Memory section 40
  • Control device 43 ...
  • Tilt angle Determination unit 44 Alignment detection unit 46
  • Drive control unit 48 ...Fixation control unit 50
  • ...Measurement control unit 52 ...Storage control unit 60
  • Ophthalmic device 62 Y movement mechanism 64
  • Swing rotation mechanism 64a An Rotation mechanism 64
  • Rotation axis 66
  • 90 An Rotation mechanism 80a
  • 90a 66
  • 100 Objective lens 102
  • Objective lens 104 ...Inspection head
  • Optical axis OD Optical axis OD...Right eye
  • OS ...Left eye
  • VA Reference axis X1...Outward direction ⁇ ...Tilt angle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
PCT/JP2023/041450 2023-03-28 2023-11-17 眼科装置及び眼科装置の作動方法 Ceased WO2024202210A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (4)

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CN202380096618.XA CN120957651A (zh) 2023-03-28 2023-11-17 眼科装置及眼科装置的工作方法
JP2025509696A JPWO2024202210A1 (https=) 2023-03-28 2023-11-17
EP23930837.2A EP4670616A1 (en) 2023-03-28 2023-11-17 OPHTHALMIC DEVICE AND ITS OPERATING PROCESS
US19/341,138 US20260020757A1 (en) 2023-03-28 2025-09-26 Ophthalmic device and method for operating ophthalmic device

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JP2023-052055 2023-03-28

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013248376A (ja) 2012-05-01 2013-12-12 Topcon Corp 眼科装置
JP2018015020A (ja) * 2016-07-25 2018-02-01 株式会社トプコン 眼科装置
JP2021069415A (ja) 2019-10-29 2021-05-06 株式会社トプコン 眼科装置及びその制御方法
WO2021256130A1 (ja) * 2020-06-17 2021-12-23 株式会社トプコン スリットランプ顕微鏡
JP2022112637A (ja) 2021-01-22 2022-08-03 株式会社トプコン 眼科装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013248376A (ja) 2012-05-01 2013-12-12 Topcon Corp 眼科装置
JP2018015020A (ja) * 2016-07-25 2018-02-01 株式会社トプコン 眼科装置
JP2021069415A (ja) 2019-10-29 2021-05-06 株式会社トプコン 眼科装置及びその制御方法
WO2021256130A1 (ja) * 2020-06-17 2021-12-23 株式会社トプコン スリットランプ顕微鏡
JP2022112637A (ja) 2021-01-22 2022-08-03 株式会社トプコン 眼科装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4670616A1

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