WO2024197862A1 - 喷雾器及输送和雾化流体的方法 - Google Patents

喷雾器及输送和雾化流体的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024197862A1
WO2024197862A1 PCT/CN2023/085620 CN2023085620W WO2024197862A1 WO 2024197862 A1 WO2024197862 A1 WO 2024197862A1 CN 2023085620 W CN2023085620 W CN 2023085620W WO 2024197862 A1 WO2024197862 A1 WO 2024197862A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sprayer
fluid
dosage
preset amount
movement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/085620
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
童序文
李励
布洛尔亨利·本杰明
考恩丹尼尔·乔治
伊德霍丽·莎拉
希门尼斯加斯帕·罗德里格斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CF PHARMTECH Inc
Original Assignee
CF PHARMTECH Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CF PHARMTECH Inc filed Critical CF PHARMTECH Inc
Priority to US18/294,546 priority Critical patent/US20260007576A1/en
Priority to EP23812835.9A priority patent/EP4464355A4/en
Priority to CN202380009812.XA priority patent/CN116829218B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2023/085620 priority patent/WO2024197862A1/zh
Publication of WO2024197862A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024197862A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
    • A61J3/02—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of powders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/006—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by applying mechanical pressure to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
    • A61M11/007—Syringe-type or piston-type sprayers or atomisers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/006—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by applying mechanical pressure to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0065—Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
    • A61M15/0021—Mouthpieces therefor
    • A61M15/0025—Mouthpieces therefor with caps
    • A61M15/0026—Hinged caps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0065—Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices
    • A61M15/0068—Indicating or counting the number of dispensed doses or of remaining doses
    • A61M15/007—Mechanical counters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0065—Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices
    • A61M15/0068—Indicating or counting the number of dispensed doses or of remaining doses
    • A61M15/0081—Locking means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/04—Liquids
    • A61M2202/0468—Liquids non-physiological
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/10—General characteristics of the apparatus with powered movement mechanisms
    • A61M2205/106—General characteristics of the apparatus with powered movement mechanisms reciprocating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
    • A61M2205/8275—Mechanical
    • A61M2205/8281—Mechanical spring operated

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of sprayers, and in particular to a sprayer for fluid, and a method for conveying and atomizing the fluid.
  • the inhalation nebulizer can also be called a soft mist inhaler, nebulizer, etc. It can be used to treat upper respiratory tract diseases by dispersing the liquid medicine into fine particles/aerosols, and then the user inhales the medicine into the respiratory tract and lungs for deposition, thereby achieving the purpose of treatment.
  • the air or sediment in its internal delivery mechanism will affect the metering accuracy of the nebulizer, which will result in an insufficient dose of the drug inhaled at one time for the user, thereby failing to achieve a good therapeutic effect; on the other hand, bacteria may breed on the fluid pathway or become contaminated, and the drug solution will bring bacteria or contaminants to the user through the fluid pathway, affecting the user's health.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a sprayer for fluid and a method for conveying and atomizing fluid, so as to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the above-mentioned related art.
  • the first aspect disclosed in the present application provides a sprayer for fluid, comprising: a container for accommodating multiple doses of the fluid; a delivery mechanism for moving from an initial position to a tensioned position when the sprayer is tensioned to extract a medication dose of fluid from the container, and for moving from a tensioned position to an initial position when the sprayer is started to atomize the medication dose of fluid; wherein, in the process of the delivery mechanism moving from the initial position to the tensioned position, atomizes a preset amount of fluid through a temporary rebound movement, the medication dose being a single medication dose, and the preset amount being less than the medication dose.
  • the sprayer further comprises: a sprayer housing for receiving the container; a lower housing, which can open the sprayer to replace or insert the container, and the sprayer is tensioned or put into a ready state through the rotational movement of the lower housing relative to the sprayer housing.
  • the delivery mechanism includes: a motion converter, which is used to connect the container and drive the container to move axially; a drive spring, which is linked to the motion converter and releases the elastic force.
  • a transmission structure the transmission structure is used to cooperate with the motion converter to convert the rotational motion of the sprayer when it is tensioned into axial movement.
  • the axial movement includes a first movement stroke and a second movement stroke, and the temporary rebound movement occurs between the switching from the first movement stroke to the second movement stroke.
  • the one rotational motion is a 180° rotational motion centered on the axis of the sprayer.
  • the transmission structure includes: a first track, including an inclined surface formed on the sprayer housing of the sprayer, the inclined surface contacts the motion converter to achieve the first moving stroke of the axial movement; a second track, which is formed on the motion converter, and after the motion converter disengages from the first track, it contacts a blocking member to achieve the second moving stroke of the axial movement.
  • the blocking member is rotatably disposed on the sprayer housing, and during the rotational movement, the blocking member is pushed to rotate to contact the second track.
  • the sprayer housing of the sprayer includes an upper shell portion and an inner shell portion, the inner shell portion is rotatably supported on the upper shell portion, and a protrusion is provided on the inner shell portion to push the blocking member to rotate during the rotational movement.
  • the blocking member is further configured to be rotated by manual operation to release the motion converter to allow the driving spring to release its elastic force.
  • the transmission structure includes at least two first tracks and at least two second tracks.
  • a groove is provided at the starting position of the second track.
  • the groove allows the driving spring to release part of the elastic force to drive the motion converter to move upward until it is blocked by the blocking member to form the rebound motion.
  • the depth of the groove is positively correlated with the preset amount or the medication dosage.
  • the depth of the groove is configured to be 0.1 to 1.5 mm.
  • the motion converter includes a guide structure, and the guide structure moves on the first track to achieve the first movement stroke of the axial movement.
  • the preset amount is used to clean the nozzle of the sprayer.
  • the preset amount is between 0.15 and 3 microliters.
  • the preset amount is between 1% and 15% of the dosage.
  • the fluid contains a drug component.
  • the drug ingredient includes at least one of the following compounds: anticholinergics, beta-receptor agonists, steroids, phosphodiesterase-IV-inhibitors, LTD4-antagonists, EGFR-kinase inhibitors, antiallergic drugs, ergot alkaloid derivatives, triptans, CGRP-antagonists, and phosphodiesterase-V-inhibitors.
  • the second aspect disclosed in the present application provides a method for delivering and atomizing fluid, comprising: moving a delivery mechanism from an initial position to a tensioned position to extract a medication dose of fluid from a container; during the process of moving from the initial position to the tensioned position, the delivery mechanism generates a temporary rebound motion to atomize a preset amount of fluid; moving the delivery mechanism from the tensioned position to the initial position to atomize the medication dose of fluid; wherein the medication dose is a single medication dose, and the preset amount is less than the medication dose.
  • the preset amount is used to clean the nozzle of the sprayer.
  • the preset amount is between 0.15 and 3 microliters.
  • the preset amount is between 1% and 15% of the dosage.
  • the fluid contains a drug component.
  • the drug ingredient includes at least one of the following compounds: anticholinergics, beta-receptor agonists, steroids, phosphodiesterase-IV-inhibitors, LTD4-antagonists, EGFR-kinase inhibitors, antiallergic drugs, ergot alkaloid derivatives, triptans, CGRP-antagonists, and phosphodiesterase-V-inhibitors.
  • the sprayer for fluid and the method for delivering and atomizing fluid disclosed in the present application deliver and atomize a preset amount of fluid during the process of the sprayer extracting the fluid of the medication dose, thereby avoiding the nebulizer bringing health risks and misleading to the patient/user while ensuring the accuracy of the medication dose.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the generation stages of a predetermined amount of fluid in an embodiment of the related art.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a sprayer in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the sprayer in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sprayer in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the generation stages of a preset amount of fluid in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the upper shell in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a process in which a blocking member is pushed in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a process in which a blocking member releases the blocking of a delivery mechanism in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram showing a combination of a suction nozzle and a motion converter in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of a nozzle in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of a motion converter in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing a method of delivering and atomizing fluid in one embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. are used to describe various elements or parameters in this article in some instances, these elements or parameters should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element or parameter from another element or parameter.
  • first liquid state can be referred to as the second liquid state
  • second liquid state can be referred to as the first liquid state without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments.
  • the first liquid state and the second liquid state are both describing a liquid state, but unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, they are not the same liquid state.
  • A, B or C or "A, B and/or C” means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C". Only when the combination of elements, functions, steps or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way, will there be an exception to this definition.
  • the dosage of medicine refers to the dosage of medicine used at one time, which is the amount that can produce a drug therapeutic effect on the patient/user.
  • the preset amount refers to the amount pre-designed according to its use. The technicians in this field can pre-design it according to its actual use. Usually, the preset amount is smaller than the dosage of medicine.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the occurrence stage of a preset amount of fluid in an embodiment of the related technology.
  • the horizontal axis represents the timeline of triggering and starting the sprayer. Taking the sprayer conveying and atomizing fluid through the mechanical force generated by the spring as an example, the vertical axis represents the compression degree of the spring or the energy storage capacity of the spring, which can reflect the amount of fluid extracted and released.
  • the stage from 0 to t1 is the stage of triggering the sprayer, which includes two processes.
  • the first process is that the sprayer extracts fluid exceeding the dosage by tensioning the spring (corresponding to V2 in FIG1 , and V1 corresponds to the fluid of the dosage), and the second process is that the spring automatically releases a small part of the compression amount/energy to deliver and atomize the preset amount of fluid (corresponding to ⁇ V in FIG1 ).
  • the sprayer enters the ready state, which means that the sprayer currently has stored the fluid of the dosage through the pressure chamber, for example, and is waiting to be started.
  • the sprayer is in the ready state from t1 to t2.
  • the stage from t2 to t3 is the stage of starting the sprayer. For example, at t2, the patient/user manually operates the sprayer to start, so that the sprayer delivers and atomizes the fluid of the dosage from t2 to t3.
  • triggering a nebulizer refers to the process of driving a nebulizer to extract a fluid from a container containing a fluid and enter a ready state.
  • a triggering nebulizer may also be referred to as a tensioning nebulizer, a stretching nebulizer, a rotating nebulizer, etc.
  • Starting a nebulizer refers to the process of a nebulizer being started to deliver and atomize a dose of fluid.
  • starting a nebulizer may also be referred to as a releasing nebulizer, a resetting nebulizer, etc.
  • the process of delivering and atomizing a preset amount of fluid occurs at the end of the triggering nebulizer stage, that is, after the fluid of the medication dose is extracted.
  • This will result in: (1) the preset amount of fluid release automatically occurs at the end of the triggering nebulizer stage, and further, it automatically occurs after the nebulizer extracts the fluid, which can easily mislead the patient/user into thinking that the nebulizer has begun to release the medication dose.
  • the patient/user needs to twist the nebulizer to extract the fluid, and at the end of the twisting, the preset amount of fluid release will automatically occur, and the patient/user will easily think that the nebulizer has been used; (2) the medication dose is obtained indirectly, and the preset amount (i.e., V1) needs to be subtracted from the total extracted amount (i.e., V2).
  • the preset amount i.e., V1
  • V2 the preset amount
  • the nebulizer is usually over-tensioned (that is, the nebulizer is tensioned to a position where it can extract fluid exceeding the dosage of the drug). This process will further aggravate the wear of the components, so that the release of the preset amount will not be so accurate, which will lead to inaccurate drug dosage and failure to achieve a good therapeutic effect.
  • a sprayer for fluid is disclosed.
  • the sprayer can avoid health risks and misleading the user/patient.
  • the sprayer provided in the present application can also ensure the accuracy of the medication dose for the user/patient.
  • Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a sprayer in one embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a disassembled structural schematic diagram of the sprayer in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the sprayer in the embodiment shown in Figure 3 of the present application.
  • the sprayer 1 includes a sprayer housing 10, a delivery mechanism 11, a container (not shown in the figure), and a lower housing (not shown in the figure).
  • the container is used to contain multiple doses of fluid
  • the sprayer housing 10 is used to receive the container, which can be inserted into the sprayer housing 10, for example, along the arrow direction shown in FIG. 2.
  • the delivery mechanism 11 is used to move from the initial position to the tensioned position when the sprayer is tensioned (also referred to as being triggered or rotated or stretched) to extract the fluid of the dosage from the container.
  • the delivery mechanism 11 is also used to move from the tensioned position to the initial position when the sprayer is started to deliver and atomize the fluid of the dosage.
  • a temporary rebound movement will be used to deliver and atomize a preset amount of fluid.
  • the lower housing can be mounted/detached from the sprayer housing 10, so as to close/open the sprayer 1.
  • the sprayer can be triggered or started, and the sprayer can be opened to replace or insert the container.
  • the temporary rebound movement it means that the rebound movement occurs temporarily, and it will be stopped in a short time and continue the previous compression movement or tension movement.
  • the setting of the preset amount is positively correlated with the dosage of the medication.
  • the preset amount can be set to 1% to 15% of the dosage of the medication, preferably, it can be set to 3% to 8% of the dosage of the medication.
  • the preset amount can be set to about 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, or 15% of the dosage of the medication.
  • the setting of the preset amount is related to the surface area of the part to be cleaned, for example, the preset amount can be set to 5 to 10 times the area of the part to be cleaned to ensure effective cleaning.
  • the preset amount is used to clean the nozzle in the delivery mechanism of the sprayer, and the preset amount can be set to 5 to 10 times the internal area of the nozzle.
  • the preset amount is set at 0.15 to 3 microliters, preferably, can be set at 1 to 2 microliters.
  • the preset amount can be set to approximately 0.5 microliters, 1 microliter, 1.5 microliters, 2 microliters, 2.5 microliters, or 3 microliters, etc.
  • the preset amount can be used to rinse (also referred to as pre-clean) the delivery mechanism or the delivery assembly of the delivery mechanism or the nozzle of the delivery mechanism, so that sediment, crystals, dirt or contaminants, etc. are discharged or separated before the atomized dosage.
  • the preset amount can also be used for other purposes, which are not limited in this application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the occurrence phases of a preset amount of fluid in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the horizontal axis in the figure represents the timeline of triggering and starting the sprayer
  • the vertical axis represents the axial movement stroke of the delivery mechanism or the container, which reflects the amount of fluid extracted and released, and wherein V1 corresponds to the dosage, and ⁇ V corresponds to the preset amount.
  • the stage from 0 to t1 is the stage of triggering the sprayer, in which the movement of the delivery mechanism 11 is from the initial position to the tensioned position, and the compression amount from the initial position to the tensioned position is just enough to enable the delivery mechanism to extract and store the fluid of the dosage.
  • the first process is to tension the sprayer, and the sprayer extracts the fluid that does not reach the dosage (for example, V0 in FIG5 ).
  • the second process is a temporary rebound movement to atomize the preset amount of fluid ⁇ V.
  • the third process is to continue to tension the sprayer to the tensioned position to extract the fluid that reaches the dosage V1.
  • the process of delivering and atomizing a preset amount of fluid occurs during the process of extracting the dosage of medication.
  • the extraction of the fluid of the dosage of medication is directly obtained. It is only necessary to ensure that the initial position and the tensioning position can correspond to the dosage of medication. While ensuring the accuracy of the dosage of medication, the tolerance for the accuracy of the preset amount is greatly improved.
  • the preset amount of fluid is mainly used to flush the nozzle. The accuracy requirement of the preset amount is much lower than the dosage of medication. Even if there is a certain deviation in the preset amount ⁇ V in the design or long-term use as shown in FIG5 , it does not affect the fluid of the dosage of medication that can be finally extracted.
  • the release of the preset amount of fluid occurs automatically during the process of the sprayer extracting the fluid, that is, it occurs during the process of the patient/user still rotating or twisting the sprayer, which will not cause misunderstanding to the patient/user.
  • the container is used to store the aerosolized fluid, and provides the fluid containing the preset dosage units, for example, the container contains 60 dosage units of fluid, that is, the fluid allowing the nebulizer 1 to spray 60 medication doses.
  • the container is basically a cylindrical or box-shaped rigid structure, and the container has a collapsible bag for storing the fluid.
  • the fluid is configured as a liquid, which contains a drug component, and when the drug component is atomized, an aerosol (also referred to as a soft mist, aerosol, fine particles, or fine droplets, etc.) that can be breathed or inhaled by a patient/user is formed.
  • an aerosol also referred to as a soft mist, aerosol, fine particles, or fine droplets, etc.
  • the fluid may include particles or powder, and the fluid may also be a cosmetic liquid, a suspension, etc.
  • the drug component of the fluid may include at least one of the following compounds: anticholinergics, beta-receptor agonists, steroids, phosphodiesterase-IV-inhibitors, LTD4-antagonists, EGFR-kinase inhibitors, antiallergic drugs, ergot alkaloid derivatives, triptans, CGRP-antagonists, phosphodiesterase-V-inhibitors, etc.
  • the sprayer housing 10 includes an upper housing 100 and an inner housing 101 that can rotate relative to the upper housing 100.
  • the lower housing (not shown) can be further mounted/detached on the inner housing 101, and the lower housing can rotate relative to the upper housing 100.
  • the rotational movement of the lower housing relative to the sprayer housing 10 (for example, the user/patient generates the rotational movement by manual operation) can carry the inner housing 101 and the upper housing 100 to rotate relative to each other, so that the sprayer is triggered or enters a ready state (also referred to as ready for the next use).
  • the delivery mechanism 11 is associated with the sprayer housing 10 and the container to further convert the rotational movement of the lower housing relative to the upper housing 100 (or also referred to as the rotational movement of the inner housing 101 relative to the upper housing 100) into a downward axial movement of the container in the sprayer 1. During the downward axial movement of the container, the delivery mechanism 11 extracts the fluid stored in the container.
  • the axial movement refers to the movement along the axis direction of the sprayer, and the axis of the sprayer is shown as line X in FIG2 .
  • the axial movement can have two directions, the direction toward the sprayer housing 10 can be defined as the upward axial movement, and the direction away from the sprayer housing 10 can be defined as the downward axial movement.
  • the axial movement mentioned above and below can also be understood in this way, and will not be repeated here.
  • a rotational movement of the inner shell 101 relative to the upper shell 100 can trigger the sprayer.
  • the rotation angle of a rotational movement corresponds to the angle of rotation required to trigger the sprayer, and can also be understood as the angle of rotation required for the sprayer to enter the ready state from the untriggered state.
  • a rotational movement can be a 180° rotational movement centered on the axis of the sprayer.
  • the delivery mechanism 11 moves from the initial position to the tensioned position so that the container moves axially downward to the end in the sprayer 1 to extract the fluid of the dosage from the container.
  • the initial position refers to the position of the delivery mechanism in the sprayer in the natural state when the sprayer is not triggered, as shown in Figure 4, which is the initial position of the delivery mechanism 11.
  • the tensioned position refers to the position in the sprayer where the delivery mechanism is tensioned to extract the fluid of the dosage, and the tension generated from the initial position to the tensioned position can correspond to the fluid of the dosage.
  • the initial position and the tensioned position are used to reflect the relative shape of the delivery mechanism in the sprayer before and after being triggered, respectively, and do not represent an absolute position. Since the delivery mechanism includes multiple components or parts or structures, when in the initial position or the tensioned position, the various components of the delivery mechanism are not necessarily or need not be in the same position or present the same shape. When describing a specific component of the delivery mechanism 11 later, its initial position and tensioned position should also be understood in this way, and no further details will be given later.
  • annular protrusion 1000 is provided on the inner wall of the upper shell 100, and the outer wall of the inner shell 101 is provided with a structure matching the annular protrusion 1000, so that the inner shell 101 can be connected to the upper shell 100 and can rotate relative to the upper shell 100.
  • FIG3 and FIG4 are only examples and should not be understood as limiting the structures of the upper shell 100 and the inner shell 101. Those skilled in the art only need to design the structures of the two so that the two can rotate relative to each other.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the upper shell in one embodiment of the present application.
  • the upper shell 100 includes a base 1001 and a nozzle 1002.
  • the base 1001 is used to support the inner shell 101.
  • an annular protrusion 1000 is further provided on the base 1001, and the inner shell 101 is supported by the annular protrusion 1000.
  • the nozzle 1002 is connected to the base 1001, for example, it is provided on the base 1001 by screw fixing, and the patient/user can breathe/inhale the aerosol by means of the nozzle 1002.
  • a supply channel 1003 is formed on the nozzle 1002, and the supply channel 1003 can be used to accommodate/configure/form partial components or structures of a delivery mechanism, for example, a microfluidic structure, a pressure chamber, a quantitative cavity, etc. of the delivery mechanism.
  • a delivery mechanism for example, a microfluidic structure, a pressure chamber, a quantitative cavity, etc. of the delivery mechanism.
  • the structure of the delivery mechanism will be described in detail later.
  • the suction nozzle 1002 may be provided with an openable or closable cover, which is not shown in the figure.
  • the cover may be a transparent structure or partially transparent so that the patient/user can monitor the discharge of a preset amount of fluid.
  • it can also be set to be non-transparent so that the patient/user does not notice the discharge of a preset amount of fluid.
  • a rotatable blocking member 12 is further provided on the sprayer housing 100.
  • the blocking member 12 is rotatably provided on the suction nozzle 1002 of the sprayer housing 100.
  • the blocking member 12 includes a blocking portion 120 and a shaft 121, wherein the shaft 121 is fixed to the suction nozzle 1002, and the blocking portion 120 is connected to the shaft 121 and can rotate around the shaft 121.
  • the blocking member 12 is pushed to rotate so that the blocking portion 120 of the blocking member 12 partially enters the internal space of the inner shell 101 and is further located on the moving path of the delivery mechanism 11, so that after a rotational movement contact or after the sprayer is triggered, the blocking member 12 can block the delivery mechanism 11 to put the sprayer in a ready state, thereby preventing the sprayer from automatically delivering and atomizing a dose of fluid without being activated by the patient/user.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a process in which a blocking member is pushed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • a protrusion 1010 is provided on the inner shell 101.
  • the protrusion 1010 also rotates relative to the upper shell 100.
  • the protrusion 1010 contacts the blocking member 12 located on the upper shell 100 and pushes the blocking member 12 to rotate.
  • the protrusion 1010 of the inner shell 101 has a slope surface consistent with the rotational movement direction thereof (the slope surface may have a certain curvature in accordance with the shape of the inner shell 101).
  • the slope surface of the protrusion 1010 contacts the blocking member 120 of the blocking member 12 to form a motion track of the blocking member 120, so as to cause the blocking member 120 to rotate around the axis 121.
  • the blocking member 12 is also used to be rotated by manual operation to release the blocking of the delivery mechanism 11 to start the sprayer. After the blocking member 12 releases the blocking of the delivery mechanism 11, the delivery mechanism 11 moves from the tensioning position to the initial position (at the same time, The container moves axially upward to the initial position at the end in the sprayer to deliver and atomize the fluid of the dosage. Please refer to FIG8 and FIG3 to FIG5, FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the process of the blocking member releasing the blocking of the delivery mechanism in one embodiment of the present application.
  • the blocking member 12 when the patient/user needs to start the sprayer, the blocking member 12 can be actuated by manual operation (such as pressing) so that the blocking member 12 rotates in the opposite direction to when it is pushed as shown in FIG6, so that the blocking member 12 is away from the moving path of the delivery mechanism 11 and can no longer block the delivery mechanism 11, that is, the delivery mechanism 11 is released, so that the fluid of the dosage extracted in the triggering sprayer stage can be delivered and atomized.
  • manual operation such as pressing
  • the delivery mechanism 11 includes a motion converter 110, a drive spring 111, and a transmission structure 112.
  • the motion converter 110 is used to connect the container, thereby fixing the fully inserted container in the sprayer and driving the container to move axially.
  • the drive spring 111 is linked with the motion converter 110.
  • the transmission structure 112 is used to cooperate with the motion converter 110 to convert the rotational motion when the sprayer is triggered into axial motion.
  • the drive spring 111 may be supported by the inner shell 101 in the sprayer housing 10, the motion converter 110 is inserted into and abuts against the drive spring 111, and the transmission structure 112 cooperates with the motion converter 110 when the inner shell 101 rotates relative to the upper shell 100 (also referred to as triggering the sprayer), so that the motion converter 110 compresses (also referred to as tensioning) the drive spring 111 downward until it reaches the tensioned position, the motion converter 110 is blocked by the blocking member 12, and the drive spring 111 remains in the tensioned position, and after the patient/user manually operates the blocking member 12 to release the blockage of the motion converter 110, the drive spring 111 releases its elastic force to drive the motion converter 110 to move upward until it reaches the initial position.
  • the delivery mechanism 11 may further include a delivery assembly (not shown), the delivery assembly for example includes a delivery pipe, a check valve, a pressure chamber, a nozzle, etc., and the nozzle may include a microfluidic structure, which can disperse the fluid into an aerosol.
  • the components in the delivery assembly cooperate with each other to extract, deliver, and atomize the fluid.
  • the delivery pipe is arranged on the motion converter 110, and when the container is inserted into the sprayer housing 10, the delivery pipe penetrates into the container to communicate with the fluid in the container.
  • the motion converter 110 moves downward together with the container and the delivery pipe, and the fluid in the container is sucked out of the container and enters the pressure chamber through the check valve.
  • the drive spring 111 releases the elastic force so that the delivery pipe moves to the pressure chamber together with its now closed check valve, and the fluid in the pressure chamber is under pressure, forcing the fluid in the pressure chamber to be atomized and output through the nozzle.
  • the transmission structure 112 as described above can convert the rotational movement when triggering the sprayer into axial movement, wherein, during one rotational movement of the triggered sprayer (i.e., one rotational movement of the inner shell 101 relative to the upper shell 100), the axial movement includes a first movement stroke and a second movement stroke, and the temporary rebound movement generated by the aforementioned delivery mechanism during the movement from the initial position to the tensioning position occurs between the switching of the first movement stroke to the second movement stroke.
  • the first movement stroke included in the axial movement corresponds to Figure 5, which is the vertical coordinate 0 to V0 stage in Figure 5.
  • the first movement stroke allows the sprayer to extract fluid that has not reached the dosage.
  • the second movement stroke included in the axial movement corresponds to Figure 5, which is the vertical coordinate V0- ⁇ V to V1 stage in Figure 5.
  • the second movement stroke allows the sprayer to continue to extract fluid until the dosage V1 is reached.
  • the temporary rebound movement corresponds to the V0 to V0- ⁇ V stage, which occurs between the first movement stroke switching to the second movement stroke.
  • Figure 9 shows a structural schematic diagram of the combination of a suction nozzle and a motion converter in one embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the suction nozzle in one embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the motion converter in one embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmission structure 112 includes a first track 1120 and a second track 1121.
  • the first track 1120 includes an inclined surface (or slope surface) formed on the sprayer housing 10. Further, the inclined surface is formed on the suction nozzle 1002 of the upper shell 100. The inclined surface of the first track 1120 contacts the motion converter 110 to achieve the first movement stroke of the axial movement.
  • the motion converter 110 is provided with a guide structure 1100, and the guide structure 1100 can move on the first track 1120 to achieve the first movement stroke of the axial movement. Specifically, during the rotational movement of the trigger sprayer, that is, the inner shell 101 rotates relative to the upper shell 100, driving the motion converter 110 to rotate relative to the upper shell 100, so that the guide structure 1100 on the motion converter 110 walks on the inclined surface on the first track 1120. Since the inclined surface has a slope, the motion converter 110 is prompted to move axially downward during walking. Therefore, the movement of the guide structure 1100 on the first track 1120 can be converted into the first movement stroke.
  • the second track 1121 is formed on the motion converter 110, and after the motion converter 110 is separated from the first track 1120, it contacts the blocking member 12 to achieve the second movement stroke of the axial movement.
  • a groove 1122 is provided at the starting position of the second track 1121, and when the motion converter 110 is separated from the first track 1120, the groove 1122 allows the driving spring 111 to release part of the elastic force to drive the motion converter 110 to move axially upward until it is blocked by the blocking member to form the rebound movement. 7 and its description, when the inner shell 101 rotates relative to the upper shell 100 until the guide structure 1100 on the motion converter 110 moves to the end point of the first track 120, it will fall off the first track 1120.
  • the driving spring 111 can automatically release part of the elastic force, causing the motion converter 110 to move axially upward by a distance d to contact the blocking member 12.
  • the sprayer outputs and atomizes a preset amount of fluid.
  • the relative rotational movement of the inner shell 101 relative to the upper shell 100 has not yet reached the tensioning position, and the rotational movement will cause the blocking member 12 to move relative to the second track 1121.
  • the blocking member 12 has a depth d on the second track 1121 The relative movement of the sloped surface will therefore cause the motion converter 110 to further move axially downward. Therefore, the second movement stroke can be achieved through the contact and relative movement between the blocking member 12 and the second track 1121.
  • the transmission structure 112 includes at least two first tracks 1120 and at least two second tracks 1121. At least two first tracks 1120 are rotationally symmetrical, and at least two second tracks 1121 are also rotationally symmetrical. It should be understood that the specific number of the first track 1120 and the second track 1121 can be selected according to the rotation angle of a rotational motion of the sprayer, and a first track 1120 and a second track 1121 can realize the conversion of one or one rotational motion into axial movement. For example, as shown in Figures 3 to 11, the rotation angle of one or one rotational motion of the sprayer is 180°. In its embodiment, the first track 1120 is set to two, and the second track 1121 is set to two.
  • One of the first tracks 1120 and one of the second tracks 1121 cooperate to realize the conversion of one rotational motion into axial movement, so that the sprayer enters the ready state. After the sprayer delivers and atomizes the fluid of the dosage, the next time the sprayer continues to rotate, another first track 1120 and another second track 1121 will cooperate to realize the conversion of this rotational motion into axial movement.
  • first track 1120 and the second track 1121 may also set the first track 1120 and the second track 1121 as one respectively according to the inspiration of the present application and in combination with actual needs.
  • the rotation angle of one or a rotational movement also needs to be set to 360° accordingly, and the patient/user needs to rotate 360° to complete the work of triggering the sprayer.
  • the atomization of a preset amount of fluid as described above can occur at any time when the delivery mechanism moves from the initial position to the tensioned position, that is, it can occur at any time during the process of extracting the fluid of the medication dose.
  • the stroke length provided by the first track 1120 to the guide structure 1100 on the motion converter 110 as shown in Figures 8 to 9 and their descriptions, and the stroke length provided by the second track 1121 to the blocking member 12 can be set according to the timing of the atomization of the preset amount of fluid.
  • Those skilled in the art can also change the timing of the atomization of the preset amount of fluid accordingly by changing the stroke length provided by the first track 1120 to the guide structure 1100 on the motion converter 110, and the stroke length provided by the second track 1121 to the blocking member 12.
  • the depth d of the groove 1122 set on the second track 1121 is positively correlated with the preset amount, that is, in an example where the preset amount is set larger, the depth d needs to be set larger accordingly, and in an example where the preset amount is set smaller, the depth d needs to be set smaller accordingly.
  • the volume of the preset amount is positively correlated with the volume of the medication dose
  • the depth d of the groove 1122 can also be described as being positively correlated with the medication dose. Those skilled in the art can adjust the depth d of the groove 1122 as needed.
  • the depth d of the groove 1122 is configured to be 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.4 to 0.8 mm.
  • the depth d of the groove 1122 can be configured to be approximately 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, or 1.5 mm.
  • the nebulizer may further include other components, such as a counting device for passing
  • the counting device can also be used to detect the number of container insertions by counting the activations of the sprayer by detecting the rotation of the inner housing 101 relative to the upper housing 100.
  • the counting device can also be associated with a locking element to prevent further use of the sprayer, for example, when a certain number of activations or operations or released medication doses have been reached or exceeded, the rotation of the inner housing 101 relative to the upper housing 100 is prevented.
  • the nebulizer for fluid disclosed in the present application delivers and atomizes a preset amount of fluid during the process of the nebulizer extracting the fluid of the medication dose, thereby avoiding the nebulizer bringing health risks and misleading to the patient/user while ensuring the accuracy of the medication dose.
  • the present application also discloses a method for conveying and atomizing fluid, and the method for conveying and atomizing fluid is applied to the above-mentioned sprayer for fluid.
  • the sprayer can be a sprayer as described in any embodiment of Figures 1 to 11 and their descriptions.
  • Figure 12 is a flow chart of the method for conveying and atomizing fluid in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the method for conveying and atomizing fluid includes step S10 and step S11.
  • step S10 the delivery mechanism is moved from an initial position to a tensioned position to extract a dosage amount of fluid from the container.
  • step S10 during the process of moving from the initial position to the tensioned position, the delivery mechanism generates a temporary rebound motion to atomize a preset amount of fluid.
  • the delivery mechanism uses the structure described in any embodiment of Figures 2 to 11 to generate the rebound motion and atomize a preset amount of fluid. The detailed process can be referred to the description of Figures 2 to 11, which will not be repeated here.
  • the dosage refers to the amount of medication used at one time, which is the amount that can produce a therapeutic effect on the patient/user.
  • the preset amount refers to the amount pre-designed according to its use, and those skilled in the art can pre-design it according to its actual use. Usually, the preset amount is less than the dosage.
  • the setting of the preset amount is positively correlated with the dosage of the medication.
  • the preset amount can be set to 1% to 15% of the dosage of the medication, preferably, it can be set to 3% to 8% of the dosage of the medication.
  • the preset amount can be set to approximately 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, or 15% of the dosage of the medication.
  • the preset amount is set in relation to the area of the portion to be cleaned.
  • the preset amount can be set to 5 to 10 times the area of the portion to be cleaned to ensure effective cleaning.
  • the preset amount can be set to 5 to 10 times the internal area of the nozzle.
  • the preset amount is set at 0.15 to 3 microliters, preferably, can be set at 1 to 2 microliters.
  • the preset amount can be set to approximately 0.5 microliters, 1 microliter, 1.5 microliters, 2 microliters, 2.5 microliters, or 3 microliters, etc.
  • the preset amount can be used to rinse (also referred to as pre-clean) the delivery mechanism or the delivery assembly of the delivery mechanism or the nozzle of the delivery mechanism, so that sediment, crystals, dirt or contaminants, etc. are discharged or separated before the atomized dosage.
  • the preset amount can also be used for other purposes, which are not limited in this application.
  • the fluid is configured as a liquid, which contains a drug component, and when the drug component is atomized, an aerosol (also referred to as a soft mist, aerosol, fine particles, or fine droplets, etc.) that can be breathed or inhaled by a patient/user is formed.
  • an aerosol also referred to as a soft mist, aerosol, fine particles, or fine droplets, etc.
  • the fluid may include particles or powder, and the fluid may also be a cosmetic liquid, a suspension, etc.
  • the drug component of the fluid may include at least one of the following compounds: anticholinergics, beta-receptor agonists, steroids, phosphodiesterase-IV-inhibitors, LTD4-antagonists, EGFR-kinase inhibitors, antiallergic drugs, ergot alkaloid derivatives, triptans, CGRP-antagonists, phosphodiesterase-V-inhibitors.
  • step S11 the delivery mechanism is moved from the tensioned position to the initial position to atomize the fluid of the dosage amount.
  • the sprayer utilizes the structure described in any of the embodiments in Figures 2 to 11 to perform step S11.
  • the specific reference structure and the detailed process of step S10 can be found in the description of Figures 2 to 11, which will not be repeated here.
  • the present application discloses a method for delivering and atomizing fluid, which delivers and atomizes a preset amount of fluid during the process of a nebulizer extracting a dose of fluid, thereby avoiding health risks and misleading the nebulizer to the patient/user while ensuring the accuracy of the medication dose.

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Abstract

本申请公开一种用于流体的喷雾器、以及输送和雾化流体的方法，所述喷雾器包括：容器，容纳多剂量的所述流体；递送机构，用于在所述喷雾器被张紧时，由初始位置移动至张紧位置，以从所述容器中抽取用药剂量的流体，在启动所述喷雾器时，由张紧位置移动至初始位置，以对所述用药剂量的流体进行雾化；其中，所述递送机构在从初始位置运动至张紧位置的过程中，通过一暂时的回弹运动以雾化预设量的流体，所述用药剂量为一次用药量，所述预设量小于所述用药剂量。

Description

喷雾器及输送和雾化流体的方法 技术领域
本申请涉及喷雾器技术领域，具体的涉及一种用于流体的喷雾器，以及输送和雾化流体的方法。
背景技术
吸入型喷雾器作为一种医疗器械，也可被称之为软雾剂吸入器、喷雾器等，其可用于治疗上呼吸道疾病，通过将药液分散成细小的颗粒/气溶胶，然后用户以呼吸吸入的方式使得药物进入呼吸道和肺部沉积，从而达到治疗的目的。
在喷雾器首次使用或者搁置一定时间后使用时，一方面，其内部递送机构内的空气或沉积物会影响喷雾器的计量精度，这对于用户来说，会使得其一次吸入的药物剂量不足，从而达不到良好的治疗效果；另一方面其流体通路上可能会滋生细菌或被污染，药液通过流体通路会将细菌或污染物带给用户，影响用户的身体健康。
因此，亟需提供一种用于流体的喷雾器，能够更精准的给用户递送药物，且避免给用户带来新的不安全因素。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述相关技术的缺点，本申请的目的在于提供一种用于流体的喷雾器以及输送和雾化流体的方法，用以克服上述相关技术中存在的上述技术问题。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本申请公开的第一方面提供一种用于流体的喷雾器，包括：容器，容纳多剂量的所述流体；递送机构，用于在所述喷雾器被张紧时，由初始位置移动至张紧位置，以从所述容器中抽取用药剂量的流体，在启动所述喷雾器时，由张紧位置移动至初始位置，以对所述用药剂量的流体进行雾化；其中，所述递送机构在从初始位置运动至张紧位置的过程中，通过一暂时的回弹运动以雾化一预设量的流体，所述用药剂量为一次用药量，所述预设量小于所述用药剂量。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述喷雾器还包括：喷雾器壳体，用于接纳所述容器；下壳体，其可打开所述喷雾器以替换或插入所述容器，通过所述下壳体相对所述喷雾器壳体的旋转运动使所述喷雾器被张紧或进入准备状态。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述递送机构包括：运动转换器，用于连接所述容器，并带动所述容器沿轴向移动；驱动弹簧，与所述运动转换器相联动，其在释放弹力 时驱动所述运动转换器回到所述初始位置；传动结构，所述传动结构用于配合所述运动转换器，以将所述喷雾器被张紧时的旋转运动转换为轴向移动，在一个旋转运动期间，所述轴向移动包括第一移动行程和第二移动行程，所述暂时的回弹运动发生在所述第一移动行程切换至第二移动行程之间。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述一个旋转运动是以喷雾器的轴线为中心的180°旋转运动。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述传动结构包括：第一轨道，包括形成于所述喷雾器的喷雾器壳体上的倾斜表面，所述倾斜表面与所述运动转换器接触，以实现所述轴向移动的第一移动行程；第二轨道，其形成于所述运动转换器上，在所述运动转换器脱离所述第一轨道后，其与一阻挡件接触，以实现所述轴向移动的第二移动行程。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述阻挡件可转动的设置于所述喷雾器壳体上，在所述旋转运动期间所述阻挡件被推动转动以接触所述第二轨道。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述喷雾器的喷雾器壳体包括上壳部和内壳部，所述内壳部可旋转的被支撑于所述上壳部上，所述内壳部上设置有凸起部以在所述旋转运动期间，推动所述阻挡件转动。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述阻挡件还用于通过手动操作被转动以释放所述运动转换器，以允许所述驱动弹簧释放弹力。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述传动结构包括至少两个第一轨道和至少两个第二轨道。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述第二轨道的起始位置设置有一凹槽，在所述运动转换器脱离所述第一轨道时，所述凹槽允许所述驱动弹簧释放部分弹力以驱动所述运动转换器向上移动至被所述阻挡件阻挡，以形成所述回弹运动。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述凹槽的深度与所述预设量或所述用药剂量呈正相关。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述凹槽的深度配置为0.1至1.5mm。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述运动转换器包括一导向结构，所述导向结构在所述第一轨道上运动，以实现所述轴向移动的第一移动行程。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述预设量用于清洗所述喷雾器的喷嘴。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述预设量在0.15至3微升。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述预设量为用药剂量的1％至15％之间。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述流体包含有药物成分。
在本申请第一方面公开的某些实施例中，所述药物成分包括以下化合物中的至少一种：抗胆碱能药、β受体激动剂、类固醇、磷酸二酯酶-IV-抑制剂、LTD4-拮抗剂、EGFR-激酶抑制剂、抗过敏药、麦角生物碱衍生物、曲普坦类药物、CGRP-拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶-V-抑制剂。
本申请公开的第二方面提供一种输送和雾化流体的方法，包括：将递送机构由初始位置移动至张紧位置，以从容器中抽取用药剂量的流体；在所述初始位置移动至张紧位置的过程中，所述递送机构产生一暂时的回弹运动以雾化一预设量的流体；将所述递送机构由张紧位置移动至初始位置，以对所述用药剂量的流体进行雾化；其中，所述用药剂量为一次用药量，所述预设量小于所述用药剂量。
在本申请第二方面公开的某些实施例中，所述预设量用于清洗所述喷雾器的喷嘴。
在本申请第二方面公开的某些实施例中，所述预设量在0.15至3微升。
在本申请第二方面公开的某些实施例中，所述预设量为用药剂量的1％至15％之间。
在本申请第二方面公开的某些实施例中，所述流体包含有药物成分。
在本申请第二方面公开的某些实施例中，所述药物成分包括以下化合物中的至少一种：抗胆碱能药、β受体激动剂、类固醇、磷酸二酯酶-IV-抑制剂、LTD4-拮抗剂、EGFR-激酶抑制剂、抗过敏药、麦角生物碱衍生物、曲普坦类药物、CGRP-拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶-V-抑制剂。
综上所述，本申请公开的用于流体的喷雾器以及输送和雾化流体的方法，通过在喷雾器抽取用药剂量的流体的过程中以输送和雾化预设量的流体，以避免喷雾器给患者/用户带来健康隐患以及错误引导的同时还可确保用药剂量的精准。
本领域技术人员能够从下文的详细描述中容易地洞察到本申请的其它方面和优势。下文的详细描述中仅显示和描述了本申请的示例性实施方式。如本领域技术人员将认识到的，本申请的内容使得本领域技术人员能够对所公开的具体实施方式进行改动而不脱离本申请所涉及发明的精神和范围。相应地，本申请的附图和说明书中的描述仅仅是示例性的，而非为限制性的。
附图说明
本申请所涉及的发明的具体特征如所附权利要求书所显示。通过参考下文中详细描述的示例性实施方式和附图能够更好地理解本申请所涉及发明的特点和优势。对附图简要说明书如下：
图1显示为相关技术在一实施例中的预设量的流体的发生阶段示意图。
图2显示为本申请在一实施例中的喷雾器的部分结构示意图。
图3显示为本申请在图2所示实施例中喷雾器的拆分结构示意图。
图4显示为本申请在图3所示实施例中喷雾器的剖面结构示意图。
图5显示为本申请在一实施例中的预设量的流体的发生阶段示意图。
图6显示为本申请在一实施例中的上壳部的拆分结构示意图。
图7显示为本申请在一实施例中阻挡件被推动的过程示意图。
图8显示为本申请在一实施例中阻挡件解除对递送机构阻挡的过程示意图。
图9显示为本申请在一实施例中的吸嘴与运动转换器结合的结构示意图。
图10显示为本申请在一实施例中吸嘴的立体结构示意图。
图11显示为本申请在一实施例中的运动转换器的立体结构示意图。
图12显示为本申请在一实施例中的输送和雾化流体的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本申请的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本申请的其他优点及功效。
在下述描述中，参考附图，附图描述了本申请的若干实施例。应当理解，还可使用其他实施例，并且可以在不背离本公开的精神和范围的情况下进行模块或单元组成、电气以及操作上的改变。下面的详细描述不应该被认为是限制性的，并且本申请的实施例的范围仅由公布的专利的权利要求所限定。这里使用的术语仅是为了描述特定实施例，而并非旨在限制本申请。
虽然在一些实例中术语第一、第二等在本文中用来描述各种元件或参数，但是这些元件或参数不应当被这些术语限制。这些术语仅用来将一个元件或参数与另一个元件或参数进行区分。例如，第一液量状态可以被称作第二液量状态，并且类似地，第二液量状态可以被称作第一液量状态，而不脱离各种所描述的实施例的范围。第一液量状态和第二液量状态均是在描述一个液量状态，但是除非上下文以其他方式明确指出，否则它们不是同一个液量状态。
再者，如同在本文中所使用的，单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式，除非上下文中有相反的指示。应当进一步理解，术语“包含”、“包括”表明存在所述的特征、步骤、操作、元件、组件、项目、种类、和/或组，但不排除一个或多个其他特征、步骤、操作、元件、组件、项目、种类、和/或组的存在、出现或添加。此处使用的术语“或”和“和/或”被解释为包括性的，或意味着任一个或任何组合。因此，“A、B或C”或者“A、B和/或C”意味着“以下任一个：A；B；C；A和B；A和C；B和C；A、B和C”。仅当元件、功能、步骤或操作的组合在某些方式下内在地互相排斥时，才会出现该定义的例外。
为了解决背景技术中所述的技术问题，即，在喷雾器首次使用或者搁置一定时间后使用时，会出现计量精度不准确以及给患者/用户带来不能适量用药而导致健康隐患等问题，在一些实施例中，设计喷雾器可以在每次递送用药剂量的流体之前，会先雾化一预设量的流体以冲洗喷雾器，但这种设计中，所述预设量的流体的输送和雾化，发生在喷雾器抽取(也可称之为抽吸)用药剂量的流体之后，也即，喷雾器需要在抽取用药剂量的流体之后继续抽取预设量的流体以进行雾化。其中，所述用药剂量是指一次用药量，其为可对患者/用户产生药物治疗作用的数量。所述预设量是指根据其用途而预先设计的量，本领域技术人员可根据其实际用途预先设计，通常预设量小于用药剂量。
以下结合图1对上述雾化预设量的流体的方式进行说明，图1显示为相关技术在一实施例中的预设量的流体的发生阶段示意图，横坐标表示触发和启动喷雾器的时间线，以喷雾器通过弹簧产生的机械力来输送和雾化流体为例，纵坐标表示弹簧的压缩程度或称之为弹簧的储能量，其可以反映抽取和释放的流体的量。
如图1所示，在0至t1阶段为触发喷雾器阶段，该阶段包括两个过程，第一个过程为通过张紧弹簧，喷雾器抽取超过用药剂量的流体(对应为图1中的V2，V1对应为用药剂量的流体)，第二个过程为弹簧自动释放小部分压缩量/能量以输送和雾化预设量的流体(对应为图1中的△V)。触发喷雾器之后，喷雾器即进入准备状态，准备状态是指喷雾器当前例如通过压力室已存储用药剂量的流体，等待被启动的状态，如在图1中，t1至t2阶段喷雾器处于准备状态。在t2至t3阶段为启动喷雾器阶段，例如，在t2时，患者/用户手动操作启动喷雾器，使得喷雾器在t2至t3阶段输送和雾化用药剂量的流体。
应理解的是，触发喷雾器是指驱动喷雾器从一容纳流体的容器中抽取其中流体并进入准备状态的过程。根据触发喷雾器阶段不同部件的主要状态，触发喷雾器也可被称之为张紧喷雾器、拉伸喷雾器、旋转喷雾器等。启动喷雾器是指喷雾器被启动以输送和雾化用药剂量的流体的过程，根据启动喷雾器阶段不同部件的主要状态，启动喷雾器也可被称之为释放喷雾器、复位喷雾器等。
如图1所示的实施例中，输送和雾化预设量的流体的过程发生在触发喷雾器阶段的最后，也即抽取用药剂量的流体之后。这会使得：(1)预设量的流体释放自动发生在触发喷雾器阶段的最后，进一步地，是自动发生在喷雾器抽取流体之后，这容易给患者/用户造成误导，以为喷雾器已经开始释放用药剂量，例如，需要通过患者/用户扭动喷雾器来抽取流体，在其扭动结束，会自动发生预设量的流体释放，患者/用户会很容易认为喷雾器已经被使用了；(2)用药剂量是间接得到的，需要由总抽取量(即V2)减去预设量(即V1)，如此，为了保证用 药剂量的精准度，需要保证两个数量的精准，这给设计带来了困难，且由于喷雾器被多次使用，即使在初始设计时保证了两个数量的精准，但每次输送和雾化预设量的流体的阶段会对喷雾器的各部件产生磨损，更进一步地，由于输送和雾化预设量的流体的过程发生在触发喷雾器阶段的最后，通常会对喷雾器进行过张紧(即，表示喷雾器被张紧到可以抽取到超过用药剂量流体的位置)，该过程会进一步加剧部件磨损，从而预设量的释放并不会那么精准，从而会导致用药剂量也不精准，不能达到良好的治疗效果。
鉴于此，在本申请提供的一些实施例中，公开了一种用于流体的喷雾器，通过在喷雾器抽取用药剂量的流体的过程中以输送和雾化预设量的流体，以避免喷雾器给用户/患者带来健康隐患以及错误引导，本申请提供的喷雾器还可确保用户/患者用药剂量的精准。
请参阅图2至图4，图2显示为本申请在一实施例中的喷雾器的部分结构示意图，图3显示为本申请在图2所示实施例中喷雾器的拆分结构示意图，图4显示为本申请在图3所示实施例中喷雾器的剖面结构示意图，如图所示，所述喷雾器1包括喷雾器壳体10、递送机构11、容器(未予以图示)、以及下壳体(未予以图示)。
所述容器用于容纳多剂量的流体，所述喷雾器壳体10用于接纳容器，容器可例如沿着图2中所示箭头方向插入喷雾器壳体10。所述递送机构11用于在喷雾器被张紧时(也可称之为被触发或被旋转或被拉伸)，由初始位置移动到张紧位置，以从容器中抽取用药剂量的流体，递送机构11还用于在启动喷雾器时，由张紧位置移动到初始位置，以对所述用药剂量的流体进行输送和雾化。其中，在递送机构11从初始位置移动到张紧位置的过程中，也即，抽取用药剂量的流体期间，会通过一暂时的回弹运动以输送和雾化预设量的流体。所述下壳体可安装/脱卸于喷雾器壳体10，从而关闭/打开喷雾器1，在关闭喷雾器1后，可触发喷雾器或启动喷雾器，打开喷雾器可替换或插入容器。其中，所述暂时的回弹运动是指回弹运动是暂时发生的，短时间内就会被阻止并继续之前的压缩运动或张紧运动。
在一实施例中，所述预设量的设置与用药剂量呈正相关，例如，在用药剂量较大时，预设量也设置较大，在用药剂量较小时，预设量设置较小。具体地，所述预设量可设置为用药剂量的1％至15％，优选地，可设置为用药剂量的3％至8％，举例来说，预设量可设置约为用药剂量的1％、2％、3％、4％、5％、6％、7％、8％、9％、10％、11％、12％、13％、14％、或15％等。
在一实施例中，所述预设量的设置与其需要清洗部分的表面积相关，例如，预设量可设置为需清洗部分的面积的5至10倍，以保证有效清洗。例如，预设量用于清洗喷雾器的递送机构中的喷嘴，预设量可设置为喷嘴内部面积的5至10倍。
在一实施例中，所述预设量设置在0.15至3微升，优选地，可设置在1至2微升，举例来说，预设量可以设置约为0.5微升、1微升、1.5微升、2微升、2.5微升、或3微升等。
在一实施例中，所述预设量可用于冲洗(也称之为预清洗)递送机构或递送机构的输送组件或递送机构的喷嘴，使得在雾化用药剂量之前排出或分离沉积物、结晶、污垢或污染物等。当然，预设量也可用于其他用途，本申请在此不作限制。
请参阅图5，显示为本申请在一实施例中的预设量的流体的发生阶段示意图，如图所示，图中横坐标表示触发和启动喷雾器的时间线，纵坐标表示递送机构或容器的轴向移动行程，其反映抽取和释放的流体的量，并且其中V1对应为用药剂量，△V对应为预设量，如图5所示，在0至t1阶段为触发喷雾器阶段，在该阶段递送机构11的运动是由初始位置移动到张紧位置，初始位置至张紧位置的压缩量，刚好可以使得递送机构可以抽取并存取用药剂量的流体，在该阶段有三个过程，第一个过程为张紧喷雾器，喷雾器抽取未达到用药剂量的流体(例如图5中的V0)，第二个过程为暂时的回弹运动以雾化预设量△V的流体，第三个过程为继续张紧喷雾器至张紧位置，抽取达到用药剂量V1的流体。
换言之，如图5所示，输送和雾化预设量的流体的过程发生在抽取用药剂量的过程中，用药剂量的流体的抽取是直接得到的，只需保证初始位置和张紧位置能够对应用药剂量即可，在保证用药剂量精准度的同时，还大大提高了对预设量精度的容忍性，举例来说，预设量的流体主要为了冲洗喷嘴，预设量的精度要求要大大低于用药剂量，即使设计中或者长期使用中如图5中的预设量△V存在一定的偏差，也都不影响最终可以抽取到用药剂量的流体。另外，如图5所示，预设量的流体释放是自动发生在喷雾器抽取流体的过程中，也即发生在患者/用户还在旋转或扭动喷雾器的过程中，不会给患者/用户造成误解。
以下结合图2至图11对喷雾器的工作原理和结构进行说明。
在一实施例中，所述容器用于存储被雾化的流体，提供包含预设剂量单位的流体，例如，容器包含60剂量单位的流体，即允许喷雾器1喷射60次用药剂量的流体。所述容器基本是圆柱形或盒形的刚性结构，容器内具有用于保存流体的可坍缩袋。
在一实施例中，所述流体设置为液体，其包含药物成分，所述药物成分被雾化时，形成可被患者/用户呼吸或吸入的气雾剂(也称之为软雾剂、气溶胶、细小颗粒、或细小液滴等)。当然，在另一些实施例中，所述流体可包括颗粒或粉末，流体也可为化妆品液体、混悬液等。
在一实施例中，所述流体的药物成分可包括以下化合物中的至少一种：抗胆碱能药、β受体激动剂、类固醇、磷酸二酯酶-IV-抑制剂、LTD4-拮抗剂、EGFR-激酶抑制剂、抗过敏药、麦角生物碱衍生物、曲普坦类药物、CGRP-拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶-V-抑制剂等。
请继续参阅2至图4，喷雾器壳体10包括上壳部100和可相对于所述上壳部100旋转的内壳部101。所述下壳体(未予以图示)进一步地可安装/脱卸于内壳部101上，下壳体可相对于上壳部100旋转，通过下壳体相对于喷雾器壳体10的旋转运动(例如，用户/患者通过手动操作以产生所述旋转运动)以携带内壳部101与上壳部100相对旋转，以使得喷雾器被触发或进入准备状态(也可称之为准备进行下一次使用)。所述递送机构11相关联于喷雾器壳体10和容器，以进一步将下壳体相对于上壳部100的旋转运动(或也可称之为内壳部101相对上壳部100的旋转运动)转为容器在喷雾器1内的向下轴向运动，在容器向下轴向运动中，递送机构11抽取容器内存储的流体。
其中，所述轴向运动是指沿着喷雾器的轴线方向的运动，喷雾器的轴线呈如图2中的线条X所示意。轴向运动可以具有两个方向，朝向喷雾器壳体10的方向可以定义为向上的轴向运动，远离喷雾器壳体10的方向可以定义为向下的轴向运动，前述以及后文提及的轴向运动也可以此理解，在此不再赘述。
其中，内壳部101相对上壳部100的一次旋转运动，可以触发喷雾器。一次旋转运动的旋转角度对应为触发喷雾器所需旋转的角度，也可理解为，喷雾器由未触发状态进入准备状态所需旋转的角度。例如，一次旋转运动可以为以喷雾器的轴线为中心的180°旋转运动。在该过程中，递送机构11由初始位置移动至张紧位置，以使得容器在喷雾器1内向下轴向运动至最末端，以从容器中抽取用药剂量的流体。所述初始位置是指喷雾器未被触发时，自然状态下递送机构在喷雾器内的位置，呈如图4中所示，为递送机构11的初始位置。所述张紧位置是指递送机构在喷雾器内的被张紧到可以抽取到用药剂量流体的位置，由初始位置至张紧位置产生的张紧量可以对应抽取用药剂量的流体。
应理解的是，所述初始位置和所述张紧位置分别用于反映递送机构在未被触发和触发后在喷雾器内的相对形态，并不表示一个绝对的位置，由于递送机构包括多个组件或部件或结构，在初始位置或张紧位置时，递送机构的各个组成部分并不必然也无必要在同一位置或不必然也无必要呈现相同形态，后文在描述递送机构11中某一具体组成时，对其初始位置和张紧位置也应以此理解，后续不再赘述。
在一实施例中，如图3和图4所示，所述上壳部100的内壁上设置有环状凸起物1000，所述内壳部101的外壁设置为与所述环状凸起物1000相配合的结构，以使得内壳部101能够被连接在上壳部100上且能够相对上壳部100发生相对旋转。当然，图3和图4仅为一种示例，并不应理解为对上壳部100和内壳部101结构的限制，本领域技术人员只需设计两者的结构以使得两者可以发生相对旋转即可。
在一实施例中，请参阅图6，显示为本申请在一实施例中的上壳部的拆分结构示意图，如图所示，上壳部100包括基座1001和吸嘴1002。所述基座1001用于支撑内壳部101，例如，环状凸起物1000进一步设置在基座1001，借助所述环状凸起物1000支撑内壳部101。所述吸嘴1002连接基座1001，例如通过螺丝固定的方式设置在基座1001上，患者/用户借助所述吸嘴1002可呼吸/吸入气雾剂。
在一实施例中，如图4和图6所示，所述吸嘴1002上形成有供给通道1003，所述供给通道1003可用于容纳/配置/形成有递送机构的部分组件或结构，例如，递送机构的微流体结构、压力室、定量腔等，递送机构的结构容后详述。
为了便于保护所述吸嘴1002，在一些实施例中，所述吸嘴1002上还可设置有可开启或关闭的盖，图中未予以示意，所述盖可以是透明结构或部分是透明的，以便患者/用户可以监测到预设量的流体的排出，当然，也可设置为非透明，以使得患者/用户注意不到预设量的流体排出。
在一实施例中，如图2和图6所示，所述喷雾器壳体100上还设置有可转动的阻挡件12，例如，该阻挡件12可转动的设置在喷雾器壳体100的吸嘴1002上。在一些示例中，所述阻挡件12包括阻挡部120和轴121，所述轴121固定于吸嘴1002上，所述阻挡部120连接于轴121，并可以轴121为中心旋转。
在前述内壳部101相对上壳部100的旋转运动期间，所述阻挡件12被推动转动，以使得阻挡件12的阻挡部120部分进入内壳部101的内部空间内，并进一步位于递送机构11的移动路径上，从而在一次旋转运动接触后或触发喷雾器后，所述阻挡件12可以阻挡递送机构11，以使得喷雾器处于准备状态，避免喷雾器在无患者/用户启动的情况下自动输送和雾化用药剂量的流体。
请参阅图7并结合图3至7，图7显示为本申请在一实施例中阻挡件被推动的过程示意图，如图3至图7所示，在内壳部101上设置有凸起部1010，在内壳部101相对上壳部100的旋转运动期间，所述凸起部1010也相对上壳部100旋转，在旋转中，会接触到位于上壳部100上的阻挡件12并推动所述阻挡件12转动。具体地，内壳部101的凸起部1010具有一与其旋转运动方向相一致的斜坡表面(顺应内壳部101的形状，斜坡表面可具有一定的弧度)，在旋转中，凸起部1010的斜坡表面与阻挡件12的阻挡部120接触，以形成阻挡部120的运动轨道，促使阻挡件120以轴121为中心转动。
所述阻挡件12还用于通过手动操作被旋转以解除对递送机构11的阻挡，以启动喷雾器，在阻挡件12解除对递送机构11的阻挡后，递送机构11由张紧位置移动至初始位置(同时会 使得容器在喷雾器内最末端向上轴向运动至初始位置)，以输送和雾化用药剂量的流体。请参阅图8并结合图3至图5，图8显示为本申请在一实施例中阻挡件解除对递送机构阻挡的过程示意图，如图所示，患者/用户需要启动喷雾器时，可通过手动操作(例如按压)致动所述阻挡件12，使得阻挡件12发生与如图6所示被推动时相反方向的转动，从而使得阻挡件12远离递送机构11的移动路径，不再能够阻挡递送机构11，即，递送机构11被释放，从而可以将触发喷雾器阶段抽取的用药剂量的流体进行输送和雾化。
在一实施例中，如图3和图4所示，所述递送机构11包括运动转换器110、驱动弹簧111、以及传动结构112。所述运动转换器110用于连接容器，从而将完全插入的容器固定在喷雾器中，并可带动容器沿轴向移动。所述驱动弹簧111与运动转换器110相联动。所述传动结构112用于配合运动转换器110，以将触发喷雾器时的旋转运动转换为轴向移动。举例来说，驱动弹簧111可被内壳部101支撑在喷雾器壳体10内，运动转换器110插入并抵靠驱动弹簧111，传动结构112在内壳部101相对上壳部100旋转时(也可称之为触发喷雾器时)与运动转换器110相配合，使得运动转换器110向下压缩(也可称之为张紧)驱动弹簧111直至张紧位置，运动转换器110被阻挡件12阻挡，驱动弹簧111保持在张紧位置，在患者/用户通过手动操作阻挡件12以解除对运动转换器110的阻挡后，驱动弹簧111释放弹力以驱动运动转换器110向上移动直至初始位置。
在一实施例中，所述递送机构11还可进一步包括输送组件(未予以图示)，所述输送组件例如包括输送管、止回阀、压力室、喷嘴等，所述喷嘴可包括微流体结构，微流体结构能够将流体分散为气雾剂。输送组件中的各部件之间相互配合可进行流体的抽取、输送、和雾化等。所述输送管设置于所述运动转换器110上，容器插入喷雾器壳体10时，输送管穿入容器内以连通容器内的流体。在触发雾化器使驱动弹簧111被张紧时，运动转换器110连同容器及输送管向下移动且容器内的流体通过止回阀而被吸出容器且进入压力室内。在手动操作阻挡件12后，驱动弹簧111释放弹力使得输送管连同其现在闭合的止回阀移向压力室，压力室中的流体处于压力下，迫使压力室中的流体通过喷嘴雾化和输出。
如前所述的传动结构112可以将触发喷雾器时的旋转运动转换为轴向移动，其中，在触发喷雾器的一个旋转运动期间(即，内壳部101相对上壳部100的一次旋转运动)，该轴向移动包括第一移动行程和第二移动行程，前述递送机构在从初始位置运动至张紧位置期间产生的暂时的回弹运动发生在所述第一移动行程切换至第二移动行程之间。
请结合图5及其描述，通过患者/用户旋转喷雾器，在0至t1阶段，内壳部101相对上壳部100会产生一次旋转运动，该旋转运动会被转换为运动转换器110或容器的轴向移动，即 对应为驱动弹簧111的张紧运动，该轴向移动包括的第一移动行程对应至图5中，为图5中纵坐标0至V0阶段，第一移动行程使得喷雾器可以抽取未达到用药剂量的流体，轴向移动包括的第二移动行程对应至图5中，为图5中纵坐标V0-△V至V1阶段，第二移动行程使得喷雾器可以继续抽取流体直至达到用药剂量V1，暂时的回弹运动对应为V0至V0-△V阶段，其发生在所述第一移动行程切换至第二移动行程之间。
请参阅图9至图11并结合图3至图4，图9显示为本申请在一实施例中的吸嘴与运动转换器结合的结构示意图，图10显示为本申请在一实施例中吸嘴的立体结构示意图，图11显示为本申请在一实施例中的运动转换器的立体结构示意图，所述传动结构112包括第一轨道1120和第二轨道1121。
在一实施例中，所述第一轨道1120包括形成于喷雾器壳体10上的倾斜表面(或称坡度表面)，进一步地，倾斜表面形成于上壳部100的吸嘴1002上，第一轨道1120的倾斜表面与运动转换器110接触，以实现所述轴向移动的第一移动行程。运动转换器110上设置有导向结构1100，所述导向结构1100可以在所述第一轨道1120上运动，以实现所述轴向移动的第一移动行程。具体地，在触发喷雾器的旋转运动期间，也即内壳部101相对上壳部100相对旋转，带动运动转换器110相对上壳部100相对旋转，从而运动转换器110上的导向结构1100在第一轨道1120上的倾斜表面上行走，由于倾斜表面具有坡度，在行走中会促使运动转换器110向下轴向移动，因此，导向结构1100在所述第一轨道1120上运动可转换为第一移动行程。
在一实施例中，所述第二轨道1121形成于运动转换器110上，在运动转换器110脱离所述第一轨道1120后，其与阻挡件12接触，以实现所述轴向移动的第二移动行程。如图11所示，所述第二轨道1121的起始位置设置有一凹槽1122，在运动转换器110脱离第一轨道1120时，所述凹槽1122允许驱动弹簧111释放部分弹力以驱动运动转换器110向上轴向移动至被所述阻挡件阻挡，以形成所述回弹运动。具体地，内壳部101相对上壳部100相对旋转以促使运动转换器110上的导向结构1100在第一轨道1120上运动期间，阻挡件12以图7及其描述中所示的方式被转动，当内壳部101相对上壳部100相对旋转至运动转换器110上的导向结构1100运动至第一轨道120的终点后，会从第一轨道1120上脱落，由于阻挡件12与第二轨道1121之间的距离为凹槽1122深度d，因此驱动弹簧111可以自动释放部分弹力，促使运动转换器110向上轴向运动距离d以与阻挡件12接触，在这个过程中，喷雾器输出和雾化预设量的流体，此时，内壳部101相对上壳部100相对旋转运动还未达到张紧位置，旋转运动会使得阻挡件12在第二轨道1121上相对运动，由于阻挡件12是在第二轨道1121上具有 坡度的表面相对运动，因此，会促使运动转换器110进一步向下轴向运动，因此，通过阻挡件12与所述第二轨道1121接触并发生相对运动，可实现为第二移动行程。
在一实施例中，所述传动结构112包括至少两个第一轨道1120和至少两个第二轨道1121。至少两个第一轨道1120呈旋转对称，至少两个第二轨道1121也呈旋转对称。应理解的是，第一轨道1120和第二轨道1121的具体数量可根据喷雾器的一个旋转运动的旋转角度选择，一个第一轨道1120和一个第二轨道1121可以实现将一次或一个旋转运动转换为轴向移动。举例来说，如图3至11所示，喷雾器的一个或一次旋转运动的旋转角度为180°，其实施例中，第一轨道1120设置为两个，第二轨道1121设置为两个，由其中一个第一轨道1120和其中一个第二轨道1121配合以实现将一次旋转运动转换为轴向移动，以使得喷雾器进入准备状态，在喷雾器输送和雾化用药剂量的流体后，下次继续旋转喷雾器，会由其中另一个第一轨道1120和另一个第二轨道1121配合以实现将该次的旋转运动转换为轴向移动。
当然，本领域技术人员也可以根据本申请的启发并结合实际需求将第一轨道1120和第二轨道1121分别设置为一个，如此，一次或一个旋转运动的旋转角度也需要相应设置为360°，患者/用户需要旋转360°才可以完成触发喷雾器的工作。
在一些实施例中，如前所述的预设量的流体的雾化可以在递送机构由初始位置运动至张紧位置的任意时刻发生，也即，可以在抽取用药剂量的流体的过程中的任意时刻发生，鉴于此，如图8至图9及其描述所示的第一轨道1120给运动转换器110上的导向结构1100提供的行程长度，以及第二轨道1121提供给阻挡件12的行程长度可根据预设量的流体的雾化的时机设置，本领域技术人员也可通过改变第一轨道1120给运动转换器110上的导向结构1100提供的行程长度，以及第二轨道1121提供给阻挡件12的行程长度，以相应的改变预设量的流体的雾化时机。
在一实施例中，所述第二轨道1121上设置的凹槽1122的深度d与预设量呈正相关，也即，在预设量设置较大的示例中，深度d需对应设置的较大，在预设量设置较小的示例中，深度d需对应设置的较小。鉴于预设量具体设置的体积量与用药剂量的体积量呈正相关，凹槽1122的深度d也可描述为与用药剂量呈正相关。本领域技术人员可根据需求调整凹槽1122的深度d。
在一实施例中，凹槽1122的深度d配置为0.1至1.5mm。优选地，0.4至0.8mm，举例来说，凹槽1122的深度d可配置大约为0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、1.1mm、1.2mm、1.3mm、1.4mm、或1.5mm等。
在一些实施例中，喷雾器还可包括其他部件，其他部件例如计数装置，计数装置用于通 过检测内壳部101相对上壳部100的旋转而计数喷雾器的启动，计数装置还可用于检测容器插入的数量。进一步地，计数装置还可关联锁定元件以防止喷雾器的进一步使用，例如，当已经达到或超过特定数目的启动或操作或释放用药剂量时，阻止内壳部101相对上壳部100的旋转。
综上所述，本申请公开的用于流体的喷雾器通过在喷雾器抽取用药剂量的流体的过程中以输送和雾化预设量的流体，以避免喷雾器给患者/用户带来健康隐患以及错误引导的同时还可确保用药剂量的精准。
本申请另一方面还公开一种输送和雾化流体的方法，所述输送和雾化流体的方法应用于上述用于流体的喷雾器。所述喷雾器可采用如图1至图11及其描述中任一实施例所述的喷雾器。请参阅图12，显示为本申请在一实施例中的输送和雾化流体的方法的流程图，如图所示，所述输送和雾化流体的方法包括步骤S10和步骤S11。
在步骤S10中，将递送机构由初始位置移动至张紧位置，以从容器中抽取用药剂量的流体。
其中，请参阅针对图2至图8的说明，喷雾器利用如图2至图8中任一实施例中所述的结构以执行步骤S10，其具体参阅结构和步骤S10的详细过程可请参阅针对图2至图8的说明，在此不再赘述。
在步骤S10中，在所述初始位置移动至张紧位置的过程中，所述递送机构产生一暂时的回弹运动以雾化预设量的流体。请参阅针对图9至图11并结合图2至图8的说明，喷雾器利用如图2至图11中任一实施例中所述的结构以产生所述回弹运动并雾化预设量的流体，其详细过程可请参阅针对图2至图11的说明，在此不再赘述。
其中，所述用药剂量是指一次用药量，其为可对患者/用户产生药物治疗作用的数量。所述预设量是指根据其用途而预先设计的量，本领域技术人员可根据其实际用途预先设计，通常预设量小于用药剂量。
在一实施例中，所述预设量的设置与用药剂量呈正相关，例如，在用药剂量较大时，预设量也设置较大，在用药剂量较小时，预设量设置较小。具体地，所述预设量可设置为用药剂量的1％至15％，优选地，可设置为用药剂量的3％至8％，举例来说，预设量可设置大约为用药剂量的1％、2％、3％、4％、5％、6％、7％、8％、9％、10％、11％、12％、13％、14％、或15％等。
在一实施例中，所述预设量的设置与其需要清洗部分的面积相关，例如，预设量可设置为需清洗部分的面积的5至10倍，以保证有效清洗。例如，预设量用于清洗喷雾器的递送机 构中的喷嘴，预设量可设置为喷嘴内部面积的5至10倍。
在一实施例中，所述预设量设置在0.15至3微升，优选地，可设置在1至2微升，举例来说，预设量可以设置大约为0.5微升、1微升、1.5微升、2微升、2.5微升、或3微升等。
在一实施例中，所述预设量可用于冲洗(也称之为预清洗)递送机构或递送机构的输送组件或递送机构的喷嘴，使得在雾化用药剂量之前排出或分离沉积物、结晶、污垢或污染物等。当然，预设量也可用于其他用途，本申请在此不作限制。
在一实施例中，所述流体设置为液体，其包含药物成分，所述药物成分被雾化时，形成可被患者/用户呼吸或吸入的气雾剂(也称之为软雾剂、气溶胶、细小颗粒、或细小液滴等)。当然，在另一些实施例中，所述流体可包括颗粒或粉末，流体也可为化妆品液体、混悬液等。
在一实施例中，所述流体的药物成分可包括以下化合物中的至少一种：抗胆碱能药、β受体激动剂、类固醇、磷酸二酯酶-IV-抑制剂、LTD4-拮抗剂、EGFR-激酶抑制剂、抗过敏药、麦角生物碱衍生物、曲普坦类药物、CGRP-拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶-V-抑制剂。
在步骤S11中，将所述递送机构由张紧位置移动至初始位置，以对所述用药剂量的流体进行雾化。
其中，请参阅针对图2至图11的说明，喷雾器利用如图2至图11中任一实施例中所述的结构以执行步骤S11，其具体参阅结构和步骤S10的详细过程可请参阅针对图2至图11的说明，在此不再赘述。
综上所述，本申请公开输送和雾化流体的方法，通过在喷雾器抽取用药剂量的流体的过程中以输送和雾化预设量的流体，以避免喷雾器给患者/用户带来健康隐患以及误引导的同时还可确保用药剂量的精准。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本申请的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本申请。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本申请的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本申请所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本申请的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种用于流体的喷雾器，其特征在于，包括：
    容器，容纳多剂量的所述流体；
    递送机构，用于在所述喷雾器被张紧时，由初始位置移动至张紧位置，以从所述容器中抽取用药剂量的流体，在启动所述喷雾器时，由张紧位置移动至初始位置，以对所述用药剂量的流体进行雾化；
    其中，所述递送机构在从初始位置运动至张紧位置的过程中，通过一暂时的回弹运动以雾化一预设量的流体，所述用药剂量为一次用药量，所述预设量小于所述用药剂量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述喷雾器还包括：
    喷雾器壳体，用于接纳所述容器；
    下壳体，其可打开所述喷雾器以替换或插入所述容器，通过所述下壳体相对所述喷雾器壳体的旋转运动使所述喷雾器被张紧或进入准备状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述递送机构包括：
    运动转换器，用于连接所述容器，并带动所述容器沿轴向移动；
    驱动弹簧，与所述运动转换器相联动，其在释放弹力时驱动所述运动转换器回到所述初始位置；
    传动结构，所述传动结构用于配合所述运动转换器，以将所述喷雾器被张紧时的旋转运动转换为轴向移动，在一个旋转运动期间，所述轴向移动包括第一移动行程和第二移动行程，所述暂时的回弹运动发生在所述第一移动行程切换至第二移动行程之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述一个旋转运动是以喷雾器的轴线为中心的180°旋转运动。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述传动结构包括：
    第一轨道，包括形成于所述喷雾器的喷雾器壳体上的倾斜表面，所述倾斜表面与所述运动转换器接触，以实现所述轴向移动的第一移动行程；
    第二轨道，其形成于所述运动转换器上，在所述运动转换器脱离所述第一轨道后，其与一阻挡件接触，以实现所述轴向移动的第二移动行程。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述阻挡件可转动的设置于所述喷雾器壳体上，在所述旋转运动期间所述阻挡件被推动转动以接触所述第二轨道。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述喷雾器的喷雾器壳体包括上壳部和内壳部，所述内壳部可旋转的被支撑于所述上壳部上，所述内壳部上设置有凸起部以在所述旋转运动期间推动所述阻挡件转动。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述阻挡件还用于通过手动操作被转动以释放所述运动转换器，以允许所述驱动弹簧释放弹力。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述传动结构包括至少两个第一轨道和至少两个第二轨道。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述第二轨道的起始位置设置有一凹槽，在所述运动转换器脱离所述第一轨道时，所述凹槽允许所述驱动弹簧释放部分弹力以驱动所述运动转换器向上移动至被所述阻挡件阻挡，以形成所述回弹运动。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述凹槽的深度与所述预设量或所述用药剂量呈正相关。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述凹槽的深度配置为0.1至1.5mm。
  13. 根据权利要求5所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述运动转换器包括一导向结构，所述导向结构在所述第一轨道上运动，以实现所述轴向移动的第一移动行程。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述预设量用于清洗所述喷雾器的喷嘴。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述预设量在0.15至3微升。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述预设量为用药剂量的1％至15％之间。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述流体包含有药物成分。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的喷雾器，其特征在于，所述药物成分包括以下化合物中的至少一种：抗胆碱能药、β受体激动剂、类固醇、磷酸二酯酶-IV-抑制剂、LTD4-拮抗剂、EGFR-激酶抑制剂、抗过敏药、麦角生物碱衍生物、曲普坦类药物、CGRP-拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶-V-抑制剂。
  19. 一种用于输送和雾化流体的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将递送机构由初始位置移动至张紧位置，以从容器中抽取用药剂量的流体；在所述初始位置移动至张紧位置的过程中，所述递送机构产生一暂时的回弹运动以雾化一预设量的流体；
    将所述递送机构由张紧位置移动至初始位置，以对所述用药剂量的流体进行雾化；
    其中，所述用药剂量为一次用药量，所述预设量小于所述用药剂量。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的用于输送和雾化流体的方法，其特征在于，所述预设量用于清洗喷雾器的喷嘴。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的用于输送和雾化流体的方法，其特征在于，所述预设量在0.15至3微升。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的用于输送和雾化流体的方法，其特征在于，所述预设量为用药剂量的1％至15％之间。
  23. 根据权利要求19所述的用于输送和雾化流体的方法，其特征在于，所述流体包含有药物成分。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的用于输送和雾化流体的方法，其特征在于，所述药物成分包括以下化合物中的至少一种：抗胆碱能药、β受体激动剂、类固醇、磷酸二酯酶-IV-抑制剂、LTD4-拮抗剂、EGFR-激酶抑制剂、抗过敏药、麦角生物碱衍生物、曲普坦类药物、CGRP- 拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶-V-抑制剂。
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