WO2024184707A1 - Localisation de rétrodiffuseur à l'aide d'un autre rétrodiffuseur - Google Patents

Localisation de rétrodiffuseur à l'aide d'un autre rétrodiffuseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024184707A1
WO2024184707A1 PCT/IB2024/050855 IB2024050855W WO2024184707A1 WO 2024184707 A1 WO2024184707 A1 WO 2024184707A1 IB 2024050855 W IB2024050855 W IB 2024050855W WO 2024184707 A1 WO2024184707 A1 WO 2024184707A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
passive tag
tag
location
passive
indication
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2024/050855
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English (en)
Inventor
Benny Vejlgaard
Oana-Elena Barbu
Johannes Harrebek
Simon Svendsen
Nuno Manuel KIILERICH PRATAS
Original Assignee
Nokia Technologies Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Technologies Oy filed Critical Nokia Technologies Oy
Publication of WO2024184707A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024184707A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/75—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
    • G01S13/878—Combination of several spaced transmitters or receivers of known location for determining the position of a transponder or a reflector

Definitions

  • Some example embodiments may generally relate to mobile or wireless telecommunication systems, such as 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5 th generation (5G) radio access technology (RAT), new radio (NR) access technology, 6 th generation (6G), and/or other communications systems.
  • 3GPP 3 rd Generation Partnership Project
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 5G 5 th generation radio access technology
  • NR new radio
  • 6G 6 th generation
  • certain example embodiments may relate to systems and/or methods for determining an initial (i.e., post-deployment) position of a semi-passive device, and dynamically tracking the position of the semi-passive device using ad-hoc infrastructure with a co-located activator and reader.
  • Examples of mobile or wireless telecommunication systems may include radio frequency (RF) 5G RAT, the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), LTE Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), LTE- Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-A Pro, NR access technology, and/or MulteFire Alliance.
  • 5G wireless systems refer to the next generation (NG) of radio systems and network architecture.
  • a 5G system is typically built on a 5G NR, but a 5G (or NG) network may also be built on E- UTRA radio. It is expected that NR can support service categories such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency-communication (URLLC), and massive machine-type communication (mMTC).
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • URLLC ultra-reliable low-latency-communication
  • mMTC massive machine-type communication
  • the next generation radio access network represents the radio access network (RAN) for 5G, which may provide radio access for NR, LTE, and LTE-A.
  • RAN radio access network
  • the nodes in 5G providing radio access functionality to a user equipment may be referred to as next-generation Node B (gNB) when built on NR radio, and may be referred to as next-generation eNB (NG- eNB) when built on E-UTRA radio.
  • gNB next-generation Node B
  • NG- eNB next-generation eNB
  • a method may include transmitting, by a location management function, to a user equipment a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the method may further include transmitting, by the location management function, to the second passive tag a configuration to relay replies from the first passive tag.
  • the method may further include receiving, by the location management function, from the user equipment an indication of a location.
  • an apparatus may include means for transmitting to a user equipment a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the apparatus may further include means for transmitting to the second passive tag a configuration to relay replies from the first passive tag.
  • the apparatus may further include means for receiving from the user equipment an indication of a location.
  • a non-transitory computer readable medium may include program instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least a method.
  • the method may include transmitting to a user equipment a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the method may further include transmitting to the second passive tag a configuration to relay replies from the first passive tag.
  • the method may further include receiving from the user equipment an indication of a location.
  • a computer program product may perform a method.
  • the method may include transmitting to a user equipment a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the method may further include transmitting to the second passive tag a configuration to relay replies from the first passive tag.
  • the method may further include receiving from the user equipment an indication of a location.
  • an apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to transmit to a user equipment a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the at least one memory and instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may further cause the apparatus at least to transmit to the second passive tag a configuration to relay replies from the first passive tag.
  • the at least one memory and instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may further cause the apparatus at least to receive from the user equipment an indication of a location.
  • an apparatus may include transmitting circuitry configured to transmit to a user equipment a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the apparatus may further include transmitting circuitry configured to transmit to the second passive tag a configuration to relay replies from the first passive tag.
  • the apparatus may further include receiving circuitry configured to receive from the user equipment an indication of a location.
  • a method may include receiving, by a user equipment, from a location management function a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the method may further include measuring, by the user equipment, a reply time between the first passive tag and the user equipment.
  • the method may further include measuring, by the user equipment, a measure of time of arrival of a reply from the first passive tag relayed through the second passive tag.
  • the method may further include at least one of transmitting, by the user equipment, to the location management function an indication of a location of the first passive tag or transmitting, by the user equipment, to the first passive tag the location of the first passive tag for storage.
  • an apparatus may include means for receiving from a location management function a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the apparatus may further include means for measuring a reply time between the first passive tag and the user equipment.
  • the apparatus may further include means for measuring a measure of time of arrival of a reply from the first passive tag relayed through the second passive tag.
  • the apparatus may further include means for at least one of transmitting to the location management function an indication of a location of the first passive tag or transmitting to the first passive tag the location of the first passive tag for storage.
  • a non-transitory computer readable medium may include program instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least a method.
  • the method may include receiving from a location management function a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the method may further include measuring a reply time between the first passive tag and the user equipment.
  • the method may further include measuring a measure of time of arrival of a reply from the first passive tag relayed through the second passive tag.
  • the method may further include at least one of transmitting to the location management function an indication of a location of the first passive tag or transmitting to the first passive tag the location of the first passive tag for storage.
  • a computer program product may perform a method.
  • the method may include receiving from a location management function a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the method may further include measuring a reply time between the first passive tag and the user equipment.
  • the method may further include measuring a measure of time of arrival of a reply from the first passive tag relayed through the second passive tag.
  • the method may further include at least one of transmitting to the location management function an indication of a location of the first passive tag or transmitting to the first passive tag the location of the first passive tag for storage.
  • an apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive from a location management function a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the at least one memory and instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may further cause the apparatus at least to measure a reply time between the first passive tag and the user equipment.
  • the at least one memory and instructions, when executed by the at least one processor may further cause the apparatus at least to measure a measure of time of arrival of a reply from the first passive tag relayed through the second passive tag.
  • the at least one memory and instructions, when executed by the at least one processor may further cause the apparatus at least to at least one of transmit to the location management function an indication of a location of the first passive tag or transmit to the first passive tag the location of the first passive tag for storage.
  • an apparatus may include receiving circuitry configured to receive from a location management function a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag.
  • the apparatus may further include measuring circuitry configured to measure a reply time between the first passive tag and the user equipment.
  • the apparatus may further include measuring circuitry configured to measure of time of arrival of a reply from the first passive tag relayed through the second passive tag.
  • the apparatus may further include transmitting circuitry configured to transmit to the location management function an indication of a location of the first passive tag or transmit to the first passive tag the location of the first passive tag for storage.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a localization solution using passive backscatterers as positioning anchors (i.e., tags);
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example of estimating the position of a passive device tag-A using one active device (e.g., user equipment) and one passive device (e.g., tag-B);
  • one active device e.g., user equipment
  • one passive device e.g., tag-B
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a signaling diagram according to certain example embodiments
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example of various network devices according to some example embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a 5G network and system architecture according to certain example embodiments.
  • a passive radio device may include a device that may harness energy from wireless signals transmitted on specific carriers and/or bandwidths, and may charge a simple circuitry that, once activated, may emit/reflect a signal that encodes at least the ID of the passive radio device.
  • system architecture for such a passive radio device may also include an activator device, which may include a device that may send an activation signal configured to wake up the passive radio device, as well as a reader device, which may include a device that listens and detects passive radio signals.
  • the reader device may or may not be collocated with the activator device.
  • 3GPP includes narrowband (NB)-IoT/enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) and NR reduced capability (RedCap) functionalities to satisfy the requirements of low cost and low power devices for wide area loT communication.
  • NB narrowband
  • eMTC enhanced machine type communication
  • RedCap NR reduced capability
  • 3GPP loT technology suitable for deployment in a 3GPP system, may rely on ultralow complexity devices with ultra-low power consumption for the very-low end loT applications. This may address scenarios that cannot otherwise be fulfilled based on existing 3GPP low-power wide-area (LPWA) loT technology (e.g., NB-IoT including with reduced peak Tx power).
  • LPWA 3GPP low-power wide-area
  • 3GPP loT technology may consider device characteristics, such as battery-free devices with no energy storage capabilities, and instead completely dependent on the availability of an external source of energy (e.g., harvesting). In addition, 3GPP loT technology may also consider devices with limited energy storage capabilities that do not need to be replaced or recharged manually. Device categorization based on corresponding characteristics (e.g., energy source, energy storage capability, passive/active transmission, etc.) may also be considered. A 3GPP loT device’s peak power consumption may be limited by its practical form factor for particular loT cases, as well as its energy source.
  • 3GPP loT technologies may also identify suitable deployment scenarios and their characteristics.
  • 3GPP loT technologies may also be based upon indoor/outdoor environments, base station characteristics (e.g., macro/micro/pico cells-based deployments), and connectivity topologies, including which nodes (e.g., base station, UE, relay, repeater, etc.) may communicate with target devices.
  • 3GPP loT technologies may also depend upon time-division duplex (TDD)/frequency-division duplex (FDD), frequency bands in licensed or unlicensed spectrum, any coexistence with UEs and infrastructure in frequency bands for other 3GPP technologies, and any device-originated and/or device-terminated traffic assumptions.
  • TDD time-division duplex
  • FDD frequency-division duplex
  • a set of RAN design targets may be formulated based on the identified deployment scenarios and their characteristics for the relevant use cases, including at least power consumption, complexity, coverage, data rate, and positioning accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an example localization solution using passive backscatterers as positioning anchors (tags) for an uplink (UL) time difference of arrival (TDOA) scenario.
  • Indoor asset tracking may use cellular base stations for asset positioning estimations. Similar to GPS, such an architecture must be scalable to localize many target devices and provide centimeter-level accuracy. In an asset tracking system, certain tracking requirements may also exist for applications such as in machinery and devices in shop floors, bin tracking, product tracking, and person tracking. The required positioning accuracy for mobile objects on a factory floor may be smaller than 50 cm.
  • a typical indoor positioning system may require at least three base stations to perform a trilateration by using methods related to time of arrival, time difference of arrival, angle of arrival, and/or received signal strength (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), received signal strength indicator (RSSI), etc.).
  • RSRP reference signal received power
  • RSSI received signal strength indicator
  • NR localization of an asset UE may require signaling from multiple nodes with a known location of an entity (e.g., UE, gNBs, positioning reference unit (PRU), etc.) in order to determine the UE location (i.e., obtain TDOAs from sufficient number of transmission reception points (TRPs), and apply the localization method of choice).
  • entity e.g., UE, gNBs, positioning reference unit (PRU), etc.
  • TRPs transmission reception points
  • passive inexpensive devices may act as a TRP, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the asset UE may not have connectivity to either a LAN or a public network.
  • one problem in the scenario shown in FIG. 1 relates to the position of each passive device, which is typically unknown to the NR network right after deployment. This may be because such devices are manually installed at physical locations associated with areas which have positioning blind spots.
  • each passive device may change over time.
  • the passive devices may be manually moved around to cover other/new positioning blind spots (e.g., where such blind spots are created when an existing TRP gets obstructed due to temporary blockage). For example, a TRP may be blocked in an indoor factory when large packages are moved around the factory.
  • each passive device may be unretrievable with NR positioning due to the limited range of such devices.
  • a TRP may be less than 100m away from any device in order to detect it, and the device activator may need to be within 10-20 meters to activate it. Since these devices may serve as TRPs, their positions need to be determined after being deployed, and potentially also tracked over time and maintained in a central database connected to the LMF. However, since these devices have extremely limited processing capabilities, they may not be tracked using standard NR methods.
  • Certain example embodiments described herein may have various benefits and/or advantages to overcome the disadvantages described above. For example, certain example embodiments may estimate a post-deployment position of a passive device, and track its position thereafter, in order to ultimately enable the passive tag to be used as an NR positioning TRP. Thus, certain example embodiments discussed below are directed to improvements in computer-related technology.
  • any given passive device may be opportunistically located/tracked using a combination of different NR entity types, such as other passive devices, assets (i.e., UE which have been recently localized themselves), and/or TRPs.
  • NR entity types such as other passive devices, assets (i.e., UE which have been recently localized themselves), and/or TRPs.
  • Such as combination may depend on the availability and number of the NR entities of each type, as well as rank (i.e., how fit the entity is from a positioning point of view, for example, a fixed TRP is has a higher rank than a mobile UE, and the UE itself has a higher rank than a passive device).
  • a passive device tag-A may have been deployed in an indoor scenario (e.g., factory), such as shown in FIG. 2, and may need localization.
  • the indoor space may already be populated with one NR UE with known location and/or at least one other passive device (i.e., tag-B).
  • the location of tag-B i.e., pos-B
  • tag-B may be assumed known (either by the tag-B itself or by the LMF).
  • tag-B may have been localized using multiple UEs with known location.
  • tag-B may be an initialization tag which must be deployed at a fixed and pre-defined location, and registered either in the local memory or manually with the LMF, etc.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a signaling diagram depicting for determining an initial location and dynamically tracking the location of semi-passive devices.
  • LMF 320 may be similar to NE 410
  • tag A 330 and tag B 340 may be similar to tag 430
  • UE 350 may be similar to UE 420, as illustrated in FIG. 4, according to certain example embodiments.
  • FIG. 3 depicts LMF 320, any network entities may trigger this procedure instead of LMF 320.
  • LMF 320 may configure UE 350 to locate tag A 330 using tag B 340, since tag A 330 may be out of readable range by a TRP.
  • LMF 320 may grant UE 350 rights to write the estimated location in tag A 330’s memory.
  • UE 350 may send the estimate to LMF 320.
  • LMF 320 may transmit to UE 350 a configuration as part of an information element (IE), such as LPP Assistance Data, which may indicate that write rights may be given via a novel flag per tag ID (e.g. , tag_ID, write_flag), activation signals for each tag, and/or tag reply signatures.
  • IE information element
  • tag_ID tag_ID
  • write_flag novel flag per tag ID
  • LMF 320 may transmit to UE 350 at least one request as part of an IE, such as LPP RequestLocationlnformation e.g., compute tag-A location using tag-B).
  • LPP RequestLocationlnformation e.g., compute tag-A location using tag-B.
  • LMF 320 may configure tag B 340 to react to tag A 330, and relay its replies.
  • UE 350 may transmit to tag A 330 an activation signal.
  • tag A 330 may transmit to UE 350 and tag B 340, respectively, a reply to the activation by sending a reply-A-1.
  • the distance between UE 350 and tag B 340 dB may also be known. In some example embodiments, this may be mono-static backscatter so UE 350 such that may need FDD capabilities.
  • tag A 330 may have delay + active TX and/or frequency shift capability.
  • tag B 340 may detect the reply-A-1 from tag-A at step 305, and may react to it by relaying it (i.e., sending as in active transmission (reply-B-2) since may need to increase power for adequate link budget compared to first reply-A-2).
  • the tags may be active or semi-active (i.e. , the tags may reply only upon detection of a valid activation signal, for example, by activation by UE 350 and/or activation by another tag, from a subset of selected tags).
  • tag B 340 may transmit to UE 350 a reply-B-2.
  • tag B 340 may embed in its reply-B-2 a positioning integrity indication.
  • This message may contain information about pos-B precision, a time interval for which pos-B may be used, etc.
  • the positioning integrity may be determined by an activator, reader, or a pre-determined network entity (e.g., LMF 320).
  • the positioning integrity check may be performed by LMF 320 and an available PRU/TRP by assessing whether the geometrical distance computed using pos-B and the TRP location matches the time of flight of tag-B’s reply (as observed at the TRP side).
  • UE 350 may measure the time of arrival of reply-B-2 tB2.
  • the arrival time may indicate a sum of distances.
  • UE 350 may locate tag A 330 using measurements of steps 306 and 309.
  • angular information may be required when only 2 nodes are known. Two circles may be drawn from the known nodes, but the angle may be needed to determine one of the two intercept points. This angular information may be determined by a UE of gNB (active node).
  • UE 350 may write the location pos-A in the memory of tag A 330, such as when it has been allowed to do so by the network.
  • UE 350 may report the position to LMF 320 for centralized storage.
  • UE 350 may transmit to LMF 320 at least one report as part of an IE, such as LPP ProvideLocationlnformation (e.g., tag- A location report).
  • an unknown tag may perform a similar procedure by enabling either UE 350 to estimate the path from UE 350 to a known tag, unknown tag, and UE 350 & the path from UE 350 to unknown tag, known tag and UE 350.
  • An alternative path may be chosen based on the passive tag capabilities.
  • UE 350 may estimate its position based on only two known tags.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a system according to certain example embodiments.
  • a system may include multiple devices, such as, for example, NE 410, UE 420, and/or tag 430.
  • NE 410 may be one or more of a base station (e.g. , 3G UMTS NodeB, 4G LTE Evolved NodeB, or 5G NR Next Generation NodeB), a serving gateway, a server, and/or any other access node or combination thereof.
  • a base station e.g. , 3G UMTS NodeB, 4G LTE Evolved NodeB, or 5G NR Next Generation NodeB
  • serving gateway e.g., a serving gateway, a server, and/or any other access node or combination thereof.
  • NE 410 may further include at least one gNB -centralized unit (CU), which may be associated with at least one gNB -distributed unit (DU).
  • the at least one gNB-CU and the at least one gNB-DU may be in communication via at least one Fl interface, at least one X n -C interface, and/or at least one NG interface via a 5 th generation core (5GC).
  • 5GC 5 th generation core
  • UE 420 may include one or more of a mobile device, such as a mobile phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet, or portable media player, digital camera, pocket video camera, video game console, navigation unit, such as a global positioning system (GPS) device, desktop or laptop computer, single-location device, such as a sensor or smart meter, or any combination thereof.
  • a mobile device such as a mobile phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet, or portable media player, digital camera, pocket video camera, video game console, navigation unit, such as a global positioning system (GPS) device, desktop or laptop computer, single-location device, such as a sensor or smart meter, or any combination thereof.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • NE 410 and/or UE 420 may be one or more of a citizens broadband radio service device (CBSD).
  • CBSD citizens broadband radio service device
  • Tag 430 may include one or more of a passive radio device configured to harness energy over a range of frequencies, listen for activation signals, and transmit via reflection (i.e., not active transmission (e.g., amplification)).
  • a passive radio device may not have any energy storage capabilities, and instead may rely only on backscattering when sufficient external energy is available.
  • a semi-passive radio device may include limited energy storage capabilities, thereby lowering the activation threshold for the tag and/or reflecting with lower power loss.
  • An activator radio device may be configured to transmit an activation signal capable of activating a passive radio device.
  • Tag 430 may also include a reader configured to listen and detect passive radio signals, and may or may not be collocated with the activator radio device.
  • NE 410, UE 420, and/or tag 430 may include at least one processor, respectively indicated as 411, 421, and 431.
  • Processors 411, 421, and 431 may be embodied by any computational or data processing device, such as a central processing unit (CPU), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or comparable device.
  • the processors may be implemented as a single controller, or a plurality of controllers or processors.
  • At least one memory may be provided in one or more of the devices, as indicated at 412, 422, and 432.
  • the memory may be fixed or removable.
  • the memory may include computer program instructions or computer code contained therein.
  • Memories 412, 422, and 432 may independently be any suitable storage device, such as a non-transitory computer- readable medium.
  • the term “non-transitory,” as used herein, may correspond to a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., random access memory (RAM) vs. read-only memory (ROM)).
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • a hard disk drive (HDD), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, or other suitable memory may be used.
  • the memories may be combined on a single integrated circuit as the processor, or may be separate from the one or more processors.
  • the computer program instructions stored in the memory, and which may be processed by the processors may be any suitable form of computer program code, for example, a compiled or interpreted computer program written in any suitable programming language.
  • Processors 411 , 421 , and 431 , memories 412, 422, and 432, and any subset thereof, may be configured to provide means corresponding to the various blocks of FIG. 3.
  • the devices may also include positioning hardware, such as GPS or micro electrical mechanical system (MEMS) hardware, which may be used to determine a location of the device.
  • MEMS micro electrical mechanical system
  • Other sensors are also permitted, and may be configured to determine location, elevation, velocity, orientation, and so forth, such as barometers, compasses, and the like.
  • transceivers 413, 423, and 433 may be provided, and one or more devices may also include at least one antenna, respectively illustrated as 414, 424, and 434.
  • the device may have many antennas, such as an array of antennas configured for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communications, or multiple antennas for multiple RATs. Other configurations of these devices, for example, may be provided.
  • Transceivers 413, 423, and 433 may be a transmitter, a receiver, both a transmitter and a receiver, or a unit or device that may be configured both for transmission and reception.
  • Tag 430 may operate processor 431, memory 432, and/or transceiver 433 by harnessing signal energy received from other devices, including those not intended for tag 430.
  • signal energy harnessing may be configured according to Near Field Communication (NFC) Forum Wireless Charging Candidate Technical Specification (WLC), and may operate at 13.56 MHz frequency.
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • WLC Wireless Charging Candidate Technical Specification
  • the memory and the computer program instructions may be configured, with the processor for the particular device, to cause a hardware apparatus, such as UE, to perform any of the processes described above (i.e., FIG. 3). Therefore, in certain example embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may be encoded with computer instructions that, when executed in hardware, perform a process such as one of the processes described herein. Alternatively, certain example embodiments may be performed entirely in hardware.
  • an apparatus may include circuitry configured to perform any of the processes or functions illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • circuitry may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and/or digital circuitry), (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable): (i) a combination of analog and/or digital hardware circuit(s) with software/firmware and (ii) any portions of hardware processor(s) with software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions), and (c) hardware circuit(s) and or processor(s), such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor s), that requires software (e.g.
  • circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware.
  • circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a 5G network and system architecture according to certain example embodiments.
  • the NE and UE illustrated in FIG. 5 may be similar to NE 410, UE 420, and tag 430, respectively.
  • the user plane function may provide services such as intra-RAT and inter- RAT mobility, routing and forwarding of data packets, inspection of packets, user plane quality of service (QoS) processing, buffering of downlink packets, and/or triggering of downlink data notifications.
  • the application function may primarily interface with the core network to facilitate application usage of traffic routing and interact with the policy framework.
  • processors 411, 421, and/or 431, and memories 412, 422, and 432 may be included in or may form a part of processing circuitry or control circuitry.
  • transceivers 413, 423, and 433 may be included in or may form a part of transceiving circuitry.
  • an apparatus may include means for performing a method, a process, or any of the variants discussed herein.
  • the means may include one or more processors, memory, controllers, transmitters, receivers, and/or computer program code for causing the performance of the operations.
  • apparatus 410 may be controlled by memory 412 and processor 411 to transmit to a user equipment a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag; transmit to the second passive tag a configuration to relay replies from the first passive tag; and receive from the user equipment an indication of a location.
  • Certain example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus that includes means for performing any of the methods described herein including, for example, means for transmitting to a user equipment a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag; means for transmitting to the second passive tag a configuration to relay replies from the first passive tag; and means for receiving from the user equipment an indication of a location.
  • apparatus 420 may be controlled by memory 422 and processor 421 to receive from a location management function a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag; measure a reply time between the first passive tag and the user equipment; measure a measure of time of arrival of a reply from the first passive tag relayed through the second passive tag; and at least one of transmit to the location management function an indication of a location of the first passive tag or transmit to the first passive tag the location of the first passive tag for storage.
  • Certain example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus that includes means for performing any of the methods described herein including, for example, means for receiving from a location management function a configuration to locate a first passive tag based upon a second passive tag; means for measuring a reply time between the first passive tag and the user equipment; means for measuring a measure of time of arrival of a reply from the first passive tag relayed through the second passive tag; and means for at least one of transmitting to the location management function an indication of a location of the first passive tag or transmitting to the first passive tag the location of the first passive tag for storage.
  • RAM Random Access Memory [0121] RAN Radio Access Network

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes, des procédés, des appareils et des produits programmes d'ordinateur pour déterminer la position initiale (c'est-à-dire, post-déploiement), et suivre dynamiquement la position de dispositifs semi-passifs à l'aide d'une infrastructure ad hoc avec un activateur et un lecteur co-localisés. Un procédé peut comprendre une transmission LMF à un UE d'une configuration pour localiser une première étiquette passive sur la base d'une seconde étiquette passive, la transmission à la seconde étiquette passive d'une configuration pour relayer des réponses provenant de la première étiquette passive, et la réception en provenance de l'UE d'une indication d'un emplacement.
PCT/IB2024/050855 2023-03-09 2024-01-30 Localisation de rétrodiffuseur à l'aide d'un autre rétrodiffuseur WO2024184707A1 (fr)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060284727A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-21 Psc Scanning, Inc. Method and system with functionality for finding range between an electronic tag reader and tag
US20180246201A1 (en) * 2013-10-09 2018-08-30 Zih Corp. Passive radio frequency identification ranging
WO2022155436A1 (fr) * 2021-01-15 2022-07-21 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Procédé de télémétrie par différence de temps d'arrivée asynchrone pour dispositifs d'écoute passive

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060284727A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-21 Psc Scanning, Inc. Method and system with functionality for finding range between an electronic tag reader and tag
US20180246201A1 (en) * 2013-10-09 2018-08-30 Zih Corp. Passive radio frequency identification ranging
WO2022155436A1 (fr) * 2021-01-15 2022-07-21 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Procédé de télémétrie par différence de temps d'arrivée asynchrone pour dispositifs d'écoute passive

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