WO2024177240A1 - Three-dimensional structure print nozzle using peltier effect, and three-dimensional structure print device comprising same - Google Patents

Three-dimensional structure print nozzle using peltier effect, and three-dimensional structure print device comprising same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024177240A1
WO2024177240A1 PCT/KR2023/019817 KR2023019817W WO2024177240A1 WO 2024177240 A1 WO2024177240 A1 WO 2024177240A1 KR 2023019817 W KR2023019817 W KR 2023019817W WO 2024177240 A1 WO2024177240 A1 WO 2024177240A1
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Prior art keywords
dimensional structure
filament
peltier effect
output nozzle
structure output
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PCT/KR2023/019817
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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박성호
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주식회사 나인랩스
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Publication of WO2024177240A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024177240A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
    • B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/53—Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-dimensional structure output nozzle and a three-dimensional structure output device having the same, and more specifically, to a three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect and a three-dimensional structure output device having the same.
  • 3D printers Devices that output three-dimensional structures are becoming more widespread, and various materials that can be output from three-dimensional structures (so-called 3D printers) are being continuously developed.
  • the molten carbon material may cool down and clog the nozzle, so there is a technical difficulty in continuously maintaining a certain temperature or higher.
  • the present invention which has been conceived in response to the aforementioned needs, aims to provide a three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect that can efficiently transfer heat supplied to a heater section requiring high temperature and control heating and cooling by a Peltier element so that the output nozzle can maintain a constant temperature, and a three-dimensional structure output device equipped with the same.
  • the three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect of the present invention comprises: an input section for spreading out a wound filament and inputting the filament in a linear shape; an output section for ejecting the filament input into the input section to the outside so as to have a predetermined viscosity; and a heater section located at an end of the output section for heating the filament to become a molten state and heating or cooling the filament to maintain a constant temperature even when the filament does not pass through; and the heater section is characterized in that it can perform heating or cooling processing by the Peltier effect to maintain a predetermined temperature.
  • the injection unit is configured to be vertically aligned with the discharge unit, and the heater unit is characterized in that it can apply heat to a filament passing vertically through the discharge unit so as to discharge it in a molten state.
  • the heater section is characterized in that it is formed of a Peltier element processed in a plate shape at the end of the discharge section and capable of heating or cooling heat to the outside.
  • a three-dimensional structure output device comprises: a housing; a plate fixedly installed by the housing; an output nozzle for stacking filaments on an upper portion of the plate to output a three-dimensional structure; a filament supply unit for providing a corresponding filament to the output nozzle; and a power supply unit for supplying electrical energy to the output nozzle; wherein the output nozzle is characterized in that it is an output nozzle of one of claims 1 to 3 selected from the above.
  • the reliability of the filament can be maintained at a constant level by providing a cooling effect through the Peltier element to prevent the temperature of the output nozzle from overheating.
  • Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the concept of a three-dimensional structure output device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary photograph of one side of a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exemplary photograph of another side of a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a drawing exemplarily modeling a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 5 is an enlarged drawing of the Peltier element portion in the output circuit illustrated in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a drawing exemplarily showing the input section, the discharge section, and the heater section of the output nozzle illustrated in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a drawing illustrating an example of an output nozzle installed in an upper housing of a three-dimensional structure output device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a drawing exemplarily illustrating a three-dimensional structure output device having a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the concept of a three-dimensional structure output device of the present invention.
  • the three-dimensional structure output device of the present invention is composed of a filament supply unit, an output nozzle, a lamination unit, and a power supply unit, and the output nozzle is composed of an input unit, an ejection unit, and a heater unit.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are actual product photographs of one side of a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are drawings exemplarily modeling a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a drawing exemplarily illustrating an output nozzle including an inlet section, an outlet section, and a heater section.
  • a three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect of the present invention can be configured to include an inlet section, a discharge section, and a heater section.
  • the input section is a section that unfolds the wound filament and inputs it in a linear shape.
  • the filament of the present invention is a material made of a carbon composite material, and for example, if it is a material containing carbon, the scope is not limited.
  • filament In order to produce high-quality products using a 3D printer, it is necessary to maintain a constant layering speed, and as a prerequisite for this, filament must be fed at a constant speed and in a constant amount. Normally, filament material is wound on a spool and then fed, so it is necessary to form it into a straight linear shape before feeding it.
  • the discharge section refers to the section that discharges the filaments fed into the above-mentioned inlet section to the outside for lamination.
  • the above discharge unit can be configured to be vertically aligned with the above input unit, and maintains a viscosity within a preset range so that the filament discharged for lamination can have a flowability suitable for 3D printing.
  • the filament material can be stably discharged without clogging or breaking by maintaining a certain range of viscosity inside the output nozzle.
  • the heater section is located at the end of the discharge section and functions to heat the filament that enters through the inlet section before it is discharged through the discharge section, thereby causing it to become molten.
  • the heater section can apply heat to the filament passing vertically through the discharge section so that it can be discharged in a molten state.
  • the heating element heats or cools the discharge element to maintain a constant temperature even when the filament does not pass through.
  • the heater section can maintain a predetermined temperature by performing heating or cooling processing through the Peltier effect.
  • the Peltier effect refers to the release and absorption of heat that occurs when electric current flows across a junction between two different materials.
  • the Peltier effect is reversible, because if heat is generated when the current flows in one direction, heat is absorbed when the current flows in the opposite direction.
  • the heater portion is formed of a Peltier element processed in a plate shape at the end of the discharge portion and capable of heating or cooling heat to the outside.
  • a Peltier element is a device that causes the Peltier effect, and can refer to a thermoelectric device.
  • a thermoelectric device utilizes heat absorption or heating by the Peltier effect, which occurs as a result of the interaction between heat and electricity.
  • the temperature range that affects the viscosity and properties of the filament which can determine the quality of 3D printing, can be precisely controlled.
  • the present invention is equipped with a heater section using a Peltier element.
  • FIG. 7 is a drawing illustrating an example of an output nozzle installed in an upper housing of a three-dimensional structure output device according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating an example of a three-dimensional structure output device equipped with a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a three-dimensional structure output device includes a housing, a plate fixedly installed by the housing, an output nozzle that outputs a three-dimensional structure by stacking a filament on the upper portion of the plate, a filament supply unit that supplies the filament to the output nozzle, and a power supply unit that supplies electrical energy to the output nozzle.
  • the housing stably fixes the main part of the present invention so that the output is not affected by vibrations occurring during the lamination process of the output.
  • the present invention has designed a housing that supports the weight of a head with an increased volume without interfering with the movement of the head.
  • the plate or laminate is a space where the molten carbon composite material is laminated and must be maintained at a constant temperature to enable precise lamination.
  • the output nozzle is designed to prevent clogging or excessive flow inside the nozzle by heating the heating part with a Peltier element applied to maintain a constant temperature.
  • the filament supply section is a section that supplies filament wound on a filament spool to the output nozzle, and can be designed so that the filament can be supplied at a constant speed without becoming tangled.
  • the power supply unit supplies power to the heater unit and uses the Peltier effect, in which heat is generated and absorbed simultaneously on both sides according to the direction of current flow, to maintain a constant temperature inside the nozzle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

A three-dimensional structure print nozzle using the Peltier effect is disclosed. The three-dimensional structure print nozzle using the Peltier effect of the present invention comprises: an insertion unit which unrolls a wound filament and into which the filament is inserted in a linear shape; an ejection unit for ejecting, to the outside, the filament inserted into the insertion unit, so as to impart a predetermined viscosity thereto; and a heater unit which is positioned at the end portion of the ejection unit such that the corresponding filament is heated to be melted, and which heats up or cools down so as to maintain a constant temperature even if the corresponding filament does not pass therethrough, wherein the heater unit performs heating or cooling by means of the Peltier effect so that a predetermined temperature can be maintained.

Description

펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐 및 이를 구비한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치Three-dimensional structure output nozzle using the Peltier effect and three-dimensional structure output device equipped with the same
본 발명은 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐 및 이를 구비한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐 및 이를 구비한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a three-dimensional structure output nozzle and a three-dimensional structure output device having the same, and more specifically, to a three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect and a three-dimensional structure output device having the same.
삼차원 구조체를 출력하는 장치가 대중적으로 보급되고, 삼차원 구조체(이른바, 3D 프린터)에서 출력할 수 있는 다양한 소재들이 속속 개발되고 있다. Devices that output three-dimensional structures are becoming more widespread, and various materials that can be output from three-dimensional structures (so-called 3D printers) are being continuously developed.
특히 종래의 금속 소재나 탄소 복합재 3D 프린터는 Z축 강도가 약한 것이 가장 큰 단점이므로 이를 극복하기 위해 DED(Direct Energy Deposition) 방식의 3D 프린팅 기술이 연구되고 있다. In particular, the biggest drawback of conventional metal material or carbon composite 3D printers is their weak Z-axis strength, so 3D printing technology using the DED (Direct Energy Deposition) method is being studied to overcome this.
그런데 탄소 소재와 같이 고온에서 녹는 소재를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치를 개발함에 있어서, 그러한 소재의 열적 특성으로 인하여 고온까지 온도를 높여야 하고 이를 출력 중에는 일정하게 유지시켜야 하는 기술적 어려움에 직면하고 있다.However, in developing a three-dimensional structure output device using a material that melts at high temperatures, such as carbon materials, there is a technical difficulty in that the temperature must be increased to a high temperature due to the thermal characteristics of such materials and must be maintained at a constant level during output.
특히 탄소 소재의 용융점은 수천 도에 이르기 때문에 이러한 탄소 소재를 이용하여 3차원 구조체를 출력하기 위해서는 출력 노즐에서 다른 3D 프린터보다 효율적인 열관리가 필요하다. In particular, since the melting point of carbon materials reaches several thousand degrees, printing three-dimensional structures using such carbon materials requires more efficient heat management at the print nozzle than other 3D printers.
만약 출력 노즐의 온도가 낮아지게 되면 용융된 탄소 소재가 식어서 노즐이 막힐 수도 있으므로, 일정한 온도 이상을 지속적으로 유지시켜 주어야 하는 기술적 어려움이 있다. If the temperature of the output nozzle is lowered, the molten carbon material may cool down and clog the nozzle, so there is a technical difficulty in continuously maintaining a certain temperature or higher.
또한, 높은 온도까지 높이거나 이를 일정하게 유지하기 위해서는 에너지 소모가 늘어나게 되므로 전력 소모량이 증가하는 문제점도 지적되고 있다.In addition, there is also a problem that power consumption increases because energy consumption increases in order to raise the temperature to a high level or maintain it at a constant level.
따라서 고온 상태를 안정적으로 일정하게 유지할 수 있기 위해서는 기존의 출력 노즐과는 다른 새로운 방식의 가열 및 유지 방식을 개발해야 할 필요성이 절실히 요구되고 있다.Therefore, in order to maintain a stable and constant high temperature state, there is an urgent need to develop a new heating and maintenance method that is different from the existing output nozzle.
상술한 필요성에 의해서 안출된 본 발명은 고온이 요구되는 히터부에 공급하는 열을 효율성있게 전달할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 출력 노즐이 일정한 온도를 유지하기 위해서 가열과 냉각을 펠티어 소자에 의해서 조절하는 펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐 및 이를 구비한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The present invention, which has been conceived in response to the aforementioned needs, aims to provide a three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect that can efficiently transfer heat supplied to a heater section requiring high temperature and control heating and cooling by a Peltier element so that the output nozzle can maintain a constant temperature, and a three-dimensional structure output device equipped with the same.
상기 과제를 달성하기 위해 본 발명의 펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐은 감겨진 필라멘트를 펼쳐서 선형 형상으로 필라멘트를 투입하는 투입부; 상기 투입부에 투입되는 상기 필라멘트를 기 결정된 점도를 갖도록 외부로 토출하는 토출부; 및 상기 토출부의 종단부에 위치하여 상기 필라멘트를 가열하여 용융 상태가 되도록 하고, 상기 필라멘트가 통과하지 않는 경우에도 일정한 온도를 유지하도록 가열하거나 냉각하는 히터부;를 포함하고, 상기 히터부는 펠티어 효과에 의해서 가열 또는 냉각 처리를 수행하여 기 결정된 온도를 유지할 수 있는 것이 특징이다.In order to achieve the above object, the three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect of the present invention comprises: an input section for spreading out a wound filament and inputting the filament in a linear shape; an output section for ejecting the filament input into the input section to the outside so as to have a predetermined viscosity; and a heater section located at an end of the output section for heating the filament to become a molten state and heating or cooling the filament to maintain a constant temperature even when the filament does not pass through; and the heater section is characterized in that it can perform heating or cooling processing by the Peltier effect to maintain a predetermined temperature.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따르면, 상기 투입부는 상기 토출부와 수직 정렬되도록 구성되고, 상기 히터부는 상기 토출부를 수직으로 통과하는 필라멘트에 열을 가하여 용융상태로 토출되도록 열을 가할 수 있는 것을 특징으로 한다.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the injection unit is configured to be vertically aligned with the discharge unit, and the heater unit is characterized in that it can apply heat to a filament passing vertically through the discharge unit so as to discharge it in a molten state.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따르면, 상기 히터부는 상기 토출부의 종단부에 판 형태로 가공되어 열을 외부로 가열하거나 냉각할 수 있는 펠티어 소자로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heater section is characterized in that it is formed of a Peltier element processed in a plate shape at the end of the discharge section and capable of heating or cooling heat to the outside.
본 발명의 또 다른 실시 예에 따른 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치는 하우징; 상기 하우징에 의해서 고정 설치되는 플레이트; 상기 플레이트 상부에서 필라멘트를 적층시켜서 삼차원 구조체를 출력하는 출력 노줄; 상기 출력 노즐에 해당 필라멘트를 제공하는 필라멘트 공급부; 및 상기 출력 노즐에 전기적 에너지를 공급하는 전원부;를 포함하는 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치이며, 상기 출력 노즐은 제1항 내지 제3항 중에서 선택되는 한 항의 출력 노즐인 것을 특징으로 한다.According to another embodiment of the present invention, a three-dimensional structure output device comprises: a housing; a plate fixedly installed by the housing; an output nozzle for stacking filaments on an upper portion of the plate to output a three-dimensional structure; a filament supply unit for providing a corresponding filament to the output nozzle; and a power supply unit for supplying electrical energy to the output nozzle; wherein the output nozzle is characterized in that it is an output nozzle of one of claims 1 to 3 selected from the above.
본 발명의 다양한 실시 예에 따르면 펠티어 소자를 이용하여 가열과 냉각 효과를 정밀하게 제어함으로서 목표 온도까지 가열하기 위한 전력 소모량을 효율적으로 통제할 수 있게 된다.According to various embodiments of the present invention, by precisely controlling the heating and cooling effects using a Peltier element, it is possible to efficiently control the power consumption for heating to a target temperature.
또한, 출력 노즐의 온도가 과열되지 않도록 펠티어 소자에 의해서 냉각 효과를 제공함으로써 필라멘트의 신뢰성을 일정하게 유지할 수 있게 된다.In addition, the reliability of the filament can be maintained at a constant level by providing a cooling effect through the Peltier element to prevent the temperature of the output nozzle from overheating.
도 1은 본 발명의 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치의 개념을 설명하기 위한 개념도이다.Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the concept of a three-dimensional structure output device of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 다른 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐의 일 측면에대한 예시적인 사진이다.FIG. 2 is an exemplary photograph of one side of a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 다른 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐의 타 측면에대한 예시적인 사진이다.FIG. 3 is an exemplary photograph of another side of a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐을 예시적으로 모델링한 도면이다.FIG. 4 is a drawing exemplarily modeling a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to one embodiment of the present invention.
도 5는 도 4에 도시된 출력 노줄에서 펠티어 소자 부분을 확대하여 도시한 도면이다.Figure 5 is an enlarged drawing of the Peltier element portion in the output circuit illustrated in Figure 4.
도 6은 도 4에 도시된 출력 노즐에 투입부, 토출부 및 히터부를 예시적으로 도시한 도면이다.Figure 6 is a drawing exemplarily showing the input section, the discharge section, and the heater section of the output nozzle illustrated in Figure 4.
도 7은 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치의 상부 하우징에 출력 노즐이 설치된 일 예를 도시한 도면이다.FIG. 7 is a drawing illustrating an example of an output nozzle installed in an upper housing of a three-dimensional structure output device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 8은 본 발명의 다른 실시 예에 따른 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐을 구비한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치를 예시적으로 도시한 도면이다.FIG. 8 is a drawing exemplarily illustrating a three-dimensional structure output device having a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
본 명세서에서 사용되는 용어는 단지 예시적인 실시예들을 설명하기 위해 사용된 것으로, 본 발명을 한정하려는 의도는 아니다. 단수의 표현은 문맥상 명백하게 다르게 뜻하지 않는 한, 복수의 표현을 포함한다. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
본 명세서에서, "포함하다", "구비하다" 또는 "가지다" 등의 용어는 실시된 특징, 단계, 구성 요소 또는 이들을 조합한 것이 존재함을 지정하려는 것이지, 하나 또는 그 이상의 다른 특징들이나 단계, 구성 요소, 또는 이들을 조합한 것들의 존재 또는 부가 가능성을 미리 배제하지 않는 것으로 이해되어야 한다.In this specification, it should be understood that the terms “comprise,” “include,” or “have” are intended to specify the presence of a feature, step, component, or combination thereof, but do not exclude in advance the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, components, or combinations thereof.
본 발명은 아래 실시예에 의하여 보다 더 잘 이해될 수 있으며, 아래 실시예는 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 발명을 용이 하게 실시할 수 있을 정도로 상세하게 설명하기 위한 것이지, 이로 인해 본 발명의 기술적인 사상 및 범주가 한정되는 것을 의미하지는 않는다.The present invention may be better understood by the following examples, which are intended to explain in detail enough to enable those skilled in the art to easily carry out the invention, but do not mean that the technical idea and scope of the present invention are limited thereby.
이하에서 실시예 및 도면을 중심으로 본 발명을 구체적으로 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples and drawings.
도 1은 본 발명의 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치의 개념을 설명하기 위한 개념도이다.Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the concept of a three-dimensional structure output device of the present invention.
본 발명의 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치는 필라멘트 공급부, 출력 노즐, 적층부, 전원부로 구성되어 있으며, 출력 노즐은 투입부, 토출부, 히터부를 포함하여 구성된다. The three-dimensional structure output device of the present invention is composed of a filament supply unit, an output nozzle, a lamination unit, and a power supply unit, and the output nozzle is composed of an input unit, an ejection unit, and a heater unit.
본 발명의 핵심 기술적 사상인 출력 노즐에 대해 먼저 살펴보기로 한다. Let us first look at the output nozzle, which is the core technical idea of the present invention.
도 2 내지 도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐의 일 측면에 대한 실제 제품 사진이며, 도 4 내지 도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐을 예시적으로 모델링한 도면이다.FIGS. 2 and 3 are actual product photographs of one side of a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are drawings exemplarily modeling a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 6은 투입부, 토출부 및 히터부를 포함하는 출력 노즐을 예시적으로 도시한 도면이다.Figure 6 is a drawing exemplarily illustrating an output nozzle including an inlet section, an outlet section, and a heater section.
도 2 내지 도 6을 종합하여 본 발명을 설명하면 다음과 같다.The present invention is explained as follows by summarizing Figures 2 to 6.
본 발명의 펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐은 투입부, 토출부 및 히터부를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다. A three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect of the present invention can be configured to include an inlet section, a discharge section, and a heater section.
먼저 투입부에 대해 설명하기로 한다. First, let me explain the input part.
투입부는 감겨진 필라멘트를 펼쳐서 선형 형상으로 투입하는 부분이다. 본 발명의 필라멘트는 탄소 복합소재로 이루어진 소재로서, 예를 들면 카본을 함유하는 소재라면 그 범위를 제한하지 않는다.The input section is a section that unfolds the wound filament and inputs it in a linear shape. The filament of the present invention is a material made of a carbon composite material, and for example, if it is a material containing carbon, the scope is not limited.
3D 프린터로 고품질의 제품을 생산하기 위해서는 일정한 적층 속도를 유지하는 것이 필요하며, 이를 위한 전제 조건으로 필라멘트가 일정한 속도 및 일정한 양으로 투입되어야 하는 바, 통상적으로 필라멘트 소재는 스풀에 감겨 있다가 공급되기 때문에 투입 전에 이를 직선의 선형 형상으로 만든 다음 투입할 필요가 있다. In order to produce high-quality products using a 3D printer, it is necessary to maintain a constant layering speed, and as a prerequisite for this, filament must be fed at a constant speed and in a constant amount. Normally, filament material is wound on a spool and then fed, so it is necessary to form it into a straight linear shape before feeding it.
한편, 투입부의 구조를 변형함으로써 선형 필라멘트 대신 펠릿 형상이나 봉형 필라멘트의 소재 투입도 가능하므로 필라멘트의 형상은 따로 제한하지 않는다.Meanwhile, since it is possible to input materials in the shape of pellets or rods instead of linear filaments by modifying the structure of the input section, there is no particular restriction on the shape of the filament.
다음으로 토출부에 대해 설명하기로 한다. Next, I will explain the discharge part.
토출부는 상기 투입부에 투입된 필라멘트를 적층을 위해 외부로 토출하는 부분을 말한다.The discharge section refers to the section that discharges the filaments fed into the above-mentioned inlet section to the outside for lamination.
상기 토출부는 상기 투입부와 수직 정렬되도록 구성될 수 있으며, 적층을 위해 토출되는 필라멘트가 3D 프린팅에 적합한 흐름성을 가질 수 있도록 기 설정된 일정 범위의 점도를 유지하도록 한다. The above discharge unit can be configured to be vertically aligned with the above input unit, and maintains a viscosity within a preset range so that the filament discharged for lamination can have a flowability suitable for 3D printing.
또한, 상기 필라멘트 소재가 출력 노즐의 내부에서 일정 범위의 점도를 유지함으로써 막힘이나 끊어짐 없이 안정적으로 토출될 수 있게 된다. In addition, the filament material can be stably discharged without clogging or breaking by maintaining a certain range of viscosity inside the output nozzle.
다음으로 히터부에 대해 설명하기로 한다.Next, I will explain the heater section.
히터부는 토출부의 종단부에 위치하여 투입부를 통해 들어온 필라멘트가 토출부를 통해 배출되기 전에 열을 가함으로써 용융 상태가 되도록 만드는 기능을 한다.The heater section is located at the end of the discharge section and functions to heat the filament that enters through the inlet section before it is discharged through the discharge section, thereby causing it to become molten.
다시 말하면, 히터부는 상기 토출부를 수직으로 통과하는 필라멘트에 열을 가하여 용융 상태인 채로 토출될 수 있도록 열을 가할 수 있다.In other words, the heater section can apply heat to the filament passing vertically through the discharge section so that it can be discharged in a molten state.
또한, 히팅부는 필라멘트가 통과하지 않는 경우에도 토출부가 일정한 온도를 유지하도록 가열하거나 냉각하도록 한다.Additionally, the heating element heats or cools the discharge element to maintain a constant temperature even when the filament does not pass through.
한편, 히터부는 펠티어 효과(Peltier effect)에 의해서 가열 또는 냉각 처리를 수행하여 기 결정된 온도를 유지할 수 있다.Meanwhile, the heater section can maintain a predetermined temperature by performing heating or cooling processing through the Peltier effect.
펠티어 효과는 두 가지의 다른 물질들 간의 접합을 거쳐 전류가 흐를 때 일어나는 열의 방출과 흡수를 의미한다. 전류가 어떤 한 방향으로 흐를 때 열이 발생된다면 전류가 그 반대방향으로 흐르면 열을 흡수하기 때문에 펠티에 효과는 가역적이다.The Peltier effect refers to the release and absorption of heat that occurs when electric current flows across a junction between two different materials. The Peltier effect is reversible, because if heat is generated when the current flows in one direction, heat is absorbed when the current flows in the opposite direction.
본 발명의 일 실시예에서 히터부는 상기 토출부의 종단부에 판 형태로 가공되어 열을 외부로 가열하거나 냉각할 수 있는 펠티어 소자로 이루어진다. In one embodiment of the present invention, the heater portion is formed of a Peltier element processed in a plate shape at the end of the discharge portion and capable of heating or cooling heat to the outside.
펠티어 소자는 펠티어 효과를 유발하는 소자로, 열전 소자를 의미할 수 있다. 열전 소자는 열과 전기의 상호 작용으로 나타나는 펠티어 효과에 의한 흡열 또는 발열을 이용한 것이다.A Peltier element is a device that causes the Peltier effect, and can refer to a thermoelectric device. A thermoelectric device utilizes heat absorption or heating by the Peltier effect, which occurs as a result of the interaction between heat and electricity.
이처럼 펠티어 소자를 이용하여 가열과 냉각을 정밀하게 제어함으로써 3D 프린팅의 품질을 좌우할 수 있는 필라멘트의 점도 및 물성에 영향을 미치는 온도 범위를 정밀하게 제어할 수 있다.By precisely controlling heating and cooling using a Peltier element in this way, the temperature range that affects the viscosity and properties of the filament, which can determine the quality of 3D printing, can be precisely controlled.
특히, 탄소 복합 소재와 같이 높은 온도의 영역에서 용융시킬 필요가 있는 소재를 사용하는 경우에는 자칫 과열 등으로 인해 프린터 장치에서 화재가 발생할 수 있으므로, 출력 노즐 내 온도의 빠르면서도 정밀한 제어는 필수적으로 요구되며, 이러한 빠른 정밀제어를 위해 본 발명은 펠티어 소자를 이용한 히터부를 구비하였다.In particular, when using a material that needs to be melted in a high temperature range, such as a carbon composite material, a fire may occur in the printer device due to overheating, etc., so rapid and precise control of the temperature within the output nozzle is essential. For such rapid and precise control, the present invention is equipped with a heater section using a Peltier element.
도 7은 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치의 상부 하우징에 출력 노즐이 설치된 일 예를 도시한 도면이고, 도 8은 본 발명의 다른 실시 예에 따른 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐을 구비한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치를 예시적으로 도시한 도면이다.FIG. 7 is a drawing illustrating an example of an output nozzle installed in an upper housing of a three-dimensional structure output device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating an example of a three-dimensional structure output device equipped with a three-dimensional structure output nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 7 내지 도 8에 따르면, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치는 하우징과 상기 하우징에 의해서 고정 설치되는 플레이트, 상기 플레이트 상부에서 필라멘트를 적층시켜서 삼차원 구조체를 출력하는 출력 노즐, 상기 출력 노즐에 상기 필라멘트를 제공하는 필라멘트 공급부 및 상기 출력 노즐에 전기적 에너지를 공급하는 전원부를 포함한다.According to FIGS. 7 and 8, a three-dimensional structure output device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a housing, a plate fixedly installed by the housing, an output nozzle that outputs a three-dimensional structure by stacking a filament on the upper portion of the plate, a filament supply unit that supplies the filament to the output nozzle, and a power supply unit that supplies electrical energy to the output nozzle.
먼저 하우징에 대해 설명하면, 상기 하우징은 본 발명의 주요 부분을 안정적으로 고정함으로써 출력물의 적층 과정에서 발생하는 진동 등에 의해 출력물이 영향을 받지 않도록 한다. First, regarding the housing, the housing stably fixes the main part of the present invention so that the output is not affected by vibrations occurring during the lamination process of the output.
특히 일반적인 3D 프린터의 단점인 Z축 강도의 약화로 인해 특수 열원이 적용된 헤드(head) 개발이 필요하며, 이에 따라 하우징 설계가 매우 중요해졌다.In particular, due to the weakening of the Z-axis strength, which is a shortcoming of general 3D printers, the development of a head with a special heat source applied is required, and accordingly, the housing design has become very important.
그 이유는 종래의 하우징 설계 방식으로는 펠티어 소자가 부착되어 부피가 증대된 헤드의 동작에 간섭이 발생하며 이로 인해 헤드의 고속 이동이 어렵게 된다.This is because, with the conventional housing design method, the Peltier element is attached, which causes interference with the movement of the head with an increased volume, making it difficult to move the head at high speed.
따라서 본 발명은 부피가 커진 헤드의 무게를 뒷받침 하면서도 헤드의 움직임을 간섭하지 않도록 하우징이 설계되었다.Accordingly, the present invention has designed a housing that supports the weight of a head with an increased volume without interfering with the movement of the head.
다음으로 플레이트 또는 적층부는 용융된 탄소 복합소재가 적층되는 공간으로 정밀한 적층이 가능하도록 일정한 온도가 유지되어야 한다. Next, the plate or laminate is a space where the molten carbon composite material is laminated and must be maintained at a constant temperature to enable precise lamination.
출력 노즐은 앞서 설명한 바와 같이 펠티어 소자가 적용된 히팅부가 가열하여 일정 온도를 유지하게 됨으로썬 노즐 내부에서 막힘 현상이나 지나치게 흐름 현상이 발생하지 않도록 설계되었다.As previously explained, the output nozzle is designed to prevent clogging or excessive flow inside the nozzle by heating the heating part with a Peltier element applied to maintain a constant temperature.
필라멘트 공급부는 필라멘트 스풀에 감긴 채로 있던 필라멘트를 출력 노즐에 공급하는 부분으로 필라멘트가 엉키지 않고 일정 속도로 공급될 수 있도록 설계될 수 있다.The filament supply section is a section that supplies filament wound on a filament spool to the output nozzle, and can be designed so that the filament can be supplied at a constant speed without becoming tangled.
전원부는 히터부에 전력을 공급하는 부분으로 펠티어 소자로 하여금 전류의 흐름 방향에 따라 양면으로 발열 및 흡열이 동시에 이루어지는 펠티어 효과를 이용하여 노즐 내부의 온도를 일정하게 유지하도록 한다.The power supply unit supplies power to the heater unit and uses the Peltier effect, in which heat is generated and absorbed simultaneously on both sides according to the direction of current flow, to maintain a constant temperature inside the nozzle.
앞에서 설명되고 도면에 도시된 출력 노즐 및 장치는 본 발명을 실시하기 위한 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 한정하는 것으로 해석되어서는 안된다. The output nozzle and device described above and illustrated in the drawings are merely one embodiment for carrying out the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the technical idea of the present invention.
즉, 본 발명의 보호범위는 이하의 특허청구범위에 기재된 사항에 의해서만 정하여지며, 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 개량 및 변경된 실시예는 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 자명한 것인 한 본 발명의 보호범위에 속한다고 할 것이다.That is, the scope of protection of the present invention is determined only by the matters described in the following patent claims, and embodiments that are improved and modified without departing from the gist of the present invention are considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention as long as they are obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

Claims (6)

  1. 펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐에 있어서,In a three-dimensional structure output nozzle using the Peltier effect,
    감겨진 필라멘트를 펼쳐서 선형 형상으로 필라멘트를 투입하는 투입부;An input section that unfolds the wound filament and inputs the filament in a linear shape;
    상기 투입부에 투입되는 필라멘트를 기 결정된 점도를 갖도록 외부로 토출하The filament fed into the above-mentioned inlet is discharged to the outside so as to have a predetermined viscosity.
    는 토출부; 및is the discharge part; and
    상기 토출부의 종단부에 위치하여 상기 필라멘트를 가열하여 용융 상태가 되도록 하고, 상기 필라멘트가 통과하지 않는 경우에도 일정한 온도를 유지하도록 가열하거나 냉각하는 히터부;를 포함하고,A heater section is provided at the end of the discharge section to heat the filament to make it molten, and to heat or cool the filament to maintain a constant temperature even when the filament does not pass through;
    상기 히터부는 펠티어 효과에 의해서 가열 또는 냉각 처리를 수행하여 기 결정된 온도를 유지하는 것을 특징으로 하는The above heater part is characterized in that it performs heating or cooling process by the Peltier effect to maintain a predetermined temperature.
    펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐.Three-dimensional structure output nozzle using the Peltier effect.
  2. 제1항에 있어서,In the first paragraph,
    상기 투입부는 상기 토출부와 수직 정렬되도록 구성되고, The above inlet portion is configured to be vertically aligned with the discharge portion,
    상기 히터부는 상기 토출부를 수직으로 통과하는 필라멘트에 열을 가하여 용융상태로 토출되도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는The above heater part is characterized in that it applies heat to the filament passing vertically through the discharge part so that it is discharged in a molten state.
    펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐.Three-dimensional structure output nozzle using the Peltier effect.
  3. 제1항에 있어서,In the first paragraph,
    상기 히터부는 상기 토출부의 종단부에 판 형태로 가공되서 열을 외부로 가열하거나 냉각할 수 있는 펠티어 소자로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는The above heater part is characterized by being formed of a Peltier element that is processed in a plate shape at the end of the discharge part and can heat or cool heat to the outside.
    펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐.Three-dimensional structure output nozzle using the Peltier effect.
  4. 하우징;housing;
    상기 하우징에 의해 고정 설치되는 플레이트; 및a plate fixedly installed by the above housing; and
    상기 플레이트 상부에 필라멘트를 적층시킴으로써 삼차원 구조체를 출력할 수 있는 출력 노즐을 포함하고,It includes an output nozzle capable of outputting a three-dimensional structure by stacking a filament on the upper part of the above plate,
    상기 출력 노즐은 제1항 내지 제3항 중에서 선택되는 어느 한 항의 출력 노즐인 것을 특징으로 하는The above output nozzle is characterized in that it is an output nozzle selected from any one of claims 1 to 3.
    펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐을 구비한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치.A three-dimensional structure output device having a three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect.
  5. 제4항에 있어서,In paragraph 4,
    상기 필라멘트는 히터부에 의해 열이 가해져 용융상태로 토출되는 것을 특징으로 하는The above filament is characterized in that it is ejected in a molten state by being heated by a heater unit.
    펠티어 효과를 이용한 출력 노즐을 구비한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치.A three-dimensional structure output device equipped with an output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect.
  6. 제5항에 있어서,In paragraph 5,
    상기 히터부는 토출부의 종단부에 판 형태로 가공되서 열을 외부로 가열하거나 냉각할 수 있는 펠티어 소자로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는The above heater part is characterized by being made of a Peltier element processed in a plate shape at the end of the discharge part and capable of heating or cooling heat to the outside.
    펠티어 효과를 이용한 삼차원 구조체 출력 노즐을 구비한 삼차원 구조체 출력 장치.A three-dimensional structure output device having a three-dimensional structure output nozzle utilizing the Peltier effect.
PCT/KR2023/019817 2023-02-26 2023-12-04 Three-dimensional structure print nozzle using peltier effect, and three-dimensional structure print device comprising same WO2024177240A1 (en)

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KR10-2023-0025484 2023-02-26

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190001463A (en) * 2017-06-27 2019-01-04 주식회사 티엘비즈 3D printing apparatus for processing complex material
WO2020132209A1 (en) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Jabil Inc. Apparatus, system and method for temperature maintenance of a filament melt in an additive manufacturing print head
KR102217023B1 (en) * 2020-05-19 2021-02-18 주식회사 메디팹 3D printer using peltier element and heater
JP2021506636A (en) * 2017-12-21 2021-02-22 ボンド ハイ パフォーマンス スリーディー テクノロジー ベーフェーＢｏｎｄ Ｈｉｇｈ Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ ３Ｄ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｂ．Ｖ． Replacement of feedstock liquefier in additional manufacturing
KR20210049867A (en) * 2018-08-30 2021-05-06 술저 매니지멘트 에이지 3D printing system for manufacturing 3D objects

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190001463A (en) * 2017-06-27 2019-01-04 주식회사 티엘비즈 3D printing apparatus for processing complex material
JP2021506636A (en) * 2017-12-21 2021-02-22 ボンド ハイ パフォーマンス スリーディー テクノロジー ベーフェーＢｏｎｄ Ｈｉｇｈ Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ ３Ｄ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｂ．Ｖ． Replacement of feedstock liquefier in additional manufacturing
KR20210049867A (en) * 2018-08-30 2021-05-06 술저 매니지멘트 에이지 3D printing system for manufacturing 3D objects
WO2020132209A1 (en) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Jabil Inc. Apparatus, system and method for temperature maintenance of a filament melt in an additive manufacturing print head
KR102217023B1 (en) * 2020-05-19 2021-02-18 주식회사 메디팹 3D printer using peltier element and heater

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