Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
  • A01G31/008—Control or regulation thereof
  • A01G31/011—Control of the pH, composition, temperature or viscosity of the fluid
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
  • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
  • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G7/00—Botany in general
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G7/00—Botany in general
  • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
  • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
  • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
  • A01G31/024—Hydroponic cultivation wherein the roots are totally immersed in the nutritive solution, e.g. cultivation on floating rafts or deep-water culture
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
  • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
  • A01G31/065—Special apparatus therefor with means for recycling the nutritive solution

Definitions

• This disclosure relates to a method for cultivating fruit vegetables, tomatoes, culture fluid for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetables, and a hydroponic cultivation device for fruit vegetables.
• Hydroponic cultivation is known as a method for cultivating fruit vegetables such as tomatoes.
• a culture solution containing sodium chloride or the like e.g., seawater
• Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-357638 discloses that a culture solution prepared by diluting seawater having a nitrate nitrogen content of 0.27 mg/L or more, a silicic acid content of 3.2 mg/L or more, a coliform bacteria count of less than 1.8 MPN/100 mL, and a general bacterial count of less than 1/mL or less is used for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes.
• Japanese Patent No. 6535421 discloses the use of seawater as a culture medium for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes.
• the problem that one embodiment of the present disclosure aims to solve is to provide a method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants that can achieve a high yield even when the plant contains salts such as sodium chloride, a culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes and fruit and vegetable plants, and an apparatus for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants.
• Means for solving the above problems include the following aspects.
• a method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants comprising cultivating the fruit and vegetable plants by a hydroponic method using a culture solution having a Si content of 60 ppm by mass or more.
• the culture solution contains a silicate.
• the culture solution contains sodium chloride.
• ⁇ 5> The method for cultivating fruit vegetable plants according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4> above, wherein the cultivation of the fruit vegetable plants by hydroponic methods is carried out at least after planting of fruit vegetable plant seedlings.
• ⁇ 6> The method for cultivating a fruit or vegetable plant according to ⁇ 5> above, comprising irradiating the fruit or vegetable plant seedling with artificial light having a light intensity of 200 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s to 800 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s.
• ⁇ 7> The method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant according to ⁇ 6> above, wherein the artificial light is applied from at least one of a side surface and an upper surface of the fruit vegetable plant.
• ⁇ 8> The method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 7> above, wherein the fruit vegetable plant is a tomato or a melon.
• ⁇ 9> The method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8> above, wherein the fruit vegetable plant is a tomato, and the tomato has a Si content of 20 ppm by mass or more relative to the dry mass of the tomato.
• ⁇ 10> A tomato having a Si content of 20 ppm by mass or more and a Brix sugar content of 5.0% by mass or more relative to the dry mass of the tomato.
• a culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants comprising sodium chloride and a silicate, and having a Si content of 60 ppm by mass or more.
• a fruit vegetable hydroponic cultivation device comprising a culture solution tank containing the culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants according to ⁇ 11> or ⁇ 12> above.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus used in a seedling raising process.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the fruit vegetable plant hydroponic cultivation device of the present disclosure.
• the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments.
• the components including element steps, etc.
• the numerical ranges indicated using “to” include the numerical values before and after "to" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively.
• the upper or lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit value of another numerical range described in stages.
• the upper or lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with a value shown in the examples.
• biomass and “weight” are synonymous.
• step refers not only to an independent step, but also to a step that cannot be clearly distinguished from other steps, as long as the intended purpose of the step is achieved.
• fruit vegetable plant means a plant that produces a fruit.
• culture solution refers to a solution in which nutritional components (e.g., inorganic substances, organic substances) necessary for plant growth are dissolved in water or the like.
• fruit and vegetable plants are cultivated by a hydroponic method using a culture solution having a Si content of 60 mass ppm or more (hereinafter also referred to as a "specific culture solution"). Cultivation using the specific culture solution is preferably carried out in a cultivation step after a seedling raising step, and may be started either before or after the seedling-raised fruit and vegetable plants are planted, and is preferably started after the fruit and vegetable plants are planted.
• the inventors have found that, although the reason is unclear, by setting the Si content of the culture solution used in the hydroponic method to 60 ppm by mass or more, a high yield can be achieved even when the solution contains salts such as sodium chloride.
• the dilution ratio of the culture solution disclosed in JP 2004-357638 A is not disclosed, if seawater is diluted to a general dilution ratio of 10 times, the Si content is about 0.089 mass ppm, making it difficult to improve the yield.
• the culture solution disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6535421 A is seawater, but the Si content is about 0.89 mass ppm, making it difficult to improve the yield.
• the hydroponic method is not particularly limited, but examples include flooded liquid hydroponic method, thin film hydroponic method, spray hydroponic method, and drip hydroponic method in which liquid fertilizer is dripped onto the roots or root supports.
• the culture solution can be adjusted to the desired fertilizer composition by appropriately selecting and mixing single fertilizers.
• the fertilizer composition of the culture solution can be adjusted using a mixing program such as "Best Blend" provided by the NPO Japan Hydroponic Culture Research Association.
• the composition of the culture solution can be adjusted to have the desired component content by properly mixing single fertilizers.
• the components in the culture solution can be quantified using ion chromatography or high-frequency inductively coupled plasma (ICP) method.
• Fertilizer components of liquid fertilizers include sodium nitrate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.
• Liquid fertilizers may be simple fertilizers containing a single fertilizer component as the main component, compound fertilizers containing two or more of the components nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), or compound fertilizers containing a combination of multiple solid fertilizers.
• the required amount of Si component can also be added to the compound fertilizer as appropriate.
• the fruit vegetable plants are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include solanaceae plants such as tomato, eggplant, and bell pepper, cucurbitaceae plants such as melon, cucumber, pumpkin, and zucchini, legumes such as kidney bean, pea, and broad bean, roses such as strawberry, mallows such as okra, and grasses such as corn.
• solanaceae plants or cucurbitaceae plants are suitable for the cultivation method of the present disclosure, and tomatoes or melons are more suitable.
• Tomatoes include midi tomatoes, cherry tomatoes, fruit tomatoes, etc.
• Melons include netted melons such as green fleshed varieties and red fleshed varieties, and non-netted melons.
• the lower limit of the Si content in the specific culture solution may be 70 ppm by mass or more, or 80 ppm by mass or more.
• the upper limit of the Si content in the specific culture solution is preferably 300 ppm by mass or less, more preferably 200 ppm by mass or less, and even more preferably 100 ppm by mass or less.
• the Si content in the culture solution means the Si content relative to the total mass of the culture solution.
• the Si content in the culture solution is measured by ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer).
• the Si content of the culture solution can be adjusted, for example, by adding sodium silicate or the like to the culture solution.
• the specific culture solution preferably contains a silicate.
• silicate from the viewpoint of improving the yield, sodium silicate is preferable.
• the content of sodium silicate relative to the total mass of the specific culture solution is not particularly limited as long as the Si content is 60 mass ppm or more. If the pH becomes higher than the preferred range as a result of adding the target amount of sodium silicate, it is preferable to adjust the pH using dilute hydrochloric acid or the like.
• the specific culture solution contains sodium chloride. From the viewpoint of increasing the sugar content, it is preferable that the specific culture solution contains sodium chloride. From the viewpoint of increasing the sugar content, it is preferable to add sodium chloride to the culture solution in an amount such that the electrical conductivity of the specific culture solution becomes 4.0 ds/m or more, it is more preferable to add sodium chloride to the culture solution in an amount such that the electrical conductivity of the specific culture solution becomes 4.5 ds/m or more, and it is even more preferable to add sodium chloride to the culture solution in an amount such that the electrical conductivity of the specific culture solution becomes 6.0 ds/m or more.
• the upper limit of the electrical conductivity of the specific culture solution is preferably 20.0 ds/m or less, more preferably 10.0 ds/m or less, and even more preferably 8.0 ds/m or less.
• the electrical conductivity of the culture solution is measured in the culture solution at 25° C. using an electrical conductivity meter (e.g., HI98131 manufactured by Hannai Instruments).
• the dissolved oxygen concentration of the specific culture solution is preferably 3.5 mg/l or more, more preferably 4.5 mg/l or more, and even more preferably 6.0 mg/l or more.
• there is no particular upper limit for the dissolved oxygen concentration of the specific culture solution and the higher the better, the more preferable it is, and it is preferable to set it to the saturated concentration at the temperature of the culture solution to be used.
• the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration of distilled water at 27°C under 1 atmosphere is 7.87 mg/l.
• the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture medium is measured in the culture medium at 27° C. by using an oxygen concentration monitor (e.g., Seven2GoPro manufactured by Mettler Toledo).
• the oxygen concentration monitor can be used by being placed in a culture medium tank that contains a culture medium.
• the dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture solution can be adjusted by using an oxygen supply mechanism, adjusting the circulation rate of the culture solution, or the like.
• the pH of the specific culture medium is preferably 3.5 to 8.0, and more preferably 4.5 to 7.0.
• the pH of the culture solution is measured in the nutrient solution at 27° C. using a pH monitor (for example, HI98131 manufactured by Hanna Instruments).
• the pH of the culture medium can be adjusted, for example, by adding hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, or the like to the culture medium.
• Cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants by hydroponic method using a specific culture solution may be carried out either before or after planting of the fruit and vegetable seedlings, or before and after planting of the fruit and vegetable seedlings, from the viewpoint of improving yield and increasing sugar content, and is preferably carried out at least after planting of the fruit and vegetable seedlings.
• the cultivation process will be described later.
• cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants by hydroponic method using a specific culture solution is preferably carried out after planting of the fruit and vegetable seedlings and after flowering of the second fruit bunch stage, from the viewpoint of increasing sugar content.
• a culture solution other than the specific culture solution i.e., a culture solution having a Si content of less than 60 ppm by mass
• a culture solution having a Si content of less than 30 ppm by mass it is more preferable to use a culture solution having a Si content of less than 30 ppm by mass, and it is even more preferable to use a culture solution having a Si content of less than 3 ppm by mass.
• the method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant according to the present disclosure can include a cultivation step, in which a fruit vegetable plant seedling is planted and cultivated. From the standpoint of improving yield and achieving high sugar content, it is preferable that in the cultivation process, the fruit vegetable plants are cultivated by a hydroponic method using a specific culture solution at least after flowering of the second fruit cluster stage.
• the temperature conditions can be adjusted by irradiating the fruit vegetable seedlings with artificial light.
• the temperature conditions can be adjusted to two or more types of light temperature and dark temperature.
• the upper limit of the photoperiod temperature is preferably 29°C or lower, more preferably 28.5°C or lower, and even more preferably 28°C or lower.
• the lower limit of the light period temperature is preferably 15°C or higher, more preferably 20°C or higher, and even more preferably 25°C or higher.
• the upper limit of the dark period temperature is preferably 25°C or lower, more preferably 23°C or lower, and even more preferably 22°C or lower.
• the lower limit of the dark period temperature is preferably 10°C or higher, more preferably 13°C or higher, and even more preferably 15°C or higher.
• the light and dark temperatures are measured by placing a thermometer 1 cm away from the fruit vegetable plants.
• a thermometer for example, a temperature and humidity sensor THA-3151 manufactured by T&D Co., Ltd. can be used.
• the term “light period” refers to a period during which the fruit vegetable plants are irradiated with a light source.
• the term “dark period” refers to a period during which the fruit vegetable plants are not irradiated with a light source.
• the method for controlling the light and dark temperatures is not particularly limited and can be performed by a conventionally known method.
• the light and dark temperatures can be controlled by monitoring the light and dark temperatures in the seedling environment with the above-mentioned thermometer and blowing hot or cold air as necessary.
• the ratio of light period to dark period is preferably 0.3 to 3, and more preferably 0.5 to 2.
• the light source of the artificial light is not particularly limited, and examples include semiconductor light sources such as LEDs (light-emitting diodes) and discharge lamps such as fluorescent lamps.
• LEDs In the cultivation method for fruit and vegetable plants according to the present disclosure, it is preferable to use LEDs.
• the type of LED used may be one type, or two or more types may be used.
• the LED may be one that emits visible light such as red, blue, and yellow, or one that emits invisible light such as ultraviolet light (wavelength 380 nm or less) or infrared light (wavelength 780 nm or more); however, from the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis in the first tomato plant, one that emits light in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm is preferred.
• the relative humidity during the cultivation process is preferably controlled to 50% to 80%, and more preferably 55% to 77%.
• the relative humidity is measured by placing a hygrometer 1 cm away from the fruit and vegetable plants.
• a temperature and humidity sensor THA-3151 manufactured by T&D Co., Ltd. can be used.
• the method for controlling humidity is not particularly limited and can be performed by a conventionally known method.
• humidity conditions can be controlled by monitoring the humidity of the seedling environment with the above-mentioned hygrometer and, if necessary, by using an air conditioner having a humidifying function and a dehumidifying function.
• the light intensity of the artificial light irradiated to the fruit vegetable seedlings in the cultivation process is preferably 200 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s to 800 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s, and more preferably 250 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s to 600 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s.
• the light intensity is measured by placing a measuring device with the light receiving surface facing the light source at a position 1 cm away from the fruit vegetable plant.
• a photon sensor LI-COR, LI-190R
• the sum of the light intensities measured by placing the measuring device facing each light source is defined as the light intensity.
• the light intensity can be controlled by changing the type and number of light sources used (LEDs, fluorescent lights, etc.), changing the distance between the light source and the fruit vegetable plants, or using a dimmable light source.
• a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for fruit and vegetable plants shown in Fig. 2 can be used. The details of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for fruit and vegetable plants will be described later.
• Artificial light may be irradiated from above or from the side of the fruit vegetable seedlings, but from the standpoint of cultivation efficiency, space utilization efficiency, etc., it is preferable to irradiate the fruit vegetable seedlings with artificial light from the side. Artificial light may also be irradiated from both the side and top directions.
• the carbon dioxide concentration in the environment during the cultivation process is preferably 300 ppm to 2000 ppm, and more preferably 400 ppm to 1500 ppm.
• the carbon dioxide concentration is measured by placing a carbon dioxide concentration meter 1 cm away from the fruit vegetable plants.
• the carbon dioxide concentration meter for example, LI-850 manufactured by LI-COR Corporation can be used.
• the method for controlling the carbon dioxide concentration is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by a conventionally known method.
• the carbon dioxide concentration in the environment can be monitored by the carbon dioxide concentration meter, and an air conditioner or the like can be used as necessary.
• the period of the cultivation step is not particularly limited, but is preferably 70 to 300 days, more preferably 80 to 200 days, even more preferably 80 to 150 days, and particularly preferably 90 to 120 days.
• the cultivation process depending on the EC value, pH, etc. of the nutrient solution, it is preferable to replace the nutrient solution or add liquid fertilizer as necessary.
• the method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant according to the present disclosure may include a seedling raising step, in which the germinated fruit vegetable plant is grown into a fruit vegetable plant seedling. From the viewpoint of cultivation efficiency, it is preferable to raise seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants by the hydroponic method, and it is more preferable to raise seedlings by the flooded liquid hydroponic method.
• a culture solution other than the specific culture solution i.e., a culture solution having a Si content of less than 60 ppm by mass
• a culture solution having a Si content of less than 30 ppm by mass it is more preferable to use a culture solution having a Si content of less than 30 ppm by mass, and it is even more preferable to use a culture solution having a Si content of less than 3 ppm by mass.
• the light period and the dark period can be switched by irradiating the germinating fruit vegetable plants with artificial light, and it is preferable to adjust the temperature conditions in the light period and the dark period.
• the temperature conditions can be adjusted to two or more types of temperature conditions, that is, the light period temperature and the dark period temperature.
• the upper limit of the photoperiod temperature is preferably 29°C or lower, more preferably 28.5°C or lower, and even more preferably 28°C or lower.
• the lower limit of the photoperiod temperature is preferably 15°C or higher, more preferably 20°C or higher, and even more preferably 25°C or higher.
• the upper limit of the dark period temperature is preferably 25°C or lower, more preferably 23°C or lower, and even more preferably 22°C or lower.
• the lower limit of the dark period temperature is preferably 10°C or higher, more preferably 13°C or higher, and even more preferably 15°C or higher.
• the light source, wavelength, etc. of the artificial light can be those described in the cultivation process.
• the ratio of light period to dark period is preferably 0.3 to 3, and more preferably 0.5 to 2.
• the relative humidity during the seedling raising process is preferably controlled to 50% to 80%, and more preferably to 55% to 77%.
• the light intensity of the artificial light irradiated to the germinated fruit vegetable plants in the seedling raising process is preferably 200 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s to 800 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s, and more preferably 250 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s to 600 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s.
• Artificial light may be applied to the fruit vegetable plants after germination from above or from the side, but from the viewpoints of cultivation efficiency, space utilization efficiency, etc., it is preferable to apply artificial light from above. Artificial light may also be irradiated from both the side and top directions.
• the carbon dioxide concentration in the environment during the seedling raising process is preferably 300 ppm to 2000 ppm, and more preferably 400 ppm to 1500 ppm.
• the period of the seedling raising process is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoints of growth after planting and shortening the time until buds appear, it is preferably 5 to 40 days, more preferably 10 to 35 days, even more preferably 12 to 30 days, and particularly preferably 15 to 33 days.
• it is preferable to replace the nutrient solution or add liquid fertilizer as necessary.
• a fruit vegetable plant hydroponic cultivation device 10 can include a support 12 for supporting a fruit vegetable plant seedling 11, a panel 14 having holes 13 for fixing the support 12, and a culture solution tank 16 for containing a culture solution 15.
• the fruit vegetable hydroponic cultivation device 10 may be provided with a circulation mechanism 17 that supplies the culture solution 15 to the culture solution tank 16 and discharges the culture solution 15 from the culture solution tank 16.
• the circulation mechanism 17 may also include a circulation tank 18 in which the culture solution 15 is contained, a supply nozzle 19 that supplies the culture solution 15 from the circulation tank 18 to the culture solution tank 16, a discharge nozzle 20 that discharges the culture solution 15 from the culture solution tank 16 to the circulation tank 18, and a pump P1.
• the fruit vegetable hydroponic cultivation device 10 may include an oxygen supply mechanism 21 in the culture solution tank 16 .
• the fruit vegetable plant hydroponic cultivation device 10 may further include an artificial light irradiation device 22.
• Fig. 1 shows an artificial light irradiation device that irradiates artificial light from above and from the side of the fruit vegetable plant seedlings 11, the present invention is not limited thereto.
• the method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant according to the present disclosure can include a germination step, in which seeds of the fruit vegetable plant to be used in the seedling raising step are germinated.
• the germination method is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventionally known method, for example, by sowing the seeds of the fruit vegetable plant on the support sufficiently moistened with water and storing it in a dark place.
• the temperature for the germination process varies depending on the type and variety of the fruit vegetable plant used, but for commercially available seeds, this is generally disclosed as the germination temperature. If the germination temperature is unknown, it is also possible to confirm it experimentally. Also, depending on the type and variety of the fruit vegetable plant used, some require treatment such as breaking dormancy in order to germinate. Some require light of a specific wavelength during the germination process, some require darkness, and some will germinate in either case. These can also be found in the same way as the germination temperature.
• the relative humidity during the germination process is preferably 70% to 100%, and more preferably 80% to 95%. By keeping the humidity within this range, the plant body can be prevented from drying out during the germination stage, and growth can be improved.
• the period required for the germination process is not fixed, but is preferably the period from root formation to the start of hypocotyl elongation, and is generally from several days to one week. By allocating this period to the germination process, the roots can grow sufficiently and excessive hypocotyl elongation can be avoided, so that the seedlings grow well in the subsequent seedling raising process and the period until flowering can be shortened, which is preferable.
• the fruit vegetable plant is a tomato.
• the Si content relative to the dry mass of the tomato harvested by the method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant of the present disclosure is preferably 20 ppm by mass or more, more preferably 25 ppm by mass or more, and even more preferably 28 ppm by mass or more.
• the Si content relative to the dry mass of a tomato is measured by crushing and drying the target tomato fruit and subjecting it to X-ray fluorescence analysis as a sample.
• the tomato according to the present disclosure has a Si content of 20 ppm by mass or more relative to the dry mass of the tomato, and a Brix sugar content of 5.0% by mass or more.
• the tomato according to the present disclosure can be cultivated by the above-mentioned cultivation method for fruit vegetable plants according to the present disclosure.
• a culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants and a hydroponic cultivation device for fruit vegetable plants, which will be described later, may be used.
• the Si content relative to the dry mass of tomatoes is preferably high, from the viewpoint of increasing the added value of tomatoes, more preferably 25 ppm by mass or more, and even more preferably 28 ppm by mass or more.
• Brix sugar content of tomatoes is preferably 5.0% by mass or more, more preferably 5.5% by mass or more, even more preferably 6.0% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 7.0% by mass or more.
• the Brix sugar content of a tomato is measured by cutting the tomato in half along any plane in the longitudinal direction (i.e., the direction perpendicular to the equatorial plane), crushing one half into a liquid, and using the resulting liquid to measure the sugar content using a sugar content meter (Atago Sugar Content Meter).
• the lycopene content of tomatoes is preferably 10 mg/100 g or more, more preferably 12 mg/100 g or more, and even more preferably 15 mg/100 g or more.
• the lycopene content of tomatoes is measured using a high performance liquid chromatograph with an absolute calibration curve method.
• the culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants according to the present disclosure contains sodium chloride and silicate, and has a Si content of 60 mass ppm or more. Details of the Si content are as described above. The description in is omitted.
• the culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants according to the present disclosure can be used in the above-mentioned cultivation method for fruit vegetable plants according to the present disclosure.
• the preferred aspects of the culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetables are the same as the preferred aspects of the specific culture solution, so they will not be described here.
• the hydroponic cultivation device for fruit vegetables includes a culture solution tank that contains a culture solution (specific culture solution) for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetables.
• the fruit vegetable plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present disclosure may be equipped with an artificial light irradiation device.
• the hydroponic cultivation device using the specific culture solution can be, for example, the hydroponic cultivation device shown in Fig. 2.
• Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation device for fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure. An embodiment of a fruit vegetable plant hydroponic cultivation device according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG.
• the fruit vegetable hydroponic cultivation device 30 shown in FIG. 2 is a cultivation device including an LED lighting device 32 which is an artificial light irradiation device, a drip-type hydroponic cultivation mechanism 40, and a temperature and humidity control mechanism (not shown).
• the LED lighting devices 32 are equipped with LED light sources, and five of them are arranged on each side of the plant body 34 at intervals of 20 cm along a direction parallel to the direction of gravity (i.e., a total of 10 on both sides). This allows light to be irradiated onto the plant body 34 from the side of the plant body.
• the drip hydroponic cultivation mechanism 40 includes a culture solution tank 42 , a culture solution storage tank 46 , and drip piping 50 .
• the culture solution tank 42 contains a culture solution for soaking the roots of the plant body 34, and the contained culture solution is sucked up from the roots to the plant body.
• One end of a discharge pipe 44 for discharging the contained culture solution is connected to the culture solution tank 42.
• a panel (not shown) having a hole for fixing a support 52 is attached to the culture solution tank 42, and the plant body 34 is supported by the support 52 fixed to the hole.
• a urethane support which is an example of a support, is provided.
• the urethane support may be a remaining urethane support used during sowing.
• the culture solution storage tank 46 includes a supply pipe 48 and stores the culture solution to be supplied to the culture solution tank 42.
• the other end of the discharge pipe 44 connected to the culture solution tank 42 is disposed above the liquid level of the culture solution in the culture solution storage tank 46, so that the culture solution is returned to the culture solution storage tank 46 from the other end of the discharge pipe 44 in accordance with the supply of the culture solution from the supply pipe 48.
• the supply pipe 48 is provided with a drive pump P, and by driving the drive pump P, the culture medium stored in the culture medium storage tank 46 can be supplied to the outside.
• the drip piping 50 is provided with a drip device at its tip and is connected to one end of the supply piping 48.
• a circulatory system is constructed by connecting a culture solution tank 42, a culture solution storage tank 46, and drip piping 50, and the culture solution is circulated and can be used.
• a temperature and humidity control mechanism for example, a thermometer and hygrometer (which may be a thermometer and a hygrometer) that can measure temperature and humidity, and heating and cooling equipment and a humidifier that input signals of the measured temperature and humidity to adjust the temperature and humidity can be used.
• a sodium silicate solution and dilute hydrochloric acid were added to the single fertilizer to prepare culture solution A for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants with a pH of 5.
• a sodium silicate solution and dilute hydrochloric acid were added to the single fertilizer to prepare culture solution B for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants with a pH of 5.
• a sodium silicate aqueous solution, sodium chloride and dilute hydrochloric acid were added to the single fertilizer to prepare culture solution C for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants with a pH of 5.
• a sodium silicate aqueous solution, sodium chloride and dilute hydrochloric acid were added to the single fertilizer to prepare a culture solution D for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants having a pH of 5.
• Dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the single fertilizer to prepare culture solution N for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants with a pH of 5.
• a sodium silicate aqueous solution, sodium chloride and dilute hydrochloric acid were added to the single fertilizer to prepare a culture solution P for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants with a pH of 5.
• Sodium chloride and dilute hydrochloric acid were added to the single fertilizer to prepare a culture solution Q for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants with a pH of 5.
• Sodium chloride and dilute hydrochloric acid were added to the single fertilizer to prepare culture solution R for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants with a pH of 5.
• the composition of the culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of each fruit vegetable plant is summarized in Table 1.
• Example 1 Tomato seeds (variety: Momotaro York (registered trademark), manufactured by Takii Seed Co., Ltd.) were sown on support A (5 cm x 5 cm x 2 cm polyurethane foam) sufficiently saturated with pure water, and stored in a dark environment at a temperature of 28°C and a relative humidity of 70% for 3 days to allow germination and obtain tomato plants.
• the tomato plants obtained in the above-mentioned germination process were transplanted into a hydroponic cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 1, which is equipped with an artificial light irradiation device and a culture solution tank containing culture solution N for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants, and were grown for 20 days by the flooded liquid hydroponic method.
• the fruit vegetable plant hydroponic cultivation device shown in FIG. 2 is a cultivation device including five light sources on each side (i.e., 10 on each side) arranged at intervals of 20 cm on both sides of the plant body in the direction of gravity, a drip-type hydroponic cultivation mechanism, and a temperature and humidity control mechanism. During the cultivation period, the top was pinched, the fruit was thinned, and the harvest was performed according to the method described in paragraph 0058 of WO 2022/102328.
• Light source Ryoden Corporation, plant growth LED 4-color type, PGL-200DWBF26D
• Light intensity 500 ⁇ mol/m 2 s
• Light composition Compliant with the light emission behavior of the above LEDs
• Light/dark cycle (light/dark): 16 hours/8 hours
• Temperature 27°C (light), 19°C (dark)
• Relative humidity 60%
• Carbon dioxide concentration 1,000 ppm ⁇ Culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants:
• a Fertilization method Drip-type hydroponics
• Example 2 Fruit vegetable plants were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the culture solution A for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants used in the cultivation was changed to the culture solution B for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants.
• Example 3 Cultivation was started under the following condition 2, and when flowering at the second inflorescence stage was confirmed, the culture solution N for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants was changed to culture solution C for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants, and the fruit vegetable plants were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1.
• ⁇ Light/dark cycle 16 hours (light)/8 hours (dark)
• ⁇ Light intensity 500 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s
• ⁇ Temperature 27°C (bright) / 19°C (dark)
• Relative humidity 70% ⁇ CO2 concentration: 1,000ppm ⁇ Culture solution for hydroponic cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants: N
• Example 4 Fruit vegetable plants were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the culture solution C for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants used in the cultivation was changed to the culture solution D for hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetable plants.

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• 2024
  • 2024-02-22 WO PCT/JP2024/006528 patent/WO2024177140A1/ja not_active Ceased
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• 2025
  • 2025-08-21 US US19/305,784 patent/US20250386782A1/en active Pending
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