WO2024176994A1 - 水素キャリア製造システム、制御装置及び水素キャリア製造方法 - Google Patents
水素キャリア製造システム、制御装置及び水素キャリア製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024176994A1 WO2024176994A1 PCT/JP2024/005686 JP2024005686W WO2024176994A1 WO 2024176994 A1 WO2024176994 A1 WO 2024176994A1 JP 2024005686 W JP2024005686 W JP 2024005686W WO 2024176994 A1 WO2024176994 A1 WO 2024176994A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
- C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation
- C07C5/10—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of aromatic six-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/04—Manufacturing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrogen carrier production system, a control device, and a hydrogen carrier production method.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a solar power generation system equipped with a hydrogen production means for storing solar energy.
- the solar power generation system disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a hydrogen production means for producing hydrogen using direct current obtained by a solar power generation device, and a hydrogen storage means for converting the hydrogen obtained by the hydrogen production means into saturated hydrocarbons and storing the hydrogen.
- one aspect of the present invention aims to produce multiple types of hydrogen carriers in parallel.
- a hydrogen carrier production system includes a hydrogen production device that produces hydrogen using electricity, a hydrogen tank that stores the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device, and a plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices that convert the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank into different types of hydrogen carriers.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hydrogen supply chain.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a hydrogen carrier production system.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a computer.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the control device.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the setting method.
- FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating an example of a power market price profile.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a control method.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an operating state determination process.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an operating state determination process.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hydrogen supply chain.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a hydrogen carrier production system.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an operating state determination process.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an operating state determination process.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an operating state determination process.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a hydrogen gas generation system in a modified example.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a control device in the first modification.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a control device in the second modification.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a hydrogen carrier production system that produces a hydrogen carrier.
- a hydrogen carrier is a substance that changes gaseous hydrogen (hydrogen gas) into a liquid or other state that can be efficiently stored and transported.
- the hydrogen carrier production system in this embodiment produces hydrogen gas by electrolyzing water, and produces a hydrogen carrier by changing the hydrogen gas into a liquid.
- hydrogen gaseous hydrogen
- Hydrophilic carriers include, for example, methylcyclohexane (MCH), ammonia (NH3), and liquid hydrogen (LH2).
- MCH methylcyclohexane
- NH3 ammonia
- LH2 liquid hydrogen
- Methylcyclohexane can be obtained by reacting toluene with hydrogen.
- Ammonia can be obtained by reacting hydrogen with nitrogen.
- Liquid hydrogen is made by liquefying hydrogen by cooling it below its boiling point (-253°C).
- Hydrogen carriers can be used either by being reconverted into hydrogen through a chemical reaction such as dehydrogenation, or as is (as hydrogen carriers). Toluene obtained by dehydrogenating methylcyclohexane can be transported to the site of hydrogen carrier production and reused in the production of new methylcyclohexane. Ammonia can be used as a raw material for fertilizers, chemical products, etc. Ammonia itself can also be used as fuel. Liquid hydrogen can be used as fuel for rockets, etc.
- hydrogen is produced using electricity derived from renewable energy. Also, in the hydrogen carrier production system of this embodiment, hydrogen is converted into hydrogen carriers using electricity derived from renewable energy. Therefore, the hydrogen carriers produced by the hydrogen carrier production system of this embodiment can be used as clean energy with reduced carbon dioxide emissions throughout the cycle from production to use.
- the hydrogen supply chain in this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1.
- the hydrogen supply chain is a series of steps from production, transportation, and consumption of hydrogen.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a hydrogen supply chain in the case where methylcyclohexane and ammonia are produced in parallel as hydrogen carriers.
- the hydrogen supply chain in this embodiment includes a production site R1 and a consumption site R2. At least one of hydrogen or hydrogen carriers (hereinafter abbreviated as "hydrogen, etc.") is produced at the production site R1. At the consumption site R2, hydrogen, etc. is consumed.
- the production site R1 and the consumption site R2 may be in different countries, or different regions in the same country. There may be multiple production sites R1 and multiple consumption sites R2.
- the transportation route of the hydrogen carrier connecting the production site R1 and the consumption site R2 may be only a land route, or may include a sea route or an air route.
- a hydrogen carrier production system 1 At production site R1, a hydrogen carrier production system 1, an MCH tank 31-1, an ammonia tank 32-1, and a toluene tank 35-1 are installed.
- the MCH tank 31-1 stores methylcyclohexane (an example of a first hydrogen carrier) produced by the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the ammonia tank 32-1 stores ammonia (an example of a second hydrogen carrier) produced by the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the toluene tank 35-1 stores toluene used in the production of methylcyclohexane.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 is connected to a power transmission grid G.
- Solar power plants S and wind power plants W which supply electricity derived from renewable energy, are connected to the power transmission grid G.
- Thermal power plants and nuclear power plants which supply electricity derived from energies other than renewable energy, may also be connected to the power transmission grid G.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 receives electricity derived from renewable energy from the solar power plant S or wind power plant W via the power transmission grid G.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 produces methylcyclohexane and ammonia using electricity supplied from the power grid G.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 includes a hydrogen production device 10, an MCH production device 21 (an example of a first hydrogen carrier production device), and an ammonia production device 22 (an example of a second hydrogen carrier production device).
- the hydrogen production device 10 produces hydrogen using electricity supplied from the power grid G.
- the MCH production unit 21 reacts the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit 10 with toluene supplied from the toluene tank 35-1 to produce methylcyclohexane.
- the methylcyclohexane produced by the MCH production unit 21 is stored in the MCH tank 31-1.
- the ammonia production unit 22 produces ammonia by reacting the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit 10 with nitrogen in the atmosphere.
- the nitrogen can be obtained by an air separation unit or the like.
- the ammonia produced by the ammonia production unit 22 is stored in the ammonia tank 32-1.
- the methylcyclohexane stored in the MCH tank 31-1 and the ammonia stored in the ammonia tank 32-1 are transported from the production site R1 to the consumption site R2 by a transport means appropriate to the transport route between the production site R1 and the consumption site R2.
- a transport means appropriate to the transport route between the production site R1 and the consumption site R2.
- tankers are used for transporting methylcyclohexane and ammonia by sea
- tank trucks are used for transporting methylcyclohexane and ammonia by land.
- the transport means are not limited to these, and any means capable of transporting methylcyclohexane and ammonia safely may be used.
- a hydrogen gas generation system 2 In the consumption location R2, a hydrogen gas generation system 2, an MCH tank 31-2, an ammonia tank 32-2, a toluene tank 35-2, and a hydrogen tank 60 are installed.
- the MCH tank 31-2 stores methylcyclohexane transported from the production location R1.
- the ammonia tank 32-2 stores ammonia transported from the production location R1.
- the toluene tank 35-2 stores toluene obtained by dehydrogenating methylcyclohexane.
- the toluene stored in the toluene tank 35-2 is transported from the consumption location R2 to the production location R1 by a transport means according to the transport route between the production location R1 and the consumption location R2.
- the toluene transported to the production location R1 is stored in the toluene tank 35-1.
- the hydrogen gas generation system 2 reconverts the methylcyclohexane supplied from the MCH tank 31-2 and the ammonia supplied from the ammonia tank 32-2 into hydrogen.
- the hydrogen gas generation system 2 includes a dehydrogenation device 41, an ammonia decomposition device 42, and a hydrogen purification device 50.
- the dehydrogenation device 41 separates the methylcyclohexane supplied from the MCH tank 31-2 into hydrogen and toluene through chemical reactions such as dehydrogenation.
- the toluene obtained in the dehydrogenation device 41 is stored in the toluene tank 35-2.
- the ammonia decomposition device 42 reacts the ammonia supplied from the ammonia tank 32-2 with a catalyst and separates it into hydrogen and nitrogen.
- the ammonia decomposition device 42 may convert the ammonia into ammonia gas by vaporizing it.
- the hydrogen purification device 50 purifies the hydrogen obtained in the dehydrogenation device 41 or the ammonia decomposition device 42 into highly pure hydrogen.
- the hydrogen purified by the hydrogen purification device 50 is stored in the hydrogen tank 60.
- the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 60 is supplied to consumer C for consumption.
- the hydrogen may be transported to consumer C by filling it into a container such as a hydrogen cylinder, or it may be transported via a pre-installed pipeline.
- the ammonia gas obtained by the ammonia decomposition device 42 is supplied to consumer C and consumed.
- the ammonia stored in the ammonia tank 32-2 may be supplied to consumer C as ammonia and consumed.
- the consumer C is, for example, a steel mill, a power plant, a chemical plant, or a hydrogen station.
- the consumer C may be the hydrogen gas generation system 2 itself. That is, the hydrogen or ammonia obtained by the hydrogen gas generation system 2 may be consumed inside the hydrogen gas generation system 2 or in another system that is connected to the hydrogen gas generation system 2.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment may produce liquid hydrogen instead of methylcyclohexane or ammonia, or in addition to methylcyclohexane and ammonia.
- a liquid hydrogen tank is installed at production site R1.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 also includes a liquid hydrogen production device.
- the liquid hydrogen production device cools the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device 10 and produces liquid hydrogen.
- the liquid hydrogen produced by the liquid hydrogen production device is stored in the liquid hydrogen tank.
- the hydrogen gas generation system 2 When liquid hydrogen is produced as a hydrogen carrier, a liquid hydrogen tank is installed at consumption site R2.
- the hydrogen gas generation system 2 also includes a liquid hydrogen vaporizer.
- the liquid hydrogen vaporizer vaporizes the liquid hydrogen supplied from the liquid hydrogen tank and reconverts it into hydrogen.
- the hydrogen obtained by the liquid hydrogen vaporizer is supplied to consumer C and consumed.
- the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen tank may be supplied to consumer C as liquid hydrogen and consumed there.
- the hydrogen or liquid hydrogen may be consumed inside the hydrogen gas generation system 2, or in another system installed alongside the hydrogen gas generation system 2.
- Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the hydrogen carrier production system in this embodiment.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment includes a hydrogen production device 10, a power distribution facility 11, a hydrogen tank 12, an MCH production device 21, an ammonia production device 22, and a control device 100.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment is also connected to an electricity market system M, a power transmission network G, an MCH tank 31, an ammonia tank 32, and a toluene tank 35 that are present in the production site R1.
- the electricity market system M is an information processing system that manages the electricity market. In the electricity market, electricity supplied through the power transmission network G is traded.
- the electricity market system M determines the price of electricity according to the demand and supply of electricity. In this embodiment, the electricity market system M determines the price of electricity for each electricity generation method. For example, the electricity market system M determines different prices for electricity derived from renewable energy (e.g., solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, etc.) and electricity derived from non-renewable energy (e.g., coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear power, etc.).
- renewable energy e.g., solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, etc.
- non-renewable energy e.g., coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear power, etc.
- the power receiving and distribution equipment 11 receives power supplied from the power transmission network G and distributes the power to each device in the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the power receiving and distribution equipment 11 can set the power to be distributed to each device.
- the power receiving and distribution equipment 11 sets at least the power to be input to the hydrogen production device 10 based on a signal received from the control device 100.
- the hydrogen production device 10 produces hydrogen using power input from the power receiving and distributing equipment 11.
- the hydrogen production device 10 produces hydrogen by electrolyzing water stored in a water electrolyzer.
- the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device 10 is stored in a hydrogen tank 12.
- the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device 10 varies depending on the amount of power input. Therefore, by changing the power input from the power receiving and distributing equipment 11 to the hydrogen production device 10, the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device 10 can be changed.
- the hydrogen tank 12 stores hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device 10.
- the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 12 is supplied to the MCH production device 21 and the ammonia production device 22.
- the MCH production unit 21 converts hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen tank 12 into methylcyclohexane by reacting it with toluene supplied from the toluene tank 35.
- the methylcyclohexane produced by the MCH production unit 21 is stored in the MCH tank 31.
- the ammonia production unit 22 produces ammonia by reacting the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit 10 with nitrogen obtained by an air separation unit or the like.
- the ammonia produced by the ammonia production unit 22 is stored in the ammonia tank 32.
- the control device 100 is an information processing device such as a personal computer, workstation, or server that controls the operation of each device included in the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the control device 100 is configured to be able to communicate data with the electricity market system M, the power distribution equipment 11, the hydrogen production device 10, the hydrogen tank 12, the MCH production device 21, and the ammonia production device 22 via a communication network.
- the control device 100 controls the operation of each device included in the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the control device 100 generates information (hereinafter also referred to as "control information") for controlling each device based on information about the consumption area R2 that consumes the hydrogen carrier (hereinafter also referred to as “consumption area information").
- the control device 100 transmits control signals for controlling the operation of at least the power receiving and distribution equipment 11, the MCH production device 21, and the ammonia production device 22 based on the generated control information.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 shown in FIG. 2 is one example, and various system configuration examples are possible depending on the application and purpose.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 may include multiple units of one or more of the hydrogen production device 10, MCH production device 21, ammonia production device 22, and control device 100.
- the control device 100 may be realized by multiple computers, or may be realized as a cloud computing service.
- the division of devices such as the hydrogen production device 10, MCH production device 21, ammonia production device 22, and control device 100 shown in FIG. 2 is one example.
- the control device 100 in this embodiment is realized by, for example, a computer.
- Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of the computer in this embodiment.
- the computer 500 in this embodiment has a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 501, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 502, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 503, a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 504, an input device 505, a display device 506, a communication I/F (Interface) 507, and an external I/F 508.
- the CPU 501, ROM 502, and RAM 503 form a so-called computer.
- Each piece of hardware in the computer 500 is connected to each other via a bus line 509. Note that the input device 505 and the display device 506 may be connected to the external I/F 508 for use.
- the CPU 501 is a calculation device that reads programs and data from storage devices such as the ROM 502 or the HDD 504 onto the RAM 503 and executes processing to realize the overall control and functions of the computer 500.
- the computer 500 may have a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) in addition to or instead of the CPU 501.
- ROM 502 is an example of a non-volatile semiconductor memory (storage device) that can retain programs and data even when the power is turned off. ROM 502 functions as a main storage device that stores various programs, data, etc. required for CPU 501 to execute various programs installed in HDD 504. Specifically, ROM 502 stores boot programs such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) that are executed when computer 500 is started, as well as data such as OS (Operating System) settings and network settings.
- BIOS Basic Input/Output System
- EFI Extensible Firmware Interface
- RAM 503 is an example of a volatile semiconductor memory (storage device) from which programs and data are erased when the power is turned off.
- RAM 503 is, for example, a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) or an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory).
- RAM 503 provides a working area into which various programs installed in HDD 504 are expanded when executed by CPU 501.
- HDD 504 is an example of a non-volatile storage device that stores programs and data.
- the programs and data stored in HDD 504 include the OS, which is the basic software that controls the entire computer 500, and applications that provide various functions on the OS.
- computer 500 may use a storage device that uses flash memory as a storage medium (e.g., SSD: Solid State Drive, etc.).
- the input device 505 includes a touch panel that the user uses to input various signals, operation keys or buttons, a keyboard or mouse, a microphone for inputting sound data such as voice, etc.
- the display device 506 is composed of a display such as a liquid crystal or organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) display for displaying a screen, a speaker for outputting sound data such as voice, etc.
- a display such as a liquid crystal or organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) display for displaying a screen
- a speaker for outputting sound data such as voice, etc.
- the communication I/F 507 is an interface that connects to a communication network and enables the computer 500 to perform data communication.
- the external I/F 508 is an interface with external devices.
- External devices include a drive device 510.
- the drive unit 510 is a device for setting the recording medium 511.
- the recording medium 511 here includes media that record information optically, electrically, or magnetically, such as CD-ROMs, flexible disks, and magneto-optical disks.
- the recording medium 511 may also include semiconductor memory that records information electrically, such as ROM and flash memory. This allows the computer 500 to read and/or write to the recording medium 511 via the external I/F 508.
- the various programs to be installed in the HDD 504 are installed, for example, by setting the distributed recording medium 511 in a drive device 510 connected to the external I/F 508 and reading the various programs recorded on the recording medium 511 by the drive device 510.
- the various programs to be installed in the HDD 504 may be installed by downloading them via the communication I/F 507 from a network different from the communication network.
- Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment.
- the control device 100 in this embodiment includes an information acquisition unit 101, a sales plan unit 102, a power calculation unit 103, a price calculation unit 104, a cost calculation unit 105, a threshold setting unit 106, a production volume setting unit 107, a price acquisition unit 108, a load acquisition unit 109, a pressure acquisition unit 110, an operation determination unit 111, an equipment control unit 112, a predicted price memory unit 120, a sales plan memory unit 121, and a control information memory unit 122.
- the information acquisition unit 101, sales planning unit 102, power calculation unit 103, price calculation unit 104, cost calculation unit 105, threshold setting unit 106, production volume setting unit 107, price acquisition unit 108, load acquisition unit 109, pressure acquisition unit 110, operation determination unit 111 and device control unit 112 are realized, for example, by a process in which a program loaded from HDD 504 shown in FIG. 3 onto RAM 503 is executed by CPU 501.
- the predicted price memory unit 120, the sales plan memory unit 121, and the control information memory unit 122 are realized, for example, using the HDD 504 shown in FIG. 3.
- the predicted price storage unit 120 stores information (hereinafter also referred to as the "electricity market price profile") indicating a predicted value of the market price (hereinafter also referred to as the "electricity market price”) at which electricity derived from renewable energy is traded in the electricity market.
- the electricity market price is determined at a predetermined time interval (e.g., every 5 minutes) in the electricity market system M.
- the electricity market price profile is information that predicts the frequency distribution of electricity market prices over a predetermined planning period (e.g., one month).
- the sales plan memory unit 121 stores information indicating a sales plan for the hydrogen carrier produced by the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the sales plan in this embodiment includes the sales volume and sales price of the hydrogen carrier for a specified planning period.
- the information indicating the sales plan stored in the sales plan memory unit 121 is generated by the sales plan unit 102.
- the control information storage unit 122 stores control information for controlling each device included in the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the control information stored in the control information storage unit 122 is generated by the threshold setting unit 106.
- the control information in this embodiment includes a threshold for determining whether or not to purchase electricity for producing hydrogen carriers.
- the threshold is, for example, the upper limit price on the electricity market price for electricity derived from renewable energy.
- the upper limit price on the electricity market price is referred to as the "electricity upper limit price.”
- the control information in this embodiment further includes a stable operation range (hereinafter also referred to as the "hydrogen production load range”) for the load of the hydrogen production device 10 (hereinafter also referred to as the "hydrogen production load”).
- the hydrogen production load range is defined by an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the hydrogen production load.
- the control information in this embodiment further includes a stable operation range (hereinafter also referred to as the "first hydrogen conversion load range”) for the load of the MCH production apparatus 21 (hereinafter also referred to as the "first hydrogen conversion load”).
- the first hydrogen conversion load range is defined by an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the first hydrogen conversion load.
- the control information in this embodiment further includes a stable operation range (hereinafter also referred to as the "second hydrogen conversion load range”) for the load of the ammonia production apparatus 22 (hereinafter also referred to as the "second hydrogen conversion load”).
- the second hydrogen conversion load range is defined by the upper and lower limits of the first hydrogen conversion load.
- the control information in this embodiment further includes a stable operating range (hereinafter also referred to as the "hydrogen tank pressure range”) for the filling pressure of the hydrogen tank 12 (hereinafter also referred to as the “hydrogen tank pressure").
- the hydrogen tank pressure range is defined by an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the hydrogen tank pressure.
- the information acquisition unit 101 acquires consumption area information regarding the consumption area of each hydrogen carrier.
- the consumption area information includes the demand amount of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier, the selling price of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier, and the constraints for delivering each hydrogen carrier.
- the demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier is the amount of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier expected to be in demand at consumption area R2 during a specified planning period.
- the demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier can be obtained, for example, by interviewing consumer C in consumption area R2 about past sales volumes and future purchase volumes.
- the selling price of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier is the price at which hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier are expected to be available for sale in consumption area R2 during a specified planning period.
- the selling price of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier can be obtained, for example, by inquiring about the past selling price to consumer C in consumption area R2 and the future desired purchase price.
- the constraints for delivering each hydrogen carrier include at least one of the following: constraints on the equipment that receives each hydrogen carrier at the consumption location R2 (equipment constraints), or constraints on the means of transport that transports each hydrogen carrier from the production location R1 to the consumption location R2 (transport constraints).
- Equipment constraints include, for example, the capacity of the unloading pier, the capacity of the tank that stores the hydrogen carrier at the receiving location, the amount of dehydrogenation and other processing in the hydrogen gas generation system 2, the capacity of the liquid or gas delivery equipment, etc.
- Transport constraints include, for example, constraints on shipping, such as the number of tankers available.
- the sales planning unit 102 develops a sales plan for each hydrogen carrier for a specified planning period based on the consumption area information for each hydrogen carrier acquired by the information acquisition unit 101.
- the sales planning unit 102 stores information indicating the developed sales plan in the sales plan storage unit 121.
- the sales planning unit 102 may generate information indicating a sales plan by presenting the consumption area information acquired by the information acquisition unit 101 to the user and accepting a sales plan input by the user.
- the sales planning unit 102 may generate information indicating a sales plan by applying predetermined rules to the consumption area information acquired by the information acquisition unit 101. These methods of formulating a sales plan are examples.
- the sales planning unit 102 can generate information indicating a sales plan by any method of generating a sales plan based on consumption area information.
- the sales planning unit 102 may increase the sales volume of each hydrogen carrier when an increase in demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier is expected in the consumption area R2, or when an increase in the sales price of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier is expected in the consumption area R2.
- the sales planning unit 102 may determine the sales volume of each hydrogen carrier within a range that satisfies the supply capacity of each hydrogen carrier. When the sales volume increases in the sales plan, the upper limit price of electricity is set higher, and sales of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier can be increased.
- the sales planning unit 102 may reduce the sales volume of each hydrogen carrier when a decrease in the demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier in consumption area R2 is expected.
- the sales planning unit 102 may reduce the sales volume starting from the hydrogen carrier with the highest levelized hydrogen cost calculated by the cost calculation unit 105.
- the upper limit price of electricity is set lower, and the production costs of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier can be reduced.
- the power calculation unit 103 calculates the production volume of each hydrogen carrier based on the sales plan for each hydrogen carrier drawn up by the sales planning unit 102.
- the power calculation unit 103 also calculates the total amount of electricity required to satisfy the production volume of each hydrogen carrier (hereinafter also referred to as the "total required amount of electricity").
- the price calculation unit 104 calculates the average electricity price and the maximum electricity price when the total required electricity amount calculated by the electricity calculation unit 103 is satisfied based on the electricity market price profile stored in the predicted price memory unit 120.
- the price calculation unit 104 calculates the average power price and the maximum power price while taking into account the rated ranges of the hydrogen production unit 10, the MCH production unit 21, and the ammonia production unit 22. Furthermore, if the power supplied from the power transmission grid G includes power based on a power procurement contract with a fixed power price, the price calculation unit 104 calculates the average power price and the maximum power price while taking into account the fixed power price and the amount of power supplied under the power procurement contract. Furthermore, the price calculation unit 104 calculates the average power price and the maximum power price so that fluctuations in the production volume in the hydrogen production unit 10 can be absorbed by the capacity of the hydrogen tank 12.
- the cost calculation unit 105 calculates the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCoH) for each hydrogen carrier based on the average electricity price calculated by the price calculation unit 104.
- the levelized cost of hydrogen is a cost calculated from the total cost including the initial cost, operating cost, and disposal cost of the equipment related to the production of each hydrogen carrier.
- the initial cost and disposal cost can be calculated in advance when constructing the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the costs attributable to the transportation or dehydrogenation of each hydrogen carrier, etc. do not usually change significantly. However, these costs may be reviewed at an appropriate time, such as when the equipment of the hydrogen gas generation system 2 is updated.
- the threshold setting unit 106 calculates the difference between the levelized hydrogen cost calculated by the cost calculation unit 105 for each hydrogen carrier and the sales price of each hydrogen carrier proposed by the sales planning unit 102.
- the threshold setting unit 106 also compares the difference between the levelized hydrogen cost and the sales price with a predetermined threshold.
- the predetermined threshold is calculated in advance, taking into consideration the target amount of profit to be obtained from the sale of the hydrogen carrier, the transportation cost of transporting each hydrogen carrier from the production site R1 to the consumption site R2, and the processing costs for dehydrogenation, etc. in the hydrogen gas generation system 2.
- the threshold setting unit 106 If the difference between the levelized hydrogen cost and the selling price for any hydrogen carrier is less than the threshold, the threshold setting unit 106 returns the process to the sales planning unit 102, which re-creates the sales plan. On the other hand, if the difference between the levelized hydrogen cost and the selling price for all hydrogen carriers is equal to or greater than the threshold, the threshold setting unit 106 sets the highest electricity price calculated by the price calculation unit 104 as the electricity upper limit price. The threshold setting unit 106 stores the set electricity upper limit price as control information in the control information storage unit 122.
- the production volume setting unit 107 determines the upper limit production volume of each hydrogen carrier based on the production volume of each hydrogen carrier calculated by the power calculation unit 103.
- the production volume setting unit 107 stores the determined upper limit production volume of each hydrogen carrier in the control information storage unit 122 as control information.
- the price acquisition unit 108 acquires the electricity market price from the electricity market system M at a predetermined time interval.
- the time interval for acquiring the electricity market price should match the time interval for updating the electricity market price in the electricity market system M.
- the price acquisition unit 108 acquires the electricity market price every 5 minutes.
- the load acquisition unit 109 acquires the hydrogen production load from the hydrogen production device 10.
- the hydrogen production load is, for example, the load factor of the hydrogen production device 10.
- the load factor of the hydrogen production device 10 is expressed as the ratio of the current output amount to the rated output of the hydrogen production device 10.
- the load acquisition unit 109 also acquires a first hydrogen conversion load from the MCH production apparatus 21.
- the first hydrogen conversion load is, for example, the load factor of the MCH production apparatus 21.
- the load factor of the MCH production apparatus 21 is expressed as a ratio of the current output amount to the rated output of the MCH production apparatus 21.
- the load acquisition unit 109 also acquires a second hydrogen conversion load from the ammonia production apparatus 22.
- the second hydrogen conversion load is, for example, the load factor of the ammonia production apparatus 22.
- the load factor of the ammonia production apparatus 22 is expressed as a ratio of the current output amount to the rated output of the ammonia production apparatus 22.
- the pressure acquisition unit 110 acquires the hydrogen tank pressure from the hydrogen tank 12.
- the hydrogen tank pressure can also be considered as information indicating the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 12.
- the operation determination unit 111 determines the operation state of the hydrogen production device 10, the operation state of the MCH production device 21, and the operation state of the ammonia production device 22 based on the upper limit electricity price acquired by the price acquisition unit 108, the hydrogen production load acquired by the load acquisition unit 109, the first hydrogen conversion load, and the second hydrogen conversion load, and the control information stored in the control information storage unit 122.
- the operating state of the hydrogen production device 10 includes the amount of hydrogen produced per unit time (hereinafter also referred to as the "hydrogen production amount").
- the operating state of the hydrogen production device 10 also includes the operation mode of the hydrogen production device 10.
- the operation mode of the hydrogen production device 10 includes, for example, a hot standby mode.
- the hot standby mode is an operating state in which the hydrogen production device 10 itself is activated but is not producing hydrogen (i.e., the amount of hydrogen produced is zero). By placing the hydrogen production device 10 in the hot standby mode, hydrogen production can be safely stopped while shortening the response time when hydrogen production is resumed.
- the operating state of the MCH production apparatus 21 includes the amount of methylcyclohexane produced per unit time (hereinafter also referred to as the "first hydrogen conversion amount").
- the operating state of the MCH production apparatus 21 also includes the operation mode of the MCH production apparatus 21.
- the operation mode of the MCH production apparatus 21 includes, for example, a hot recycle mode.
- the hot recycle mode is an operating state in which the MCH production apparatus 21 itself is activated but is not producing methylcyclohexane (i.e., the first hydrogen conversion amount is zero).
- the operating state of the ammonia production apparatus 22 includes the amount of ammonia produced per unit time (hereinafter also referred to as the "second hydrogen conversion amount").
- the operating state of the ammonia production apparatus 22 also includes the operation mode of the ammonia production apparatus 22.
- the operation mode of the ammonia production apparatus 22 includes, for example, a hot recycle mode.
- the hot recycle mode is an operating state in which the ammonia production apparatus 22 itself is activated but is not producing ammonia (i.e., the second hydrogen conversion amount is zero).
- the hydrogen carrier is ammonia or liquid hydrogen
- automatically changing the ammonia production unit 22 or the liquid hydrogen production unit to hot recycle mode may affect safety and reliability.
- the process of converting hydrogen to ammonia or liquid hydrogen requires severe processing conditions, such as high temperature and high pressure, or ultra-low temperature, so changing the operating mode is a matter that must be decided with great care. Therefore, the designer can decide at their own discretion whether to automatically change the ammonia production unit 22 or the liquid hydrogen production unit to hot recycle mode, based on the equipment design and the producer's operating policy.
- the equipment control unit 112 determines whether to change the hydrogen production amount, the first hydrogen conversion amount, or the second hydrogen conversion amount based on the operation state determined by the operation determination unit 111. When changing the hydrogen production amount, the equipment control unit 112 sends a control signal to the power receiving and distribution equipment 11 to change the power input to the hydrogen production device 10. When changing the first hydrogen conversion amount, the equipment control unit 112 sends a control signal to the MCH production device 21 to change the production amount of methylcyclohexane. When changing the second hydrogen conversion amount, the equipment control unit 112 sends a control signal to the ammonia production device 22 to change the production amount of ammonia.
- ⁇ Settings procedure> A setting method executed by the control device 100 in this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
- the setting method is a process for setting control information based on consumption location information.
- Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing an example of the setting method in this embodiment.
- step S1-1 the information acquisition unit 101 of the control device 100 acquires the demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier in the consumption area R2. If there are multiple consumption areas R2, the information acquisition unit 101 acquires the demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier for each of the multiple consumption areas R2. The information acquisition unit 101 sends information indicating the acquired demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier to the sales planning unit 102.
- step S1-2 the information acquisition unit 101 of the control device 100 acquires the selling prices of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier in the consumption area R2. If there are multiple consumption areas R2, the information acquisition unit 101 acquires the selling prices of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier for each of the multiple consumption areas R2. The information acquisition unit 101 sends information indicating the acquired selling prices of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier to the sales planning unit 102.
- step S1-3 the information acquisition unit 101 of the control device 100 acquires equipment constraints related to hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier in the consumption area R2. If there are multiple consumption areas R2, the information acquisition unit 101 acquires equipment constraints for each of the multiple consumption areas R2. The information acquisition unit 101 sends information indicating the acquired equipment constraints to the sales planning unit 102.
- step S1-4 the information acquisition unit 101 of the control device 100 acquires the transport constraints for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier in the consumption area R2. If there are multiple consumption areas R2, the information acquisition unit 101 acquires the transport constraints for each of the multiple consumption areas R2. The information acquisition unit 101 sends information indicating the acquired transport constraints to the sales planning unit 102.
- step S2 the sales planning unit 102 of the control device 100 receives consumption location information for each hydrogen carrier from the information acquisition unit 101.
- the consumption location information includes information indicating the demand amount, sales price, facility constraints, and transportation constraints acquired in steps S1-1 to S1-4.
- the sales planning unit 102 creates a sales plan for each hydrogen carrier for a specified planning period based on the received consumption area information.
- the sales planning unit 102 then stores information indicating the created sales plan in the sales plan memory unit 121.
- the sales planning unit 102 may increase the sales volume of the hydrogen carrier when an increase in the demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier is expected in the consumption area R2, or when an increase in the sales price of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier is expected in the consumption area R2. At this time, the sales planning unit 102 may determine the sales volume of the hydrogen carrier within a range that satisfies the supply capacity of the hydrogen carrier (including production, transportation, dehydrogenation, etc.). When the sales volume increases in the sales plan, a higher upper limit price for electricity is set, and sales of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier can be increased.
- the sales planning unit 102 may reduce the sales volume of the hydrogen carriers when a decrease in the demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier is expected in the consumption area R2.
- the upper limit price of electricity is set lower, and the production costs of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier can be reduced.
- step S3 the power calculation unit 103 of the control device 100 reads out the sales plans of each hydrogen carrier stored in the sales plan memory unit 121. Next, the power calculation unit 103 calculates the production volume of each hydrogen carrier based on the read-out sales plans. Next, the power calculation unit 103 calculates the total required amount of power based on the calculated production volume of each hydrogen carrier.
- the power calculation unit 103 calculates the production amount of each hydrogen carrier and the total required amount of power while taking into account the efficiency of the hydrogen production unit 10, the MCH production unit 21, and the ammonia production unit 22.
- the power calculation unit 103 calculates the required amount of power including the load of peripheral devices in addition to the hydrogen production unit 10, the MCH production unit 21, and the ammonia production unit 22.
- the power calculation unit 103 then sends the calculated total required amount of power to the price calculation unit 104.
- the power calculation unit 103 also sends the calculated production amount of each hydrogen carrier to the production amount setting unit 107.
- step S4 the price calculation unit 104 of the control device 100 receives the production amount and total required amount of electricity of each hydrogen carrier from the power calculation unit 103.
- the price calculation unit 104 reads the electricity market price profile stored in the predicted price memory unit 120.
- the price calculation unit 104 calculates the average power price and the maximum power price when the total required amount of power is satisfied based on the read power market price profile. Next, the price calculation unit 104 sends the average power price to the cost calculation unit 105. In addition, the price calculation unit 104 sends the maximum power price to the threshold setting unit 106.
- Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an electricity market price profile in this embodiment.
- the electricity market price profile in this embodiment is a graph showing the frequency distribution of the electricity market price of renewable energy generated per unit time, with the horizontal axis representing the electricity market price of renewable energy [USD/MWh] and the vertical axis representing the frequency of occurrence of the electricity market price of renewable energy. Note that the unit time should preferably match the planning period.
- the amount of electricity generated from renewable energy sources fluctuates depending on the season and weather, so the market price of electricity from renewable energy sources also fluctuates according to the amount of electricity generated. Therefore, by performing statistical processing such as averaging on data recording electricity market prices for a specific month over the past few years, it is possible to roughly predict the electricity market price for that month.
- electricity market prices can be predicted by simulation, machine learning, etc. using time-series data on past electricity market prices.
- the power market price occurrence frequency is accumulated from the lower power price (left side of the graph) in the power market price profile.
- One power market price means purchasing power for the power market price update interval (e.g., 5 minutes), so the power price occurrence frequency is accumulated and the price when the required amount of power is reached becomes the maximum power price Pmax for satisfying the required amount of power.
- the average power price Pavg can be found from the shape of the power market price profile.
- the higher the sales volume of the hydrogen carrier in the sales plan the higher the maximum electricity price Pmax is set.
- the sales volume of the hydrogen carrier is set to be large when an increase in the demand for hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier is expected in the consumption area R2, or when an increase in the sales price of hydrogen and each hydrogen carrier is expected in the consumption area R2.
- step S5 the cost calculation unit 105 of the control device 100 receives the average electricity price from the price calculation unit 104. Next, the cost calculation unit 105 calculates the levelized hydrogen cost of each hydrogen carrier based on the average electricity price. Next, the cost calculation unit 105 sends the levelized hydrogen cost of each hydrogen carrier to the threshold setting unit 106.
- step S6 the threshold setting unit 106 of the control device 100 receives the levelized hydrogen cost of each hydrogen carrier from the cost calculation unit 105.
- the threshold setting unit 106 reads out the sales plan stored in the sales plan memory unit 121.
- the threshold setting unit 106 obtains the sales price of each hydrogen carrier from the read sales plan.
- the threshold setting unit 106 calculates the difference between the levelized hydrogen cost and the selling price for each hydrogen carrier.
- the threshold setting unit 106 compares the difference between the levelized hydrogen cost and the selling price for each hydrogen carrier with a predetermined threshold. If the difference between the levelized hydrogen cost and the selling price for any hydrogen carrier is less than the threshold (NO), the threshold setting unit 106 returns the process to step S2. On the other hand, if the difference between the levelized hydrogen cost and the selling price for all hydrogen carriers is equal to or greater than the threshold (YES), the threshold setting unit 106 proceeds to step S7.
- step S7 the threshold setting unit 106 of the control device 100 receives the maximum electricity price from the price calculation unit 104.
- the threshold setting unit 106 sets the maximum electricity price as the electricity upper limit price.
- step S8 the production amount setting unit 107 of the control device 100 receives the production amount of each hydrogen carrier from the power calculation unit 103.
- the production amount setting unit 107 determines the upper limit production amount of each hydrogen carrier based on the production amount of each hydrogen carrier.
- the production amount setting unit 107 determines the upper limit production amount of methylcyclohexane taking into account the load fluctuation of the MCH production unit 21.
- the production amount setting unit 107 determines the upper limit production amount of ammonia taking into account the load fluctuation of the ammonia production unit 22.
- step S9 the threshold setting unit 106 of the control device 100 stores the upper limit electricity price as control information in the control information storage unit 122.
- the production volume setting unit 107 of the control device 100 stores the upper limit production volume of each hydrogen carrier as control information in the control information storage unit 122.
- each setting value included in the control information It is advisable to reset each setting value included in the control information at a predetermined time interval (for example, every few days).
- the decision as to whether or not to reset can be made by comparing the production volume of each hydrogen carrier calculated based on the sales plan with the actual production volume of each hydrogen carrier. For example, if the actual production volume significantly exceeds the planned production volume, the upper limit electricity price can be changed to a lower value. Also, for example, if the balance of the production volume of each hydrogen carrier deviates from the demand volume, the upper limit production volume of each hydrogen carrier can be adjusted.
- Control method processing procedure> The control method executed by the control device 100 in this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 7 to Fig. 12.
- the control method is a process for controlling each device for producing a hydrogen carrier based on control information.
- Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the control method in this embodiment.
- step S11 the price acquisition unit 108 of the control device 100 acquires the electricity market price from the electricity market system M at a predetermined time interval. Next, the price acquisition unit 108 sends the electricity market price to the operation decision unit 111.
- step S12 the load acquisition unit 109 of the control device 100 acquires the hydrogen production load from the hydrogen production device 10.
- the load acquisition unit 109 also acquires the first hydrogen conversion load from the MCH production device 21.
- the load acquisition unit 109 acquires the second hydrogen conversion load from the ammonia production device 22.
- the load acquisition unit 109 sends the hydrogen production load, the first hydrogen conversion load, and the second hydrogen conversion load to the operation determination unit 111.
- step S13 the pressure acquisition unit 110 of the control device 100 acquires the hydrogen tank pressure from the hydrogen tank 12. Next, the pressure acquisition unit 110 sends the hydrogen tank pressure to the operation determination unit 111.
- step S14 the operation determination unit 111 of the control device 100 receives the electricity market price from the price acquisition unit 108.
- the operation determination unit 111 also receives the hydrogen production load, the first hydrogen conversion load, and the second hydrogen conversion load from the load acquisition unit 109. Furthermore, the operation determination unit 111 receives the hydrogen tank pressure from the pressure acquisition unit 110.
- the operation determination unit 111 reads out the electricity upper limit price, the hydrogen production load range, the first hydrogen conversion load range, the second hydrogen conversion load range, and the hydrogen tank pressure range from the control information stored in the control information storage unit 122.
- the operation determination unit 111 determines the operation state of the hydrogen production device 10, the operation state of the MCH production device 21, and the operation state of the ammonia production device 22 based on the electricity market price, the hydrogen production load, the first hydrogen conversion load, the second hydrogen conversion load, the hydrogen tank pressure, and the control information (the upper limit electricity price, the hydrogen production load range, the first hydrogen conversion load range, the second hydrogen conversion load range, and the hydrogen tank pressure range).
- the operation determination unit 111 sends the operation state of the hydrogen production device 10, the operation state of the MCH production device 21, and the operation state of the ammonia production device 22 to the device control unit 112.
- FIG. 8 to FIG. 12 are flowcharts showing an example of the operation state determination process in this embodiment. Note that the operation state determination process is repeatedly executed for each hydrogen carrier production apparatus for which the operation state is to be determined.
- step S14-1 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the electricity market price is lower than the electricity upper limit price. If the electricity market price is lower than the electricity upper limit price (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-2. On the other hand, if the electricity market price is equal to or higher than the electricity upper limit price (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-3.
- step S14-2 the operation decision unit 111 determines whether or not the hydrogen carrier production device will automatically switch to hot recycle mode. If the device will automatically switch to hot recycle mode (YES), the operation decision unit 111 proceeds to step S14-11 (see FIG. 9). On the other hand, if the device will not automatically switch to hot recycle mode (NO), the operation decision unit 111 proceeds to step S14-51 (see FIG. 11).
- step S14-3 the operation decision unit 111 determines whether or not the hydrogen carrier production device will automatically switch to hot recycle mode. If the device will automatically switch to hot recycle mode (YES), the operation decision unit 111 proceeds to step S14-31 (see FIG. 10). On the other hand, if the device will not automatically switch to hot recycle mode (NO), the operation decision unit 111 proceeds to step S14-71 (see FIG. 12).
- step S14-11 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the hydrogen tank pressure is lower than the upper limit of the hydrogen tank pressure range. If the hydrogen tank pressure is lower than the upper limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-12. On the other hand, if the hydrogen tank pressure is equal to or higher than the upper limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-19.
- step S14-12 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the hydrogen production load is lower than the upper limit of the hydrogen production load range. If the hydrogen production load is lower than the upper limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-13. On the other hand, if the hydrogen production load is equal to or greater than the upper limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-14.
- step S14-13 the operation decision unit 111 increases the amount of hydrogen produced according to the difference between the electricity market price and the upper limit electricity price.
- Step S14-13 is executed when there is room to increase the hydrogen tank pressure and therefore the hydrogen production load. In this case, the amount of hydrogen produced can be increased, leading to increased sales.
- step S14-14 the operation decision unit 111 maintains the hydrogen production volume.
- Step S14-14 is executed when there is room to increase the hydrogen tank pressure but not room to increase the hydrogen production load. In this case, it is sufficient to maintain the hydrogen production volume. After that, the operation decision unit 111 proceeds to step S14-15.
- step S14-15 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the hydrogen tank pressure is higher than the lower limit of the hydrogen tank pressure range (an example of a first lower limit amount). If the hydrogen tank pressure is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-21. On the other hand, if the hydrogen tank pressure is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-16.
- the lower limit of the hydrogen tank pressure range an example of a first lower limit amount
- step S14-16 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the first hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit of the first hydrogen conversion load range (an example of the second lower limit amount). If the first hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-17. On the other hand, if the first hydrogen conversion load is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-18.
- step S14-17 the operation determination unit 111 reduces the first hydrogen conversion amount according to the difference between the hydrogen tank pressure and the lower limit of the hydrogen tank pressure range.
- Step S14-17 is executed when there is no room to reduce the hydrogen tank pressure and there is room to reduce the first hydrogen conversion load. In this case, the first hydrogen conversion amount is reduced so that the hydrogen tank pressure maintains the lower limit.
- step S14-18 the operation decision unit 111 transitions the operation mode of the MCH production apparatus 21 to hot recycle mode.
- Step S14-18 is executed when there is no room to reduce the hydrogen tank pressure and no room to reduce the first hydrogen conversion load. In this case, the production of methylcyclohexane is stopped so that the hydrogen tank pressure is restored to above the lower limit.
- step S14-19 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the first hydrogen conversion load is lower than the upper limit of the first hydrogen conversion load range. If the first hydrogen conversion load is lower than the upper limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-20. On the other hand, if the first hydrogen conversion load is equal to or greater than the upper limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-21.
- step S14-20 the operation determination unit 111 increases the first hydrogen conversion amount at a predetermined rate.
- Step S14-20 is executed when there is no room to increase the hydrogen tank pressure, but there is room to increase the first hydrogen conversion load. In this case, the first hydrogen conversion amount is increased so that the hydrogen tank pressure drops to below the upper limit value.
- step S14-21 the operation determination unit 111 maintains the hydrogen production volume and the first hydrogen conversion volume.
- Step S14-21 is executed in the following two cases when it is desired to increase the production volume of the hydrogen carrier because the electricity market price is lower than the upper electricity price limit.
- the first case is when there is room to change the hydrogen tank pressure but not to increase the hydrogen production load (YES in step S14-15).
- the second case is when there is no room to increase the hydrogen tank pressure and therefore no room to increase the first hydrogen conversion load (NO in step S14-19). In these cases, there is no room to change the hydrogen production volume and the first hydrogen conversion volume, so the hydrogen production volume and the first hydrogen conversion volume can be maintained.
- step S14-31 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the hydrogen production load is higher than the lower limit of the hydrogen production load range. If the hydrogen production load is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-32. On the other hand, if the hydrogen production load is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-37.
- step S14-32 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the hydrogen tank pressure is higher than the lower limit of the hydrogen tank pressure range (an example of a first lower limit amount). If the hydrogen tank pressure is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-33. On the other hand, if the hydrogen tank pressure is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-34.
- the lower limit of the hydrogen tank pressure range an example of a first lower limit amount
- step S14-33 the operation decision unit 111 reduces the amount of hydrogen produced according to the difference between the electricity market price and the upper limit electricity price.
- the operation decision unit 111 also maintains the first hydrogen conversion amount.
- Step S14-33 is executed when there is room to reduce the hydrogen tank pressure and therefore the hydrogen production load. In this case, the amount of hydrogen produced can be reduced, and production costs can be suppressed.
- step S14-34 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the first hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit of the first hydrogen conversion load range (an example of the second lower limit amount). If the first hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-35. On the other hand, if the first hydrogen conversion load is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-36.
- step S14-35 the operation determination unit 111 maintains the hydrogen production volume.
- the operation determination unit 111 also reduces the first hydrogen conversion volume according to the difference between the hydrogen tank pressure and the lower limit of the hydrogen tank pressure range.
- Step S14-35 is executed when there is no room to reduce the hydrogen tank pressure and there is room to reduce the first hydrogen conversion load. In this case, the first hydrogen conversion volume is reduced while maintaining the hydrogen production volume so that the hydrogen tank pressure recovers to above the lower limit.
- step S14-36 the operation decision unit 111 maintains the hydrogen production volume.
- the operation decision unit 111 also transitions the operation mode of the MCH production apparatus 21 to hot recycle mode. In other words, the production of methylcyclohexane is stopped.
- Step S14-36 is executed when there is no room to reduce the hydrogen tank pressure and no room to reduce the first hydrogen conversion load. In this case, the production of methylcyclohexane is stopped so that the hydrogen tank pressure recovers to above the lower limit.
- step S14-37 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the hydrogen tank pressure is higher than the lower limit of the hydrogen tank pressure range (an example of a first lower limit amount). If the hydrogen tank pressure is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-38. On the other hand, if the hydrogen tank pressure is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-39.
- step S14-38 the operation decision unit 111 switches the operation mode of the hydrogen production device 10 to hot standby mode. In other words, hydrogen production is stopped.
- the operation decision unit 111 also maintains the first hydrogen conversion amount.
- Step S14-38 is executed when there is room to reduce the hydrogen tank pressure but not room to reduce the hydrogen production load. In this case, hydrogen production can be stopped while methylcyclohexane production is continued.
- step S14-39 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the first hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit of the first hydrogen conversion load range (an example of the second lower limit amount). If the first hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-40. On the other hand, if the first hydrogen conversion load is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-41.
- step S14-40 the operation decision unit 111 transitions the operation mode of the hydrogen production device 10 to hot standby mode. In other words, hydrogen production is stopped.
- the operation decision unit 111 also reduces the first hydrogen conversion amount according to the difference between the hydrogen tank pressure and the lower limit of the hydrogen tank pressure range.
- Step S14-40 is executed when there is no room to reduce the hydrogen production load, but there is room to reduce the first hydrogen conversion load. In this case, hydrogen production is stopped while methylcyclohexane production is continued.
- step S14-41 the operation decision unit 111 transitions the operation mode of the hydrogen production device 10 to hot standby mode. In other words, hydrogen production is stopped.
- the operation decision unit 111 also transitions the operation mode of the MCH production device 21 to hot recycle mode. In other words, methylcyclohexane production is stopped.
- Step S14-41 is executed when there is no room to reduce the hydrogen production load and no room to reduce the first hydrogen conversion load. In this case, hydrogen production and methylcyclohexane production are stopped until the electricity market price falls below the electricity upper limit price.
- step S14-56 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the second hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit of the second hydrogen conversion load range (an example of the second lower limit amount). If the second hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-57. On the other hand, if the second hydrogen conversion load is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-60.
- step S14-60 the operation determination unit 111 maintains the hydrogen production amount and the second hydrogen conversion amount.
- Step S14-60 is executed in the following three cases when it is desired to increase the production amount of the hydrogen carrier because the electricity market price is lower than the electricity upper limit price.
- the first case is when there is room to change the hydrogen tank pressure but not to increase the hydrogen production load (YES in step S14-55).
- the second case is when there is no room to increase the hydrogen tank pressure and there is no room to increase the second hydrogen conversion load (NO in step S14-58).
- the third case is when there is no room to reduce the hydrogen tank pressure and there is no room to reduce the second hydrogen conversion load (NO in step S14-56).
- the system does not automatically switch to hot recycle mode, so production of hydrogen and hydrogen carrier continues even in the third case.
- step S14-74 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the second hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit of the second hydrogen conversion load range (an example of the second lower limit amount). If the second hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-75. On the other hand, if the second hydrogen conversion load is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-76.
- step S14-76 the operation determination unit 111 maintains the hydrogen production volume.
- the operation determination unit 111 also maintains the second hydrogen conversion volume.
- Step S14-76 is executed when there is no room to reduce the hydrogen tank pressure and no room to reduce the second hydrogen conversion load. In this case, the system does not automatically switch to hot recycle mode, and continues to produce hydrogen and hydrogen carriers.
- step S14-79 the operation determination unit 111 determines whether the second hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit of the second hydrogen conversion load range (an example of the second lower limit amount). If the second hydrogen conversion load is higher than the lower limit (YES), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-80. On the other hand, if the second hydrogen conversion load is equal to or lower than the lower limit (NO), the operation determination unit 111 proceeds to step S14-81.
- step S14-81 the operation decision unit 111 switches the operation mode of the hydrogen production device 10 to hot standby mode. That is, hydrogen production is stopped.
- the operation decision unit 111 also maintains the second hydrogen conversion amount.
- Step S14-81 is executed when there is no room to reduce the hydrogen production load and no room to reduce the second hydrogen conversion load. In this case, the system does not automatically switch to hot recycle mode, and hydrogen production is stopped while hydrogen carrier production continues.
- step S15 the device control unit 112 of the control device 100 receives the operation state of the hydrogen production device 10, the operation state of the MCH production device 21, and the operation state of the ammonia production device 22 from the operation determination unit 111. Next, the device control unit 112 determines whether or not to change the hydrogen production amount, the first hydrogen conversion amount, and the second hydrogen conversion amount.
- Whether or not to change the amount of hydrogen production is determined based on whether the current amount of hydrogen conversion differs from the new amount of hydrogen production indicated by the operating state of the hydrogen production device 10. At this time, it may be determined that the amount of hydrogen production differs when the difference between the current amount of hydrogen production and the new amount of hydrogen production is equal to or greater than a predetermined first threshold value.
- Whether or not to change the first hydrogen conversion amount is determined based on whether the current first hydrogen conversion amount differs from the new first hydrogen conversion amount indicated by the operating state of the MCH production apparatus 21. At this time, it may be determined that the first hydrogen conversion amount differs when the difference between the current first hydrogen conversion amount and the new first hydrogen conversion amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined second threshold value.
- Whether or not to change the second hydrogen conversion amount is determined based on whether or not the current second hydrogen conversion amount differs from the new second hydrogen conversion amount indicated by the operating state of the ammonia production apparatus 22. At this time, it may be determined that the second hydrogen conversion amount differs when the difference between the current second hydrogen conversion amount and the new second hydrogen conversion amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined third threshold value.
- step S16 If it is determined that any one of the hydrogen production amount, the first hydrogen conversion amount, and the second hydrogen conversion amount is to be changed (YES), the device control unit 112 proceeds to step S16. On the other hand, if it is determined that none of the hydrogen production amount, the first hydrogen conversion amount, and the second hydrogen conversion amount is to be changed (NO), the device control unit 112 skips step S16 and ends the processing of the control method.
- step S16 when changing the amount of hydrogen production, the device control unit 112 of the control device 100 transmits a control signal to the power receiving and distribution equipment 11 to change the power input to the hydrogen production device 10.
- the control signal includes information indicating the changed power.
- the device control unit 112 transmits a control signal to the MCH production device 21 to change the production amount of methylcyclohexane.
- the control signal includes information indicating the production amount after the change.
- the device control unit 112 transmits a control signal to the ammonia production device 22 to change the amount of ammonia produced.
- the control signal includes information indicating the production amount after the change.
- the power distribution equipment 11 receives a control signal from the control device 100. Next, the power distribution equipment 11 sets the power to be input to the hydrogen production device 10 based on the received control signal. The hydrogen production device 10 produces hydrogen according to the power input from the power distribution equipment 11.
- the MCH production device 21 receives a control signal from the control device 100. Next, the MCH production device 21 sets the production amount of methylcyclohexane based on the received control signal, and produces methylcyclohexane to satisfy that production amount.
- the ammonia production device 22 receives a control signal from the control device 100. Next, the ammonia production device 22 sets the amount of ammonia to be produced based on the received control signal, and produces ammonia to satisfy that amount.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment includes a hydrogen production device 10 that produces hydrogen using electric power, a hydrogen tank 12 that stores hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device 10, an MCH production device 21 that converts the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 12 into methylcyclohexane, and an ammonia production device 22 that converts the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 12 into ammonia.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment can produce multiple types of hydrogen carriers in parallel.
- the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment further includes a control device 100 that controls the operating state of at least one of the hydrogen production device 10, the MCH production device 21, and the ammonia production device 22. Therefore, the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment can control devices for producing multiple types of hydrogen carriers.
- the control device 100 in this embodiment transmits a control signal to control the operating state of at least one of the hydrogen production device 10, the MCH production device 21, or the ammonia production device 22, based on consumption area information about the consumption area R2. Therefore, the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment can appropriately control the devices for producing multiple types of hydrogen carriers based on consumption area information.
- the control device 100 in this embodiment sets an upper limit electricity price to determine whether or not to purchase electricity for producing at least either hydrogen or a hydrogen carrier at the production location R1 based on the consumption location information, and transmits a control signal to control the operating state of at least one of the hydrogen production device 10, the MCH production device 21, or the ammonia production device 22 based on the comparison result between the electricity market price at the production location R1 and the upper limit electricity price. Therefore, according to the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment, it is possible to appropriately control the device for producing at least either hydrogen or multiple types of hydrogen carriers based on the consumption location information and the electricity market price.
- the control device 100 in this embodiment determines the production amount of each hydrogen carrier based on the consumption area information.
- the control device 100 determines the production amount of each hydrogen carrier based on the load of each of the hydrogen production device 10, the MCH production device 21, and the ammonia production device 22, and the storage amount of the hydrogen tank 12. Therefore, according to the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in this embodiment, the production amount of multiple types of hydrogen carriers can be appropriately determined based on the load of the equipment for producing the hydrogen carrier, etc.
- the control device 100 in this embodiment performs control to increase the amount of hydrogen produced when the electricity market price is lower than the upper limit electricity price and the filling pressure of the hydrogen tank 12 is lower than a predetermined upper limit.
- the control device 100 also performs control to increase the amount of hydrogen carrier produced when the electricity market price is lower than the upper limit electricity price and the filling pressure of the hydrogen tank 12 is higher than a predetermined upper limit. Therefore, according to the control device 100 in this embodiment, the amount of hydrogen and hydrogen carrier produced can be increased to the extent that the filling pressure of the hydrogen tank 12 falls within a stable operating range.
- the control device 100 controls to reduce the amount of hydrogen produced and maintain the amount of hydrogen carrier produced.
- the control device 100 controls to maintain the amount of hydrogen produced and reduce the amount of hydrogen carrier produced. Therefore, according to the control device 100 in this embodiment, the amount of hydrogen and hydrogen carrier produced can be reduced to the extent that the filling pressure of the hydrogen tank 12 falls within a stable operating range.
- the control device 100 in this embodiment transitions the hydrogen production device 10 to hot standby mode when the electricity market price is higher than the upper limit electricity price and the amount of hydrogen produced is equal to or less than a predetermined lower limit. Therefore, the control device 100 in this embodiment can safely stop hydrogen production so that the amount of hydrogen produced does not fall below the lower limit.
- control device 100 in this embodiment automatically transitions to hot recycle mode, it transitions the device for producing hydrogen carriers to hot recycle mode when the electricity market price is higher than the upper electricity price limit, the filling pressure of the hydrogen tank 12 is below a predetermined lower limit, and the production amount of the hydrogen carrier is below a predetermined lower limit. Therefore, according to the control device 100 in this embodiment, it is possible to safely stop the production of the hydrogen carrier so that the filling pressure of the hydrogen tank 12 does not fall below the lower limit.
- control device 100 when the control device 100 does not automatically switch to hot recycle mode, and the filling pressure of the hydrogen tank 12 is below a predetermined lower limit and the production amount of the hydrogen carrier is below a predetermined lower limit, the control device 100 maintains the production amount of the hydrogen carrier regardless of the electricity market price. Therefore, according to the control device 100 in this embodiment, it is possible to continue production of the hydrogen carrier so that the load on the hydrogen carrier production device 20 does not fall below the lower limit.
- the amount of electricity purchased can be precisely adjusted according to the electricity market price, which fluctuates in units of a few minutes.
- hydrogen carriers can be appropriately produced according to the hydrogen market price in the consumption area R2, the amount of demand, the cost of dehydrogenation, etc. For example, if the sales price rises or demand increases in the consumption area R2, production of hydrogen carriers can be increased while taking into account the supply capacity of the entire supply chain (production, transportation, dehydrogenation, etc.). In addition, for example, if demand decreases in the consumption area R2, production adjustments of hydrogen carriers can be made based on the levelized hydrogen cost.
- each hydrogen carrier can be individually reflected in the MCH production device 21 and the ammonia production device 22 (or liquid hydrogen production device) that have the hydrogen production device 10 as a common facility, and the total margin can be maximized.
- each hydrogen carrier can be appropriately produced according to the market price of hydrogen in the consumption area R2, the demand amount, the cost of dehydrogenation processing, etc. For example, if demand decreases in the consumption area R2, production adjustments can be made for each hydrogen carrier in descending order of the levelized hydrogen cost.
- the sales prices and demands of each hydrogen carrier in the consumption area R2 differ, the amount of electricity purchased can be optimized by creating sales plans for each hydrogen carrier and adding them up.
- the control device 100 installed at the production location R1 is configured to control each device included in the hydrogen carrier production system 1 based on consumption location information acquired from the consumption location R2.
- the control device installed at the consumption location R2 is configured to transmit the consumption location information to the control device 100.
- Fig. 13 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the hydrogen gas generation system 2 in this embodiment.
- the hydrogen gas generation system 2 in this modified example includes a hydrogen gas generation device 40, a hydrogen purification device 50, and a control device 200.
- the hydrogen gas generation system 2 in this modified example is also connected to a hydrogen carrier tank 30 and a hydrogen tank 60 present in the consumption area R2.
- the control device 200 is an information processing device such as a personal computer, workstation, or server that controls the operation of each device included in the hydrogen gas generation system 2.
- the control device 200 is configured to be able to communicate data with the hydrogen gas generation device 40 and the hydrogen purification device 50 via a communication network.
- the control device 200 acquires consumption area information related to the consumption area R2 and transmits it to the control device 100 of the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- Fig. 14 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the hydrogen gas generation system 2 in this modified example.
- the control device 200 in this modification includes an information acquisition unit 101 and an information transmission unit 201.
- the information acquisition unit 101 functions similarly to the information acquisition unit 101 included in the control device 100 in the embodiment.
- the information transmission unit 201 transmits the consumption location information acquired by the information acquisition unit 101 to the control device 100 of the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the information acquisition unit 101 included in the control device 100 acquires the consumption location information by receiving the consumption location information from the control device 200.
- the control device 100 controls each device included in the hydrogen carrier production system 1 based on the consumption location information, similar to the control device 100 in the embodiment.
- control device 200 installed in the consumption place R2 is configured to transmit consumption place information to the control device 100.
- control device installed in the consumption place R2 is configured to transmit control information to the control device 100.
- Fig. 15 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the hydrogen gas generation system 2 in this modified example.
- the control device 200 in this modification includes an information acquisition unit 101, a sales plan unit 102, a power calculation unit 103, a price calculation unit 104, a cost calculation unit 105, a threshold setting unit 106, a production amount setting unit 107, a predicted price storage unit 120, a sales plan storage unit 121, and an information transmission unit 201. That is, the control device 200 in this modification differs from the control device 100 in the first embodiment in that it does not include the price acquisition unit 108, the load acquisition unit 109, the pressure acquisition unit 110, the operation determination unit 111, the device control unit 112, and the control information storage unit 122, but includes the information transmission unit 201.
- the information transmission unit 201 transmits control information including the upper limit electricity price set by the threshold setting unit 106 and the upper limit production volume of each hydrogen carrier set by the production volume setting unit 107 to the control device 100 of the hydrogen carrier production system 1.
- the control device 100 receives control information from the control device 200 and stores it in the control information storage unit 122. Similar to the control device 100 in the embodiment, the control device 100 controls each device included in the hydrogen carrier production system 1 based on the control information read from the control information storage unit 122.
- the control device 100 in the above embodiment can be applied not only to the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in the operation stage, but also to the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in the planning stage. In other words, if consumption area information on the consumption area and the predicted value of the electricity market price can be obtained, each setting value included in the control information can be set, and the total margin when operating based on the control information can be estimated. Therefore, the control device 100 in the above embodiment can be applied to maximizing the economic efficiency of the hydrogen carrier production system 1 in the planning stage and optimizing the investment scope.
- processing circuit includes a processor programmed to execute each function by software, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) implemented by an electronic circuit, and an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), DSP (Digital Signal Processor), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), conventional circuit module, and other devices designed to execute each function described above.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- GPU Graphics Processing Unit
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- DSP Digital Signal Processor
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- a hydrogen production device that produces hydrogen
- a hydrogen tank for storing the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device
- a plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices that convert the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank into different types of hydrogen carriers
- a hydrogen carrier production system comprising: (Appendix 2) The plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices convert the hydrogen stored in the same hydrogen tank into the hydrogen carrier. 2.
- the hydrogen carrier production system according to claim 1. (Appendix 3) Further comprising a control device for controlling the operation state of at least one of the hydrogen production device or the plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices; 2.
- the control device includes: an information acquisition unit that acquires consumption location information regarding a consumption location that consumes at least one of the hydrogen or the hydrogen carrier; an equipment control unit that controls an operating state of at least one of the hydrogen production equipment or the plurality of hydrogen carrier production equipment based on the consumption location information; Equipped with 4.
- the hydrogen carrier production system according to claim 3.
- the control device includes: A price acquisition unit that acquires the electricity price of a production site where the hydrogen carrier is produced; a threshold setting unit that sets a threshold for determining whether or not to purchase electricity for producing at least one of the hydrogen or the hydrogen carrier at a production site where at least one of the hydrogen or the hydrogen carrier is produced based on the consumption location information; Further equipped with The device control unit controls an operation state of at least one of the hydrogen production device or the plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices based on a comparison result between the electricity price and the threshold value. 5.
- the hydrogen carrier production system according to claim 4. (Appendix 6)
- the consumption location information includes a demand amount of at least one of the hydrogen or the hydrogen carrier in the consumption location. 5.
- the consumption location information includes a sales price of at least one of the hydrogen or the hydrogen carrier in the consumption location. 5.
- the hydrogen carrier production system according to claim 4. The consumption location information includes constraints for delivering the hydrogen carrier to the consumption location. 5.
- the hydrogen carrier production system according to claim 4. (Appendix 9) The constraint conditions include at least one of a constraint on a facility for receiving the hydrogen carrier at the consumption site, or a constraint on a transportation means for transporting the hydrogen carrier from a production site for producing the hydrogen carrier to the consumption site.
- the control device includes: An operation determination unit that determines the production amount of each of the plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices, 5.
- the operation determination unit determines the production amount of each of the plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices based on a load of the hydrogen production device, a load of each of the plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices, and a storage amount of the hydrogen tank; 11.
- the device control unit instructs, when the amount of storage in the hydrogen tank is equal to or less than a predetermined first lower limit, to stop production of the hydrogen carrier, the production amount of which is equal to or less than a predetermined second lower limit. 12.
- the device control unit stops the production of methylcyclohexane when the production amount of the hydrogen carrier conversion device that converts the hydrogen to methylcyclohexane is equal to or less than the second lower limit, and maintains the production amount of ammonia or liquid hydrogen when the production amount of the hydrogen carrier conversion device that converts the hydrogen to ammonia or liquid hydrogen is equal to or less than the second lower limit.
- the hydrogen carrier production system according to claim 12.
- a control device capable of communicating with a hydrogen production device that produces hydrogen, a hydrogen tank that stores the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device, and a plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices that convert the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank into different types of hydrogen carriers, Controlling the operation state of at least the hydrogen production device or the plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices; Control device.
- (Appendix 15) A step of producing hydrogen by a hydrogen production device; A step of storing the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device in a hydrogen tank; A step in which a plurality of hydrogen carrier production devices convert the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank into different types of hydrogen carriers;
- a method for producing a hydrogen carrier comprising the steps of:
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一実施形態は、水素キャリアを製造する水素キャリア製造システムである。水素キャリアは、気体の水素(水素ガス)を効率よく貯蔵及び輸送可能な液体等の状態に変化させた物質である。本実施形態における水素キャリア製造システムは、水を電気分解することで水素ガスを生成し、水素ガスを液体に変化させることで水素キャリアを製造する。以下、単に「水素」といった場合、気体の水素(水素ガス)を表しているものとする。
水素キャリアとして利用可能な物質は、例えば、メチルシクロヘキサン(MCH: Methylcyclohexane)、アンモニア(NH3)又は液体水素(LH2: Liquid H2)等である。メチルシクロヘキサンは、トルエンに水素を反応させて得ることができる。アンモニアは、水素に窒素を反応させて得ることができる。液体水素は、水素を沸点(-253℃)以下まで冷却することで液化したものである。
本実施形態における水素サプライチェーンについて、図1を参照しながら説明する。水素サプライチェーンとは、水素を製造し、輸送し、消費するまでの一連の流れである。
本実施形態における水素キャリア製造システムの全体構成について、図2を参照しながら説明する。図2は、本実施形態における水素キャリア製造システムの全体構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
本実施形態における水素キャリア製造システム1に含まれる各装置のハードウェア構成について、図3を参照しながら説明する。
本実施形態における制御装置100は、例えばコンピュータにより実現される。図3は、本実施形態におけるコンピュータのハードウェア構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
本実施形態における水素キャリア製造システムの機能構成について、図4を参照しながら説明する。図4は、本実施形態における水素キャリア製造システム1の機能構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
図4に示されているように、本実施形態における制御装置100は、情報取得部101、販売計画部102、電力計算部103、価格計算部104、原価計算部105、閾値設定部106、製造量設定部107、価格取得部108、負荷取得部109、圧力取得部110、稼働決定部111、装置制御部112、予測価格記憶部120、販売計画記憶部121及び制御情報記憶部122を備える。
本実施形態における制御装置100が実行する設定方法について、図5及び図6を参照しながら説明する。設定方法は、消費地情報に基づいて制御情報を設定する処理である。図5は、本実施形態における設定方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。
本実施形態における平均電力価格及び電力上限価格の計算方法について、図6を参照しながら説明する。図6は、本実施形態における電力市場価格プロファイルの一例を示す図である。
本実施形態における制御装置100が実行する制御方法について、図7乃至図12を参照しながら説明する。制御方法は、制御情報に基づいて水素キャリアを製造するための各装置を制御する処理である。図7は、本実施形態における制御方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。
本実施形態における稼働状態決定処理(図7のステップS14)について、図8乃至図12を参照しながら説明する。図8乃至図12は、本実施形態における稼働状態決定処理の一例を示すフローチャートである。なお、稼働状態決定処理は、稼働状態を決定する水素キャリア製造装置ごとに繰り返し実行する。
以下、水素キャリア製造装置を自動的にホットリサイクルモードに移行する場合の稼働状態決定処理について、図9及び10を参照しながら説明する。なお、ここでは、MCH製造装置21を自動的にホットリサイクルモードに移行する例を説明する。
以下、水素キャリア製造装置を自動的にホットリサイクルモードに移行しない場合の稼働状態決定処理について、図11及び12を参照しながら説明する。なお、ここでは、アンモニア製造装置22を自動的にホットリサイクルモードに移行しない例を説明する。また、水素キャリア製造装置を自動的にホットリサイクルモードに移行する場合の稼働状態決定処理(図9及び図10参照)との相違点を中心に説明する。
本実施形態における水素キャリア製造システム1は、電力を用いて水素を製造する水素製造装置10と、水素製造装置10により製造された水素を貯蔵する水素タンク12と、水素タンク12に貯蔵された水素をメチルシクロヘキサンに変換するMCH製造装置21と、水素タンク12に貯蔵された水素をアンモニアに変換するアンモニア製造装置22と、を含む。したがって、本実施形態における水素キャリア製造システム1によれば、複数種類の水素キャリアを並行して製造することができる。
実施形態では、製造地R1に設置された制御装置100が、消費地R2から取得した消費地情報に基づいて、水素キャリア製造システム1に含まれる各装置を制御するように構成した。変形例1では、消費地R2に設置された制御装置が、消費地情報を制御装置100に送信するように構成する。
本変形例における水素ガス生成システムの全体構成について、図13を参照しながら説明する。図13は、本実施形態における水素ガス生成システム2の全体構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
本変形例における水素ガス生成システムの機能構成について、図14を参照しながら説明する。図14は、本変形例における水素ガス生成システム2の機能構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
図14に示されているように、本変形例における制御装置200は、情報取得部101及び情報送信部201を備える。情報取得部101は、実施形態における制御装置100が備える情報取得部101と同様に機能する。
変形例1では、消費地R2に設置された制御装置200が、消費地情報を制御装置100に送信するように構成した。変形例2では、消費地R2に設置された制御装置が、制御情報を制御装置100に送信するように構成する。
本変形例における水素ガス生成システムの機能構成について、図15を参照しながら説明する。図15は、本変形例における水素ガス生成システム2の機能構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
図15に示されているように、本変形例における制御装置200は、情報取得部101、販売計画部102、電力計算部103、価格計算部104、原価計算部105、閾値設定部106、製造量設定部107、予測価格記憶部120、販売計画記憶部121及び情報送信部201を備える。すなわち、本変形例における制御装置200は、第1実施形態における制御装置100と比較して、価格取得部108、負荷取得部109、圧力取得部110、稼働決定部111、装置制御部112及び制御情報記憶部122を備えず、情報送信部201を備える点が異なる。
上記実施形態における制御装置100は、運用段階における水素キャリア製造システム1のみならず、計画段階における水素キャリア製造システム1に適用することができる。すなわち、消費地に関する消費地情報と、電力市場価格の予測値とを入手することができれば、制御情報に含まれる各設定値を設定することができ、その制御情報に基づいて運用した場合のトータルマージンを見積もることができる。したがって、上記実施形態における制御装置100は、計画段階における水素キャリア製造システム1の経済性を最大化し、投資スコープを最適化することに応用することができる。
上記で説明した実施形態の各機能は、一又は複数の処理回路によって実現することが可能である。ここで、本明細書における「処理回路」とは、電子回路により実装されるCPU(Central Processing Unit)又はGPU(Graphics Processing Unit)のようにソフトウェアによって各機能を実行するようプログラミングされたプロセッサや、上記で説明した各機能を実行するよう設計されたASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)、DSP(Digital Signal Processor)、FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)や従来の回路モジュール等の機器を含むものとする。
(付記1)
水素を製造する水素製造装置と、
前記水素製造装置により製造された前記水素を貯蔵する水素タンクと、
前記水素タンクに貯蔵された前記水素を異なる種類の水素キャリアに変換する複数の水素キャリア製造装置と、
を含む水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記2)
前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置は、同一の前記水素タンクに貯蔵された前記水素を前記水素キャリアに変換する、
付記1に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記3)
少なくとも前記水素製造装置又は前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置のいずれか一方の稼働状態を制御する制御装置をさらに含む、
付記1に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記4)
前記制御装置は、
少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方を消費する消費地に関する消費地情報を取得する情報取得部と、
前記消費地情報に基づいて少なくとも前記水素製造装置又は前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置のいずれか一方の稼働状態を制御する装置制御部と、
を備える、
付記3に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記5)
前記制御装置は、
前記水素キャリアを製造する製造地の電力価格を取得する価格取得部と、
前記消費地情報に基づいて少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方を製造する製造地で少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方を製造するための電力を購入するか否かを判定するための閾値を設定する閾値設定部と、
をさらに備え、
前記装置制御部は、前記電力価格と前記閾値との比較結果に基づいて、少なくとも前記水素製造装置又は前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置のいずれか一方の稼働状態を制御する、
付記4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記6)
前記消費地情報は、前記消費地における少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方の需要量を含む、
付記4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記7)
前記消費地情報は、前記消費地における少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方の販売価格を含む、
付記4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記8)
前記消費地情報は、前記消費地に前記水素キャリアを配送するための制約条件を含む、
付記4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記9)
前記制約条件は、少なくとも前記消費地で前記水素キャリアを荷受けする設備に関する制約、又は前記水素キャリアを製造する製造地から前記消費地に前記水素キャリアを輸送する輸送手段に関する制約のいずれか一方を含む、
付記8に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記10)
前記制御装置は、
前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置それぞれの製造量を決定する稼働決定部をさらに備える、
付記4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記11)
前記稼働決定部は、前記水素製造装置の負荷、前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置それぞれの負荷、及び前記水素タンクの貯蔵量に基づいて、前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置それぞれの製造量を決定する、
付記10に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記12)
前記装置制御部は、前記水素タンクの貯蔵量が予め定めた第1下限値以下であるとき、製造量が予め定めた第2下限値以下である前記水素キャリアの製造を停止することを指示する、
付記11に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記13)
前記装置制御部は、前記水素をメチルシクロヘキサンに変換する水素キャリア変換装置の製造量が前記第2下限値以下である場合、メチルシクロヘキサンの製造を停止し、前記水素をアンモニア又は液体水素に変換する水素キャリア変換装置の製造量が前記第2下限値以下である場合、アンモニア又は液体水素の製造量を維持する、
付記12に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。
(付記14)
水素を製造する水素製造装置、前記水素製造装置により製造された前記水素を貯蔵する水素タンク、及び前記水素タンクに貯蔵された前記水素を異なる種類の水素キャリアに変換する複数の水素キャリア製造装置と通信可能な制御装置であって、
少なくとも前記水素製造装置又は前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置の稼働状態を制御する、
制御装置。
(付記15)
水素製造装置が、水素を製造する工程と、
水素タンクが、前記水素製造装置により製造された前記水素を貯蔵する工程と、
複数の水素キャリア製造装置が、前記水素タンクに貯蔵された前記水素を異なる種類の水素キャリアに変換する工程と、
を含む水素キャリア製造方法。
2 水素ガス生成システム
10 水素製造装置
11 受配電設備
12 水素タンク
21 MCH製造装置
22 アンモニア製造装置
31 MCHタンク
32 アンモニアタンク
100 制御装置
101 情報取得部
102 販売計画部
103 電力計算部
104 価格計算部
105 原価計算部
106 閾値設定部
107 製造量設定部
108 価格取得部
109 負荷取得部
110 圧力取得部
111 稼働決定部
112 装置制御部
120 予測価格記憶部
121 販売計画記憶部
122 制御情報記憶部
200 制御装置
201 情報送信部
Claims (15)
- 水素を製造する水素製造装置と、
前記水素製造装置により製造された前記水素を貯蔵する水素タンクと、
前記水素タンクに貯蔵された前記水素を異なる種類の水素キャリアに変換する複数の水素キャリア製造装置と、
を含む水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置は、同一の前記水素タンクに貯蔵された前記水素を前記水素キャリアに変換する、
請求項1に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 少なくとも前記水素製造装置又は前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置のいずれか一方の稼働状態を制御する制御装置をさらに含む、
請求項1に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記制御装置は、
少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方を消費する消費地に関する消費地情報を取得する情報取得部と、
前記消費地情報に基づいて少なくとも前記水素製造装置又は前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置のいずれか一方の稼働状態を制御する装置制御部と、
を備える、
請求項3に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記制御装置は、
前記水素キャリアを製造する製造地の電力価格を取得する価格取得部と、
前記消費地情報に基づいて少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方を製造する製造地で少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方を製造するための電力を購入するか否かを判定するための閾値を設定する閾値設定部と、
をさらに備え、
前記装置制御部は、前記電力価格と前記閾値との比較結果に基づいて、少なくとも前記水素製造装置又は前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置のいずれか一方の稼働状態を制御する、
請求項4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記消費地情報は、前記消費地における少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方の需要量を含む、
請求項4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記消費地情報は、前記消費地における少なくとも前記水素又は前記水素キャリアのいずれか一方の販売価格を含む、
請求項4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記消費地情報は、前記消費地に前記水素キャリアを配送するための制約条件を含む、
請求項4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記制約条件は、少なくとも前記消費地で前記水素キャリアを荷受けする設備に関する制約、又は前記水素キャリアを製造する製造地から前記消費地に前記水素キャリアを輸送する輸送手段に関する制約のいずれか一方を含む、
請求項8に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記制御装置は、
前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置それぞれの製造量を決定する稼働決定部をさらに備える、
請求項4に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記稼働決定部は、前記水素製造装置の負荷、前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置それぞれの負荷、及び前記水素タンクの貯蔵量に基づいて、前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置それぞれの製造量を決定する、
請求項10に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記装置制御部は、前記水素タンクの貯蔵量が予め定めた第1下限値以下であるとき、製造量が予め定めた第2下限値以下である前記水素キャリアの製造を停止することを指示する、
請求項11に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 前記装置制御部は、前記水素をメチルシクロヘキサンに変換する水素キャリア変換装置の製造量が前記第2下限値以下である場合、メチルシクロヘキサンの製造を停止し、前記水素をアンモニア又は液体水素に変換する水素キャリア変換装置の製造量が前記第2下限値以下である場合、アンモニア又は液体水素の製造量を維持する、
請求項12に記載の水素キャリア製造システム。 - 水素を製造する水素製造装置、前記水素製造装置により製造された前記水素を貯蔵する水素タンク、及び前記水素タンクに貯蔵された前記水素を異なる種類の水素キャリアに変換する複数の水素キャリア製造装置と通信可能な制御装置であって、
少なくとも前記水素製造装置又は前記複数の水素キャリア製造装置の稼働状態を制御する、
制御装置。 - 水素製造装置が、水素を製造する工程と、
水素タンクが、前記水素製造装置により製造された前記水素を貯蔵する工程と、
複数の水素キャリア製造装置が、前記水素タンクに貯蔵された前記水素を異なる種類の水素キャリアに変換する工程と、
を含む水素キャリア製造方法。
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- 2024-02-19 AU AU2024226531A patent/AU2024226531A1/en active Pending
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