WO2024141708A1 - Procédé de traitement du bois et système de commande destiné à commander le fonctionnement de la tête de moissonneuse d'une machine de travail forestière - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement du bois et système de commande destiné à commander le fonctionnement de la tête de moissonneuse d'une machine de travail forestière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024141708A1
WO2024141708A1 PCT/FI2023/050726 FI2023050726W WO2024141708A1 WO 2024141708 A1 WO2024141708 A1 WO 2024141708A1 FI 2023050726 W FI2023050726 W FI 2023050726W WO 2024141708 A1 WO2024141708 A1 WO 2024141708A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cross
tree
cutting
cutting knife
harvester head
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2023/050726
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jari ÅLANDER
Original Assignee
Ponsse Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ponsse Oyj filed Critical Ponsse Oyj
Publication of WO2024141708A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024141708A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/08—Felling trees
    • A01G23/083—Feller-delimbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/08—Felling trees
    • A01G23/091—Sawing apparatus specially adapted for felling trees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/08—Felling trees
    • A01G23/087—Shearing apparatus or the like specially adapted for felling trees
    • A01G23/089—Shearing apparatus or the like specially adapted for felling trees having two or more shears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D59/00—Accessories specially designed for sawing machines or sawing devices
    • B23D59/001—Measuring or control devices, e.g. for automatic control of work feed pressure on band saw blade
    • B23D59/002—Measuring or control devices, e.g. for automatic control of work feed pressure on band saw blade for the position of the saw blade

Definitions

  • Some cross-cutting devices used in the harvester head may comprise e.g. one or two moving knives, whereby said knife or said knives, when moving, apply to the tree trunk a compression- or scissors-type cutting effect for cross-cut- ting the tree trunk.
  • An advantage of a cross-cutting device comprising a knife or knives compared with a cross-cutting device equipped with a chain-saw-type cross-cutting saw is its lower operating and maintenance costs.
  • the operating and maintenance costs of the cross-cutting device equipped with a cross-cutting saw are increased by e.g. lubrication that the cross-cutting saw substantially continuously requires as well as chain and saw flange replacements.
  • the harvester 1 further comprises a power source 4.
  • the power source 4 can comprise e.g. a combustion engine, one or more electric motors and sets of batteries, and/or a generator or different combinations of these for generating the required power for providing the movement of the harvester, for increasing its movement speed and for operating the devices arranged in the harvester.
  • the harvester 1 additionally comprises a cab 5.
  • the cab 5 may be arranged foldably and/or rotatably in relation to the chassis 2.
  • the cab 5 comprises required control means 6, by means of which, the operator of the harvester may control the drive of the harvester and the devices arranged to it.
  • Said control means 6 are shown very schematically in Figure 1 and they may comprise e.g. one or more manually controllable control means, such as e.g. a control lever, and/or one or more foot-controllable control means, such as e.g. a pedal.
  • Said control means 6 can also comprise a pre-designed harvester work plan in the form of a runnable programme which is runnable by e.g.
  • the forest machines of Figure 1 are typically forest machines operating based on the active control of the operator of the forest machine.
  • the forest machine can operate without the active control of the operator at least for some time, and in a substantially totally autonomously operating forest machine, whereby the operator does not actively contribute to the control of the forest machine operations without a special reason.
  • the means used for controlling the forest machine can be located separate from the forest machine, whereby the forest machine does not necessarily comprise an actual cab and the control of the forest machine is implemented by remote control or automatically.
  • the harvester head 10 of Figures 2-4 comprises a frame structure 11, into connection with which, means intended for the felling of the tree and the processing of the felled tree fitted to the harvester head 10 are arranged.
  • the means intended for the felling and processing of the tree typically comprise a feeding device 12, a delimbing device 14 and a cross-cutting device 16, wherein the feeding device 12 is used for supporting the tree during its felling and for feeding the tree through the harvester head 10 when processing the felled tree in the harvester head 10, the delimbing device 14 is used for supporting the tree during its felling and for removing the branches of the felled tree i.e.
  • the cross-cutting device 16 is used for cross-cutting the tree being felled and for cross -cutting the trunk of the tree 9 being fed through the harvester head 10 by the feeding device 12 into parts of desired length.
  • the feeding means of the feeding device 12 and the delimbing means of the delimbing device 14 may also be used for debarking the tree i.e. removing the bark from the surface of the tree. Often for removing the bark, the felled tree must be fed several times through the harvester head 10, removing the bark and possible branches from the tree but without cross-cutting the tree being processed into parts yet.
  • the debarking of the tree takes place from the combined effect of the feeding means of the feeding device 12 applied to the bark of the tree and the delimbing means of the delimbing device 14 as well as fixed debarking means arranged to the frame of the harvester head in a way known as such by those skilled in the art.
  • the debarking may also be intensified during the motion of the tree by bringing the tree trunk to a rotating motion around its central axis by means of the feeding device 12, such as by a suitable surface pattern of feeding rolls forming possible feeding means of the feeding device 12.
  • the feeding device 12, the delimbing device 14 and the crosscutting device 16 are hydraulically operated devices, comprising actuators operating by means of substantially incompressible fluid pressure medium for controlling the operation of the feeding means of the feeding device 12, the delimbing means of the delimbing device 14 and the cross-cutting means of the cross-cutting device 16 by affecting the pressure and/or flow direction of pressure medium being fed to said actuators in a way known as such by those skilled in the art.
  • Said actuators may be e.g. various cylinders, valves, motors, or pumps, or some other pressure sources.
  • the feeding device 12 of the harvester head 10 comprises feeding means which are pressed against the tree trunk for both supporting the tree to be felled during the felling and for feeding the felled tree 9 being processed by the harvester head 10 by using said feeding means in the harvester head 10.
  • said feeding means comprise feeding rolls 13, which are wheels provided with an outward directed toothing, which are pressed, by using one or more actuators related to them, against the surface of the trunk of the tree 9 and rotated for feeding the tree 9 being processed through the harvester head 10.
  • the feeding means may be e.g. continuous feeding belts or chains of the chain track type.
  • said delimbing means comprise front delimbing knives 15a located in the direction of the front part 10a of the harvester head 10 in relation to the feeding rolls 13, that is, the front delimbing knives 15a located in front of the feeding rolls 13 seen in the typical feeding direction of the tree 9, and rear delimbing knives 15b located in the direction of the rear part 10b of the harvester head 10 in relation to the feeding rolls 13, that is, the rear delimbing knives 15b located behind the feeding rolls 13 seen in the feeding direction of the tree 9.
  • the position of at least one cross-cutting knife 17a, 17b is thus deflected from its home position such that the cross-cutting knife 17a, 17b in advance transfers to such a standby position for the cross-cutting of the tree 9 where the cross-cutting knife 17a, 17b is closer to the trunk of the tree 9 compared with its home position for cross-cutting the tree 9 when the feeding of the tree 9 forward through the harvester head 10 stops for the cross-cutting of the tree 9.
  • the controlling of the cross-cutting knife 17a, 17b to the above standby position may comprise e.g.
  • a control unit 21 of the control system 20 of Figure 5 is configured in accordance with the solution to particularly control the operation of the cross-cut- ting device 16 i.e. the cross-cutting knives 17a, 17b by means of a control connection CO-17. Furthermore, the control unit 21 may be configured to control the operation of the feeding device 12 by means of a control connection CO- 12 and the operation of the delimbing device 14 by means of a control connection CO-14. Data describing the operation of the feeding device 12, the delimbing device 14 and the cross-cutting device 16 or measurements performed in each of them may be transferred to the control unit 21 by means of corresponding data transfer connections Ml-12, Ml-14 and Ml-17.
  • the control unit 21 may be e.g. a computer or some other device or means comprising a microprocessor or some other micro controller, obvious to the those skilled in the art, which is configured to perform via a programme stored in the control unit 21, based on measurement data received by the control unit 21 and/or data further determined based on them, control measures particularly affecting the operation of the cross-cutting knives 17a, 17b of the cross-cutting device 16, but possibly also control measures affecting the operation of the feeding device 12 and the delimbing device 14.
  • control measures performed the control unit 21 provide, in a way known as such by those skilled in the art, a required change in the operation of the feeding device 12, the delimbing device 14 and/or the cross-cutting device 16 as a response to a change in the pressure and/or volume flow and/or flow direction of pressure medium related to each other them, being fed to one or more actuators.
  • control system 20 comprises at least one sensor P12 arranged in the feeding device 12 and/or at least one sensor P14 arranged in the delimbing device 14 which sensor is configured to determine the thickness MT of the trunk of the tree 9 being fed through the harvester head 10 by determining the position of the feeding means of the feeding device 12 and/or the delimbing means of the delimbing device 14, said feeding means and/or delimbing means being pressed against the trunk of the tree 9.
  • control system 20 is configured to determine the distance S between said at least one cross-cutting knife 17a, 17b and the measurement point of the thickness of the trunk of the tree 9, to determine the thickness MT of the trunk of the tree being processed substantially continuously, to determine the tree feeding speed MS and/or the tree feeding acceleration MA substantially continuously, and to control the position of said at least one cross- cutting knife 17a, 17b substantially continuously based on the determined thickness MT of the trunk of the tree, distance S between said at least one cross-cutting knife 17a, 17b and the measuring point of the thickness of the trunk of the tree 9 as well as tree feeding speed MS and/or tree feeding acceleration MA.
  • the cross-cutting device 16 is shown in a use situation of the cross-cutting of the tree 9 already performed, where the cross-cutting knives 17a, 17b have ended up slightly overlapping in relation to each other at the end of the cross-cutting of the tree 9.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement du bois par une tête de moissonneuse (10) d'une machine de travail forestière (1), qui comprend la coupe transversale du tronc d'un arbre abattu (9) en parties par un dispositif de coupe transversale (16) de la tête de moissonneuse, qui comprend au moins une lame de coupe transversale mobile (17a, 17b). Le procédé comprend la détermination de l'épaisseur du tronc d'arbre et la commande, pour couper transversalement l'arbre, sur la base de l'épaisseur du tronc d'arbre déterminée, d'au moins une lame de coupe transversale mobile dans une position d'attente qui diffère de la position initiale de la lame de coupe transversale. En outre, l'invention concerne un système de commande destiné à commander le fonctionnement de la tête de moissonneuse d'une machine de travail forestière et d'une tête de moissonneuse.
PCT/FI2023/050726 2022-12-29 2023-12-21 Procédé de traitement du bois et système de commande destiné à commander le fonctionnement de la tête de moissonneuse d'une machine de travail forestière WO2024141708A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20226175A FI20226175A1 (fi) 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 Menetelmä puun käsittelemiseksi ja ohjausjärjestelmä metsätyökoneen harvesteripään toiminnan ohjaamiseksi
FI20226175 2022-12-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024141708A1 true WO2024141708A1 (fr) 2024-07-04

Family

ID=89661983

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2023/050726 WO2024141708A1 (fr) 2022-12-29 2023-12-21 Procédé de traitement du bois et système de commande destiné à commander le fonctionnement de la tête de moissonneuse d'une machine de travail forestière

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FI (1) FI20226175A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024141708A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3529643A (en) * 1968-08-06 1970-09-22 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Tree harvesting and processing devices
WO2010004095A1 (fr) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Jussi-Pekka Usenius Abatteuse-ébrancheuse pour l'exploitation forestière et procédé de récolte du bois employant l'abatteuse-ébrancheuse
EP3614831B1 (fr) * 2017-04-28 2022-04-06 Komatsu Forest AB Tête d'abatteuse écorceuse de type à poignée unique

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3529643A (en) * 1968-08-06 1970-09-22 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Tree harvesting and processing devices
WO2010004095A1 (fr) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Jussi-Pekka Usenius Abatteuse-ébrancheuse pour l'exploitation forestière et procédé de récolte du bois employant l'abatteuse-ébrancheuse
EP3614831B1 (fr) * 2017-04-28 2022-04-06 Komatsu Forest AB Tête d'abatteuse écorceuse de type à poignée unique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20226175A1 (fi) 2024-06-30

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