WO2024121972A1

WO2024121972A1 - Driving aptitude level calculation device, driving aptitude level calculation method, and driving aptitude level calculation system

Info

Publication number: WO2024121972A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/045092
Authority: WO
Inventors: 佳苗吉川; 光生下谷; 雄城煤孫; 圭作福田
Original assignee: 三菱電機株式会社
Priority date: 2022-12-07
Filing date: 2022-12-07
Publication date: 2024-06-13

Abstract

The purpose of the present disclosure is to calculate, with high precision, a driving aptitude level indicating the driving aptitude of a driver. This driving aptitude level calculation device comprises: a driver state acquisition unit (12) that acquires a driver state including at least one of the biological state and the behavior of a driver while driving a vehicle; an employment history acquisition unit (11) that acquires an employment history for the driver including a vehicle driving history; a driving aptitude level calculation unit (13) that calculates a driving aptitude level on the basis of the driver state and the employment history; and a notification unit (14) that reports notification information including the driving aptitude level to an external device (23) provided outside of the driving aptitude level calculation device.

Description

Driving aptitude calculation device, driving aptitude calculation method, and driving aptitude calculation system

This disclosure relates to calculating a driver's driving aptitude.

Drivers who operate vehicles professionally often drive for long periods of time. If a driver becomes fatigued due to long driving times, this can impede safe driving, so traditionally, drivers' driving time is managed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an information management program that generates at least one of the driving time length and working time length for each driver based on movement data including the moving speed and moving distance of a moving object for each specified time period, and records the working status of the driver.

JP 2019-185502 A

The information management program in Patent Document 1 allows the operations manager to grasp the length of time the driver is driving, but the problem is that the actual condition of the driver cannot be grasped, making it impossible to accurately judge whether the driver is in a suitable condition for driving.

This disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and aims to calculate the driving aptitude level, which indicates the driving aptitude of a driver, with high accuracy.

The driving aptitude calculation device disclosed herein is a driving aptitude calculation device that detects in real time the driving aptitude that indicates the driving aptitude of a driver engaged in vehicle driving operations, and includes a driver state acquisition unit that acquires the driver state including at least one of the driver's biological state and behavior while driving the vehicle, an employment history acquisition unit that acquires the driver's employment history including the vehicle driving history, a driving aptitude calculation unit that calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver state and the employment history, and a notification unit that notifies an external device provided outside the driving aptitude calculation device of notification information including the driving aptitude.

The driving aptitude calculation device disclosed herein can calculate driving aptitude, which represents a driver's driving aptitude, with high accuracy based on the driver's state and work history. Objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

1 is a configuration diagram of a driving aptitude calculation system according to a first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation of the driving aptitude calculation device according to the first embodiment; 1 is a diagram showing an example of displaying driving aptitudes of a plurality of drivers in the management device according to the first embodiment; FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of displaying driving aptitudes of a plurality of drivers in the management device according to the first embodiment; FIG. FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a driving aptitude calculation system according to a fifth modified example of the first embodiment. FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a driving aptitude calculation system according to a second embodiment. FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a driving aptitude calculation system according to a third embodiment. FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a driving aptitude calculation system according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a driving aptitude calculation system according to a modified example of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a driving aptitude calculation system according to a fifth embodiment. 13 is a diagram showing an example of displaying driving aptitudes of a plurality of drivers in the management device according to embodiment 5. FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the driving aptitude calculation system. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the driving aptitude calculation system.

<A. First embodiment>
<A-1. Composition＞
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving aptitude calculation system 1001 according to the first embodiment. The driving aptitude calculation system 1001 is a system that detects the driving aptitude of a driver who drives a vehicle in real time. The driving aptitude is an index that indicates how safely the driver can drive. For example, when the driver is dozing or looking away from the wheel, the driving aptitude is detected as low.

The driving aptitude calculation system 1001 is configured with a driving aptitude calculation device 101, a driver state detection device 21, an employment information creation device 22, and a management device 23. The driving aptitude calculation device 101 is connected to the driver state detection device 21, the employment information creation device 22, and the management device 23, and is configured to be able to use these.

The driving aptitude calculation device 101 detects the driving aptitude of a driver while driving a vehicle and outputs the detection result to the management device 23.

The driver condition detection device 21 detects the driver condition used to determine driving suitability. The driver condition includes at least one of the driver's biological condition or behavior that affects safe driving. The driver's biological condition includes, for example, the driver's alertness, abnormal pulse rate, abnormal heart rate, abnormal body temperature, and panic state. The driver's behavior includes, for example, the driver's inattentiveness.

The driver condition detection device 21 detects the driver condition by comparing some measurement information related to the driver with predetermined parameters. For example, the driver condition detection device 21 may take an image of the driver's face or body using a camera mounted on the vehicle, and detect the driver condition from the driver's gaze, blinking, posture, etc. obtained from the captured image. Alternatively, the driver condition detection device 21 may measure the driver's biological information such as body temperature, pulse, heart rate, etc. using an infrared sensor mounted on the vehicle or a smart watch worn by the driver, and detect the driver condition using the measured biological information.

The work information creation device 22 creates work information for the driver. The work information includes information on the time the driver has driven the vehicle. Various methods can be used to create the work information. The work information creation device 22 may create the work information using a device that stores vehicle operation information, such as a digital tachograph or an EDR (Event Data Recorder). Alternatively, the work information creation device 22 may create the work information using an application that traces the position of the vehicle and determines the moving state of the vehicle on a mobile terminal having a GPS (Global Positioning System) or an acceleration sensor. The work information creation device 22 may also create the work information using a movement management system that communicates with the vehicle and manages the vehicle's position information. Alternatively, the work information creation device 22 may create the work information based on operation information, such as a work log, manually entered by the driver or an employee of the operation management company that employs the driver.

The management device 23 is an external device of the driving aptitude calculation device 101 that acquires and displays the detection results of the driver's driving aptitude by the driving aptitude calculation device 101. The management device 23 is, for example, a management terminal that constitutes a vehicle management system of a vehicle operation management company. Alternatively, the management device 23 may be a terminal that constitutes an emergency system that arranges for a driver who has experienced a physical abnormality to receive appropriate treatment at a medical facility.

The driving aptitude calculation device 101 is configured with an employment history acquisition unit 11, a driver state acquisition unit 12, a driving aptitude calculation unit 13, and a notification unit 14.

The work history acquisition unit 11 acquires work information from the work information creation device 22 and accumulates it as work history. The work history includes driving history, which is information about when and for how long the driver drove the vehicle.

The driver status acquisition unit 12 acquires the driver status from the driver status detection device 21.

The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the driver's driving aptitude based on the work history acquired from the work history acquisition unit 11 and the driver state acquired from the driver state acquisition unit. This judgment reflects the driver's current driving state, so the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 can judge the driver state in real time. Driving aptitude may be a continuous value with 1 being the best and 0 being the worst. Driving aptitude may also be expressed in multiple levels, such as levels 0 to 10, with level 10 being the best.

The notification unit 14 notifies the management device 23 of notification information including the driver's driving aptitude determined by the driving aptitude calculation unit 13.

<A-2. Operation>
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the driving aptitude calculation device 101.

The driving aptitude calculation device 101 starts the flow of FIG. 2 when the driver starts driving the vehicle. Note that, prior to step S101 described below, it is assumed that the work history acquisition unit 11 acquires the driver's work information from the work information creation device 22 and creates the driver's work history.

First, in step S101, the driver state acquisition unit 12 acquires the driver state from the driver state detection device 21. In the following explanation, the alertness d(t) is used as an example of the driver state. The alertness d(t) of 1 corresponds to the highest alertness state and 0 corresponds to the lowest alertness state. In addition, when d(t) is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold Dth, it indicates that the driver has a sufficient level of alertness to drive.

Next, in step S102, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 acquires the driver's status from the driver status acquisition unit 12 and the work history from the work history acquisition unit 11, and calculates the driver's driving aptitude based on this information.

The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the driving aptitude by referring to the driving time of the driver for the past three days from the driving history. The driving time of the driver referred to here may be from the past few days, but here it is three days. Based on the current time at which the driving aptitude is judged, the driving time of the previous day is T1, the driving time of two days ago is T2, and the driving time of three days ago is T3, the average driving time PTdrive of these three days is expressed as (T1 + T2 + T3) / 3. The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the driving aptitude of the driver at time t, able (t), using the driver's wakefulness d (t) and the average driving time PTdrive of the past three days as parameters. In other words, the driving aptitude able (t) is expressed by the function f1 {d (t), PTdrive}.

The longer the average driving time PTdrive, the more fatigue the driver accumulates, and it is therefore believed that the driver's level of alertness will decrease more rapidly if he or she continues driving in the future. Therefore, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 reduces the driving aptitude able(t) the longer the average driving time PTdrive.

The driving suitability calculation unit 13 may express the driving suitability able(t) as a binary value or as a continuous value. The following formula shows an example of a case where the driving suitability able(t) is expressed as a binary value. Here, g(PTdrive) is a value that increases as the average driving time PTdrive increases, and Dth is a predetermined threshold value.

The following formula shows an example of how driving aptitude level able(t) is calculated as a continuous value.

Next, in step S103, the notification unit 14 obtains the driving aptitude judgment result from the driving aptitude calculation unit 13, and notifies the management device 23 of notification information including this judgment result. Upon receiving this notification, the management device 23 displays the judgment result of the driver's driving aptitude in real time.

Figures 3 and 4 show examples of the display of the driving aptitude of drivers in the management device 23. Here, the management device 23 manages the driving aptitude of six drivers, Driver 1 to Driver 6. Figure 3 shows an example of the display when there are no problems with the driving aptitude of any of the drivers. For example, the icon representing each driver is displayed in green, which indicates safety.

Figure 4 shows an example of a display when there is a problem with Driver 5's driving aptitude. In the display example in Figure 4, the icon representing Driver 5 is displayed in a different color from the icons representing other drivers. For example, the icon representing Driver 5 is displayed in orange, which indicates a warning.

The above describes the method for calculating driving aptitude level able(t) by the driving aptitude calculation unit 13, but the determination as to whether the calculated driving aptitude level able(t) is a driving aptitude level able(t) that poses a problem for the driver's safe driving may be made by either the driving aptitude calculation device 101 or the management device 23. The driving aptitude level able(t) is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and is determined to be problematic if it is equal to or greater than the threshold value, and not problematic if it is less than the threshold value. When this determination is made by the driving aptitude calculation unit 13, the notification information notified to the management device 23 by the notification unit 14 also includes the result of the determination of the driving aptitude level able(t) by the driving aptitude calculation unit 13.

The vehicle operation manager can grasp the driving aptitude of the driver in real time by the display as described above. The management device 23 may display the driving aptitude of each driver, or may display the judgment result of the driving aptitude of each driver as shown in Figures 3 and 4.

Next, in step S104, the driving aptitude calculation device 101 determines whether or not driving of the vehicle has ended. End of vehicle driving can be determined, for example, from the fact that the vehicle's accessory power source has been turned off. If vehicle driving is continuing, the driving aptitude calculation device 101 returns to the process of step S101, again acquires the driver's state, and repeats the determination of the driver's driving aptitude. If driving of the vehicle has ended, the process of the driving aptitude calculation device 101 ends.

<A-3. Modification 1>
The notification information notified from the notification unit 14 to the management device 23 may include the driver's driving aptitude, as well as the driver's state and work history used to determine the driving aptitude. The notification information may also include the driver's face image and a video inside the vehicle. If the driver's driving aptitude is problematic, the management device 23 may display the driver's state, work history, face image, and a video inside the vehicle of the problematic driver. This allows the vehicle operation manager to grasp detailed information about the driver with a problematic driving aptitude.

<A-4. Modification 2>
The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the driving aptitude based on the average driving time PTdrive of the past three days. Here, it is considered that the closer to the present day of the past three days the driving is, the more it affects the fatigue of the driver at the present time. Therefore, when calculating the average driving time PTdrive of the driver, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may give a large weight to the driving time on the day closer to the present time. For example, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the average driving time PTdrive by the following formula.

Here, a1 is the weighting coefficient for the driving time one day ago, a2 is the weighting coefficient for the driving time two days ago, and a3 is the weighting coefficient for the driving time one day ago. Also, a1+a2+a3=1, and a1>a2>a3.

<A-5. Modification 3>
The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may take into account the influence of the driver's driving on the day when calculating the driving aptitude. For example, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may calculate the average driving time PTdrive of the driver by the following formula, assuming that the driving time on the day up to time t is T0(t).

Here, a0 is the estimated driving time up to time t. Also, a0+a1+a2+a3=1, and a0>a1>a2>a3.

<A-6. Modification 4>
The driver may also perform tasks other than driving (hereinafter, non-driving tasks), such as unloading the cargo at the delivery destination or moving the cargo by operating a forklift (moving task), and such non-driving tasks also affect the driver's fatigue. Therefore, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may calculate the driver's driving aptitude by taking into account the non-driving task history, which is the history of tasks other than driving. That is, the work history acquired by the work history acquisition unit 11 includes the non-driving task history in addition to the driving history. For example, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may calculate the driver's driving aptitude able(t) at time t using the following function f2.

Here, the average non-driving work time PTextra indicates the average time of non-driving work over the past three days up to the previous day. The function f2 may be a function in which the influence of the average non-driving work time PTextra is greater than the influence of the average driving time PTdrive. This is based on the assumption that fatigue caused by non-driving work is greater than fatigue caused by driving.

In addition, variants 2 and 3 may also be applied to the average non-driving work time PTextra.

<A-7. Modification 5>
5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving aptitude calculation system 1001A according to a fifth modified example of the first embodiment. The driving aptitude calculation system 1001A is different from the driving aptitude calculation system 1001 of FIG. 1 in that the driving aptitude calculation system 1001A includes a driving aptitude calculation device 101A instead of the driving aptitude calculation device 101. The driving aptitude calculation device 101A includes a nap history acquisition unit 15 that acquires the driver's nap history in addition to the configuration of the driving aptitude calculation device 101. The nap history acquisition unit 15 acquires the driver's nap history from, for example, an image captured by a camera that captures the inside of the vehicle, measurement information of a smart watch worn by the driver, or the like.

The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver's condition, work history, and also the driver's nap history. Generally, people tend to drive slowly for a certain period of time after the end of a nap, for example 30 minutes, due to the influence of the parasympathetic nervous system. Therefore, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may calculate the driving aptitude to be low within a grace period, which is a predetermined period of time after the end of the nap on that day, for example within 30 minutes. Furthermore, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may determine that the driver's fatigue has been alleviated after the grace period after the end of the nap has passed, and may calculate the average driving time by shortening the driving time of the day before the nap.

<A-8. Modification 6>
Although alertness has been described above as an example of a driver's state, other indicators such as absent-mindedness, frequency of looking away, abnormal pulse rate, abnormal respiratory rate, arrhythmia, and panicked state may also be used as indicators of the driver's state, or a combination of multiple indicators may also be used.

<A-9. Modification 7>
The driving aptitude calculated by the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may be evaluated by, for example, a business manager in the management device 23 as to whether the driving aptitude is appropriate. The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may create a calculation model of the driving aptitude by machine learning from the evaluation result of the driving aptitude calculated in the past and the driver state and work history from which the driving aptitude was calculated. This calculation model outputs the driving aptitude for a given driver state and work history. Then, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may input the driver state and work history into the calculation model to calculate the driving aptitude.

Here, the calculation model may be created for each driver.

<A-10. Effects>
The driving aptitude calculation device 101 according to the first embodiment includes a driver state acquisition unit 12 that acquires a driver state including at least one of a biological state and a behavior of the driver while driving a vehicle, a work history acquisition unit 11 that acquires a work history of the driver including a driving history of the vehicle, a driving aptitude calculation unit 13 that calculates a driving aptitude based on the driver state and the work history, and a notification unit 14 that notifies an external device provided outside the driving aptitude calculation device of notification information including the driving aptitude. The driving aptitude calculation device 101 calculates the driving aptitude based on not only the driving history but also the driver state, and therefore can calculate the driving aptitude at a high level.

<B. Second embodiment>
<B-1. Composition＞
6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving aptitude calculation system 1002 according to embodiment 2. The driving aptitude calculation system 1002 includes a driver state detection device 21, a work information creation device 22, and a management device 23 in addition to the driving aptitude calculation device 102. The driving aptitude calculation device 102 is connected to the driver state detection device 21, the work information creation device 22, and the management device 23, and is configured to be able to use these devices.

The driving aptitude calculation device 102 includes a physical condition information acquisition unit 16 in addition to the configuration of the driving aptitude calculation device 101 according to the first embodiment. The physical condition information acquisition unit 16 acquires the driver's physical condition information before starting driving on the day.

The physical condition information may be, for example, past health check results, the current day's vital signs, information about underlying diseases or age, information about past illnesses, information about medications, etc. This information may be input by the driver in advance.

The physical condition information may also include information on the driver's psychological or physical concerns. For example, the physical condition information may be information obtained by interviewing the driver about whether he or she has any psychological or physical problems before the driver starts driving. For example, the physical condition information acquisition unit 16 acquires physical condition information such as whether there are any worries in the family and psychological instability factors, whether physically demanding housework has been performed, whether the driver is sleeping well, and the like, and calculates the driving suitability. Here, the physical condition information acquisition unit 16 may automatically acquire physical condition information from the driver's spoken voice using a voice recognition device and a meaning understanding device that understands the meaning of the spoken content from the voice recognized by the voice recognition device.

The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver's condition, work history, and physical condition information. That is, the driver's driving aptitude able(t) at time t is expressed by the following function f3.

Here, P medical represents physical condition information. For example, if the driver's vital signs on the day are abnormal, the driving suitability calculation unit 13 sets the driving suitability able(t) lower compared to normal cases.

<B-2. Effects>
The driving aptitude calculation device 102 according to the second embodiment includes a physical condition information acquisition unit 16 that acquires physical condition information of the driver collected before the driver starts driving the vehicle. The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver's state, work history, and physical condition information. As a result, the driving aptitude calculation device 102 can calculate the driving aptitude with high accuracy by taking into account the physical condition information.

<C. Third embodiment>
<C-1. Composition＞
7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving aptitude calculation system 1003 according to embodiment 3. The driving aptitude calculation system 1003 includes a driver state detection device 21, a work information creation device 22, and a management device 23 in addition to the driving aptitude calculation device 103. The driving aptitude calculation device 103 is connected to the driver state detection device 21, the work information creation device 22, and the management device 23 and is configured to be able to use these devices.

The driving aptitude calculation device 103 includes a parameter correction unit 17 in addition to the configuration of the driving aptitude calculation device 101 according to the first embodiment. The driver condition detection device 21 detects the driver condition by comparing the driver's biometric information or an image of the driver with predetermined parameters. The parameter correction unit 17 changes the parameters used by the driver condition detection device 21 based on the driver's work history.

<C-2. Judgment of decreased alertness>
The driver state detection device 21 detects the driver's wakefulness as the driver state based on the blinking pattern detected from the captured image of the driver. A blink in which the time the eyelids are closed (blinking time) is equal to or longer than a predetermined threshold is called a long-term blink. The driver state detection device 21 counts the number of blinks within a certain period of time, such as 30 seconds or 1 minute, and determines the wakefulness level to be lower as the long-term blink ratio, which is the ratio of the number of long-term blinks to the total number of blinks, increases.

In such a case, the parameter correction unit 17 may estimate that the driver's fatigue increases as the working hours are longer, and may correct the threshold value of the blink time for determining long-term blinking downward. Alternatively, the parameter correction unit 17 may correct the threshold value of the long-term blink ratio for determining the level of alertness downward. This makes it easier for the driver state detection device 21 to determine the level of alertness as low if the working hours are longer.

<C-3. Inattentive Judgment>
The driver state detection device 21 detects the driver's inattentive behavior from the driver's line of sight distribution, and detects the frequency of the driver's inattentive behavior as the driver state. The range is defined as a normal line of sight range, and when the driver's line of sight direction is continuously outside the normal line of sight range for a predetermined period of time or more, the driver state detection device 21 detects the driver's inattentive behavior. .

In this case, the parameter correction unit 17 estimates that the longer the working hours, the greater the driver's fatigue, and corrects the angle that defines the normal line of sight to a smaller value. Alternatively, the parameter correction unit 17 corrects to a smaller value the threshold value for the time that the driver's line of sight continues to be outside the normal line of sight when determining that the driver is looking away. As a result, if the working hours are long, the driver condition detection device 21 can more easily detect the driver's looking away.

<C-4. Effects>
In the driving aptitude calculation device 103 according to the third embodiment, the driver state acquisition unit 12 acquires the driver state from the driver state detection device 21, which detects the driver state by comparing the driver's biological information or information obtained from an image with predetermined parameters. The driving aptitude calculation device 103 includes a parameter correction unit 17 that corrects parameters based on the work history. Therefore, for example, if the parameters of the driver state detection device 21 are corrected so that the wakefulness level is determined to be low if the working hours are long, the driving aptitude is calculated to be low.

<D. Fourth embodiment>
<D-1. Composition＞
8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving aptitude calculation system 1004 according to embodiment 4. The driving aptitude calculation system 1004 includes a driving aptitude calculation device 104, a driver state detection device 21, a work information creation device 22, a management device 23, and an in-vehicle LAN (Local Area Network) 24. The driving aptitude calculation device 104 is connected to the driver state detection device 21, the work information creation device 22, the management device 23, and the in-vehicle LAN 24, and is configured to be able to use these.

The driving aptitude calculation device 104 includes a driving status acquisition unit 18 in addition to the configuration of the driving aptitude calculation device 101 according to the first embodiment. The driving status acquisition unit 18 acquires the current driving status of the driver. The driving status includes information on the vehicle speed or acceleration as the status of the vehicle, and information on the operation status of the brake, steering wheel, or accelerator as the status of the vehicle driving operation by the driver.

The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates driving aptitude by taking into account the driving situation in addition to the driver's condition and work history. The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the driver's most recent driving attention Pcare(t) at time t based on the driving situation. The driving attention Pcare(t) is an index that indicates how carefully the driver is driving. A driving attention Pcare(t) of 1 indicates a good attention state, and a driving attention Pcare(t) of 0 indicates a bad attention state. The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 expresses the driving attention Pcare(t) as a numerical value based on the driving situation over the past 20 minutes, for example.

The driving suitability calculation unit 13 calculates driving suitability able(t) at time t using function f4, which has the degree of alertness d(t), the average driving time PTdrive, and the driving attention level Pcare(t) as parameters. Function f4 is a function in which, assuming that the level of alertness d(t) and the average driving time PTdrive are constant, the lower the driving attention level Pcare(t), the lower the driving suitability.

<D-2. Modification 1>
In the case where the vehicle is capable of being automatically driven by an automatic driving device, the driving status acquired by the driving status acquisition unit 18 may include an intervention status of automatic driving of the vehicle by the automatic driving device. For example, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may lower the driving attention level Pcare(t) as the frequency of emergency automatic driving intervention such as automatic avoidance, automatic braking, and lane keeping control increases.

<D-3. Modification 2>
9 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving aptitude calculation system 1004A according to a second modification of the fourth embodiment. The driving aptitude calculation system 1004A includes a driver state detection device 21, a work information creation device 22, a management device 23, an in-vehicle LAN 24, and a surrounding detection device 25 in addition to the driving aptitude calculation device 104. The driving aptitude calculation device 104 is connected to the driver state detection device 21, the work information creation device 22, the management device 23, the in-vehicle LAN 24, and the surrounding detection device 25, and is configured to be able to use these.

The surrounding detection device 25 detects the situation around the vehicle and outputs the detected situation around the vehicle to the driving aptitude calculation device 104 as surrounding information. The surrounding detection device is, for example, an image recognition device, Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging), an ultrasonic sensor, or a millimeter wave radar. The surrounding situation detected by the surrounding detection device 25 is, for example, the distance between the vehicle and other vehicles, pedestrians, or bicycles.

In this modified example, the driving status acquisition unit 18 acquires surrounding information from the surrounding detection device 25 and outputs it to the driving suitability calculation unit 13. The driving suitability calculation unit 13 calculates the driver's driving attention level Pcare(t) based on the surrounding information. Based on the surrounding information, the driving suitability calculation unit 13 determines whether the vehicle distance from other vehicles was appropriate, whether a sufficient distance was kept between the vehicle and other vehicles when overtaking, and whether the vehicle was driven in a way that reduced the impact on other vehicles at branching or merging points, and calculates the driving attention level Pcare(t).

Furthermore, the driving aptitude calculation device 104 may acquire gaze information indicating the direction of the driver's gaze. The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may then refer to the gaze information and surrounding information to determine whether the driver is able to pay attention to the surroundings of the vehicle while taking into account the situation around the vehicle, for example, whether the driver has properly visually identified areas requiring caution, and calculate the driving attention level Pcare(t).

<D-4. Modification 3>
The driving conditions acquired by the driving condition acquisition unit 18 may include the driver's violation of traffic rules. The traffic rules include, for example, stopping at a stop line or observing the speed limit of the road. The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 may lower the driving attention level Pcare(t) as the frequency of the driver violating traffic rules increases.

<D-5. Effects>
The driving aptitude calculation device 104 according to the fourth embodiment includes a driving situation acquisition unit 18 that acquires the driving situation of the vehicle by the driver. The driving aptitude calculation unit 13 calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver's state, the work history, and the driving situation. Therefore, the driving aptitude calculation device 104 can calculate the driving aptitude with high accuracy by taking the driving situation into consideration.

<E. Fifth embodiment>
<E-1. Composition＞
10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving aptitude calculation system 1005 according to embodiment 5. The driving aptitude calculation system 1005 includes a driving aptitude calculation device 105, a driver state detection device 21, a work information creation device 22, and a management device 23. The driving aptitude calculation device 105 is connected to the driver state detection device 21, the work information creation device 22, and the management device 23, and is configured to be able to use these devices.

The driving aptitude calculation device 105 includes an engagement receiving unit 19 in addition to the configuration of the driving aptitude calculation device 101 according to the first embodiment. The engagement receiving unit 19 communicates with the management device 23 and receives an engagement service from the management device 23.

<E-2. Operation>
When the driving aptitude of a specific driver acquired from the notification unit 14 is less than a predetermined threshold, the management device 23 performs an operation to increase the engagement of the specific driver. For example, the management device 23 includes: As shown in Fig. 11, detailed information and a face image of a driver whose driving aptitude has been reduced, and a telephone icon are displayed. Here, the detailed information of the driver includes the driver's work history, the driver's condition, the vehicle The information includes the speed, the mileage of the vehicle on that day, the vehicle position, and the vehicle number. This information is transmitted from the notification unit 14 to the management device 23 as notification information together with the driver's driving aptitude.

When the business manager selects the telephone icon, a telephone call is made from the management device 23 to the engagement receiving unit 19, and the business manager and the driver can talk on a hands-free telephone call via the management device 23 and the engagement receiving unit 19. Here, the engagement receiving unit 19 is a smartphone carried by the driver, for example. By talking to the driver, the business manager can encourage the driver to take a rest and give him a sense of security.

The management device 23 may also output a message to the engagement enjoyment unit 19 encouraging the driver to rest and refrain from driving based on information about the driver whose driving aptitude has decreased, and the message may be displayed on the engagement enjoyment unit 19. At this time, the management device 23 may determine a resting place for the driver based on map data it owns and the driver's position information, and include information about the resting place in the message. The management device 23 may also notify the driver of the state he is in and encourage him to be aware of this. For example, the management device 23 may send a message to the engagement enjoyment unit 19 such as "Mr. XX, today's driving will be 4 hours and 350 km. There is a resting place at YY, why don't you take a rest? Your level of alertness is somewhat reduced."

<E-3. First Modification>
If the vehicle is capable of automatic driving by an automatic driving device, the management device 23 may instruct the automatic driving device to increase the support level of the vehicle driven by the driver according to a decrease in the driver's driving aptitude. The automatic driving device increases the support level of the vehicle according to the instruction of the management device 23. Increasing the support level includes increasing the automatic driving level of the vehicle or changing the parameters related to automatic driving to the safe side. Examples of parameter changes include, for example, increasing the distance between the vehicles to be secured when following the vehicle ahead, or advancing the timing of the collision warning alarm.

The instruction to increase the vehicle's assistance level may be sent to the automated driving device from the notification unit 14, rather than from the management device 23. The notification unit 14 may also notify the driver to increase the driving assistance level as the driver's driving aptitude decreases.

<E-4. Effects>
The driving aptitude calculation device 105 according to the fifth embodiment includes an engagement receiving unit 19 that receives a call or a message from an external device to refrain from driving when the driving aptitude is less than a predetermined threshold. This allows the driver to understand that his/her driving aptitude has decreased and to take measures such as taking a rest.

F. Hardware Configuration
The driver state acquisition unit 12, the work history acquisition unit 11, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13, the notification unit 14, the nap history acquisition unit 15, the physical condition information acquisition unit 16, the parameter correction unit 17, the driving situation acquisition unit 18, and the engagement enjoyment unit 19, as well as the management device 23, in the driving

aptitude calculation devices

101, 101A, 102, 103, 104, and 105, are realized by a processing circuit 81 shown in Fig. 12. That is, the processing circuit 81 includes the driver state acquisition unit 12, the work history acquisition unit 11, the driving aptitude calculation unit 13, the notification unit 14, the nap history acquisition unit 15, the physical condition information acquisition unit 16, the parameter correction unit 17, the driving situation acquisition unit 18, and the engagement enjoyment unit 19 (hereinafter, the driver state acquisition unit 12, etc.), as well as the management device 23. The processing circuit 81 may be implemented by dedicated hardware or a processor that executes a program stored in a memory. The processor is, for example, a central processing unit, a processing unit, an arithmetic unit, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), or the like.

When the processing circuit 81 is dedicated hardware, the processing circuit 81 corresponds to, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, a parallel programmed processor, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or a combination of these. Each function of each unit, such as the driver status acquisition unit 12, may be realized by multiple processing circuits 81, or the functions of each unit may be combined and realized by a single processing circuit.

When the processing circuit 81 is a processor, the functions of the driver state acquisition unit 12 and the like are realized by a combination of software, etc. (software, firmware, or software and firmware). The software, etc. are written as a program and stored in a memory. As shown in FIG. 13, the processor 82 applied to the processing circuit 81 realizes the functions of each unit by reading and executing a program stored in the memory 83. That is, the driving

aptitude calculation devices

101, 101A, 102, 103, 104, and 105 are provided with a memory 83 for storing a program that, when executed by the processing circuit 81, results in the execution of the steps of acquiring a driver state including at least one of the physiological state and behavior of the driver while driving the vehicle, acquiring the work history of the driver including the driving history of the vehicle, determining the driving aptitude based on the driver state and the work history, and notifying an external device provided outside the driving aptitude calculation device of the driving aptitude calculation device. In other words, this program can be said to cause a computer to execute the procedure or method of the driver state acquisition unit 12 and the like. Here, memory 83 may be, for example, non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memory such as RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), HDD (Hard Disk Drive), magnetic disk, flexible disk, optical disk, compact disk, mini disk, DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) and its drive device, or any storage medium to be used in the future.

The above describes a configuration in which the functions of the driver status acquisition unit 12, etc. are realized either by hardware or software, etc. However, this is not limited to the above, and a configuration in which part of the driver status acquisition unit 12, etc. is realized by dedicated hardware and another part is realized by software, etc. For example, the functions of the driver status acquisition unit 12, etc. can be realized by a processing circuit as dedicated hardware, and the remaining functions can be realized by the processing circuit 81 as the processor 82 reading and executing a program stored in the memory 83.

As described above, the processing circuit can realize each of the above functions by hardware, software, etc., or a combination of these.

The driving

aptitude calculation devices

101, 101A, 102, 103, 104, and 105 are typically devices mounted on vehicles, but can also be applied to a system constructed by appropriately combining a PND (Portable Navigation Device), a communication terminal (e.g., a mobile phone, a smartphone, a tablet, or other mobile terminal), the functions of applications installed on these, and a server. In this case, each function or each component of the driving

aptitude calculation devices

101, 101A, 102, 103, 104, and 105 described above may be distributed among the devices that construct the system, or may be concentrated in one of the devices.

It is possible to freely combine the various embodiments, and to modify or omit the various embodiments as appropriate. The above description is illustrative in all respects. It is understood that countless variations not illustrated can be envisioned.

11 Driver status acquisition unit, 12 Work history acquisition unit, 13 Driving aptitude calculation unit, 14 Notification unit, 15 Nap history acquisition unit, 16 Physical condition information acquisition unit, 17 Parameter correction unit, 18 Driving status acquisition unit, 19 Engagement reception unit, 21 Driver status detection device, 22 Work information creation device, 23 Management device, 24 In-vehicle LAN, 25 Surrounding detection device, 81 Processing circuit, 82 Processor, 83 Memory, 101, 101A, 102, 103, 104, 105 Driving aptitude calculation device, 1001, 1001A, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1004A, 1005 Driving aptitude calculation system.

Claims

A driving aptitude calculation device that detects in real time a driving aptitude representing a driving aptitude of a driver engaged in a vehicle driving task,
A driver state acquisition unit that acquires a driver state including at least one of a biological state and a behavior of the driver while driving the vehicle;
An employment history acquisition unit that acquires an employment history of the driver including a driving history of the vehicle;
a driving aptitude calculation unit that calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver state and the work history;
A notification unit that notifies an external device provided outside the driving aptitude calculation device of notification information including the driving aptitude.
Driving aptitude calculation device.
The driving aptitude calculation unit calculates an average driving time of the driver in the past of the vehicle from a driving history of the vehicle, and calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver state and the average driving time.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 1 .
The driving aptitude calculation unit calculates the average driving time by multiplying each of the driving times of the driver of the vehicle for the past few days up to the previous day by a weighting coefficient and adding them up,
The closer the day is to the present day, the larger the weighting coefficient for the driving time is.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 2 .
The driving aptitude calculation unit calculates the average driving time by multiplying the driving time of the driver on the day and the driving time of the vehicle for the past few days up to the previous day by a weighting coefficient and adding them together;
The closer the day is to the present day, the larger the weighting coefficient for the driving time is,
The weighting coefficient for the driving time on the day is the largest,
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 2 .
The work history includes a non-driving work history, which is a history of work other than driving the vehicle.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 1 .
The driving task is a task of driving the vehicle loaded with luggage to a delivery destination,
The work other than the driving work includes unloading or moving the luggage at the delivery destination,
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 1 .
A nap history acquisition unit that acquires a nap history of the driver on that day,
The driving aptitude calculation unit calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver state, the work history, and the nap history.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 4 .
The driving aptitude calculation unit corrects the driving aptitude to a lower level within a grace period that is a predetermined period after the driver ends his or her nap.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 7 .
After the grace period, the driving aptitude calculation unit corrects the driving time of the day before the nap to be shorter and calculates the average driving time.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 7 .
The driving aptitude calculation unit creates a calculation model by machine learning for calculating the driving aptitude based on the driver's state and the work history from the evaluation result of the driving aptitude calculated in the past and the driver's state and the work history from which the driving aptitude is calculated, and inputs the driver's state and the work history into the calculation model to calculate the driving aptitude.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 1 .
A physical condition information acquisition unit that acquires physical condition information of the driver collected before the driver starts driving the vehicle,
The driving aptitude calculation unit calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver state, the work history, and the physical condition information.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 1 .
the driver condition acquisition unit acquires the driver condition from a driver condition detection device that detects the driver condition by comparing bioinformation or information obtained from an image of the driver with predetermined parameters;
A parameter correction unit that corrects the parameters based on the work history.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 1 .
A driving status acquisition unit that acquires a driving status of the vehicle by the driver,
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 1 , wherein the driving aptitude calculation unit calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver state, the work history, and the driving situation.
The driving situation includes an operation situation of the brake, the steering wheel, or the accelerator of the vehicle by the driver,
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 13.
The vehicle is a vehicle capable of being automatically driven by an automatic driving device,
The driving situation includes an intervention situation of the automatic driving device,
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 13.
The driving suitability test device further includes an engagement receiving unit that receives a call from the external device or a message to refrain from driving when the driving suitability is less than a predetermined threshold.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 1 .
the notification information includes at least one of the driver status, the work history, and the driver's location information,
The message is created by the external device based on the notification information.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 16.
The vehicle is a vehicle capable of being automatically driven by an automatic driving device,
When the driving aptitude is less than a predetermined threshold, the automatic driving device increases the level of the automatic driving in response to an instruction from the driving aptitude calculation device or the external device.
The driving aptitude calculation device according to claim 1 .
A driving aptitude calculation method for detecting in real time a driving aptitude of a driver engaged in a vehicle driving task, comprising:
A driver state acquisition unit acquires a driver state including at least one of a physiological state and a behavior of the driver while driving the vehicle;
An employment history acquisition unit acquires an employment history of the driver including a driving history of the vehicle;
A driving aptitude calculation unit calculates the driving aptitude based on the driver's state and the work history,
The notification unit notifies the driving aptitude to an external device provided outside the driving aptitude calculation device including the driver state acquisition unit, the work history acquisition unit, the driving aptitude calculation unit, and the notification unit.
How to calculate driving fitness.
A driving aptitude calculation device that detects in real time a driving aptitude that represents the driving aptitude of a driver engaged in driving a vehicle;
A management terminal of a driver's business manager that receives and displays notification information including the driving aptitude from the driving aptitude calculation device.
Driving aptitude calculation system.